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Han X, Zhu Y, Ke J, Zhai Y, Huang M, Zhang X, He H, Zhang X, Zhao X, Guo K, Li X, Han Z, Zhang Y. Progression of m 6A in the tumor microenvironment: hypoxia, immune and metabolic reprogramming. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:331. [PMID: 39033180 PMCID: PMC11271487 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02092-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has aroused widespread discussion in the scientific community as a mode of RNA modification. m6A comprises writers, erasers, and readers, which regulates RNA production, nuclear export, and translation and is very important for human health. A large number of studies have found that the regulation of m6A is closely related to the occurrence and invasion of tumors, while the homeostasis and function of the tumor microenvironment (TME) determine the occurrence and development of tumors to some extent. TME is composed of a variety of immune cells (T cells, B cells, etc.) and nonimmune cells (tumor-associated mesenchymal stem cells (TA-MSCs), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), etc.). Current studies suggest that m6A is involved in regulating the function of various cells in the TME, thereby affecting tumor progression. In this manuscript, we present the composition of m6A and TME, the relationship between m6A methylation and characteristic changes in TME, the role of m6A methylation in TME, and potential therapeutic strategies to provide new perspectives for better treatment of tumors in clinical work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Han
- First Clinical College of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Linfen Central Hospital, Linfen, China
| | - Juan Ke
- Linfen Central Hospital, Linfen, China
| | | | - Min Huang
- Linfen Central Hospital, Linfen, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Linfen Central Hospital, Linfen, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhongyu Han
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Ravel-Godreuil C, Roy ER, Puttapaka SN, Li S, Wang Y, Yuan X, Eltzschig HK, Cao W. Transcriptional Responses of Different Brain Cell Types to Oxygen Decline. Brain Sci 2024; 14:341. [PMID: 38671993 PMCID: PMC11048388 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain hypoxia is associated with a wide range of physiological and clinical conditions. Although oxygen is an essential constituent of maintaining brain functions, our understanding of how specific brain cell types globally respond and adapt to decreasing oxygen conditions is incomplete. In this study, we exposed mouse primary neurons, astrocytes, and microglia to normoxia and two hypoxic conditions and obtained genome-wide transcriptional profiles of the treated cells. Analysis of differentially expressed genes under conditions of reduced oxygen revealed a canonical hypoxic response shared among different brain cell types. In addition, we observed a higher sensitivity of neurons to oxygen decline, and dissected cell type-specific biological processes affected by hypoxia. Importantly, this study establishes novel gene modules associated with brain cells responding to oxygen deprivation and reveals a state of profound stress incurred by hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Ravel-Godreuil
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.R.-G.); (E.R.R.); (S.N.P.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (X.Y.); (H.K.E.)
| | - Ethan R. Roy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.R.-G.); (E.R.R.); (S.N.P.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (X.Y.); (H.K.E.)
| | - Srinivas N. Puttapaka
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.R.-G.); (E.R.R.); (S.N.P.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (X.Y.); (H.K.E.)
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sanming Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.R.-G.); (E.R.R.); (S.N.P.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (X.Y.); (H.K.E.)
| | - Yanyu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.R.-G.); (E.R.R.); (S.N.P.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (X.Y.); (H.K.E.)
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.R.-G.); (E.R.R.); (S.N.P.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (X.Y.); (H.K.E.)
| | - Holger K. Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.R.-G.); (E.R.R.); (S.N.P.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (X.Y.); (H.K.E.)
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.R.-G.); (E.R.R.); (S.N.P.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (X.Y.); (H.K.E.)
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Yasan GT, Gunel-Ozcan A. Hypoxia and Hypoxia Mimetic Agents As Potential Priming Approaches to Empower Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:33-54. [PMID: 36642875 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230113143234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) exhibit self-renewal capacity and multilineage differentiation potential, making them attractive for research and clinical application. The properties of MSC can vary depending on specific micro-environmental factors. MSC resides in specific niches with low oxygen concentrations, where oxygen functions as a metabolic substrate and a signaling molecule. Conventional physical incubators or chemically hypoxia mimetic agents are applied in cultures to mimic the original low oxygen tension settings where MSC originated. This review aims to focus on the current knowledge of the effects of various physical hypoxic conditions and widely used hypoxia-mimetic agents-PHD inhibitors on mesenchymal stem cells at a cellular and molecular level, including proliferation, stemness, differentiation, viability, apoptosis, senescence, migration, immunomodulation behaviors, as well as epigenetic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aysen Gunel-Ozcan
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Samaja M, Ottolenghi S. The Oxygen Cascade from Atmosphere to Mitochondria as a Tool to Understand the (Mal)adaptation to Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043670. [PMID: 36835089 PMCID: PMC9960749 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a life-threatening challenge for about 1% of the world population, as well as a contributor to high morbidity and mortality scores in patients affected by various cardiopulmonary, hematological, and circulatory diseases. However, the adaptation to hypoxia represents a failure for a relevant portion of the cases as the pathways of potential adaptation often conflict with well-being and generate diseases that in certain areas of the world still afflict up to one-third of the populations living at altitude. To help understand the mechanisms of adaptation and maladaptation, this review examines the various steps of the oxygen cascade from the atmosphere to the mitochondria distinguishing the patterns related to physiological (i.e., due to altitude) and pathological (i.e., due to a pre-existing disease) hypoxia. The aim is to assess the ability of humans to adapt to hypoxia in a multidisciplinary approach that correlates the function of genes, molecules, and cells with the physiologic and pathological outcomes. We conclude that, in most cases, it is not hypoxia by itself that generates diseases, but rather the attempts to adapt to the hypoxia condition. This underlies the paradigm shift that when adaptation to hypoxia becomes excessive, it translates into maladaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Samaja
- MAGI GROUP, San Felice del Benaco, 25010 Brescia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Sara Ottolenghi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
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Chen W, Wu P, Yu F, Luo G, Qing L, Tang J. HIF-1α Regulates Bone Homeostasis and Angiogenesis, Participating in the Occurrence of Bone Metabolic Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223552. [PMID: 36428981 PMCID: PMC9688488 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the physiological condition, the skeletal system's bone resorption and formation are in dynamic balance, called bone homeostasis. However, bone homeostasis is destroyed under pathological conditions, leading to the occurrence of bone metabolism diseases. The expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is regulated by oxygen concentration. It affects energy metabolism, which plays a vital role in preventing bone metabolic diseases. This review focuses on the HIF-1α pathway and describes in detail the possible mechanism of its involvement in the regulation of bone homeostasis and angiogenesis, as well as the current experimental studies on the use of HIF-1α in the prevention of bone metabolic diseases. HIF-1α/RANKL/Notch1 pathway bidirectionally regulates the differentiation of macrophages into osteoclasts under different conditions. In addition, HIF-1α is also regulated by many factors, including hypoxia, cofactor activity, non-coding RNA, trace elements, etc. As a pivotal pathway for coupling angiogenesis and osteogenesis, HIF-1α has been widely studied in bone metabolic diseases such as bone defect, osteoporosis, osteonecrosis of the femoral head, fracture, and nonunion. The wide application of biomaterials in bone metabolism also provides a reasonable basis for the experimental study of HIF-1α in preventing bone metabolic diseases.
