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Coulombe F, Laberge AM. The Need to Consider Context: A Systematic Review of Factors Involved in the Consent Process for Genetic Tests from the Perspective of Patients. AJOB Empir Bioeth 2024; 15:93-107. [PMID: 38189769 DOI: 10.1080/23294515.2023.2297935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Background: Informed consent for genetic tests is a well-established practice. It should be based on good quality information and in keeping with the patient's values. Existing informed consent assessment tools assess knowledge and values. Nevertheless, there is no consensus on what specific elements need to be discussed or considered in the consent process for genetic tests.Methods: We performed a systematic review to identify all factors involved in the decision-making and consent process about genetic testing, from the perspective of patients. Through public databases, we identified studies reporting factors that influence the decision to accept or decline genetic testing. Studies were included if they reported the perspective of patients or at-risk individuals. All articles were thematically coded.Results: 1989 articles were reviewed: 70 met inclusion criteria and 12 additional articles were identified through the references of included studies. Coding of the 82 articles led to the identification of 45 factors involved in decision-making and consent, which were initially divided into three domains: in favor of, against or with an undetermined influence on genetic testing. Each factor was also divided into three subdomains relating to the informed choice concept: knowledge, values or other. The factors in the "other" subdomain were all related to the context of testing (e.g. timing, cost, influence of family members, etc), and were present in all three domains.Conclusions: We describe the network of factors contributing to decision-making and consent process and identify the context of genetic testing as a third component to influence this process. Future studies should consider the evaluation of contextual factors as an important and relevant component of the consent and decision-making process about genetic tests. Based on these results, we plan to develop and test a more comprehensive tool to assess informed consent for genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Coulombe
- Medical Genetics, McGill University Health Center and McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Laberge
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Bioethics Program, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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Hong YR, Yadav S, Wang R, Vadaparampil S, Bian J, George TJ, Braithwaite D. Genetic Testing for Cancer Risk and Perceived Importance of Genetic Information Among US Population by Race and Ethnicity: a Cross-sectional Study. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024; 11:382-394. [PMID: 36689121 PMCID: PMC9870197 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01526-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic testing can help determine the risk of many cancers and guide cancer prevention and treatment plans. Despite increasing concern about disparities in precision cancer medicine, public knowledge and cancer genetic testing by race and ethnicity have not been well investigated. METHODS We analyzed data from the 2020 Health Information National Trends Survey in 2022. Self-reported cancer genetic testing (e.g., Lynch syndrome, BRCA1/2) knowledge and utilization were compared by race and ethnicity. Perceived importance of genetic information for cancer care (prevention, detection, and treatment) was also examined in relation to the uptake of cancer genetic testing. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to examine factors associated with knowledge and genetic testing to calculate predicted probability of undergoing genetic testing by race and ethnicity. RESULTS Of 3551 study participants, 37.8% reported having heard of genetic testing for cancer risk and 3.9% stated that they underwent cancer genetic testing. Being non-Hispanic Black (OR=0.47, 95% CI=0.30-0.75) or Hispanic (OR=0.56, CI=0.35-0.90) was associated with lower odds of genetic testing knowledge. Although Hispanic or non-Hispanic Black respondents were more likely to perceive higher importance of genetic information versus non-Hispanic Whites, they had a lower predicted probability of cancer genetic testing. CONCLUSION Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic adults had lower knowledge and were less likely to undergo cancer genetic testing than non-Hispanic Whites. Further research is needed on sources of genetic testing information for racial and ethnic minorities and the barriers to accessing genetic testing to inform the development of effective cancer risk genetic testing promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Rock Hong
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, PO Box 100195, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
- UF Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, USA.
| | - Sandhya Yadav
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, PO Box 100195, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Ruixuan Wang
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, PO Box 100195, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Susan Vadaparampil
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Jiang Bian
- UF Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, USA
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Thomas J George
- UF Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Dejana Braithwaite
- UF Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
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3
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Hanson EN, Delacroix E, Austin S, Carr G, Kidwell KM, Bacon E, Gerido LH, Griggs JJ, Stoffel EM, Resnicow K. Psychosocial factors impacting barriers and motivators to cancer genetic testing. Cancer Med 2023; 12:9945-9955. [PMID: 36808717 PMCID: PMC10166953 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only a small proportion of patients who qualify for clinical genetic testing for cancer susceptibility get testing. Many patient-level barriers contribute to low uptake. In this study, we examined self-reported patient barriers and motivators for cancer genetic testing. METHODS A survey comprised of both new and existing measures related to barriers and motivators to genetic testing was emailed to patients with a diagnosis of cancer at a large academic medical center. Patients who self-reported receiving a genetic test were included in these analyses (n = 376). Responses about emotions following testing as well as barriers and motivators prior to getting testing were examined. Group differences in barriers and motivators by patient demographic characteristics were examined. RESULTS Being assigned female at birth was associated with increased emotional, insurance, and family concerns as well as increased health benefits compared to patients assigned male at birth. Younger respondents had significantly higher emotional and family concerns compared to older respondents. Recently diagnosed respondents expressed fewer concerns about insurance implications and emotional concerns. Those with a BRCA-related cancer had higher scores on social and interpersonal concerns scale than those with other cancers. Participants with higher depression scores indicated increased emotional, social and interpersonal, and family concerns. CONCLUSIONS Self-reported depression emerged as the most consistent factor influencing report of barriers to genetic testing. By incorporating mental health resources into clinical practice, oncologists may better identify those patients who might need more assistance following through with a referral for genetic testing and the response afterwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika N. Hanson
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Emerson Delacroix
- School of Public Health, Department of Health Behavior and EducationUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Sarah Austin
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Grant Carr
- School of Public Health, Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Kelley M. Kidwell
- School of Public Health, Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Elizabeth Bacon
- Center for Health Communications Research, Rogel Cancer Center, Michigan MedicineAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Lynette Hammond Gerido
- School of Public Health, Department of Health Behavior and EducationUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Jennifer J. Griggs
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/OncologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- School of Public Health, Department of Health Management and PolicyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- University of Michigan, Institute for Healthcare Policy and InnovationAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Elena M. Stoffel
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- University of Michigan, Institute for Healthcare Policy and InnovationAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Ken Resnicow
- School of Public Health, Department of Health Behavior and EducationUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- University of Michigan, Institute for Healthcare Policy and InnovationAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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4
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Estebsari F, Rahimi Khalifehkandi Z, Latifi M, Farhadinasab A, Vasli P, Mostafaie D. Protection motivation theory and prevention of breast cancer: a systematic review. Clin Breast Cancer 2023; 23:e239-e246. [PMID: 37045635 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2023.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a global health problem with a high rate of incidence and annual death. The protection motivation model (PMT) is a health psychology theory that has been introduced to motivate health behaviors using coping appraisal and threat appraisal. We aimed to systematically review the applicability of PMT to predict and improve the knowledge and intention (the patient's intent to undergo breast cancer screening with self/clinical breast exam or mammography) for protective behaviors among women. A systematic search was performed in May 2022 in electronic databases to investigate the role of PMT in the prediction of protection behaviors in addition to improving the knowledge about the prevention of breast cancer using specific keywords. The relevant studies were then included for data extraction. Seventeen articles including 7 interventional and 10 prediction studies were selected for data assessment. Findings demonstrated that PMT could be used to predict the rate of knowledge and intention about breast cancer risk among women. It was also shown that PMT could be considered as a framework for the prevention of breast cancer by changing the behaviors of individuals by training the participants. Fear arousal, response efficacy, and response cost were found as the main determinants of knowledge and intention rate. PMT can provide a useful framework to evaluate the factors associated with women's intentions about breast cancer. Periodical educational programs should be implemented to improve protection behaviors by increasing the intention of women to regular self-examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Estebsari
- Operating Room & Anesthesia Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Rahimi Khalifehkandi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Latifi
- Sina Organ Procurement Unit, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abdollah Farhadinasab
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parvaneh Vasli
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Factors Associated with the Uptake of Genetic Testing for Cancer Risks: A Pathway Analysis Using the Health Information National Trends Survey Data. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12122024. [PMID: 36556389 PMCID: PMC9786267 DOI: 10.3390/life12122024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to identify pathways from the source of information to the uptake of cancer genetic testing, with consideration of intermediate variables including perceptional, attitudinal and psychosocial factors. We used the Health Information National Trends Survey (2020 database) and constructed a structural equation model for pathway analysis (using SPSS version 24). Variables for socio-demographic, lifestyle and health information were also collected and used for confounding adjustment. A total of 2941 participants were analyzed (68.5%, non-Hispanic white; 59.7%, females; 58 years, median age; and 142 (4.8%) had undertaken genetic testing for cancer risk previously). Our pathway analysis found that only information from particular sources (i.e., healthcare providers and genetic counsellors) had positive and significant effects on people’s perceptions of cancer regarding its prevention, detection and treatment (standardized β range, 0.15−0.31, all p-values < 0.01). Following the paths, these perceptional variables (cancer prevention, detection and treatment) showed considerable positive impacts on the uptake of genetic testing (standardized β (95% CIs): 0.25 (0.20, 0.30), 0.28 (0.23, 0.33) and 0.12 (0.06, 0.17), respectively). Pathways involving attitudinal and psychosocial factors showed much smaller or insignificant effects on the uptake of genetic testing. Our study brings several novel perspectives to the behavior model and may underpin certain issues regarding cancer risk genetic testing.
