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Fidanza M, Hibbert J, Acton E, Harbeson D, Schoeman E, Skut P, Woodman T, Eynaud A, Hartnell L, Brook B, Cai B, Lo M, Falsafi R, Hancock REW, Chiume-Kayuni M, Lufesi N, Popescu CR, Lavoie PM, Strunk T, Currie AJ, Kollmann TR, Amenyogbe N, Lee AH. Angiogenesis-associated pathways play critical roles in neonatal sepsis outcomes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11444. [PMID: 38769383 PMCID: PMC11106288 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62195-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of childhood mortality. Limited diagnostic tools and mechanistic insights have hampered our abilities to develop prophylactic or therapeutic interventions. Biomarkers in human neonatal sepsis have been repeatedly identified as associated with dysregulation of angiopoietin signaling and altered arachidonic acid metabolism. We here provide the mechanistic evidence in support of the relevance for these observations. Angiopoetin-1 (Ang-1), which promotes vascular integrity, was decreased in blood plasma of human and murine septic newborns. In preclinical models, administration of Ang-1 provided prophylactic protection from septic death. Arachidonic acid metabolism appears to be functionally connected to Ang-1 via reactive oxygen species (ROS) with a direct role of nitric oxide (NO). Strengthening this intersection via oral administration of arachidonic acid and/or the NO donor L-arginine provided prophylactic as well as therapeutic protection from septic death while also increasing plasma Ang-1 levels among septic newborns. Our data highlight that targeting angiogenesis-associated pathways with interventions that increase Ang-1 activity directly or indirectly through ROS/eNOS provide promising avenues to prevent and/or treat severe neonatal sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie Hibbert
- Westfarmers Center of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Erica Acton
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Danny Harbeson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | | | - Tabitha Woodman
- Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Lucy Hartnell
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Byron Brook
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bing Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mandy Lo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Reza Falsafi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Robert E W Hancock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Msandeni Chiume-Kayuni
- Department of Pediatrics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi
- Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Norman Lufesi
- Department of Curative and Medical Rehabilitation, Ministry of Health, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Constantin R Popescu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Pascal M Lavoie
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Tobias Strunk
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- Westfarmers Center of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- Neonatal Directorate, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Andrew J Currie
- Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Tobias R Kollmann
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia.
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
| | - Nelly Amenyogbe
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia.
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
| | - Amy H Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.
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Váczi S, Barna L, Laczi K, Tömösi F, Rákhely G, Penke B, Fülöp L, Bogár F, Janáky T, Deli MA, Mezei Z. Effects of sub-chronic, in vivo administration of sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 ligands on platelet and aortic arachidonate cascade in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 925:174983. [PMID: 35487254 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Platelets regulate cell-cell interactions and local circulation through eicosanoids from arachidonic acid. Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 (sigma-1 receptor) expressed in platelets and endothelial cells can regulate intracellular signalization. Our aim was to examine the influence of sub-chronic, in vivo-administered sigma-1 receptor ligands 2-morpholin-4-ylethyl 1-phenylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate (PRE-084); N-benzyl-2-[(1S)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-yl]ethan-1-amine; dihydrochloride, a new compound ((S)-L1); and N-[2-[4-methoxy-3-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]ethyl]-N-propylpropan-1-amine (NE-100) on the ex vivo arachidonic acid metabolism of the platelets and aorta of male rats. The serum level of sigma-1 receptor ligands was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sigma-1 receptor and cyclooxygenase gene expression in the platelets were determined by a reverse transcription-coupled quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The eicosanoid synthesis was examined using a radiolabeled arachidonic acid substrate and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We confirmed the absorption of sigma-1 receptor ligands and confirmed that the ligands were not present during the ex vivo studies, so their acute effect could be excluded. We detected no changes in either sigma-1 receptor or cyclooxygenase mRNA levels in the platelets. Nevertheless, (S)-L1 and NE-100 increased the quantity of cyclooxygenases there. Both platelet and aortic eicosanoid synthesis was modified by the ligands, although in different ways. The effect of the new sigma-1 receptor ligand, (S)-L1, was similar to that of PRE-084 in most of the parameters studied but was found to be more potent. Our results suggest that sigma-1 receptor ligands may act at multiple points in arachidonic acid metabolism and play an important role in the control of the microcirculation by modulating the eicosanoid synthesis of the platelets and vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sándor Váczi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6725, Szeged, Hungary; Doctoral School of Theoretical Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6725, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Lilla Barna
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-6725, Szeged, Hungary; Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, H-6725, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Krisztián Laczi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, H-6725, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Ferenc Tömösi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6725, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Rákhely
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-6725, Szeged, Hungary; Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, H-6725, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Botond Penke
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6725, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Lívia Fülöp
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6725, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Ferenc Bogár
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6725, Szeged, Hungary; MTA-SZTE Biomimetic Systems Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-6725, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Tamás Janáky
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6725, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Mária A Deli
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-6725, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Zsófia Mezei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6725, Szeged, Hungary; Department of Physiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6725, Szeged, Hungary.