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Insight in Hypoxia-Mimetic Agents as Potential Tools for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Priming in Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:8775591. [PMID: 35378955 PMCID: PMC8976669 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8775591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-mimetic agents are new potential tools in MSC priming instead of hypoxia incubators or chambers. Several pharmaceutical/chemical hypoxia-mimetic agents can be used to induce hypoxia in the tissues: deferoxamine (DFO), dimethyloxaloylglycine (DMOG), 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), cobalt chloride (CoCl2), and isoflurane (ISO). Hypoxia-mimetic agents can increase cell proliferation, preserve or enhance differentiation potential, increase migration potential, and induce neovascularization in a concentration- and stem cell source-dependent manner. Moreover, hypoxia-mimetic agents may increase HIF-1α, changing the metabolism and enhancing glycolysis like hypoxia. So, there is clear evidence that treatment with hypoxia-mimetic agents is beneficial in regenerative medicine, preserving stem cell capacities. These agents are not studied so wildly as hypoxia but, considering the low cost and ease of use, are believed to find application as pretreatment of many diseases such as ischemic heart disease and myocardial fibrosis and promote cardiac and cartilage regeneration. The knowledge of MSC priming is critical in evaluating safety procedures and use in clinics. In this review, similarities and differences between hypoxia and hypoxia-mimetic agents in terms of their therapeutic efficiency are considered in detail. The advantages, challenges, and future perspectives in MSC priming with hypoxia mimetic agents are also discussed.
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Multifaceted Interplay between Hormones, Growth Factors and Hypoxia in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030539. [PMID: 35158804 PMCID: PMC8833523 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hormones and growth factors impact many processes in the cell. Moreover, these molecules influence tumor growth, as does a lack of oxygen (hypoxia) that characterizes cancer progression. Proteins that are stabilized by low oxygen tension, known as hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), help tumor cells to adapt to their environment. Of note, hormones and growth factors regulate the activity of HIFs toward malignant aggressiveness, including the resistance to therapy. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of hormones and growth factors in cancer development with a particular focus on their interplay with hypoxia and HIFs and comment on how these factors influence the response to cancer immunotherapy. Abstract Hormones and growth factors (GFs) are signaling molecules implicated in the regulation of a variety of cellular processes. They play important roles in both healthy and tumor cells, where they function by binding to specific receptors on target cells and activating downstream signaling cascades. The stages of tumor progression are influenced by hormones and GF signaling. Hypoxia, a hallmark of cancer progression, contributes to tumor plasticity and heterogeneity. Most solid tumors contain a hypoxic core due to rapid cellular proliferation that outgrows the blood supply. In these circumstances, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play a central role in the adaptation of tumor cells to their new environment, dramatically reshaping their transcriptional profile. HIF signaling is modulated by a variety of factors including hormones and GFs, which activate signaling pathways that enhance tumor growth and metastatic potential and impair responses to therapy. In this review, we summarize the role of hormones and GFs during cancer onset and progression with a particular focus on hypoxia and the interplay with HIF proteins. We also discuss how hypoxia influences the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy, considering that a hypoxic environment may act as a determinant of the immune-excluded phenotype and a major hindrance to the success of adoptive cell therapies.
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Kieran NW, Suresh R, Dorion MF, MacDonald A, Blain M, Wen D, Fuh SC, Ryan F, Diaz RJ, Stratton JA, Ludwin SK, Sonnen JA, Antel J, Healy LM. MicroRNA-210 regulates the metabolic and inflammatory status of primary human astrocytes. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:10. [PMID: 34991629 PMCID: PMC8740343 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02373-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Astrocytes are the most numerous glial cell type with important roles in maintaining homeostasis and responding to diseases in the brain. Astrocyte function is subject to modulation by microRNAs (miRs), which are short nucleotide strands that regulate protein expression in a post-transcriptional manner. Understanding the miR expression profile of astrocytes in disease settings provides insight into the cellular stresses present in the microenvironment and may uncover pathways of therapeutic interest.
