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Li SY, Shi WJ, Ma DD, Zhang JG, Lu ZJ, Long XB, Liu X, Huang CS, Ying GG. Effects of New Psychoactive Substance Esketamine on Behaviors and Transcription of Genes in Dopamine and GABA Pathways in Zebrafish Larvae. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2024; 112:51. [PMID: 38556558 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03883-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Esketamine (ESK) is the S-enantiomer of ketamine racemate (a new psychoactive substance) that can result in illusions, and alter hearing, vision, and proprioception in human and mouse. Up to now, the neurotoxicity caused by ESK at environmental level in fish is still unclear. This work studied the effects of ESK on behaviors and transcriptions of genes in dopamine and GABA pathways in zebrafish larvae at ranging from 12.4 ng L- 1 to 11141.1 ng L- 1 for 7 days post fertilization (dpf). The results showed that ESK at 12.4 ng L- 1 significantly reduced the touch response of the larvae at 48 hpf. ESK at 12.4 ng L- 1 also reduced the time and distance of larvae swimming at the outer zone during light period, which implied that ESK might potentially decrease the anxiety level of larvae. In addition, ESK increased the transcription of th, ddc, drd1a, drd3 and drd4a in dopamine pathway. Similarly, ESK raised the transcription of slc6a1b, slc6a13 and slc12a2 in GABA pathway. This study suggested that ESK could affect the heart rate and behaviors accompanying with transcriptional alterations of genes in DA and GABA pathways at early-staged zebrafish, which resulted in neurotoxicity in zebrafish larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, SCNU Environmental Research Institute, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wen-Jun Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, SCNU Environmental Research Institute, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Dong-Dong Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, SCNU Environmental Research Institute, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jin-Ge Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, SCNU Environmental Research Institute, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, SCNU Environmental Research Institute, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Long
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, SCNU Environmental Research Institute, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Anti-Drug Technology Center of Guangdong Province and National Anti-Drug Laboratory Guangdong Regional Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychoactive Substances Monitoring and Safety, Guangzhou, 510230, China
| | - Chu-Shu Huang
- Anti-Drug Technology Center of Guangdong Province and National Anti-Drug Laboratory Guangdong Regional Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychoactive Substances Monitoring and Safety, Guangzhou, 510230, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, SCNU Environmental Research Institute, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Wang H, Xu J, Yuan Y, Wang Z, Zhang W, Li J. The Exploration of Joint Toxicity and Associated Mechanisms of Primary Microplastics and Methamphetamine in Zebrafish Larvae. TOXICS 2024; 12:64. [PMID: 38251019 PMCID: PMC10820113 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The co-existence of microplastics (MPs) and methamphetamine (METH) in aquatic ecosystems has been widely reported; however, the joint toxicity and associated mechanisms remain unclear. Here, zebrafish larvae were exposed individually or jointly to polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) MPs (20 mg/L) and METH (1 and 5 mg/L) for 10 days. The mortality, behavioral functions, and histopathology of fish from different groups were determined. PS MPs posed a stronger lethal risk to fish than PVC MPs, while the addition of METH at 5 mg/L significantly increased mortality. Obvious deposition of MPs was observed in the larvae's intestinal tract in the exposure groups. Meanwhile, treatment with MPs induced intestinal deposits and intestinal hydrops in the fish, and this effect was enhanced with the addition of METH. Furthermore, MPs significantly suppressed the locomotor activation of zebrafish larvae, showing extended immobility duration and lower velocity. METH stimulated the outcome of PS but had no effect on the fish exposed to PVC. However, combined exposure to MPs and METH significantly increased the turn angle, which declined in individual MP exposure groups. RNA sequencing and gene quantitative analysis demonstrated that exposure to PS MPs and METH activated the MAPK signaling pathway and the C-type lectin signaling pathway of fish, while joint exposure to PVC MPs and METH stimulated steroid hormone synthesis pathways and the C-type lectin signaling pathway in zebrafish, contributing to cellular apoptosis and immune responses. This study contributes to the understanding of the joint toxicity of microplastics and pharmaceuticals to zebrafish, highlighting the significance of mitigating microplastic pollution to preserve the health of aquatic organisms and human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (H.W.); (J.X.); (Y.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Jindong Xu
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (H.W.); (J.X.); (Y.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Yang Yuan
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (H.W.); (J.X.); (Y.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Zhenglu Wang
- West China School of Public Health, West China Fourth Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (H.W.); (J.X.); (Y.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Jiana Li
- Ningbo Academy of Ecological, Environmental Sciences, Ningbo 315000, China
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Maslov GO, Zabegalov KN, Demin KA, Kolesnikova TO, Kositsyn YM, de Abreu MS, Petersen EV, Kalueff AV. Towards experimental models of delirium utilizing zebrafish. Behav Brain Res 2023; 453:114607. [PMID: 37524203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Delirium is an acute neuropsychiatric condition characterized by impaired behavior and cognition. Although the syndrome has been known for millennia, its CNS mechanisms and risk factors remain poorly understood. Experimental animal models, especially rodent-based, are commonly used to probe various pathogenetic aspects of delirium. Complementing rodents, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) emerges as a promising novel model organism to study delirium. Zebrafish demonstrate high genetic and physiological homology to mammals, easy maintenance, robust behaviors in various sensitive behavioral tests, and the potential to screen for pharmacological agents relevant to delirium. Here, we critically discuss recent developments in the field, and emphasize the developing utility of zebrafish models for translational studies of delirium and deliriant drugs. Overall, the zebrafish represents a valuable and promising aquatic model species whose use may help understand delirium etiology, as well as develop novel therapies for this severely debilitating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleb O Maslov
- Neurobiology Program, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia; Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | | | - Konstantin A Demin
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana O Kolesnikova
- Neurobiology Program, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yuriy M Kositsyn
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Murilo S de Abreu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Elena V Petersen
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- Neurobiology Program, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia; Laboratory of Preclinical Bioscreening, Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Pesochny, Russia; Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
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Nabinger DD, Altenhofen S, Buatois A, Facciol A, Peixoto JV, da Silva JMK, Chatterjee D, Rübensam G, Gerlai R, Bonan CD. Acute administration of a dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist alters behavioral and neural parameters in adult zebrafish. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 125:110753. [PMID: 36934998 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
The dopaminergic neurotransmitter system is implicated in several brain functions and behavioral processes. Alterations in it are associated with the pathogenesis of several human neurological disorders. Pharmacological agents that interact with the dopaminergic system allow the investigation of dopamine-mediated cellular and molecular responses and may elucidate the biological bases of such disorders. Zebrafish, a translationally relevant biomedical research organism, has been successfully employed in prior psychopharmacology studies. Here, we evaluated the effects of quinpirole (dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist) in adult zebrafish on behavioral parameters, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotransmitter levels. Zebrafish received intraperitoneal injections of 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/kg quinpirole or saline (control group) twice with an inter-injection interval of 48 h. All tests were performed 24 h after the second injection. After this acute quinpirole administration, zebrafish exhibited decreased locomotor activity, increased anxiety-like behaviors and memory impairment. However, quinpirole did not affect social and aggressive behavior. Quinpirole-treated fish exhibited stereotypic swimming, characterized by repetitive behavior followed by immobile episodes. Moreover, quinpirole treatment also decreased the number of BDNF-immunoreactive cells in the zebrafish brain. Analysis of neurotransmitter levels demonstrated a significant increase in glutamate and a decrease in serotonin, while no alterations were observed in dopamine. These findings demonstrate that dopaminergic signaling altered by quinpirole administration results in significant behavioral and neuroplastic changes in the central nervous system of zebrafish. Thus, we conclude that the use of quinpirole administration in adult zebrafish may be an appropriate tool for the analysis of mechanisms underlying neurological disorders related to the dopaminergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Dreher Nabinger
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Stefani Altenhofen
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexis Buatois
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Amanda Facciol
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Julia Vasconcellos Peixoto
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Maria Kuhl da Silva
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriel Rübensam
- Centro de Pesquisa em Toxicologia e Farmacologia (INTOX), Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Robert Gerlai
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Carla Denise Bonan
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Cerebrais, Excitotoxicidade e Neuroproteção, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Langova V, Horka P, Hubeny J, Novak T, Vales K, Adamek P, Holubova K, Horacek J. Ketamine disrupts locomotion and electrolocation in a novel model of schizophrenia, Gnathonemus petersii fish. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:1098-1106. [PMID: 36866610 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine a weakly electric fish Gnathonemus petersii (G. petersii) as a candidate model organism of glutamatergic theory of schizophrenia. The idea of G. petersii elevating the modeling of schizophrenia symptoms is based on the fish's electrolocation and electrocommunication abilities. Fish were exposed to the NMDA antagonist ketamine in two distinct series differing in the dose of ketamine. The main finding revealed ketamine-induced disruption of the relationship between electric signaling and behavior indicating impairment of fish navigation. Moreover, lower doses of ketamine significantly increased locomotion and erratic movement and higher doses of ketamine reduced the number of electric organ discharges indicating successful induction of positive schizophrenia-like symptoms and disruption of fish navigation. Additionally, a low dose of haloperidol was used to test the normalization of the positive symptoms to suggest a predictive validity of the model. However, although successfully induced, positive symptoms were not normalized using the low dose of haloperidol; hence, more doses of the typical antipsychotic haloperidol and probably also of a representative of atypical antipsychotic drugs need to be examined to confirm the predictive validity of the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Langova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Horka
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hubeny