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Acar D, Kıcali ÜÖ. An Integrated Approach to COVID-19 Preventive Behaviour Intentions: Protection Motivation Theory, Information Acquisition, and Trust. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 37:419-434. [PMID: 34962187 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2021.2018082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has been a global threat since November 2019 due to its high transmission rates and the issue of unwillingness to vaccinate. Effective risk management requires accurate health communication and public compliance with reccomended preventive behaviors. Therefore, we investigated predictors of COVID-19 preventive behavior intention based on Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) in addition to frequency of public's use of and trust in a group of COVID-19 related information sources. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 458 adults in Turkey with online survey. Results showed that all PMT components (except perceived susceptibility) accounted for 49% of the variance in protection motivation and there was relationship between information sources and protection motivation. Overall, our study findings suggested that being more informed and having confidence in the feasibility (self-efficacy) and effectiveness (response efficacy) of preventive behaviors may particularly help slow the disease spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didem Acar
- Psychology Department, Bursa Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey
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7
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Shore A, Prena K, Cummings JJ. To share or not to share: Extending Protection Motivation Theory to understand data sharing with the police. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Meiser B, Butow P, Davies G, Napier CE, Schlub TE, Bartley N, Juraskova I, Ballinger ML, Thomas DM, Best MC. Psychological predictors of cancer patients' and their relatives' attitudes towards the return of genomic sequencing results. Eur J Med Genet 2022; 65:104516. [PMID: 35487418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the psychological predictors of attitudes toward the return of germline genomic sequencing results in cancer patients and their biological relatives with a likely genetic basis for their cancer diagnosis, who completed a questionnaire prior to undergoing genomic sequencing. Of 602 probands and relatives, 94% of probands and 89% of relatives thought people would like to be informed about single-gene conditions for which there is prevention or treatment. Amongst relatives, this view was associated with higher perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy. Probands (66%) and relatives (59%) thought people would be interested in learning about single-gene conditions for which there is no prevention or treatment. Amongst probands, this view was associated with lower tolerance of uncertainty and amongst relatives with higher self-efficacy. Probands (92%) and relatives (90%) thought people would like to be informed about polygenic conditions that can have a major impact on health. Amongst probands this view was associated with lower perceived susceptibility of cancer recurrence, and amongst relatives, with higher perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy. Probands (86%) and relatives (86%) thought that people would like to be informed about polygenic conditions that can have a lower impact on health, and this view was associated with a lower perceived susceptibility of recurrence amongst probands. Inconclusion, these findings show that individuals' attitudes about the return of results depend on the perceived utility of different types of tests. Therefore, individuals need to gain a clear understanding of test utility, and appropriate consent processes are required to achieve informed choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Meiser
- Psychosocial Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of NSW, Kensington, NSW, 2032, Australia.
| | - Phyllis Butow
- Psycho-Oncology Co-operative Research Group (PoCoG), School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Grace Davies
- Psycho-Oncology Co-operative Research Group (PoCoG), School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Christine E Napier
- Cancer Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Timothy E Schlub
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Nicci Bartley
- Psycho-Oncology Co-operative Research Group (PoCoG), School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Ilona Juraskova
- Psycho-Oncology Co-operative Research Group (PoCoG), School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Mandy L Ballinger
- Cancer Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of NSW, Kensington, NSW, 2032, Australia
| | - David M Thomas
- Cancer Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of NSW, Kensington, NSW, 2032, Australia
| | - Megan C Best
- Psycho-Oncology Co-operative Research Group (PoCoG), School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, 2006, Australia
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NAZARI MAHIN, GHAZAANI FAHIMEHMAHBOOBI, KAVEH MOHAMMADHOSSEIN, KARIMI MASOUD, GHAHREMANI LEILA. Investigating the predictors of breast cancer screening behaviors (breast self-examination, clinical examination or examination by physician/midwife and mammography) based on protection motivation theory (PMT) in women. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2021; 62:E736-E741. [PMID: 34909502 PMCID: PMC8639128 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.3.1857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is one of the most common health problems worldwide. The mortality rate of this disease is due to the lack of knowledge about screening methods and late diagnosis of cancer. Objective The purpose of this study is to determine the predictors of breast cancer screening behaviors using protection motivation theory. Methods and materials The conduction of study was cross-sectional and on 400 women aged 30-59 in Kashan. The data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire based on protection motivation theory. Sampling was performed from all community health service centers in Kashan and the proportional to size sampling method was used as available sampling. The statistical tests were Pearson correlation and linear regression. The software used was version 22 SPSS and the significance level was 0.05. Results The results showed that the average age of women was 39.7 ± 7.9 years. There is a direct and statistically significant relationship between perceived breast cancer screening behaviors and perceived self-efficacy (P < 0.05) and there is an inverse statistically significant relationship between breast cancer screening behaviors and perceived cost (P < 0.05). There is also a direct and significant statistical relationship between motivation of protection and perceived sensitivity, intensity, self-efficacy, cost, and perceived response efficiency (P < 0.05). Perceived self-efficacy, cost, and response efficiency are the predictors of breast cancer screening behaviors. The perceived cost is the negative predictor. Conclusion Overall, health care providers can view PMT as a framework for developing educational interventions aimed at improving behaviors related to breast cancer screening of women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - LEILA GHAHREMANI
- Correspondence: Leila Ghahremani, Department of Health Promotion, 3rd Floor, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Razi Ave., Shiraz, Iran; Research Center for Health Science, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran - Tel.: +989177923542 - Fax: +98 713-7260225 - E-mail:
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10
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Sadeghi R, Mazloomy Mahmoodabad SS, Fallahzadeh H, Rezaeian M, Bidaki R, Khanjani N. Hookah is the enemy of health campaign: a campaign for prevention of hookah smoking among youth. Health Promot Int 2021; 35:1125-1136. [PMID: 31687738 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daz109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hookah smoking is now a serious health threat especially for adolescents. Implementation of planned interventions can help reduce hookah smoking. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of a campaign Hookah is the Enemy of Health Campaign (HEHC) based on the protection motivation theory to prevent hookah smoking among the youth in Sirjan city, in 2018. This was a pre- and post-intervention study. Participants were 280 male and female youth who were selected randomly through the health centers of Sirjan. The educational campaign was conducted during 3 months and participants were trained through interpersonal, group, organizational and community channels and mass media. Data were collected by filling out a questionnaire (containing 64 questions) by the participant before the intervention and 3 months after. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage), chi-square and Wilcoxon signed-rank test by SPSS20 software. The prevalence of hookah smoking was 44.3% in the target group. There was a significant change in the mean scores of knowledge and perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, response efficiency, self-efficacy, rewards, fear and protection motivation after the HEHC (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the structure of perceived cost (p > 0.05). Also, the prevalence of hookah smoking among the target group for those who had ever consumed decreased from 8.9 to 4% and for those who used it occasionally decreased from 35 to 19.4%. The HEHC was effective in reducing hookah smoking, raising knowledge and improving the constructs of the protection motivation theory among the youth of Sirjan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Sadeghi
- Department of Health Education & Promotion, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad
- Department of Health Education & Promotion, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hossein Fallahzadeh
- Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Center of Prevention and Epidemiology of Non-Communicable Disease, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rezaeian
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Occupational Environmental Research Center, Rafsanjan Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Reza Bidaki
- Research Center of Addiction and Behavioral Sciences, Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Narges Khanjani
- Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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11