Methods Laser-capture microdissection was used to isolate human astrocytes surrounding stroke lesions and those from neurological control tissue. Astrocytic miR expression profiles were examined using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Primary human fetal astrocytes were cultured under in vitro stress conditions and transfection of a miR mimic was used to better understand how altered levels of miR-210 affect astrocyte function. The astrocytic response to stress was studied using qPCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), measurement of released lactate, and Seahorse. Results Here, we measured miR expression levels in astrocytes around human ischemic stroke lesions and observed differential expression of miR-210 in chronic stroke astrocytes compared to astrocytes from neurological control tissue. We also identified increased expression of miR-210 in mouse white matter tissue around middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) brain lesions. We aimed to understand the role of miR-210 in primary human fetal astrocytes by developing an in vitro assay of hypoxic, metabolic, and inflammatory stresses. A combination of hypoxic and inflammatory stresses was observed to upregulate miR-210 expression. Transfection with miR-210-mimic (210M) increased glycolysis, enhanced lactate export, and promoted an anti-inflammatory transcriptional and translational signature in astrocytes. Additionally, 210M transfection resulted in decreased expression of complement 3 (C3) and semaphorin 5b (Sema5b). Conclusions We conclude that miR-210 expression in human astrocytes is modulated in response to ischemic stroke disease and under in vitro stress conditions, supporting a role for miR-210 in the astrocytic response to disease conditions. Further, the anti-inflammatory and pro-glycolytic impact of miR-210 on astrocytes makes it a potential candidate for further research as a neuroprotective agent. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-021-02373-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W Kieran
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rahul Suresh
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-France Dorion
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Adam MacDonald
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Manon Blain
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dingke Wen
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shih-Chieh Fuh
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Fari Ryan
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Roberto J Diaz
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jo Anne Stratton
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Samuel K Ludwin
- Department of Pathology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Joshua A Sonnen
- Departments of Pathology, Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jack Antel
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Luke M Healy
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Alam P, Maliken BD, Jones SM, Ivey MJ, Wu Z, Wang Y, Kanisicak O. Cardiac Remodeling and Repair: Recent Approaches, Advancements, and Future Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313104. [PMID: 34884909 PMCID: PMC8658114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited ability of mammalian adult cardiomyocytes to proliferate following an injury to the heart, such as myocardial infarction, is a major factor that results in adverse fibrotic and myocardial remodeling that ultimately leads to heart failure. The continued high degree of heart failure-associated morbidity and lethality requires the special attention of researchers worldwide to develop efficient therapeutics for cardiac repair. Recently, various strategies and approaches have been developed and tested to extrinsically induce regeneration and restoration of the myocardium after cardiac injury have yielded encouraging results. Nevertheless, these interventions still lack adequate success to be used for clinical interventions. This review highlights and discusses both cell-based and cell-free therapeutic approaches as well as current advancements, major limitations, and future perspectives towards developing an efficient therapeutic method for cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perwez Alam
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (P.A.); (S.M.J.); (M.J.I.); (Z.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Bryan D. Maliken
- Harrington Physician-Scientist Pathway, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Shannon M. Jones
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (P.A.); (S.M.J.); (M.J.I.); (Z.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Malina J. Ivey
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (P.A.); (S.M.J.); (M.J.I.); (Z.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Zhichao Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (P.A.); (S.M.J.); (M.J.I.); (Z.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yigang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (P.A.); (S.M.J.); (M.J.I.); (Z.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Onur Kanisicak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (P.A.); (S.M.J.); (M.J.I.); (Z.W.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-513-558-2029; Fax: +1-513-584-3892
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Gorodetsky R, Aicher WK. Allogenic Use of Human Placenta-Derived Stromal Cells as a Highly Active Subtype of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Cell-Based Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5302. [PMID: 34069909 PMCID: PMC8157571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from different sources, including bone marrow (BM, bmMSCs), adipose tissue (atMSCs), and human term placenta (hPSCs) has been proposed for various clinical purposes. Accumulated evidence suggests that the activity of the different MSCs is indirect and associated with paracrine release of pro-regenerative and anti-inflammatory factors. A major limitation of bmMSCs-based treatment for autologous application is the limited yield of cells harvested from BM and the invasiveness of the procedure. Similar effects of autologous and allogeneic MSCs isolated from various other tissues were reported. The easily available fresh human placenta seems to represent a preferred source for harvesting abundant numbers of human hPSCs for allogenic use. Cells derived from the neonate tissues of the placenta (f-hPSC) can undergo extended expansion with a low risk of senescence. The low expression of HLA class I and II on f-hPSCs reduces the risk of rejection in allogeneic or xenogeneic applications in normal immunocompetent hosts. The main advantage of hPSCs-based therapies seems to lie in the secretion of a wide range of pro-regenerative and anti-inflammatory factors. This renders hPSCs as a very competent cell for therapy in humans or animal models. This review summarizes the therapeutic potential of allogeneic applications of f-hPSCs, with reference to their indirect pro-regenerative and anti-inflammatory effects and discusses clinical feasibility studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Gorodetsky
- Biotechnology and Radiobiology Laboratory, Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Wilhelm K. Aicher
- Center of Medical Research, Department of Urology at UKT, Eberhard-Karls-University, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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Planat-Benard V, Varin A, Casteilla L. MSCs and Inflammatory Cells Crosstalk in Regenerative Medicine: Concerted Actions for Optimized Resolution Driven by Energy Metabolism. Front Immunol 2021; 12:626755. [PMID: 33995350 PMCID: PMC8120150 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.626755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are currently widely used in cell based therapy regarding to their remarkable efficacy in controlling the inflammatory status in patients. Despite recent progress and encouraging results, inconstant therapeutic benefits are reported suggesting that significant breakthroughs in the understanding of MSCs immunomodulatory mechanisms of action remains to be investigated and certainly apprehended from original point of view. This review will focus on the recent findings regarding MSCs close relationship with the innate immune compartment, i.e. granulocytes and myeloid cells. The review will also consider the intercellular mechanism of communication involved, such as factor secretion, cell-cell contact, extracellular vesicles, mitochondria transfer and efferocytosis. Immune-like-properties of MSCs supporting part of their therapeutic effect in the clinical setting will be discussed, as well as their potentials (immunomodulatory, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant defenses and metabolic adaptation…) and effects mediated, such as cell polarization, differentiation, death and survival on various immune and tissue cell targets determinant in triggering tissue regeneration. Their metabolic properties in term of sensing, reacting and producing metabolites influencing tissue inflammation will be highlighted. The review will finally open to discussion how ongoing scientific advances on MSCs could be efficiently translated to clinic in chronic and age-related inflammatory diseases and the current limits and gaps that remain to be overcome to achieving tissue regeneration and rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Planat-Benard