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Novak
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Vales
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Adamek
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Holubova
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Horacek
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Demin KA, Kupriyanova OV, Shevyrin VA, Derzhavina KA, Krotova NA, Ilyin NP, Kolesnikova TO, Galstyan DS, Kositsyn YM, Khaybaev AAS, Seredinskaya MV, Dubrovskii Y, Sadykova RG, Nerush MO, Mor MS, Petersen EV, Strekalova T, Efimova EV, Kuvarzin SR, Yenkoyan KB, Bozhko DV, Myrov VO, Kolchanova SM, Polovian AI, Galumov GK, Kalueff AV. Acute behavioral and Neurochemical Effects of Novel N-Benzyl-2-Phenylethylamine Derivatives in Adult Zebrafish. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:1902-1922. [PMID: 35671176 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hallucinogenic drugs potently affect brain and behavior and have also recently emerged as potentially promising agents in pharmacotherapy. Complementing laboratory rodents, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a powerful animal model organism for screening neuroactive drugs, including hallucinogens. Here, we test a battery of ten novel N-benzyl-2-phenylethylamine (NBPEA) derivatives with the 2,4- and 3,4-dimethoxy substitutions in the phenethylamine moiety and the -OCH3, -OCF3, -F, -Cl, and -Br substitutions in the ortho position of the phenyl ring of the N-benzyl moiety, assessing their acute behavioral and neurochemical effects in the adult zebrafish. Overall, substitutions in the Overall, substitutions in the N-benzyl moiety modulate locomotion, and substitutions in the phenethylamine moiety alter zebrafish anxiety-like behavior, also affecting the brain serotonin and/or dopamine turnover. The 24H-NBOMe(F) and 34H-NBOMe(F) treatment also reduced zebrafish despair-like behavior. Computational analyses of zebrafish behavioral data by artificial intelligence identified several distinct clusters for these agents, including anxiogenic/hypolocomotor (24H-NBF, 24H-NBOMe, and 34H-NBF), behaviorally inert (34H-NBBr, 34H-NBCl, and 34H-NBOMe), anxiogenic/hallucinogenic-like (24H-NBBr, 24H-NBCl, and 24H-NBOMe(F)), and anxiolytic/hallucinogenic-like (34H-NBOMe(F)) drugs. Our computational analyses also revealed phenotypic similarity of the behavioral activity of some NBPEAs to that of selected conventional serotonergic and antiglutamatergic hallucinogens. In silico functional molecular activity modeling further supported the overlap of the drug targets for NBPEAs tested here and the conventional serotonergic and antiglutamatergic hallucinogens. Overall, these findings suggest potent neuroactive properties of several novel synthetic NBPEAs, detected in a sensitive in vivo vertebrate model system, the zebrafish, raising the possibility of their potential clinical use and abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin A Demin
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.,Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg 197341, Russia
| | - Olga V Kupriyanova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Volga Region Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia.,Kazan State Medical University, Kazan 420012, Russia
| | - Vadim A Shevyrin
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
| | - Ksenia A Derzhavina
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.,Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg 197341, Russia
| | - Nataliya A Krotova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.,Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg 197341, Russia
| | - Nikita P Ilyin
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.,Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg 197341, Russia
| | - Tatiana O Kolesnikova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.,Neurobiology Program, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - David S Galstyan
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.,Laboratory of Preclinical Bioscreening, Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Pesochny 197758, Russia
| | - Yurii M Kositsyn
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | | | - Maria V Seredinskaya
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Yaroslav Dubrovskii
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg 197341, Russia.,Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.,St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia
| | | | - Maria O Nerush
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg 197341, Russia
| | - Mikael S Mor
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Elena V Petersen
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow 141701, Russia
| | | | - Evgeniya V Efimova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Savelii R Kuvarzin
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Konstantin B Yenkoyan
- Neuroscience Laboratory, COBRAIN Center, M. Heratsi Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan AM 0025, Armenia.,COBRAIN Scientific Educational Center for Fundamental Brain Research, Yerevan AM 0025, Armenia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Allan V Kalueff
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.,Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg 197341, Russia.,Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia.,Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Pesochny 197758, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow 141701, Russia.,COBRAIN Scientific Educational Center for Fundamental Brain Research, Yerevan AM 0025, Armenia.,Scientific Research Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Novosibirsk, 630117, Russia
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Michelotti P, Franscescon F, Müller TE, Rosemberg DB, Pereira ME. Ketamine acutely impairs memory consolidation and repeated exposure promotes stereotyped behavior without changing anxiety- and aggression-like parameters in adult zebrafish. Physiol Behav 2022; 247:113708. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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8
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The development of behavioral sensitization induced by a single morphine exposure in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 113:110456. [PMID: 34662694 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggest that behavioral sensitization is involved in the process of drug addiction. Zebrafish are sensitive to a variety of addictive drugs and are thus suitable for the study of behavioral sensitization. However, in contrast to mature rodent models of behavioral sensitization, how this phenomenon manifests in aquatic organisms, especially zebrafish, is largely unknown. In this study, we developed a morphine-induced behavioral sensitization adult zebrafish model and performed a preliminary investigation of the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Behavioral sensitization was established in zebrafish by observing their behavior after treatment and challenge with morphine. The effect of morphine was evaluated by a behavioral locomotor test. Different doses of morphine and withdrawal times were used to evaluate the establishment of the behavioral sensitization model. RESULTS Hyperlocomotion was induced after administration of morphine in adult zebrafish. After withdrawing the drug for a period, challenge with low-dose morphine evoked behavioral sensitization in zebrafish acutely pre-treated with morphine. Low-dose morphine failed to induce behavioral sensitization in zebrafish if the withdrawal time was less than 5 days or more than 7 days. Morphine induced behavioral sensitization in zebrafish may involve dopaminergic, glutamatergic and opioid systems. CONCLUSION A single low-dose of morphine could induce behavioral sensitization in zebrafish acutely pre-treated with morphine, and this phenomenon was highly correlated with drug dose and withdrawal time. These findings suggest that zebrafish is a suitable model for the study of behavioral sensitization.
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Nabinger DD, Altenhofen S, Peixoto JV, da Silva JMK, Bonan CD. Long-lasting behavioral effects of quinpirole exposure on zebrafish. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2021; 88:107034. [PMID: 34600099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2021.107034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The human brain matures into a complex structure, and to reach its complete development, connections must occur along exact paths. If at any stage, the processes are altered, interrupted, or inhibited, the consequences can be permanent. Dopaminergic signaling participates in the control of physiological functions and behavioral processes, and alterations in this signaling pathway are related to the pathogenesis of several neurological disorders. For this reason, the use of pharmacological agents able to interact with the dopaminergic signaling may elucidate the biological bases of such disorders. We investigated the long-lasting behavioral effects on adult zebrafish after quinpirole (a dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist) exposure during early life stages of development (24 h exposure at 5 days post-fertilization, dpf) to better understand the mechanisms underlying neurological disorders related to the dopaminergic system. Quinpirole exposure at the early life stages of zebrafish led to late behavioral alterations. When evaluated at 120 dpf, zebrafish presented increased anxiety-like behaviors. At the open tank test, fish remained longer at the bottom of the tank, indicating anxiety-like behavior. Furthermore, quinpirole-treated fish exhibited increased absolute turn angle, likely an indication of elevated erratic movements and a sign of increased fear or anxiety. Quinpirole-treated fish also showed altered swimming patterns, characterized by stereotypic swimming. During the open tank test, exposed zebrafish swims from corner to corner in a repetitive manner at the bottom of the tank. Moreover, quinpirole exposure led to memory impairment compared to control fish. However, quinpirole administration had no effects on social and aggressive behavior. These findings demonstrate that dopaminergic signaling altered by quinpirole administration in the early life stages of development led to late alterations in behavioral parameters of adult zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Dreher Nabinger
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Stefani Altenhofen
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Vasconcellos Peixoto
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Maria Kuhl da Silva
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Denise Bonan
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Cerebrais, Excitotoxicidade e Neuroproteção, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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10
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A wake-up call: Sleep physiology and related translational discrepancies in studies of rapid-acting antidepressants. Prog Neurobiol 2021; 206:102140. [PMID: 34403718 PMCID: PMC9583188 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2021.102140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Depression is frequently associated with sleep problems, and clinical improvement often coincides with the normalization of sleep architecture and realignment of circadian rhythm. The effectiveness of treatments targeting sleep in depressed patients, such as sleep deprivation, further demonstrates the confluence of sleep and mood. Moreover, recent studies showing that the rapid-acting antidepressant ketamine influences processes related to sleep-wake neurobiology have led to novel hypotheses explaining rapid and sustained antidepressant effects. Despite the available evidence, studies addressing ketamine’s antidepressant effects have focused on pharmacology and often overlooked the role of physiology. To explore this discrepancy in research on rapid-acting antidepressants, we examined articles published between 2009–2019. A keyword search algorithm indicated that vast majority of the articles completely ignored sleep. Out of the 100 most frequently cited preclinical and clinical research papers, 89 % and 71 %, respectively, did not mention sleep at all. Furthermore, only a handful of these articles disclosed key experimental variables, such as the times of treatment administration or behavioral testing, let alone considered the potential association between these variables and experimental observations. Notably, in preclinical studies, treatments were preferentially administered during the inactive period, which is the polar opposite of clinical practice and research. We discuss the potential impact of this practice on the results in the field. Our hope is that this perspective will serve as a wake-up call to (re)-examine rapid-acting antidepressant effects with more appreciation for the role of sleep and chronobiology.