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Yazdanpanah M, Abadi B, Komendantova N, Zobeidi T, Sieber S. Some at Risk for COVID-19 Are Reluctant to Take Precautions, but Others Are Not: A Case From Rural in Southern Iran. Front Public Health 2020; 8:562300. [PMID: 33304873 PMCID: PMC7701237 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.562300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the evaluative and cognitive foundations for adopting preventive measures to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Recognizing the existence of a gap in the knowledge describing the intention and behavior of participating in health measures, this study investigated the drivers that contribute to the intention to take health protective measures among 305 rural youth from the Dashtestan Region, Bushehr Province, and southern Iran, reached through an online survey. Protection motivation theory (PMT) served as the theoretical framework for the study. It was able to forecast variation in intentions and behaviors with accuracies of 39 and 64%, respectively. Furthermore, the variables of response efficiency, perceived severity, and self-efficacy had a positive and significant effect on protective intentions. Additionally, perceived severity, self-efficacy, and intention produced a positive and significant impression on behaviors, with most of the behavioral variance being accounted for by intention, as was hypothesized. In conclusion, it is suggested that health development including training measures that take account of both the concrete issues of health resources and technologies and of more abstract ones, such as mindset readiness, are important for engagement in positive health care behaviors. Accordingly, training-based interventions for rural youth should be contemplated, with the object of changing their intentions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Yazdanpanah
- Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Khuzestan, Iran
| | - Bijan Abadi
- Department of Biosystem Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Nadejda Komendantova
- Advanced Systems Analysis (ASA) Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria.,Institute for Environmental Decisions, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tahereh Zobeidi
- Department of Agricultural Extension, Communication and Rural Development, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Stefan Sieber
- Research Area 2 "Land Use and Governance", Working Group: Sustainable Land Use in Developing Countries, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Muncheberg, Germany.,Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Thaer-Institute, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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12
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Johnson VL, Kiser A, Woolridge RW. Factors Affecting Coproduction Resentment within a Self-checkout Environment. JOURNAL OF COMPUTER INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/08874417.2020.1808866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Sun S, Li ST, Ngeow J. Factors shaping at-risk individuals' decisions to undergo genetic testing for cancer in Asia. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2020; 28:1569-1577. [PMID: 32196825 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to enrich our understanding of factors influencing medically indicated at-risk individuals' decisions to take genetic tests (or not) in the context of cancer treatment and prevention. While previous studies have explored this topic in communities in Europe and the United States, we know relatively little about the situation in Asia. In this study, we conducted in-depth interviews with 24 women who underwent genetic testing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndromes in Singapore. Grounded theory with thematic analysis was applied. Six encouraging and three discouraging factors are identified in the analysis. The six encouraging factors are: desire to create awareness for self and family; perceived benefits for self and family; strong family history of cancer; presence of family support; medical professional recommendation and adequate amount of time to consider undertaking the test. The three discouraging factors are: high costs of tests; perceived lack of ability to cope with test results; and insufficient information about genetic testing. Taken together, the findings in this study add to the current literature by providing empirical evidence regarding the importance of holding family included pre-test counselling and providing adequate time for patients to decide to undergo genetic testing for hereditary cancer syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Sun
- Sociology, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technology University, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Shao-Tzu Li
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Genetics Service, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joanne Ngeow
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Genetics Service, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
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Determinants of Breast Cancer screening: Application of Protection Motivation Theory. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.100535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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15
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Ameen N, Tarhini A, Hussain Shah M, Madichie NO. Employees’ behavioural intention to smartphone security: A gender-based, cross-national study. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2019.106184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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bashirian S, Barati M, Shoar LM, Mohammadi Y, Dogonchi M. Factors Affecting Breast Self-examination Behavior Among Female Healthcare Workers in Iran: The Role of Social Support Theory. J Prev Med Public Health 2019; 52:224-233. [PMID: 31390685 PMCID: PMC6686104 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.18.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In women, breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death. Screening tests are the basis for early diagnosis. In Iranian women, the mortality rate of breast cancer is high due to insufficient screening examinations and delayed visits for care. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the factors affecting breast self-examinations among Iranian women employed in medical careers. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 501 women working in the medical professions at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in western Iran in 2018. The subjects were selected by stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-developed, self-report questionnaire that contained demographic information and questions based on protection motivation theory and social support theory. Descriptive data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23 and model fitting with PLS version 2. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 37.1±8.3 years, and most of the women (80.4%) were married. Most women had a bachelor's degree (67.5%). The findings of this study showed that the coping appraisal construct was a predictor of protection motivation (β=0.380, p<0.05), and protection motivation (β=0.604, p<0.05) was a predictor of breast self-examination behavior. Additionally, social support theory (β=0.202, p<0.05) had a significant positive effect on breast self-examination behavior. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of practicing self-examinations among women employees in the medical sector was low; considering the influence of social support as a factor promoting screening, it is necessary to pay attention to influential people in women's lives when designing educational interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- saeed bashirian
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Majid Barati
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leila Moaddab Shoar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Younes Mohammadi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mitra Dogonchi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Xu Z, Guo H. Advantages of Anticipated Emotions over Anticipatory Emotions and Cognitions in Health Decisions: A Meta-Analysis. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2019; 34:774-781. [PMID: 29400566 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2018.1434738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent persuasion theories and some empirical studies indicate that emotional responses can be more persuasive than cognitive evaluations under certain circumstances. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the effects of emotions and perceived risk on health-related intentions and behavior. Ten studies which examined anticipated emotions (AdE) and 19 studies which examined anticipatory emotions (AyE) were included. AdE was moderately associated with health intention (r = 0.38, 95% CI 0.24-0.51) and behavior (r = 0.48, 95% CI 0.43-0.53). The average correlations with AyE were small (with intention r = 0.25, 95% CI 0.18-0.31; with behavior r = 0.18, 95% CI 0.11-0.23). AdE was significantly more likely to lead to ideal intentions and behavior than perceived risk, and was more likely to promote desired behaviors than AyE. AdE had a stronger effect on intentions to prevent disease compared to detect disease. Other moderators were discussed. Theoretical and practical implications are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Xu
- a Department of Communication , University of Connecticut
| | - Hao Guo
- b Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute
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18
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Wang Y, Liang J, Yang J, Ma X, Li X, Wu J, Yang G, Ren G, Feng Y. Analysis of the environmental behavior of farmers for non-point source pollution control and management: An integration of the theory of planned behavior and the protection motivation theory. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 237:15-23. [PMID: 30776770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural non-point source (NPS) pollution in water source protection areas poses serious challenges for governments in developing countries. It is important to consider the environmental behavior of farmers when exploring the causes of NPS pollution as well as when establishing scientific controls and management measures. However, the poor understanding of factors influencing the environmental behavior of farmers and the lack of a suitable environmental socio-psychological model limit the application of the environmental behavior of farmers in NPS pollution management. In this study, we therefore integrated the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the protection motivation theory (PMT) to identify the main determinants of the NPS pollution-related environmental behavior and intention of farmers in the Water Source Area of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China. Results indicated that the integrated model provided a better understanding of the environmental behavior and intention of farmers than that provided by each component when used individually, and revealed that farmers perceived that the susceptibility and severity of threats caused by water deterioration influenced environmental intention through the mediating effects of subjective norm and attitude toward adopting pro-environmental behavior. At the same time, the perceived vulnerability of farmers was relatively high and their perceived severity was relatively low. Furthermore, the subjective norm, attitude, self-efficacy (i.e., the perceived behavioral control), and response efficacy positively and significantly influenced intention. However, response cost had a significantly negative effect on intention. Among them, subjective norm had the largest effect on intention. Intention was the key determinant for the actual environmental behavior of farmers, while self-efficacy also had a significantly positive effect on behavior. Managing and controlling agricultural NPS pollution requires a multi-disciplinary and comprehensive approach. Therefore, an integrated theoretical framework was developed in this study by integrating TPB and PMT to gain insight into the environmental behaviors and intention of farmers. The results provided a theoretical basis for NPS pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandong Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiping Liang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xingxia Ma