- RESTORE, University of Toulouse, UMR 1031-INSERM, 5070-CNRS, Etablissement Français du Sang-Occitanie (EFS), Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Audrey Varin
- RESTORE, University of Toulouse, UMR 1031-INSERM, 5070-CNRS, Etablissement Français du Sang-Occitanie (EFS), Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Louis Casteilla
- RESTORE, University of Toulouse, UMR 1031-INSERM, 5070-CNRS, Etablissement Français du Sang-Occitanie (EFS), Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Daneshmandi L, Shah S, Jafari T, Bhattacharjee M, Momah D, Saveh-Shemshaki N, Lo KWH, Laurencin CT. Emergence of the Stem Cell Secretome in Regenerative Engineering. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:1373-1384. [PMID: 32622558 PMCID: PMC7666064 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The secretome is defined as the set of molecules and biological factors that are secreted by cells into the extracellular space. In the past decade, secretome-based therapies have emerged as a promising approach to overcome the limitations associated with cell-based therapies for tissue and organ regeneration. Considering the growing number of recent publications related to secretome-based therapies, this review takes a step-by-step engineering approach to evaluate the role of the stem cell secretome in regenerative engineering. We discuss the functional benefits of the secretome, the techniques used to engineer the secretome and tailor its therapeutic effects, and the delivery systems and strategies that have been developed to use the secretome for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Daneshmandi
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Shiv Shah
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Tahereh Jafari
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Maumita Bhattacharjee
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Deandra Momah
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Nikoo Saveh-Shemshaki
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Kevin W-H Lo
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Cato T Laurencin
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
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13
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Damasceno PKF, de Santana TA, Santos GC, Orge ID, Silva DN, Albuquerque JF, Golinelli G, Grisendi G, Pinelli M, Ribeiro Dos Santos R, Dominici M, Soares MBP. Genetic Engineering as a Strategy to Improve the Therapeutic Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Regenerative Medicine. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:737. [PMID: 32974331 PMCID: PMC7471932 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been widely studied in the field of regenerative medicine for applications in the treatment of several disease settings. The therapeutic potential of MSCs has been evaluated in studies in vitro and in vivo, especially based on their anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative action, through the secretion of soluble mediators. In many cases, however, insufficient engraftment and limited beneficial effects of MSCs indicate the need of approaches to enhance their survival, migration and therapeutic potential. Genetic engineering emerges as a means to induce the expression of different proteins and soluble factors with a wide range of applications, such as growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, transcription factors, enzymes and microRNAs. Distinct strategies have been applied to induce genetic modifications with the goal to enhance the potential of MCSs. This review aims to contribute to the update of the different genetically engineered tools employed for MSCs modification, as well as the factors investigated in different fields in which genetically engineered MSCs have been tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Kauanna Fonseca Damasceno
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil.,Health Institute of Technology, SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | - Iasmim Diniz Orge
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil.,Health Institute of Technology, SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Daniela Nascimento Silva
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil.,Health Institute of Technology, SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Giulia Golinelli
- Division of Oncology, Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Division of Oncology, Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Massimo Pinelli
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Ricardo Ribeiro Dos Santos
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil.,Health Institute of Technology, SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine (INCT-REGENERA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Division of Oncology, Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil.,Health Institute of Technology, SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine (INCT-REGENERA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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14
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Tu Y, Qiu Y, Liu L, Huang T, Tang H, Liu Y, Guo W, Jiang H, Fan Y, Yu B. mi R -15a/15b Cluster Modulates Survival of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Improve Its Therapeutic Efficacy of Myocardial Infarction. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 8:e010157. [PMID: 30616426 PMCID: PMC6405735 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background The poor viability of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hampers their therapeutic efficacy for ischemic heart disease. MicroRNAs are involved in regulation of MSC survival and function. The present study was designed to investigate the molecular effects of miR‐15a/15b on MSC survival, focusing on the role of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. Methods and Results We first harvested donor luc(Luciferase)‐MSCs (5×105) isolated from the luciferase transgenic mice with FVB background. Luc‐MSCs were transfected with miR‐15a/15b mimics or inhibitors and cultured under oxygen glucose deprivation condition for 12 hours to mimics the harsh microenvironment in infarcted heart; they were subjected to MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2‐H‐tetrazolium bromide?Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium Bromide) assay, bioluminescence imaging, quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction, transferase‐mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate–digoxigenin nick‐end labeling assay, and flow cytometry. Furthermore, the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, protein kinase B, p(Phosphorylate)‐protein kinase B, Bcl‐2, Bax, and caspase‐3 proteins were available by Western blotting assay. In vivo, acute myocardial infarction was induced in 24 mice by coronary ligation, with subsequent receipt of Luc‐MSCs, Luc‐MSCs+miR‐15a/15b inhibitors, or PBS treatment. The therapeutic procedure and treatment effects were tracked and assessed using bioluminescence imaging and echocardiographic measurement. Next, ex vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry were conducted to verify the distribution of MSCs. We demonstrated that miR‐15a/15b targeted vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 to modulate MSC survival, possibly via phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway, which was proved by bioluminescence imaging, immunohistochemistry analysis, and echocardiographic measurement. Conclusions Luc‐MSCs could be followed dynamically in vitro and in vivo by bioluminescence imaging, and the role of miR‐15a/b could be inferred from the loss of signals from luc‐MSCs. This finding may have practical clinical implications in miR‐15a/15b–modified MSC transplantation in treating myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfeng Tu
- 1 Department of Cardiology The 2nd Hospital of Harbin Medical University Nangang District Harbin China.,2 The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Chinese Ministry of Education Harbin Heilongjiang China
