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Zhu J, Shen H, Li G, Chen L, Kang P, Guo Y, Li Z. Theaflavin pretreatment ameliorates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury by attenuating apoptosis and oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116114. [PMID: 38171247 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced apoptosis is an important pathological process in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (RIRI). Theaflavin (TF) is the main active pigment and polyphenol in black tea. It has been widely reported because of its biological activity that can reduce oxidative stress and protect against many diseases. Here, we explored the role of theaflavin in the pathological process of RIRI. In the present study, the RIRI model of 45 min ischemia and 24 h reperfusion was established in C57BL/6 J male mice, and theaflavin was used as an intervention. Compared with the RIRI group, the renal filtration function, renal tissue damage and antioxidant capacity of the theaflavin intervention group were significantly improved, while the level of apoptosis was reduced. TCMK-1 cells were incubated under hypoxia for 48 h and then reoxygenated for 6 h to simulate RIRI in vitro. The application of theaflavin significantly promoted the translocation of p53 from cytoplasm to nucleus, upregulated the expression of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx-1) in cells, and inhibited oxidative stress damage and apoptosis. Transfection with p53 siRNA can partially inhibit the effect of theaflavin. Thus, theaflavin exerted a protective effect against RIRI by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress via regulating the p53/GPx-1 pathway. We conclude that theaflavin has the potential to become a candidate drug for the prevention and treatment of RIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianning Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Guohao Li
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Peng Kang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Yonglian Guo
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China.
| | - Zhongyuan Li
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China.
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Oropeza-Almazán Y, Blatter LA. Role of Mitochondrial ROS for Calcium Alternans in Atrial Myocytes. Biomolecules 2024; 14:144. [PMID: 38397381 PMCID: PMC10887423 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial calcium transient (CaT) alternans is defined as beat-to-beat alternations in CaT amplitude and is causally linked to atrial fibrillation (AF). Mitochondria play a significant role in cardiac excitation-contraction coupling and Ca signaling through redox environment regulation. In isolated rabbit atrial myocytes, ROS production is enhanced during CaT alternans, measured by fluorescence microscopy. Exogenous ROS (tert-butyl hydroperoxide) enhanced CaT alternans, whereas ROS scavengers (dithiothreitol, MnTBAP, quercetin, tempol) alleviated CaT alternans. While the inhibition of cellular NADPH oxidases had no effect on CaT alternans, interference with mitochondrial ROS (ROSm) production had profound effects: (1) the superoxide dismutase mimetic MitoTempo diminished CaT alternans and shifted the pacing threshold to higher frequencies; (2) the inhibition of cyt c peroxidase by SS-31, and inhibitors of ROSm production by complexes of the electron transport chain S1QEL1.1 and S3QEL2, decreased the severity of CaT alternans; however (3) the impairment of mitochondrial antioxidant defense by the inhibition of nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase with NBD-Cl and thioredoxin reductase-2 with auranofin enhanced CaT alternans. Our results suggest that intact mitochondrial antioxidant defense provides crucial protection against pro-arrhythmic CaT alternans. Thus, modulating the mitochondrial redox state represents a potential therapeutic approach for alternans-associated arrhythmias, including AF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lothar A. Blatter
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W. Harrison St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
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Ferreira RR, Carvalho RV, Coelho LL, Gonzaga BMDS, Bonecini-Almeida MDG, Garzoni LR, Araujo-Jorge TC. Current Understanding of Human Polymorphism in Selenoprotein Genes: A Review of Its Significance as a Risk Biomarker. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1402. [PMID: 38338681 PMCID: PMC10855570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Selenium has been proven to influence several biological functions, showing to be an essential micronutrient. The functional studies demonstrated the benefits of a balanced selenium diet and how its deficiency is associated with diverse diseases, especially cancer and viral diseases. Selenium is an antioxidant, protecting the cells from damage, enhancing the immune system response, preventing cardiovascular diseases, and decreasing inflammation. Selenium can be found in its inorganic and organic forms, and its main form in the cells is the selenocysteine incorporated into selenoproteins. Twenty-five selenoproteins are currently known in the human genome: glutathione peroxidases, iodothyronine deiodinases, thioredoxin reductases, selenophosphate synthetase, and other selenoproteins. These proteins lead to the transport of selenium in the tissues, protect against oxidative damage, contribute to the stress of the endoplasmic reticulum, and control inflammation. Due to these functions, there has been growing interest in the influence of polymorphisms in selenoproteins in the last two decades. Selenoproteins' gene polymorphisms may influence protein structure and selenium concentration in plasma and its absorption and even impact the development and progression of certain diseases. This review aims to elucidate the role of selenoproteins and understand how their gene polymorphisms can influence the balance of physiological conditions. In this polymorphism review, we focused on the PubMed database, with only articles published in English between 2003 and 2023. The keywords used were "selenoprotein" and "polymorphism". Articles that did not approach the theme subject were excluded. Selenium and selenoproteins still have a long way to go in molecular studies, and several works demonstrated the importance of their polymorphisms as a risk biomarker for some diseases, especially cardiovascular and thyroid diseases, diabetes, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Rodrigues Ferreira
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LITEB-IOC/Fiocruz), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Pav. Cardoso Fontes, Sala 64, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (R.V.C.); (L.L.C.); (B.M.d.S.G.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Regina Vieira Carvalho
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LITEB-IOC/Fiocruz), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Pav. Cardoso Fontes, Sala 64, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (R.V.C.); (L.L.C.); (B.M.d.S.G.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Laura Lacerda Coelho
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LITEB-IOC/Fiocruz), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Pav. Cardoso Fontes, Sala 64, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (R.V.C.); (L.L.C.); (B.M.d.S.G.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Beatriz Matheus de Souza Gonzaga
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LITEB-IOC/Fiocruz), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Pav. Cardoso Fontes, Sala 64, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (R.V.C.); (L.L.C.); (B.M.d.S.G.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Maria da Gloria Bonecini-Almeida
- Laboratory of Immunology and Immunogenetics, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil;
| | - Luciana Ribeiro Garzoni
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LITEB-IOC/Fiocruz), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Pav. Cardoso Fontes, Sala 64, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (R.V.C.); (L.L.C.); (B.M.d.S.G.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Tania C. Araujo-Jorge
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LITEB-IOC/Fiocruz), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Pav. Cardoso Fontes, Sala 64, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (R.V.C.); (L.L.C.); (B.M.d.S.G.); (L.R.G.)