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Wu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gaihe Yang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guangxin Ren
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yongzhong Feng
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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19
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Moeini B, Ezati E, Barati M, Rezapur-Shahkolai F, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji N, Afshari M. Skin Cancer Preventive Behaviors in Iranian Farmers: Applying Protection Motivation Theory. Workplace Health Saf 2018; 67:231-240. [PMID: 30305002 DOI: 10.1177/2165079918796850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Farmers are among the most common work groups at risk of skin cancer. The protection motivation theory has been widely accepted as a framework for predicting health related behaviors. This study was conducted to determine the role of factors preventing skin cancer among farmers in Eslamabad-e Gharb district, Iran, using the protection motivation theory. In this descriptive study, 280 farmers living in this district were studied from May to June 2017. Using cluster random sampling methods, health houses where farmers received health care were selected. Each farmer within the selected health house was then enrolled into the study using simple random sampling. Data were collected by interview using an author-developed questionnaire. The questionnaire ascertained demographic information and constructs of the protection motivation theory. Almost half of the farmers had a history of sunburn (56.4%). With regard to prevention, a small proportion reported using sunscreen (8.6%), hats (3.2%), gloves 3.9%, sunglasses 4.6%, and protective clothing 15.4%. The results of regression analyses showed that with one unit of increase in the scores of self-efficacy to adopt prevention behavior and perceived protection motivation resulted in an increase in the mean score of the "protective" behavior by 0.26 and 0.20, respectively. Working conditions among farmers place them at great risk and skin cancer prevention is essential. Intervention and prevention programs should fully identify the determinants of skin cancer prevention in farmers; in addition, the identified effective factors must be taken into account when designing and implementing appropriate interventions.
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Alwall Svennefelt C, Hunter E, Lundqvist P. Evaluating The Swedish Approach to Motivating Improved Work Safety Conditions on Farms: Insights from Fear Appeals and the Extended Parallel Processing Model. J Agromedicine 2018; 23:355-373. [DOI: 10.1080/1059924x.2018.1501454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Alwall Svennefelt
- Department of Work Science, Business Economics and Environmental Psychology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Erik Hunter
- Department of Work Science, Business Economics and Environmental Psychology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Peter Lundqvist
- Department of Work Science, Business Economics and Environmental Psychology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
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21
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Threat or coping appraisal: determinants of SMB executives’ decision to adopt anti-malware software. EUR J INFORM SYST 2017. [DOI: 10.1057/ejis.2009.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Halovic S. The Future Emerges from the Past : Comment on "Personal Genomic Testing, Genetic Inheritance, and Uncertainty". JOURNAL OF BIOETHICAL INQUIRY 2017; 14:591-592. [PMID: 29119461 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-017-9818-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The case of Jordan (Mason 2017) highlights the gamble of connecting with the past through genomic testing. Unfortunately for Jordan, his genomic testing identified two variant genes which account for up to 75 per cent of early-onset Alzheimer's disease cases. Furthermore, his children were identified as having a 50 per cent risk of inheriting the gene which corresponds to the majority of early-onset Alzheimer's disease cases. Now Jordan is not only burdened with the foreknowledge that he will most likely develop Alzheimer's disease at a relatively young age but also burdened with the knowledge that his children may share his fate. Jordan was overwhelmed by his attempts to understand the genetic tests and experienced substantial distress. This response highlights the need for industry-wide regulations that adequately prepare individuals for the decision of whether to initiate genomic testing and require the results to be interpreted with genetic counsellors or other suitably skilled doctors. Furthermore, these industry-wide regulations need to be accountable to the same evidence-based standards that regulate the rest of the medical professions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Halovic
- Westmead Psychotherapy Program and University of Sydney, Building 112, Cumberland Hospital, 5 Fleet St, North Parramatta, NSW, 2151, Australia.
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23
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Yanes T, Meiser B, Young MA, Kaur R, Mitchell G, Barlow-Stewart K, Roscioli T, Halliday J, James P. Psychosocial and behavioral impact of breast cancer risk assessed by testing for common risk variants: protocol of a prospective study. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:491. [PMID: 28720130 PMCID: PMC5516374 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ‘common variant, common disease’ model predicts that a significant component of hereditary breast cancer unexplained by pathogenic variants in moderate or high-penetrance genes is due to the cumulative effect of common risk variants in DNA (polygenic risk). Assessing a woman’s breast cancer risk by testing for common risk variants can provide useful information for women who would otherwise receive uninformative results by traditional monogenic testing. Despite increasing support for the utility of common risk variants in hereditary breast cancer, research findings have not yet been integrated into clinical practice. Translational research is therefore critical to ensure results are effectively communicated, and that women do not experience undue adverse psychological outcomes. Methods In this prospective study, 400 women with a personal and/or high risk family history of breast cancer will be recruited from six familial cancer centers (FCCs) in Australia. Eligible women will be invited to attend a FCC and receive their personal polygenic risk result for breast cancer. Genetic health professionals participating in the study will receive training on the return of polygenic risk information and a training manual and visual aids will be developed to facilitate patient communication. Participants will complete up to three self-administered questionnaires over a 12-months period to assess the short-and long-term psychological and behavioral outcomes of receiving or not receiving their personal polygenic risk result. Discussion This is the world’s first study to assess the psychological and behavioral impact of offering polygenic risk information to women from families at high risk of breast cancer. Findings from this research will provide the basis for the development of a new service model to provide polygenic risk information in familial cancer clinics. Trial registration The study was retrospectively registered on 27th April 2017 with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Group (Registration no: ACTRN12617000594325; clinical trial URL: https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=372743). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3485-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane Yanes
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia. .,School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Bettina Meiser
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | | | - Rajneesh Kaur
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Gillian Mitchell
- Familial Cancer Service, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Kristine Barlow-Stewart
- Northern Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Tony Roscioli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jane Halliday
- Public Health Genetics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Paul James
- Familial Cancer Service, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
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Karmakar M, Pinto SL, Jordan TR, Mohamed I, Holiday-Goodman M. Predicting Adherence to Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy among Breast Cancer Survivors: An Application of the Protection Motivation Theory. BREAST CANCER-BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2017; 11:1178223417694520. [PMID: 28469437 PMCID: PMC5391055 DOI: 10.1177/1178223417694520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this observational study was to determine if the Protection Motivation Theory could predict and explain adherence to aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy among breast cancer survivors. Purposive sampling was used to identify 288 survivors who had been prescribed AI therapy. A valid and reliable survey was mailed to survivors. A total of 145 survivors completed the survey. The Morisky scale was used to measure adherence to AI. The survivors reported a mean score of 6.84 (±0.66) on the scale. Nearly 4 in 10 survivors (38%) were non-adherent. Adherence differed by age, marital status, insurance status, income, and presence of co-morbid conditions. Self-efficacy (r=0.485), protection motivation (r=0.310), and Response Efficacy (r=0.206) were positively and significantly correlated with adherence. Response Cost (r=-0.235) was negatively correlated with adherence. The coping appraisal constructs were statistically significant predictors medication adherence (β=0.437) with self-efficacy being the strongest significant predictor of adherence (β = 0.429).
