1
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Wei C, Wang Z, Hu Y, Huang J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Liu Q, Yu Z. Layer-by-layer growth of Cu 3(HHTP) 2 films on Cu(OH) 2 nanowire arrays for high performance ascorbic acid sensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 255:116256. [PMID: 38555772 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Growing three-dimensional (3D) metal organic frameworks (MOFs) via heterogeneous epitaxial growth on metal hydroxide arrays are effective for constructing electrochemical sensor. However, the growth of MOFs is difficult to control, resulting in thick and irregular morphologies and even damage the metal hydroxide template. In this work, Cu3(HHTP)2 (HHTP = 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11-hexahydroxytriphenylene) films with controllable thickness and morphology were successfully prepared on Cu(OH)2 nanowire arrays (NWAs) through layer-by-layer (LBL) growth method. We have discovered that the LBL cycle and the reaction solvent composition are crucial for growing homogenous MOF thin films. The Cu3(HHTP)2 based ascorbic acid (AA) sensor, fabricated in ethanol within 10 LBL cycles, generated an ultrahigh sensitivity of 821.64 μA mM-1 cm-2 in the range of 6-981.41 μM, a low detection limit of 60 nM as well as the great selectivity, stability and reproducibility. Moreover, the relative deviation for AA detection in two fruit juices were 3.22 % and 3.71 %, and the test result for human sweat fall within the normal AA concentration range, verifying the feasibility of as-prepared sensor for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhuinan Wei
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China; New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Yurun Hu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Jingqi Huang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Huihu Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China; New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ziyang Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, School of Optical Information and Energy Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
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2
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Mo F, Zhou P, Lin S, Zhong J, Wang Y. A Review of Conductive Hydrogel-Based Wearable Temperature Sensors. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401503. [PMID: 38857480 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogel has garnered significant attention as an emergent candidate for diverse wearable sensors, owing to its remarkable and tailorable properties such as flexibility, biocompatibility, and strong electrical conductivity. These attributes make it highly suitable for various wearable sensor applications (e.g., biophysical, bioelectrical, and biochemical sensors) that can monitor human health conditions and provide timely interventions. Among these applications, conductive hydrogel-based wearable temperature sensors are especially important for healthcare and disease surveillance. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of conductive hydrogel-based wearable temperature sensors. First, this work summarizes different types of conductive fillers-based hydrogel, highlighting their recent developments and advantages as wearable temperature sensors. Next, this work discusses the sensing characteristics of conductive hydrogel-based wearable temperature sensors, focusing on sensitivity, dynamic stability, stretchability, and signal output. Then, state-of-the-art applications are introduced, ranging from body temperature detection and wound temperature detection to disease monitoring. Finally, this work identifies the remaining challenges and prospects facing this field. By addressing these challenges with potential solutions, this review hopes to shed some light on future research and innovations in this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Mo
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Shihong Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Junwen Zhong
- Department of Electromechanical Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
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3
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Du Y, Kim JH, Kong H, Li AA, Jin ML, Kim DH, Wang Y. Biocompatible Electronic Skins for Cardiovascular Health Monitoring. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303461. [PMID: 38569196 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases represent a significant threat to the overall well-being of the global population. Continuous monitoring of vital signs related to cardiovascular health is essential for improving daily health management. Currently, there has been remarkable proliferation of technology focused on collecting data related to cardiovascular diseases through daily electronic skin monitoring. However, concerns have arisen regarding potential skin irritation and inflammation due to the necessity for prolonged wear of wearable devices. To ensure comfortable and uninterrupted cardiovascular health monitoring, the concept of biocompatible electronic skin has gained substantial attention. In this review, biocompatible electronic skins for cardiovascular health monitoring are comprehensively summarized and discussed. The recent achievements of biocompatible electronic skin in cardiovascular health monitoring are introduced. Their working principles, fabrication processes, and performances in sensing technologies, materials, and integration systems are highlighted, and comparisons are made with other electronic skins used for cardiovascular monitoring. In addition, the significance of integrating sensing systems and the updating wireless communication for the development of the smart medical field is explored. Finally, the opportunities and challenges for wearable electronic skin are also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Du
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Institute for Future, Shandong Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, School of Automation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ji Hong Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Clean-Energy Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui Kong
- Institute for Future, Shandong Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, School of Automation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Anne Ailina Li
- Institute for Future, Shandong Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, School of Automation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ming Liang Jin
- Institute for Future, Shandong Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, School of Automation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Do Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Clean-Energy Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
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4
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Mearaj T, Farooq A, Hafiz AK, Khanuja M, Zargar RA, Bhat AA. Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of WSe 2 Nanosheets: A Promising Approach for Wearable Photodetector Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3483-3495. [PMID: 38685505 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The two-dimensional (2D) WSe2 nanostructure was successfully synthesized via the hydrothermal method and subjected to comprehensive characterization using various spectroscopic techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of nanosheets with a hexagonal crystal structure having a space symmetry of P63/mmc. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed irregular and nonuniform morphology. The size of the 2D nanosheets was determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) providing insights intotheir physical characteristics. The optical spectrum analysis yielded a discernible band gap value of 2.1 eV, as determined by the Tauc equation. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra display an emission at a wavelength of 610 nm, showing a broad emission associated with self-trapped excitons. Under excitation at λexc = 360 nm, PL emission spectra displayed a distinct peak at 610 nm, demonstrating the ability of the nanostructure to emit vivid red light. Photometric analysis underscored the potential of this nanostructure as a prominent red-light source for diverse display applications. The optimized photodetection performance of a device showcases a photoresponsivity of approximately 1.25 × 10-3 AW-1 and a detectivity of around 5.19 × 108 Jones at a wavelength of 390 nm. Additionally, the quantum efficiency is reported to be approximately 6.99 × 10-3 at a wavelength of 635 nm. These findings highlight the capability of the device for efficient photoconversion at specified wavelengths, indicating potential applications in sensing, imaging, and optical communication. The combination of structural, morphological, and optical characterizations highlights the suitability of 2D WSe2 nanostructure for practical optoelectronic applications, particularly in display technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuiba Mearaj
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Aaliyah Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | | | - Manika Khanuja
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Rayees Ahmad Zargar
- Department of Physics, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri (J&K) 185234, India
| | - Aadil Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
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5
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Senthil Rathi B, Ewe LS, S S, S S, Yew WK, R B, Tiong SK. Recent trends and advancement in metal oxide nanoparticles for the degradation of dyes: synthesis, mechanism, types and its application. Nanotoxicology 2024; 18:272-298. [PMID: 38821108 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2024.2349304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic dyes play a crucial role in our daily lives, especially in clothing, leather accessories, and furniture manufacturing. Unfortunately, these potentially carcinogenic substances are significantly impacting our water systems due to their widespread use. Dyes from various sources pose a serious environmental threat owing to their persistence and toxicity. Regulations underscore the urgency in addressing this problem. In response to this challenge, metal oxide nanoparticles such as titanium dioxide (TiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), and iron oxide (Fe3O4) have emerged as intriguing options for dye degradation due to their unique characteristics and production methods. This paper aims to explore the types of nanoparticles suitable for dye degradation, various synthesis methods, and the properties of nanoparticles. The study elaborates on the photocatalytic and adsorption-desorption activities of metal oxide nanoparticles, elucidating their role in dye degradation and their application potential. Factors influencing degradation, including nanoparticle properties and environmental conditions, are discussed. Furthermore, the paper provides relevant case studies, practical applications in water treatment, and effluent treatment specifically in the textile sector. Challenges such as agglomeration, toxicity concerns, and cost-effectiveness are acknowledged. Future advancements in nanomaterial synthesis, their integration with other materials, and their impact on environmental regulations are potential areas for development. In conclusion, metal oxide nanoparticles possess immense potential in reducing dye pollution, and further research and development are essential to define their role in long-term environmental management.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Senthil Rathi
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lay Sheng Ewe
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sanjay S
- Department of Chemical Engineering, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai, India
| | - Sujatha S
- Department of Chemical Engineering, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai, India
| | - Weng Kean Yew
- School of Engineering and Physical Science, Heriot-Watt University Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | | | - Sieh Kiong Tiong
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
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6
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Liu J, Wang Y, Liu Y, Wu Y, Bian B, Shang J, Li R. Recent Progress in Wearable Near-Sensor and In-Sensor Intelligent Perception Systems. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2180. [PMID: 38610389 PMCID: PMC11014300 DOI: 10.3390/s24072180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
As the Internet of Things (IoT) becomes more widespread, wearable smart systems will begin to be used in a variety of applications in people's daily lives, not only requiring the devices to have excellent flexibility and biocompatibility, but also taking into account redundant data and communication delays due to the use of a large number of sensors. Fortunately, the emerging paradigms of near-sensor and in-sensor computing, together with the proposal of flexible neuromorphic devices, provides a viable solution for the application of intelligent low-power wearable devices. Therefore, wearable smart systems based on new computing paradigms are of great research value. This review discusses the research status of a flexible five-sense sensing system based on near-sensor and in-sensor architectures, considering material design, structural design and circuit design. Furthermore, we summarize challenging problems that need to be solved and provide an outlook on the potential applications of intelligent wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, China Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (B.B.)
