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Erradhouani C, Bortoli S, Aït-Aïssa S, Coumoul X, Brion F. Metabolic disrupting chemicals in the intestine: the need for biologically relevant models: Zebrafish: what can we learn from this small environment-sensitive fish? FEBS Open Bio 2024. [PMID: 39218795 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Although the concept of endocrine disruptors first appeared almost 30 years ago, the relatively recent involvement of these substances in the etiology of metabolic pathologies (obesity, diabetes, hepatic steatosis, etc.) has given rise to the concept of Metabolic Disrupting Chemicals (MDCs). Organs such as the liver and adipose tissue have been well studied in the context of metabolic disruption by these substances. The intestine, however, has been relatively unexplored despite its close link with these organs. In vivo models are useful for the study of the effects of MDCs in the intestine and, in addition, allow investigations into interactions with the rest of the organism. In the latter respect, the zebrafish is an animal model which is used increasingly for the characterization of endocrine disruptors and its use as a model for assessing effects on the intestine will, no doubt, expand. This review aims to highlight the importance of the intestine in metabolism and present the zebrafish as a relevant alternative model for investigating the effect of pollutants in the intestine by focusing, in particular, on cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A), one of the major molecular players in endogenous and MDCs metabolism in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chedi Erradhouani
- Ecotoxicologie des Substances et des Milieux, INERIS, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
- Université Paris Cité, France
- Inserm UMR-S 1124, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Bortoli
- Université Paris Cité, France
- Inserm UMR-S 1124, Paris, France
| | - Selim Aït-Aïssa
- Ecotoxicologie des Substances et des Milieux, INERIS, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- Université Paris Cité, France
- Inserm UMR-S 1124, Paris, France
| | - François Brion
- Ecotoxicologie des Substances et des Milieux, INERIS, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
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Mohan S, Surendran S, Malini NA, George KR. Evaluation of Bisphenol S (BPS) toxicity on the reproductive system of Channa striatus: Insights for environmental risk assessment. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 130:108690. [PMID: 39178970 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems face significant exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which can mimic, block, or alter the synthesis of endogenous hormones. Bisphenol A (BPA), a widely known EDC, has been phased out from consumer products due to concerns about its potential impacts on human health. In its place, bisphenol S (BPS), an organic compound, has been increasingly used in the production of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins, thermal receipt papers, and currency. Vitellogenin (Vtg), a yolk precursor protein synthesized in the liver and present in oviparous fish, particularly males, serves as a pertinent biomarker for studying the effects of estrogenic EDCs on fish. This study aimed to assess the impact of BPS on reproductive parameters and hepatic vitellogenin expression in Channa striatus. The LC50 of BPS was determined to be 128.8 mg/L. Experimental groups included control and BPS-exposed fish, with sub-lethal concentrations of BPS (1 mg/L, 4 mg/L, and 12 mg/L) administered and effects monitored at seven- and twenty-one-day intervals. Significant decreases in gonadosomatic index (GSI), ova diameter, and fecundity were observed in BPS-exposed Channa striatus. Hepatic Vtg mRNA expression was downregulated in female and upregulated in male following BPS exposure. Serum hormone analysis confirmed the estrogenic activity of BPS. These findings underscore BPS's ability as an endocrine disruptor to interfere with hormone synthesis and disrupt spermatogenesis and oogenesis processes in Channa striatus. This research contributes to understanding the endocrine-disrupting effects of BPS on aquatic organisms, highlighting potential ecological implications and the need for continued monitoring and regulatory considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sini Mohan
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Zoology, St. Thomas College Kozhencherry, Kerala 689 641, India
| | - Siju Surendran
- Centre for Neuoroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - N A Malini
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Zoology, St. Thomas College Kozhencherry, Kerala 689 641, India
| | - K Roy George
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Zoology, St. Thomas College Kozhencherry, Kerala 689 641, India.
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Bartkowiak-Wieczorek J, Jaros A, Gajdzińska A, Wojtyła-Buciora P, Szymański I, Szymaniak J, Janusz W, Walczak I, Jonaszka G, Bienert A. The Dual Faces of Oestrogen: The Impact of Exogenous Oestrogen on the Physiological and Pathophysiological Functions of Tissues and Organs. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8167. [PMID: 39125736 PMCID: PMC11311417 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Oestrogen plays a crucial physiological role in both women and men. It regulates reproductive functions and maintains various non-reproductive tissues through its receptors, such as oestrogen receptor 1/oestrogen receptor α (ESR1/Erα), oestrogen receptor 2/oestrogen receptor β (ESR2/Erβ), and G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor 1 (GPER). This hormone is essential for the proper functioning of women's ovaries and uterus. Oestrogen supports testicular function and spermatogenesis in men and contributes to bone density, cardiovascular health, and metabolic processes in both sexes. Nuclear receptors Er-α and Er-β belong to the group of transcription activators that stimulate cell proliferation. In the environment, compounds similar in structure to the oestrogens compete with endogenous hormones for binding sites to receptors and to disrupt homeostasis. The lack of balance in oestrogen levels can lead to infertility, cancer, immunological disorders, and other conditions. Exogenous endocrine-active compounds, such as bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates, and organic phosphoric acid esters, can disrupt signalling pathways responsible for cell division and apoptosis processes. The metabolism of oestrogen and its structurally similar compounds can produce carcinogenic substances. It can also stimulate the growth of cancer cells by regulating genes crucial for cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, with long-term elevated levels linked to hormone-dependent cancers such as breast cancer. Oestrogens can also affect markers of immunological activation and contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases. Hormone replacement therapy, oral contraception, in vitro fertilisation stimulation, and hormonal stimulation of transgender people can increase the risk of breast cancer. Cortisol, similar in structure to oestrogen, can serve as a biomarker associated with the risk of developing breast cancer. The aim of this review is to analyse the sources of oestrogens and their effects on the endogenous and exogenous process of homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Bartkowiak-Wieczorek
- Physiology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (A.G.); (P.W.-B.); (I.S.); (J.S.); (W.J.); (I.W.); (G.J.)
| | - Agnieszka Jaros
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (A.J.); (A.B.)
| | - Anna Gajdzińska
- Physiology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (A.G.); (P.W.-B.); (I.S.); (J.S.); (W.J.); (I.W.); (G.J.)
| | - Paulina Wojtyła-Buciora
- Physiology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (A.G.); (P.W.-B.); (I.S.); (J.S.); (W.J.); (I.W.); (G.J.)
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland
| | - Igor Szymański
- Physiology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (A.G.); (P.W.-B.); (I.S.); (J.S.); (W.J.); (I.W.); (G.J.)
| | - Julian Szymaniak
- Physiology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (A.G.); (P.W.-B.); (I.S.); (J.S.); (W.J.); (I.W.); (G.J.)
| | - Wojciech Janusz
- Physiology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (A.G.); (P.W.-B.); (I.S.); (J.S.); (W.J.); (I.W.); (G.J.)
| | - Iga Walczak
- Physiology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (A.G.); (P.W.-B.); (I.S.); (J.S.); (W.J.); (I.W.); (G.J.)
| | - Gabriela Jonaszka
- Physiology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (A.G.); (P.W.-B.); (I.S.); (J.S.); (W.J.); (I.W.); (G.J.)
| | - Agnieszka Bienert
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (A.J.); (A.B.)
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Chen Z, Zhang G, Xie M, Zheng Z, Chen Y, Zhang N, Guo Y, Wang Z, Dong Z. Toxic effects of environmental concentration Bisphenol AF exposure on the survival, growth and reproduction of adult male Oryzias curvinotus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 280:109903. [PMID: 38508354 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol AF (BPAF) is a novel environmental endocrine disruptor, and is widely detected in the aquatic environment, which is a potential threat to the health of fish. In this study, male Oryzias curvinotus were exposed to environmental concentrations (0.93 and 9.33 μg/L) of BPAF for 21 days. The effects of BPAF on survival, growth, reproduction, liver and testis histology, and gene transcriptional profiles of O. curvinotus were investigated. The results showed that the survival rate of male O. curvinotus slight decrease with increasing BPAF concentration, and there was no significant effect on body length, body weight, and K-factor. BPAF (9.33 μg/L) caused significant changes in testicular structure and reduced spermatid count in O. curvinotus. Changes in transcript levels of some antioxidant-related genes in gills and liver following BPAF exposure, imply an effect of BPAF on the immune system. After BPAF exposure, chgs and vtgs were up-regulated, validating the estrogenic effect of BPAF. In the hypothalamic - pituitary - gonadal axis (HPG) results, erα, erγ and cyp19a1b were all up-regulated in the brain, and the 0.93 μg/L BPAF group was more up-regulated than the 9.33 μg/L BPAF group. In testis, BPAF significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression level of cyp17a1 and cyp11b, while significantly down-regulated mRNA expression level of cyp11a, and cyp19a1 was significantly down-regulated only in the 0.93 μg/L BPAF group. In conclusion, environmental levels of BPAF have adverse effects on the survival and reproduction of O. curvinotus, and the potential toxic effects of environmental levels of BPAF cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuchun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Guiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Minghua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zikang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yuebi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yusong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zhongduo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zhongdian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
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5
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Xue S, Li X, Zhou S, Zhang J, Sun K, Peng X, Chen N, Dong M, Jiang T, Chen Y, Yan W. Effects and mechanisms of endocrine disruptor bisphenol AF on male reproductive health: A mini review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 276:116300. [PMID: 38583312 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol AF (BPAF), an analogue of bisphenol A (BPA), is commonly found in manufacturing industries and known for its endocrine-disrupting properties. Despite potential similarities in adverse effects with BPA, limited toxicological data exist specifically for BPAF and its impact on male reproductive physiology. This mini-review aims to elucidate the influence of BPAF on the male reproductive system, focusing on estrogenic effects, effects on the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis, steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis, and transgenerational reproductive toxicity. Additionally, we outline the current insights into the potential mechanisms underlying BPAF-induced male reproductive disorders. BPAF exposure, either directly or maternally, has been associated with detrimental effects on male reproductive functions, including damage to the blood-testis barrier (BTB) structure, disruptions in steroidogenesis, testis dysfunction, decreased anogenital distance (AGD), and defects in sperm and semen quality. Mechanistically, altered gene expression in the HPG axis, deficits in the steroidogenesis pathway, activation of the aromatase pathway, cascade effects induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS), activation of ERK signaling, and immunological responses collectively contribute to the adverse effects of BPAF on the male reproductive system. Given the high prevalence of male reproductive issues and infertility, along with the widespread environmental distribution of bisphenols, this study provides valuable insights into the negative effects of BPAF. The findings underscore the importance of considering the safe use of this compound, urging further exploration and regulatory attention to decrease potential risks associated with BPAF exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senlin Xue
- Department of Key Laboratory, Affiliated hospital of Nantong University, Changshu 215500, PR China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, School of life science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, PR China
| | - Shenrui Zhou
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, School of life science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, PR China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Kun Sun
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, School of life science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, PR China
| | - Xin Peng
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, School of life science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, PR China
| | - Nannan Chen
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, School of life science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Dong
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, School of life science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, PR China
| | - Tingwang Jiang
- Department of Key Laboratory, Affiliated hospital of Nantong University, Changshu 215500, PR China
| | - Yang Chen
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, School of life science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, PR China.
| | - Wei Yan
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, School of life science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, PR China.