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Awonuga AO, Camp OG, Abu-Soud HM. A review of nitric oxide and oxidative stress in typical ovulatory women and in the pathogenesis of ovulatory dysfunction in PCOS. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2023; 21:111. [PMID: 37996893 PMCID: PMC10666387 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-023-01159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous functional endocrine disorder associated with a low-grade, chronic inflammatory state. Patients with PCOS present an increased risk of metabolic comorbidities and often menstrual dysregulation and infertility due to anovulation and/or poor oocyte quality. Multiple mechanisms including oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation are believed to be responsible for oocyte deterioration; however, the influence of nitric oxide (NO) insufficiency in oocyte quality and ovulatory dysfunction in PCOS is still a matter for debate. Higher production of superoxide (O2•-) mediated DNA damage and impaired antioxidant defense have been implicated as contributory factors for the development of PCOS, with reported alteration in superoxide dismutase (SOD) function, an imbalanced zinc/copper ratio, and increased catalase activity. These events may result in decreased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation with increased lipid peroxidation events. A decrease in NO, potentially due to increased activity of NO synthase (NOS) inhibitors such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and imbalance in the distribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as decreased H2O2 and increased O2•-, may offset the physiological processes surrounding follicular development, oocyte maturation, and ovulation contributing to the reproductive dysfunction in patients with PCOS. Thus, this proposal aims to evaluate the specific roles of NO, oxidative stress, ROS, and enzymatic and nonenzymatic elements in the pathogenesis of PCOS ovarian dysfunction, including oligo- anovulation and oocyte quality, with the intent to inspire better application of therapeutic options. The authors believe more consideration into the specific roles of oxidative stress, ROS, and enzymatic and nonenzymatic elements may allow for a more thorough understanding of PCOS. Future efforts elaborating on the role of NO in the preoptic nucleus to determine its influence on GnRH firing and follicle-stimulating hormone/Luteinizing hormone (FSH/LH) production with ovulation would be of benefit in PCOS. Consequently, treatment with an ADMA inhibitor or NO donor may prove beneficial to PCOS patients experiencing reproductive dysfunction and infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awoniyi O Awonuga
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 275 E. Hancock Detroit, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Olivia G Camp
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 275 E. Hancock Detroit, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Husam M Abu-Soud
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 275 E. Hancock Detroit, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
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Kim SR, Park JW, Lee BH, Lim KM, Chang TS. Peroxiredoxin V Protects against UVB-Induced Damage of Keratinocytes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1435. [PMID: 37507973 PMCID: PMC10376850 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can damage exposed skin cells. Mitochondria and NADPH oxidase are the two principal producers of ROS in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes. Peroxiredoxin V (PrxV) is a mitochondrial and cytosolic cysteine-dependent peroxidase enzyme that robustly removes H2O2. We investigated PrxV's role in protecting epidermal keratinocytes against UVB-induced ROS damage. We separated mitochondrial and cytosolic H2O2 levels from other types of ROS using fluorescent H2O2 indicators. Upon UVB irradiation, PrxV-knockdown HaCaT human keratinocytes showed higher levels of mitochondrial and cytosolic H2O2 than PrxV-expressing controls. PrxV depletion enhanced hyperoxidation-mediated inactivation of mitochondrial PrxIII and cytosolic PrxI and PrxII in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes. PrxV-depleted keratinocytes exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction and were more susceptible to apoptosis through decreased oxygen consumption rate, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, cardiolipin oxidation, cytochrome C release, and caspase activation. Our findings show that PrxV serves to protect epidermal keratinocytes from UVB-induced damage such as mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis, not only by directly removing mitochondrial and cytosolic H2O2 but also by indirectly improving the catalytic activity of mitochondrial PrxIII and cytosolic PrxI and PrxII. It is possible that strengthening PrxV defenses could aid in preventing UVB-induced skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin Ri Kim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Lim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Tong-Shin Chang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Horváth G, Sváb G, Komlódi T, Ravasz D, Kacsó G, Doczi J, Chinopoulos C, Ambrus A, Tretter L. Reverse and Forward Electron Flow-Induced H2O2 Formation Is Decreased in α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase (α-KGDH) Subunit (E2 or E3) Heterozygote Knock Out Animals. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081487. [PMID: 36009207 PMCID: PMC9404749 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (KGDHc), or 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDHc) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, that has been identified in neurodegenerative diseases such as in Alzheimer’s disease. The aim of the present study was to establish the role of the KGDHc and its subunits in the bioenergetics and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis of brain mitochondria. To study the bioenergetic profile of KGDHc, genetically modified mouse strains were used having a heterozygous knock out (KO) either in the dihydrolipoyl succinyltransferase (DLST+/−) or in the dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (DLD+/−) subunit. Mitochondrial oxygen consumption, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, and expression of antioxidant enzymes were measured in isolated mouse brain mitochondria. Here, we demonstrate that the ADP-stimulated respiration of mitochondria was partially arrested in the transgenic animals when utilizing α-ketoglutarate (α-KG or 2-OG) as a fuel substrate. Succinate and α-glycerophosphate (α-GP), however, did not show this effect. The H2O2 production in mitochondria energized with α-KG was decreased after inhibiting the adenine nucleotide translocase and Complex I (CI) in the transgenic strains compared to the controls. Similarly, the reverse electron transfer (RET)-evoked H2O2 formation supported by succinate or α-GP were inhibited in mitochondria isolated from the transgenic animals. The decrease of RET-evoked ROS production by DLST+/− or DLD+/− KO-s puts the emphasis of the KGDHc in the pathomechanism of ischemia-reperfusion evoked oxidative stress. Supporting this notion, expression of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase was also decreased in the KGDHc transgenic animals suggesting the attenuation of ROS-producing characteristics of KGDHc. These findings confirm the contribution of the KGDHc to the mitochondrial ROS production and in the pathomechanism of ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Gansemer ER, Rutkowski DT. Pathways Linking Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Production to Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein Oxidation and Stress. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:858142. [PMID: 35601828 PMCID: PMC9114485 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.858142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen is highly oxidizing compared to other subcellular compartments, and maintaining the appropriate levels of oxidizing and reducing equivalents is essential to ER function. Both protein oxidation itself and other essential ER processes, such as the degradation of misfolded proteins and the sequestration of cellular calcium, are tuned to the ER redox state. Simultaneously, nutrients are oxidized in the cytosol and mitochondria to power ATP generation, reductive biosynthesis, and defense against reactive oxygen species. These parallel needs for protein oxidation in the ER and nutrient oxidation in the cytosol and mitochondria raise the possibility that the two processes compete for electron acceptors, even though they occur in separate cellular compartments. A key molecule central to both processes is NADPH, which is produced by reduction of NADP+ during nutrient catabolism and which in turn drives the reduction of components such as glutathione and thioredoxin that influence the redox potential in the ER lumen. For this reason, NADPH might serve as a mediator linking metabolic activity to ER homeostasis and stress, and represent a novel form of mitochondria-to-ER communication. In this review, we discuss oxidative protein folding in the ER, NADPH generation by the major pathways that mediate it, and ER-localized systems that can link the two processes to connect ER function to metabolic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica R. Gansemer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - D. Thomas Rutkowski
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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Refaie MMM, Rifaai RA, Fawzy MA, Shehata S. Dapagliflozin Guards Against Cadmium-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Modulation of IL6/STAT3 and TLR2/TNFα Signaling Pathways. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:916-928. [PMID: 36242756 PMCID: PMC9606062 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-022-09768-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a common environmental pollutant that leads to severe cardiotoxic hazards. Several studies were carried out to protect the myocardium against Cd-induced cardiotoxicity. Up till now, no researches evaluated the protective effect of dapagliflozin (DAP) against Cd induced cardiotoxicity. Thus, we aimed to explore the role of DAP in such model with deep studying of the involved mechanisms. 40 male Wistar albino rats were included in current study. Cd (5 mg/kg/day) was administered orally for 7 days to induce cardiotoxicity with or without co-administration of DAP in three different doses (2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg/day) orally for 7 days. Our data revealed that Cd could induce cardiotoxicity with significant increase in serum cardiac enzymes, heart weight, tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), toll like receptor2 (TLR2), interleukin 6 (IL6) and caspase3 immunoexpression with abnormal histopathological changes. In addition, Cd significantly decreased the level of heme oxygenase1 (HO1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Co-administration of DAP could ameliorate Cd cardiotoxicity with significant improvement of the biochemical and histopathological changes. We found that DAP had protective properties against Cd induced cardiotoxicity and this may be due to its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic properties and modulation of IL6/STAT3 and TLR2/TNFα-signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M. M. Refaie
- grid.411806.a0000 0000 8999 4945Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, 61511 Egypt
| | - Rehab Ahmed Rifaai
- grid.411806.a0000 0000 8999 4945Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, 61511 Egypt
| | - Michael Atef Fawzy
- grid.411806.a0000 0000 8999 4945Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia, 61511 Egypt
| | - Sayed Shehata
- grid.411806.a0000 0000 8999 4945Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, 61511 Egypt
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Singh A, Kaushik A, Dhau JS, Kumar R. Exploring coordination preferences and biological applications of pyridyl-based organochalcogen (Se, Te) ligands. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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10
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Kim YE, Kim J. ROS-Scavenging Therapeutic Hydrogels for Modulation of the Inflammatory Response. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 14:23002-23021. [PMID: 34962774 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential for cellular processes, excessive ROS could be a major cause of various inflammatory diseases because of the oxidation of proteins, DNA, and membrane lipids. It has recently been suggested that the amount of ROS could thus be regulated to treat such physiological disorders. A ROS-scavenging hydrogel is a promising candidate for therapeutic applications because of its high biocompatibility, 3D matrix, and ability to be modified. Approaches to conferring antioxidant properties to normal hydrogels include embedding ROS-scavenging catalytic nanoparticles, modifying hydrogel polymer chains with ROS-adsorbing organic moieties, and incorporating ROS-labile linkers in polymer backbones. Such therapeutic hydrogels can be used for wound healing, cardiovascular diseases, bone repair, ocular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. ROS-scavenging hydrogels could eliminate oxidative stress, accelerate the regeneration process, and show synergetic effects with other drugs or therapeutic molecules. In this review, the mechanisms by which ROS are generated and scavenged in the body are outlined, and the effects of high levels of ROS and the resulting oxidative stress on inflammatory diseases are described. Next, the mechanism of ROS scavenging by hydrogels is explained depending on the ROS-scavenging agents embedded within the hydrogel. Lastly, the recent achievements in the development of ROS-scavenging hydrogels to treat various inflammation-associated diseases are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Eun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics (IQB), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Qian Y, Zhao F, Wang J, Li H, Xu L, Wang W, Yu W, Shan L. Myricetin-Based Self-Assembled Nanoparticles for Tumor Synergistic Therapy by Antioxidation Pathway. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:2399-2412. [PMID: 34974863 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nanoplatforms are nano-scale systems that can transport different small molecular anticancer drugs or chemosensitization motif to accumulate in tumor cells without obvious side-effect in normal cells and achieve a synergistic therapy. In this paper the new self-assembled nanoparticles (NPs) merging doxorubicin (DOX) and myricetin (MYR) with ferric ions (Fe3+) and polyphenol was employed for forming the DOX@MYR-Fe3+ NP (FDMP NP). The FDMP NPs could reduce the DOX-induced toxicity in blood; and they could not cause damage to the heart and kidney tissues by the reasons that the MYR could enhance the anti-oxidation capability in normal cells, which resulted in preventing ROS-induced damage. Additionally, the FDMP NPs were characteristic of small size (37.70 ± 6.30 nm), high DOX loading efficiency (46.67 ± 1.58%), pH-controlled release and excellent stable pharmacokinetics, that inducing drug release and enhancing drug accumulation in the tumor. Moreover, the FDMP NPs could inhibit the expression of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α(HIF-1α) and the key angiogenesis mediator vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) both in vitro and in vivo, which succeed in preventing the generation of new blood vessel networks; that is the mechanism of the synergistic effect against tumors induced by FDMP NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Qian
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Spin Electron and Nanomaterials of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Spin Electron and Nanomaterials of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Spin Electron and Nanomaterials of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Spin Electron and Nanomaterials of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisheng Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Spin Electron and Nanomaterials of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Spin Electron and Nanomaterials of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixiong Yu
- Anhui Xinximeng Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 234000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Shan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Spin Electron and Nanomaterials of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, People's Republic of China
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12
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Protective effect of quercetin on alteration of antioxidant genes expression and histological changes in the dental pulp of the streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 125:105088. [PMID: 33640557 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the effect of quercetin as one of the most common polyphenols with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties on expression levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and histology of dental pulp in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. DESIGN Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin in adult male Wistar rats. Animals (n = 24) were equally distributed into control, diabetes, and diabetes treated with quercetin groups. Rats were gavaged daily with quercetin (25 mg/kg) for forty days. To measure the mRNA levels of antioxidant genes, quantitate real-time PCR was applied. The oxidative stress parameters such as total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and histopathological assessments were performed. RESULTS A significant increase in the relative quantification mRNA levels of SOD1, CAT, GPX1 was detected in diabetic rat dental pulp. Besides, persistent hyperglycemia led to the enhancement of TAC level and degeneration of connective tissue of the dental pulp. Interestingly, quercetin normalized the expression mRNA levels of CAT, SOD1, GPX1 to near the normal level. Moreover, quercetin treatment normalized TAC levels. CONCLUSIONS Because of the crucial role of antioxidants in diabetic complications, the findings of the current study presented a molecular basis for the protective effect of quercetin on dental pulp in diabetic conditions.
