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Gao W, Fan W, Wang D, Sun J, Li Y, Tang C, Fan M. Assessing fresh water acute toxicity with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS). Talanta 2024; 267:125163. [PMID: 37690416 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
It's well known that the toxicity of chemicals in the environment depends not only their concentrations, but more importantly, their bio-availability. Thus, the acute toxicity test of environmental water samples is of great importance in water quality evaluation. In this work, water acute toxicity was determined via SERS approach for the first time based on the reaction between Escherichia coli (E. coli) and p-benzoquinone (BQ). The E. coli was used as the subject of toxicity assay. Under normal conditions, the BQ molecules can be transformed into Hydroquinone (HQ) by the E. coli bacteria; subsequently, the BQ will continue to react with the resulting HQ to form Quinone hydroquinone (QHQ). This process could be impaired in the presence of many toxic chemicals. Bromide modified Ag NPs was then introduced for the highly sensitive SERS detection of the product (HQ and QHQ). Several key factors that may affect water acute toxicity evaluation have been explored, which include the initial BQ and E. coli concentration, the incubation time with BQ, and the sodium chloride concentration. Later, the established system was applied for the toxicity evaluation of Cu2+. It was found that the IC50 value of Cu2+ was 0.94 mg/L, which is superior compared with literature report. This study provides a promising SERS method for assessing acute toxicity in water bodies with high sensitivity and short detection time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixing Gao
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Wanli Fan
- School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, 473061, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Ji Sun
- School of Emergency Management, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610039, China
| | - Yong Li
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Changyu Tang
- Chengdu Development Center of Science and Technology, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610200, China
| | - Meikun Fan
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China.
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Finlayson KA, Leusch FDL, van de Merwe JP. Review of ecologically relevant in vitro bioassays to supplement current in vivo tests for whole effluent toxicity testing - Part 1: Apical endpoints. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:157817. [PMID: 35970462 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Whole effluent toxicity (WET) testing is commonly used to ensure that wastewater discharges do not pose an unacceptable risk to receiving environments. Traditional WET testing involves exposing animals to (waste)water samples to assess four major ecologically relevant apical endpoints: mortality, growth, development, and reproduction. Recently, with the widespread implementation of the 3Rs to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research and testing, there has been a global shift away from in vivo testing towards in vitro alternatives. However, prior to the inclusion of in vitro bioassays in regulatory frameworks, it is critical to establish their ecological relevance and technical suitability. This is part 1 of a two-part review that aims to identify in vitro bioassays that can be used in WET testing and relate them to ecologically relevant endpoints through toxicity pathways, providing the reader with a high-level overview of current capabilities. Part 1 of this review focuses on four apical endpoints currently included in WET testing: mortality, growth, development, and reproduction. For each endpoint, the link between responses at the molecular or cellular level, that can be measured in vitro, and the adverse outcome at the organism level were established through simplified toxicity pathways. Additionally, literature from 2015 to 2020 on the use of in vitro bioassays for water quality assessments was reviewed to identify a list of suitable bioassays for each endpoint. This review will enable the prioritization of relevant endpoints and bioassays for incorporation into WET testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frederic D L Leusch
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Australia; School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Jason P van de Merwe
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Australia; School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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3
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Mirjani M, Soleimani M, Salari V. Toxicity assessment of total petroleum hydrocarbons in aquatic environments using the bioluminescent bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111554. [PMID: 33254411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity monitoring of environmental pollutants especially petroleum hydrocarbons as priority pollutants is an important environmental issue. This study addresses a rapid, sensitive and cost effective method for the detection of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) using Aliivibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition bioassay. At the first step, the optimum conditions including time, pH and temperature for growth of A. fischeri were determined. Then, two methods were used to evaluate the toxicity of petroleum compounds. In the first method, short-term (15 min) and long-term (16 h) toxicity assays were performed. In the second method luminescence kinetics of A. fischeri was investigated during 24 h. The results demonstrated the most appropriate time for the bacterial growth occurred 16 h after inoculation and optimum temperature and pH were found 25 °C and 7, respectively. Short-term and long-term toxicity did not indicate any toxicity for various concentrations of TPHs (30, 50, 110, 160, 220 mg/L). Considering the luminescence kinetics of A. fischeri the long-term assay was introduced as 6 h. The half maximal effective concentration (EC50) was achieved 1.77 mg/L of TPHs. It is concluded that the luminescence kinetics of A. fischeri can be a valuable approach for assessing toxicity of TPHs in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Mirjani
- Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Mohsen Soleimani
- Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Vahid Salari
- Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran; Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apdo. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
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4
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Nascimento JR, Easson CG, Jurelevicius DDA, Lopez JV, Bidone ED, Sabadini-Santos E. Microbial community shift under exposure of dredged sediments from a eutrophic bay. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:539. [PMID: 32705349 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08507-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microbial communities occur in almost every habitat. To evaluate the homeostasis disruption of in situ microbiomes, dredged sediments from Guanabara Bay-Brazil (GB) were mixed with sediments from outside of the bay (D) in three different proportions (25%, 50%, and 75%) which we called GBD25, GBD50, and GBD75. Grain size, TOC, and metals-as indicators of complex contamination-dehydrogenase (DHA) and esterase enzymes (EST)-as indicators of microbial community availability-were determined. Microbial community composition was addressed by amplifying the 16S rRNA gene for DGGE analysis and sequencing using MiSeq platform (Illumina).We applied the quality ratio index (QR) to the GB, D, and every GBD mixture to integrate geochemical parameters with our microbiome data. QR indicated high environmental risk for GB and every GBD mixture, and low risk for D. The community shifted from aerobic to anaerobic profile, consistent with the characteristics of GB. Sample D was dominated by JTB255 marine benthic group, related to low impacted areas. Milano-WF1B-44 was the most representative of GB, often found in anaerobic and sulfur enriched environments. In GBD, the denitrifying sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Sulfurovum, was the most representative, typically found in suboxic or anoxic niches. The canonical correspondence analysis was able to explain 60% of the community composition variation and exhibit the decrease of environmental quality as the contamination increases. Physiological and taxonomic shifts of the microbial assemblage in sediments were inferred by QR, which was suitable to determine sediment risk. The study produced sufficient information to improve the dredging plan and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana R Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências (Geoquímica), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, 24020-150, Brazil.
| | - Cole G Easson
- Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, FL, 33004, USA
- Biology Department, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, USA
| | - Diogo de A Jurelevicius
- Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21944-570, Brazil
| | - Jose V Lopez
- Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, FL, 33004, USA
| | - Edison D Bidone
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências (Geoquímica), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, 24020-150, Brazil
| | - Elisamara Sabadini-Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências (Geoquímica), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, 24020-150, Brazil
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5
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Abstract
The lux operon is a useful reporter for bioluminescence imaging due to its independence of exogenous luciferin supply, but its relatively low brightness hampers the imaging of single cells. This chapter describes a procedure for the imaging of individual Escherichia coli cells using an improved ilux operon. The enhanced brightness of ilux enables long-term bioluminescence imaging of single bacteria with high sensitivity without the requirement for an external luciferin.