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6
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Guillante T, Zebral YD, Costa Silva DGD, Junior ASV, Corcini CD, Acosta IB, Costa PG, Bianchini A, da Rosa CE. Chlorothalonil as a potential endocrine disruptor in male zebrafish (Danio rerio): Impact on the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis and sperm quality. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141423. [PMID: 38340991 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Chlorothalonil is a broad-spectrum organochlorine fungicide widely employed in agriculture to control fungal foliar diseases. This fungicide enters aquatic environments through the leaching process, leading to toxicity in non-target organisms. Organic contaminants can impact organism reproduction as they have the potential to interact with the neuroendocrine system. Although there are reports of toxic effects of chlorothalonil, information regarding its impact on reproduction is limited. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of chlorothalonil on male reproductive physiology using the zebrafish (Danio rerio) as ecotoxicological model. Zebrafish were exposed for 7 days to two concentrations of chlorothalonil (0.1 and 10 μg/L) along with a control group (with DMSO - 0.001%). Gene expression of hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis components (gnrh2, gnrh3, lhr, fshr, star, hsd17b1, hsd17b3, and cyp19a1), as well as hepatic vitellogenin concentration were assessed. In sperm cells, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, lipid peroxidation (LPO), mitochondrial functionality, and membrane integrity and fluidity were evaluated. Results indicate that exposure to the higher concentration of chlorothalonil led to a reduction in brain gnr2 expression. In gonads, mRNA levels of lhr, star, and hsd17b1 were decreased at both chlorothalonil concentrations tested. Similarly, hepatic vitellogenin concentration was reduced. Regarding sperm cells, a decreased ROS level was observed, without significant difference in LPO level. Additionally, a higher mitochondrial potential and lower membrane fluidity were observed in zebrafish exposed to chlorothalonil. These findings demonstrate that chlorothalonil acts as an endocrine disruptor, influencing reproductive control mechanisms, as evidenced by changes in expression of genes HPG axis, as well as hepatic vitellogenin concentration. Furthermore, our findings reveal that exposure to this contaminant may compromise the reproductive success of the species, as it affected sperm quality parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainá Guillante
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Yuri Dornelles Zebral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Dennis Guilherme da Costa Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Carine Dahl Corcini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal De Pelotas, Capão do Leão, Campus Universitário, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Izani Bonel Acosta
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal De Pelotas, Capão do Leão, Campus Universitário, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Gomes Costa
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo da Rosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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Zhang L, Luo Y, Zhang Z, Pan Y, Li X, Zhuang Z, Li J, Luo Q, Chen X. Enhanced reproductive toxicity of photodegraded polylactic acid microplastics in zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168742. [PMID: 38007130 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are widely used due to their numerous advantages. However, they can have detrimental effects on marine ecosystems. When microplastics enter the ocean, they can be absorbed by marine organisms, leading to toxic effects. Additionally, the transformation of microplastics during natural degradation can alter their toxicity, necessitating further investigation. Polylactic acid (PLA) biodegradable plastics are commonly used, yet research on their toxicity, particularly their reproductive effects on aquatic organisms, remains limited. In this study, we conducted photodegradation of PLA using potassium persulfate as a catalyst to simulate natural degradation conditions. Our objective was to assess the reproductive toxicity of photodegraded PLA microplastics on zebrafish. The results revealed that photodegraded PLA exhibited elevated reproductive toxicity, resulting in abnormal oocyte differentiation, disruption of sexual hormone levels, and alterations in ovarian tissue metabolism. Metabolomics analysis indicated that both unphotodegraded PLA (UPLA) and photodegraded PLA (DPLA) disrupted oxidative stress homeostasis in zebrafish ovarian tissue by influencing pathways such as purine metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and riboflavin metabolism. Furthermore, the DPLA treatment induced abnormal biosynthesis of taurocholic acid, which was not observed in the UPLA treatment group. Importantly, the DPLA treatment group exhibited more pronounced effects on offspring development compared to the UPLA treatment group, characterized by higher mortality rates, inhibition of embryo hatching, accelerated heart rates, and reduced larval body length. These findings underscore the varying levels of toxicity to zebrafish ovaries before and after PLA photodegradation, along with evidence of intergenerational toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Zhang
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Luo
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Yupeng Pan
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Xuewei Li
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Zile Zhuang
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Qizhi Luo
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Xuncai Chen
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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8
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Li H, Gao J, Liu Y, Ding Y, Guo Y, Wang Z, Dong Z, Zhang N. Toxic Effects of Bisphenol AF Exposure on the Reproduction and Liver of Female Marine Medaka ( Oryzias melastigma). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:222. [PMID: 38254391 PMCID: PMC10812438 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, bisphenol AF (BPAF) in aquatic environments has drawn attention to its ecological risks. This study aims to investigate the toxic effects of BPAF (188.33 μg/L) exposure for 30 days on female marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). On the 10th and 30th day of exposure, the toxicity was evaluated using histological analysis of the liver and ovaries and the transcription levels of genes related to the antioxidant system, immune system, and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Findings revealed that (1) BPAF exposure caused vacuolation, karyopyknosis and karyolysis in the liver of marine medaka, and the toxic impact augmented with duration; (2) exposure to BPAF for 10 days facilitated the growth and maturation of primary ova, and this exposure had a comparatively inhibitory effect after 30 days; (3) exposure to BPAF resulted in a biphasic regulation of the transcriptional abundance of genes involved in antioxidant and inflammatory response (e.g., il-8, cat), with an initial up-regulation followed by down-regulation. Additionally, it disrupted the transcriptional pattern of HPG axis-related genes (e.g., 3βhsd, arα). In conclusion, 188.33 μg/L BPAF can alter the expression levels of functionally related genes, impair the structural integrity of marine organisms, and pose a threat to their overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichen Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (Z.W.)
| | - Jiahao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (Z.W.)
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (Z.W.)
| | - Yujia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (Z.W.)
| | - Yusong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhongduo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhongdian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (Z.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.L.); (J.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.G.); (Z.W.)
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Wu X, Tian Y, Zhu H, Xu P, Zhang J, Hu Y, Ji X, Yan R, Yue H, Sang N. Invisible Hand behind Female Reproductive Disorders: Bisphenols, Recent Evidence and Future Perspectives. TOXICS 2023; 11:1000. [PMID: 38133401 PMCID: PMC10748066 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11121000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Reproductive disorders are considered a global health problem influenced by physiological, genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The increased exposure to bisphenols, a chemical used in large quantities for the production of polycarbonate plastics, has raised concerns regarding health risks in humans, particularly their endocrine-disrupting effects on female reproductive health. To provide a basis for future research on environmental interference and reproductive health, we reviewed relevant studies on the exposure patterns and levels of bisphenols in environmental matrices and humans (including susceptible populations such as pregnant women and children). In addition, we focused on in vivo, in vitro, and epidemiological studies evaluating the effects of bisphenols on the female reproductive system (the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and vagina). The results indicate that bisphenols cause structural and functional damage to the female reproductive system by interfering with hormones; activating receptors; inducing oxidative stress, DNA damage, and carcinogenesis; and triggering epigenetic changes, with the damaging effects being intergenerational. Epidemiological studies support the association between bisphenols and diseases such as cancer of the female reproductive system, reproductive dysfunction, and miscarriage, which may negatively affect the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Altogether, this review provides a reference for assessing the adverse effects of bisphenols on female reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Wu
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Yuchai Tian
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Huizhen Zhu
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Pengchong Xu
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Jiyue Zhang
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Yangcheng Hu
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Xiaotong Ji
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China;
| | - Ruifeng Yan
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Huifeng Yue
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Nan Sang
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
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10
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Chen L, Lin X, Shi S, Li M, Mortimer M, Fang W, Li F, Guo LH. Activation of estrogen-related receptor: An alternative mechanism of hexafluoropropylene oxide homologs estrogenic effects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:166257. [PMID: 37574057 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) alternatives such as hexafluoropropylene oxide homologs (HFPOs) cause concern due to increased occurrence in the environment as well as potential bioaccumulation and toxicity. HFPOs have been demonstrated to activate the estrogen receptor (ER) pathway. The ER pathway is homologous and connected to the estrogen-related receptor (ERR) pathway, but HFPOs effects on the ERR pathway have not been studied. Hence, we assessed the potential estrogenic effects of HFPOs via ERRγ pathway. In vitro assays revealed that HFPO dimeric, trimeric, and tetrameric acids (HFPO-DA, -TA, and -TeA, respectively), acted as ERRγ agonists, activating the transcription of both human and zebrafish ERRγ at low concentrations, but inhibiting zebrafish ERRγ at high concentrations. We also found that HFPO-TA promoted the human endometrial cancer cells (Ishikawa cells) proliferation via ERRγ/EGF, Cyclin D1 pathway. The HFPO-TA-induced proliferation of Ishikawa cells was inhibited by co-exposure with a specific antagonist of ERRγ, GSK5182. In vivo exposure of female zebrafish to HFPO-TA disturbed sex hormone levels, interfered with the gene expression involved in estrogen synthesis and follicle regulation, and caused histopathological lesions in the ovaries, which were similar to those induced by a known ERRγ agonist GSK4716. Taken together, this study revealed a new mechanism concerning the estrogenic effect of HFPOs via activation of the ERRγ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, 258 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, 168 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| | - Xicha Lin
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, 258 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, 168 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| | - Sha Shi
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, 258 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, 168 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| | - Minjie Li
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, 258 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| | - Monika Mortimer
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, 168 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, 258 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| | - Wendi Fang
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, 168 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, 258 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| | - Fangfang Li
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, 168 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, 258 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| | - Liang-Hong Guo
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, 168 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, 258 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
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11
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Feng Y, Wu J, Lei R, Zhang Y, Qiao M, Zhou J, Xu Z, Li Z, Sun H, Peng X, Mei S. N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine Ameliorates BPAF-Induced Porcine Sertoli Cell Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest via Inhibiting the ROS Level. TOXICS 2023; 11:923. [PMID: 37999575 PMCID: PMC10675769 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11110923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol AF (BPAF) is a newly identified contaminant in the environment that has been linked to impairment of the male reproductive system. However, only a few studies have systematically studied the mechanisms underlying BPAF-induced toxicity in testicular Sertoli cells. Hence, this study primarily aims to explore the toxic mechanism of BPAF on the porcine Sertoli cell line (ST cells). The effects of various concentrations of BPAF on ST cell viability and cytotoxicity were evaluated using the Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The results demonstrated that exposure to a high concentration of BPAF (above 50 μM) significantly inhibited ST cell viability due to marked cytotoxicity. Flow cytometry analysis further confirmed that BPAF facilitated apoptosis and induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Moreover, BPAF exposure upregulated the expression of pro-apoptotic markers BAD and BAX while downregulating anti-apoptotic and cell proliferation markers BCL-2, PCNA, CDK2, and CDK4. BPAF exposure also resulted in elevated intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), alongside reduced activities of the antioxidants glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Furthermore, the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) effectively blocked BPAF-triggered apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Therefore, this study suggests that BPAF induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in ST cells by activating ROS-mediated pathways. These findings enhance our understanding of BPAF's role in male reproductive toxicity and provide a foundation for future toxicological assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Feng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (M.Q.); (J.Z.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Junjing Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (M.Q.); (J.Z.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Runyu Lei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (M.Q.); (J.Z.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (H.S.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (M.Q.); (J.Z.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Mu Qiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (M.Q.); (J.Z.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (M.Q.); (J.Z.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Zhong Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (M.Q.); (J.Z.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Zipeng Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (M.Q.); (J.Z.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Hua Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (M.Q.); (J.Z.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Xianwen Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (M.Q.); (J.Z.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Shuqi Mei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (M.Q.); (J.Z.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (H.S.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