| | - Yan Qiu
- 3 Department of Geriatrics Huadong sanatorium Wuxi City Jiangsu Province China
| | - Li Liu
- 4 Department of Anesthesiology The Third Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang China
| | - Tao Huang
- 5 Department of Radiology The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Hao Tang
- 1 Department of Cardiology The 2nd Hospital of Harbin Medical University Nangang District Harbin China
| | - Youbin Liu
- 1 Department of Cardiology The 2nd Hospital of Harbin Medical University Nangang District Harbin China.,2 The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Chinese Ministry of Education Harbin Heilongjiang China
| | - Wenguang Guo
- 7 College of Basic Medical Science Harbin Medical University-Daqing Daqing China
| | - Hongchi Jiang
- 8 Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery Department of General Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Yuhua Fan
- 6 College of Pharmacy Harbin Medical University-Daqing Daqing China
| | - Bo Yu
- 1 Department of Cardiology The 2nd Hospital of Harbin Medical University Nangang District Harbin China.,2 The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Chinese Ministry of Education Harbin Heilongjiang China
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15
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Alijani N, Johari B, Moradi M, Kadivar M. A review on transcriptional regulation responses to hypoxia in mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:14-26. [PMID: 31393053 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are known for having therapeutic applications, reside in stem cell niches where the oxygen concentration is low. At the molecular level, the master regulator of the cellular reaction to hypoxia is hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF). The transcriptional response of a cell to hypoxia is affected by two major components; first, the structure of hypoxia-response elements (HREs), which primarily define how much of the HIF signal is integrated into the transcriptional output of individual genes. Second, the availability of other transcriptional factors cooperating with HIF in the context of HRE. In MSCs, the expression of a single gene by hypoxia depends on elements such as factors influencing the HIF activity, metabolic pathways, the real oxygen concentration in the cellular microenvironment, and duration of culture. In addition, specific growth factors and pro-infection cytokines, hormones, oncogenic signaling, as well as ultrasound are potent regulators of HIF in MSCs. Altogether, the response of MSCs to hypoxia is complex and mediated by several genes and molecular agents. Regarding the influence of hypoxia on MSCs, oxygen concentration must be taken into consideration based on the cell type and the aim of culture before a particular MSCs culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najva Alijani
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrooz Johari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Moradi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Kadivar
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Salazar-Noratto GE, Luo G, Denoeud C, Padrona M, Moya A, Bensidhoum M, Bizios R, Potier E, Logeart-Avramoglou D, Petite H. Understanding and leveraging cell metabolism to enhance mesenchymal stem cell transplantation survival in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Stem Cells 2019; 38:22-33. [PMID: 31408238 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, stem cell-specifically, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs)-therapies have fallen short of their initial promise and hype. The observed marginal, to no benefit, success in several applications has been attributed primarily to poor cell survival and engraftment at transplantation sites. MSCs have a metabolism that is flexible enough to enable them to fulfill their various cellular functions and remarkably sensitive to different cellular and environmental cues. At the transplantation sites, MSCs experience hostile environments devoid or, at the very least, severely depleted of oxygen and nutrients. The impact of this particular setting on MSC metabolism ultimately affects their survival and function. In order to develop the next generation of cell-delivery materials and methods, scientists must have a better understanding of the metabolic switches MSCs experience upon transplantation. By designing treatment strategies with cell metabolism in mind, scientists may improve survival and the overall therapeutic potential of MSCs. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of plausible metabolic switches in response to implantation and of the various strategies currently used to leverage MSC metabolism to improve stem cell-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana E Salazar-Noratto
- Université de Paris, B3OA CNRS INSERM, Paris, France.,Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, B3OA, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Guotian Luo
- Université de Paris, B3OA CNRS INSERM, Paris, France.,Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, B3OA, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Cyprien Denoeud
- Université de Paris, B3OA CNRS INSERM, Paris, France.,Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, B3OA, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Mathilde Padrona
- Université de Paris, B3OA CNRS INSERM, Paris, France.,Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, B3OA, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Adrien Moya
- South Florida Veterans Affairs Foundation for Research and Education, Inc., Miami, Florida.,Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center and Research Service, Bruce W. Carter VAMC, Miami, Florida
| | - Morad Bensidhoum
- Université de Paris, B3OA CNRS INSERM, Paris, France.,Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, B3OA, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Rena Bizios
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Esther Potier
- Université de Paris, B3OA CNRS INSERM, Paris, France.,Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, B3OA, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Delphine Logeart-Avramoglou
- Université de Paris, B3OA CNRS INSERM, Paris, France.,Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, B3OA, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Hervé Petite
- Université de Paris, B3OA CNRS INSERM, Paris, France.,Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, B3OA, Maisons-Alfort, France
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17
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Liu XY, Wei MG, Liang J, Xu HH, Wang JJ, Wang J, Yang XP, Lv FF, Wang KQ, Duan JH, Tu Y, Zhang S, Chen C, Li XH. Injury-preconditioning secretome of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells amplified the neurogenesis and cognitive recovery after severe traumatic brain injury in rats. J Neurochem 2019; 153:230-251. [PMID: 31465551 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a dominant cause of death and permanent disability worldwide. Although TBI could significantly increase the proliferation of adult neural stem cells in the hippocampus, the survival and maturation of newborn cells is markedly low. Increasing evidence suggests that the secretome derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) would be an ideal alternative to MSC transplantation. The successive and microenvironmentally responsive secretion in MSCs may be critical for the functional benefits provided by transplanted MSCs after TBI. Therefore, it is reasonable to hypothesize that the signaling molecules secreted in response to local tissue damage can further facilitate the therapeutic effect of the MSC secretome. To simulate the complex microenvironment in the injured brain well, we used traumatically injured brain tissue extracts to pretreat umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) in vitro and stereotaxically injected the secretome from traumatic injury-preconditioned UCMSCs into the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in a rat severe TBI model. The results revealed that compared with the normal secretome, the traumatic injury-preconditioned secretome could significantly further promote the differentiation, migration, and maturation of newborn cells in the dentate gyrus and ultimately improve cognitive function after TBI. Cytokine antibody array suggested that the increased benefits of secretome administration were attributable to the newly produced proteins and up-regulated molecules from the MSC secretome preconditioned by a traumatically injured microenvironment. Our study utilized the traumatic injury-preconditioned secretome to amplify neurogenesis and improve cognitive recovery, suggesting this method may be a novel and safer candidate for nerve repair. Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14741.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yin Liu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meng-Guang Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hai-Huan Xu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi-Ping Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang-Fang Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Ke-Qiang Wang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-Hao Duan