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of China Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, China Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (B.B.)
| | - Yiwei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, China Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (B.B.)
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of China Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanzhao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, China Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (B.B.)
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of China Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Baoru Bian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, China Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (B.B.)
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of China Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, China Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (B.B.)
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of China Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Materials and Optoelectronics Research Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Runwei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, China Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (J.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (B.B.)
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of China Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Materials and Optoelectronics Research Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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7
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Chen Y, Gao M, Chen K, Sun H, Xing H, Liu X, Liu W, Guo H. MXene-Based Pressure Sensor with a Self-Healing Property for Joule Heating and Friction Sliding. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400593. [PMID: 38529744 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
As a kind of flexible electronic device, flexible pressure sensor has attracted wide attention in medical monitoring and human-machine interaction. With the continuous deepening of research, high-sensitivity sensor is developing from single function to multi-function. However, Current multifunctional sensors lack the ability to integrate joule heating, detect sliding friction, and self-healing. Herein, a MXene/polyurethane (PU) flexible pressure sensor with a self-healing property for joule heating and friction sliding is fabricated. The MXene/PU sensitive layer with special spinosum structure is prepared by a simple spraying method. After face-to-face assembly of the sensitive layers, the MXene/PU flexible pressure sensor is obtained and showed excellent sensitivity (150.65 kPa-1), fast response/recovery speed (75.5/63.9 ms), and good stability (10 000 cycles). Based on the self-healing property of PU, the sensor also has the ability to heal after mechanical damage. In addition, the sensor realizes the joule heating function under low voltage, and has the real-time monitoring ability of sliding objects. Combined with low cost and simple manufacturing method, the multi-functional MXene/PU flexible sensor shows a wide range of application potential in human activity monitoring, thermal management, and slip recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Mengyao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Kun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Huili Sun
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Haonan Xing
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Weijie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Haizhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Physics, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
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8
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Lan R, Zhang J, Chen J, Tang W, Wu Q, Zhou X, Kang X, Wang J, Wang H, Li H. High-Sensitivity Flexible Capacitive Pressure Sensors Based on Biomimetic Hibiscus Flower Microstructures. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:13704-13713. [PMID: 38559999 PMCID: PMC10976407 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The integration of low-dimensional nanomaterials with microscale architectures in flexible pressure sensors has garnered significant interest due to their outstanding performance in healthcare monitoring. However, achieving high sensitivity across different magnitudes of external pressure remains a critical challenge. Herein, we present a high-performance flexible pressure sensor crafted from biomimetic hibiscus flower microstructures coated with silver nanowires. When compared with a flat electrode, these microstructures as electrodes display significantly enhanced sensitivity and an extended stimulus-response range. Furthermore, we utilized an ionic gel film as the dielectric layer, resulting in an enhancement of the overall performance of the flexible pressure sensor through an increase in interfacial capacitance. Consequently, the capacitive pressure sensor exhibits an extraordinary ultrahigh sensitivity of 48.57 [Kpa]-1 within the pressure range of 0-1 Kpa, 15.24 [Kpa]-1 within the pressure range of 1-30 Kpa, and 3.74 [Kpa]-1 within the pressure range of 30-120 Kpa, accompanied by a rapid response time (<58 ms). The exceptional performance of our flexible pressure sensor serves as a foundation for its numerous applications in healthcare monitoring. Notably, the flexible pressure sensor excels not only in detecting subtle physiological signals such as finger and wrist pulse signals, vocal cord vibrations, and breathing intensity but also demonstrates excellent performance in monitoring higher pressures, such as plantar pressure. We foresee that this flexible pressure sensor possesses significant potential in the field of wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghua Lan
- College
of Big Data and Internet, Shenzhen Technology
University, Shenzhen 518118, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen
Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinyong Zhang
- College
of Big Data and Internet, Shenzhen Technology
University, Shenzhen 518118, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Shenzhen
Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Shenzhen
Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingyang Wu
- College
of Big Data and Internet, Shenzhen Technology
University, Shenzhen 518118, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhou
- College
of Big Data and Internet, Shenzhen Technology
University, Shenzhen 518118, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyang Kang
- Institute
of AI and Robotics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education,
School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation
Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Institute
of AI and Robotics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hui Li
- College
of Big Data and Internet, Shenzhen Technology
University, Shenzhen 518118, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen
Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
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9
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Ferreira R, Silva AP, Nunes-Pereira J. Current On-Skin Flexible Sensors, Materials, Manufacturing Approaches, and Study Trends for Health Monitoring: A Review. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1104-1133. [PMID: 38394033 PMCID: PMC10964246 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Due to an ever-increasing amount of the population focusing more on their personal health, thanks to rising living standards, there is a pressing need to improve personal healthcare devices. These devices presently require laborious, time-consuming, and convoluted procedures that heavily rely on cumbersome equipment, causing discomfort and pain for the patients during invasive methods such as sample-gathering, blood sampling, and other traditional benchtop techniques. The solution lies in the development of new flexible sensors with temperature, humidity, strain, pressure, and sweat detection and monitoring capabilities, mimicking some of the sensory capabilities of the skin. In this review, a comprehensive presentation of the themes regarding flexible sensors, chosen materials, manufacturing processes, and trends was made. It was concluded that carbon-based composite materials, along with graphene and its derivates, have garnered significant interest due to their electromechanical stability, extraordinary electrical conductivity, high specific surface area, variety, and relatively low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo
G. Ferreira
- C-MAST, Centre for Mechanical and Aerospace
Science and Technologies, Universidade da
Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d’Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Abílio P. Silva
- C-MAST, Centre for Mechanical and Aerospace
Science and Technologies, Universidade da
Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d’Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - João Nunes-Pereira
- C-MAST, Centre for Mechanical and Aerospace
Science and Technologies, Universidade da
Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d’Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
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10
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Babangida AA, Uddin A, Stephen KT, Yusuf BA, Zhang L, Ge D. A Roadmap from Functional Materials to Plant Health Monitoring (PHM). Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300283. [PMID: 37815087 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Soft bioelectronics have great potential for the early diagnosis of plant diseases and the mitigation of adverse outcomes such as reduced crop yields and stunted growth. Over the past decade, bioelectronic interfaces have evolved into miniaturized conformal electronic devices that integrate flexible monitoring systems with advanced electronic functionality. This development is largely attributable to advances in materials science, and micro/nanofabrication technology. The approach uses the mechanical and electronic properties of functional materials (polymer substrates and sensing elements) to create interfaces for plant monitoring. In addition to ensuring biocompatibility, several other factors need to be considered when developing these interfaces. These include the choice of materials, fabrication techniques, precision, electrical performance, and mechanical stability. In this review, some of the benefits plants can derive from several of the materials used to develop soft bioelectronic interfaces are discussed. The article describes how they can be used to create biocompatible monitoring devices that can enhance plant growth and health. Evaluation of these devices also takes into account features that ensure their long-term durability, sensitivity, and reliability. This article concludes with a discussion of the development of reliable soft bioelectronic systems for plants, which has the potential to advance the field of bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubakar A Babangida
- Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Azim Uddin
- Institute for Composites Science Innovation (InCSI), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Kukwi Tissan Stephen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Bashir Adegbemiga Yusuf
- Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Zhang
- Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214126, China
| | - Daohan Ge
- Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
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11
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Yue D, Shi S, Chen H, Bai L, Wang W, Yang H, Yang L, Wei D. Fabrication of anti-freezing and self-healing nanocomposite hydrogels based on phytic acid and cellulose nanocrystals for high strain sensing applications. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:762-771. [PMID: 38167689 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02482b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
For hydrogel-based flexible sensors, it is a challenge to enhance the stability at sub-zero temperatures while maintaining good self-healing properties. Herein, an anti-freezing nanocomposite hydrogel with self-healing properties and conductivity was designed by introducing cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and phytic acid (PA). The CNCs were grafted with polypyrrole (PPy) by chemical oxidation, which were used as the nanoparticle reinforcement phase to reinforce the mechanical strength of hydrogels (851.8%). PA as a biomass material could form strong hydrogen bond interactions with H2O molecules, endowing hydrogels with prominent anti-freezing properties. Based on the non-covalent interactions, the self-healing rate of the hydrogels reached 92.9% at -15 °C as the content of PA was 40.0 wt%. Hydrogel-based strain sensors displayed high sensitivity (GF = 0.75), rapid response time (350 ms), good conductivity (3.1 S m-1) and stability at -15 °C. Various human movements could be detected by using them, including small (smile and frown) and large changes (elbow and knee bending). This work provides a promising method for the development of flexible wearable sensors that work stably in frigid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqi Yue
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Shaoning Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Hou Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Liangjiu Bai
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Huawei Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Lixia Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Donglei Wei
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Yantai 264025, China.