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Affiliation(s)
- Monita Karmakar
- School of Population Health, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Sharrel L Pinto
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Timothy R Jordan
- School of Population Health, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Iman Mohamed
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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Knerr S, Wernli KJ, Leppig K, Ehrlich K, Graham AL, Farrell D, Evans C, Luta G, Schwartz MD, O'Neill SC. A web-based personalized risk communication and decision-making tool for women with dense breasts: Design and methods of a randomized controlled trial within an integrated health care system. Contemp Clin Trials 2017; 56:25-33. [PMID: 28257920 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammographic breast density is one of the strongest risk factors for breast cancer after age and family history. Mandatory breast density disclosure policies are increasing nationally without clear guidance on how to communicate density status to women. Coupling density disclosure with personalized risk counseling and decision support through a web-based tool may be an effective way to allow women to make informed, values-consistent risk management decisions without increasing distress. METHODS/DESIGN This paper describes the design and methods of Engaged, a prospective, randomized controlled trial examining the effect of online personalized risk counseling and decision support on risk management decisions in women with dense breasts and increased breast cancer risk. The trial is embedded in a large integrated health care system in the Pacific Northwest. A total of 1250 female health plan members aged 40-69 with a recent negative screening mammogram who are at increased risk for interval cancer based on their 5-year breast cancer risk and BI-RADS® breast density will be randomly assigned to access either a personalized web-based counseling and decision support tool or standard educational content. Primary outcomes will be assessed using electronic health record data (i.e., chemoprevention and breast MRI utilization) and telephone surveys (i.e., distress) at baseline, six weeks, and twelve months. DISCUSSION Engaged will provide evidence about whether a web-based personalized risk counseling and decision support tool is an effective method for communicating with women about breast density and risk management. An effective intervention could be disseminated with minimal clinical burden to align with density disclosure mandates. Clinical Trials Registration Number:NCT03029286.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Knerr
- Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA(1).
| | - Karen J Wernli
- Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA(1)
| | - Kathleen Leppig
- Clinical Genetics, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA 98112, USA(1)
| | - Kelly Ehrlich
- Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA(1)
| | - Amanda L Graham
- Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies, Truth Initiative, Washington, DC 20001, USA
| | | | - Chalanda Evans
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - George Luta
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Marc D Schwartz
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Suzanne C O'Neill
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA
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Women's preferences for contralateral prophylactic mastectomy following unilateral breast cancer: What risk-reduction makes it worthwhile? Breast 2016; 31:233-240. [PMID: 27969575 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2016.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) reduces the risk of contralateral breast cancer (BC) following unilateral BC, but may not increase survival in BRCA1/2 mutation negative women. Despite this, and the risk for adverse physical and psychological impact, uptake is increasing in BRCA1/2 mutation negative women. We aimed to quantify the degree of reduction in lifetime contralateral BC risk women required to justify CPM, and to explore demographic, disease and psychosocial predictors of preferences using Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) as a theoretical framework. Reasoning behind preferences was also examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS 388 women previously diagnosed with unilateral BC, of negative or unknown BRCA1/2 status, were recruited from an advocacy group research database. Two hypothetical risk trade-off scenarios were used to quantify the reduction in lifetime contralateral BC risk that women judged necessary to justify CPM, using a 5% and 20% baseline. Demographic, disease and PMT measures were assessed using a questionnaire. RESULTS Most women required their risk to be more than halved from a 5% or 20% baseline to justify CPM. Polarised preferences were also common, with some women consistently accepting or refusing CPM independent of risk/benefit trade-offs. Preferences were associated with coping self-efficacy and having a prior CPM. Explanations for judging CPM worthwhile included reducing or eliminating contralateral BC risk, attaining breast symmetry and reducing worry. CONCLUSION Risk-reduction preferences were highly variable. Decisive factors in women's preferences for CPM related to clinical, psychological and cosmetic outcomes, but not to demographic or disease characteristics.
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April-Sanders A, Oskar S, Shelton RC, Schmitt KM, Desperito E, Protacio A, Tehranifar P. Predictors of Breast Cancer Worry in a Hispanic and Predominantly Immigrant Mammography Screening Population. Womens Health Issues 2016; 27:237-244. [PMID: 27863982 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Worry about developing breast cancer (BC) has been associated with participation in screening and genetic testing and with follow-up of abnormal screening results. Little is known about the scope and predictors of BC worry in Hispanic and immigrant populations. METHODS We collected in-person interview data from 250 self-identified Hispanic women recruited from an urban mammography facility (average age 50.4 years; 82% foreign-born). Women reported whether they worried about developing breast cancer rarely/never (low worry), sometimes (moderate worry), or often/all the time (high worry). We examined whether sociocultural and psychological factors (e.g., acculturation, education, perceived risk), and risk factors and objective risk for BC (e.g., family history, Gail model 5-year risk estimates, parity) predicted BC worry using multinomial and logistic regression. RESULTS In multivariable models, women who perceived higher absolute BC risk (odds ratio, 1.66 [95% confidence interval, 1.28-2.14] for a one-unit increase in perceived lifetime risk) and comparative BC risk (e.g., odds ratio, 2.73, 95% confidence interval, 1.23-6.06) were more likely to report high BC worry than moderate or low BC worry. There were no associations between BC worry and indicators of objective risk or acculturation. CONCLUSIONS In Hispanic women undergoing screening mammography, higher perceptions of BC risk, in both absolute and comparative terms, were associated independently with high BC worry, and were stronger predictors of BC worry than indicators of objective BC risk, including family history, mammographic density, and personal BC risk estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayana April-Sanders
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Sabine Oskar
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Rachel C Shelton
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Karen M Schmitt
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Academics, School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, New York; Avon Foundation Breast Imaging Center-New York Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Elise Desperito
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center-New York Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Angeline Protacio
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Parisa Tehranifar
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.