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Tu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
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18
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André E, De Pauw A, Verdoy R, Brusa D, Bouzin C, Timmermans A, Bertrand L, Balligand JL. Changes of Metabolic Phenotype of Cardiac Progenitor Cells During Differentiation: Neutral Effect of Stimulation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:1498-1513. [PMID: 31530214 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) in the adult mammalian heart, as well as exogenous CPCs injected at the border zone of infarcted tissue, display very low differentiation rate into cardiac myocytes and marginal repair capacity in the injured heart. Emerging evidence supports an obligatory metabolic shift from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) during stem cells differentiation, suggesting that pharmacological modulation of metabolism may improve CPC differentiation and, potentially, healing properties. In this study, we investigated the metabolic transition underlying CPC differentiation toward cardiac myocytes. In addition, we tested whether activators of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), known to promote mitochondrial biogenesis in other cell types would also improve CPC differentiation. Stem cell antigen 1 (Sca1+) CPCs were isolated from adult mouse hearts and their phenotype compared with more mature neonatal rat cardiac myocytes (NRCMs). Under normoxia, glucose consumption and lactate release were significantly higher in CPCs than in NRCMs. Both parameters were increased in hypoxia together with increased abundance of Glut1 (glucose transporter), of the monocarboxylic transporter Mct4 (lactate efflux mediator) and of Pfkfb3 (key regulator of glycolytic rate). CPC proliferation was critically dependent on glucose and glutamine availability in the media. Oxygen consumption analysis indicates that, compared with NRCMs, CPCs exhibited lower basal and maximal respirations with lower Tomm20 protein expression and mitochondrial DNA content. This CPC metabolic phenotype profoundly changed upon in vitro differentiation, with a decrease of glucose consumption and lactate release together with increased abundance of Tnnt2, Pgc-1α, Tomm20, and mitochondrial DNA content. Proliferative CPCs express both alpha1 and -2 catalytic subunits of AMPK that is activated by A769662. However, A769662 or resveratrol (an activator of Pgc-1α and AMPK) did not promote either mitochondrial biogenesis or CPC maturation during their differentiation. We conclude that although CPC differentiation is accompanied with an increase of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, this is not potentiated by activation of AMPK in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie André
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Aurélia De Pauw
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Roxane Verdoy
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Davide Brusa
- Flow Cytometry Platform, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- I2P Imaging Platform, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Aurélie Timmermans
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research (CARD), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research (CARD), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Balligand
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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19
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Yang F, Li B, Yang Y, Huang M, Liu X, Zhang Y, Liu H, Zhang L, Pan Y, Tian S, Wu Y, Wang L, Yang L. Leptin enhances glycolysis via OPA1-mediated mitochondrial fusion to promote mesenchymal stem cell survival. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:301-312. [PMID: 31115489 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is emerging as a potential therapy for cardiovascular diseases. However, the poor survival of transplanted MSCs is a major obstacle to improving their clinical efficacy. Accumulating evidence indicates that hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) can improve the survival of MSCs. It has been previously reported that leptin plays a critical role in HPC‑enhanced MSC survival through increasing optic atrophy 1 (OPA1)‑dependent mitochondrial fusion. Survival of MSCs mainly relies on glycolysis as an energy source. The close relationship between leptin and glucose homeostasis has attracted intense scientific interest. Furthermore, emerging evidence indicates that mitochondrial dynamics (fusion and fission) are associated with alterations in glycolysis. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether leptin increases MSC survival through metabolic regulation. Leptin‑modulated increased OPA1 expression was found to be associated with increased glycolysis. However, the glycolytic efficacy of leptin was abrogated after silencing OPA1 using a selective siRNA, suggesting that OPA1 directly regulates glycolysis. Furthermore, the activation of sodium‑glucose symporter 1 (SGLT1) was markedly induced by leptin. However, leptin‑induced glycolysis was primarily blocked by SGLT1 inhibitor treatment. Thus, leptin regulates OPA1‑dependent glycolysis to improve MSC survival primarily through SGLT1 activation. We therefore identified a pivotal leptin/OPA1/SGLT1 signaling pathway for mitochondrial dynamic‑mediated glycolysis, which may optimize the therapeutic efficiency of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Yongyao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Minhua Huang
- Xixiu District People's Hospital, Anshun, Guizhou 561000, P.R. China
| | - Xinghui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Yujia Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Shui Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Yueting Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Long Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
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20
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Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Laboratory study. OBJECTIVE Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from whole bone marrow aspirate (BMA) and MSCs derived from density-gradient centrifugation were isolated from vertebral bodies and cultured under either hypoxic or normoxic conditions to evaluate their biological characteristics and HOX and TALE signature able to improve spinal surgery procedures. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The use of spinal fusion procedures has increased over the last decades; however, failed fusion still remains an important problem. Clinician and researchers focused their attention on the therapeutic potential of bone marrow MSCs and several methods for their isolation and cultivation have been developed. However, the best source and techniques are still debated. METHODS MSCs morphology, surface markers, colony-forming-units, and three lineage differentiation through quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) were evaluated. Additionally, gene expression analysis of HOX and TALE signatures during osteogenic differentiation were analyzed. RESULTS Our study showed that MSCs derived from whole BMA were successfully isolated and when cultured under hypoxic condition presented greater proliferation, larger colonies, and differentiated onto osteogenic and chondrogenic lineage with greater ability, while adipogenic differentiation was less efficient. Results also revealed that MSCs, differently isolated and cultured, expressed different level of HOX and TALE signatures and that HOXB8 were up-regulated with greater efficiency in MSCs derived from whole BMA under hypoxia. CONCLUSION Our data indicated that hypoxic preconditioning of MSCs derived from whole BMA exhibited more suitable biological characteristics and different level of HOX and TALE gene activation. We, therefore, concluded that vertebral body MSCs derived from whole BMA may provide alternative sources of MSCs for tissue engineering applications for spine surgery. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A.