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12
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Buravets V, Olshtrem A, Burtsev V, Gorin O, Chertopalov S, Chumakov A, Schwartzkopf M, Lancok J, Svorcik V, Lyutakov O, Miliutina E. Plasmon assisted Ti 3C 2T x grafting and surface termination tuning for enhancement of flake stability and humidity sensing performance. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:6837-6846. [PMID: 38059029 PMCID: PMC10696961 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00429e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Humidity sensors play a critical role in monitoring human activities, environmental health, food processing and storage, and many other fields. Recently, some 2D materials, particularly MXenes, have been considered as promising candidates for creating humidity sensors because of their high surface area, surface-to-bulk ratio, and excellent conductivity, arising from the high concentration and mobility of free electrons. In this work, we propose the plasmon-assisted surface modification and termination tuning of common MXene (Ti3C2Tx) to enhance their response to humidity and increase their stability against oxidation. Hydrophobic (-C6H4-CF3) and hydrophilic (-C6H4-COOH) chemical moieties were covalently grafted to the Ti3C2Tx surface using plasmon-mediated diazonium chemistry. In situ Grazing-Incidence Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (GIWAXS) measurements, performed at different humidity levels indicate that surface modification significantly affects penetration of water molecules in Ti3C2Tx films. As a result, the sensitivity of the flakes to the presence of water molecules was significantly altered. Additionally, proposed surface grafting commonly proceeds on the less stable MXene surface sites, where flake oxidation commonly initiates. As a result of the modification, such "weak" and more chemically active sites were blocked and Ti3C2Tx stability was significantly enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Buravets
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology 16628 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Anastasiia Olshtrem
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology 16628 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Vasilii Burtsev
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology 16628 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Oleg Gorin
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology 16628 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Sergii Chertopalov
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Na Slovance 1999/2 18200 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Andrei Chumakov
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg Notkestr. 85 Germany
| | | | - Jan Lancok
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Na Slovance 1999/2 18200 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Vaclav Svorcik
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology 16628 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Oleksiy Lyutakov
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology 16628 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Elena Miliutina
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology 16628 Prague Czech Republic
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13
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Bi S, Hai W, Wang L, Xu K, Chen Q, Chen C, Yu Q, Chen C, Li M, Shao H, Shao G, Jiang J, Chen N. Green One-Step Strategy of Conductive Ink for Active Health Monitoring in Rehabilitation and Early Care. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 38047560 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Conductive ink deposited on flexible substrates through simple methods such as dyeing or printing is one of the most promising approaches for scalable fabrication of wearable electronics. However, excessive chemical additives or a complex preparation process has limited the practical applications of conductive inks. Herein, a highly stable and antibacterial AgNPs/CNT/rGO (SACR) conductive ink with the only assistance of sustainable silk sericin (SS) is developed through a green one-step strategy. SS functions as not only the reductant of silver ions and GO by donating electrons but also the dispersant and stabilizer of CNTs through strong noncovalent interactions. The universality of SACR ink is demonstrated by depositing on various flexible substrates through handwriting, screen-printing, and dyeing techniques; meanwhile, the mechanical reliability between SACR ink and substrates is validated by peeling, bending, and twisting measurements. In addition, the synergistic effects of the multilevel hierarchical 0D/1D/2D structure and abundant interfacial interactions in SACR ink are advantageous to enhancing sensing performance. An SACR ink-based strain sensor and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor are fabricated to detect physical and biochemical indicators, demonstrating the enormous potential of SACR ink in intelligent wearables for active health monitoring in early care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Bi
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wenqing Hai
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | | | - Ke Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Chunhui Chen
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Qinghua Yu
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Minghao Li
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Huiqi Shao
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Guangwei Shao
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jinhua Jiang
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Nanliang Chen
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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14
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Shajari S, Kuruvinashetti K, Komeili A, Sundararaj U. The Emergence of AI-Based Wearable Sensors for Digital Health Technology: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:9498. [PMID: 38067871 PMCID: PMC10708748 DOI: 10.3390/s23239498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Disease diagnosis and monitoring using conventional healthcare services is typically expensive and has limited accuracy. Wearable health technology based on flexible electronics has gained tremendous attention in recent years for monitoring patient health owing to attractive features, such as lower medical costs, quick access to patient health data, ability to operate and transmit data in harsh environments, storage at room temperature, non-invasive implementation, mass scaling, etc. This technology provides an opportunity for disease pre-diagnosis and immediate therapy. Wearable sensors have opened a new area of personalized health monitoring by accurately measuring physical states and biochemical signals. Despite the progress to date in the development of wearable sensors, there are still several limitations in the accuracy of the data collected, precise disease diagnosis, and early treatment. This necessitates advances in applied materials and structures and using artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled wearable sensors to extract target signals for accurate clinical decision-making and efficient medical care. In this paper, we review two significant aspects of smart wearable sensors. First, we offer an overview of the most recent progress in improving wearable sensor performance for physical, chemical, and biosensors, focusing on materials, structural configurations, and transduction mechanisms. Next, we review the use of AI technology in combination with wearable technology for big data processing, self-learning, power-efficiency, real-time data acquisition and processing, and personalized health for an intelligent sensing platform. Finally, we present the challenges and future opportunities associated with smart wearable sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaghayegh Shajari
- Center for Applied Polymers and Nanotechnology (CAPNA), Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N1 N4, Canada;
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics (CBIE), Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics (QSIB), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Kirankumar Kuruvinashetti
- Intelligent Human and Animal Assistive Devices, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (K.K.); (A.K.)
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Amin Komeili
- Intelligent Human and Animal Assistive Devices, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (K.K.); (A.K.)
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Uttandaraman Sundararaj
- Center for Applied Polymers and Nanotechnology (CAPNA), Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N1 N4, Canada;
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15
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Al-Lami SS, Salman AM, Al-Janabi A. Skin-like and highly elastic optical fiber strain sensor based on a knot-bend shape for human motion monitoring. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:8958-8967. [PMID: 38038044 DOI: 10.1364/ao.503000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
A simply designed, highly sensitive, stretchable, compact wearable, and skin-like optical fiber sensing instrument is designed and demonstrated for joint motion monitoring. The fiber sensing scheme comprises only a section of single-mode fiber (SMF) deformed in the knot-like configuration, which performs as a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) based on a modal coupling mechanism between the core and cladding modes of the deformed SMF section. This proposed optical fiber sensor based on a knot-like configuration is mounted onto wearable woven fabric and then garments on the limbs of a healthy human's body. As the flexion angle of the human limb is varied, the interference fringe coding based on the spectral shift difference of the periodical transmission spectra is perceived. The proposed wearable optical fiber sensor exhibits excellent sensitivities from around -0.431 to -0.614n m/∘ realized for elbow and knee joint flexion between a range of motion around 0°-90°. Additionally, this sensor also displays high repeatability and stability and a fast response time of 1.4 ms, combined with a small standard deviation of about 2.585%. The proposed sensor device possesses manufacturing simplicity, high processing accuracy, lightness, and elasticity, as well as certain improvements over other goniometers and optical fiber sensors. These attributes of the proposed sensor prove its applicability for human joint angle monitoring.
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16
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Yang C, Zhang H. A review on machine learning-powered fluorescent and colorimetric sensor arrays for bacteria identification. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:451. [PMID: 37880465 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06021-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors have been widely used for bacteria determination with great success. However, the "lock-and-key" methodology used by biosensors to identify bacteria has a significant limitation: it can only detect one species of bacteria. In recent years, optical (fluorescent and colorimetric) sensor arrays are gradually gaining attention from researchers as a new type of biosensor. They can acquire multiple features of a target simultaneously, form a feature pattern, and determine the bacteria species with the help of pattern recognition/machine learning algorithms. Previous reviews in this area have focused on the interaction between the sensor array and bacteria or the materials used to make the sensors. This review, on the other hand, will provide researchers with a better understanding of the field by discussing fluorescent and colorimetric sensor arrays based on the mechanism of optical signal generation. These sensor arrays will be compared based on the identified species. Finally, we will discuss the limitations of these sensor arrays and explore possible solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changmao Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Houjin Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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17
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Che Lah NA, Murthy P. Elucidating the modified performance of high nuclearity of Cu nanostructures-PTFE thin film. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18049. [PMID: 37872201 PMCID: PMC10593933 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45478-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to attain an extensive insight on the performance mechanism that is associated with the formation of Cu nanostructures- polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) thin film. The work presented Cu nanostructures synthesised via microwave-assisted method at different Cu precursor concentrations to observe the influence of different average particle diameter distribution, [Formula: see text] of Cu nanostructures on the fabricated Cu nano thin film. The thin films of Cu nanostructures with a layer of PTFE were fabricated using the Meyer rod coating method. Evaluating the effect of Cu nanostructures at different [Formula: see text] with overcoated PTFE layer showed that the resistance of fabricated thin film coated with PTFE is not significantly different from that of the uncoated thin film. The results implicate the influence of the PTFE layer towards the output performance, which can maintain a stable and constant resistance over time without affecting the original properties of pure Cu nanostructures, although some of the Cu nanostructures seep into the layer of PTFE. The novelty of this study lies in the effect of the intrinsic interaction between the layer of Cu nanostructure and PTFE, which modulate the performance, especially in photovoltaic cell application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Akmal Che Lah
- Center for Advanced Intelligent Materials, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia.