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Sanderson SC, Wardle J. Will Genetic Testing for Complex Diseases Increase Motivation to Quit Smoking? Anticipated Reactions in a Survey of Smokers. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2016; 32:640-53. [PMID: 16148210 DOI: 10.1177/1090198105278756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to improve understanding of smokers’ potential reactions to genetic testing for smoking-related diseases. One thousand twenty-four respondents completed a postal survey; 186were smokers. Questions addressed anticipated psychological and behavioral reactions to genetic test results using hypothetical scenarios. Of smokers, 65% anticipated being motivated to quit smoking upon receiving a positive genetic test result; 39% anticipated being demotivated by a negative result. More smokers anticipated being depressed in response to receiving a positive result for cancer than for heart disease (40% vs. 24%). Anticipated motivation was associated with higher desire to quit and lower nicotine addiction, anticipated depression with poorer understanding of genetic testing, and anticipated demotivation with lower education. Smokers who have a high desire to quit may use genetic testing as a motivational tool. Understanding of genetics may be important in determining how individuals respond to genetic tests for complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia C Sanderson
- Cancer Research U.K. Health Behaviour Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
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Tesson S, Richards I, Porter D, Phillips KA, Rankin N, Musiello T, Marven M, Butow P. Women's preferences for contralateral prophylactic mastectomy: An investigation using protection motivation theory. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2016; 99:814-822. [PMID: 27529090 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Most women diagnosed with unilateral breast cancer without BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations are at low risk of contralateral breast cancer. Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy (CPM) decreases the relative risk of contralateral breast cancer, but may not increase life expectancy; yet international uptake is increasing. This study applied protection motivation theory (PMT) to determine factors associated with women's intentions to undergo CPM. METHODS Three hundred eighty-eight women previously diagnosed with unilateral breast cancer and of negative or unknown BRCA1 or BRCA2 status were recruited from an advocacy group's research database. Participants completed measures of PMT constructs based on a common hypothetical CPM decision-making scenario. RESULTS PMT constructs explained 16% of variance in intentions to undergo CPM. Response efficacy (CPM's advantages) and response costs (CPM's disadvantages) were unique individual predictors of intentions. CONCLUSION Decision-making appears driven by considerations of the psychological, cosmetic and emotional advantages and disadvantages of CPM. Overestimations of threat to life from contralateral breast cancer and survival benefit from CPM also appear influential factors. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Patients require balanced and medically accurate information regarding the pros and cons of CPM, survival rates, and recurrence risks to ensure realistic and informed decision-making.
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Ghahremani L, Harami ZK, Kaveh MH, Keshavarzi S. Investigation of the Role of Training Health Volunteers in Promoting Pap Smear Test Use among Iranian Women Based on the Protection Motivation Theory. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.3.1157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Sawant R, Goyal R, Rajan S, Patel H, Essien E, Sansgiry S. Factors associated with intention to engage in self-protective behavior: The case of over-the-counter acetaminophen products. Res Social Adm Pharm 2016; 12:327-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Psychosocial Predictors for Cancer Prevention Behaviors in Workplace Using Protection Motivation Theory. Adv Prev Med 2015; 2015:467498. [PMID: 26543649 PMCID: PMC4620287 DOI: 10.1155/2015/467498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds. The aim of this study was to describe the preventive behaviors of industrial workers and factors influencing occupational cancer prevention behaviors using protection motivation theory. Methods. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 161 petrochemical workers in Iran in 2014 which consisted of three sections: background information, protection motivation theory measures, and occupational cancers preventive behaviors. Results. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between PM and self-efficacy, response efficacy, and the cancer preventive behaviors. Meanwhile, statistically significant negative correlations were found between PM, cost, and reward. Conclusions. Among available PMT constructs, only self-efficacy and cost were significant predictors of preventive behaviors. Protection motivation model based health promotion interventions with focus on self-efficacy and cost would be desirable in the case of occupational cancers prevention.
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Stakeholder reactions toward iodine biofortified foods. An application of protection motivation theory. Appetite 2015; 92:295-302. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Hamilton RJ, Innella NA, Bounds DT. The Life Course Perspective: a Guide for Genetic Counselors. J Genet Couns 2015; 25:44-8. [PMID: 26306684 DOI: 10.1007/s10897-015-9878-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This is the first article in a two part series about utilizing the life course perspective (LCP) in genetic counseling. LCP can be a useful tool for genetic counselors when counseling people with a known genetic mutation. Previous theories such as Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) and Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation (CSMSR) examine current reactions to a positive genetic test result. LCP extends beyond the current time to explore temporal and contextual elements of the experience. A review of research revealed, LCP has been used to study the perspective of caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease, referral for a family history of breast cancer, Mexican American caregivers of older adult, social class and cancer incidence and cancer and the sense of mastery. Incorporating LCP into a study explaining the experiences of people living with a positive test result for a genetic mutation such as the BRCA mutation provides a comprehensive exploration of this experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah J Hamilton
- Department of Women, Children & Family Nursing, Rush University College of Nursing, 2624 Newcastle Dr., Carrollton, TX, 75007, USA.
| | - Nancy A Innella
- Department of Women, Children & Family Nursing, Rush University College of Nursing, 2624 Newcastle Dr., Carrollton, TX, 75007, USA
| | - Dawn T Bounds
- Department of Women, Children & Family Nursing, Rush University College of Nursing, 2624 Newcastle Dr., Carrollton, TX, 75007, USA
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Gu C, Niccolai LM, Yang S, Wang X, Tao L. Human papillomavirus vaccine acceptability among female undergraduate students in China: the role of knowledge and psychosocial factors. J Clin Nurs 2015; 24:2765-78. [PMID: 26179945 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.12871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To examine young women's perceptions and acceptability of human papillomavirus vaccination and factors influencing acceptability in mainland China. BACKGROUND In the light of current concepts, human papillomavirus vaccines serve as new paradigms in cervical cancer prevention programme for young women. However, knowledge and acceptability of human papillomavirus vaccination and factors influencing acceptability among young Chinese women are not known. DESIGN We implemented a cross-sectional descriptive study in the Hunan province of China. METHODS One hundred and seventeen female undergraduate students completed confidential surveys in 2012. The questionnaire included five parts: background information, awareness and knowledge of human papillomavirus vaccine and cervical cancer, attitudes towards the vaccine and intentions to be vaccinated, psychosocial burden of human papillomavirus infection, and human papillomavirus-related sexual stigma. RESULTS Only 44% of the participants were willing to be vaccinated in the future. Young women demonstrated low awareness and knowledge about human papillomavirus vaccine and cervical cancer. Their intention to receive future vaccination was associated with the high levels of knowledge about risk factors for cervical cancer and perceptions that infected women are responsible for their own infection of human papillomavirus. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest low awareness and knowledge among young Chinese women about the preventive nature and value of human papillomavirus vaccination. Social and cultural factors including moral obligation and STD-related stigma may influence young women's intention to future vaccination. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Educational interventions are necessary to promote public awareness and deliver information about human papillomavirus vaccination and cervical cancer prevention. Results of this study can help health care practitioners develop appropriate programmes for the promotion of human papillomavirus vaccination among this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Gu
- Department of Medicine, Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiang-Ya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Shengbo Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiuhua Wang
- Xiang-Ya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lijian Tao