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Benvenutti R, Gallas-Lopes M, Marcon M, Reschke CR, Herrmann AP, Piato A. Glutamate Nmda Receptor Antagonists With Relevance To Schizophrenia: A Review Of Zebrafish Behavioral Studies. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 20:494-509. [PMID: 33588731 PMCID: PMC9608229 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210215121428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia pathophysiology is associated with hypofunction of glutamate NMDA receptors (NMDAR) in GABAergic interneurons and dopaminergic hyperactivation in subcortical brain areas. The administration of NMDAR antagonists is used as an animal model that replicates behavioral phenotypes relevant to the positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. Such models overwhelmingly rely on rodents, which may lead to species-specific biases and poor translatability. Zebrafish, however, is increasingly used as a model organism to study evolutionarily conserved aspects of behavior. We thus aimed to review and integrate the major findings reported in the zebrafish literature regarding the behavioral effects of NMDAR antagonists with relevance to schizophrenia. We identified 44 research articles that met our inclusion criteria from 590 studies retrieved from MEDLINE (PubMed) and Web of Science databases. Dizocilpine (MK-801) and ketamine were employed in 29 and 10 studies, respectively. The use of other NMDAR antagonists, such as phencyclidine (PCP), APV, memantine, and tiletamine, was described in 6 studies. Frequently reported findings are the social interaction and memory deficits induced by MK-801 and circling behavior induced by ketamine. However, mixed results were described for several locomotor and exploratory parameters in the novel tank and open tank tests. The present review integrates the most relevant results while discussing variation in experimental design and methodological procedures. We conclude that zebrafish is a suitable model organism to study drug-induced behavioral phenotypes relevant to schizophrenia. However, more studies are necessary to further characterize the major differences in behavior as compared to mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radharani Benvenutti
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS. Brazil
| | - Matheus Gallas-Lopes
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS. Brazil
| | - Matheus Marcon
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS. Brazil
| | - Cristina R Reschke
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin. Ireland
| | - Ana Paula Herrmann
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS. Brazil
| | - Angelo Piato
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS. Brazil
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12
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Wang Z, Xu Z, Wu Y, Zhang Z, Li X. Impact of ketamine on the behavior and immune system of adult medaka (Oryzias latipes) at environmentally relevant concentrations and eco-risk assessment in surface water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 393:121577. [PMID: 32126430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This work for the first time investigated the bioconcentration factor (BCF), toxicity, and eco-risk of KET using adult medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) as model organism after exposure at environmental concentrations (0.05-0.5 μg L-1) and higher levels (5-100 μg L-1) for 90 days. The BCF of KET was approximately 1.07- to 10.94- folds. The behavioral functions, including swimming properties, feeding rate, and food preference, were significantly impacted by KET (≥0.05 μg L-1). After 90-days exposure, KET induced histological abnormalities in liver and kidney tissue at 0.1 and 0.2 μg L-1, respectively. Additionally, the condition factor, hepatic-somatic index (HSI), and nephric-somatic index (NSI) of medaka were markedly impacted by KET treatment at 0.5, 0.5, and 0.1 μg L-1, respectively. Morphological inflammation (i.e., haemorrhage and erosion) in the fish body was observed exposed to KET, and the EC10 value was 0.407 μg L-1. Alterations in the expressions of genes (i.e., cacna1c, oxtr, erk1, and c-fos) and proteins (i.e., OXT and PKA), involved in in calcium ion channels induced by KET, could partly elucidate the underlying mechanism of the toxicity. The inflammatory risk to fish posed by KET in some rivers in southern China was at high level, suggesting the long-term concentration monitoring was required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglu Wang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China; Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
| | - Zeqiong Xu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Yuexia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, 210008, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhaobin Zhang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Xiqing Li
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China.
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13
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Rapid well-plate assays for motor and social behaviors in larval zebrafish. Behav Brain Res 2020; 391:112625. [PMID: 32428631 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Behavior phenotypes are a powerful means of uncovering subtle xenobiotic chemical impacts on vertebrate nervous system development. Rodents manifest complex and informative behavior phenotypes but are generally not practical models in which to screen large numbers of chemicals. Zebrafish recapitulate much of the behavioral complexity of higher vertebrates, develop externally and are amenable to assay automation. Short duration automated assays can be leveraged to screen large numbers of chemicals or comprehensive dose-response for fewer chemicals. Here we describe a series of mostly automated assays including larval photomotor response, strobe light response, blue color avoidance, shoaling and mirror stimulus-response performed on the ZebraBox (ViewPoint Behavior Technologies) instrument platform. To explore the sensitivity and uniqueness of each assay endpoint, larval cohorts from 5 to 28 days post fertilization were acutely exposed to several chemicals broadly understood to impact different neuro-activities. We highlight the throughput advantages of using the same instrument platform for multiple assays and the ability of different assays to detect unique phenotypes among different chemicals.
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14
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Zhou X, Liu J, Yang S, Su Y, Meng Z, Hu Y. Ketamine ameliorates hypoxia-induced endothelial injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2020; 75:e1865. [PMID: 32935825 PMCID: PMC7470431 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2020/e1865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hypoxia leads to endothelial cell inflammation, apoptosis, and damage, which plays an important role in the complications associated with ischemic cardiovascular disease. As an oxidoreductase, p66Shc plays an important role in the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis. Ketamine is widely used in clinics. This study was designed to assess the potential protective effect of ketamine against hypoxia-induced injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Moreover, we explored the potential mechanism by which ketamine protected against hypoxia-induced endothelial injury. METHODS The protective effects of ketamine against hypoxia-induced injury was assessed using cell viability and adhesion assays, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting. RESULTS Our data showed that hypoxia reduced HUVEC viability, increased the adhesion between HUVECs and monocytes, and upregulated the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules at the protein and mRNA levels. Moreover, hypoxia increased ROS accumulation and upregulated p66Shc expression. Furthermore, hypoxia downregulated sirt1 expression in HUVECs. Alternatively, ketamine was shown to reverse the hypoxia-mediated reduction of cell viability and increase in the adhesion between HUVECs and monocytes, ameliorate hypoxia-induced ROS accumulation, and suppress p66Shc expression. Moreover, EX527, a sirt1 inhibitor, reversed the protective effects of ketamine against the hypoxia-mediated reduction of cell viability and increase in adhesion between HUVECs and monocytes. CONCLUSION Ketamine reduces hypoxia-induced p66Shc expression and attenuates ROS accumulation via upregulating sirt1 in HUVECs, thus attenuating hypoxia-induced endothelial cell inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of HuZhou University, 198 Hongqi Road, Huzhou 31300, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Anesthesia, Huzhou Maternal & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyi Yang
- Affiliated Central Hospital, HuZhou University, Emergency Department of Huzhou Central Hospital, 198 Hongqi Road, Huzhou 31300, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanguang Su
- Anesthesiology Department, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of HuZhou University, 198 Hongqi Road, Huzhou 31300, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhipeng Meng
- Anesthesiology Department, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of HuZhou University, 198 Hongqi Road, Huzhou 31300, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- *Corresponding authors. E-mails: /
| | - Yuqin Hu
- Anesthesiology Department, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of HuZhou University, 198 Hongqi Road, Huzhou 31300, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- *Corresponding authors. E-mails: /
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15
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Langova V, Vales K, Horka P, Horacek J. The Role of Zebrafish and Laboratory Rodents in Schizophrenia Research. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:703. [PMID: 33101067 PMCID: PMC7500259 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe disorder characterized by positive, negative and cognitive symptoms, which are still not fully understood. The development of efficient antipsychotics requires animal models of a strong validity, therefore the aims of the article were to summarize the construct, face and predictive validity of schizophrenia models based on rodents and zebrafish, to compare the advantages and disadvantages of these models, and to propose future directions in schizophrenia modeling and indicate when it is reasonable to combine these models. The advantages of rodent models stem primarily from the high homology between rodent and human physiology, neurochemistry, brain morphology and circuitry. The advantages of zebrafish models stem in the high fecundity, fast development and transparency of the embryo. Disadvantages of both models originate in behavioral repertoires not allowing specific symptoms to be modeled, even when the models are combined. Especially modeling the verbal component of certain positive, negative and cognitive symptoms is currently impossible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Langova
- Translational Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Prague, Czechia.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Karel Vales
- Translational Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petra Horka
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiri Horacek
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,Brain Electrophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Prague, Czechia
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16
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Yin X, Guo C, Teng Y, Xu J. Development and application of the analytical method for illicit drugs and metabolites in fish tissues. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 233:532-541. [PMID: 31185337 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a screening method for highly accurate and sensitive analysis of 12 illicit drugs and metabolites in fish tissues. The approach was based on ultrasonic-assisted extraction and solid phase extraction, followed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The homogenized samples were ultrasonic-assisted extracted with 1% acetic acid in methanol followed by SPE cleanup with Oasis MCX cartridge. The method was validated in accordance with the European Medicines Agency guidelines by evaluating the following required parameters: the limits of detection and limits of quantification, linearity, accuracy, repeatability, recovery of extraction, and matrix effect. For the tissues involved in this study, the recoveries ranged from 60% to 127%, and the matrix effect ranged from -19% to 83% with the inter- and intra-day variability below 12%. The method has been successfully applied to wild fish caught from six sampling sites of four urban rivers in Beijing, China. The analysis showed that the target compounds, including amphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, codeine and heroin were detected with high detection frequencies. Codeine exhibited the highest bioaccumulation factor (up to 73,986) in the muscle of Crucian carp, while ketamine tended to accumulate in the skin, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine and heroin tended to accumulate in gastrointestinal tract, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Changsheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yanguo Teng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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17