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13
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The Effect of Glutathione Peroxidase-1 Knockout on Anticancer Drug Sensitivities and Reactive Oxygen Species in Haploid HAP-1 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121300. [PMID: 33353055 PMCID: PMC7766971 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of glutathione peroxidases (GPx) in cancer and their influence on tumor prognosis and the development of anticancer drug resistance has been extensively and controversially discussed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of GPx1 expression on anticancer drug cytotoxicity. For this purpose, a GPx1 knockout of the near-haploid human cancer cell line HAP-1 was generated and compared to the native cell line with regards to morphology, growth and metabolic rates, and oxidative stress defenses. Furthermore, the IC50 values of two peroxides and 16 widely used anticancer drugs were determined in both cell lines. Here we report that the knockout of GPx1 in HAP-1 cells has no significant effect on cell size, viability, growth and metabolic rates. Significant increases in the cytotoxic potency of hydrogen peroxide and tert-butylhydroperoxide, the anticancer drugs cisplatin and carboplatin as well as the alkylating agents lomustine and temozolomide were found. While a concentration dependent increases in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were observed for both HAP-1 cell lines treated with either cisplatin, lomustine or temozolamide, no significant enhancement in ROS levels was observed in the GPx1 knockout compared to the native cell line except at the highest concentration of temozolamide. On the other hand, a ca. 50% decrease in glutathione levels was noted in the GPx1 knockout relative to the native line, suggesting that factors other than ROS levels alone play a role in the increased cytotoxic activity of these drugs in the GPx1 knockout cells.
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Determination of Oxidative Stress Markers in the Aqueous Humor and Corneal Tissues of Patients With Congenital Hereditary Endothelial Dystrophy. Cornea 2020; 40:491-496. [PMID: 33177409 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000002568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to determine the presence of oxidative stress markers in the aqueous humor (AH) and corneal tissues of patients with congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED). METHODS Interventional prospective study was undertaken to quantify levels of ascorbic acid and glutathione in the AH of patients with CHED. AH was collected from patients undergoing keratoplasty and levels of ascorbic acid and glutathione were determined using biochemical assays and measured spectrophotometrically. AH collected from pediatric patients with cataract were used as control. Corneal sections of patients who underwent penetrating keratoplasty were obtained, and presence of glutathione peroxidase 1, catalase, and superoxide dismutase was determined by immunohistochemistry. Tissue sections obtained from cadaveric corneas unsuitable for clinical transplant were used as control. RESULTS Significantly increased ascorbic acid levels were determined in patients with CHED (605.6 ± 158.9 μM) compared with those in controls (190.5 ± 74.72 μM). However, a trend toward reduced level of glutathione was detected in patients with CHED compared with that in the controls. Increased glutathione peroxidase 1 staining and reduced expression of catalase was detected in corneal tissues of patients with CHED compared with those in control corneal tissues. There was no apparent changes observed in the expression of superoxide dismutase in the corneal sections obtained from patients with CHED. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to determine the levels of ascorbic acid and glutathione in AH of patients with CHED. Our data suggest the presence of oxidative stress in CHED that might be responsible for the pathological changes in patients with CHED.
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15
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Brand MD. Riding the tiger - physiological and pathological effects of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide generated in the mitochondrial matrix. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 55:592-661. [PMID: 33148057 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2020.1828258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Elevated mitochondrial matrix superoxide and/or hydrogen peroxide concentrations drive a wide range of physiological responses and pathologies. Concentrations of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in the mitochondrial matrix are set mainly by rates of production, the activities of superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2) and peroxiredoxin-3 (PRDX3), and by diffusion of hydrogen peroxide to the cytosol. These considerations can be used to generate criteria for assessing whether changes in matrix superoxide or hydrogen peroxide are both necessary and sufficient to drive redox signaling and pathology: is a phenotype affected by suppressing superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production; by manipulating the levels of SOD2, PRDX3 or mitochondria-targeted catalase; and by adding mitochondria-targeted SOD/catalase mimetics or mitochondria-targeted antioxidants? Is the pathology associated with variants in SOD2 and PRDX3 genes? Filtering the large literature on mitochondrial redox signaling using these criteria highlights considerable evidence that mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide drive physiological responses involved in cellular stress management, including apoptosis, autophagy, propagation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, cellular senescence, HIF1α signaling, and immune responses. They also affect cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and the cell cycle. Filtering the huge literature on pathologies highlights strong experimental evidence that 30-40 pathologies may be driven by mitochondrial matrix superoxide or hydrogen peroxide. These can be grouped into overlapping and interacting categories: metabolic, cardiovascular, inflammatory, and neurological diseases; cancer; ischemia/reperfusion injury; aging and its diseases; external insults, and genetic diseases. Understanding the involvement of mitochondrial matrix superoxide and hydrogen peroxide concentrations in these diseases can facilitate the rational development of appropriate therapies.