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Hennigs JK, Matuszcak C, Trepel M, Körbelin J. Vascular Endothelial Cells: Heterogeneity and Targeting Approaches. Cells 2021; 10:2712. [PMID: 34685692 PMCID: PMC8534745 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Forming the inner layer of the vascular system, endothelial cells (ECs) facilitate a multitude of crucial physiological processes throughout the body. Vascular ECs enable the vessel wall passage of nutrients and diffusion of oxygen from the blood into adjacent cellular structures. ECs regulate vascular tone and blood coagulation as well as adhesion and transmigration of circulating cells. The multitude of EC functions is reflected by tremendous cellular diversity. Vascular ECs can form extremely tight barriers, thereby restricting the passage of xenobiotics or immune cell invasion, whereas, in other organ systems, the endothelial layer is fenestrated (e.g., glomeruli in the kidney), or discontinuous (e.g., liver sinusoids) and less dense to allow for rapid molecular exchange. ECs not only differ between organs or vascular systems, they also change along the vascular tree and specialized subpopulations of ECs can be found within the capillaries of a single organ. Molecular tools that enable selective vascular targeting are helpful to experimentally dissect the role of distinct EC populations, to improve molecular imaging and pave the way for novel treatment options for vascular diseases. This review provides an overview of endothelial diversity and highlights the most successful methods for selective targeting of distinct EC subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan K. Hennigs
- ENDomics Lab, Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Christiane Matuszcak
- ENDomics Lab, Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Martin Trepel
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany;
| | - Jakob Körbelin
- ENDomics Lab, Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
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Eicosanoid blood vessel regulation in physiological and pathological states. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:2707-2727. [PMID: 33095237 DOI: 10.1042/cs20191209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid can be metabolized in blood vessels by three primary enzymatic pathways; cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LO), and cytochrome P450 (CYP). These eicosanoid metabolites can influence endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell function. COX metabolites can cause endothelium-dependent dilation or constriction. Prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) and thromboxane (TXA2) act on their respective receptors exerting opposing actions with regard to vascular tone and platelet aggregation. LO metabolites also influence vascular tone. The 12-LO metabolite 12S-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (12S-HETE) is a vasoconstrictor whereas the 15-LO metabolite 11,12,15-trihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (11,12,15-THETA) is an endothelial-dependent hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF). CYP enzymes produce two types of eicosanoid products: EDHF vasodilator epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and the vasoconstrictor 20-HETE. The less-studied cross-metabolites generated from arachidonic acid metabolism by multiple pathways can also impact vascular function. Likewise, COX, LO, and CYP vascular eicosanoids interact with paracrine and hormonal factors such as the renin-angiotensin system and endothelin-1 (ET-1) to maintain vascular homeostasis. Imbalances in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell COX, LO, and CYP metabolites in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases result in vascular dysfunction. Restoring the vascular balance of eicosanoids by genetic or pharmacological means can improve vascular function in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, future research is necessary to achieve a more complete understanding of how COX, LO, CYP, and cross-metabolites regulate vascular function in physiological and pathological states.