- Faculty of Manufacturing and Mechatronics Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, 26600, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Puhanes Murthy
- Center for Advanced Intelligent Materials, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
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18
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Li S, Li H, Lu Y, Zhou M, Jiang S, Du X, Guo C. Advanced Textile-Based Wearable Biosensors for Healthcare Monitoring. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:909. [PMID: 37887102 PMCID: PMC10605256 DOI: 10.3390/bios13100909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
With the innovation of wearable technology and the rapid development of biosensors, wearable biosensors based on flexible textile materials have become a hot topic. Such textile-based wearable biosensors promote the development of health monitoring, motion detection and medical management, and they have become an important support tool for human healthcare monitoring. Textile-based wearable biosensors not only non-invasively monitor various physiological indicators of the human body in real time, but they also provide accurate feedback of individual health information. This review examines the recent research progress of fabric-based wearable biosensors. Moreover, materials, detection principles and fabrication methods for textile-based wearable biosensors are introduced. In addition, the applications of biosensors in monitoring vital signs and detecting body fluids are also presented. Finally, we also discuss several challenges faced by textile-based wearable biosensors and the direction of future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Li
- School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (M.Z.); (S.J.)
- CCZU-ARK Institute of Carbon Materials, Nanjing 210012, China
| | - Huan Li
- School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (M.Z.); (S.J.)
| | - Yongcai Lu
- School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (M.Z.); (S.J.)
| | - Minhao Zhou
- School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (M.Z.); (S.J.)
| | - Sai Jiang
- School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (M.Z.); (S.J.)
| | - Xiaosong Du
- School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (M.Z.); (S.J.)
| | - Chang Guo
- CCZU-ARK Institute of Carbon Materials, Nanjing 210012, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Rail Transit, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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19
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Fan Z, Lu L, Sang M, Wu J, Wang X, Xu F, Gong X, Luo T, Leung KC, Xuan S. Wearable Safeguarding Leather Composite with Excellent Sensing, Thermal Management, and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302412. [PMID: 37424041 PMCID: PMC10502653 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
This work illustrates a "soft-toughness" coupling design method to integrate the shear stiffening gel (SSG), natural leather, and nonwoven fabrics (NWF) for preparing leather/MXene/SSG/NWF (LMSN) composite with high anti-impact protecting, piezoresistive sensing, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and human thermal management performance. Owing to the porous fiber structure of the leather, the MXene nanosheets can penetrate leather to construct a stable 3D conductive network; thus both the LM and LMSN composites exhibit superior conductivity, high Joule heating temperature, and an efficient EMI shielding effectiveness. Due to the excellent energy absorption of the SSG, the LMSN composites possess a huge force-buffering (about 65.5%), superior energy dissipation (above 50%), and a high limit penetration velocity of 91 m s-1 , showing extraordinary anti-impact performance. Interestingly, LMSN composites possess an unconventional opposite sensing behavior to piezoresistive sensing (resistance reduction) and impact stimulation (resistance growing), thus they can distinguish the low and high energy stimulus. Ultimately, a soft protective vest with thermal management and impact monitoring performance is further fabricated, and it shows a typical wireless impact-sensing performance. This method is expected to have broad application potential in the next-generation wearable electronic devices for human safeguarding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of MaterialsDepartment of Modern MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of China (USTC)Hefei230027China
| | - Liang Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230036P. R. China
| | - Min Sang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of MaterialsDepartment of Modern MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of China (USTC)Hefei230027China
| | - Jianpeng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of MaterialsDepartment of Modern MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of China (USTC)Hefei230027China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of MaterialsDepartment of Modern MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of China (USTC)Hefei230027China
| | - Feng Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of MaterialsDepartment of Modern MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of China (USTC)Hefei230027China
| | - Xinglong Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of MaterialsDepartment of Modern MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of China (USTC)Hefei230027China
| | - Tianzhi Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of MaterialsDepartment of Modern MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of China (USTC)Hefei230027China
| | - Ken Cham‐Fai Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological AnalysisDepartment of ChemistryThe Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloonHong Kong SAR999077P. R. China
| | - Shouhu Xuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of MaterialsDepartment of Modern MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of China (USTC)Hefei230027China
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20
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Liu Y, Li J, Xiao S, Liu Y, Bai M, Gong L, Zhao J, Chen D. Revolutionizing Precision Medicine: Exploring Wearable Sensors for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Personalized Therapy. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:726. [PMID: 37504123 PMCID: PMC10377150 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Precision medicine, particularly therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), is essential for optimizing drug dosage and minimizing toxicity. However, current TDM methods have limitations, including the need for skilled operators, patient discomfort, and the inability to monitor dynamic drug level changes. In recent years, wearable sensors have emerged as a promising solution for drug monitoring. These sensors offer real-time and continuous measurement of drug concentrations in biofluids, enabling personalized medicine and reducing the risk of toxicity. This review provides an overview of drugs detectable by wearable sensors and explores biosensing technologies that can enable drug monitoring in the future. It presents a comparative analysis of multiple biosensing technologies and evaluates their strengths and limitations for integration into wearable detection systems. The promising capabilities of wearable sensors for real-time and continuous drug monitoring offer revolutionary advancements in diagnostic tools, supporting personalized medicine and optimal therapeutic effects. Wearable sensors are poised to become essential components of healthcare systems, catering to the diverse needs of patients and reducing healthcare costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Junmin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Shenghao Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Mingxia Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Lixiu Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jiaqian Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Dajing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310007, China
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21
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Zhao Y, Chen G, Zhao Y, Li M, Zhang N, Wen J, Zhou N, Li S, Mao H, Huang C. Wafer-Level, High-Performance, Flexible Sensors Based on Organic Nanoforests for Human-Machine Interactions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37307295 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High-performance flexible sensors are essential for real-time information analysis and constructing noncontact communication modules for emerging human-machine interactions. In these applications, batch fabrication of sensors that exhibit high performance at the wafer level is in high demand. Here, we present organic nanoforest-based humidity sensor (NFHS) arrays on a 6 in. flexible substrate prepared via a facile, cost-effective manufacturing approach. Such an NFHS achieves state-of-the-art overall performance: high sensitivity and fast recovery time; the best properties are at a small device footprint. The high sensitivity (8.84 pF/% RH) and fast response time (5 s) of the as-fabricated organic nanoforests are attributed to the abundant hydrophilic groups, the ultra-large surface area with a huge number of nanopores, and the vertically distributed structures beneficial to the transfer of molecules up and down. The NFHS also exhibits excellent long-term stability (90 days), superior mechanical flexibility, and good performance repeatability after bending. With these superiorities, the NFHS is further applied as a smart noncontact switch, and the NFHS array is used as the motion trajectory tracker. The wafer-level batch fabrication capability of our NFHS provides a potential strategy for developing practical applications of such humidity sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefang Zhao
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Guidong Chen
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yaqian Zhao
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Mao Li
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wen
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Na Zhou
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shaojuan Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, P. R. China
| | - Haiyang Mao
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chengjun Huang
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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22
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Levin A, Gong S, Cheng W. Wearable Smart Bandage-Based Bio-Sensors. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13040462. [PMID: 37185537 PMCID: PMC10136806 DOI: 10.3390/bios13040462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Bandage is a well-established industry, whereas wearable electronics is an emerging industry. This review presents the bandage as the base of wearable bioelectronics. It begins with introducing a detailed background to bandages and the development of bandage-based smart sensors, which is followed by a sequential discussion of the technical characteristics of the existing bandages, a more practical methodology for future applications, and manufacturing processes of bandage-based wearable biosensors. The review then elaborates on the advantages of basing the next generation of wearables, such as acceptance by the customers and system approvals, and disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arie Levin
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Shu Gong
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Wenlong Cheng
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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23
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Wang Y, Fu J, Xu J, Hu H, Ho D. Atomic Plasma Grafting: Precise Control of Functional Groups on Ti 3C 2T x MXene for Room Temperature Gas Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:12232-12239. [PMID: 36812910 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Gas sensing properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials are derived from charge transfer between the analyte and surface functional groups. However, for sensing films consisting of 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets, the precise control of surface functional groups for achieving optimal gas sensing performance and the associate mechanism are still far from well understood. Herein, we present a functional group engineering strategy based on plasma exposure for optimizing the gas sensing performance of Ti3C2Tx MXene. For performance assessment and sensing mechanism elucidation, we synthesize few-layered Ti3C2Tx MXene through liquid exfoliation and then graft functional groups via in situ plasma treatment. Functionalized Ti3C2Tx MXene with large amounts of -O functional groups shows NO2 sensing properties that are unprecedented among MXene-based gas sensors. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that -O functional groups are associated with increased NO2 adsorption energy, thereby enhancing charge transport. The -O functionalized Ti3C2Tx sensor shows a record-breaking response of 13.8% toward 10 ppm NO2, good selectivity, and long-term stability at room temperature. The proposed technique is also capable of improving selectivity, a well-known challenge in chemoresistive gas sensing. This work paves the way to the possibility of using plasma grafting for precise functionalization of MXene surfaces toward practical realization of electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jimin Fu