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6
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Li L, Wu S, Yang P, Liu Q, Tang S. Rapid detection and toxicity assessment of ochratoxin A by
Photobacterium leiognathi
in drinking water. Int J Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Shizheng Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Panpan Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Qianyu Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Shuze Tang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
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7
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Bodini SF, Malizia M, Tortelli A, Sanfilippo L, Zhou X, Arosio R, Bernasconi M, Di Lucia S, Manenti A, Moscetta P. Evaluation of a novel automated water analyzer for continuous monitoring of toxicity and chemical parameters in municipal water supply. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 157:335-342. [PMID: 29627418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel tool, the DAMTA analyzer (Device for Analytical Monitoring and Toxicity Assessment), designed for fully automated toxicity measurements based on luminescent bacteria as well as for concomitant determination of chemical parameters, was developed and field-tested. The instrument is a robotic water analyzer equipped with a luminometer and a spectrophotometer, integrated on a thermostated reaction plate which contains a movable carousel with 80 cuvettes. Acute toxicity is measured on-line using a wild type Photobacterium phosphoreum strain with measurable bioluminescence and unaltered sensitivity to toxicants lasting up to ten days. The EC50 values of reference compounds tested were consistent with A. fischeri and P. phosphoreum international standards and comparable to previously published data. Concurrently, a laboratory trial demonstrated the feasibility of use of the analyzer for the determination of nutrients and metals in parallel to the toxicity measurements. In a prolonged test, the system was installed only in toxicity mode at the premises of the World Fair "Expo Milano-2015″, a high security site to ensure the quality of the supplied drinking water. The monitoring program lasted for six months during which ca. 2400 toxicity tests were carried out; the results indicated a mean non-toxic outcome of -5.5 ± 6.2%. In order to warrant the system's robustness in detecting toxic substances, Zn was measured daily with highly reproducible inhibition results, 70.8 ± 13.6%. These results assure that this novel toxicity monitor can be used as an early warning system for protection of drinking water sources from emergencies involving low probability/high impact contamination events in source water or treated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio F Bodini
- SYSTEA SpA, Via Fratta Rotonda Vado Largo 2/A, 03012 Anagni, Italy.
| | - Marzio Malizia
- SYSTEA SpA, Via Fratta Rotonda Vado Largo 2/A, 03012 Anagni, Italy
| | | | - Luca Sanfilippo
- SYSTEA SpA, Via Fratta Rotonda Vado Largo 2/A, 03012 Anagni, Italy
| | - Xingpeng Zhou
- Focused Photonics Inc., Water Research Department, No. 760, Bin'an Road, Bin Jiang District, 310052 Hangzhou, China
| | - Roberta Arosio
- Metropolitana Milanese SpA, Servizio Idrico Integrato - Divisione Acquedotto, via Meda 44, 20141 Milano, Italy
| | - Marzia Bernasconi
- Metropolitana Milanese SpA, Servizio Idrico Integrato - Divisione Acquedotto, via Meda 44, 20141 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Lucia
- Metropolitana Milanese SpA, Servizio Idrico Integrato - Divisione Acquedotto, via Meda 44, 20141 Milano, Italy
| | - Angela Manenti
- Metropolitana Milanese SpA, Servizio Idrico Integrato - Divisione Acquedotto, via Meda 44, 20141 Milano, Italy
| | - Pompeo Moscetta
- SYSTEA SpA, Via Fratta Rotonda Vado Largo 2/A, 03012 Anagni, Italy
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8
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Martín-Betancor K, Durand MJ, Thouand G, Leganés F, Fernández-Piñas F, Rodea-Palomares I. Microplate freeze-dried cyanobacterial bioassay for fresh-waters environmental monitoring. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 189:373-381. [PMID: 28946071 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms have been very useful in environmental monitoring due to their constant sensing of the surrounding environment, their easy maintenance and low cost. Some freeze-dried toxicity kits based on naturally bioluminescent bacteria are commercially available and commonly used to assess the toxicity of environmental samples such as Microtox (Aliivibrio fischeri) or ToxScreen (Photobacterium leiognathi), however, due to the marine origin of these bacteria, they could not be the most appropriate for fresh-waters monitoring. Cyanobacteria are one of the most representative microorganisms of aquatic environments, and are well suited for detecting contaminants in aqueous samples. This study presents the development and application of the first freeze-dried cyanobacterial bioassay for fresh-water contaminants detection. The effects of different cell growth phases, cryoprotectant solutions, freezing protocols, rehydration solutions and incubation conditions methods were evaluated and the best combination of these parameters for freeze-drying was selected. The study includes detailed characterization of sensitivity towards reference pollutants, as well as, comparison with the standard assays. Moreover, long-term viability and sensitivity were evaluated after 3 years of storage. Freeze-dried cyanobacteria showed, in general, higher sensitivity than the standard assays and viability of the cells remained after 3 years of storage. Finally, the validation of the bioassay using a wastewater sample was also evaluated. Freeze-drying of cyanobacteria in 96-well plates presents a simple, fast and multi-assay method for environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keila Martín-Betancor
- Department of Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | - Francisco Leganés
- Department of Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ismael Rodea-Palomares
- Department of Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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9
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Liu X, Liu W, Wang Q, Wu L, Luo Y, Christie P. Soil properties and microbial ecology of a paddy field after repeated applications of domestic and industrial sewage sludges. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:8619-8628. [PMID: 28194679 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8543-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The effects of repeated application of two types of sewage sludge, domestic and industrial (petrochemical, PSS) sludges, into paddy fields over a 5-year period on the soil properties and microbial ecology were studied and compared with conventional NPK fertilizer application. Soil organic matter and total nitrogen contents were significantly higher in the two sludge treatments than that in fertilized plots after 5 years. Soil concentrations of potentially toxic metals were low after 5 years of both sludge treatments, but the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) showed differences between the two sludge types. Concentrations of high-molecular-weight PAHs were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the petrochemical sludge treatment than the domestic sludge treatment or the fertilizer control, although the total concentrations of 16 types of PAH in the petrochemical sludge treatment were only slightly higher than in the domestic sludge treatment and the control. The biological toxicity of soil dimethyl sulfoxide extracts from the petrochemical sludge treatment was also significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those from the fertilizer control and the domestic sludge treatment when evaluated using Photobacterium phosphoreum T3. Both types of sewage sludge increased soil microbial activity, but only the petrochemical sludge led to enrichment with specific PAH degraders such as Mycobacterium, Nocardioides, and Sphingomonas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wuxing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Qingling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Longhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Peter Christie
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
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10
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Development and application of a simple method to detect toxic chemicals in fruits and vegetables that can be implemented in a rudimentary laboratory setting: A proof of concept study. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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11