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21
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Antebi B, Rodriguez LA, Walker KP, Asher AM, Kamucheka RM, Alvarado L, Mohammadipoor A, Cancio LC. Short-term physiological hypoxia potentiates the therapeutic function of mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:265. [PMID: 30305185 PMCID: PMC6180371 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1007-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the bone marrow, MSCs reside in a hypoxic milieu (1–5% O2) that is thought to preserve their multipotent state. Typically, in vitro expansion of MSCs is performed under normoxia (~ 21% O2), a process that has been shown to impair their function. Here, we evaluated the characteristics and function of MSCs cultured under hypoxia and hypothesized that, when compared to normoxia, dedicated hypoxia will augment the functional characteristics of MSCs. Methods Human and porcine bone marrow MSCs were obtained from fresh mononuclear cells. The first study evaluated MSC function following both long-term (10 days) and short-term (48 h) hypoxia (1% O2) culture. In our second study, we evaluated the functional characteristics of MSC cultured under short-term 2% and 5% hypoxia. MSCs were evaluated for their metabolic activity, proliferation, viability, clonogenicity, gene expression, and secretory capacity. Results In long-term culture, common MSC surface marker expression (CD44 and CD105) dropped under hypoxia. Additionally, in long-term culture, MSCs proliferated significantly slower and provided lower yields under hypoxia. Conversely, in short-term culture, MSCs proliferated significantly faster under hypoxia. In both long-term and short-term cultures, MSC metabolic activity was significantly higher under hypoxia. Furthermore, MSCs cultured under hypoxia had upregulated expression of VEGF with concomitant downregulation of HMGB1 and the apoptotic genes BCL-2 and CASP3. Finally, in both hypoxia cultures, the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-8, was suppressed, while levels of the anti-inflammatories, IL-1ra and GM-CSF, were elevated in short-term hypoxia only. Conclusions In this study, we demonstrate that hypoxia augments the therapeutic characteristics of both porcine and human MSCs. Yet, short-term 2% hypoxia offers the greatest benefit overall, exemplified by the increase in proliferation, self-renewing capacity, and modulation of key genes and the inflammatory milieu as compared to normoxia. These data are important for generating robust MSCs with augmented function for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Antebi
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Luis A Rodriguez
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Kerfoot P Walker
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Amber M Asher
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Robin M Kamucheka
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Lucero Alvarado
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Arezoo Mohammadipoor
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Leopoldo C Cancio
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX, USA
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22
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Leptin increases mitochondrial OPA1 via GSK3-mediated OMA1 ubiquitination to enhance therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:556. [PMID: 29748581 PMCID: PMC5945599 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0579-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence revealed that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) confer cardioprotection against myocardial infarction (MI). However, the poor survival and engraftment rate of the transplanted cells limited their therapeutic efficacy in the heart. The enhanced leptin production associated with hypoxia preconditioning contributed to the improved MSCs survival. Mitochondrial integrity determines the cellular fate. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether leptin can enhance mitochondrial integrity of human MSCs (hMSCs) to protect against various stress. In vivo, transplantation of leptin-overexpressing hMSCs into the infarcted heart resulted in improved cell viability, leading to enhanced angiogenesis and cardiac function. In vitro, pretreatment of hMSCs with recombinant leptin (hMSCs-Leppre) displayed improved cell survival against severe ischemic condition (glucose and serum deprivation under hypoxia), which was associated with increased mitochondrial fusion. Subsequently, Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1), a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that regulates fusion and cristae structure, was significantly elevated in the hMSCs-Leppre group, and the protection of leptin was abrogated by targeting OPA1 with a selective siRNA. Furthermore, OMA1, a mitochondrial protease that cleaves OPA1, decreased in a leptin-dependent manner. Pretreatment of cells with an inhibitor of the proteasome (MG132), prevented leptin-induced OMA1 degradation, implicating the ubiquitination/proteasome system as a part of the protective leptin pathway. In addition, GSK3 inhibitor (SB216763) was also involved in the degradation of OMA1. In conclusion, in the hostile microenvironment caused by MI, (a) leptin can maintain the mitochondrial integrity and prolong the survival of hMSCs; (b) leptin-mediated mitochondrial integrity requires phosphorylation of GSK3 as a prerequisite for ubiquitination-depended degradation of OMA1 and attenuation of long-OPA1 cleavage. Thus, leptin targeting the GSK3/OMA1/OPA1 signaling pathway can optimize hMSCs therapy for cardiovascular diseases such as MI.