- Nanotechnology Center, Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jiangang Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Haibo Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Derek Ho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong 999077, China
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24
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Ismail SNA, Nayan NA, Mohammad Haniff MAS, Jaafar R, May Z. Wearable Two-Dimensional Nanomaterial-Based Flexible Sensors for Blood Pressure Monitoring: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:852. [PMID: 36903730 PMCID: PMC10005058 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flexible sensors have been extensively employed in wearable technologies for physiological monitoring given the technological advancement in recent years. Conventional sensors made of silicon or glass substrates may be limited by their rigid structures, bulkiness, and incapability for continuous monitoring of vital signs, such as blood pressure (BP). Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have received considerable attention in the fabrication of flexible sensors due to their large surface-area-to-volume ratio, high electrical conductivity, cost effectiveness, flexibility, and light weight. This review discusses the transduction mechanisms, namely, piezoelectric, capacitive, piezoresistive, and triboelectric, of flexible sensors. Several 2D nanomaterials used as sensing elements for flexible BP sensors are reviewed in terms of their mechanisms, materials, and sensing performance. Previous works on wearable BP sensors are presented, including epidermal patches, electronic tattoos, and commercialized BP patches. Finally, the challenges and future outlook of this emerging technology are addressed for non-invasive and continuous BP monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nor Ashikin Ismail
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nazrul Anuar Nayan
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute Islam Hadhari, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Rosmina Jaafar
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zazilah May
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
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25
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Hu B, Kang X, Xu S, Zhu J, Yang L, Jiang C. Multiplex Chroma Response Wearable Hydrogel Patch: Visual Monitoring of Urea in Body Fluids for Health Prognosis. Anal Chem 2023; 95:3587-3595. [PMID: 36753619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Visual wearable devices can rapid intuitively monitor biomarkers in body fluids to indicate the human health status and provide valuable reference for further medical diagnosis. However, unavoidable interference factors such as skin color, natural light, and background luminescence can interfere with the visualization accuracy of flexible wearable devices, limiting their practical sensing application. Here, we designed a wearable sensing patch via an embedded upconversion optical probe in a 3D porous polyacrylamide hydrogel, exhibiting a multiplex chroma response to urea based on the inner filter effect, which overcomes the susceptibility to external conditions due to its near-infrared excited luminescence and improves the resolution and accuracy of visual sensing. Furthermore, a highly compatible portable sensing platform combined with a smartphone was designed to achieve in situ rapid quantitative analysis of urea. The limit of detection values of the upconversion optical probe and hydrogel sensor are as low as 1.4 and 30 μM respectively, exhibiting the practicality in different scenarios. The designed sensing patch provides a convenient and accurate sensing strategy for the detection of biomarkers in body fluids and has the potential to be developed into a point-of-care device to provide disease early warning and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hu
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaohui Kang
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shihao Xu
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Changlong Jiang
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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26
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Kaur B, Kumar S, Kaushik BK. Novel Wearable Optical Sensors for Vital Health Monitoring Systems-A Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13020181. [PMID: 36831947 PMCID: PMC9954035 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Wearable sensors are pioneering devices to monitor health issues that allow the constant monitoring of physical and biological parameters. The immunity towards electromagnetic interference, miniaturization, detection of nano-volumes, integration with fiber, high sensitivity, low cost, usable in harsh environments and corrosion-resistant have made optical wearable sensor an emerging sensing technology in the recent year. This review presents the progress made in the development of novel wearable optical sensors for vital health monitoring systems. The details of different substrates, sensing platforms, and biofluids used for the detection of target molecules are discussed in detail. Wearable technologies could increase the quality of health monitoring systems at a nominal cost and enable continuous and early disease diagnosis. Various optical sensing principles, including surface-enhanced Raman scattering, colorimetric, fluorescence, plasmonic, photoplethysmography, and interferometric-based sensors, are discussed in detail for health monitoring applications. The performance of optical wearable sensors utilizing two-dimensional materials is also discussed. Future challenges associated with the development of optical wearable sensors for point-of-care applications and clinical diagnosis have been thoroughly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baljinder Kaur
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, School of Physics Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (B.K.K.)
| | - Brajesh Kumar Kaushik
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (B.K.K.)
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27
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Yang H, Hu Y, Yin X, Huang J, Qiao C, Hu Z, He C, Huo D, Hou C. A disposable and sensitive non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on a 3D-Mn-doped NiO nanoflower-modified flexible electrode. Analyst 2023; 148:153-162. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an01495e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Herein, Mn-doped NiO nano-enzyme composites with high catalytic performance and excellent conductivity were grown on 3D CFC via hydrothermal and calcination methods to construct an efficient flexible glucose sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huisi Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yian Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xinxue Yin
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jiaqing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Cailin Qiao
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhikun Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Congjuan He
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Danqun Huo
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-perception & Intelligent Information Processing, School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Changjun Hou
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Liquor Making Biology Technology and Application of Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, 643000, PR China
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28
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Silva-Neto HA, Arantes IV, Ferreira AL, do Nascimento GH, Meloni GN, de Araujo WR, Paixão TR, Coltro WK. Recent advances on paper-based microfluidic devices for bioanalysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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29
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Zhao Y, Li X, Yuan T, Huang S, Jiang R, Duan X, Li L, Li X, Zhang W. An ultra-thin flexible wearable sensor with multi-response capability prepared from ZIF-67 and conductive metal-organic framework composites for health signal monitoring. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:4593-4602. [PMID: 36325953 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00921h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Simulation of somatosensory systems in human skin with electronic devices has broad applications in the development of intelligent robots and wearable electronic devices. Here, we give an account of a new biomimetic flexible dual-mode pressure sensor, which is based on the first developed sea dandelion-like conductive metal-organic framework (cZIF-67@Cu-CAT) and the self-synthesized mechanically luminescent zinc sulfide nanoparticles and cleverly combines the microdome structure of the lotus leaf. According to finite element simulation analysis (FEA), the deformation behavior and pressure distribution of the contact interface with dandelion-like nanostructures cause the contact area of the sensor to increase rapidly and steadily with the load. It is for this reason that the piezoresistive pressure sensor has a high sensitivity of 71.74 kPa-1 over a wide range of 0.5 to 80 kPa. More importantly, it can roughly perceive stress changes in the external environment through mechanoluminescence materials without a power supply. The ultra-thin flexible pressure sensor is suitable for sensitive monitoring of small vibrations, including wrist pulse and joint motion. Combined with Bluetooth data transmission, it is not difficult to see that the high-sensitivity ultra-thin sensor designed in this study has broad potential in the applications of bio-wearable electronics and will play an immeasurable role in various sports training and joint protection in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Zhao
- Province-Ministry Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Metrology Instrument and System, College of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Xiang Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Metrology Instrument and System, College of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Tian Yuan
- Province-Ministry Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Shuhong Huang
- Province-Ministry Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Ronghui Jiang
- Province-Ministry Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Xuefei Duan
- Province-Ministry Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Ling Li
- Province-Ministry Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Xiaoting Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Metrology Instrument and System, College of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Province-Ministry Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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30
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Jia S, Gao H, Xue Z, Meng X. Recent Advances in Multifunctional Wearable Sensors and Systems: Design, Fabrication, and Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12111057. [PMID: 36421175 PMCID: PMC9688294 DOI: 10.3390/bios12111057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional wearable sensors and systems are of growing interest over the past decades because of real-time health monitoring and disease diagnosis capability. Owing to the tremendous efforts of scientists, wearable sensors and systems with attractive advantages such as flexibility, comfort, and long-term stability have been developed, which are widely used in temperature monitoring, pulse wave detection, gait pattern analysis, etc. Due to the complexity of human physiological signals, it is necessary to measure multiple physiological information simultaneously to evaluate human health comprehensively. This review summarizes the recent advances in multifunctional wearable sensors, including single sensors with various functions, planar integrated sensors, three-dimensional assembled sensors, and stacked integrated sensors. The design strategy, manufacturing method, and potential application of each type of sensor are discussed. Finally, we offer an outlook on future developments and provide perspectives on the remaining challenges and opportunities of wearable multifunctional sensing technology.