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16
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Buday K, Conrad M. Emerging roles for non-selenium containing ER-resident glutathione peroxidases in cell signaling and disease. Biol Chem 2020; 402:271-287. [PMID: 33055310 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of cellular redox control is pivotal for normal cellular functions and cell fate decisions including cell death. Among the key cellular redox systems in mammals, the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) family of proteins is the largest conferring multifaceted functions and affecting virtually all cellular processes. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident GPXs, designated as GPX7 and GPX8, are the most recently added members of this family of enzymes. Recent studies have provided exciting insights how both enzymes support critical processes of the ER including oxidative protein folding, maintenance of ER redox control by eliminating H2O2, and preventing palmitic acid-induced lipotoxicity. Consequently, numerous pathological conditions, such as neurodegeneration, cancer and metabolic diseases have been linked with altered GPX7 and GPX8 expression. Studies in mice have demonstrated that loss of GPX7 leads to increased differentiation of preadipocytes, increased tumorigenesis and shortened lifespan. By contrast, GPX8 deficiency in mice results in enhanced caspase-4/11 activation and increased endotoxic shock in colitis model. With the increasing recognition that both types of enzymes are dysregulated in various tumor entities in man, we deem a review of the emerging roles played by GPX7 and GPX8 in health and disease development timely and appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Buday
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764Neuherberg, Germany.,National Research Medical University, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Ostrovityanova 1, 117997Moscow, Russia
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17
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Pisoschi AM, Pop A, Iordache F, Stanca L, Predoi G, Serban AI. Oxidative stress mitigation by antioxidants - An overview on their chemistry and influences on health status. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112891. [PMID: 33032084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The present review paper focuses on the chemistry of oxidative stress mitigation by antioxidants. Oxidative stress is understood as a lack of balance between the pro-oxidant and the antioxidant species. Reactive oxygen species in limited amounts are necessary for cell homeostasis and redox signaling. Excessive reactive oxygenated/nitrogenated species production, which counteracts the organism's defense systems, is known as oxidative stress. Sustained attack of endogenous and exogenous ROS results in conformational and oxidative alterations in key biomolecules. Chronic oxidative stress is associated with oxidative modifications occurring in key biomolecules: lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, carbonyl (aldehyde/ketone) adduct formation, nitration, sulfoxidation, DNA impairment such strand breaks or nucleobase oxidation. Oxidative stress is tightly linked to the development of cancer, diabetes, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, kidney disease, eye disease. The deleterious action of reactive oxygenated species and their role in the onset and progression of pathologies are discussed. The results of oxidative attack become themselves sources of oxidative stress, becoming part of a vicious cycle that amplifies oxidative impairment. The term antioxidant refers to a compound that is able to impede or retard oxidation, acting at a lower concentration compared to that of the protected substrate. Antioxidant intervention against the radicalic lipid peroxidation can involve different mechanisms. Chain breaking antioxidants are called primary antioxidants, acting by scavenging radical species, converting them into more stable radicals or non-radical species. Secondary antioxidants quench singlet oxygen, decompose peroxides, chelate prooxidative metal ions, inhibit oxidative enzymes. Moreover, four reactivity-based lines of defense have been identified: preventative antioxidants, radical scavengers, repair antioxidants, and those relying on adaptation mechanisms. The specific mechanism of a series of endogenous and exogenous antioxidants in particular aspects of oxidative stress, is detailed. The final section resumes critical conclusions regarding antioxidant supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelia Magdalena Pisoschi
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Aneta Pop
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florin Iordache
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Loredana Stanca
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriel Predoi
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Iren Serban
- University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097, Bucharest, Romania
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18
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Sun Q, Yang Y, Wang Z, Yang X, Gao Y, Zhao Y, Ge W, Liu J, Xu X, Guan W, Weng D, Wang S, Wang J, Zhang J. PER1 interaction with GPX1 regulates metabolic homeostasis under oxidative stress. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101694. [PMID: 32896721 PMCID: PMC7484554 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism serves mammalian feeding and active behavior, and is controlled by circadian clock. The molecular mechanism by which clock factors regulate metabolic homeostasis under oxidative stress is unclear. Here, we have characterized that the daily oxygen consumption rhythm was deregulated in Per1 deficient mice. Per1 deficiency impaired daily mitochondrial dynamics and deregulated cellular GPx-related ROS fluctuations in the peripheral organs. We identified that PER1 enhanced GPx activity through PER1/GPX1 interaction in cytoplasm, consequently improving the oxidative phosphorylation efficiency of mitochondria. Per1 expression was specifically elevated in the fasting peripheral organs for protecting mitochondrial from oxidation stress. These observations reveal that Per1-driven mitochondrial dynamics is a critical effector mechanism for the regulation of mitochondrial function in response to oxidation stress. PER1 regulates daily metabolic rhythm uncoupled from feeding oscillations. Per1 deficiency impairs mitochondrial dynamics and deregulates ROS fluctuations. PER1 interactions with GPX1 and increases mitochondrial ROS clearance. Fasting elevates Per1 expression to protect mitochondrial from oxidation stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Yunxia Yang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Zhongqiu Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Wenhao Ge
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Junhao Liu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Wei Guan
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210003, China
| | - Dan Weng
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Shiming Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Junsong Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Jianfa Zhang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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The Interaction between Dietary Selenium Intake and Genetics in Determining Cancer Risk and Outcome. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082424. [PMID: 32806741 PMCID: PMC7468715 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is considerable interest in the trace element selenium as a possible cancer chemopreventive dietary component, but supplementation trials have not indicated a clear benefit. Selenium is a critical component of selenium-containing proteins, or selenoproteins. Members of this protein family contain selenium in the form of selenocysteine. Selenocysteine is encoded by an in-frame UGA codon recognized as a selenocysteine codon by a regulatory element, the selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS), in the 3′-untranslated region of selenoprotein mRNAs. Epidemiological studies have implicated several selenoprotein genes in cancer risk or outcome based on associations between allelic variations and disease risk or mortality. These polymorphisms can be found in or near the SECIS or in the selenoprotein coding sequence. These variations both function to control protein synthesis and impact the efficiency of protein synthesis in response to the levels of available selenium. Thus, an individual’s genetic makeup and nutritional intake of selenium may interact to predispose them to acquiring cancer or affect cancer progression to lethality.
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20
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Curcumin Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112702. [PMID: 31717261 PMCID: PMC6893521 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The cause of progression to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is not fully understood. In the present study, we aimed to investigate how curcumin, a natural phytopolyphenol pigment, ameliorates NAFLD. Initially, we demonstrated that curcumin dramatically suppresses fat accumulation and hepatic injury induced in methionine and choline-deficient (MCD) diet mice. The severity of hepatic inflammation was alleviated by curcumin treatment. To identify the proteins involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, we also characterized the hepatic proteome in MCD diet mice. As a result of two-dimensional proteomic analysis, it was confirmed that thirteen proteins including antioxidant protein were differentially expressed in hepatic steatosis. However, the difference in expression was markedly improved by curcumin treatment. Interestingly, eight of the identified proteins are known to undergo O-GlcNAcylation modification. Thus, we further focused on elucidating how the regulation of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification is associated with the progression of hepatic steatosis leading to hepatitis in MCD diet mice. In parallel with lipid accumulation and inflammation, the MCD diet significantly up-regulated hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) via ER stress. Curcumin treatment alleviates the severity of hepatic steatosis by relieving the dependence of O-GlcNAcylation on nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in inflammation signaling. Conversely, the expressions of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and SIRT1 were significantly upregulated by curcumin treatment. In conclusion, curcumin inhibits O-GlcNAcylation pathway, leading to antioxidant responses in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mice. Therefore, curcumin will be a promising therapeutic agent for diseases involving hyper-O-GlcNAcylation, including cancer.
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21
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Azat Aziz M, Shehab Diab A, Abdulrazak Mohammed A. Antioxidant Categories and Mode of Action. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.83544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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22
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Oxidative stress injury in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Toxicol Lett 2019; 307:41-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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23
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Zanetti TA, Biazi BI, Baranoski A, D'Epiro GFR, Corveloni AC, Semprebon SC, Coatti GC, Mantovani MS. Response of HepG2/C3A cells supplemented with sodium selenite to hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 50:209-215. [PMID: 30262281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is involved in the onset of various pathological processes, and sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) is known to have antioxidant activity. This study evaluated the cellular response of human HepG2/C3A cells supplemented with Na2SeO3 when exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced OS. We analyzed cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, and genotoxicity in comparison with molecular data of mRNA and protein expression. The MTT and comet assays revealed that Na2SeO3 conferred cytoprotective and anti-genotoxic effects. In contrast, RTCA (Real-Time Cell Analysis) and flow cytometry analysis revealed that Na2SeO3 did not inhibit H2O2-induced anti-proliferative effects or cell cycle arrest (G2/M). Cells exposed simultaneously to Na2SeO3 and H2O2 showed overexpression of GPX1 mRNA, indicating that Na2SeO3 influenced the cellular antioxidant system. Furthermore, downregulation of CAT mRNA and SOD1 and PRX2 proteins induced by H2O2, was minimal after the Na2SeO3+H2O2 treatment. Although normalization of CCN2B mRNA expression by Na2SeO3 was observed after the Na2SeO3+H2O2 treatment, this was not observed for other genes such as CDKN1A, CDKN1C, and CDKN2B, which are related to cell cycle control, nor for GADD45A, which is involved in the cellular response to DNA damage. Furthermore, both CDKN1B and CDKN1C expression were downregulated in HepG2/C3A cells treated with Na2SeO3 only. Our results indicate that cellular response to Na2SeO3 involved the modulation of the antioxidant system. Na2SeO3 was unable completely recover HepG2/C3A cells from H2O2-induced oxidative damage, as evidenced by analysis of cell proliferation kinetics, cell cycle assay, and expression of key genes involved in cell cycle progression and response to DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalita Alves Zanetti
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Isabela Biazi
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Adrivanio Baranoski
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gláucia Fernanda Rocha D'Epiro
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Amanda Cristina Corveloni
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Simone Cristine Semprebon
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Giuliana Castello Coatti
- Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center. Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo - USP, Rua do Matão - Travessa 13, n. 106, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mário Sérgio Mantovani
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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24
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Crestini A, Vona R, Lo Giudice M, Sbriccoli M, Piscopo P, Borrelli A, Rivabene R, Ricceri L, Mancini A, Confaloni A. Differentiation-Dependent Effects of a New Recombinant Manganese Superoxide Dismutase on Human SK-N-BE Neuron-Like Cells. Neurochem Res 2018; 44:400-411. [PMID: 30471001 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2686-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have recently isolated a new isoform of recombinant manganese superoxide dismutase (rMnSOD) which provides a potent antitumor activity and strongly counteracts the occurrence of oxidative stress and tissue inflammation. This isoform, in addition to the enzymatic action common to all SODs, also shows special functional and structural properties, essentially due to the presence of a first leader peptide that allows the protein to enter easily into cells. Among endogenous antioxidants, SOD constitutes the first line of natural defence against pathological effects induced by an excess of free radicals. Here, we firstly describe the effects of our rMnSOD administration on the proliferant and malignant undifferentiated human neuroblastoma SK-N-BE cell line. Moreover, we also test the effects of rMnSOD in the all trans retinoic-differentiated SK-N-BE neuron-like cells, a quiescent "not malignant" model. While rMnSOD showed an antitumor activity on proliferating cells, a poor sensitivity to rMnSOD overload in retinoid-differentiated neuron-like cells was observed. However, in the latter case, in presence of experimental-induced oxidative stress, overcharge of rMnSOD enhanced the oxidant effects, through an increase of H2O2 due to low activity of both catalase and glutathione peroxidase. In conclusion, our data show that rMnSOD treatment exerts differential effects, which depend upon both cell differentiation and redox balance, addressing attention to the potential use of the recombinant enzyme on differentiated neurons. These facts ultimately pave the way for further preclinical studies aimed at evaluation of rMnSOD effects in models of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Crestini
- Department of Neuroscience, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Vona
- Biomarkers Unit, Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Lo Giudice
- Department of Neuroscience, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Sbriccoli
- Department of Neuroscience, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Piscopo
- Department of Neuroscience, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Borrelli
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, "Fondazione G. Pascale", IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Rivabene
- Department of Neuroscience, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Ricceri
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Mancini
- Leadhexa Biotechnologies Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Annamaria Confaloni
- Department of Neuroscience, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy.