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Roggo C, van der Meer JR. Miniaturized and integrated whole cell living bacterial sensors in field applicable autonomous devices. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2017; 45:24-33. [PMID: 28088093 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Live-cell based bioreporters are increasingly being deployed in microstructures, which facilitates their handling and permits the development of instruments that could perform autonomous environmental monitoring. Here we review recent developments of on-chip integration of live-cell bioreporters, the coupling of their reporter signal to the devices, their longer term preservation and multi-analyte capacity. We show examples of instruments that have attempted to fully integrate bioreporters as their sensing elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Roggo
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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12
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Potential of Constructed Wetlands for Removal of Antibiotics from Saline Aquaculture Effluents. WATER 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/w8100465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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13
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Martinez-Haro M, Acevedo P, Pais-Costa AJ, Taggart MA, Martins I, Ribeiro R, Marques JC. Assessing estuarine quality: A cost-effective in situ assay with amphipods. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 212:382-391. [PMID: 26874320 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In situ assays based on feeding depression can be powerful ecotoxicological tools that can link physiological organism-level responses to population and/or community-level effects. Amphipods are traditional target species for toxicity tests due to their high sensitivity to contaminants, availability in the field and ease of handling. However, cost-effective in situ assays based on feeding depression are not yet available for amphipods that inhabit estuarine ecosystems. The aim of this work was to assess a short-term in situ assay based on postexposure feeding rates on easily quantifiable food items with an estuarine amphipod. Experiments were carried out under laboratory conditions using juvenile Echinogammarus marinus as the target individual. When 60 Artemia franciscana nauplii (as prey) were provided per individual for a period of 30 min in dark conditions, feeding rates could be easily quantified. As an endpoint, postexposure feeding inhibition in E. marinus was more sensitive to cadmium contamination than mortality. Assay calibration under field conditions demonstrated the relevance of sediment particle size in explaining individual feeding rates in uncontaminated water bodies. An evaluation of the 48-h in situ bioassay based on postexposure feeding rates indicated that it is able to discriminate between unpolluted and polluted estuarine sites. Using the harmonized protocol described here, the in situ postexposure feeding assay with E. marinus was found to be a potentially useful, cost-effective tool for assessing estuarine sediment and water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Martinez-Haro
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Pelayo Acevedo
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Antónia Juliana Pais-Costa
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mark A Taggart
- Environmental Research Institute, University of the Highlands and Islands, Castle Street, Thurso, Caithness, Scotland, KW14 7JD, UK
| | - Irene Martins
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Ribeiro
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Carlos Marques
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal
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14
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van de Merwe JP, Leusch FDL. A sensitive and high throughput bacterial luminescence assay for assessing aquatic toxicity--the BLT-Screen. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2015; 17:947-955. [PMID: 25845535 DOI: 10.1039/c5em00012b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Bioassays using naturally luminescent bacteria are commonly used to assess the toxicity of environmental contaminants, detected by a decrease in luminescence. Typically, this has involved the use of commercial test kits such as Microtox and ToxScreen. These commercial assays, however, have limitations for routine environmental monitoring, including the need for specialized equipment, a low throughput and high on-going costs. There is therefore a need to develop a bacteria bioassay that is sensitive, high-throughput and cost effective. This study presents the development and application of the BLT-Screen (Bacterial Luminescence Toxicity Screen), a 96-well plate bioassay using Photobacterium leiognathi. During development of the method, the concentration of the phosphate buffer in the experimental medium was adjusted to maximize the sensitivity of the assay, and protocols for analyzing both solid-phase extracts and raw water samples were established. A range of organic compounds and metals were analyzed in the assay, as well as extracts of various water samples, including drinking water, wastewater effluent and river water. The IC50 values of the organic compounds and metals tested in the BLT-Screen were comparable to previously published ToxScreen and Microtox data. In addition, the assay was sensitive enough to detect toxicity in all water types tested, and performed equally well for both solid-phase extracts and raw water samples. The BLT-Screen therefore presents a cost-effective, sensitive and high throughput method for testing the toxicity of environmental contaminants in a range of water types that has widespread applications for research, as well as for routine monitoring and operation of wastewater and drinking water plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason P van de Merwe
- Smart Water Research Centre, Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia.
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15
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Thakre NA, Shanware AS. Promising Biological Indicator of Heavy Metal Pollution: Bioluminescent Bacterial Strains Isolated and Characterized from Marine Niches of Goa, India. Indian J Microbiol 2015; 55:327-32. [PMID: 26063943 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-015-0531-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In present study, several marine water samples collected from the North Goa Beaches, India for isolation of luminescent bacterial species. Isolates obtained labelled as DP1-5 and AB1-6. Molecular characterization including identification of a microbial culture using 16S rRNA gene based molecular technique and phylogenetic analysis confirmed that DP3 & AB1 isolates were Vibrio harveyi. All of the isolates demonstrated multiple metal resistances in terms of growth, with altered luminescence with variable metal concentration. Present investigations were an attempt towards exploring and reporting an updated diversity of bioluminescent bacterial species from various sites around the Goa, India which would be explored in future for constructing luminescence based biosensor for efficiently monitoring the level of hazardous metals in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha A Thakre
- Rajiv Gandhi Biotechnology Centre, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, L.I.T. Campus, Amravati Road, Nagpur, 440033 Maharashtra India
| | - Arti S Shanware
- Rajiv Gandhi Biotechnology Centre, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, L.I.T. Campus, Amravati Road, Nagpur, 440033 Maharashtra India
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16
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Fernandes JP, Almeida CMR, Pereira AC, Ribeiro IL, Reis I, Carvalho P, Basto MCP, Mucha AP. Microbial community dynamics associated with veterinary antibiotics removal in constructed wetlands microcosms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 182:26-33. [PMID: 25679496 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.01.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the response of the microbial community from CWs microcosms tested for the removal of two veterinary antibiotics, enrofloxacin (ENR) and tetracycline (TET), from livestock industry wastewater. Three treatments were tested (control, ENR or TET (100 μg L(-1))) over 12 weeks in microcosms unplanted and planted with Phragmites australis. CWs removal efficiency was relatively stable along time, with removals higher than 98% for ENR and 94% for TET. In addition, CWs were able to reduce wastewater toxicity, independently of antibiotics presence. Despite no significant differences were observed in terms of microbial abundance, bacterial richness or diversity, analysis of similarities (two-way crossed ANOSIM) showed a significant effect of both time and treatments in bacterial community structure. This study points to CWs applicability for veterinary antibiotics removal from livestock wastewaters, showing that CWs microbial communities were able to adapt without significant changes in their diversity or depuration capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana P Fernandes