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12
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Hou Y, Liu X, Qin Y, Hou Y, Hou J, Wu Q, Xu W. Zebrafish as model organisms for toxicological evaluations in the field of food science. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:3481-3505. [PMID: 37458294 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Food safety has long been an area of concern. The selection of stable and efficient model organisms is particularly important for food toxicology studies. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are small model vertebrates, and 70% of human genes have at least one zebrafish ortholog. Zebrafish have advantages as model organisms due to their short life cycle, strong reproductive ability, easy rearing, and low cost. Zebrafish embryos have the advantage of being sensitive to the breeding environment and thus have been used as biosensors. Zebrafish and their embryos have been widely used for food toxicology assessments. This review provides a systematic and comprehensive summary of food toxicology studies using zebrafish as model organisms. First, we briefly introduce the multidimensional mechanisms and structure-activity relationship studies of food toxicological assessment. Second, we categorize these studies according to eight types of hazards in foods, including mycotoxins, pesticides, antibiotics, heavy metals, endocrine disruptors, food additives, nanoparticles, and other food-related ingredients. Finally, we list the applications of zebrafish in food toxicology studies in line with future research prospects, aiming to provide a valuable reference for researchers in the field of food science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Xixia Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Yanlin Qin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Yaoyao Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Jianjun Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Qin Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Wentao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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13
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Lu X, He Y, Liu Y, Wang XP, Xue YL, Zheng ZY, Duan SY, Kong HL, Zhang RZ, Huang JL, Deng J, Duan P. Intergenerational toxic effects of parental exposure to [C n mim]NO 3 (n = 2,4,6) on nervous and skeletal development in zebrafish offspring. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2204-2218. [PMID: 37300850 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are thought to have negative effects on human health. Researchers have explored the effects of ILs on zebrafish development during the early stages, but the intergenerational toxicity of ILs on zebrafish development has rarely been reported. Herein, parental zebrafish were exposed to different concentrations (0, 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/L) of [Cn mim]NO3 (n = 2, 4, 6) for 1 week. Subsequently, the F1 offspring were cultured in clean water for 96 h. [Cn mim]NO3 (n = 2, 4, 6) exposure inhibited spermatogenesis and oogenesis in F0 adults, even causing obvious lacunae in the testis and atretic follicle oocytes in ovary. After parental exposure to [Cn mim]NO3 (n = 2, 4, 6), the body length and locomotor behavior were measured in F1 larvae at 96 hours post-fertilization (hpf). The results showed that the higher the concentration of [Cn mim]NO3 (n = 2, 4, 6), the shorter the body length and swimming distance, and the longer the immobility time. Besides, a longer alkyl chain length of [Cn mim]NO3 had a more negative effect on body length and locomotor behavior. RNA-seq analysis revealed several downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs)-grin1b, prss1, gria3a, and gria4a-enriched in neurodevelopment-related pathways, particularly the pathway for neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. Moreover, several upregulated DEGs, namely col1a1a, col1a1b, and acta2, were mainly associated with skeletal development. Expression of DEGs was tested by RT-qPCR, and the outcomes were consistent with those obtained from RNA-Seq. We provide evidence showing the effects of parental exposure to ILs on the regulation of nervous and skeletal development in F1 offspring, demonstrating intergenerational effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases of Xiangyang City, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Yan He
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases of Xiangyang City, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
- Postgraduate Union training base of Jinzhou Medical University, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases of Xiangyang City, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
- Postgraduate Union training base of Jinzhou Medical University, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Xin-Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases of Xiangyang City, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Yu-Ling Xue
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases of Xiangyang City, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
- Postgraduate Union training base of Jinzhou Medical University, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Zi-Yi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases of Xiangyang City, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Su-Yang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases of Xiangyang City, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Hong-Liang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases of Xiangyang City, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Rong-Zhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases of Xiangyang City, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jiao-Long Huang
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases of Xiangyang City, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jie Deng
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases of Xiangyang City, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Peng Duan
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases of Xiangyang City, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, China
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García-Recio E, Costela-Ruiz VJ, Melguizo-Rodríguez L, Ramos-Torrecillas J, Illescas-Montes R, De Luna-Bertos E, Ruiz C. Effects of bisphenol F, bisphenol S, and bisphenol AF on cultured human osteoblasts. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:1899-1905. [PMID: 37198449 PMCID: PMC10256648 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03523-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) analogs, like BPA, could have adverse effects on human health including bone health. The aim was to determine the effect of BPF, BPS and BPAF on the growth and differentiation of cultured human osteoblasts. Osteoblasts primary culture from bone chips harvested during routine dental work and treated with BPF, BPS, or BPAF for 24 h at doses of 10-5, 10-6, and 10-7 M. Next, cell proliferation was studied, apoptosis induction, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. In addition, mineralization was evaluated at 7, 14, and 21 days of cell culture in an osteogenic medium supplemented with BP analog at the studied doses. BPS treatment inhibited proliferation in a dose-dependent manner at all three doses by inducing apoptosis; BPF exerted a significant inhibitory effect on cell proliferation at the highest dose alone by an increase of apoptosis; while BPAF had no effect on proliferation or cell viability. Cell differentiation was adversely affected by treatment with BPA analogs in a dose-dependent, observing a reduction in calcium nodule formation at 21 days. According to the results obtained, these BPA analogs could potentially pose a threat to bone health, depending on their concentration in the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- E García-Recio
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Ilustración 60, 18016, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Biosanitary Research, ibs.Granada, Avda. de Madrid, 15 Pabellón de Consultas Externas, 2ª Planta, 18012, Granada, Spain
| | - V J Costela-Ruiz
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Ilustración 60, 18016, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Biosanitary Research, ibs.Granada, Avda. de Madrid, 15 Pabellón de Consultas Externas, 2ª Planta, 18012, Granada, Spain
| | - L Melguizo-Rodríguez
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Ilustración 60, 18016, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Biosanitary Research, ibs.Granada, Avda. de Madrid, 15 Pabellón de Consultas Externas, 2ª Planta, 18012, Granada, Spain
| | - J Ramos-Torrecillas
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Ilustración 60, 18016, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Biosanitary Research, ibs.Granada, Avda. de Madrid, 15 Pabellón de Consultas Externas, 2ª Planta, 18012, Granada, Spain
| | - R Illescas-Montes
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Ilustración 60, 18016, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Biosanitary Research, ibs.Granada, Avda. de Madrid, 15 Pabellón de Consultas Externas, 2ª Planta, 18012, Granada, Spain
| | - E De Luna-Bertos
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Ilustración 60, 18016, Granada, Spain.
- Institute of Biosanitary Research, ibs.Granada, Avda. de Madrid, 15 Pabellón de Consultas Externas, 2ª Planta, 18012, Granada, Spain.
| | - C Ruiz
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Ilustración 60, 18016, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Biosanitary Research, ibs.Granada, Avda. de Madrid, 15 Pabellón de Consultas Externas, 2ª Planta, 18012, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain
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Huang Z, Gao J, Chen Y, Huan Z, Liu Y, Zhou T, Dong Z. Toxic effects of bisphenol AF on the embryonic development of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:1445-1454. [PMID: 36929865 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol AF (BPAF), an emerging environmental endocrine disruptor, has been detected in surface waters worldwide and has adverse effects on aquatic organisms. The accumulation of BPAF in oceans and its potential toxic effect on marine organisms are important concerns. In this study, the effects of BPAF (10, 100, 1, and 5 mg/L) on marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) were evaluated, including effects on the survival rate, heart rate, hatchability, morphology, and gene expression in embryos. The survival rate of marine medaka embryos was significantly lower after treatment with 5 mg/L BPAF than in the solvent control group. Exposure to 1 mg/L and 5 mg/L BPAF significantly reduced hatchability. Low-dose BPAF (10 μg/L) significantly accelerated the heart rate of embryos, while high-dose BPAF (5 mg/L) significantly decreased the heart rate. BPAF exposure also resulted in notochord curvature, pericardial edema, yolk sac cysts, cardiovascular bleeding, and caudal curvature in marine medaka. At the molecular level, BPAF exposure affected the transcript levels of genes involved in the thyroid system (dio1, dio3a, trhr2, tg, and thra), cardiovascular system (gata4, atp2a1, and cacna1da), nervous system (elavl3 and gap43), and antioxidant and inflammatory systems (sod, pparβ, and il-8) in embryos. These results indicate that BPAF exposure can alter the expression of functional genes, induce abnormal development, and reduce the hatching and survival rates in marine medaka embryos. Overall, BPAF can adversely affect the survival and development of marine medaka embryos, and BPAF may not be an ideal substitute for BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jiahao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuebi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhang Huan
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Tianyang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhongdian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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Chen M, Lv C, Zhang S, Tse LA, Hong X, Liu X, Ding Y, Xiao P, Tian Y, Gao Y. Bisphenol A substitutes and childhood obesity at 7 years: a cross-sectional study in Shandong, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27578-x. [PMID: 37188933 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27578-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) substitutes, such as bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol AF (BPAF), are increasingly used due to restrictions on BPA usage, a known endocrine disrupting chemical and putative obesogen. However, little is known about the obesogenic effects of exposure to BPA substitutes in children. A total of 426 children aged 7 years old originally recruited from Laizhou Wan Birth Cohort in Shandong, China, during 2010-2013 participated in the 2019-2020 survey. Urinary BPA and its substitutes including BPS, BPAF, bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol AP (BPAP), bisphenol Z (BPZ), and bisphenol P (BPP) were determined. Anthropometric measures including height, weight, waist circumference, and body fat percentage were assessed, and overweight/obesity was defined as BMI z-score ≥ 85th percentile. Linear and logistic regressions were used on continuous and binary obesity measures, respectively, and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression was further used to estimate the mixture effects of exposure to diverse bisphenols, and sex-stratified analysis was performed. BPA substitutes were widely detected (> 75%) in children's urine samples. A positive association with obesity measures was consistently observed for urinary BPS and BPAF, i.e., BMI z-score, waist circumference, and overweight/obesity. Further analysis from the WQS regression model demonstrated a positive association between bisphenol mixtures and all measures of obesity, with BPAF contributing the greatest weighing to the observed associations. Sex difference might exist as the positive associations were only significant in boys. No significant association was found between obesity and BPA or other BPA substitutes. Our study adds to mounting evidence that BPA substitutes BPS and BPAF are linked to obesity in children, especially in boys. Further longitudinal studies with larger sample size with continued biomonitoring these chemicals and their obesogenic effects are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyan Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shanyu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Lap Ah Tse
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinyu Hong
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention/State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention/State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention/State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention/State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Tian
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Yamamoto M, Kanazawa N, Nomura M, Horie Y, Okamura H. Bisphenol A alters sexual dimorphism and gene expression in marine medaka Oryzias melastigma. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:25691-25700. [PMID: 36346516 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23863-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor that is present in freshwater and marine environments. However, conclusive evidence for the toxicity of chronic BPA exposure to marine fishes remains lacking. Therefore, we investigated the influence of BPA on male marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). BPA exposure induced formation of testis-ova at 2610 µg/L, and male-type anal fins became more female type in a concentration-dependent manner. Some males with female-type anal fins had normal testes, indicating that anal fin shape is more sensitive to BPA. Gonadal soma-derived factor (gsdf) expression decreased after BPA exposure in the 746 and 2610 µg/L exposure groups, although the changes were not statistically significant. Additionally, liver vitellogenin (vtg) expression increased in a dose-dependent manner and was significantly higher in all exposure groups. vtg and gsdf are likely to be useful biomarkers for the impact of estrogenic endocrine disrupters in O. melastigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsushi Yamamoto
- Division of Ocean Safety Systems Science, Faculty of Maritime Sciences, Kobe University, 5-1-1 Fukaeminami, Higashinada, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kanazawa
- Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, 241-438 Kaidobata-Nishi, Nakano Shimoshinjo, Akita, 010-0195, Japan
| | - Miho Nomura
- Graduate School of Maritime Science, Kobe University, Fukaeminami-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Horie
- Research Center for Inland Sea (KURCIS), Kobe University, 5-1-1 Fukaeminami, Higashinada, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan.