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Demin KA, Meshalkina DA, Volgin AD, Yakovlev OV, de Abreu MS, Alekseeva PA, Friend AJ, Lakstygal AM, Zabegalov K, Amstislavskaya TG, Strekalova T, Bao W, Kalueff AV. Developing zebrafish experimental animal models relevant to schizophrenia. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 105:126-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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18
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Gawel K, Banono NS, Michalak A, Esguerra CV. A critical review of zebrafish schizophrenia models: Time for validation? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 107:6-22. [PMID: 31381931 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that affects 1% of the population worldwide and is manifested as a broad spectrum of symptoms, from hallucinations to memory impairment. It is believed that genetic and/or environmental factors may contribute to the occurrence of this disease. Recently, the zebrafish has emerged as a valuable and attractive model for various neurological disorders including schizophrenia. In this review, we describe current pharmacological models of schizophrenia with special emphasis on providing insights into the pros and cons of using zebrafish as a behavioural model of this disease. Moreover, we highlight the advantages and utility of using zebrafish for elucidating the genetic mechanisms underlying this psychiatric disorder. We believe that the zebrafish has high potential also in the area of precision medicine and may complement the development of therapeutics, especially for pharmacoresistant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Gawel
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway; Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego St. 8b, 20-090, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Nancy Saana Banono
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Agnieszka Michalak
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki St. 4A, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Camila V Esguerra
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway; Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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19
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Samarut É, Nixon J, Kundap UP, Drapeau P, Ellis LD. Single and Synergistic Effects of Cannabidiol and Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol on Zebrafish Models of Neuro-Hyperactivity. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:226. [PMID: 30949046 PMCID: PMC6435997 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of the two main active cannabinoids extracted from cannabis: Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) on two distinct behavioral models of induced neuro-hyperactivity. We have taken advantage of two previously developed zebrafish models of neuro-hyperactivity: a chemically induced pentylenetetrazole model and a genetic model caused by loss-of-function mutations in the GABA receptor subunit alpha 1 (GABRA1−/−). Both CBD and THC have a significant effect on the behavioral changes induced by both models. Importantly, we have also shown that when applied together at different ratios of THC to CBD (1:1, 1:5, and 1:10), there was a synergistic effect at a ratio of 1:1. This was particularly important for the genetically induced neuro-hyperactivity as it brought the concentrations of THC and CBD required to oppose the induced behavioral changes to levels that had much less of an effect on baseline larval behavior. The results of this study help to validate the ability of THC and CBD to oppose neuro-hyperactivity linked to seizure modalities. Additionally, it appears that individually, each cannabinoid may be more effective against the chemically induced model than against the GABRA1−/− transgenic model. However, when applied together, the concentration of each compound required to oppose the GABRA1−/− light-induced activity was lowered. This is of particular interest since the use of cannabinoids as therapeutics can be dampened by their side-effect profile. Reducing the level of each cannabinoid required may help to prevent off target effects that lead to side effects. Additionally, this study provides a validation of the complimentary nature of the two zebrafish models and sets a platform for future work with cannabinoids, particularly in the context of neuro-hyperactivity disorders such as epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éric Samarut
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital Center (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Modelis Inc., Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jessica Nixon
- National Research Council of Canada, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Uday P Kundap
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital Center (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Drapeau
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital Center (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Lee D Ellis
- National Research Council of Canada, Halifax, NS, Canada
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20
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Wang Z, Xu Z, Li X. Impacts of methamphetamine and ketamine on C.elegans's physiological functions at environmentally relevant concentrations and eco-risk assessment in surface waters. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 363:268-276. [PMID: 30312923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, C. elegans as a model organism was treated with methamphetamine (METH) and ketamine (KET) to assess its eco-toxicity at a range (0.05-250 μg L-1) that covers environmentally relevant concentrations (0.05-0.5 μg L-1). METH (≥0.05 μg L-1) and KET (≥0.5 μg L-1) significantly affected the feeding rate, locomotion, gustation and olfaction (P < 0.05), which may result in pronounced disturbance to aquatic ecology. Alterations in the contents of neurotransmitters (i.e., octopamine (OA), dopamine (DA), and serotonin (5-HT)) correlated with the physiology change. The metabolic activities and the antioxidase activity (i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT)) of METH and KET in C. elegans were different, which could partly explain the difference of the physiological changes induced by the two substances. Moreover, these two drugs could induce vulva deformity, and the 50% effect concentrations were 620.34 μg L-1 for METH and 54.39 μg L-1 for KET, respectively. The risk quotients (RQ) in two Chinese rivers, the Shenzhen and Liangshui River, were calculated to assess eco-risks of METH and KET. RQs of KET in the Shenzhen River were over 0.1 at the medium risk level, indicating that eco-risks of illicit drugs to aquatic organism cannot be overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglu Wang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zeqiong Xu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiqing Li
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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21
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Torres G, Hoehmann CL, Cuoco JA, Hitscherich K, Pavia C, Hadjiargyrou M, Leheste JR. Ketamine intervention limits pathogen expansion in vitro. Pathog Dis 2018; 76:4819281. [PMID: 29365093 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/fty006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ketamine is one of several clinically important drugs whose therapeutic efficacy is due in part to their ability to act upon ion channels prevalent in nearly all biological systems. In studying eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms in vitro, we show that ketamine short-circuits the growth and spatial expansion of three microorganisms, Stachybotrys chartarum, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Borrelia burgdorferi, at doses efficient at reducing depression-like behaviors in mouse models of clinical depression. Although our findings do not reveal the mechanism(s) by which ketamine mediates its antifungal and antibacterial effects, we hypothesize that a function of L-glutamate signal transduction is associated with the ability of ketamine to limit pathogen expansion. In general, our findings illustrate the functional similarities between fungal, bacterial and human ion channels, and suggest that ketamine or its metabolites not only act in neurons, as previously thought, but also in microbial communities colonizing human body surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- German Torres
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Northern Blvd, Old Westbury, NY 11568-8000, USA
| | - Christopher L Hoehmann
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Northern Blvd, Old Westbury, NY 11568-8000, USA
| | - Joshua A Cuoco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Northern Blvd, Old Westbury, NY 11568-8000, USA
| | - Kyle Hitscherich
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Northern Blvd, Old Westbury, NY 11568-8000, USA
| | - Charles Pavia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Northern Blvd, Old Westbury, NY 11568-8000, USA
| | - Michael Hadjiargyrou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Northern Blvd, Old Westbury, NY 11568-8000, USA
| | - Joerg R Leheste
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Northern Blvd, Old Westbury, NY 11568-8000, USA
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22
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Ketamine modulates aggressive behavior in adult zebrafish. Neurosci Lett 2018; 684:164-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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23
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Andrade TS, de Oliveira R, da Silva ML, Von Zuben MV, Grisolia CK, Domingues I, Caldas ED, Pic-Taylor A. Exposure to ayahuasca induces developmental and behavioral alterations on early life stages of zebrafish. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 293:133-140. [PMID: 30086270 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a psychoactive concoction prepared from the plants Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis which are used ancestrally by Amazonian Indian populations and more recently, by Christian religious groups in Brazil and other countries. The aims of the present study were to identify the effects of ayahuasca on zebrafish embryo development and neurobehavior. Toxicity and developmental endpoints for zebrafish embryos were assessed from 0 to 1000 mg/L over 96 h of exposure. The effects on locomotor activity of zebrafish larvae were assessed using a video tracking system (ZebraBox) from 0 to 20 mg/L and after 120 and 144 h of exposure. The LC50 of ayahuasca in zebrafish was determined as 236.3 mg/L. Ayahuasca exposure caused significant developmental anomalies in zebrafish embryos, mainly at the highest concentration tested, including hatching delay, loss of equilibrium, edema and the accumulation of red blood cells. Embryo behavior was also significantly affected, with decreased locomotor activity at the highest concentration tested. These results are in accordance with data obtained in mammal studies highlighting the possible risks of uncontrolled use of ayahuasca. Further research employing more specific behavior analysis could provide additional data on both therapeutic benefits and possible toxicological risk of ayahuasca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thayres S Andrade
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia-DF, Brazil
| | - Rhaul de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia-DF, Brazil; School of Technology, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil; Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis Postgraduate Program, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Muriel Lopes da Silva
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia-DF, Brazil
| | | | - Cesar Koppe Grisolia
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia-DF, Brazil
| | - Inês Domingues
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus of Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Eloisa Dutra Caldas
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia-DF, Brazil
| | - Aline Pic-Taylor
- Laboratory of Embryology and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia-DF, Brazil.