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31
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Yao D, Tang Z, Liang Z, Zhang L, Sun QJ, Fan J, Zhong G, Liu QX, Jiang YP, Tang XG, A. L. Roy V, Ouyang J. Adhesive, multifunctional, and wearable electronics based on MXene-coated textile for personal heating systems, electromagnetic interference shielding, and pressure sensing. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 630:23-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Ramachandran B, Liao YC. Microfluidic wearable electrochemical sweat sensors for health monitoring. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2022; 16:051501. [PMID: 36186757 PMCID: PMC9520469 DOI: 10.1063/5.0116648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Research on remote health monitoring through wearable sensors has attained popularity in recent decades mainly due to aging population and expensive health care services. Microfluidic wearable sweat sensors provide economical, non-invasive mode of sample collection, important physiological information, and continuous tracking of human health. Recent advances in wearable sensors focus on electrochemical monitoring of biomarkers in sweat and can be applicable in various fields like fitness monitoring, nutrition, and medical diagnosis. This review focuses on the evolution of wearable devices from benchtop electrochemical systems to microfluidic-based wearable sensors. Major classification of wearable sensors like skin contact-based and biofluidic-based sensors are discussed. Furthermore, sweat chemistry and related biomarkers are explained in addition to integration of microfluidic systems in wearable sweat sensors. At last, recent advances in wearable electrochemical sweat sensors are discussed, which includes tattoo-based, paper microfluidics, patches, wrist band, and belt-based wearable sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Ramachandran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chih Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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33
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Ates HC, Nguyen PQ, Gonzalez-Macia L, Morales-Narváez E, Güder F, Collins JJ, Dincer C. End-to-end design of wearable sensors. NATURE REVIEWS. MATERIALS 2022; 7:887-907. [PMID: 35910814 PMCID: PMC9306444 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-022-00460-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Wearable devices provide an alternative pathway to clinical diagnostics by exploiting various physical, chemical and biological sensors to mine physiological (biophysical and/or biochemical) information in real time (preferably, continuously) and in a non-invasive or minimally invasive manner. These sensors can be worn in the form of glasses, jewellery, face masks, wristwatches, fitness bands, tattoo-like devices, bandages or other patches, and textiles. Wearables such as smartwatches have already proved their capability for the early detection and monitoring of the progression and treatment of various diseases, such as COVID-19 and Parkinson disease, through biophysical signals. Next-generation wearable sensors that enable the multimodal and/or multiplexed measurement of physical parameters and biochemical markers in real time and continuously could be a transformative technology for diagnostics, allowing for high-resolution and time-resolved historical recording of the health status of an individual. In this Review, we examine the building blocks of such wearable sensors, including the substrate materials, sensing mechanisms, power modules and decision-making units, by reflecting on the recent developments in the materials, engineering and data science of these components. Finally, we synthesize current trends in the field to provide predictions for the future trajectory of wearable sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Ceren Ates
- FIT Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Q. Nguyen
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Eden Morales-Narváez
- Biophotonic Nanosensors Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica, León, Mexico
| | - Firat Güder
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - James J. Collins
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA USA
- Institute of Medical Engineering & Science, Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Can Dincer
- FIT Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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34
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Sang S, Pei Z, Zhang F, Ji C, Li Q, Ji J, Yang K, Zhang Q. Three-Dimensional Printed Bimodal Electronic Skin with High Resolution and Breathability for Hair Growth. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:31493-31501. [PMID: 35767549 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
People with neurological deficits face difficulties perceiving their surroundings, resulting in an urgent need for wearable electronic skin (e-skin) that can monitor external stimuli and temperature changes. However, the monolithic structure of e-skin is not conducive to breathability and hinders hair growth, limiting its wearing comfort. In this work, we prepared fully three-dimensional (3D) printed e-skin that allowed hair penetration and growth. This e-skin also achieved simultaneous pressure and temperature detection and a high tactile resolution of 100 cm-2, which is close to that of human fingertips. The temperature sensor maintained linear measurements within 10-60 °C. The pore microstructure prepared by a sacrificial template method helped the pressure-sensing unit achieve a high sensitivity of 0.213 kPa-1. Considering the distribution of human hair, the design of the main structure of the e-skin was studied to realize hair penetration and growth. High-performance pressure-sensitive inks and transparent flexible substrate inks for 3D printing were developed, and e-skins combining these functions were realized through multimaterial in situ 3D printing with high accuracy and high consistency. The temperature and pressure sensors separately performed simultaneous detection without interference, and the tactile sensor array accurately identified stimuli at different locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbo Sang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Zhen Pei
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117575 Singapore
| | - Fan Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Shanxi Research Institute of 6D Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Science, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Chao Ji
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Jianlong Ji
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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Li W, Wang C, Shao D, Lu L, Cao J, Wang X, Lu J, Yang W. Red carbon dot directed biocrystalline alignment for piezoelectric energy harvesting. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:9031-9044. [PMID: 35703451 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01457b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, using chitin-derived chitosan, we first demonstrate the luminous carbon dot-directed large-scale biocrystalline piezo-phase alignment. This further significantly facilitates the piezo-energy harvesting of Earth-abundant natural biopolymers. A very small, yet moderate, number of red-emission carbon quantum dots (R-CQDs) allow a highly preferential macroscopic alignment of chitosan based, electrospun hybrid nanofibers and a highly preferential microscopic alignment of internal chitosan piezo-phase crystalline lamellae. Meanwhile, R-CQD hybridized bionanofibers maintain the long-wavelength photoluminescence excitation/emission of encapsulated, monodisperse R-CQDs. The piezoelectric voltage output and piezoelectric current output of hybrid bionanofibers reach up to 125 V cm-3 and 1.5 μA cm-3, respectively. They are more than 5 and 6 times higher than those of the state-of-the-art pristine ones, respectively. Moreover, the proof-of-concept red-emission bionanofibrous piezoelectric nanogenerator shows a highly durable, highly stable, and highly reproducible piezoresponse in over 10 000 continuous load cycles. As a reliable renewable energy source, it demonstrates the fast charging of external capacitors and the direct operation of commercial electronics. In particular, as a self-powered wearable tactile healthcare sensor, it attains ultrahigh mechanosensitivity in sensing a broad range of human biophysiological pressures and strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China.
| | - Chuanfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China.
| | - Dingyun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China.
| | - Liang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jingjing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xuanlun Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China.
| | - Weiqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China.
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Lu Y, Wang J, He J, Zou L, Zhao D, Song S. Waste Silicone Rubber in Three-Dimensional Conductive Networks as a Temperature and Movement Sensor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:29250-29260. [PMID: 35726848 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c06524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Constructing a three-dimensional (3D) conductive network in a polymer matrix is a common method for preparing flexible sensors. However, the previously reported methods for constructing a 3D conductive network generally have shortcomings such as uncontrollable processes and insufficient network continuity, which limit the practical application of this method. In this work, we report a method for constructing a dual 3D conductive network. The carbon nanotube/graphene oxide co-continuous network (primary network) was introduced on the surface of the waste silicone rubber particles (WSRPs) through the adhesion of polydopamine (PDA), and then WSRPs were bonded into a porous skeleton using nanocellulose. The carbon fiber/carbon ball interconnection network (secondary network) was constructed in liquid silicone rubber (LSR) through the interaction of host-guest dendrimers and was filled into the WSRP skeleton. The dual 3D conductive network structure endowed the sensor with high electrical and thermal conductivity, outstanding stability, and excellent durability. In addition, the sensor showed high strain sensitivity and excellent stability when detecting human body temperature and motion behavior, and the pressure distribution can be spatially mapped through the sensor matrix. These demonstrations give our sensor high potential in the fields of smart devices, body monitoring, and human-machine interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwei He
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongqing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqiang Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
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Room-temperature high-precision printing of flexible wireless electronics based on MXene inks. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3223. [PMID: 35680851 PMCID: PMC9184614 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30648-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Wireless technologies-supported printed flexible electronics are crucial for the Internet of Things (IoTs), human-machine interaction, wearable and biomedical applications. However, the challenges to existing printing approaches remain, such as low printing precision, difficulty in conformal printing, complex ink formulations and processes. Here we present a room-temperature direct printing strategy for flexible wireless electronics, where distinct high-performance functional modules (e.g., antennas, micro-supercapacitors, and sensors) can be fabricated with high resolution and further integrated on various flat/curved substrates. The additive-free titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXene aqueous inks are regulated with large single-layer ratio (>90%) and narrow flake size distribution, offering metallic conductivity (~6, 900 S cm−1) in the ultrafine-printed tracks (3 μm line gap and 0.43% spatial uniformity) without annealing. In particular, we build an all-MXene-printed integrated system capable of wireless communication, energy harvesting, and smart sensing. This work opens a door for high-precision additive manufacturing of printed wireless electronics at room temperature. High-precision printing of flexible wireless electronics has not been achieved before. Here, the authors leverage a room-temperature direct printing strategy to realize an all-MXene-printed integrated system capable of wireless communication, energy harvesting, and smart sensing.