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25
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Huang JQ, Zhou JC, Wu YY, Ren FZ, Lei XG. Role of glutathione peroxidase 1 in glucose and lipid metabolism-related diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 127:108-115. [PMID: 29800654 PMCID: PMC6168395 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) is a selenium-dependent enzyme that reduces intracellular hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxides. While past research explored regulations of gene expression and biochemical function of this selenoperoxidase, GPX1 has recently been implicated in the onset and development of chronic diseases. Clinical data have shown associations of human GPX1 gene variants with elevated risks of diabetes. Knockout and overexpression of Gpx1 in mice may induce types 1 and 2 diabetes-like phenotypes, respectively. This review assembles the latest advances in this new field of selenium biology, and attempts to postulate signal and molecular mechanisms mediating the role of GPX1 in glucose and lipid metabolism-related diseases. Potential therapies by harnessing the beneficial effects of this ubiquitous redox-modulating enzyme are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qiang Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, China
| | - Ji-Chang Zhou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518100, China; Molecular Biology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fa-Zheng Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, China
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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26
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Mai HN, Jung TW, Kim DJ, Sharma G, Sharma N, Shin EJ, Jang CG, Nah SY, Lee SH, Chung YH, Lei XG, Jeong JH, Kim HC. Protective potential of glutathione peroxidase-1 gene against cocaine-induced acute hepatotoxic consequences in mice. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 38:1502-1520. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huynh Nhu Mai
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy; Kangwon National University; Chunchon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woo Jung
- Research Administration Team; Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Seongnam 13620 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Joong Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical School; Kangwon National University; Chunchon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Garima Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy; Kangwon National University; Chunchon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy; Kangwon National University; Chunchon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Shin
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy; Kangwon National University; Chunchon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Gon Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Konkuk University; Seoul 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy; Chung-Ang University; Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Chung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine; Chung-Ang University; Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science; Cornell University; Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine; Chung-Ang University; Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy; Kangwon National University; Chunchon 24341 Republic of Korea
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Valencia AM, Abrantes MA, Hasan J, Aranda JV, Beharry KD. Reactive Oxygen Species, Biomarkers of Microvascular Maturation and Alveolarization, and Antioxidants in Oxidative Lung Injury. REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES (APEX, N.C.) 2018; 6:373-388. [PMID: 30533532 DOI: 10.20455/ros.2018.867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The lungs of extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGANs) are deficient in pulmonary surfactant and are incapable of efficient gas exchange necessary for successful transition from a hypoxic intrauterine environment to ambient air. To improve gas exchange and survival, ELGANs often receive supplemental oxygen with mechanical ventilation which disrupts normal lung developmental processes, including microvascular maturation and alveolarization. Factors that regulate these developmental processes include vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinases, both of which are influenced by generation of oxygen byproducts, or reactive oxygen species (ROS). ELGANs are also deficient in antioxidants necessary to scavenge excessive ROS. Thus, the accumulation of ROS in the preterm lungs exposed to prolonged hyperoxia, results in inflammation and development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a form of chronic lung disease (CLD). Despite advances in neonatal care, BPD/CLD remains a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The underlying mechanisms are not completely understood, and the benefits of current therapeutic interventions are limited. The association between ROS and biomarkers of microvascular maturation and alveolarization, as well as antioxidant therapies in the setting of hyperoxia-induced neonatal lung injury are reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwin M Valencia
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Saddleback Memorial Hospital, Laguna Hills, CA 92653, USA
| | - Maria A Abrantes
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Kaiser Permanente, Anaheim, CA 92806, USA
| | - Jamal Hasan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Miller's Children's and Women's Hospital, Long Beach, CA 90806, USA
| | - Jacob V Aranda
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Kay D Beharry
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
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28
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Xie X, Chen M, Zhu A. Identification and characterization of two selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase 1 isoforms from Larimichthys crocea. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 71:411-422. [PMID: 28964863 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidases, a vital family of antioxidant enzymes in oxybiotic organisms, are involved in anti-pathogen immune response. In this study, two complete selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase 1 cDNAs (designated as LcGPx1a and LcGPx1b) were obtained from the large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The full-length sequence of LcGPx1a was 917 bp with a 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of 52 bp, a 3'-UTR of 289 bp, and an open reading frame of 576 bp encoding 191 amino acid (aa) polypeptides. The cDNA of LcGPx1b was composed of 884 bp with a 5'-UTR of 59 bp, a 3'-UTR of 258 bp, and an open reading frame of 567 bp encoding 188 aa polypeptides. The conserved selenocysteine insertion sequence was detected in the 3'-UTR of both isoforms, which can classify types I and II. Protein sequence analysis revealed that both isoforms included a selenocysteine encoded by an opal codon (TGA) and formed the functioning tetrad site with glutamine, tryptophan, and asparagine. Three conservative motifs, including one active site motif ("GKVVLIENVASLUGTT") and two signature site motifs ("LVILGVPCNQFGHQENC" and "V(A/S)WNFEKFLI"), were conserved both in sequence and location. Multiple alignments revealed that they exhibited a high level of identities with GPx1 from other organisms, especially in the abovementioned conserved amino acid sequence motifs. Tissue expression analysis indicated that LcGPx1a and LcGPx1b had a wide distribution in nine tissues with various abundances. The transcript level of LcGPx1a was not significantly different among the nine tissues, whereas that of LcGPx1b was higher in the kidney and head kidney than in the other tissues. After Vibrio parahaemolyticus stimulation, the expression levels of LcGPx1a and LcGPx1b were unanimously altered in the liver, spleen, kidney, and head kidney but with different magnitudes and response time. LcGPx1a and LcGPx1b showed distinct expression trends in the liver, where LcGPx1b was induced and LcGPx1a was depressed in response to pathogen infection. These results indicate that LcGPx1a and LcGPx1b display functional diversities and play crucial roles in mediating the immune response of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoze Xie
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Mengnan Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Aiyi Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
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29
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Duran-Ortiz S, Brittain AL, Kopchick JJ. The impact of growth hormone on proteomic profiles: a review of mouse and adult human studies. Clin Proteomics 2017; 14:24. [PMID: 28670222 PMCID: PMC5492507 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-017-9160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) is a protein that is known to stimulate postnatal growth, counter regulate insulin's action and induce expression of insulin-like growth factor-1. GH exerts anabolic or catabolic effects depending upon on the targeted tissue. For instance, GH increases skeletal muscle and decreases adipose tissue mass. Our laboratory has spent the past two decades studying these effects, including the effects of GH excess and depletion, on the proteome of several mouse and human tissues. This review first discusses proteomic techniques that are commonly used for these types of studies. We then examine the proteomic differences found in mice with excess circulating GH (bGH mice) or mice with disruption of the GH receptor gene (GHR-/-). We also describe the effects of increased and decreased GH action on the proteome of adult patients with either acromegaly, GH deficiency or patients after short-term GH treatment. Finally, we explain how these proteomic studies resulted in the discovery of potential biomarkers for GH action, particularly those related with the effects of GH on aging, glucose metabolism and body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Duran-Ortiz
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA
| | - Alison L Brittain
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701 USA
| | - John J Kopchick
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701 USA
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30