| | - Hideo Okamura
- Research Center for Inland Sea (KURCIS), Kobe University, 5-1-1 Fukaeminami, Higashinada, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan
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Shi X, Wu R, Wang X, Huang W, Zheng S, Zhang Q, Peng J, Tan W, Wu K. Effects of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) on reproductive and endocrine function in female zebrafish (Danio rerio). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 248:114326. [PMID: 36435001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), a group of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), were reported exist extensively in various ecological environmental. Studies have indicated that PBDEs induce reproductive toxic effects on human health, but the mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, the adult female zebrafish were used to investigate the effects of 2, 2', 4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) on the reproductive endocrine system and its mechanism. METHODS Female zebrafish (AB strains) were continuously exposed to BDE-47 at the concentrations of 0, 10, 50, 100 and 500 µg/L till 21 days. The morphology of ovary were stained and evaluated with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), and levels of sex hormones including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T) and 17β-estradiol (E2) and the biomarkers of oxidative stress such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA), were measured via ELISA. Subsequently, the expression of genes along the hypothalamic pituitary-gonad (HPG) and oxidative stress were determined using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULT The results showed that exposure to high level of BDE-47 reduced the index of condition factor (CF) and gonadosomatic index (GSI). Treatment with BDE-47 impaired the normal development and structure of oocytes in zebrafish ovary. Moreover, the steroid hormone of FSH, LH, T and E2 were significantly decreased in BDE-47 exposure group. A dose-dependent elevation in SOD activity and MDA levels were recorded. Meanwhile, the transcription level of cyp19a, cyp19b, fshβ, lhβ were up-regulated while the transcription of fshr, lhr, cyp17a, 17βhsd were down-regulated in the gonad of female adult zebrafish. CONCLUSION Exposure to BDE-47 have detrimental impact on the development of ovary, decreasing sex hormone levels, inducing oxidative damage as well as altering HPG axis-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Shi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruotong Wu
- School ofLife Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenlong Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Shukai Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiajun Peng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Kusheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
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ETYEMEZ M, GÜLAY MŞ. The effects of safranal against bisphenol AF on some reproductive parameters in male new zealand rabbits. MEHMET AKIF ERSOY ÜNIVERSITESI VETERINER FAKÜLTESI DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.24880/maeuvfd.1138340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol AF (BPAF) is used as an analog of the endocrine disruptor BPA, whereas safranal is a powerful antioxidant obtained from the saffron plant. In the current study, the possible effects of BPAF and Safranal on some spermatological parameters, reproductive hormones, oxidant/antioxidant enzymes, and histopathological parameters were investigated. A total of 24 male New Zealand rabbits were divided into 4 groups (n= 6 for each group). The groups and the treatments they received by oral gavage for 9 weeks are as follows: The control group received 1 ml/day of corn oil, the BPAF group received 20 mg/kg/day of bisphenol AF, the Safranal group received 100 mg/kg/day safranal, and the treatment group received 20 mg/kg/day bisphenol AF and 100 mg/kg/day safranal. Although the spermatological parameters prior to the experiment revealed no differences among the groups, BPAF treatment reduced sperm quantity and motility, and elevated seminal plasma estrogen levels at the end of the study. BPAF treatments also had a negative impact on testicular MDA and GSH levels. It also caused seminiferous tubule degeneration in testicular tissue. On the other hand, the administration of safranal with BPAF decreased estrogen levels while increasing sperm concentration and motility to control group levels. Thus, the results suggested that safranal could have a beneficial effect in reducing BPAF-induced tissue damage. In conclusion, BPAF may have potentially harmful to the male reproductive system and safranal may exhibit a protective effect against BPAF exposure.
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Li Y, Qi J, Shen Y, Shen J, Li L, Kang J, Yan P, Wang B, Zhu X, Zhao S, Chen Z. Activation of peroxymonosulfate by palygorskite-mediated cobalt-copper-ferrite nanoparticles for bisphenol S degradation: Influencing factors, pathways and toxicity evaluation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136264. [PMID: 36064014 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based advanced oxidation process is considered a potential technology for water treatment. Here, palygorskite (PAL)-mediated cobalt-copper-ferrite nanoparticles (16%-CoCu0.4Fe1·6O4@PAL, donated as 16%-CCFO@PAL) were employed for PMS activation to remove bisphenol S (BPS). BPS degradation was greater than 99% under the optimal conditions within 25 min, on which the effects of various influencing factors were explored. The adsorption dissociation energy of PMS over 16%-CCFO@PAL was -6.27 eV, which was lower than that of the Cu-free catalyst (-6.15 eV), demonstrating the excellent catalytic ability of 16%-CCFO@PAL. The efficient catalytic ability of 16%-CCFO@PAL was also verified in real water samples. The oxidation intermediates were identified and their generations were systematically analyzed by DFT calculations. The possible degradation pathways of BPS were proposed and the toxicity of products was predicted. BPS affected the normal development of zebrafish embryos and the levels of sex hormone in adult male zebrafish, and was harmful to the tissues, such as testis, liver, and intestine of zebrafish. The 16%-CCFO@PAL/PMS process can effectively reduce the toxicity of BPS-polluted water. This study paves the way for the real application of 16%-CCFO@PAL/PMS oxidation process and provides a new perspective for the evaluation of water toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Jingyao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Yang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Jimin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China; School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, PR China
| | - Jing Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Pengwei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Binyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Xinwei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Shengxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Zhonglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
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Chen Y, Chen X, Li X, Liu Y, Guo Y, Wang Z, Dong Z. Effects of bisphenol AF on growth, behavior, histology and gene expression in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136424. [PMID: 36116629 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol AF (BPAF) is one of the substitutes for bisphenol A (BPA), which has endocrine-disrupting, reproductive and neurological toxicity. BPAF has frequently been detected in the aquatic environment, which has been a long-term threat to the health of aquatic organisms. In this study, female marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) were exposed to 6.7 μg/L, 73.4 μg/L, and 367.0 μg/L BPAF for 120 d. The effects of BPAF on behavior, growth, liver and ovarian histology, gene transcriptional profiles, and reproduction of marine medaka were determined. The results showed that with the increase of BPAF concentration, the swimming speed of female marine medaka showed an increasing trend and then decreasing trend. BPAF (367.0 μg/L) significantly increased body weight and condition factors in females. BPAF (73.4 μg/L and 367.0 μg/L) significantly delayed oocyte maturation. Exposure to 367.0 μg/L BPAF showed an increasing trend in the transcript levels of lipid synthesis and transport-related genes such as fatty acid synthase (fasn), sterol regulatory element binding protein (srebf), diacylglycerol acyltransferase (dgat), solute carrier family 27 member 4 (slc27a4), fatty acid-binding protein (fabp), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (pparγ) in the liver. In addition, 6.7 μg/L BPAF significantly down-regulated the expression levels of antioxidant-related genes [superoxide dismutase (sod), glutathione peroxidase (gpx), and catalase (cat)], and complement system-related genes [complement component 5 (c5), complement component 7a (c7a), mannan-binding lectin serine peptidase 1 (masp1), and tumor necrosis factor (tnf)] were significantly up-regulated in the 73.4 and 367.0 μg/L groups, which implies the effect of BPAF on the immune system in the liver. In the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis (HPG) results, the transcription levels of estrogen receptor α (erα), estrogen receptor β (erβ), androgen receptor (arα), gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 (gnrh2), cytochrome P450 19b (cyp19b), aromatase (cyp19a), and luteinizing hormone receptor (lhr) in the brain and ovary, and vitellogenin (vtg) and choriogenin (chg) in the liver of 367.0 μg/L BPAF group showed a downward trend. In addition, exposure to 367.0 μg/L BPAF for 120 d inhibited the spawning behavior of marine medaka. Our results showed that long-term BPAF treatment influenced growth (body weight and condition factors), lipid metabolism, and ovarian maturation, and significantly altered the immune response and the transcriptional expression levels of HPG axis-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuebi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaotian Chen
- Center for Industrial Analysis and Testing, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Xueyou Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yusong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhongduo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; State Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University School, Changsha, China
| | - Zhongdian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in the South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
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Individual and Combined Effect of Bisphenol A and Bisphenol AF on Prostate Cell Proliferation through NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012283. [PMID: 36293141 PMCID: PMC9602908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitous environmental endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) can induce prostatic dysfunction. However, to date, studies have focused little on the perturbations of prostate health initiated by the BPA derivative bisphenol AF (BPAF) and co-exposure to bisphenol compounds. An in vivo study orally administrated male rats with BPA (10, 90 μg/kg), BPAF (10, 90 μg/kg) and the inhibitor of nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB), pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC, 100 mg/kg). Based on the anatomical analysis, pathological observations and PCNA over-expression, we considered that low-dose BPA and BPAF facilitated ventral prostatic hyperplasia in rats. The results of IHC and ELISA mirrored the regulation of NF-κB p65, COX-2, TNF-α and EGFR in BPA- and BPAF-induced prostatic toxicity. An in vitro study found that the additive effect of combined exposure to BPA (10 nM) and BPAF (10 nM) could cause an elevation in the proliferation of and a reduction in the apoptosis level of human prostate stromal cells (WPMY-1) and fibroblasts (HPrF). Meanwhile, the underlying biomarkers of the NF-κB signaling pathway also involved the abnormal proliferative progression of prostate cells. The findings recapitulated the induction of BPAF exposure and co-treatment with BPA and BPAF on prostatic hyperplasia and emphasized the modulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Özkan-Kotiloğlu S, Arslan P, Akca G, Günal AÇ. Are BPA-free plastics safe for aquatic life? - Fluorene-9-bisphenol induced thyroid-disrupting effects and histopathological alterations in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 260:109419. [PMID: 35902060 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Fluorene-9-bisphenol (BPFL) is used as an alternative compound for bisphenol A, an endocrine disruptor compound which is present in various materials including plastic bottles and packaging. Although it is used extensively in products that are labelled BPA-free, its effect on wildlife and humans have not been fully studied. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of BPFL in adult zebrafish. In the preliminary experiments of the study, the median lethal concentration value (LC50) of BPFL was 0.25 mg/L (95 % confidence interval 0.15-0.41) for 96 h. Following exposure to three different sublethal concentrations of BPFL after 96 h and 15 days, T4 hormone levels, expression levels of genes involved in thyroid metabolism and histopathological alterations were assessed. T4 hormone levels were found to be significantly higher in females at the lowest BPFL concentration following 96 h exposure (P < 0.05). Expression levels of trh, tshba and trhrb genes were upregulated following 96 h exposure at 0.025 mg/L concentration and crh was upregulated following 15 days exposure at 0.025 mg/L concentration in female zebrafish (P < 0.05). The most prominent histopathological findings in zebrafish exposed to 0.025 and 0.125 mg/L of BPFL were observed in the gill, liver, kidney and testis tissues. The gill tissues showed some hyperemia, lamellar fusion, hyperplasia, epithelial lifting, and telangiectasis, while passive hyperemia, hydropic degeneration, and necrosis were observed in the liver tissues. The BPFL is highly toxic to zebrafish even in sublethal concentrations according to the molecular and histopathological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Özkan-Kotiloğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Art, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey.