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, CIIMAR/CIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - C Marisa R Almeida
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, CIIMAR/CIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana C Pereira
- Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Iolanda L Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Izabela Reis
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, CIIMAR/CIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Carvalho
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, Building 1135, 8000 Aarhus C., Denmark
| | - M Clara P Basto
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, CIIMAR/CIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana P Mucha
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, CIIMAR/CIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
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Date A, Pasini P, Daunert S. Fluorescent and bioluminescent cell-based sensors: strategies for their preservation. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 117:57-75. [PMID: 20091290 DOI: 10.1007/10_2009_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent whole-cell biosensing systems have been developed for a variety of analytes of environmental, clinical, and biological interest. These analytical tools allow for sensitive, rapid, simple, and inexpensive quantitative detection of target analytes. Furthermore, they can be designed to be nonspecific, semispecific, or highly specific/selective. A notable feature of such sensing systems employing living cells is that they provide information on the analyte bioavailability and activity. These characteristics, along with their suitability to miniaturization, make cell-based sensors ideal for field applications. However, a major limitation to on-site use is their "shelf-life." To address this problem, various methods for preservation of sensing cells have been reported, including freeze-drying, immobilization in different types of matrices, and formation of spores. Among these, the use of spores emerged as a promising strategy for long-term storage of whole-cell sensing systems at room temperature as well as in extreme environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol Date
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506-0055, USA
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18
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Evaluation of the ecotoxicity of pollutants with bioluminescent microorganisms. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 145:65-135. [PMID: 25216953 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-43619-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This chapter deals with the use of bioluminescent microorganisms in environmental monitoring, particularly in the assessment of the ecotoxicity of pollutants. Toxicity bioassays based on bioluminescent microorganisms are an interesting complement to classical toxicity assays, providing easiness of use, rapid response, mass production, and cost effectiveness. A description of the characteristics and main environmental applications in ecotoxicity testing of naturally bioluminescent microorganisms, covering bacteria and eukaryotes such as fungi and dinoglagellates, is reported in this chapter. The main features and applications of a wide variety of recombinant bioluminescent microorganisms, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, are also summarized and critically considered. Quantitative structure-activity relationship models and hormesis are two important concepts in ecotoxicology; bioluminescent microorganisms have played a pivotal role in their development. As pollutants usually occur in complex mixtures in the environment, the use of both natural and recombinant bioluminescent microorganisms to assess mixture toxicity has been discussed. The main information has been summarized in tables, allowing quick consultation of the variety of luminescent organisms, bioluminescence gene systems, commercially available bioluminescent tests, environmental applications, and relevant references.
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Nguyen LN, Hai FI, Yang S, Kang J, Leusch FDL, Roddick F, Price WE, Nghiem LD. Removal of trace organic contaminants by an MBR comprising a mixed culture of bacteria and white-rot fungi. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 148:234-41. [PMID: 24050925 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.08.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of 30 trace organic contaminants (TrOC) by a white-rot fungus-augmented membrane bioreactor (MBR) was investigated. The results show that white-rot fungal enzyme (laccase), coupled with a redox mediator (1-hydroxy benzotriazole, HBT), could degrade TrOC that are resistant to bacterial degradation (e.g. diclofenac, triclosan, naproxen and atrazine) but achieved low removal of compounds (e.g. ibuprofen, gemfibrozil and amitriptyline) that are well removed by conventional activated sludge treatment. Overall, the fungus-augmented MBR showed better TrOC removal compared to a system containing conventional activated sludge. The major role of biodegradation in removal by the MBR was noted. Continuous mediator dosing to MBR may potentially enhance its performance, although not as effectively as for mediator-enhanced batch laccase systems. A ToxScreen3 assay revealed no significant increase in the toxicity of the effluent during MBR treatment of the synthetic wastewater comprising TrOC, confirming that no toxic by-products were produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luong N Nguyen
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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Carvalho PN, Araújo JL, Mucha AP, Basto MCP, Almeida CMR. Potential of constructed wetlands microcosms for the removal of veterinary pharmaceuticals from livestock wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 134:412-6. [PMID: 23489569 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to evaluate, at microcosm level, the capacity of constructed wetlands (CWs) to remove veterinary pharmaceutical compounds, from wastewater. Results indicated that CWs have potential to mitigate the release of veterinary drugs, namely enrofloxacin (ENR, a fluoroquinolone) and tetracycline (TET, tetracyclines family). Removal efficiencies of 94% and 98% where achieved for TET and ENR, respectively, when treating pigfarm wastewater effluent doped at 100 μg L(-1) drug level, along twelve weeks. Occurrence of adsorption of the drugs to CWs substrate may be the predominant mechanism for ENR, although for TET there are signs that degradation is also occurring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro N Carvalho
- CIMAR/CIIMAR, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, R. Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
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SASAKI S, MOCHIZUKI M, IGARASHI M. Development of a Bioluminescent Bacteria Sheet for the Measurement of Oxygen Concentration. ANAL SCI 2013; 29:267-9. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.29.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi SASAKI
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology
| | - Mika MOCHIZUKI
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology
| | - Makoto IGARASHI
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology
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Watson K, Shaw G, Leusch FDL, Knight NL. Chlorine disinfection by-products in wastewater effluent: Bioassay-based assessment of toxicological impact. WATER RESEARCH 2012; 46:6069-6083. [PMID: 22981491 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/18/2012] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The potential ecological impact of disinfection by-products (DBPs) present in chlorinated wastewater effluents is not well understood. In this study, the chlorinated effluent of traditional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and advanced water reclamation plants (AWRPs) supplying highly-treated recycled water were analyzed for nitrosamines and trihalomethanes (THMs), and a battery of bioassays conducted to assess effluent toxicity. An increase in general toxicity from DBPs was revealed for all wastewaters studied using an in vitro bioluminescence assay. Examples of androgenic activity and estrogenic activity arising from DBPs at specific sampling sites were also observed. The in vivo model (Artemia franciscana) was generally not adversely affected by exposure to DBPs from any of the chlorinated wastewaters studied. The observed toxicity could not be related to the concentrations of THMs and nitrosamines present, indicating that DBPs not monitored in this study were responsible for this. This work highlights the complexity of DBPs mixtures formed in chlorinated wastewaters, illustrating that toxicity of wastewater DBPs cannot be predicted by chemical monitoring of THMs and nitrosamines. The results suggest bioassays may be particularly useful monitoring tools in assessing toxicity arising from DBPs of these complex waters. The research concludes that DBPs formed in the chlorinated wastewaters studied can be toxic and may have a deleterious impact on aquatic organisms that are exposed to them, and therefore, that chlorination or chlorination/dechlorination may not be adequate treatment strategies for the protection of receiving waters. Chlorinated wastewater toxicity (from DBPs) is not well-understood in the Australian context, and this study serves to advise regulators on this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Watson
- Smart Water Research Centre, Griffith University, Southport, 4222 Queensland, Australia
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23
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Gao Y, Lin Z, Chen R, Wang T, Liu S, Yao Z, Yin D. Using Molecular Docking to Compare Toxicity of Reactive Chemicals to Freshwater and Marine Luminous Bacteria. Mol Inform 2012; 31:809-16. [DOI: 10.1002/minf.201200060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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Míguez DM, Huertas R, Carrara MV, Carnikián A, Bouvier ME, Martínez MJ, Keel K, Pioda C, Darré E, Pérez R, Viera S, Massa E. Bioavailability, ecotoxicity, and geological characteristics of trace lead in sediments from two sites on Negro River, Uruguay, South America. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2012; 34:199-205. [PMID: 21968803 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-011-9427-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Bioassays of two sites along the Rio Negro in Uruguay indicate ecotoxicity, which could be attributable to trace concentrations of lead in river sediments. Monthly samples at two sites at Baygorria and Bonete locations were analyzed for both particle size and lead. Lead was determined by atomic spectrometry in river water and sediment and particle size by sieving and sedimentation. Data showed that Baygorria's sediments have greater percentage of clay than Bonete's (20.4 and 5.8%, respectively). Lead was measurable in Baygorria's sediments, meanwhile in Bonete's, it was always below the detection limit. In water samples, lead was below detection limit at both sites. Bioassays using sub-lethal growth and survival test with Hyalella curvispina amphipod, screening with bioluminescent bacteria Photobacterium leiognathi, and acute toxicity bioassay with Pimephales promelas fish indicated toxicity at Baygorria, with much less effect at Bonete. Even though no lethal effects could be demonstrated, higher sub-lethal toxicity was found in samples from Baygorria site, showing a possible concentration of the contaminant in the clay fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Míguez
- Water and Chemicals Department, Technological Laboratory of Uruguay (LATU), Avda. Italia 6201, PO Box: 11500, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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25
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Liu Y, Gao B, Yue Q, Guan Y, Wang Y, Huang L. Influences of two antibiotic contaminants on the production, release and toxicity of microcystins. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2012; 77:79-87. [PMID: 22074855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The influences of spiramycin and amoxicillin on the algal growth, production and release of target microcystins (MCs), MC-LR, MC-RR and MC-YR, in Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated through the seven-day exposure test. Spiramycin were more toxic to M. aeruginosa than amoxicillin according to their 50 percent effective concentrations (EC(50)) in algal growth, which were 1.15 and 8.03 μg/l, respectively. At environmentally relevant concentrations of 100 ng/l-1 μg/l, spiramycin reduced the total MC content per algal cell and inhibited the algal growth, while exposure to amoxicillin led to increases in the total MC content per algal cell and the percentage of extracellular MCs, without affecting the algal growth. Toxicity of MCs in combination with each antibiotic was assessed in the luminescent bacteria test using the toxic unit (TU) approach. The 50 percent effective concentrations for the mixtures (EC(50mix)) were 0.56 TU and 0.48 TU for MCs in combination with spiramycin and amoxicillin, respectively, indicating a synergistic interaction between MCs and each antibiotic (EC(50mix)<1TU). After seven-day exposure to 100 ng/l-1 μg/l of antibiotics, spiramycin-treated algal media and amoxicillin-treated algal media showed significantly lower (p<0.05) and higher (p<0.05) inhibition on the luminescence of Photobacterium phosphoreum, respectively, compared with the untreated algal medium. These results indicated that the toxicity of MCs were alleviated by spiramycin and enhanced by amoxicillin, and the latter effect would increase threats to the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
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26
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Sagi-Ben Moshe S, Dahan O, Weisbrod N, Bernstein A, Adar E, Ronen Z. Biodegradation of explosives mixture in soil under different water-content conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 203-204:333-340. [PMID: 22226717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Soil redox potential plays a key role in the rates and pathways of explosives degradation, and is highly influenced by water content and microbial activity. Soil redox potential can vary significantly both temporally and spatially in micro-sites. In this study, when soil water content increased, the redox potential decreased, and there was significant enhancement in the biodegradation of a mixture of three explosives. Whereas TNT degradation occurred under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, RDX and HMX degradation occurred only when water content conditions resulted in a prolonged period of negative redox potential. Moreover, under unsaturated conditions, which are more representative of real environmental conditions, the low redox potential, even when measured for temporary periods, was sufficient to facilitate anaerobic degradation. Our results clearly indicate a negative influence of TNT on the biodegradation of RDX and HMX, but this effect was less pronounced than that found in previous slurry batch experiments: this can be explained by a masking effect of the soil in the canisters. Fully or partially saturated soils can promote the existence of micro-niches that differ considerably in their explosives concentration, microbial community and redox conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sagi-Ben Moshe
- Department of Soil & Water Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Vydryakova GA, Gusev AA, Medvedeva SE. Effect of organic and inorganic toxic compounds on luminescence of luminous fungi. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683811010194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Abstract
The coming of age of whole‐cell biosensors, combined with the continuing advances in array technologies, has prepared the ground for the next step in the evolution of both disciplines – the whole‐cell array. In the present review, we highlight the state‐of‐the‐art in the different disciplines essential for a functional bacterial array. These include the genetic engineering of the biological components, their immobilization in different polymers, technologies for live cell deposition and patterning on different types of solid surfaces, and cellular viability maintenance. Also reviewed are the types of signals emitted by the reporter cell arrays, some of the transduction methodologies for reading these signals and the mathematical approaches proposed for their analysis. Finally, we review some of the potential applications for bacterial cell arrays, and list the future needs for their maturation: a richer arsenal of high‐performance reporter strains, better methodologies for their incorporation into hardware platforms, design of appropriate detection circuits, the continuing development of dedicated algorithms for multiplex signal analysis and – most importantly – enhanced long‐term maintenance of viability and activity on the fabricated biochips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Elad
- Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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30
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Hong Y, Chen Z, Zhang B, Zhai Q. Isolation of Photobacterium sp. LuB-1 and its application in rapid assays for chemical toxicants in water. Lett Appl Microbiol 2010; 51:308-12. [PMID: 20666988 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2010.02896.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To isolate marine bacteria with strong bioluminescence in a wide range of NaCl concentration, especially at low salt conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS A luminous bacterium named LuB-1 was isolated from China. It was identified by biochemical analysis and phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene and designated as Photobacterium sp. The isolate is capable of emitting strong and stable luminescence in a wide range of NaCl concentration from 0.2 to 5% (w/v). For most toxic agents tested in this study, the response of LuB-1 was better than that of MicrotoxVibrio fischeri under both low salt (0.9% NaCl) and high salt (2.0% NaCl) conditions. CONCLUSION The strain LuB-1 had an obvious predominance of bioluminescence in a wide range of NaCl concentration and better response for heavy metal pollutants and some organic toxicants in both low and high salt toxicity test systems. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Because of its good sensitivity in a wide range of salt concentration, the strain LuB-1 should have its unique advantage in rapid assay for toxicants in water with different salt concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hong
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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31
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Bazin I, Gadal A, Touraud E, Roig B. Hydroxy Benzoate Preservatives (Parabens) in the Environment: Data for Environmental Toxicity Assessment. XENOBIOTICS IN THE URBAN WATER CYCLE 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-3509-7_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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32
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Sasaki S, Mori Y, Ogawa M, Funatsuka S. Spatio-Temporal Control of Bacterial-Suspension Luminescence Using a PDMS Cell. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2010. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.10we137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yusuke Mori
- Graduate School of Bionics, Tokyo University of Technology
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Elad T, Lee JH, Gu MB, Belkin S. Microbial cell arrays. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 117:85-108. [PMID: 20625955 DOI: 10.1007/10_2009_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The coming of age of whole-cell biosensors, combined with the continuing advances in array technologies, has prepared the ground for the next step in the evolution of both disciplines - the whole cell array. In the present chapter, we highlight the state-of-the-art in the different disciplines essential for a functional bacterial array. These include the genetic engineering of the biological components, their immobilization in different polymers, technologies for live cell deposition and patterning on different types of solid surfaces, and cellular viability maintenance. Also reviewed are the types of signals emitted by the reporter cell arrays, some of the transduction methodologies for reading these signals, and the mathematical approaches proposed for their analysis. Finally, we review some of the potential applications for bacterial cell arrays, and list the future needs for their maturation: a richer arsenal of high-performance reporter strains, better methodologies for their incorporation into hardware platforms, design of appropriate detection circuits, the continuing development of dedicated algorithms for multiplex signal analysis, and - most importantly - enhanced long term maintenance of viability and activity on the fabricated biochips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Elad
- Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
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Zitova A, O'Mahony FC, Cross M, Davenport J, Papkovsky DB. Toxicological profiling of chemical and environmental samples using panels of test organisms and optical oxygen respirometry. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2009; 24:116-127. [PMID: 18442072 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A simple and versatile methodology for high throughput toxicological assessment of chemical and environmental samples is presented. It uses panels of test organisms ranging from prokaryotic (E. coli, V. fischeri) and eukaryotic (Jurkat) cells to invertebrate (Artemia salina) and vertebrate (Danio rerio) organisms, to analyze alterations in their oxygen consumption by optical oxygen respirometry. All the assays are carried out in a convenient microtiter plate format using commercial reagents (phosphorescent oxygen probe, microplates) and detection on a standard fluorescent plate reader. Simple experimental set-up and mix-and-measure procedure allow parallel assessment of up to 96 samples (or assay points) in 2 h, easy generation of dose- and time-dependent responses, and EC(50) values. The methodology was demonstrated with several different classes of chemicals including heavy metal ions, PAHs, pesticides, their mixtures, and also validated with complex environmental samples such as wastewater from a wastewater treatment plant. It has been shown to provide high sensitivity, sample throughput and information content, flexibility and general robustness. It allows ranking and profiling of samples, compares favorably with alternative methods such as MicroTox and mortality tests with animal models, and is well suited for large-scale monitoring programs such as CWA and WFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Zitova
- Biochemistry Department and ABCRF, University College Cork, Cavanagh Pharmacy Building, Cork, Ireland
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35
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Girotti S, Ferri EN, Fumo MG, Maiolini E. Monitoring of environmental pollutants by bioluminescent bacteria. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 608:2-29. [PMID: 18206990 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2007] [Revised: 12/06/2007] [Accepted: 12/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This review deals with the applications of bioluminescent bacteria to the environmental analyses, published during the years 2000-2007. The ecotoxicological assessment, by bioassays, of the environmental risks and the luminescent approaches are reported. The review includes a brief introduction to the characteristics and applications of bioassays, a description of the characteristics and applications of natural bioluminescent bacteria (BLB), and a collection of the main applications to organic and inorganic pollutants. The light-emitting genetically modified bacteria applications, as well as the bioluminescent immobilized systems and biosensors are outlined. Considerations about commercially available BLB and BLB catalogues are also reported. Most of the environmental applications, here mentioned, of luminescent organisms are on wastewater, seawater, surface and ground water, tap water, soil and sediments, air. Comparison to other bioindicators and bioassay has been also made. Various tables have been inserted, to make easier to take a rapid glance at all possible references concerning the topic of specific interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Girotti
- Department of Metallurgic Science, Electrochemistry and Chemical Techniques, University of Bologna, Via S. Donato 15, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
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36