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He J, Shi F, Liu Q, Pang Y, He D, Sun W, Peng L, Yang J, Qu M. Wearable superhydrophobic PPy/MXene pressure sensor based on cotton fabric with superior sensitivity for human detection and information transmission. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Preparation of a Vertical Graphene-Based Pressure Sensor Using PECVD at a Low Temperature. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13050681. [PMID: 35630148 PMCID: PMC9146447 DOI: 10.3390/mi13050681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors have received much attention due to their widespread potential applications in electronic skins, health monitoring, and human-machine interfaces. Graphene and its derivatives hold great promise for two-dimensional sensing materials, owing to their superior properties, such as atomically thin, transparent, and flexible structure. The high performance of most graphene-based pressure piezoresistive sensors relies excessively on the preparation of complex, post-growth transfer processes. However, the majority of dielectric substrates cannot hold in high temperatures, which can induce contamination and structural defects. Herein, a credibility strategy is reported for directly growing high-quality vertical graphene (VG) on a flexible and stretchable mica paper dielectric substrate with individual interdigital electrodes in plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), which assists in inducing electric field, resulting in a flexible, touchable pressure sensor with low power consumption and portability. Benefitting from its vertically directed graphene microstructure, the graphene-based sensor shows superior properties of high sensitivity (4.84 KPa-1) and a maximum pressure range of 120 KPa, as well as strong stability (5000 cycles), which makes it possible to detect small pulse pressure and provide options for preparation of pressure sensors in the future.
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40
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Kausar A. State-of-the-art of polymer/nanowall nanocomposite: fundamental—to—leading-edge application. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2021.2015775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Kausar
- Nanosciences Division, National Center for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Chen X, Shi J, Wang T, Zheng S, Lv W, Chen X, Yang J, Zeng M, Hu N, Su Y, Wei H, Zhou Z, Yang Z. High-Performance Wearable Sensor Inspired by the Neuron Conduction Mechanism through Gold-Induced Sulfur Vacancies. ACS Sens 2022; 7:816-826. [PMID: 35188381 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Practical application of wearable gas-sensing devices has been greatly inhibited by the poorly sensitive and specific recognition of target gases. Rapid charge transfer caused by rich sensory neurons in the biological olfactory system has inspired the construction of a highly sensitive sensor network with abundant defect sites for adsorption. Herein, for the first time, we demonstrate an in situ formed neuron-mimic gas sensor in a single gas-sensing channel, which is derived from lattice deviation of S atoms in Bi2S3 nanosheets induced by gold quantum dots. Due to the favorable gas adsorption and charge transfer properties arising from S vacancies, the fabricated sensor exhibits a significantly enhanced response value of 5.6-5 ppm NO2, ultrafast response/recovery performance (18 and 338 s), and excellent selectivity. Furthermore, real-time visual detection of target gases has been accomplished by integrating the flexible sensor into a wearable device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Institute of Marine Equipment, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jia Shi
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Institute of Marine Equipment, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Institute of Marine Equipment, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Shuyue Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Wen Lv
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Institute of Marine Equipment, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xiyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Institute of Marine Equipment, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Institute of Marine Equipment, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Min Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Institute of Marine Equipment, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Nantao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Institute of Marine Equipment, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yanjie Su
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Institute of Marine Equipment, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Institute of Marine Equipment, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhihua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Institute of Marine Equipment, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Institute of Marine Equipment, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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Application of Wearable Sensors in Actuation and Control of Powered Ankle Exoskeletons: A Comprehensive Review. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22062244. [PMID: 35336413 PMCID: PMC8954890 DOI: 10.3390/s22062244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Powered ankle exoskeletons (PAEs) are robotic devices developed for gait assistance, rehabilitation, and augmentation. To fulfil their purposes, PAEs vastly rely heavily on their sensor systems. Human–machine interface sensors collect the biomechanical signals from the human user to inform the higher level of the control hierarchy about the user’s locomotion intention and requirement, whereas machine–machine interface sensors monitor the output of the actuation unit to ensure precise tracking of the high-level control commands via the low-level control scheme. The current article aims to provide a comprehensive review of how wearable sensor technology has contributed to the actuation and control of the PAEs developed over the past two decades. The control schemes and actuation principles employed in the reviewed PAEs, as well as their interaction with the integrated sensor systems, are investigated in this review. Further, the role of wearable sensors in overcoming the main challenges in developing fully autonomous portable PAEs is discussed. Finally, a brief discussion on how the recent technology advancements in wearable sensors, including environment—machine interface sensors, could promote the future generation of fully autonomous portable PAEs is provided.
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Integration of Different Graphene Nanostructures with PDMS to Form Wearable Sensors. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12060950. [PMID: 35335764 PMCID: PMC8949288 DOI: 10.3390/nano12060950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a substantial review of the fabrication and implementation of graphene-PDMS-based composites for wearable sensing applications. Graphene is a pivotal nanomaterial which is increasingly being used to develop multifunctional sensors due to their enhanced electrical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics. It has been able to generate devices with excellent performances in terms of sensitivity and longevity. Among the polymers, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been one of the most common ones that has been used in biomedical applications. Certain attributes, such as biocompatibility and the hydrophobic nature of PDMS, have led the researchers to conjugate it in graphene sensors as substrates or a polymer matrix. The use of these graphene/PDMS-based sensors for wearable sensing applications has been highlighted here. Different kinds of electrochemical and strain-sensing applications have been carried out to detect the physiological signals and parameters of the human body. These prototypes have been classified based on the physical nature of graphene used to formulate the sensors. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives of these graphene/PDMS-based wearable sensors are explained in the final part of the paper.
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Recent Trends in Graphene/Polymer Nanocomposites for Sensing Devices: Synthesis and Applications in Environmental and Human Health Monitoring. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14051030. [PMID: 35267853 PMCID: PMC8914833 DOI: 10.3390/polym14051030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene-based nanocomposites are largely explored for the development of sensing devices due to the excellent electrical and mechanical properties of graphene. These properties, in addition to its large specific surface area, make graphene attractive for a wide range of chemical functionalization and immobilization of (bio)molecules. Several techniques based on both top-down and bottom-up approaches are available for the fabrication of graphene fillers in pristine and functionalized forms. These fillers can be further modified to enhance their integration with polymeric matrices and substrates and to tailor the sensing efficiency of the overall nanocomposite material. In this review article, we summarize recent trends in the design and fabrication of graphene/polymer nanocomposites (GPNs) with sensing properties that can be successfully applied in environmental and human health monitoring. Functional GPNs with sensing ability towards gas molecules, humidity, and ultraviolet radiation can be generated using graphene nanosheets decorated with metallic or metal oxide nanoparticles. These nanocomposites were shown to be effective in the detection of ammonia, benzene/toluene gases, and water vapor in the environment. In addition, biological analytes with broad implications for human health, such as nucleic bases or viral genes, can also be detected using sensitive, graphene-based polymer nanocomposites. Here, the role of the biomolecules that are immobilized on the graphene nanomaterial as target for sensing is reviewed.