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Kalucka J, Bierhansl L, Conchinha NV, Missiaen R, Elia I, Brüning U, Scheinok S, Treps L, Cantelmo AR, Dubois C, de Zeeuw P, Goveia J, Zecchin A, Taverna F, Morales-Rodriguez F, Brajic A, Conradi LC, Schoors S, Harjes U, Vriens K, Pilz GA, Chen R, Cubbon R, Thienpont B, Cruys B, Wong BW, Ghesquière B, Dewerchin M, De Bock K, Sagaert X, Jessberger S, Jones EAV, Gallez B, Lambrechts D, Mazzone M, Eelen G, Li X, Fendt SM, Carmeliet P. Quiescent Endothelial Cells Upregulate Fatty Acid β-Oxidation for Vasculoprotection via Redox Homeostasis. Cell Metab 2018; 28:881-894.e13. [PMID: 30146488 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the metabolism of quiescent endothelial cells (QECs). Nonetheless, when dysfunctional, QECs contribute to multiple diseases. Previously, we demonstrated that proliferating endothelial cells (PECs) use fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) for de novo dNTP synthesis. We report now that QECs are not hypometabolic, but upregulate FAO >3-fold higher than PECs, not to support biomass or energy production but to sustain the tricarboxylic acid cycle for redox homeostasis through NADPH regeneration. Hence, endothelial loss of FAO-controlling CPT1A in CPT1AΔEC mice promotes EC dysfunction (leukocyte infiltration, barrier disruption) by increasing endothelial oxidative stress, rendering CPT1AΔEC mice more susceptible to LPS and inflammatory bowel disease. Mechanistically, Notch1 orchestrates the use of FAO for redox balance in QECs. Supplementation of acetate (metabolized to acetyl-coenzyme A) restores endothelial quiescence and counters oxidative stress-mediated EC dysfunction in CPT1AΔEC mice, offering therapeutic opportunities. Thus, QECs use FAO for vasculoprotection against oxidative stress-prone exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kalucka
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong, P.R. China; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura Bierhansl
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nadine Vasconcelos Conchinha
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rindert Missiaen
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ilaria Elia
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ulrike Brüning
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Samantha Scheinok
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lucas Treps
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anna Rita Cantelmo
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Dubois
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pauline de Zeeuw
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jermaine Goveia
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annalisa Zecchin
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Federico Taverna
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Francisco Morales-Rodriguez
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aleksandra Brajic
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lena-Christin Conradi
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Schoors
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ulrike Harjes
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kim Vriens
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gregor-Alexander Pilz
- Brain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Science, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Rongyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Richard Cubbon
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Bernard Thienpont
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Translational Genetics, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bert Cruys
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Brian W Wong
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Ghesquière
- Metabolomics Expertise Center, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Metabolomics Expertise Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke Dewerchin
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien De Bock
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xavier Sagaert
- Translational Cell & Tissue Research, Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sebastian Jessberger
- Brain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Science, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Elizabeth A V Jones
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, UZ Herestraat 49, Box 911, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, UZ Herestraat 49, Box 911, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bernard Gallez
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Translational Genetics, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Eelen
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xuri Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong, P.R. China.
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong, P.R. China; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Schneberger D, Sethi RS, Singh B. Comparative View of Lung Vascular Endothelium of Cattle, Horses, and Water Buffalo. MOLECULAR AND FUNCTIONAL INSIGHTS INTO THE PULMONARY VASCULATURE 2018; 228:21-39. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-68483-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the effects of inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) on islet hormone secretion in vitro and on pancreatic islet blood flow in vivo. METHODS Insulin release was measured in a static incubation system of islets isolated from Wistar-F rats after inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 with SC 560 (COX-1), FR 122047 (COX-1), rofecoxib (COX-2), or indomethacin (both COX-1 and COX-2). In other rats organ blood flow values were measured with a microsphere technique during both normo- and hyperglycemia after administration of these enzyme inhibitors. RESULTS Serum insulin values were lower after pretreatment with a COX-1 inhibitor or a non-selective COX inhibitor in both control and glucose-injected rats in vivo, whereas COX-2 inhibition had no such effects. However, inhibition of COX had only minor effects on insulin release in vitro. Inhibition of COX affected neither total pancreatic nor islet blood flow in normoglycemic rats. Hyperglycemia caused an increase in both these flow values and in the duodenum. The increase in total pancreatic and duodenal blood flow was prevented by inhibition of COX-2 or non-selective COX inhibition. However, no effects on islet blood flow were seen after COX inhibition. CONCLUSION Inhibition of COX affects insulin release and blood glucose concentrations in vivo. However, COX inhibition has only minor effects on pancreatic islet blood flow, but prevents the glucose-induced increase in total pancreatic blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Sandberg