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Golding GR, Kelly CA, Sparling R, Loewen PC, Barkay T. Evaluation of mercury toxicity as a predictor of mercury bioavailability. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2007; 41:5685-92. [PMID: 17874774 DOI: 10.1021/es070138i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Many studies on bioavailability of toxic metals have made the assumption that observation of toxicity is evidence thatthe metal was taken into the cells (i.e., was "bioavailable"). A second assumption is that results at the high concentrations necessary for toxic effect are applicable to the lower concentrations more commonly found in the environment. These assumptions were specifically tested for mercury (Hg(II)) toxicity (at concentrations of 0.25-50 nM Hg) and uptake (at lower concentrations of 0.005-0.015 nM Hg) in the aquatic bacterium, V. anguillarum. Toxicity was measured as reduction in levels of constitutively expressed bioluminescence in V. anguillarum pRB27. Hg(II) uptake was measured using the Hg(II)-inducible mer-lux operon in V. anguillarum pRB28. In experiments where the predominant Hg species was changed from HgCl2 to Hg(OH)2 or Hg(NH3)2(2+), toxicity results accurately predicted that there would be no effect of the dominant species on Hg(II) uptake at lower HgT concentrations. However, toxicity tests with these same ligands failed to predict that there would be an effect on Hg(II) uptake when conditions were changed from aerobic to anaerobic. Toxicity tests also failed to predict the effect of 5 mM histidine additions on Hg(II) uptake, as histidine addition protected cells completely from Hg toxicity under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, at concentrations up to 50 nM Hg, but did not prevent Hg(II) uptake. Uptake occurred at low HgT concentrations (0.01 nM) at the same rate when histidine was added under aerobic conditions and was substantially increased under anaerobic conditions. Thus, toxicity assays for Hg under a variety of conditions were not always a reliable predictor of the effects of those conditions on Hg(II) uptake into the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- George R Golding
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Vlasova II, Asrieli TV, Gavrilova EM, Danilov VS. Determination of antibiotics using luminescent Escherichia coli and blood serum. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683807040114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Heinlaan M, Kahru A, Kasemets K, Kurvet I, Waterlot C, Sepp K, Dubourguier HC, Douay F. Rapid screening for soil ecotoxicity with a battery of luminescent bacteria tests. Altern Lab Anim 2007; 35:101-10. [PMID: 17411358 DOI: 10.1177/026119290703500109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A bacterial test battery, involving i) Microtox, an aquatic test, ii) the Flash assay, a soil-suspension test (with Vibrio fischeri as the test organism), and iii) the Metal Detector assay, a semi-specific aquatic test for heavy metals (with recombinant luminescent Escherichia coli), was used in a combined toxicological and chemical hazard assessment of Estonian soils sampled from a former Soviet military airfield (13 samples) and from traffic-influenced roadsides (5 samples). The soils showed slightly elevated levels of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), but not of heavy metals. In most of the samples, the levels of TPH did not exceed the Estonian permitted limit values set for residential areas. Toxicity testing was performed on both fresh and dried soils, after aqueous extraction for 1 hour and 24 hours. The toxicity results obtained with the Microtox test did not significantly differ in all of the sample treatment schemes; however, it appeared that the drying and sieving of the soils increased the bioavailability of toxicants, probably due to an enlarged reactive soil surface area. According to chemical analysis of the soils and the data from the Microtox test and the Metal Detector assay (performed on aqueous elutriates of the soils), these soils would not be considered to be hazardous. In contrast, the Flash assay performed on soil-water suspensions of dried soils, showed that most of the soils were toxic and thus probably contained undetermined particle-bound bioavailable toxicants. The photobacterial toxicity test (the Flash assay) can be recommended for the rapid screening of soils, as it is sensitive, cheap and inexpensive, and provides valuable information on particle-bound bioavailable toxicants, useful for complementing a chemical analysis and for assessing the risks originating from polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Heinlaan
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
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Sakaguchi T, Morioka Y, Yamasaki M, Iwanaga J, Beppu K, Maeda H, Morita Y, Tamiya E. Rapid and onsite BOD sensing system using luminous bacterial cells-immobilized chip. Biosens Bioelectron 2006; 22:1345-50. [PMID: 16846732 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2006.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2006] [Revised: 05/19/2006] [Accepted: 06/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A BOD monitoring system based on a bio-chip which immobilized luminous bacterium in micrometer-order holes were arrayed and fabricated by micro-machine techniques, was developed. The acrylic chip (3 cmx3 cm) comprises nine micro-holes (diameter: 700 microm or 1 mm, depth: 100 microm) arranged in a three by three array. Cells of the marine luminous bacterium, Photobacterium phosphoreum IFO 13896, which was grown at 15 degrees C for 15 h, were immobilized with 3% or 15% sodium alginate gel. BOD standard solutions or actual sample solution (approximately 10 microl) was fallen onto the cell-arrayed chip, and then the chip was incubated at 25 degrees C for 25 min. After incubation, bioluminescence from the each hole was gray-scaled and measured by a chemi-imager or newly developed onsite-type-monitoring system using a digital camera and a mobile-type personal computer. BOD values less than 16 ppm could detect by the chip, in particular, linear relationship at the concentrations between 0 and 16 ppm could be observed when luminous cells were immobilized with 3% sodium alginate gel. Steady bioluminescence was observed on the chip in the presence of BOD standard solution (GGA solution) which contained mineral elements. Furthermore, simultaneous detection of BOD values in various samples could be employed in the single chip. These results showed that the monitoring system with bio-chip could achieve high-through-put and onsite BOD detection. Our newly developed onsite-type BOD detection system which was used a digital camera and a (mobile) laptop computer was applied to measure and detect organic pollution due to biodegradable substances in wastewater treatment system. The same performance as the chemi-imager system was obtained for data of bioluminescence. The obtained BOD values showed a similar correlation with that of the conventional method for BOD determination (BOD5). These results suggested for successful achievement of high-though-put and onsite detection of BOD in practical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Sakaguchi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 562, Nanatsuka, Shobara, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan.
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van der Schalie WH, James RR, Gargan TP. Selection of a battery of rapid toxicity sensors for drinking water evaluation. Biosens Bioelectron 2006; 22:18-27. [PMID: 16406499 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2005.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2005] [Revised: 11/07/2005] [Accepted: 11/23/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive identification of chemical contaminants in Army field water supplies can be a lengthy process, but rapid analytical methods suitable for field use are limited. A complementary approach is to directly measure toxicity instead of individual chemical constituents. Ten toxicity sensors utilizing enzymes, bacteria, or vertebrate cells were tested to determine the minimum number of sensors that could rapidly identify toxicity in water samples containing one of 12 industrial chemicals. The ideal sensor would respond at a concentration just exceeding the Military Exposure Guideline (MEG) level for the chemical (an estimated threshold for adverse effects) but below the human lethal concentration. Chemical solutions were provided to testing laboratories as blind samples. No sensors responded to deionized water blanks, and only one sensor responded to a hard water blank. No single toxicity sensor responded to more than six chemicals in the desired response range, and one chemical (nicotine) was not detected by any sensor with the desired sensitivity. A combination of three sensors (Microtox, the Electric Cell Substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) test, and the Hepatocyte low density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake test) responded appropriately to nine of twelve chemicals. Adding a fourth sensor (neuronal microelectrode array) to the test battery allowed detection of two additional chemicals (aldicarb and methamidophos), but the neuronal microelectrode array was overly sensitive to paraquat. Evaluating sensor performance using a standard set of chemicals and a desired sensitivity range provides a basis both for selecting among available toxicity sensors and for evaluating emerging sensor technologies. Recommendations for future toxicity sensor evaluations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H van der Schalie
- US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, 568 Doughten Drive, Fort Detrick, MD 21702-5010, USA.