- Department of Medicine, Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Dehdari T, Hassani L, Hajizadeh E, Shojaeizadeh D, Nedjat S, Abedini M. Effects of an educational intervention based on the protection motivation theory and implementation intentions on first and second pap test practice in Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:7257-61. [PMID: 25227824 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.17.7257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few Iranian women take the Papanicolaou test despite its important role in preventing cervical cancer. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an educational intervention based on the protection motivation theory (PMT) variables and implementation intentions in the first and second Pap test practice among Iranian women. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this quasi-randomized controlled trial, 200 women who were referred to 30 primary health care clinics in Tehran were randomly selected. PMT variables and Pap test practice were measured at baseline and again after 3 and 15 months. The 4-week educational intervention program was conducted for the intervention group. RESULTS Following the intervention, the mean scores of self-efficacy, perceived vulnerability, and behavior intention variables were significantly higher in the intervention group when compared to the control group (p<0.05). No significant differences were found in the perceived severity, response efficacy, response cost, and fear between the two groups following the intervention. Higher percent of women in the intervention group had obtained first and second Pap test compared to the controls. CONCLUSIONS The PMT and implementation intentions provide a suitable theory-based framework for developing educational interventions regarding Pap test practice in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Dehdari
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran E-mail :
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Rahaei Z, Ghofranipour F, Morowatisharifabad MA, Mohammadi E. Determinants of Cancer Early Detection Behaviors:Application of Protection Motivation Theory. Health Promot Perspect 2015; 5:138-46. [PMID: 26290829 PMCID: PMC4539052 DOI: 10.15171/hpp.2015.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is account for 13% of all deaths around the world and is the third cause of mortality in Iran. More than one third of these cases are pre-ventable and about 33% are curable with early detection. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of cancer early detection (CED) behaviors applying Protection Motivation Theory (PMT). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, cluster sampling method was employed to recruit 260 individuals of above 20 years old in Yazd, Iran and a researcher designed questionnaire was completed through interviews for each of the respondents. PMT theoretical variables and CED behaviors were the basis of data collection procedure. RESULTS Participants acquired 64.47% of the protection motivation, 30.97% of the passive and 45.64% of the active behaviors‟ possible scores. Theory constructs predicted 19.8%, 15.6% and 9.6% of the variations for protection motivation, passive and active behavior respectively. Protection motivation was responsible for 3.6% of passive and 8% of active behaviors‟ variations. CONCLUSION Considering the scarceness of CED behaviors and the applicability of PMT in predicting these behaviors, utilization of the PMT‟s constructs in any interventional programs to accelerate CED behaviors could be an alternate methodological choice in the cancer control initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Rahaei
- Department of Health Education, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fazlollah Ghofranipour
- Department of Health Education, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding Author: Ghofranipour Fazlollah Tel: +98 21 82883869;
| | | | - Eesa Mohammadi
- Department of Nursing, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Ralph AF, Ager B, Bell ML, Collins IM, Andrews L, Tucker K, Phillips KA, Butow P. Women's preferences for selective estrogen reuptake modulators: an investigation using protection motivation theory. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2014; 96:106-112. [PMID: 24856850 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Revised: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) reduce breast cancer risk by 38%. However, uptake is low and the reasons are not well understood. This study applied protection motivation theory (PMT) to determine factors associated with intention to take SERMs. METHODS Women at increased risk of breast cancer (N=107), recruited from two familial cancer clinics in Australia, completed a questionnaire containing measures of PMT constructs. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data. RESULTS Forty-five percent of women said they would be likely or very likely to take SERMs in the future. PMT components accounted for 40% of variance in intention to take SERMs. Perceived vulnerability, severity and response efficacy appeared the most influential in women's decisions to take or not take SERMs. CONCLUSION Many women are interested in SERMs as a risk management option. Accurate risk estimation and an understanding of the benefits of SERMs are critical to women's decision making. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Health professionals need to explore women's perceptions of their risk and its consequences, as well as providing clear evidence-based information about the efficacy of SERMs. Exploring the source and strength of beliefs about SERMs may allow more effective, tailored counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brittany Ager
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Melanie L Bell
- Psycho-Oncology Co-operative Research Group (PoCoG), University of Sydney, Australia; Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, USA
| | - Ian M Collins
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lesley Andrews
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kathy Tucker
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kelly-Anne Phillips
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Phyllis Butow
- Psycho-Oncology Co-operative Research Group (PoCoG), University of Sydney, Australia; Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-based Decision-making (CeMPED), University of Sydney, Australia.
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Shiloh S, deHeer HD, Peleg S, Hensley Alford S, Skapinsky K, Roberts JS, Hadley DW. The impact of multiplex genetic testing on disease risk perceptions. Clin Genet 2014; 87:117-23. [PMID: 24720448 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the effects of multiplex genetic testing on disease risk perceptions among 216 healthy adults. Participants, aged 25-40, were recruited through the Multiplex Initiative, which offered a genetic susceptibility test for eight common diseases. Participants completed baseline telephone and web-based surveys prior to making the testing decision. Three months after the receipt of mailed test results, participants completed a follow-up telephone survey. Risk perceptions for the eight diseases were measured at baseline and follow-up, along with beliefs about genetic causation of those diseases. The main results were: (i) mean risk perceptions were considerably stable from baseline to follow-up; (ii) the best predictors of follow-up risk perceptions were the corresponding baseline perceptions and family history; and (iii) within-individuals, most participants increased or decreased their risk perceptions for specific diseases in concordance with the number of risk markers they carry, their family history and their beliefs about genetic causality of diseases. In conclusion, participants presented a vigilant approach to the interpretation of genetic test results, which provides reassurance with regard to a potential inflation of risk perceptions in the population because of multiplex genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shiloh
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Sweeny K, Ghane A, Legg AM, Huynh HP, Andrews SE. Predictors of genetic testing decisions: a systematic review and critique of the literature. J Genet Couns 2014; 23:263-88. [PMID: 24719248 DOI: 10.1007/s10897-014-9712-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Genetic testing is increasingly available in medical settings and direct-to-consumer. However, the large and growing literature on genetic testing decisions is rife with conflicting findings, inconsistent methodology, and uneven attention across test types and across predictors of genetic testing decisions. Existing reviews of the literature draw broad conclusions but sacrifice nuanced analysis that with a closer look reveals far more inconsistency than homogeny across studies. The goals of this paper are to provide a systematic review of the empirical work on predictors of genetic testing decisions, highlight areas of consistency and inconsistency, and suggest productive directions for future research. We included all studies that provided quantitative analysis of subjective (e.g., perceived risk, perceived benefits of testing) and/or objective (e.g., family history, sociodemographic variables) predictors of genetic testing interest, intentions, or uptake, which produced a sample of 115 studies. From this review, we conclude that self-reported and test-related (as opposed to disorder-related or objective) predictors are relatively consistent across studies but that theoretically-driven efforts to examine testing interest across test types are sorely needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Sweeny
- Department of Psychology, University of California, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA,
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Vadaparampil ST, Hutchins NM, Quinn GP. Reproductive health in the adolescent and young adult cancer patient: an innovative training program for oncology nurses. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2013; 28:197-208. [PMID: 23225072 PMCID: PMC3610840 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-012-0435-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In 2008, approximately 69,200 adolescents and young adults (AYAs) were diagnosed with cancer, second only to heart disease for males in this age group. Despite recent guidelines from professional organizations and clinical research that AYA oncology patients want information about reproductive health topics and physician support for nurses to address these issues with patients, existing research finds few oncology nurses discuss this topic with patients due to barriers such as lack of training. This article describes an innovative eLearning training program, entitled Educating Nurses about Reproductive Issues in Cancer Healthcare. The threefold purpose of this article is to: (1) highlight major reproductive health concerns relevant to cancer patients, (2) describe the current status of reproductive health and oncology communication and the target audience for the training, and (3) present a systematic approach to curriculum development, including the content analysis and design stages as well as the utilization of feedback from a panel of experts. The resulting 10-week curriculum contains a broad-based approach to reproductive health communication aimed at creating individual- and practice-level change.