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Leif Jansson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Rubio-Ruiz ME, Pérez-Torres I, Soto ME, Pastelín G, Guarner-Lans V. Aging in blood vessels. Medicinal agents FOR systemic arterial hypertension in the elderly. Ageing Res Rev 2014; 18:132-47. [PMID: 25311590 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging impairs blood vessel function and leads to cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms underlying the age-related endothelial, smooth muscle and extracellular matrix vascular dysfunction are discussed. Vascular dysfunction is caused by: (1) Oxidative stress enhancement. (2) Reduction of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, by diminished NO synthesis and/or augmented NO scavenging. (3) Production of vasoconstrictor/vasodilator factor imbalances. (4) Low-grade pro-inflammatory environment. (5) Impaired angiogenesis. (6) Endothelial cell senescence. The aging process in vascular smooth muscle is characterized by: (1) Altered replicating potential. (2) Change in cellular phenotype. (3) Changes in responsiveness to contracting and relaxing mediators. (4) Changes in intracellular signaling functions. Systemic arterial hypertension is an age-dependent disorder, and almost half of the elderly human population is hypertensive. The influence of hypertension on the aging cardiovascular system has been studied in models of hypertensive rats. Treatment for hypertension is recommended in the elderly. Lifestyle modifications, natural compounds and hormone therapies are useful for initial stages and as supporting treatment with medication but evidence from clinical trials in this population is needed. Since all antihypertensive agents can lower blood pressure in the elderly, therapy should be based on its potential side effects and drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Esther Rubio-Ruiz
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México, DF, Mexico
| | - Israel Pérez-Torres
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México, DF, Mexico
| | - María Elena Soto
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México, DF, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Pastelín
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México, DF, Mexico
| | - Verónica Guarner-Lans
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", México, DF, Mexico.
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9
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Slone EA, Fleming SD. Membrane lipid interactions in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion-induced Injury. Clin Immunol 2014; 153:228-40. [PMID: 24814240 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2014.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia, lack of blood flow, and reperfusion, return of blood flow, are a common phenomenon affecting millions of Americans each year. Roughly 30,000 Americans per year experience intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR), which is associated with a high mortality rate. Previous studies of the intestine established a role for neutrophils, eicosanoids, the complement system and naturally occurring antibodies in IR-induced pathology. Furthermore, data indicate involvement of a lipid or lipid-like moiety in mediating IR-induced damage. It has been proposed that antibodies recognize exposure of neo-antigens, triggering action of the complement cascade. While it is evident that the pathophysiology of IR-induced injury is complex and multi-factorial, we focus this review on the involvement of eicosanoids, phospholipids and neo-antigens in the early pathogenesis. Lipid changes occurring in response to IR, neo-antigens exposed and the role of a phospholipid transporter, phospholipid scramblase 1 will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Archer Slone
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
| | - Sherry D Fleming
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
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10
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Sena CM, Pereira AM, Seiça R. Endothelial dysfunction - a major mediator of diabetic vascular disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2013; 1832:2216-31. [PMID: 23994612 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 525] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The vascular endothelium is a multifunctional organ and is critically involved in modulating vascular tone and structure. Endothelial cells produce a wide range of factors that also regulate cellular adhesion, thromboresistance, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and vessel wall inflammation. Thus, endothelial function is important for the homeostasis of the body and its dysfunction is associated with several pathophysiological conditions, including atherosclerosis, hypertension and diabetes. Patients with diabetes invariably show an impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Therefore, understanding and treating endothelial dysfunction is a major focus in the prevention of vascular complications associated with all forms of diabetes mellitus. The mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in diabetes may point to new management strategies for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in diabetes. This review will focus on the mechanisms and therapeutics that specifically target endothelial dysfunction in the context of a diabetic setting. Mechanisms including altered glucose metabolism, impaired insulin signaling, low-grade inflammatory state, and increased reactive oxygen species generation will be discussed. The importance of developing new pharmacological approaches that upregulate endothelium-derived nitric oxide synthesis and target key vascular ROS-producing enzymes will be highlighted and new strategies that might prove clinically relevant in preventing the development and/or retarding the progression of diabetes associated vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Sena