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24
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Mezzomo NJ, Fontana BD, Kalueff AV, Barcellos LJ, Rosemberg DB. Understanding taurine CNS activity using alternative zebrafish models. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 90:471-485. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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25
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Liao PH, Yang WK, Yang CH, Lin CH, Hwang CC, Chen PJ. Illicit drug ketamine induces adverse effects from behavioral alterations and oxidative stress to p53-regulated apoptosis in medaka fish under environmentally relevant exposures. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 237:1062-1071. [PMID: 29146197 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
With increasing problems of drug abuse worldwide, aquatic ecosystems are contaminated by human pharmaceuticals from the discharge of hospital or municipal effluent. However, ecotoxicity data and related toxic mechanism for neuroactive controlled or illicit drugs are still lacking, so assessing the associated hazardous risk is difficult. This study aims to investigate the behavioral changes, oxidative stress, gene expression and neurotoxic or apoptosis effect(s) in larvae of medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) with environmentally relevant exposures of ketamine (KET) solutions for 1-14 days. KET exposure at an environmentally relevant concentration (0.004 μM) to 40 μM conferred specific patterns in larval swimming behavior during 24 h. At 14 days, such exposure induced dose- and/or time-dependent alteration on reactive oxygen species induction, the activity of antioxidants catalase and superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase and malondialdehyde contents in fish bodies. KET-induced oxidative stress disrupted the expression of acetylcholinesterase and p53-regulated apoptosis pathways and increased caspase expression in medaka larvae. The toxic responses of medaka larvae, in terms of chemical effects, were qualitatively analogous to those of zebrafish and mammals. Our results implicate a toxicological impact of waterborne KET on fish development and human health, for potential ecological risks of directly releasing neuroactive drugs-containing wastewater into the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Han Liao
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Kai Yang
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsin Yang
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hon Lin
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chu Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jen Chen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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26
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Martins T, Diniz E, Félix LM, Antunes L. Evaluation of anaesthetic protocols for laboratory adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197846. [PMID: 29787611 PMCID: PMC5963751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, the use of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in biomedical research has increased. Anaesthesia is daily used in fish during experimental procedures to avoid discomfort, stress or pain. Also, fish welfare and the reliability of results can be compromised if an unsuitable anaesthetic protocol is used. Therefore, we aimed to refine anaesthetic protocols to be used in adult zebrafish by evaluating the efficacy of different anaesthetics, used alone or in combination. For that, zebrafish were randomly assigned to 8 different groups: 100 μg/mLMS-222 (MS); 0.2 μg/mL etomidate (E); 0.2 μg/mL etomidate + 100 μg/mL lidocaine (E+L); 1.25 μg/mL propofol (P); 1.25 μg/mL propofol + 100 μg/mL lidocaine (P+L); 100 μg/mL ketamine (K); 100 μg/mL ketamine + 1.25 μg/mL medetomidine (K+M); and 100 μg/mL ketamine + 1.25 μg/mL medetomidine/3.125 μg/mL atipamezole (K+M/A). The animals were placed in an anaesthetic water bath, then, the following parameters were registered: time for equilibrium loss and anaesthesia induction, loss of sensitivity to soft and painful stimuli, respiratory rate, recovery time, and activity after recovery. The combined forms of E+L, P+L and K+M were the fastest to induce a surgical anaesthetic stage. Nevertheless, E+L induced respiratory depression, while K+M was shown to have the longer recovery time compared to MS-222, even when atipamezole was added. In conclusion, the P+L combination was shown to provide good anaesthesia with analgesia, without causing a major respiratory depression, providing as well a quick recovery, similar to MS-222.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Martins
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Enoque Diniz
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Departamento de Sanidade Animal (DSA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária (FMV), Universidade José Eduardo dos Santos (UJES), Huambo, Angola
| | - Luís M. Félix
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Institute for Investigation and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Antunes
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Institute for Investigation and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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27
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Bui S, Oppedal F, Samsing F, Dempster T. Behaviour in Atlantic salmon confers protection against an ectoparasite. J Zool (1987) 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Bui
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory – Temperate and Tropical (SALTT) School of BioSciences University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic Australia
- Institute of Marine Research Matredal Norway
| | - F. Oppedal
- Institute of Marine Research Matredal Norway
| | - F. Samsing
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory – Temperate and Tropical (SALTT) School of BioSciences University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic Australia
| | - T. Dempster
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory – Temperate and Tropical (SALTT) School of BioSciences University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic Australia
- Institute of Marine Research Matredal Norway
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28
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Understanding taurine CNS activity using alternative zebrafish models. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 83:525-539. [PMID: 28916270 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Taurine is a highly abundant "amino acid" in the brain. Despite the potential neuroactive role of taurine in vertebrates has long been recognized, the underlying molecular mechanisms related to its pleiotropic effects in the brain remain poorly understood. Due to the genetic tractability, rich behavioral repertoire, neurochemical conservation, and small size, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a powerful candidate for neuropsychopharmacology investigation and in vivo drug screening. Here, we summarize the main physiological roles of taurine in mammals, including neuromodulation, osmoregulation, membrane stabilization, and antioxidant action. In this context, we also highlight how zebrafish models of brain disorders may present interesting approaches to assess molecular mechanisms underlying positive effects of taurine in the brain. Finally, we outline recent advances in zebrafish drug screening that significantly improve neuropsychiatric translational researches and small molecule screens.
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29
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Félix LM, Antunes LM, Coimbra AM, Valentim AM. Behavioral alterations of zebrafish larvae after early embryonic exposure to ketamine. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:549-558. [PMID: 27933364 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Ketamine has been associated with pediatric risks that include neurocognitive impairment and long-term behavioral disorders. However, the neurobehavioral effects of ketamine exposure in early development remain uncertain. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to test stage- and dose-dependent effects of ketamine exposure on certain brain functions by evaluating alterations in locomotion, anxiety-like and avoidance behaviors, as well as socialization. METHODS Embryos were exposed to different concentrations of ketamine (0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 mg mL-1) for 20 min during the 256-cell (2.5 h post fertilization-hpf), 50% epiboly (5.5 hpf), and 1-4 somites (10.5 hpf) stages. General exploratory activities, natural escape-like responses, and social interactions were analyzed under continuous light or under a moving light stimulus. RESULTS A dose-dependent decrease in the overall mean speed was perceived in the embryos exposed during the 256-cell stage. These results were related to previously observed head and eye malformations, following ketamine exposure at this stage and may indicate possible neurobehavioral disorders when ketamine exposure is performed at this stage. Results also showed that ketamine exposure during the 50% epiboly and 1-4 somites stages induced a significant increment of the anxiety-like behavior and a decrease in avoidance behavior in all exposed groups. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the results validate the neurodevelopmental risks of early-life exposure to ketamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís M Félix
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal.