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Vadaparampil ST, Azzarello L, Pickard J, Jacobsen PB. Intention to Obtain Genetic Testing for Melanoma among Individuals at Low to Moderate Risk for Hereditary Melanoma. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2007.10598960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan T. Vadaparampil
- a College of Medicine , University of South Florida, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Tampa , FL , 12902
| | - Lora Azzarello
- b H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center , Research Institute Tampa , FL
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Crowley OV, Marquette J, Reddy D, Fleming R. Factors Predicting Likelihood of Eating Irradiated Meat. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.00984.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Fisher A, Bonner C, Biankin AV, Juraskova I. Factors influencing intention to undergo whole genome screening in future healthcare: a single-blind parallel-group randomised trial. Prev Med 2012; 55:514-20. [PMID: 22935645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 08/12/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effect of biased information on beliefs about, and intention to undergo, whole genome sequencing (WGS) screening; and predictors of intention. METHODS A single-blind parallel-group randomised trial was conducted in Australia, in 2011. Using Excel, 216 participants with English proficiency and no genetic testing experience were randomly allocated (1:1): a neutral information pamphlet or a biased version omitting screening limitations. Measures included: screening intention; Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) constructs; consideration of future consequences (CFC); uncertainty avoidance (UA); anticipated regret (AR). RESULTS Intention decreased from pre to post-manipulation (p<.001, η(2)=.07, 95% CIs [4.41, 4.86], [3.99, 4.44], respectively). Biased participants (n=106) had higher response efficacy beliefs than neutral participants (n=102) (p<.001, η(2)=.04, 95% CIs [4.80, 5.10], [4.49, 4.79] respectively), but equal intention. The model explained 36.2% of the variance in intention; response efficacy (p<.001), response costs (p<.001), self-efficacy (p=.024), and UA (p=.019) were predictors. CONCLUSION This is the first study investigating factors influencing anticipated WGS screening uptake. Omitting screening limitations may bias beliefs about screening efficacy and benefits. Uptake may be driven by perceived benefits and costs, self-efficacy beliefs, and uncertainty avoidance. PMT appears to be an appropriate psychosocial model for this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana Fisher
- Centre for Medical Psychology & Evidence-based Decision-making (CeMPED), School of Psychology, Brennan MacCallum (A18), University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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Goyal RK, Rajan SS, Essien EJ, Sansgiry SS. Effectiveness of FDA’s new over-the-counter acetaminophen warning label in improving consumer risk perception of liver damage. J Clin Pharm Ther 2012; 37:681-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.2012.01371.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ismail SY, Luchtenburg AE, Zuidema WC, Boonstra C, Weimar W, Massey EK, Busschbach JJ. Multisystemic engagement and nephrology based educational intervention: a randomized controlled trial protocol on the KidneyTteam At Home study. BMC Nephrol 2012; 13:62. [PMID: 22824537 PMCID: PMC3529691 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2369-13-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) is the most successful form of renal replacement therapy in terms of wait time and survival rates. However, we observed a significant inequality in the number of LDKT performed between the Dutch and the non-Dutch patients. The objective of this study is to adapt, implement and test an educational home-based intervention to contribute to the reduction of this inequality. Our aim is to establish this through guided communication together with the social network of the patients in an attempt that well-informed decisions regarding renal replacement therapy can be made: Multisystemic Engagement & Nephrology. This manuscript is a detailed description of the Kidney Team At Home-study protocol. METHODS AND DESIGN All patients (>18 yrs) that are referred to the pre-transplantation outpatient clinic are eligible to participate in the study. Patients will be randomly assigned to either an experimental or a control group. The control group will continue to receive standard care. The experimental group will receive standard care plus a home-based educational intervention. The intervention consists of two sessions at the patient's home, an initial session with the patient and a second session for which individuals from their social network are invited to take part. Based on the literature and behavioural change theories we hypothesize that reducing hurdles in knowledge, risk perception, subjective norm, self-efficacy, and communication contribute to well-informed decision making and reducing inequality in accessing LDKT programs. A change in these factors is consequently our primary outcome-measure. Based on power calculations, we aim to include 160 patients over a period of two years. DISCUSSION If we are able to show that this home-based group educational intervention contributes to 1) achieving well-informed decision regarding treatment and 2) reducing the inequality in LDKT, the quality of life of patients will be improved while healthcare costs are reduced. As the intervention is investigated in a random heterogeneous patient group in daily practice, the transfer to clinical practice in other kidney transplant centers should be relatively easy. TRIAL REGISTRATION Netherlands Trial Register, NTR2730.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohal Y Ismail
- Departments of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Erasmus MC, Burg. s’ Jacobplein 51, Rotterdam, CA, 3015, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Erasmus MC, Postbox 2040, Rotterdam, CA, 3000, The Netherlands
| | | | - Willij C Zuidema
- Internal Medicine, ‘s Gravendijkwal 230, Rotterdam, CE, 3015, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Boonstra
- Departments of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Erasmus MC, Burg. s’ Jacobplein 51, Rotterdam, CA, 3015, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Weimar
- Internal Medicine, ‘s Gravendijkwal 230, Rotterdam, CE, 3015, The Netherlands
| | - Emma K Massey
- Internal Medicine, ‘s Gravendijkwal 230, Rotterdam, CE, 3015, The Netherlands
| | - Jan J Busschbach
- Departments of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Erasmus MC, Burg. s’ Jacobplein 51, Rotterdam, CA, 3015, The Netherlands
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Gu C, Chan CWH, Twinn S, Choi KC. The influence of knowledge and perception of the risk of cervical cancer on screening behavior in mainland Chinese women. Psychooncology 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.2037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Can Gu
- The Nethersole School of Nursing; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
| | - Carmen W. H. Chan
- The Nethersole School of Nursing; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
| | - Sheila Twinn
- The Nethersole School of Nursing; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
| | - Kai Chow Choi
- The Nethersole School of Nursing; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
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Wade CH, Shiloh S, Woolford SW, Roberts JS, Alford SH, Marteau TM, Biesecker BB. Modelling decisions to undergo genetic testing for susceptibility to common health conditions: an ancillary study of the Multiplex Initiative. Psychol Health 2011; 27:430-44. [PMID: 21660870 PMCID: PMC3175306 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2011.586699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
New genetic tests reveal risks for multiple conditions simultaneously, although little is understood about the psychological factors that affect testing uptake. We assessed a conceptual model called the multiplex genetic testing model (MGTM) using structural equation modelling. The MGTM delineates worry, perceived severity, perceived risk, response efficacy and attitudes towards testing as predictors of intentions and behaviour. Participants were 270 healthy insured adults aged 25-40 from the Multiplex Initiative conducted within a health care system in Detroit, MI, USA. Participants were offered a genetic test that assessed risk for eight common health conditions. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that worry, perceived risk and severity clustered into two disease domains: cancer or metabolic conditions. Only perceived severity of metabolic conditions was correlated with general response efficacy (β = 0.13, p<0.05), which predicted general attitudes towards testing (β = 0.24, p<0.01). Consistent with our hypothesised model, attitudes towards testing were the strongest predictors of intentions to undergo testing (β = 0.49, p<0.01), which in turn predicted testing uptake (OR 17.7, β = 0.97, p<0.01). The MGTM explained a striking 48% of the variance in intentions and 94% of the variation in uptake. These findings support use of the MGTM to explain psychological predictors of testing for multiple health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher H Wade
- Department of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Washington Bothell, Bothell, WA, USA.
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Siu W. Fear appeals and public service advertising: applications to influenza in Hong Kong. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2010; 25:580. [PMID: 20845150 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2010.496829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Siu
- School of Journalism and Communication, Chinese University of Hong Kong.
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Klitzman R, Chung W. The process of deciding about prophylactic surgery for breast and ovarian cancer: Patient questions, uncertainties, and communication. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:52-66. [PMID: 20014126 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Many, women who have, or are at risk for, BRCA, 1/2 mutations or breast cancer decline prophylactic surgery, but questions remain as to how they make and experience these decisions. Our methods consisted of interviewing 32 women for 2 hr each; 19 were tested, 20 were symptomatic. Our results showed that these surgical options forced women to confront questions, involving stresses and uncertainties, regarding: implications of test results, prognoses with and without surgery, and effects of surgery (e.g., on self-image). Given these dilemmas, many women turned to doctors who then ranged in what and how they communicated about these issues, and how strongly they offered input. Some patients felt disappointed at provider non-directiveness, while others found providers too directive. Patients turned to family members and friends, who also ranged in how and what they communicated, and whether they agreed with the patient and/or each other. Many women turned to patient communities, but then had to decide how involved to be, and what information to provide or accept. These data suggest that providers and others may need to be more aware of the series of questions, involving stresses and uncertainties, that these women face, and the complex roles providers themselves may play. These data highlight needs for physicians to be able to address these issues flexibly, gauging patient preferences for information and paternalism (vs. autonomy). These data suggest areas for future research: for example, on how providers decide whether, what and how to communicate about these issues, and how these choices shape treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Klitzman
- College of Physicians and Surgeons and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, Unit 15, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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