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Sim D, Brothers MC, Slocik JM, Islam AE, Maruyama B, Grigsby CC, Naik RR, Kim SS. Biomarkers and Detection Platforms for Human Health and Performance Monitoring: A Review. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104426. [PMID: 35023321 PMCID: PMC8895156 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Human health and performance monitoring (HHPM) is imperative to provide information necessary for protecting, sustaining, evaluating, and improving personnel in various occupational sectors, such as industry, academy, sports, recreation, and military. While various commercially wearable sensors are on the market with their capability of "quantitative assessments" on human health, physical, and psychological states, their sensing is mostly based on physical traits, and thus lacks precision in HHPM. Minimally or noninvasive biomarkers detectable from the human body, such as body fluid (e.g., sweat, tear, urine, and interstitial fluid), exhaled breath, and skin surface, can provide abundant additional information to the HHPM. Detecting these biomarkers with novel or existing sensor technologies is emerging as critical human monitoring research. This review provides a broad perspective on the state of the art biosensor technologies for HHPM, including the list of biomarkers and their physiochemical/physical characteristics, fundamental sensing principles, and high-performance sensing transducers. Further, this paper expands to the additional scope on the key technical challenges in applying the current HHPM system to the real field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sim
- Air Force Research Laboratory711th Human Performance WingWright‐Patterson Air Force BaseOH 45433USA
- Research Associateship Program (RAP)the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and MedicineWashingtonDC20001USA
- Integrative Health & Performance Sciences DivisionUES Inc.DaytonOH45432USA
| | - Michael C. Brothers
- Air Force Research Laboratory711th Human Performance WingWright‐Patterson Air Force BaseOH 45433USA
- Integrative Health & Performance Sciences DivisionUES Inc.DaytonOH45432USA
| | - Joseph M. Slocik
- Air Force Research LaboratoryMaterials and Manufacturing DirectorateWright‐Patterson Air Force BaseOH 45433USA
| | - Ahmad E. Islam
- Air Force Research LaboratorySensors DirectorateWright‐Patterson Air Force BaseOH 45433USA
| | - Benji Maruyama
- Air Force Research LaboratoryMaterials and Manufacturing DirectorateWright‐Patterson Air Force BaseOH 45433USA
| | - Claude C. Grigsby
- Air Force Research Laboratory711th Human Performance WingWright‐Patterson Air Force BaseOH 45433USA
| | - Rajesh R. Naik
- Air Force Research Laboratory711th Human Performance WingWright‐Patterson Air Force BaseOH 45433USA
| | - Steve S. Kim
- Air Force Research Laboratory711th Human Performance WingWright‐Patterson Air Force BaseOH 45433USA
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Tachibana S, Wang YF, Sekine T, Takeda Y, Hong J, Yoshida A, Abe M, Miura R, Watanabe Y, Kumaki D, Tokito S. A Printed Flexible Humidity Sensor with High Sensitivity and Fast Response Using a Cellulose Nanofiber/Carbon Black Composite. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:5721-5728. [PMID: 35067045 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the emerging Internet of Things (IoT) society, there is a significant need for low-cost, high-performance flexible humidity sensors in wearable devices. However, commercially available humidity sensors lack flexibility or require expensive and complex fabrication methods, limiting their application and widespread use. We report a high-performance printed flexible humidity sensor using a cellulose nanofiber/carbon black (CNF/CB) composite. The cellulose nanofiber enables excellent dispersion of carbon black, which facilitates the ink preparation and printing process. At the same time, its hydrophilic and porous nature provides high sensitivity and fast response to humidity. Significant resistance changes of 120% were observed in the sensor at humidity ranging from 30% RH to 90% RH, with a fast response time of 10 s and a recovery time of 6 s. Furthermore, the developed sensor also exhibited high-performance uniformity, response stability, and flexibility. A simple humidity detection device was fabricated and successfully applied to monitor human respiration and noncontact fingertip moisture as a proof-of-concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Tachibana
- Research Center for Organic Electronics (ROEL), Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Yi-Fei Wang
- Research Center for Organic Electronics (ROEL), Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Tomohito Sekine
- Research Center for Organic Electronics (ROEL), Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Yasunori Takeda
- Research Center for Organic Electronics (ROEL), Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Jinseo Hong
- Research Center for Organic Electronics (ROEL), Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Ayako Yoshida
- Research Center for Organic Electronics (ROEL), Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Mai Abe
- Research Center for Organic Electronics (ROEL), Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Reo Miura
- Research Center for Organic Electronics (ROEL), Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Yushi Watanabe
- Research Center for Organic Electronics (ROEL), Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kumaki
- Research Center for Organic Electronics (ROEL), Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Shizuo Tokito
- Research Center for Organic Electronics (ROEL), Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
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Mohan B, Kumar S, Xi H, Ma S, Tao Z, Xing T, You H, Zhang Y, Ren P. Fabricated Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as luminescent and electrochemical biosensors for cancer biomarkers detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 197:113738. [PMID: 34740120 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the health domain, a major challenge is the detection of diseases using rapid and cost-effective techniques. Most of the existing cancer detection methods show poor sensitivity and selectivity and are time consuming with high cost. To overcome this challenge, we analyzed porous fabricated metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that have better structures and porosities for enhanced biomarker sensing. Here, we summarize the use of fabricated MOF luminescence and electrochemical sensors in devices for cancer biomarker detection. Various strategies of fabrication and the role of fabricated materials in sensing cancer biomarkers have been studied and described. The structural properties, sensing mechanisms, roles of noncovalent interactions, limits of detection, modeling, advantages, and limitations of MOF sensors have been well-discussed. The study presents an innovative technique to detect the cancer biomarkers by the use of luminescence and electrochemical MOF sensors. In addition, the potential association studies have been opening the way for personalized patient treatments and the development of new cancer-detecting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brij Mohan
- Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and Functional Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China; School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shezhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and Functional Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China; School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shezhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui Xi
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shezhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shixuan Ma
- Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and Functional Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China; School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shezhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhiyu Tao
- Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and Functional Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China; School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shezhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tiantian Xing
- Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and Functional Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China; School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shezhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hengzhi You
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shezhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shezhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Peng Ren
- Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and Functional Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China; School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shezhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Li WD, Ke K, Jia J, Pu JH, Zhao X, Bao RY, Liu ZY, Bai L, Zhang K, Yang MB, Yang W. Recent Advances in Multiresponsive Flexible Sensors towards E-skin: A Delicate Design for Versatile Sensing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2103734. [PMID: 34825473 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiresponsive flexile sensors with strain, temperature, humidity, and other sensing abilities serving as real electronic skin (e-skin) have manifested great application potential in flexible electronics, artificial intelligence (AI), and Internet of Things (IoT). Although numerous flexible sensors with sole sensing function have already been reported since the concept of e-skin, that mimics the sensing features of human skin, was proposed about a decade ago, the ones with more sensing capacities as new emergences are urgently demanded. However, highly integrated and highly sensitive flexible sensors with multiresponsive functions are becoming a big thrust for the detection of human body motions, physiological signals (e.g., skin temperature, blood pressure, electrocardiograms (ECG), electromyograms (EMG), sweat, etc.) and environmental stimuli (e.g., light, magnetic field, volatile organic compounds (VOCs)), which are vital to real-time and all-round human health monitoring and management. Herein, this review summarizes the design, manufacturing, and application of multiresponsive flexible sensors and presents the future challenges of fabricating these sensors for the next-generation e-skin and wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Di Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Kai Ke
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Jin Jia
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Jun-Hong Pu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Rui-Ying Bao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Zheng-Ying Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Lu Bai
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Ming-Bo Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
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Uludağ İ, Sezgintürk MK. A direct and simple immobilization route for immunosensors by CNBr activation for covalent attachment of anti-leptin: obesity diagnosis point of view. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:33. [PMID: 35070623 PMCID: PMC8724356 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-03096-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin is a peptide hormone produced in adipose tissue that works as an antiobesity hormone by balancing energy intake and expenditure. We aimed to develop an ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor based on a novel immobilization technique for the early detection of leptin-related diseases in this work. Although several methods for immobilizing antibodies to the biosensor recognition element are known, it is necessary to utilize novel, cost-effective, and less complicated immobilization procedures. When compared with currently utilized immobilization techniques for leptin measurement, this novel method is more efficient, easy to prepare, and sensitive, with a broad detection range. Indium tin oxide-coated polyethylene terephthalate (ITO-PET) sheets were used as the working electrode. ITO-PET sheets were modified using cyanogen bromide (CNBr) to immobilize the anti-leptin antibody through covalent interactions. Each stage of the proposed biosensors was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) methods, and extensive characterization studies were carried out. The designed biosensor has a wide linear detection range (0.05-100 pg/mL), low limits of detection (LOD) (0.0086 pg/mL) and quantification (LOQ) (0.0287 pg/mL). It was concluded that although it is disposable, the ITO-PET working electrode retains its activity even in repeated studies. In addition, the new immobilization procedure provided by CNBr for the designed biosensor fabrication can be effectively used in other biosensing applications. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-03096-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- İnci Uludağ
- Faculty of Engineering, Bioengineering Department, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kemal Sezgintürk
- Faculty of Engineering, Bioengineering Department, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
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Zhang W, Guo Q, Duan Y, Xu Q, Shang C, Li N, Peng Z. Touchless Sensing Interface Based on the Magneto-Piezoresistive Effect of Magnetic Microstructures with Stacked Conductive Coating. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:61422-61433. [PMID: 34905921 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Robotics capable of human-like operations need to have electronic skin (e-skin) with not only tactile sensing functions but also proximity perception abilities. Especially, under the current widespread of COVID-19 pandemic, touchless interfaces are highly desirable. Magnetoreception, with inherent specificity for magnetic objects, is an effective approach to construct a non-contact sensing e-skin. In this work, we propose a new touchless sensing mechanism based on the magneto-piezoresistive effect. The substrate of the sensor is made of hierarchically microstructured ferromagnetic polydimethylsiloxane, coated with a three-dimensional (3D) piezoresistive network. The 3D network is constructed by stacked layers of reduced graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes through layer-by-layer deposition. With this integrated design, a magnetic force induced on the ferromagnetic substrate can seamlessly be applied to the piezoresistive layer of the sensor. Because the magnetic force relates strongly to the approaching distance, the position information can be transduced into the resistance change of the piezoresistive network. The flexible proximity sensor exhibits an ultrahigh spatial resolution of 60 μm, a sensitivity of 50.47 cm-1, a wide working range of 6 cm, and a fast response of 10 ms. The repeatable performance of the sensor is shown by over 5000 cycles of approaching-separation test. We also demonstrate successful application of the sensor in 3D positioning and motion tracking settings, which is critical for touchless tactile perception-based human-machine interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguan Zhang
- Center for Stretchable Electronics and Nano Sensors, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qinhua Guo
- Center for Stretchable Electronics and Nano Sensors, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yu Duan
- Center for Stretchable Electronics and Nano Sensors, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qunhui Xu
- Center for Stretchable Electronics and Nano Sensors, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Chao Shang
- Center for Stretchable Electronics and Nano Sensors, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhengchun Peng
- Center for Stretchable Electronics and Nano Sensors, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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