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Cai C, Aranda JV, Valencia GB, Xu J, Beharry KD. Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia Causes Lipid Peroxidation and Altered Phase 1 Drug Metabolizing Enzymes in the Neonatal Rat Liver. REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES (APEX, N.C.) 2017; 3:218-236. [PMID: 29806035 PMCID: PMC5967640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Critically ill preterm neonates requiring oxygen therapy often experience frequent apneas with intermittent hypoxia (IH). IH-induced oxidative stress causes lipid peroxidation, which targets the liver and contributes to toxic drug reactions. We tested the hypothesis that incremental IH episodes induce oxidative damage in the neonatal liver and alter the expression of genes that regulate drug metabolism. Newborn rats were exposed to increasing IH episodes (12% O2) during hyperoxia (50% O2), or placed in room air (RA) until postnatal day 21 (P21) for recovery from IH (IHR). RA littermates served as controls, and pups exposed to 50% O2 served as hyperoxia controls. Hepatic histopathology, biomarkers of oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage, antioxidants, and expression of genes that regulate drug metabolism were assessed. Oxidative stress and DNA damage, evidenced by 8-isoprostaglandin F2α (8-isoPGF2α) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), respectively, increased as a function of IH episodes, and was associated with decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increased catalase activities. Pathological changes including cellular swelling, steatosis, necrosis, and focal sinusoid congestion were seen in IH, but not in IHR. Similarly, IH was associated with upregulation of several genes involved in DNA repair, which were downregulated during IHR. Of the genes involved in drug metabolism, aldehyde dehydrogenases (involved in lipid peroxidation) and cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes of the 2C family (involved in oxidative stress) were robustly upregulated both in IH and in IHR. Hepatic oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation occurring in response to chronic IH have implications for preterm infants, and may explain, in part, the pharmacokinetic variations and drug toxicities in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Jacob V Aranda
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
- SUNY Eye Institute, New York, NY 13202, USA
| | - Gloria B Valencia
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Jiliu Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Kay D Beharry
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
- SUNY Eye Institute, New York, NY 13202, USA
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31
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Baek JY, Park S, Park J, Jang JY, Wang SB, Kim SR, Woo HA, Lim KM, Chang TS. Protective Role of Mitochondrial Peroxiredoxin III against UVB-Induced Apoptosis of Epidermal Keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:1333-1342. [PMID: 28202400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
UVB light induces generation of reactive oxygen species, ultimately leading to skin cell damage. Mitochondria are a major source of reactive oxygen species in UVB-irradiated skin cells, with increased levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species having been implicated in keratinocyte apoptosis. Peroxiredoxin III (PrxIII) is the most abundant and potent H2O2-removing enzyme in the mitochondria of most cell types. Here, the protective role of PrxIII against UVB-induced apoptosis of epidermal keratinocytes was investigated. Mitochondrial H2O2 levels were differentiated from other types of ROS using mitochondria-specific fluorescent H2O2 indicators. Upon UVB irradiation, PrxIII-knockdown HaCaT human keratinocytes and PrxIII-deficient (PrxIII-/-) mouse primary keratinocytes exhibited enhanced accumulation of mitochondrial H2O2 compared with PrxIII-expressing controls. Keratinocytes lacking PrxIII were subsequently sensitized to apoptosis through mitochondrial membrane potential loss, cardiolipin oxidation, cytochrome c release, and caspase activation. Increased UVB-induced epidermal tissue damage in PrxIII-/- mice was attributable to increased caspase-dependent keratinocyte apoptosis. Our findings show that mitochondrial H2O2 is a key mediator in UVB-induced apoptosis of keratinocytes and that PrxIII plays a critical role in protecting epidermal keratinocytes against UVB-induced apoptosis through eliminating mitochondrial H2O2. These findings support the concept that reinforcing mitochondrial PrxIII defenses may help prevent UVB-induced skin damage such as inflammation, sunburn, and photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Baek
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yong Jang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Wang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin Ri Kim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ae Woo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Lim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tong-Shin Chang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Abstract
Mitochondria were first postulated to contribute to aging more than 40 years ago. During the following decades, multiple lines of evidence in model organisms and humans showed that impaired mitochondrial function can contribute to age-associated disease phenotypes and aging. However, in contrast to the original theory favoring oxidative damage as a cause for mtDNA mutations, there are now strong data arguing that most mammalian mtDNA mutations originate as replication errors made by the mtDNA polymerase. Currently, a substantial amount of mitochondrial research is focused on finding ways to either remove or counteract the effects of mtDNA mutations with the hope of extending the human health- and lifespan. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the formation of mtDNA mutations and their impact on mitochondrial function. We also critically discuss proposed pathways interlinked with mammalian mtDNA mutations and suggest future research strategies to elucidate the role of mtDNA mutations in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo E S Kauppila
- Department of Mitochondrial Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Johanna H K Kauppila
- Department of Mitochondrial Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Nils-Göran Larsson
- Department of Mitochondrial Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, D-50931 Cologne, Germany; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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33
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Hwang JW, Cheong SH, Kim YS, Lee JW, You BI, Moon SH, Jeon BT, Park PJ. Effects of dietary supplementation of oriental herbal medicine residue and methyl sulfonyl methane on the growth performance and meat quality of ducks. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/an15134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine the effect of supplementation with oriental herbal medicine residue (OHMR) and methyl sulfonyl methane (MSM) on the growth performance and meat quality of ducks during a 42-day feeding period. In total, 270 Cherry Valley male ducklings were fed diets supplemented with 0.03% MSM alone (MSM group) and with a combination of 0.03% MSM and 0.5% OHMR (MSM–OHMR group). Supplementing the diet with a combination of OHMR and MSM resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the mortality rate and serum total cholesterol concentration, and in an increase in the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in duck breast muscle (Musculus pectoralis) by 3 and 6 weeks. Moreover, MSM–OHMR as well as MSM alone affected meat quality of ducks by increasing the concentrations of crude protein and sulfur content, and water-holding capacity, and by decreasing percentage moisture loss and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances during cold storage. Significant differences were detected in concentrations of total unsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids, which were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the MSM–OHMR group. These results suggest that diets containing MSM and OHMR possessing free-radical scavenging activities, such as for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and alkyl radicals, may beneficially affect growth performance and meat quality in ducks.
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34
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Beharry KD, Cai CL, Valencia GB, Valencia AM, Lazzaro DR, Bany-Mohammed F, Aranda JV. Neonatal Intermittent Hypoxia, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy. REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES (APEX, N.C.) 2017; 3:12-25. [PMID: 29951586 DOI: 10.20455/ros.2017.805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Most of the major morbidities in the preterm newborn are caused by or are associated with oxygen-induced injuries and are aptly called "oxygen radical diseases in neonatology or ORDIN". These include bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, periventricular leukomalacia, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis and others. Relative hyperoxia immediately after birth, immature antioxidant systems, biomolecular events favoring oxidative stress such as iron availability and the role of hydrogen peroxide as a key molecular mediator of these events are reviewed. Potential therapeutic strategies such as caffeine, antioxidants, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and others targeted to these critical sites may help prevent oxidative radical diseases in the newborn resulting in improved neonatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay D Beharry
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.,State University of New York Eye Institute, New York, NY 10075, USA
| | - Charles L Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Gloria B Valencia
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Arwin M Valencia
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Summerlin Hospital Medical Center, Valley Healthcare System, Las Vegas, NV 89135, USA
| | - Douglas R Lazzaro
- Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.,State University of New York Eye Institute, New York, NY 10075, USA
| | - Fayez Bany-Mohammed
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Jacob V Aranda
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.,State University of New York Eye Institute, New York, NY 10075, USA
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35
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Mitochondria and Cardiac Hypertrophy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 982:203-226. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55330-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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36
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Haas JT, Staels B. An oxidative stress paradox: time for a conceptual change? Diabetologia 2016; 59:2514-2517. [PMID: 27695900 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4117-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has long been considered a key driving factor of many obesity-related health problems. However, recent work by Merry, Tran et al (Diabetologia DOI 10.1007/s00125-016-4084-3 ) challenges this idea with an interesting study using a hepatocyte-specific Gpx1-knockout (HGKO) mouse. GPX1 is an important detoxification enzyme that converts H2O2 to water. The authors found that high-fat diet-fed HGKO mice were more insulin sensitive than wildtype controls, despite elevated hepatic levels of H2O2 and evidence of increased systemic oxidative stress. When challenged with a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-inducing diet, HGKO mice were also protected, displaying reduced levels of inflammation and fibrosis with similar levels of steatosis compared with controls. These findings call into question the role of reactive oxygen species in NASH pathogenesis and highlight a potential paradox whereby increased H2O2 may be beneficial in some contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel T Haas
- Université de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), U1011, Lille, France
- U1011, Inserm, Lille, France
- Department of Biology, Pathology and Genetics, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- U1011, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Bart Staels
- Université de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), U1011, Lille, France.
- U1011, Inserm, Lille, France.
- Department of Biology, Pathology and Genetics, CHU Lille, Lille, France.
- U1011, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, 59000, Lille, France.