| | - Pınar Arslan
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey
| | - Gülçin Akca
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysel Çağlan Günal
- Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Gazi Education, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Li Y, Qi J, Shen J, Wang B, Kang J, Yan P, Cheng Y, Li L, Shen L, Chen Z. Non-radical dominated degradation of bisphenol S by peroxymonosulfate activation under high salinity condition: Overlooked HOCl, formation of intermediates, and toxicity assessment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 435:128968. [PMID: 35487000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extensive studies revealed that Cl- could inhibit the removal of targeted pollutants under low Cl- conditions in the peroxymonosulfate (PMS) system. However, the enhanced effect of Cl- has always been overlooked under high Cl- conditions. Here, we find that high concentration of Cl- played a critical role in bisphenol S (BPS) degradation by activating PMS using 16%-CoFe2O4@PAL (16%-CFO@PAL). The removal of BPS was sharply enhanced after introducing 0.5 and 1.0 M Cl-, and the corresponding kobs increased to 0.922 min-1 and 1.103 min-1, which was 6-fold and 7-fold higher than the control (0.144 min-1), respectively. HOCl was demonstrated as the dominant species for removing BPS in 16%-CFO@PAL/PMS system under high Cl- circumstances. The typical chlorinated BPS intermediates were identified, which showed higher eco-toxicity than BPS. The chlorinated byproducts along with their toxicity could be effectively eliminated after 30 min. The possible formation mechanism of chlorinated products was further revealed by theoretical calculations. Toxicity assessment experiments showed that BPS significantly affected hormone levels of zebrafish and showed toxicity on the testis and liver of zebrafish, which could be reduced using 16%-CFO@PAL/PMS system. This study attracts attention to the overlooked HOCl in PMS-based processes under high salinity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Jingyao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Jimin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Binyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Jing Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Pengwei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Yizhen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, PR China
| | - Linlu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Zhonglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
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Iuele H, Bucciarelli A, Ling N. Novel hyphenation of DGT in-situ passive sampling with YES assay to ascertain the potency of emerging endocrine disruptors in water systems in New Zealand. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 219:118567. [PMID: 35580392 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study represents the first attempt to investigate selected estrogenic compounds that include 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2), 17β-estradiol (E2) bisphenol A (BPA), and bisphenol AF (BPAF) along the drinkable water, from river-to-tap, and wastewater, from effluent-to-treated wastewater, treatment processes of the Hamilton City Council and the monitoring of the freshwater, from source-to-outfall, of the Waikato River in New Zealand. This was accomplished by the adoption of a novel combination of diffusive gradients in thin films (DGTs) in-situ passive sampling coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis (HPLC/MS) and the Yeast Estrogen Screen (YES). Estradiol equivalency quantities, integrated in time, were evaluated theoretically (cEEQ) by DGT-HPLC/MS and experimentally (EEQ) by DGT-YES assay. cEEQ and EEQ highlighted that primary treatments are not suitable for estrogens and bisphenolic plastics removal both at drinkable and wastewater treatment plants in Hamilton where they worsen the water quality in terms of estrogenicity making these pollutants more available in the water phase. All downstream sites monitored along the Waikato River showed higher cEEQ and EEQ, moreover the Waikato River water quality showed a moderate worsening moving from Taupo (source) to Tuakau (outfall). The most polluted sites were downstream of Hamilton city and Huntly township wastewater treatment plants that serve the main conurbations in the area. cEEQ and EEQ generally showed good agreement at low concentrations but differed substantially at more polluted sites where cEEQ consistently underestimated estrogenic potency, possibly due to DGT accumulation of estrogenic compounds not quantified by HPLC/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Iuele
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), Lecce 73100, Italy; School of Science, Science and Engineering, University of Waikato, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand.
| | - Alessio Bucciarelli
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Nicholas Ling
- School of Science, Science and Engineering, University of Waikato, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
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Sharin T, Crump D, O'Brien JM. Toxicity screening of bisphenol A replacement compounds: cytotoxicity and mRNA expression in LMH 3D spheroids. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:44769-44778. [PMID: 35138540 PMCID: PMC9200673 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18812-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we showed that the chicken LMH cell line cultured as 3D spheroids may be a suitable animal free alternative to primary chicken embryonic hepatocytes (CEH) for avian in vitro chemical screening. In this study, cytotoxicity and mRNA expression were determined in LMH 3D spheroids following exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), five BPA replacement compounds (BPF, TGSH, DD-70, BPAF, BPSIP), and 17β estradiol (E2). Results were compared to an earlier study that evaluated the same endpoints for these chemicals in CEH. BPA and the replacement compounds had LC50 values ranging from 16.6 to 81.8 μM; DD-70 and BPAF were the most cytotoxic replacements (LC50 = 17.23 ± 4.51 and 16.6 ± 4.78 μM). TGSH and DD-70 modulated the greatest number of genes, although fewer than observed in CEH. Based on the expression of apovitellenin and vitellogenin, BPAF was the most estrogenic compound followed by BPF, BPSIP, and BPA. More estrogen-responsive genes were modulated in LMH spheroids compared to CEH. Concentration-dependent gene expression revealed that DD-70 and BPAF altered genes related to lipid and bile acid regulation. Overall, cytotoxicity and clustering of replacements based on gene expression profiles were similar between LMH spheroids and CEH. In addition to generating novel gene expression data for five BPA replacement compounds in an in vitro avian model, this research demonstrates that LMH spheroids may represent a useful animal free alternative for avian toxicity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasnia Sharin
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Doug Crump
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Jason M O'Brien
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
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Gao Y, Li A, Zhang W, Pang S, Liang Y, Song M. Assessing the toxicity of bisphenol A and its six alternatives on zebrafish embryo/larvae. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 246:106154. [PMID: 35390582 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) analogues are gradually replacing BPA in the plastics industry. Whether these alternatives are indeed safer than BPA itself, however, remains unclear. Here, we studied the toxicity of BPA and six of its alternatives-BPB, BPC, BPE, BPF, BPAF, and BPAP-using zebrafish embryos/larvae. According to their half lethal concentration (LC50) values, the acute toxicity of BPA and six alternative bisphenols to zebrafish embryos, from highest to lowest, was BPAP ≈ BPAF > BPC > BPB > BPA > BPE > BPF. Under nonlethal concentrations, the tested bisphenols had different toxic effects on development in terms of reducing the hatching rate, frequency of spontaneous movements, and heart rate in the embryo, as well as inducing yolk sac edema, pericardial edema, and spinal deformation in the larvae. The estrogenic activity of BPE, BPF, and BPAF was higher than that of BPA, as shown by vtg1 expression assays. Moreover, BPA and its alternatives increased SOD activity and cell apoptosis in embryos/larvae under nonlethal concentrations. Our findings indicate that BPA alternatives may not be safer than BPA in zebrafish, and that these BPA alternatives should be applied with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Aijing Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Shaochen Pang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Yong Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Maoyong Song
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Sutha J, Anila PA, Gayathri M, Ramesh M. Long term exposure to tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) causes alterations in reproductive hormones, vitellogenin, antioxidant enzymes, and histology of gonads in zebrafish (Danio rerio): In vivo and computational analysis. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 254:109263. [PMID: 35032655 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In aquatic milieus, tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) was detected as an emerging environmental contaminant. In this study, in vivo experiment and in-silico docking was integrated systematically to explore the toxic mechanisms of TCEP using zebrafish (Danio rerio). Fish (mean weight of 0.24 ± 0.02 g) were exposed to 100 and 1500 μg L-1 concentrations of TCEP for 28 days under the static renewal method. During chronic exposure, plasma steroid hormones such as testosterone (T) and 17β estradiol (E2), plasma vitellogenin (Vtg) and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in gonads were significantly (P < 0.05) altered in TCEP exposed group (1500 μg L-1) compared to the control group. However, the alterations of these parameters were not significant on the 14th day (except Vtg and GR in testis) in 100 μg L-1 of TCEP exposed groups. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the growth parameters comparing TCEP exposed groups with the control group. The gonads of fish exposed to TCEP showed significant histopathological changes when compared to the control groups. A docking study observed that TCEP possessed binding affinity with the estrogen receptor (ERβ) and androgen receptor (AR). These data indicate that TCEP at tested concentrations adversely affects the aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesudass Sutha
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pottanthara Ashokan Anila
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugesh Gayathri
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mathan Ramesh
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Roy B, Basak R, Rai U. Impact of xenoestrogens on sex differentiation and reproduction in teleosts. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Lu J, Wu J, Gong L, Cheng Y, Yuan Q, He Y. Combined toxicity of polystyrene microplastics and sulfamethoxazole on zebrafish embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:19273-19282. [PMID: 34714475 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17198-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive investigation on the toxicity of microplastics (MPs), an emerging global concern, little is known about the combined toxicity of MPs and co-occurring pollutants in aquatic environments. In this study, the combined toxicity of polystyrene MPs and sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) antibiotics was explored in zebrafish embryos in terms of the developmental, physiological, and endocrine toxicities. Exposure to PS and SMZ induced mortality (rate: 25.0 ± 7.5%) and malformation (rate: 20~35%) at multiple regions and stages of zebrafish development. Physiological toxicity was also induced as shown by the significant decrease in fetal movement (by 31.1~37.0%) and swimming frequency (by 26.9~36.8%) and the increase in heartbeat rate (by 19.0~20.9%). Finally, PS and SMZ exposure also induced extensive endocrine toxicities in zebrafish as confirmed by increases in various biomarkers including vitellogenin, 17β-estradiol, testosterone, and triiodothyronine. The combination index showed that antagonistic effects were present between PS and SMZ toxicity, which slightly decreased their combined toxicity. This study aims to further understand the combined toxicity of MPs and co-occurring pollutants in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Nanjing Foreign Language School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jie Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Lulin Gong
- Nanjing Foreign Language School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Qingbin Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Yide He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
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Zhang C, Wu XC, Li S, Dou LJ, Zhou L, Wang FH, Ma K, Huang D, Pan Y, Gu JJ, Cao JY, Wang H, Hao JH. Perinatal low-dose bisphenol AF exposure impairs synaptic plasticity and cognitive function of adult offspring in a sex-dependent manner. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 788:147918. [PMID: 34134381 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol AF (BPAF), a kind of the ideal substitutes of Bisphenol A (BPA), has frequently been detected in environmental media and biological samples. Numerous studies have focused on the reproductive toxicity, cardiotoxicity and endocrine disrupting toxicity of BPAF. However, little evidence is available on neurodevelopmental toxicity of BPAF. Here, our study is to evaluate the effect of perinatal BPAF exposure (0, 0.34, 3.4 and 34 mg/kg body weight/day, correspond to Ctrl, low-, medium- and high-dose groups) on the cognitive function of adult mouse offspring. This study firstly found that perinatal BPAF exposure caused cognitive impairments of mouse offspring, in which male offspring was more sensitive than female offspring in low- and medium-dose BPAF groups. Furthermore, the dendritic arborization and complexity of hippocampal CA1 and DG neurons in male offspring were impaired in all BPAF groups, and these effects were only found in high-dose BPAF group for female offspring. The damage of BPAF to dendritic spines, and the structural basis of learning and memory, was found in male offspring but not in females. Correspondingly, perinatal BPAF exposure significantly downregulated the expressions of hippocampal PSD-95 and Synapsin-1 proteins, and male offspring was more vulnerable than female offspring. Meanwhile, we explored the alteration of hippocampal estrogen receptors (ERs) to explain the sex specific impairment of cognitive function in low- and medium-dose BPAF groups. The results showed that perinatal BPAF exposure significantly decreased the expression of ERα in male offspring in a dose-dependent manner, but not in female offspring. In addition, we found that perinatal BPAF exposure can disordered the balance of oxidation and antioxidation in hippocampus of male offspring. In summary, perinatal low-dose bisphenol AF exposure impairs synaptic plasticity and cognitive function of adult offspring in a sex-dependent manner. The present results provide a pierce of potential mechanism of BPAF-caused neurodevelopmental toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao-Chang Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Lian-Jie Dou