- Laboratory Animal Science (LAS), Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Luís M Antunes
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory Animal Science (LAS), Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
- School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana M Coimbra
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana M Valentim
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory Animal Science (LAS), Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
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30
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Ponzoni L, Braida D, Bondiolotti G, Sala M. The Non-Peptide Arginine-Vasopressin v 1a Selective Receptor Antagonist, SR49059, Blocks the Rewarding, Prosocial, and Anxiolytic Effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine and Its Derivatives in Zebra Fish. Front Psychiatry 2017; 8:146. [PMID: 28855876 PMCID: PMC5557732 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and its derivatives, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromo-amphetamine hydrobromide (DOB) and para-methoxyamphetamine (PMA), are recreational drugs whose pharmacological effects have recently been attributed to serotonin 5HT2A/C receptors. However, there is growing evidence that the oxytocin (OT)/vasopressin system can modulate some the effects of MDMA. In this study, MDMA (2.5-10 mg/kg), DOB (0.5 mg/kg), or PMA (0.005, 0.1, or 0.25 mg/kg) were administered intramuscularly to adult zebra fish, alone or in combination with the V1a vasopressin antagonist, SR49059 (0.01-1 ng/kg), before carrying out conditioned place preference (CPP), social preference, novel tank diving, and light-dark tests in order to evaluate subsequent rewarding, social, and emotional-like behavior. The combination of SR49059 and each drug progressively blocked: (1) rewarding behavior as measured by CPP in terms of time spent in drug-paired compartment; (2) prosocial effects measured on the basis of the time spent in the proximity of a nacre fish picture; and (3) anxiolytic effects in terms of the time spent in the upper half of the novel tank and in the white compartment of the tank used for the light-dark test. Antagonism was obtained at SR49059 doses which, when given alone, did not change motor function. In comparison with a control group, receiving vehicle alone, there was a three to five times increase in the brain release of isotocin (the analog of OT in fish) after treatment with the most active doses of MDMA (10 mg/kg), DOB (0.5 mg/kg), and PMA (0.1 mg/kg) as evaluated by means of bioanalytical reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Taken together, these findings show that the OT/vasopressin system is involved in the rewarding, prosocial, and anxiolytic effects of MDMA, DOB, and PMA in zebra fish and underline the association between this system and the behavioral alterations associated with disorders related to substance abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Braida
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianpietro Bondiolotti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariaelvina Sala
- Institute of Neuroscience, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Milan, Italy
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31
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Martins T, Valentim AM, Pereira N, Antunes LM. Anaesthesia and analgesia in laboratory adult zebrafish: a question of refinement. Lab Anim 2016; 50:476-488. [DOI: 10.1177/0023677216670686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Anaesthesia is used daily in fish experimental procedures; however, the use of an inadequate anaesthetic protocol can compromise not only the animal's welfare but also the reliability of results. The use of zebrafish ( Danio rerio) in biomedical research has increased in the last decades, highlighting the importance of appropriate anaesthetic regimens for this species. This article reviews the main anaesthetic agents and protocols used in laboratory adult zebrafish, and some of the analgesic methods to be used in this species that still need more research. In addition, a systematized observation of signs is proposed to evaluate adult zebrafish welfare to reduce pain and distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Martins
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmetal and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana M. Valentim
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmetal and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory Animal Science Group, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Pereira
- Oceanário de Lisboa, Esplanada D Carlos I, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC), Oeiras, Portugal
- ISPA – Instituto Universitário, Lisboa, Portugal
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), Nova Medical School, Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luis M. Antunes
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmetal and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory Animal Science Group, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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32
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Ritanserin-sensitive receptors modulate the prosocial and the anxiolytic effect of MDMA derivatives, DOB and PMA, in zebrafish. Behav Brain Res 2016; 314:181-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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33
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Félix LM, Serafim C, Valentim AM, Antunes LM, Campos S, Matos M, Coimbra AM. Embryonic Stage-Dependent Teratogenicity of Ketamine in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:1298-309. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luís M. Félix
- Centre
for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological
Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratory
Animal Science (LAS), Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
- Institute
for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Cindy Serafim
- Life
Sciences and Environment School (ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana M. Valentim
- Centre
for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological
Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratory
Animal Science (LAS), Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
- Institute
for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís M. Antunes
- Centre
for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological
Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratory
Animal Science (LAS), Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
- Institute
for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
- School
of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Sónia Campos
- Centre
for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological
Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratory
Animal Science (LAS), Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
- Institute
for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Matos
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department
of Genetics and Biotechnology (DGB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana M. Coimbra
- Centre
for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological
Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
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Kyzar EJ, Kalueff AV. Exploring Hallucinogen Pharmacology and Psychedelic Medicine with Zebrafish Models. Zebrafish 2016; 13:379-90. [PMID: 27002655 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2016.1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
After decades of sociopolitical obstacles, the field of psychiatry is experiencing a revived interest in the use of hallucinogenic agents to treat brain disorders. Along with the use of ketamine for depression, recent pilot studies have highlighted the efficacy of classic serotonergic hallucinogens, such as lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocybin, in treating addiction, post-traumatic stress disorder, and anxiety. However, many basic pharmacological and toxicological questions remain unanswered with regard to these compounds. In this study, we discuss psychedelic medicine as well as the behavioral and toxicological effects of hallucinogenic drugs in zebrafish. We emphasize this aquatic organism as a model ideally suited to assess both the potential toxic and therapeutic effects of major known classes of hallucinogenic compounds. In addition, novel drugs with hallucinogenic properties can be efficiently screened using zebrafish models. Well-designed preclinical studies utilizing zebrafish can contribute to the reemerging treatment paradigm of psychedelic medicine, leading to new avenues of clinical exploration for psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan J Kyzar
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- 2 Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University (GDOU) , Zhanjiang, China .,3 ZENEREI Institute , Slidell, Louisiana.,4 Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University , St. Petersburg, Russia .,5 Institutes of Chemical Technology and Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University , Ekaterinburg, Russia .,6 The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) , Slidell, Louisiana
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35
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Félix LM, Vidal AM, Serafim C, Valentim AM, Antunes LM, Campos S, Matos M, Monteiro SM, Coimbra AM. Ketamine-induced oxidative stress at different developmental stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08298j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The changes induced by ketamine exposure were developmental stage-dependent, and related with the gradual development of the antioxidant defense system of the embryo, which is dependent on changes in energy-sensing pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís M. Félix
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD)
- Vila Real
- Portugal
- Laboratory Animal Science (LAS)
| | - Ana M. Vidal
- Life Sciences and Environment School (ECVA)
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD)
- Vila Real
- Portugal
| | - Cindy Serafim
- Life Sciences and Environment School (ECVA)
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD)
- Vila Real
- Portugal
| | - Ana M. Valentim
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD)
- Vila Real
- Portugal
- Laboratory Animal Science (LAS)
| | - Luís M. Antunes
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD)
- Vila Real
- Portugal
- Laboratory Animal Science (LAS)
| | - Sónia Campos
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD)
- Vila Real
- Portugal
- Laboratory Animal Science (LAS)
| | - Manuela Matos
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI)
- Faculty of Sciences
- University of Lisboa
- Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - Sandra M. Monteiro
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD)
- Vila Real
- Portugal
| | - Ana M. Coimbra
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD)
- Vila Real
- Portugal
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Kalueff AV, Echevarria DJ, Homechaudhuri S, Stewart AM, Collier AD, Kaluyeva AA, Li S, Liu Y, Chen P, Wang J, Yang L, Mitra A, Pal S, Chaudhuri A, Roy A, Biswas M, Roy D, Podder A, Poudel MK, Katare DP, Mani RJ, Kyzar EJ, Gaikwad S, Nguyen M, Song C. Zebrafish neurobehavioral phenomics for aquatic neuropharmacology and toxicology research. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 170:297-309. [PMID: 26372090 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are rapidly emerging as an important model organism for aquatic neuropharmacology and toxicology research. The behavioral/phenotypic complexity of zebrafish allows for thorough dissection of complex human brain disorders and drug-evoked pathological states. As numerous zebrafish models become available with a wide spectrum of behavioral, genetic, and environmental methods to test novel drugs, here we discuss recent zebrafish phenomics methods to facilitate drug discovery, particularly in the field of biological psychiatry. Additionally, behavioral, neurological, and endocrine endpoints are becoming increasingly well-characterized in zebrafish, making them an inexpensive, robust and effective model for toxicology research and pharmacological screening. We also discuss zebrafish behavioral phenotypes, experimental considerations, pharmacological candidates and relevance of zebrafish neurophenomics to other 'omics' (e.g., genomic, proteomic) approaches. Finally, we critically evaluate the limitations of utilizing this model organism, and outline future strategies of research in the field of zebrafish phenomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan V Kalueff
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China; The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA; ZENEREI Institute, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia; Chemical-Technological Institute and Institute of Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia.