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal; IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
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11
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Hechler B, Ohlmann P, Chafey P, Ravanat C, Eckly A, Maurer E, Mangin P, Isola H, Cazenave JP, Gachet C. Preserved functional and biochemical characteristics of platelet components prepared with amotosalen and ultraviolet A for pathogen inactivation. Transfusion 2013; 53:1187-200. [PMID: 23067365 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03923.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet concentrate (PC) functionality decreases during storage. This is referred to as the storage lesion. Pathogen inactivation may accelerate or induce lesions, potentially accounting for reduced viability. Our aim was to characterize functional and biochemical properties of platelets (PLTs) from photochemically treated buffy-coat PCs (PCT-PCs) compared to those from conventional PCs. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Four PCT-PCs and four conventional PCs were stored for 6.5 days and PLT function and proteomic profiles were examined at various time points during storage. To evaluate their intrinsic properties, samples of stored PLTs were taken, washed, and suspended in Tyrode's buffer before testing. RESULTS PLT counts and morphology were conserved although a slight increase in the PLT volume was observed after PCT. Glycoprotein (GP) IIbIIIa, IaIIa, and VI expression remained stable while GPIbα declined similarly in both types of PCs. A steep decrease (50%) in GPV occurred on Day 1.5 in PCT-PCs and Day 2.5 in control PCs. For both PCT- and control PCs, P-selectin expression and activated GPIIbIIIa remained low during storage. PCT- and control PCs were fully responsive to aggregation agonists up to Day 4.5 and exhibited similar perfusion functionality. Mitochondrial membrane potential and annexin A5 binding of PCT-PCs and control PCs were comparable. Two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry profiles for 1882 protein spots revealed only three proteins selectively changed in PCT-PCs compared to control-PCs. CONCLUSION Washed treated and untreated PCs have similar functional, morphologic, and proteomic characteristics provided that PLTs are suspended in an appropriate medium during testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Hechler
- INSERM, UMR_S949, Université de Strasbourg, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace (EFS-Alsace), Strasbourg, France
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12
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Muzaffar S, Jeremy JY, Angelini GD, Shukla N. NADPH oxidase 4 mediates upregulation of type 4 phosphodiesterases in human endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:1941-50. [PMID: 21732365 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The protective actions of prostacyclin (PGI(2) ) are mediated by cyclic AMP (cAMP) which is reduced by type 4 phosphodiesterases (PDE4) which hydrolyze cAMP. Superoxide (O2(-)) from NADPH oxidase (Nox) is associated with impaired PGI(2) bioactivity. The objective of this study, therefore, was to study the relationship between Nox and PDE4 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HUVECs were incubated with the thromboxane A(2) analog, U46619, 8-isoprostane F(2α) (8IP), or tumor necrosing factor alpha (TNFα) [±iloprost (a PGI(2) analog)] and the expression of PDE4A, B, C, and D and splice variants thereof assessed using Western blotting and qPCR and mRNA silencing of Nox4 and Nox5. Effects on cell replication and angiogenesis were also studied. U46619, 8IP, and TNFα increased the expression of Nox 4 and Nox 5 and all PDE4 isoforms as well as cell replication and tubule formation (index of angiogenesis), effects inhibited by mRNA silencing of Nox4 (but not Nox5) and iloprost and rolipram. These data demonstrate that upregulation of Nox4 leads to an upregulation of PDE4A, B, and D and increased hydrolysis of cAMP which in turn augments cell replication and angiogenesis. This mechanism may be central to vasculopathies associated with endothelial dysfunction since the PGI(2)-cAMP signaling axis plays a key role in mediating functions that include hemostasis and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Muzaffar
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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13
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Induction of group IVC phospholipase A2 in allergic asthma: transcriptional regulation by TNFα in bronchoepithelial cells. Biochem J 2012; 442:127-37. [PMID: 22082005 DOI: 10.1042/bj20111269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Airway inflammation in allergen-induced asthma is associated with eicosanoid release. These bioactive lipids exhibit anti- and pro-inflammatory activities with relevance to pulmonary pathophysiology. We hypothesized that sensitization/challenge using an extract from the ubiquitous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus in a mouse model of allergic asthma would result in altered phospholipase gene expression, thus modulating the downstream eicosanoid pathway. We observed the most significant induction in the group IVC PLA2 (phospholipase A2) [also known as cPLA2γ (cytosolic PLA2γ) or PLA2G4C]. Our results infer that A. fumigatus extract can induce cPLA2γ levels directly in eosinophils, whereas induction in lung epithelial cells is most likely to be a consequence of TNFα (tumour necrosis factor α) secretion by A. fumigatus-activated macrophages. The mechanism of TNFα-dependent induction of cPLA2γ gene expression was elucidated through a combination of promoter deletions, ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation) and overexpression studies in human bronchoepithelial cells, leading to the identification of functionally relevant CRE (cAMP-response element), NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) and E-box promoter elements. ChIP analysis demonstrated that RNA polymerase II, ATF-2 (activating transcription factor 2)-c-Jun, p65-p65 and USF (upstream stimulating factor) 1-USF2 complexes are recruited to the cPLA2γ enhancer/promoter in response to TNFα, with overexpression and dominant-negative studies implying a strong level of co-operation and interplay between these factors. Overall, our results link cytokine-mediated alterations in cPLA2γ gene expression with allergic asthma and outline a complex regulatory mechanism.