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Feng-Hui Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Pan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ji-Jun Gu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ji-Yu Cao
- Teaching Center for Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Jia-Hu Hao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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Chen S, Li X, Li H, Yuan S, Li J, Liu C. Greater toxic potency of bisphenol AF than bisphenol A in growth, reproduction, and transcription of genes in Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:25218-25227. [PMID: 33452643 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12153-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Limited studies were performed to evaluate the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol AF (BPAF) in low-trophic-level animals, such as Daphnia magna (D. magna). In this study, a 21-day standard reproductive toxicity test was carried out to assess the effects of the 2 bisphenols on development, reproduction, and transcription of genes in D. magna. The results demonstrated that only exposure to 5000 nM BPA significantly decreased the survival rate, while significant alternations were observed after exposure to 50, 500, or 5000 nM BPAF. Both the molting numbers of per female and body length of F0 generation were decreased after exposure to 500 nM BPAF, while no obvious effects were observed after treatment with lower concentrations of BPAF and BPA. Increased fecundity but decreased body length and swimming speed of F1 generation were observed after exposure to 5000 nM BPA or 500 nM BPAF. In addition, the results of the qRT-PCR showed the expressions of cyp314, ecra, ecrb, usp, vtg1, and vtg2 were significantly inhibited after exposure to 5000 nM BPA, while the expressions of cyp18a1 and vmo1 were obviously upregulated after exposure to 500 nM BPAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Chen
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Han Li
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Siliang Yuan
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jun Li
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chunsheng Liu
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Elution study of acrylic monomers from orthodontic materials using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). J Orofac Orthop 2021; 83:34-47. [PMID: 33852039 PMCID: PMC8766367 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-021-00292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Main goal of the study was the identification and quantitative analysis of monomer elution from materials commonly used in fixed orthodontic therapy. Studies have shown severe health effects of monomers including cytotoxic, allergenic or mutagenic potential and endocrine changes. This in vitro study focusses primarily on five resins which are usually processed intraorally and remain in the oral cavity long-term. Methods We tested the elution of monomers from specimens (7.5 mm × 1.5 mm) immersed in artificial saliva at body temperature (37 °C) for 30 min to 5 weeks. The used method is in accordance with DIN EN ISO 10993-13. The five tested materials were BrackFix® (Voco GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany), Triad®Gel (DeguDent GmbH, Hanau, Germany), and Transbond™ XT, LR and Plus (3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA). All aliquots were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Data were statistically analyzed. Results All five analyzed materials eluted substances over a period of 5 weeks. Identified substances included bisphenol A (BPA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA). BPA eluted from Transbond™ Plus, XT, LR and BrackFix®. The cumulated mean values after 35 days ranged from 16.04 to 64.83 ppm, depending on the material. TEGDMA eluted with a mean of 688.61 ppm from Transbond™ LR. UDMA with a mean of 1682.00 ppm from Triad®Gel. For each material the highest concentrations of all these substances were found in the first elution period. Other substances that were not equivocally identified or of low concentration also eluted. Conclusion Using the described method, it is possible to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the in vitro elution of monomers from orthodontic materials. The concentrations of the substances identified were below the current maximum recommended intake. However, a cumulative effect and low-dose effects should be considered for both patients and dental professionals, especially for young patients. Measures to reduce exposure patients and practitioners are suggested.
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Liu J, Zhang L, Lu G, Jiang R, Yan Z, Li Y. Occurrence, toxicity and ecological risk of Bisphenol A analogues in aquatic environment - A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111481. [PMID: 33120264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol analogues (BPs) have been widely applied to industry as the substitutes for bisphenol A (BPA), which have been detected frequently in surface water, sediment, sewage and sludge. The presence of BPs in natural environment could pose risks to the aquatic ecosystem and human health. This study outlined the occurrence, toxicity of BPs in aquatic environment and manifested their potential ecological risk to the aquatic ecosystem throughout the world. As for occurrence, BPA was losing its dominance, while BPs were occupying a large part, especially for bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol AF (BPAF). In some heavily polluted areas, BPs concentration reached µg/L in aquatic environment, which in the effluent of sewage plants was higher than that in the surface water. BPs content in sludge and sediment was more than that in the aqueous phase. All BPs other than BPS and Bisphenol P (BPP) had moderate toxicity. The current data supports that exposure to BPs may have adverse effects on dysfunction of endocrine system such as thyroid hormone concentration, enzyme activity, and even cell dysfunction, gene damage and chromosomal abnormalities. According to the risk quotient (RQ), BPF shows the highest ecological risk in China, Japan and South Korea, followed by BPA and BPS. The occurrence of bisphenols and their neurotoxicity on aquatic organisms merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Guanghua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; Water Conservancy Project & Civil Engineering College, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China.
| | - Runren Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Zhenhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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Waidyanatha S, Collins BJ, Cunny H, Aillon K, Riordan F, Turner K, McBride S, Betz L, Sutherland V. An investigation of systemic exposure to bisphenol AF during critical periods of development in the rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 411:115369. [PMID: 33338515 PMCID: PMC7821698 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Due to structural similarity to bisphenol A and lack of safety data, the National Toxicology Program (NTP) is evaluating the potential toxicity of bisphenol AF (BPAF) in rodent models. The current investigation reports the internal exposure data for free (unconjugated BPAF) and total (free and conjugated forms) BPAF during critical stages of development following perinatal dietary exposure in Hsd:Sprague Dawley®SD® rats to 0 (vehicle control), 338, 1125, and 3750 ppm BPAF from gestation day (GD) 6 to postnatal day (PND) 28. Free and total BPAF concentrations in maternal plasma at GD 18, PND 4, and PND 28 increased with the exposure concentration; free BPAF concentrations were ≤ 1.61% those of total BPAF demonstrating extensive first pass metabolism of BPAF following dietary exposure in adults. Free and total BPAF were quantified in GD 18 fetuses and PND 4 pups with free concentrations 11.7-53.4% that of corresponding total concentrations. In addition, free concentrations were higher (130-571%) and total concentrations were lower (1.71-7.23%) than corresponding concentrations in dams, demonstrating either preferential transfer of free BPAF and/or inability of fetuses and pups to conjugate BPAF. Free and total concentrations in PND 28 pups were similar to maternal concentrations demonstrating direct exposure of pups via feed and that conjugating enzymes are developed in PND 28 pups. In conclusion, these data demonstrate considerable gestational and lactational transfer of parent aglycone from the mother to offspring. Since the ontogeny of conjugating enzymes in humans is similar to that of rodents, the data from rodent BPAF studies may be useful in predicting human risk from exposure to BPAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suramya Waidyanatha
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - Bradley J Collins
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Helen Cunny
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Katie Turner
- RTI International, Discovery Sciences, Research Triangle, NC, USA
| | | | - Laura Betz
- Social and Scientific Systems, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Vicki Sutherland
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Yan W, Hamid N, Deng S, Jia PP, Pei DS. Individual and combined toxicogenetic effects of microplastics and heavy metals (Cd, Pb, and Zn) perturb gut microbiota homeostasis and gonadal development in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 397:122795. [PMID: 32388101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Currently, microplastics (MPs) attracted increased attention for their ubiquity and toxic properties. In this study, marine medaka was used to explore the individual and combined toxicity of heavy metals (HMs) and MPs on intestinal bacteria and gonadal development. After exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of MPs and HMs, significant alterations of intestinal microbiota were found. The MPs treatment reduced the diversity and abundance of intestinal microbiota, while the HMs and MPs-HMs treatments increased them, which were confirmed by the abundance changes of Proteobacteria. According to the KEGG analysis, the metabolism and environmental information processing (EIP) pathways in the microbial community were significantly affected. This study showed that the MPs-HMs treatment caused a higher pollution load on the gut of the marine medaka, and triggered more significant changes of specific bacterial species and gut function in the males. However, during the gonadal development, HMs and MPs-HMs treatments resulted in empty follicles (EF) and follicular atresia (FA), and altered the gene expression levels related to hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. In short, this study demonstrated that the reproductive disturbance was mainly due to HMs, but the combination of MPs and HMs did not strengthen the risk to the gonad development of the marine medaka.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Naima Hamid
- Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pan-Pan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - De-Sheng Pei
- Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
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Shirdel I, Kalbassi MR, Esmaeilbeigi M, Tinoush B. Disruptive effects of nonylphenol on reproductive hormones, antioxidant enzymes, and histology of liver, kidney and gonads in Caspian trout smolts. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 232:108756. [PMID: 32229183 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The endocrine-disrupting effect of pollutants such as alkylphenols has been considered a major concern during recent years. Although the effects of nonylphenol on the reproductive hormones of fish have been investigated in several studies, the effect of this endocrine disruptor on reproductive hormones of immature fish and salmonid smolts has been less addressed. The present work studied the effects of 1, 10 and 100 μg/l concentrations of nonylphenol on the levels of plasma reproductive hormones and liver antioxidant enzymes as well as on histopathology of reproductive and non-reproductive organs of male and female Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius) smolts after 21 days of exposure. The results of the present study showed that environmentally relevant concentrations of nonylphenol affected plasma levels of sex steroids; gonadotropins, phosphorus, estradiol to testosterone ratio, and also caused histopathological lesions in liver, kidney and testis tissues of immature Caspian brown trout during smolting. Nonylphenol significantly increased the levels of estradiol in plasma of both male and female smolts exposed to nonylphenol compared with the control groups. Exposure to nonylphenol decreased testosterone and FSH levels in both genders. It has also increased plasma levels of LH in females but did not affect LH levels in male fish. Liver SOD and CAT content was decreased in nonylphenol-exposed smolts. Therefore, the release of this economically valuable and endangered species into the rivers contaminated with nonylphenol should be avoided as it can have significant effects on the development and reproductive function of smolts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Shirdel
- Marine Sciences Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran.