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37
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Lucas AM, Caldas FR, da Silva AP, Ventura MM, Leite IM, Filgueiras AB, Silva CGL, Kowaltowski AJ, Facundo HT. Diazoxide prevents reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial damage, leading to anti-hypertrophic effects. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 261:50-55. [PMID: 27867086 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by wall thickening or chamber enlargement of the heart in response to pressure or volume overload, respectively. This condition will, initially, improve the organ contractile function, but if sustained will render dysfunctional mitochondria and oxidative stress. Mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channels (mitoKATP) modulate the redox status of the cell and protect against several cardiac insults. Here, we tested the hypothesis that mitoKATP opening (using diazoxide) will avoid isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy in vivo by decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial Ca2+-induced swelling. To induce cardiac hypertrophy, Swiss mice were treated intraperitoneally with isoproterenol (30 mg/kg/day) for 8 days. Diazoxide (5 mg/kg/day) was used to open mitoKATP and 5-hydroxydecanoate (5 mg/kg/day) was administrated as a mitoKATP blocker. Isoproterenol-treated mice had elevated heart weight/tibia length ratios and increased myocyte cross-sectional areas. Additionally, hypertrophic hearts produced higher levels of H2O2 and had lower glutathione peroxidase activity. In contrast, mitoKATP opening with diazoxide blocked all isoproterenol effects in a manner reversed by 5-hydroxydecanoate. Isolated mitochondria from Isoproterenol-induced hypertrophic hearts had increased susceptibility to Ca2+-induced swelling secondary to mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. MitokATP opening was accompanied by lower Ca2+-induced mitochondrial swelling, an effect blocked by 5-hydroxydecanoate. Our results suggest that mitoKATP opening negatively regulates cardiac hypertrophy by avoiding oxidative impairment and mitochondrial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline M Lucas
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Cariri, Barbalha, CE, Brazil
| | - Francisco R Caldas
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Cariri, Barbalha, CE, Brazil
| | - Amanda P da Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Cariri, Barbalha, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Iago M Leite
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Cariri, Barbalha, CE, Brazil
| | - Ana B Filgueiras
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Cariri, Barbalha, CE, Brazil
| | - Claúdio G L Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Cariri, Barbalha, CE, Brazil
| | - Alicia J Kowaltowski
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heberty T Facundo
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Cariri, Barbalha, CE, Brazil.
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Mowry AV, Kavazis AN, Sirman AE, Potts WK, Hood WR. Reproduction Does Not Adversely Affect Liver Mitochondrial Respiratory Function but Results in Lipid Peroxidation and Increased Antioxidants in House Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160883. [PMID: 27537547 PMCID: PMC4990174 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproduction is thought to come at a cost to longevity. Based on the assumption that increased energy expenditure during reproduction is associated with increased free-radical production by mitochondria, oxidative damage has been suggested to drive this trade-off. We examined the impact of reproduction on liver mitochondrial function by utilizing post-reproductive and non-reproductive house mice (Mus musculus) living under semi-natural conditions. The age-matched post-reproductive and non-reproductive groups were compared after the reproductive females returned to a non-reproductive state, so that both groups were in the same physiological state at the time the liver was collected. Despite increased oxidative damage (p = 0.05) and elevated CuZnSOD (p = 0.002) and catalase (p = 0.04) protein levels, reproduction had no negative impacts on the respiratory function of liver mitochondria. Specifically, in a post-reproductive, maintenance state the mitochondrial coupling (i.e., respiratory control ratio) of mouse livers show no negative impacts of reproduction. In fact, there was a trend (p = 0.059) to suggest increased maximal oxygen consumption by liver mitochondria during the ADP stimulated state (i.e., state 3) in post-reproduction. These findings suggest that oxidative damage may not impair mitochondrial respiratory function and question the role of mitochondria in the trade-off between reproduction and longevity. In addition, the findings highlight the importance of quantifying the respiratory function of mitochondria in addition to measuring oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelise V. Mowry
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Andreas N. Kavazis
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Aubrey E. Sirman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Wayne K. Potts
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Wendy R. Hood
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Innate-like functions of natural killer T cell subsets result from highly divergent gene programs. Nat Immunol 2016; 17:728-39. [PMID: 27089380 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer T cells (NKT cells) have stimulatory or inhibitory effects on the immune response that can be attributed in part to the existence of functional subsets of NKT cells. These subsets have been characterized only on the basis of the differential expression of a few transcription factors and cell-surface molecules. Here we have analyzed purified populations of thymic NKT cell subsets at both the transcriptomic level and epigenomic level and by single-cell RNA sequencing. Our data indicated that despite their similar antigen specificity, the functional NKT cell subsets were highly divergent populations with many gene-expression and epigenetic differences. Therefore, the thymus 'imprints' distinct gene programs on subsets of innate-like NKT cells that probably impart differences in proliferative capacity, homing, and effector functions.
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Cammarota F, Fiscardi F, Esposito T, de Vita G, Salvatore M, Laukkanen MO. Clinical relevance of thyroid cell models in redox research. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:113. [PMID: 26664298 PMCID: PMC4673788 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-015-0264-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid-derived cell models are commonly used to investigate the characteristics of thyroid cancers. It is noteworthy that each in vitro single cell model system imitates only a few characteristics of thyroid cancer depending on e.g. source of cells or oncogene used to transform the cells. Methods In the current work we utilized rat thyroid cancer cell models
to determine their clinical relevance in redox gene studies by comparing in vitro expression data to thyroid Oncomine microarray database. To survey the cell lines we analyzed mRNA expression of genes that produce superoxide anion (nox family), genes that catalyze destruction of superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide (sod family), and genes that remove hydrogen peroxide from cellular environment (catalase, gpx family and prdx family). Results Based on the current results, rat thyroid PC Cl3, PC PTC1, PC E1A, or FRLT5 cell models can be used to study NOX2, NOX4, SOD2, SOD3, CATALASE, GPX1, GPX2, GPX5, PRDX2, and PRDX3 gene expression and function. Conclusions Redox gene expression in rat originated single cell model systems used to study human thyroid carcinogenesis corresponds only partly with human redox gene expression, which may be caused by differences in redox gene activation stimulus. The data suggest careful estimation of the data observed in rat thyroid in vitro models. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12935-015-0264-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gabriella de Vita
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80014 Naples, Italy
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Lee SJ, Kim HJ, Cheong SH, Kim YS, Kim SE, Hwang JW, Lee JS, Moon SH, Jeon BT, Park PJ. Antioxidative effect of recombinant ice-binding protein (rLeIBP) from Arctic yeast Glaciozyma sp. on lipid peroxidation of Korean beef. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Liemburg-Apers DC, Willems PHGM, Koopman WJH, Grefte S. Interactions between mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and cellular glucose metabolism. Arch Toxicol 2015; 89:1209-26. [PMID: 26047665 PMCID: PMC4508370 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1520-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and detoxification are tightly balanced. Shifting this balance enables ROS to activate intracellular signaling and/or induce cellular damage and cell death. Increased mitochondrial ROS production is observed in a number of pathological conditions characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction. One important hallmark of these diseases is enhanced glycolytic activity and low or impaired oxidative phosphorylation. This suggests that ROS is involved in glycolysis (dys)regulation and vice versa. Here we focus on the bidirectional link between ROS and the regulation of glucose metabolism. To this end, we provide a basic introduction into mitochondrial energy metabolism, ROS generation and redox homeostasis. Next, we discuss the interactions between cellular glucose metabolism and ROS. ROS-stimulated cellular glucose uptake can stimulate both ROS production and scavenging. When glucose-stimulated ROS production, leading to further glucose uptake, is not adequately counterbalanced by (glucose-stimulated) ROS scavenging systems, a toxic cycle is triggered, ultimately leading to cell death. Here we inventoried the various cellular regulatory mechanisms and negative feedback loops that prevent this cycle from occurring. It is concluded that more insight in these processes is required to understand why they are (un)able to prevent excessive ROS production during various pathological conditions in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania C. Liemburg-Apers
- />Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center (RUMC), P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H. G. M. Willems
- />Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center (RUMC), P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Werner J. H. Koopman
- />Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center (RUMC), P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Grefte
- />Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center (RUMC), P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- />Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands
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The subcellular location of selenoproteins and the impact on their function. Nutrients 2015; 7:3938-48. [PMID: 26007340 PMCID: PMC4446787 DOI: 10.3390/nu7053938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Most human selenium containing proteins contain selenium in the form of the amino acid selenocysteine, which is encoded in the corresponding mRNA as a UGA codon. Only a few non-selenocysteine containing selenoproteins are present and the nature of the association with selenium is not well understood. This review focuses on two selenocysteine-containing proteins that are members of the glutathione peroxidase family, GPx-1 and GPx-4, and the selenium-associated protein referred to as Selenium Binding Protein 1. Each of these proteins have been described to reside in two or more cellular compartments, and in the case of GPx-1 and SBP1, interact with each other. The enzymatic activity of GPx-1 and GPx-4 have been well described, but it is less clear how their cellular location impacts the health related phenotypes associated with activities, while no catalytic function is assigned to SBP1. The distribution of these proteins is presented as is the possible consequences of that compartmentalization.