| | - David J Echevarria
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
| | - Sumit Homechaudhuri
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Adam Michael Stewart
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA; ZENEREI Institute, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA
| | - Adam D Collier
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
| | | | - Shaomin Li
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China
| | - Yingcong Liu
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China
| | - Peirong Chen
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China
| | - JiaJia Wang
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China
| | - Anisa Mitra
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Subharthi Pal
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Adwitiya Chaudhuri
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Anwesha Roy
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Missidona Biswas
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Dola Roy
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Anupam Podder
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Manoj K Poudel
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA; ZENEREI Institute, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA
| | - Deepshikha P Katare
- Proteomics and Translational Research Lab, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, UP, India
| | - Ruchi J Mani
- Proteomics and Translational Research Lab, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, UP, India
| | - Evan J Kyzar
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 W Taylor St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Siddharth Gaikwad
- Graduate Institute of Neural and Cognitive Sciences, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Michael Nguyen
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA; ZENEREI Institute, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA
| | - Cai Song
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China; Graduate Institute of Neural and Cognitive Sciences, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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De Campos EG, Bruni AT, De Martinis BS. Ketamine induces anxiolytic effects in adult zebrafish: A multivariate statistics approach. Behav Brain Res 2015; 292:537-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Liao PH, Hwang CC, Chen TH, Chen PJ. Developmental exposures to waterborne abused drugs alter physiological function and larval locomotion in early life stages of medaka fish. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 165:84-92. [PMID: 26026672 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution by neuroactive pharmaceuticals from wastewater discharge is a major threat to aquatic ecosystems. However, the ecotoxicologic effect of waterborne abused drugs remains unclear. Embryos of medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) were exposed to aqueous solutions of 2 hallucinogenic drugs, ketamine (KET) and methamphetamine (MET) (0.004-40μM) to assess developmental toxicity, oxidative stress and behavioral alteration in early life stages. The environmentally relevant concentration (0.004μM) of both KET and MET significantly delayed blood circulation and hatching time in embryos and altered larval swimming behavior (e.g., maximum velocity and relative turn angle). KET and MET induced similar oxidative stress responses in embryos, which were unrecoverable in hatchlings in drug-free solutions. Early life exposure to the 2 drugs conferred distinct patterns in larval locomotion: KET induced hyperactivity and a less tortuous swimming path, but MET-treated larvae showed hypoactivity and a clockwise swimming direction at high doses. The alteration in locomotor responses were generally similar in mammals and zebrafish. We report sensitive biomarkers (e.g., heartbeat, hatching and swimming behavior) by developmental stage of medaka that reflect environmentally relevant exposures of abused drugs. They could be useful for ecological risk assessment of waterborne neuroactive drugs. The toxicity results implicate a potential ecotoxicological impact of controlled or abused drugs on fish development and populations in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Han Liao
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Chu Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Te-Hao Chen
- Department of Biology, National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jen Chen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Herculano AM, Maximino C. Serotonergic modulation of zebrafish behavior: towards a paradox. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2014; 55:50-66. [PMID: 24681196 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Due to the fish-specific genome duplication event (~320-350 mya), some genes which code for serotonin proteins were duplicated in teleosts; this duplication event was preceded by a reorganization of the serotonergic system, with the appearance of the raphe nuclei (dependent on the isthmus organizer) and prosencephalic nuclei, including the paraventricular and pretectal complexes. With the appearance of amniotes, duplicated genes were lost, and the serotonergic system was reduced to a more complex raphe system. From a comparative point of view, then, the serotonergic system of zebrafish and that of mammals shows many important differences. However, many different behavioral functions of serotonin, as well as the effects of drugs which affect the serotonergic system, seem to be conserved among species. For example, in both zebrafish and rodents acute serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) seem to increase anxiety-like behavior, while chronic SSRIs decrease it; drugs which act at the 5-HT1A receptor seem to decrease anxiety-like behavior in both zebrafish and rodents. In this article, we will expose this paradox, reviewing the chemical neuroanatomy of the zebrafish serotonergic system, followed by an analysis of the role of serotonin in zebrafish fear/anxiety, stress, aggression and the effects of psychedelic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Manoel Herculano
- Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; "Frederico Graeff" Neurosciences and Behavior Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Physiological Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Pará, Marabá, PA, Brazil
| | - Caio Maximino
- "Frederico Graeff" Neurosciences and Behavior Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Physiological Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, State University of Pará, Marabá, PA, Brazil; International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium, United States.
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40
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Developing zebrafish models relevant to PTSD and other trauma- and stressor-related disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2014; 55:67-79. [PMID: 25138994 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
While post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other trauma- and stress-related disorders (TSRDs) represent a serious societal and public health concern, their pathogenesis is largely unknown. Given the clinical complexity of TSRD development and susceptibility, greater investigation into candidate biomarkers and specific genetic pathways implicated in both risk and resilience to trauma becomes critical. In line with this, numerous animal models have been extensively used to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms of PTSD and related TSRD. Here, we discuss the rapidly increasing potential of zebrafish as models of these disorders, and how their use may aid researchers in uncovering novel treatments and therapies in this field.
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Stewart AM, Grossman L, Nguyen M, Maximino C, Rosemberg DB, Echevarria DJ, Kalueff AV. Aquatic toxicology of fluoxetine: understanding the knowns and the unknowns. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 156:269-273. [PMID: 25245382 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fluoxetine is one of the most prescribed psychotropic medications, and is an agent of increasing interest for environmental toxicology. Fish and other aquatic organisms are excellent models to study neuroactive small molecules like fluoxetine. However, prone to variance due to experimental factors, data obtained in these models need to be interpreted with caution, using proper experimental protocols, study designs, validated endpoints as well as well-established models and tests. Choosing the treatment protocol and dose range for fluoxetine and other serotonergic drugs is critical for obtaining valid test results and correct data interpretation. Here we discuss the value of aquatic models to study fluoxetine effects, based on prior high-quality research, and outline the directions of future translational studies in the field. We review fluoxetine-evoked phenotypes in acute vs. chronic protocols, discussing them in the contact of complex role of serotonin in behavioral regulation. We conclude that zebrafish and other aquatic models represent a useful in-vivo tool for fluoxetine pharmacology and (eco)toxicology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Michael Stewart
- ZENEREI Institute, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA; The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA
| | - Leah Grossman
- ZENEREI Institute, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA; St. George's University School of Medicine, Grenada, WI, USA
| | - Michael Nguyen
- ZENEREI Institute, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Road, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Caio Maximino
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Center for Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Para, Maraba, Para, Brazil
| | - Denis Broock Rosemberg
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Ave, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - David J Echevarria
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- ZENEREI Institute, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA; The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Research Institute of Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China.
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42
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Potter DE, Choudhury M. Ketamine: repurposing and redefining a multifaceted drug. Drug Discov Today 2014; 19:1848-54. [PMID: 25224017 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2014.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This short review will highlight recent clinical and basic research that supports the therapeutic utility of ketamine as a rapid-acting, life-saving antidepressant and a versatile analgesic. After 50 years of use as a dissociative anesthetic and misuse as a street drug, ketamine has re-emerged as a useful off-label agent for ameliorating various types of pain and resistant depression. In addition to its ability to inhibit N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, the diverse actions of ketamine might involve epigenetic mechanisms such as microRNA regulation. Thus, ketamine is transitioning from being the pharmacologist's nightmare to one of the most interesting developments in the pharmacology of depression and pain.
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Millan MJ, Fone K, Steckler T, Horan WP. Negative symptoms of schizophrenia: clinical characteristics, pathophysiological substrates, experimental models and prospects for improved treatment. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2014; 24:645-92. [PMID: 24820238 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex and multifactorial disorder generally diagnosed in young adults at the time of the first psychotic episode of delusions and hallucinations. These positive symptoms can be controlled in most patients by currently-available antipsychotics. Conversely, they are poorly effective against concomitant neurocognitive dysfunction, deficits in social cognition and negative symptoms (NS), which strongly contribute to poor functional outcome. The precise notion of NS has evolved over the past century, with recent studies - underpinned by novel rating methods - suggesting two major sub-domains: "decreased emotional expression", incorporating blunted affect and poverty of speech, and "avolition", which embraces amotivation, asociality and "anhedonia" (inability to anticipate pleasure). Recent studies implicate a dysfunction of frontocortico-temporal networks in the aetiology of NS, together with a disruption of cortico-striatal circuits, though other structures are also involved, like the insular and parietal cortices, amygdala and thalamus. At the cellular level, a disruption of GABAergic-glutamatergic balance, dopaminergic signalling and, possibly, oxytocinergic and cannibinoidergic transmission may be involved. Several agents are currently under clinical investigation for the potentially improved control of NS, including oxytocin itself, N-Methyl-d-Aspartate receptor modulators and minocycline. Further, magnetic-electrical "stimulation" strategies to recruit cortical circuits and "cognitive-behavioural-psychosocial" therapies likewise hold promise. To acquire novel insights into the causes and treatment of NS, experimental study is crucial, and opportunities are emerging for improved genetic, pharmacological and developmental modelling, together with more refined readouts related to deficits in reward, sociality and "expression". The present article comprises an integrative overview of the above issues as a platform for this Special Issue of European Neuropsychopharmacology in which five clinical and five preclinical articles treat individual themes in greater detail. This Volume provides, then, a framework for progress in the understanding - and ultimately control - of the debilitating NS of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Millan
- Pole of Innovation in Neuropsychiatry, Institut de Recherche Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290 Croissy-sur-Seine, Paris, France.