| | | | | | - Boshra Tinoush
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Cai M, Li YY, Zhu M, Li JB, Qin ZF. Evaluation of the effects of low concentrations of bisphenol AF on gonadal development using the Xenopus laevis model: A finding of testicular differentiation inhibition coupled with feminization. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:113980. [PMID: 31991354 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Developmental exposures to estrogenic chemicals possibly cause structural and functional abnormalities of reproductive organs in vertebrates. Bisphenol AF (BPAF), a bisphenol A (BPA) analogue, has been shown to have higher estrogenic activity than BPA, but little is known about the effects of BPAF on gonadal development, particularly gonadal differentiation. We aimed to determine whether low concentrations of BPAF could disrupt gonadal differentiation and subsequent development using Xenopus laevis, a model species for studying feminizing effects of estrogenic chemicals. X. laevis tadpoles were exposed to BPAF (1, 10, 100 nM) or 17β-estradiol (E2, positive control) from stages 45/46 to 53 and 66 in a semi-static exposure system, with a prolonged treatment with the highest concentration to the eighth week post-metamorphosis (WPM8). Gonadal morphology and histology as well as sexually dimorphic gene expression were examined to evaluate the effects of BPAF. All concentrations of BPAF caused changes in testicular morphology at different developmental stages compared with controls. Specifically, at stage 53, BPAF like E2 resulted in decreases in both the size and the number of gonadal metameres (gonomeres) in testes, looking like ovaries. Some of BPAF-treated testes remained segmented and even became discontinuous and fragmented at subsequent stages. Histological abnormalities were also observed in BPAF-treated testes, such as ovarian cavity at stages 53 and 66 and poorly developed seminiferous tubules on WPM8. At the molecular level, BPAF inhibited expression of male highly expressed genes in testes at stage 53. Correspondingly, BPAF, like E2, inhibited cell proliferation in testes at stage 50. All results show that low concentrations of BPAF inhibited testicular differentiation and subsequent development in X. laevis, along with feminizing effects to some degree. Our finding implies a risk of BPAF to the male reproductive system of vertebrates including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Min Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jin-Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhan-Fen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Xin Y, Wan B, Yu B, Fan Y, Chen D, Guo LH. Chlorinated Polyfluoroalkylether Sulfonic Acids Exhibit Stronger Estrogenic Effects than Perfluorooctane Sulfonate by Activating Nuclear Estrogen Receptor Pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:3455-3464. [PMID: 31927955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated polyfluoroalkylether sulfonic acids (Cl-PFESAs) have been shown to have potential thyroid hormone (TH) disruption effects. Here, we further investigated their estrogenic effects and underlying mechanisms. In vivo results revealed that exposure of zebrafish to Cl-PFESAs induced disorder of sex hormones during the early embryonic stages and caused histopathological lesions in the gonads of adult zebrafish relative to control groups. To find out whether the estrogen receptor is the molecular target of Cl-PFESAs, the binding interaction between Cl-PFESAs and ERs was investigated using a series of in vitro assays. We found that all tested chemicals could bind directly to ERs and exhibit relatively weak agonistic activity toward ERs, suggesting that the ER-mediated signaling pathway is directly involved in the estrogenic effects of Cl-PFESAs. The internal dose of 8:2 Cl-PFESA was significantly higher than the others, which explained why it obviously displayed an ER agonistic effect despite its weak ER binding affinity. Taken together, these results uncover that, in addition to the TH disruption effect, Cl-PFESAs might also cause estrogenic effects by activating ER pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xin
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, China
- Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Bin Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Bolan Yu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, China
| | - Yong Fan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, China
| | - De Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, China
| | - Liang-Hong Guo
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
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Xu J, Xiong H, Zhang X, Muhayimana S, Liu X, Xue Y, Huang Q. Comparative cytotoxic effects of five commonly used triazole alcohol fungicides on human cells of different tissue types. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2020; 55:438-446. [PMID: 32180509 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2019.1709377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The widespread application of triazole fungicides makes people attach great concern over its adverse effects in mammalian. In this paper, cytotoxic effects of triazole alcohol fungicides (TAFs) were assessed on human HeLa, A549, HCT116 and K562 cells, and the potential mechanism of TAFs cytotoxicity was studied preliminarily. Results showed that TAFs had cytotoxicity on human cells with different level and cytotoxic selectivity. TAFs cytotoxicity was resonated with a typical hormetic biphasic dose action that produced a complex pattern of stimulatory or inhibitory effects on cell viability. Among the five TAFs, diniconazole revealed a widest range of cytotoxicity to inhibit the viability of the adherent and the suspension cells, causing HeLa cells shrinkage, A549 cells shrunken, and K562 cells collapse, and showed stronger cytotoxicity than hexaconazole. Moreover, the involvement of ROS generation in the cytotoxicity of TAFs on human cells was observed, and the apoptosis of HeLa cells and the formation of apoptotic body in K562 cells induced by diniconazole were characterized. The results indicated the cytotoxicity of TAFs with different structures on human cells was depended on their own property and cell specificity, K562 cells were the most susceptible to TAFs and diniconazole was the strongest toxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyong Xu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xianfei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Solange Muhayimana
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yufan Xue
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qingchun Huang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
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Chernis N, Masschelin P, Cox AR, Hartig SM. Bisphenol AF promotes inflammation in human white adipocytes. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C63-C72. [PMID: 31596606 PMCID: PMC6985838 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00175.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals interact with transcription factors essential for adipocyte differentiation. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals corresponds with elevated risks of obesity, but the effects of these compounds on human cells remain largely undefined. Widespread use of bisphenol AF (BPAF) as a bisphenol A (BPA) alternative in the plastics industry presents unknown health risks. To this end, we discovered that BPAF interferes with the metabolic function of mature human adipocytes. Although 4-day exposures to BPAF accelerated adipocyte differentiation, we observed no effect on mature fat cell marker genes. Additional gene and protein expression analysis showed that BPAF treatment during human adipocyte differentiation failed to suppress the proinflammatory transcription factor STAT1. Microscopy and respirometry experiments demonstrated that BPAF impaired mitochondrial function and structure. To test the hypothesis that BPAF fosters vulnerabilities to STAT1 activation, we treated mature adipocytes previously exposed to BPAF with interferon-γ (IFNγ). BPAF increased IFNγ activation of STAT1 and exposed mitochondrial vulnerabilities that disrupt adipocyte lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Collectively, our data establish that BPAF activates inflammatory signaling pathways that degrade metabolic activity in human adipocytes. These findings suggest how the BPA alternative BPAF contributes to metabolic changes that correspond with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Chernis
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Peter Masschelin
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Aaron R Cox
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sean M Hartig
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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A scoping review of the health and toxicological activity of bisphenol A (BPA) structural analogues and functional alternatives. Toxicology 2019; 424:152235. [PMID: 31201879 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies report widespread usage or exposure to a variety of chemicals with structural or functional similarity to bisphenol A (BPA), referred to as BPA analogues or derivatives. These have been detected in foodstuffs, house dust, environmental samples, human urine or blood, and consumer products. Compared to BPA, relatively little is known about potential toxicity of these compounds. This scoping review aimed to summarize the human, animal, and mechanistic toxicity data for 24 BPA analogues of emerging interest to research and regulatory communities. PubMed was searched from March 1, 2015 to January 5, 2019 and combined with the results obtained from literature searches conducted through March 23, 2015, in The National Toxicology Program's Research Report 4 (NTP RR-04), "Biological Activity of Bisphenol A (BPA) Structural Analogues and Functional Alternatives". Study details are presented in interactive displays using Tableau Public. In total, 5748 records were screened for inclusion. One hundred sixty seven studies were included from NTP RR-04 and 175 studies were included from the updated literature search through January 2019. In total, there are 22, 117, and 221 human epidemiological, experimental animal, or in vitro studies included. The most frequently studied BPA analogues are bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (4,4-BPF), and bisphenol AF (BPAF). Notable changes in the literature since 2015 include the growing body of human epidemiological studies and in vivo studies conducted in zebrafish. Numerous new endpoints were also evaluated across all three evidence streams including diabetes, obesity, and oxidative stress. However, few studies have addressed endpoints such as neurodevelopmental outcomes or impacts on the developing mammary or prostate glands, which are known to be susceptible to disruption by BPA. Further, there remains a critical need for better exposure information in order to prioritize experimental studies. Moving forward, researchers should also ensure that full dose responses are performed for all main effects in order to support hazard and risk characterization efforts. The evidence gathered here suggests that hazard and risk characterizations should expand beyond BPA in order to consider BPA structural and functional analogues.
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Cao J, Wang G, Wang T, Chen J, Wenjing G, Wu P, He X, Xie L. Copper caused reproductive endocrine disruption in zebrafish (Danio rerio). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 211:124-136. [PMID: 30965180 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cu in surface waters has been demonstrated to affect aquatic animals at ecologically relevant concentrations. However, its effects on reproductive endocrine system and the underlying toxicological mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to 0, 10, 20, 40 μg/L of Cu for 30 days. Growth, gonad histopathology, the hormone levels and the transcriptional profiles of genes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in both sexes were examined. The results indicated that body weight was significantly reduced, the gonadal development was affected, and the levels of E2, T and 11-KT were remarkably disturbed in Cu-exposed fish. Moreover, the expression profiles of steroidogenesis-related genes in gonad (3βhsd, 17βhsd, cyp11a1, cyp17, cyp19a, lhr, fshr, hmgra and star) and in brains (ar, cyp19b, erα, er2β, lhβ, fshβ, gnrh2, gnrh3, gnrhr1, gnrh2 and gnrh4) displayed alterations after exposure to Cu. These results demonstrated that Cu could suppress the growth of zebrafish and significantly affect the reproductive biology in both sexes by damaging the structure of the gonads, altering the steroid hormone levels and the expressions of endocrine-related genes in HPG of zebrafish. This study suggests that Cu adversely affects the reproductive endocrine system in zebrafish and could pose a potential threat to fish populations inhabiting Cu-contaminated waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Husbandry and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China.
| | - Guodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Husbandry and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China; School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China.
| | - Tianyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Husbandry and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China.
| | - Jianjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Husbandry and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China.
| | - Guo Wenjing
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Husbandry and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China.
| | - Panhong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Husbandry and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China.
| | - Xinjin He
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Husbandry and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China.
| | - Lingtian Xie
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Waidyanatha S, Black SR, Aillon K, Collins B, Patel PR, Riordan F, Sutherland V, Robinson VG, Fernando R, Fennell TR. Toxicokinetics and bioavailability of bisphenol AF following oral administration in rodents: A dose, species, and sex comparison. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 373:39-47. [PMID: 31022493 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the toxicokinetics and bioavailability of bisphenol AF (BPAF) in male and female Harlan Sprague Dawley rats and B6C3F1/N mice following a single gavage administration of 34, 110, or 340 mg/kg. A validated analytical method was used to quantitate free (unconjugated parent) and total (unconjugated and conjugated) BPAF in plasma. BPAF was rapidly absorbed in rats with the maximum plasma concentration, Cmax, of free BPAF reached at ≤2.20 h. BPAF was cleared rapidly with a plasma elimination half-life of ≤3.35 h. Cmax and the area under the concentration versus time curve, AUC0-∞, increased proportionally to the dose. Total BPAF Cmax was reached ≤1.07 h in rats with both Cmax (≥27-fold) and AUC0-∞ (≥52-fold) much higher than corresponding free values demonstrating rapid and extensive conjugation of BPAF following oral administration. Absorption of BPAF following a 34 mg/kg gavage dose in mice was more rapid than in rats with free BPAF Cmax reached ≤0.455 h. Free BPAF was cleared rapidly in mice with an elimination half-life of ≤4.22 h. Similar to rats, total BPAF was much higher than corresponding free BPAF. There was no apparent sex-related effect in plasma toxicokinetic parameters of free or total BPAF in mice and rats. Bioavailability in rats was ~ 1% with no apparent dose-related effect. Bioavailability in mice was slightly higher than in rats (male ~ 6%, female 3%). These data demonstrate that BPAF was rapidly absorbed following gavage administration in rodents, rapidly and extensively conjugated with low bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suramya Waidyanatha
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States of America.