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Alonso C, Rubio L, Touriño S, Martí M, Barba C, Fernández-Campos F, Coderch L, Parra JL. Antioxidative effects and percutaneous absorption of five polyphenols. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 75:149-55. [PMID: 25041725 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A new strategy was designed to evaluate the antioxidant effectiveness of five topically applied polyphenols following skin penetration profiles. The antioxidants were the following polyphenol derivatives: epicatechin, resveratrol, rutin, quercetin, and trolox, which was used as the reference antioxidant. The hydrophilic/lipophilic character of these compounds was evaluated, and their antioxidant activity was measured by the DPPH method. The percutaneous absorption of these polyphenols was obtained by an in vitro methodology using porcine skin biopsies. This methodology involves the quantification of the antioxidants present in each specific skin layer to evaluate antioxidant effectiveness. The antioxidant activity in each skin layer was also determined by the DPPH method. The results indicated that lipophilic antioxidants (epicatechin, resveratrol, quercetin, and trolox) penetrated deeper into the skin layers, whereas a more hydrophilic compound, rutin, remained on the skin surface. The antioxidant evaluation of each skin compartment suggested that resveratrol and rutin were the most effective topically applied compounds in view of their antioxidant activity and their skin penetration profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Alonso
- Department of Chemical Technology, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Laia Rubio
- Department of Chemical Technology, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Touriño
- Group of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Meritxell Martí
- Department of Chemical Technology, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Barba
- Department of Chemical Technology, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Fernández-Campos
- Biopharmaceutical and Pharmacokinetics Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luisa Coderch
- Department of Chemical Technology, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luís Parra
- Department of Chemical Technology, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Joshi-Barr S, de Gracia Lux C, Mahmoud E, Almutairi A. Exploiting oxidative microenvironments in the body as triggers for drug delivery systems. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:730-54. [PMID: 24328819 PMCID: PMC4098119 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) play an important role in cell signaling pathways. However, the increased production of these species may disrupt cellular homeostasis, giving rise to pathological conditions. Biomaterials that are responsive to ROS/RNS can be strategically used to specifically release therapeutics and diagnostic agents to regions undergoing oxidative stress. RECENT ADVANCES Many nanocarriers intended to exploit redox micro-environments as triggers for drug release, summarized and compared in this review, have recently been developed. We describe these carriers' chemical structures, strategies for payload protection and oxidation-selective release, and ROS/RNS sensitivity as tested in initial studies. CRITICAL ISSUES ROS/RNS are unstable, so reliable measures of their concentrations in various conditions are scarce. Combined with the dearth of materials shown to respond to physiologically relevant levels of ROS/RNS, evaluations of their true sensitivity are difficult. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Oxidation-responsive nanocarriers developed thus far show tremendous potential for applicability in vivo; however, the sensitivity of these chemistries needs to be fine tuned to enable responses to physiological levels of ROS and RNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivanjali Joshi-Barr
- 1 Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Bioresponsive Materials, University of California , San Diego, San Diego, California
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Bera S, Weinberg F, Ekoue DN, Ansenberger-Fricano K, Mao M, Bonini MG, Diamond AM. Natural allelic variations in glutathione peroxidase-1 affect its subcellular localization and function. Cancer Res 2014; 74:5118-26. [PMID: 25047527 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx-1) has been implicated in the etiology of several common diseases due to the association between specific allelic variations and cancer risk. The most common among these variations are the codon 198 polymorphism that results in either a leucine or proline and the number of alanine repeat codons in the coding sequence. The molecular and biologic consequences of these variations remain to be characterized. Toward achieving this goal, we have examined the cellular location of GPx-1 encoded by allelic variants by ectopically expressing these genes in MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells that produce undetectable levels of GPx-1, thus achieving exclusive expression in the same cellular environment. A differential distribution between the cytoplasm and mitochondria was observed, with the allele expressing the leucine-198 polymorphism and 7 alanine repeats being more cytoplasmically located than the other alleles examined. To assess whether the distribution of GPx-1 between the cytoplasm and mitochondria had a biologic consequence, we engineered derivative GPx-1 proteins that were targeted to the mitochondria by the addition of a mitochondria targeting sequence and expressed these proteins in MCF-7 cells. These cells were examined for their response to oxidative stress, energy metabolism, and impact on cancer-associated signaling molecules. The results obtained indicated that both primary GPx-1 sequence and cellular location have a profound impact on cellular biology and offer feasible hypotheses about how expression of distinct GPx-1 alleles can affect cancer risk. Cancer Res; 74(18); 5118-26. ©2014 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Bera
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Frank Weinberg
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dede N Ekoue
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Mao Mao
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Marcelo G Bonini
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alan M Diamond
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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Holley AK, Miao L, St Clair DK, St Clair WH. Redox-modulated phenomena and radiation therapy: the central role of superoxide dismutases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:1567-89. [PMID: 24094070 PMCID: PMC3942704 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.5000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Ionizing radiation is a vital component in the oncologist's arsenal for the treatment of cancer. Approximately 50% of all cancer patients will receive some form of radiation therapy as part of their treatment regimen. DNA is considered the major cellular target of ionizing radiation and can be damaged directly by radiation or indirectly through reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed from the radiolysis of water, enzyme-mediated ROS production, and ROS resulting from altered aerobic metabolism. RECENT ADVANCES ROS are produced as a byproduct of oxygen metabolism, and superoxide dismutases (SODs) are the chief scavengers. ROS contribute to the radioresponsiveness of normal and tumor tissues, and SODs modulate the radioresponsiveness of tissues, thus affecting the efficacy of radiotherapy. CRITICAL ISSUES Despite its prevalent use, radiation therapy suffers from certain limitations that diminish its effectiveness, including tumor hypoxia and normal tissue damage. Oxygen is important for the stabilization of radiation-induced DNA damage, and tumor hypoxia dramatically decreases radiation efficacy. Therefore, auxiliary therapies are needed to increase the effectiveness of radiation therapy against tumor tissues while minimizing normal tissue injury. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Because of the importance of ROS in the response of normal and cancer tissues to ionizing radiation, methods that differentially modulate the ROS scavenging ability of cells may prove to be an important method to increase the radiation response in cancer tissues and simultaneously mitigate the damaging effects of ionizing radiation on normal tissues. Altering the expression or activity of SODs may prove valuable in maximizing the overall effectiveness of ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron K Holley
- 1 Graduate Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
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Marecki JC, Parajuli N, Crow JP, MacMillan-Crow LA. The use of the Cre/loxP system to study oxidative stress in tissue-specific manganese superoxide dismutase knockout models. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:1655-70. [PMID: 23641945 PMCID: PMC3942694 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Respiring mitochondria are a significant site for reactions involving reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that contribute to irreversible cellular, structural, and functional damage leading to multiple pathological conditions. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a critical component of the antioxidant system tasked with protecting the oxidant-sensitive mitochondrial compartment from oxidative stress. Since global knockout of MnSOD results in significant cardiac and neuronal damage leading to early postnatal lethality, this approach has limited use for studying the mechanisms of oxidant stress and the development of disease in specific tissues lacking MnSOD. To circumvent this problem, a number of investigators have employed the Cre/loxP system to precisely knockout MnSOD in individual tissues. RECENT ADVANCES Multiple tissue and organ-specific Cre-expressing mice have been generated, which greatly enhance the specificity of MnSOD knockout in tissues and organ systems that were once difficult, if not impossible to study. CRITICAL ISSUES Evaluating the contribution of MnSOD deficiency to oxidant-mediated mitochondrial damage requires careful consideration of the promoter system used for creating the tissue-specific knockout animal, in addition to the collection and interpretation of multiple indices of oxidative stress and damage. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Expanded use of well-characterized tissue-specific promoter elements and inducible systems to drive the Cre/loxP recombinational events will lead to a spectrum of MnSOD tissue knockout models, and a clearer understanding of the role of MnSOD in preventing mitochondrial dysfunction in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Marecki
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock, Arkansas
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Reinke EN, Ekoue DN, Bera S, Mahmud N, Diamond AM. Translational regulation of GPx-1 and GPx-4 by the mTOR pathway. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93472. [PMID: 24691473 PMCID: PMC3972146 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase activity was previously determined to be elevated in lymphocytes obtained from patients treated with the Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate. In order to expand upon this observation, the established chronic myelogenous leukemia cell lines KU812 and MEG-01 were treated with imatinib and the effect on several anti-oxidant proteins was determined. The levels of GPx-1 were significantly increased following treatment with imatinib. This increase was not due to altered steady-state mRNA levels, and appeared to be dependent on the expression of Bcr-Abl, as no increases were observed following imatinib treatment of cells that did not express the fusion protein. The nutrient-sensing signaling protein, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), can be activated by Bcr-Abl and its activity regulates the translation of many different proteins. Treatment of those same cells used in the imatinib studies with rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTOR, resulted in elevated GPx-1 and GPx-4 protein levels independent of Bcr-Abl expression. These proteins all belong to the selenoprotein family of peptides that contain the UGA-encoded amino acid selenocysteine. Collectively, these data provide evidence of a novel means of regulating anti-oxidants of the selenoprotein family via the mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily N. Reinke
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Dede N. Ekoue
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Soumen Bera
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Nadim Mahmud
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Alan M. Diamond
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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