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23
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Kang I, Lee BC, Choi SW, Lee JY, Kim JJ, Kim BE, Kim DH, Lee SE, Shin N, Seo Y, Kim HS, Kim DI, Kang KS. Donor-dependent variation of human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells in response to hypoxic preconditioning and amelioration of limb ischemia. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-15. [PMID: 29674661 PMCID: PMC5938050 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-017-0014-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapidly growing demand for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy, numerous strategies using MSCs for different diseases have been studied and reported. Because of their immunosuppressive properties, MSCs are commonly used as an allogeneic treatment. However, for the many donors who could potentially be used, it is important to understand the capacity for therapeutic usage with donor-to-donor heterogeneity. In this study, we aimed to investigate MSCs as a promising therapeutic strategy for critical limb ischemia. We evaluated MSCs from two donors (#55 and #64) and analyzed the capacity for angiogenesis through in vivo and in vitro assays to compare the therapeutic effect between different donors. We emphasized the importance of intra-population heterogeneity of MSCs on therapeutic usage by evaluating the effects of hypoxia on activating cellular angiogenesis in MSCs. The precondition of hypoxia in MSCs is known to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Our study suggests that sensitivity to hypoxic conditions is different between cells originating from different donors, and this difference affects the contribution to angiogenesis. The bioinformatics analysis of different donors under hypoxic culture conditions identified intrinsic variability in gene expression patterns and suggests alternative potential genetic factors ANGPTL4, ADM, SLC2A3, and CDON as guaranteed general indicators for further stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insung Kang
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Chul Lee
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Won Choi
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Lee
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jun Kim
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Eun Kim
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Hyun Kim
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Eun Lee
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nari Shin
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoojin Seo
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Sik Kim
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ik Kim
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Kang
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Research Institute for Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Mullick M, Sen D. The Delta Opioid Peptide DADLE Represses Hypoxia-Reperfusion Mimicked Stress Mediated Apoptotic Cell Death in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Part by Downregulating the Unfolded Protein Response and ROS along with Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory Effect. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:558-573. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9810-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Kusuma GD, Carthew J, Lim R, Frith JE. Effect of the Microenvironment on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Paracrine Signaling: Opportunities to Engineer the Therapeutic Effect. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:617-631. [PMID: 28186467 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cues from the extracellular environment, including physical stimuli, are well known to affect mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) properties in terms of proliferation and differentiation. Many therapeutic strategies are now targeting this knowledge to increase the efficacy of cell therapies, typically employed to repair tissue functions in the event of injury, either by direct engraftment into the target tissue or differentiation into mature tissues. However, it is now envisioned that harnessing the repertoire of factors secreted by MSCs (termed the secretome) may provide an alternate to these cell therapies. Of current interest are both direct protein secretions and two major subpopulations of bioactive extracellular vesicles (EVs), namely exosomes and microvesicles. EVs released by MSCs are reflective of their cells of origin, able to impact upon the activities of other cells in the local microenvironment, making the rational design of MSC paracrine activities an encouraging strategy to reproducibly modulate cell therapies. The precise mechanisms by which the secretome is modulated by the microenvironment, however, remain elusive. Controlling MSC growth conditions with oxygen tension, growth factor composition, and mechanical properties may serve to directly influence paracrine activity. Our growing understanding implicates components of the mechanotransduction machinery in translating both mechanical and chemical cues from the environment into alterations in gene regulation and varied paracrine activity. As technologies are developed to manufacture MSCs, advances in bioengineering and novel insight of how the extracellular environment affects MSC paracrine activity will play a pivotal role in the generation of widespread, successful, clinical MSC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina D Kusuma
- 1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - James Carthew
- 1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lim
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria, Australia .,3 The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research , Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica E Frith
- 1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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26
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Sisakhtnezhad S, Alimoradi E, Akrami H. External factors influencing mesenchymal stem cell fate in vitro. Eur J Cell Biol 2016; 96:13-33. [PMID: 27988106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have extensive potentials, which make them attractive candidates for the developmental biology, drug discovery and regenerative medicine. However, the use of MSCs is limited by their scarceness in tissues and in culture conditions. They also exhibit various degrees of potency which subsequently influencing their applications. Nowadays, questions remain about how self-renewal and differentiation of MSCs can be controlled in vitro and in vivo, how they will behave and migrate to the right place and how they modulate the immune system. Therefore, identification of factors and culture conditions to affect the fate and function of MSCs may be effective to enhance their applications in clinical situations. Studies have indicated that the fate of MSCs in culture is influenced by various external factors, including the specific cell source, donor age, plating density, passage number and plastic surface quality. Some other factors such as cell culture media and their supplementary factors, O2 concentration, mechano-/electro-stimuli and three-dimensional scaffolds are also shown to be influential. This review addresses the current state of MSC research for describing and discussing the findings about external factors that influence the fate and function of MSCs. Additionally, the new discoveries and suggestions regarding their molecular mechanisms will be explained.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elham Alimoradi
- Department of biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hassan Akrami
- Department of biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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27
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Huang YC, Parolini O, Deng L, Yu BS. Should hypoxia preconditioning become the standardized procedure for bone marrow MSCs preparation for clinical use? Stem Cells 2016; 34:1992-3. [PMID: 27096261 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Can Huang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, Orthopaedic Research Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, P.R.China
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza-Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Li Deng
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Bin-Sheng Yu
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, Orthopaedic Research Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, P.R.China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, P.R.China
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