| | - Sherry R Black
- RTI International, Discovery Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States of America
| | | | - Brad Collins
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States of America
| | - Purvi R Patel
- RTI International, Discovery Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States of America
| | | | - Vicki Sutherland
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States of America
| | - Veronica Godfrey Robinson
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States of America
| | - Reshan Fernando
- RTI International, Discovery Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States of America
| | - Timothy R Fennell
- RTI International, Discovery Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States of America
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Zhang W, Xia W, Liu W, Li X, Hu J, Zhang B, Xu S, Zhou Y, Li J, Cai Z, Li Y. Exposure to Bisphenol a Substitutes and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study in China. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:262. [PMID: 31114544 PMCID: PMC6503732 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The association of bisphenol A (BPA) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been investigated in only a small number of studies, and research on the associations between BPA substitutes and GDM is scarce. Objective: We aimed to investigate the associations of four bisphenols [bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol AF (BPAF)] levels in urine sample with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and plasma glucose levels. Methods: A total of 1,841 pregnant women from a cohort study were recruited at their first prenatal examination between 2013 and 2015 in Wuhan, China. Concentrations of four bisphenols (BPA, BPS, BPF, BPAF) were measured in first-trimester urine samples using Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography system coupled to a Triple Quadrupole mass spectrometer (UHPLC-TQMS). An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at 24-28 gestational weeks and GDM was diagnosed post hoc using International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria. We used multivariable logistic regression models to examine the associations of urinary bisphenols with the risk of GDM, and multiple linear regression models to determine the associations between bisphenols exposure and plasma glucose levels. Results: Urinary BPAF was associated with increased odds of GDM among women with normal pre-pregnancy BMI [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.70 (95% CI: 1.08, 2.67) for the highest group compared to the lowest group], and the association remained significant after additional adjustment for other bisphenols [aOR = 1.68 (95% CI: 1.03, 2.72)]. No significant associations were observed for other bisphenols and GDM. Consistent with the result of GDM, women in the highest BPAF category had a mean of 0.05 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.01, 0.09) higher fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels than women in the lowest category. For BPA and plasma glucose, non-linear associations were observed between urinary BPA and FPG and the sum of the PG z-score among women who were overweight (p for non-linear association < 0.05). We also found that the per-unit increase in natural log transformed specific gravity adjusted BPS [ln (SG-adj BPS)] was associated with a 0.03 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.01, 0.04) increase in FPG levels and the associations might be modified by fetal sex (p for interaction < 0.05). Among women with female fetus, a per-unit increase in ln (SG-adj BPS) was associated with a 0.04 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.02, 0.06) increase in FPG, a 0.11 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.04, 0.17) increase in 1 h-PG and a 0.19 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.08, 0.30) increase in the sum of PG z-score. Conclusions: Our results provide evidence that BPAF and BPS might be potential risk factors of GDM, which require to be studied further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinping Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiufeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- *Correspondence: Zongwei Cai
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Yuanyuan Li
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Zhou R, Lu G, Yan Z, Jiang R, Shen J, Bao X. Parental transfer of ethylhexyl methoxy cinnamate and induced biochemical responses in zebrafish. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 206:24-32. [PMID: 30419393 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ethylhexyl methoxy cinnamate (EHMC) is one of the major organic ultraviolet (UV) filter pollutants in the environment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the parental transfer of EHMC and induced biochemical responses in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Zebrafish embryos were exposed to EHMC solution (1, 10, and 100 μg/L) for 4 months until sexual maturation. Then male and female parents were paired to lay eggs. F1 generations were divided into 2 categories: with and without continued EHMC exposure. EHMC was detected in both F0 parents and F1 eggs, indicating that EHMC can accumulate in zebrafish and transfer to offspring through reproduction. The hatching rate decreased and malformation rate increased significantly among parents and progeny embryos in the high concentration exposure group. For 40 dpf (days post-fertilisation) F0 generations, estradiol hormone and vitellogenin (Vtg) contents, the expression levels of Vtg1, P450 aromatase (Cyp19a and Cyp19b), 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (Hsd17b1, Hsd17b3), estrogen receptor-alpha and progesterone receptor in all concentration groups decreased significantly, while androgen receptor increased significantly in 10 and 100 μg/L exposure groups compared with the corresponding control group, showing anti-estrogen and androgen effects. For 120 dpf F0 generations, acetylcholinesterase activity was significantly decreased and glutathione and malondialdehyde levels, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase activities were significantly increased in all treatment groups compared with the corresponding control group. In addition, F1 offspring with or without continued exposure to EHMC suffered similar or stronger oxidative stress compared with their parents. DNA breakage and apoptosis also occurred in 120 dpf parental liver cells in all treatment groups as a result of oxidative damage. Results suggested that EHMC have transfer effects between parents and offspring, which may cause negative effects on growth and development of zebrafish and induce biochemical responses in both parents and offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Guanghua Lu
- Key Laboratory for Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; Water Conservancy Project & Civil Engineering College, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, 860000, China.
| | - Zhenhua Yan
- Key Laboratory for Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Runren Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Key Laboratory for Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xuhui Bao
- Key Laboratory for Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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Arancio AL, Cole KD, Dominguez AR, Cohenour ER, Kadie J, Maloney WC, Cilliers C, Schuh SM. Bisphenol A, Bisphenol AF, di-n-butyl phthalate, and 17β-estradiol have shared and unique dose-dependent effects on early embryo cleavage divisions and development in Xenopus laevis. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 84:65-74. [PMID: 30579998 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), Bisphenol AF (BPAF), and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) are widespread compounds used in the production of plastics. We used Xenopus laevis to compare their effects on early embryo cell division and development. Directly after in vitro fertilizations, embryos were exposed to BPA, BPAF, DBP, or 17β-estradiol (E2) for up to 96 h. BPA (1-50 μM) and BPAF (0.003-25 μM) caused disrupted cleavage divisions, slowed cytokinesis, and cellular dissociation within 1-6 h. Flexures of the spinal cord, shorter body axis/tail, craniofacial malformations, and significant mortality occurred with environmentally relevant doses of BPAF (LC50 = 0.013 μM). DBP (10-200 μM) showed similar effects, but with severe ventral edema. There were both shared and unique effects of all compounds, with BPAF having the greatest potency and toxicity (BPAF > BPA > estradiol > DBP). These findings underscore the pleiotropic effects of widespread toxicants on early development and highlight the need for better toxicological characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L Arancio
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Saint Mary's College of California, United States
| | - Kyla D Cole
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Saint Mary's College of California, United States
| | - Anyssa R Dominguez
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Saint Mary's College of California, United States
| | - Emry R Cohenour
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Saint Mary's College of California, United States
| | - Julia Kadie
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Saint Mary's College of California, United States
| | - William C Maloney
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Saint Mary's College of California, United States
| | - Chane Cilliers
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Saint Mary's College of California, United States
| | - Sonya M Schuh
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Saint Mary's College of California, United States.
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Siracusa JS, Yin L, Measel E, Liang S, Yu X. Effects of bisphenol A and its analogs on reproductive health: A mini review. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 79:96-123. [PMID: 29925041 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Known endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) has been shown to be a reproductive toxicant in animal models. Its structural analogs: bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol AF (BPAF), and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) are increasingly being used in consumer products. However, these analogs may exert similar adverse effects on the reproductive system, and their toxicological data are still limited. This mini-review examined studies on both BPA and BPA analog exposure and reproductive toxicity. It outlines the current state of knowledge on human exposure, toxicokinetics, endocrine activities, and reproductive toxicities of BPA and its analogs. BPA analogs showed similar endocrine potencies when compared to BPA, and emerging data suggest they may pose threats as reproductive hazards in animal models. While evidence based on epidemiological studies is still weak, we have utilized current studies to highlight knowledge gaps and research needs for future risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Steven Siracusa
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Lei Yin
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States; ReproTox Biotech LLC, Athens 30602, GA, United States
| | - Emily Measel
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Shenuxan Liang
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Xiaozhong Yu
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
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Feng Y, Shi J, Jiao Z, Duan H, Shao B. Mechanism of bisphenol AF-induced progesterone inhibition in human chorionic gonadotrophin-stimulated mouse Leydig tumor cell line (mLTC-1) cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:670-678. [PMID: 29575470 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol AF (BPAF) has been shown to inhibit testicular steroidogenesis in male rats. However, the precise mechanisms related to the toxic effects of BPAF on reproduction remain poorly understood. In the present study, a mouse Leydig tumor cell line (mLTC-1) was used as a model to investigate the mechanism of steroidogenic inhibition and to identify the molecular target of BPAF. Levels of progesterone and the concentration of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in cells exposed to BPAF were detected, and expression of key genes and proteins in steroid biosynthesis was assessed. The results showed that BPAF exposure decreased human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG)-stimulated progesterone production in a dose-dependent manner. The 24-h IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) value for BPAF regarding progesterone production was 70.2 µM. A dramatic decrease in cellular cAMP concentration was also observed. Furthermore, BPAF exposure inhibited expression of genes and proteins involved in cholesterol transport and progesterone biosynthesis. Conversely, the protein levels of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) were not altered, and those of progesterone were still decreased upon 22R-hydroxycholesterol treatment of cells exposed to higher doses of BPAF. Together, these data indicate that BPAF exposure inhibits progesterone secretion in hCG-stimulated mLTC-1 cells by reducing expression of scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-B1) and cytochrome P450 (P450scc) due to the adverse effects of cAMP. However, StAR might not be the molecular target in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixing Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Jiachen Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Zhihao Jiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Hejun Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Bing Shao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Mu X, Huang Y, Li X, Lei Y, Teng M, Li X, Wang C, Li Y. Developmental Effects and Estrogenicity of Bisphenol A Alternatives in a Zebrafish Embryo Model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:3222-3231. [PMID: 29397701 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the negative effects of bisphenol A (BPA) alternatives comprehensively, zebrafish embryos were used to assess the lethality, developmental effects, and estrogenic activity of bisphenol analogues. The in silico estrogenic activities of bisphenol analogues were assayed by binding simulation. According to our results, the lethality of bisphenol analogues decreased in order of bisphenol AF (BPAF) > BPA > bisphenol F (BPF) > bisphenol S (BPS). BPAF and BPF induced significant effects on zebrafish embryos, including decreased heart rate, hatching inhibition, and teratogenic effects. The binding potentials of bisphenol analogues toward zebrafish ERs (zfERS) decreased in the following order: BPAF > BPA > BPF > BPS. Among the three subtypes of zfERs, zfERβ2 showed the highest binding activity toward the bisphenols, followed by zfERα and zfERβ1. In vivo estrogenic activity tests showed that BPAF, BPA, and BPF significantly enhanced the protein levels of ERα along with the mRNA levels of esr1, esr2a, esr2b, and vtg1 in zebrafish embryos. Esr2b showed the strongest response to BPAF and BPA exposure among the three esrs. In contrast, BPS did not significantly regulate ER protein level or ER transcription. In conclusion, BPAF showed the highest lethality, developmental effects, and estrogenic activity (both in silico and in vivo) followed by BPA and BPF. BPS showed the weakest toxicity and estrogenic activity. zfERβ2 might act as the main target among the three ER subtypes of zebrafish after exposure to BPAF and BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyan Mu
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center , Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Beijing 100141 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Huang
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center , Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Beijing 100141 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xuxing Li
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center , Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Beijing 100141 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlei Lei
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center , Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Beijing 100141 , People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Teng
- College of Sciences , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- College of Sciences , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chengju Wang
- College of Sciences , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yingren Li
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center , Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Beijing 100141 , People's Republic of China
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