| | - Kevin Fone
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Medical School, Queen׳s Medical Centre, Nottingham University, Nottingham NG72UH, UK
| | - Thomas Steckler
- Janssen Research and Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - William P Horan
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, University of California, Los Angeles, MIRECC 210A, Bldg. 210, 11301 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
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Kalueff AV, Stewart AM, Gerlai R. Zebrafish as an emerging model for studying complex brain disorders. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2014; 35:63-75. [PMID: 24412421 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 692] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is rapidly becoming a popular model organism in pharmacogenetics and neuropharmacology. Both larval and adult zebrafish are currently used to increase our understanding of brain function, dysfunction, and their genetic and pharmacological modulation. Here we review the developing utility of zebrafish in the analysis of complex brain disorders (including, e.g., depression, autism, psychoses, drug abuse, and cognitive deficits), also covering zebrafish applications towards the goal of modeling major human neuropsychiatric and drug-induced syndromes. We argue that zebrafish models of complex brain disorders and drug-induced conditions are a rapidly emerging critical field in translational neuroscience and pharmacology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan V Kalueff
- ZENEREI Institute and the International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA.
| | - Adam Michael Stewart
- ZENEREI Institute and the International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, A210 Langley Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Robert Gerlai
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
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45
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Ketamine NMDA receptor-independent toxicity during zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryonic development. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2014; 41:27-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Stewart AM, Kalueff AV. Anxiolytic drug discovery: what are the novel approaches and how can we improve them? Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013; 9:15-26. [PMID: 24206163 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2014.857309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Contemporary biological psychiatry uses experimental (animal) models to increase our understanding of affective disorder pathogenesis. Despite the well-recognized spectrum nature of affective disorders, modern anxiolytic drug discovery mainly targets specific pathways and molecular determinants within a single phenotypic domain. However, greater understanding of the integrative mechanisms and pathogenesis is essential in order to develop new effective therapies. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors emphasize the importance of a 'domain interplay-oriented' approach to experimental affective research. They also highlight the need to expand the scope of anxiolytic drug targets to better understand the pathogenesis of anxiety-spectrum disorders. EXPERT OPINION There is the potential to markedly improve the utility of animal models for affective disorders. First, the authors suggest that one such way would be by analyzing the systems of several domains and their interplay to better understand disease pathogenesis. Further, it could also be improved by expanding the range of model species and by extending the spectrum of anxiolytic drug targets; this would help to focus on emerging and unconventional systems to better develop new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Michael Stewart
- ZENEREI Institute , 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458 , USA +1 240 328 2275 ; +1 240 328 2275 ;
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Dong C, Hu A, Ni Y, Zuo Y, Li GH. Effects of midazolam, pentobarbital and ketamine on the mRNA expression of ion channels in a model organism Daphnia pulex. BMC Anesthesiol 2013; 13:32. [PMID: 24134334 PMCID: PMC3879215 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2253-13-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Over the last few decades intensive studies have been carried out on the molecular targets mediating general anesthesia as well as the effects of general anesthetics. The γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAAR) has been indicated as the primary target of general anaesthetics such as propofol, etomidate and isoflurane, and sedating drugs including benzodiazepines and barbiturates. The GABAAR is also involved in drug tolerance and dependence. However, the involvement of other ion channels is possible. Methods Using reverse transcription and quantitative PCR techniques, we systematically investigated changes in the mRNA levels of ion channel genes in response to exposure to midazolam, pentobarbital and ketamine in a freshwater model animal, Daphnia pulex. To retrieve the sequences of Daphnia ion channel genes, Blast searches were performed based on known human or Drosophila ion channel genes. Retrieved sequences were clustered with the maximum-likelihood method. To quantify changes in gene expression after the drug treatments for 4 hours, total RNA was extracted and reverse transcribed into cDNA and then amplified using quantitative PCR. Results A total of 108 ion channel transcripts were examined, and 19, 11 and 11 of them are affected by midazolam (100 μM), pentobarbital (200 μM) and ketamine (100 μM), respectively, covering a wide variety of ion channel types. There is some degree of overlap with midazolam- and pentobarbital-induced changes in the mRNA expression profiles, but ketamine causes distinct changes in gene expression pattern. In addition, flumazenil (10 μM) eliminates the effect of midazolam on the mRNA expression of the GABAA receptor subunit Rdl, suggesting a direct interaction between midazolam and GABAA receptors. Conclusions Recent research using high throughput technology suggests that changes in mRNA expression correlate with delayed protein expression. Therefore, the mRNA profile changes in our study may reflect the molecular targets not only in drug actions, but also in chronic drug addiction. Our data also suggest the possibility that hypnotic/anesthetic drugs are capable of altering the functions of the nervous system, as well as those non-nerve tissues with abundant ion channel expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Guo Hua Li
- Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Nguyen M, Poudel MK, Stewart AM, Kalueff AV. Skin too thin? The developing utility of zebrafish skin (neuro)pharmacology for CNS drug discovery research. Brain Res Bull 2013; 98:145-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Neelkantan N, Mikhaylova A, Stewart AM, Arnold R, Gjeloshi V, Kondaveeti D, Poudel MK, Kalueff AV. Perspectives on zebrafish models of hallucinogenic drugs and related psychotropic compounds. ACS Chem Neurosci 2013; 4:1137-50. [PMID: 23883191 DOI: 10.1021/cn400090q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Among different classes of psychotropic drugs, hallucinogenic agents exert one of the most prominent effects on human and animal behaviors, markedly altering sensory, motor, affective, and cognitive responses. The growing clinical and preclinical interest in psychedelic, dissociative, and deliriant hallucinogens necessitates novel translational, sensitive, and high-throughput in vivo models and screens. Primate and rodent models have been traditionally used to study cellular mechanisms and neural circuits of hallucinogenic drugs' action. The utility of zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) in neuroscience research is rapidly growing due to their high physiological and genetic homology to humans, ease of genetic manipulation, robust behaviors, and cost effectiveness. Possessing a fully characterized genome, both adult and larval zebrafish are currently widely used for in vivo screening of various psychotropic compounds, including hallucinogens and related drugs. Recognizing the growing importance of hallucinogens in biological psychiatry, here we discuss hallucinogenic-induced phenotypes in zebrafish and evaluate their potential as efficient preclinical models of drug-induced states in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Neelkantan
- Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) and ZENEREI Institute, 309
Palmer Court, Slidell, Louisiana 70458, United States
- Departments of Physiology and
Pharmacology, International American University College of Medicine, Vieux Fort, St. Lucia, WI
| | - Alina Mikhaylova
- Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) and ZENEREI Institute, 309
Palmer Court, Slidell, Louisiana 70458, United States
- Departments of Physiology and
Pharmacology, International American University College of Medicine, Vieux Fort, St. Lucia, WI
| | - Adam Michael Stewart
- Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) and ZENEREI Institute, 309
Palmer Court, Slidell, Louisiana 70458, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, A210 Langley Hall, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Raymond Arnold
- Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) and ZENEREI Institute, 309
Palmer Court, Slidell, Louisiana 70458, United States
- Departments of Physiology and
Pharmacology, International American University College of Medicine, Vieux Fort, St. Lucia, WI
| | - Visar Gjeloshi
- Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) and ZENEREI Institute, 309
Palmer Court, Slidell, Louisiana 70458, United States
| | - Divya Kondaveeti
- Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) and ZENEREI Institute, 309
Palmer Court, Slidell, Louisiana 70458, United States
| | - Manoj K. Poudel
- Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) and ZENEREI Institute, 309
Palmer Court, Slidell, Louisiana 70458, United States
- Departments of Physiology and
Pharmacology, International American University College of Medicine, Vieux Fort, St. Lucia, WI
| | - Allan V. Kalueff
- Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) and ZENEREI Institute, 309
Palmer Court, Slidell, Louisiana 70458, United States
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Braga MM, Rosemberg DB, de Oliveira DL, Loss CM, Córdova SD, Rico EP, Silva ES, Dias RD, Souza DO, Calcagnotto ME. Topographical analysis of reactive zinc in the central nervous system of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Zebrafish 2013; 10:376-88. [PMID: 23829199 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2013.0882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive zinc (Zn) is crucial for neuronal signaling and is largely distributed within presynaptic vesicles of some axon terminals of distinct vertebrates. However, the distribution of reactive Zn throughout the central nervous system (CNS) is not fully explored. We performed a topographical study of CNS structures containing reactive Zn in the adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Slices of CNS from zebrafish were stained by Neo-Timm and/or cresyl violet. The Zn specificity of Neo-Timm was evaluated with Zn chelants, N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN), sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC), Zn sulfide washing solution, and hydrochloric acid (HCl). Unfixed slices were also immersed in the fluorescent Zn probe (zinpyr-1). Yellow-to-brown-to-black granules were revealed by Neo-Timm in the zebrafish CNS. Telencephalon exhibited slightly stained regions, while rhombencephalic structures showed high levels of staining. Although stained granules were found on the cell bodies, rhombencephalic structures showed a neuropil staining profile. The TPEN produced a mild reduction in Neo-Timm staining, while HCl and mainly DEDTC abolished the staining, indicating a large Zn content. This result was also confirmed by the application of a Zn probe. The present topographical study revealed reactive Zn throughout the CNS in adult zebrafish that should be considered in future investigation of Zn in the brain on a larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos M Braga
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre, Brazil .
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