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Bjerketorp J, Håkansson S, Belkin S, Jansson JK. Advances in preservation methods: keeping biosensor microorganisms alive and active. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2006; 17:43-9. [PMID: 16368231 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2005.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2005] [Revised: 11/05/2005] [Accepted: 12/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The ability of bacteria to sense their surroundings can be employed to measure the bioavailability and toxicity of pollutants. However, long-term maintenance of both viability and activity of the sensor bacteria is required for the development of cell-based devices for environmental monitoring. To meet these demands, various techniques to conserve such bacteria have been reported, including freeze drying, vacuum drying, continuous cultivation, and immobilisation in biocompatible polymers of organic or inorganic origin. Much effort has been invested in merging these bacterial preservation schemes with the construction of sensor cell arrays on platforms such as biochips or optic fibres, hopefully leading to effective miniaturised whole-cell biosensor systems. These approaches hold much promise for the future. Nevertheless, their eventual implementation in practical devices calls for significant enhancement of current knowledge on formulation of reporter microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joakim Bjerketorp
- Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7025, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Sørensen SJ, Burmølle M, Hansen LH. Making bio-sense of toxicity: new developments in whole-cell biosensors. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2006; 17:11-6. [PMID: 16376540 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2005.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2005] [Revised: 12/01/2005] [Accepted: 12/13/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial whole-cell biosensors are very useful for toxicity measurements of various samples. Semi-specific biosensors, containing fusions of stress-regulated promoters and reporter genes, have several advantages over the traditional, general biosensors that are based on constitutively expressed reporter genes. Furthermore, semi-specific biosensors are constantly being refined to lower their sensitivity and, in combination, are able to detect a wide range of toxic agents. However, the requirement for a positive response of these biosensors to toxicants can result in false-negative responses. The application of in situ inoculation and single-cell detection, combined with the introduction of new reporter genes and refined detection equipment, could lead to the extensive use of semi-specific, stress-responsive biosensors for toxicity estimations in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren J Sørensen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Sølvgade 83H, 1307 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
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Pedahzur R, Polyak B, Marks RS, Belkin S. Water toxicity detection by a panel of stress-responsive luminescent bacteria. J Appl Toxicol 2005; 24:343-8. [PMID: 15478173 DOI: 10.1002/jat.1023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A panel of Escherichia coli strains harbouring different stress-responsive promoters fused to a lux reporter system was used to assess the potential toxicity of 17 unknown model water samples. Using liquid cultures, nine out of 14 toxic samples were properly identified as toxic, whereas five were false negatives. All three non-toxic controls were identified correctly (no false positives). Two strains containing promoter-lux fusions were also tested when immobilized onto fibre-optic tips. One genotoxic sample and six toxic samples were correctly identified in this manner. The potential advantages and limitations in the use of genetically engineered bacteria as biosensors for water toxicity are discussed in view of these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pedahzur
- Division of Environmental Sciences, The Fredy and Nadine Herrmann Graduate School of Applied Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
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Trajkovska S, Tosheska K, Aaron JJ, Spirovski F, Zdravkovski Z. Bioluminescence determination of enzyme activity of firefly luciferase in the presence of pesticides. LUMINESCENCE 2005; 20:192-6. [PMID: 15924326 DOI: 10.1002/bio.820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Firefly luciferase (EC 1.13.12.5) (FL) is the key enzyme in the firefly bioluminescence method (FB), which is widely used to determine the viability of living cells. The FB method can also be applied to monitoring the influence of different pollutants, such as pesticides. Firefly luciferase is a hydrophobic enzyme and its activity depends on the type of solvent, pH and substances present in the reaction mixture. The influence of three aromatic pesticides, including fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (I), diclofop-methyl (II) and metsulfuron methyl (III), on the enzyme activity was indirectly evaluated through the measurement of emitted light in the bioluminescence reaction, expressed in relative luminescence units (RLU). The reaction mixture used in the bioluminescence measurements consisted of: Tris buffer (pH 7.75), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and ATP monitoring reagent, where FL is present. Ethanol-water solutions of each pesticide were then added at concentrations of 2.4 x 10(-4)-2.4 x 10(-8) mol/L. The FL activity inhibition factors (FL In%) were determined. The FL activity was maximally inhibited in the presence of all pesticides under study at a concentration of 2.4 x 10(-4) mol/L and was lowered by about 15-26% for pesticide I at concentrations of 2.4 x 10(-5)-2.4 x 10(-8) mol/L, whereas pesticides II and III, applied in the same concentration range, showed smaller FL inhibition values (5.3-20%). The pesticide degradation products (obtained after a 1 month period), measured in the same experimental conditions, in most cases exhibited a much less inhibitory effect on the enzyme activity than the corresponding initial pesticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snezana Trajkovska
- Department of Medical and Experimental Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Ss. Ciril and Metodius University, 50 Divizija 6, 1000 Skopje, R. Macedonia
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Medvedeva SE, Boyandin A, Lankin Y, Kotov D, Rodicheva E, Popova L. BIOLUMBASE?the database of natural and transgenic bioluminescent organisms. LUMINESCENCE 2005; 20:90-6. [PMID: 15803502 DOI: 10.1002/bio.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Institute of Biophysics SB RAS hosts and maintains a specialized collection of luminous bacteria (CCIBSO 836) containing over 700 strains isolated in various regions of the world's oceans. The culture collection is a source of lux genes and biologically active substances. The wide application of bioluminescence in medicine and ecology has given importance to analysing information on the structure and functioning of bioluminescence systems in natural and transgenic microorganisms, as well as on their features that are closely interrelated with bioluminescence. The aims of our BIOLUMBASE database are: gathering information on microorganisms with lux genes, their analysis and free access, and distribution of this data throughout the global network. The database includes two sections, natural and transgenic luminous microorganisms, and is updated by our own experimental results, the published literature and internet resources. For the future, a publicly available internet site for BIOLUMBASE is planned. This will list the strains and provide comprehensive information on the properties and functions of luminous bacteria, the mechanisms of regulation of bioluminescence systems, constructs with lux genes, and applications of bioluminescence in microbiology, ecology, medicine and biotechnology. It is noteworthy that this database will also be useful for evaluation of biological hazards of transgenic strains. Users will be able to carry out bibliographic and strain searches starting from any feature of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana E Medvedeva
- Institute of Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
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Sakaguchi T, Kitagawa K, Ando T, Murakami Y, Morita Y, Yamamura A, Yokoyama K, Tamiya E. A rapid BOD sensing system using luminescent recombinants of Escherichia coli. Biosens Bioelectron 2004; 19:115-21. [PMID: 14568711 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(03)00170-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) sensing system based on bacterial luminescence from recombinant Escherichia coli containing lux A-E genes from Vibrio fischeri has been developed. It was possible to use frozen cells of luminescent recombinants of E. coli as the bacterial reagents for measurement. Steady bioluminescence was observed during the incubation time between 90 and 150 min in the presence of a sole carbon source such as glucose, acetate, L-glutamate and BOD standard solution (GGA solution). This disposable bacterial reagent was applied to measure and detect organic pollution due to biodegradable substances in various wastewaters. The obtained values of this study showed a similar correlation with that of the conventional method for BOD determination (BOD5). Bacterial luminescence that was visualized with an imaging system using a charge coupled device (CCD) camera and a photomulti-counter demonstrated that this method could also be used for multi-sample detection of organic pollution due to biodegradable substances by using a microtiter plate. These results suggested for successful achievement of high-though-put detection of BOD in practical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Sakaguchi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Chemistry, KinKi University, 11-6, Kayanomori, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8555, Japan.
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Abstract
The past decade has witnessed the development of a novel class of tools for environmental monitoring: genetically engineered microorganisms 'tailored' to respond in a dose-dependent manner to changes in environmental conditions. Recent advances in the field include the expansion of available reporter functions with multicolored fluorescent proteins, a broadening of the detected chemical effects such as the availability of nutrients and enhancement of the spectrum of reporter microorganisms to include cyanobacteria, yeast and fungi. Most importantly, the stage has been set for the incorporation of such cells into various whole-cell array formats on silicon chips, optic fibres and other configurations. The future of such multiplex detection and analysis systems seems bright.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimshon Belkin
- Division of Environmental Sciences, The Fredy and Nadin Herrmann Graduate School of Applied Science, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
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