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14
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Rossi A, Coccia M, Trotta E, Angelini M, Santoro MG. Regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by heat: a novel aspect of heat shock factor 1 function in human cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31304. [PMID: 22347460 PMCID: PMC3275557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The heat-shock response, a fundamental defense mechanism against proteotoxic stress, is regulated by a family of heat-shock transcription factors (HSF). In humans HSF1 is considered the central regulator of heat-induced transcriptional responses. The main targets for HSF1 are specific promoter elements (HSE) located upstream of heat-shock genes encoding cytoprotective heat-shock proteins (HSP) with chaperone function. In addition to its cytoprotective function, HSF1 was recently hypothesized to play a more complex role, regulating the expression of non-HSP genes; however, the non-canonical role of HSF1 is still poorly understood. Herein we report that heat-stress promotes the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a key regulator of inflammation controlling prostanoid and thromboxane synthesis, resulting in the production of high levels of prostaglandin-E(2) in human cells. We show that heat-induced COX-2 expression is regulated at the transcriptional level via HSF1-mediated signaling and identify, by in-vitro reporter gene activity assay and deletion-mutant constructs analysis, the COX-2 heat-responsive promoter region and a new distal cis-acting HSE located at position -2495 from the transcription start site. As shown by ChIP analysis, HSF1 is recruited to the COX-2 promoter rapidly after heat treatment; by using shRNA-mediated HSF1 suppression and HSE-deletion from the COX-2 promoter, we demonstrate that HSF1 plays a central role in the transcriptional control of COX-2 by heat. Finally, COX-2 transcription is also induced at febrile temperatures in endothelial cells, suggesting that HSF1-dependent COX-2 expression could contribute to increasing blood prostaglandin levels during fever. The results identify COX-2 as a human non-classical heat-responsive gene, unveiling a new aspect of HSF1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Rossi
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Coccia
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Trotta
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Angelini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - M. Gabriella Santoro
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
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15
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Yang HL, Chen SC, Lin KY, Wang MT, Chen YC, Huang HC, Cho HJ, Wang L, Kumar KJS, Hseu YC. Antioxidant activities of aqueous leaf extracts of Toona sinensis on free radical-induced endothelial cell damage. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:669-680. [PMID: 21718778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2010] [Revised: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 06/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In Taiwan, Toona sinensis (Toona sinensis) is well known as a traditional Chinese medicine, while the underlying pharmacological mechanisms of this drug are still a matter of debate. MATERIALS AND METHODS The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of non-cytotoxic concentrations of aqueous leaf extracts of Toona sinensis (TS extracts; 50-100 μg/mL) and gallic acid (5 μg/mL), a major component of these extracts, against AAPH-induced oxidative cell damage in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECs). RESULTS Exposure of ECs to AAPH (15 mM) decreased cell viability from 100% to 43%. However, ECs were pre-incubated with TS extracts prior to AAPH induction resulted in increased resistance to oxidative stress and cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. An increase in ECs-derived PGI(2) and IL-1 β in response to AAPH exposure was positively correlated with cytotoxicity and negatively with TS extracts concentrations. In addition, gallic acid also suppressed PGI(2) and IL-1 β production in AAPH-induced ECs. Notably, TS extracts/gallic acid treatment significantly inhibited ROS generation, MDA formation, SOD/catalase activity, and Bax/Bcl-2 dysregulation in AAPH-stimulated ECs. Pretreatment of ECs with TS extracts/gallic acid also suppressed AAPH-induced cell surface expression and secretion of VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin, which was associated with abridged adhesion of U937 leukocytes to ECs. Moreover, TS extracts/gallic acid treatment significantly inhibited the AAPH-mediated up regulation of PAI-1 and down regulation of t-PA in ECs, which may decrease fibrinolytic activity. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, Toona sinensis may possess antioxidant properties that protect endothelial cells from oxidative stress. Our results also support the traditional use of Toona sinensis in the treatment of free radical-related diseases and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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17
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Enomoto Y, Adachi S, Matsushima-Nishiwaki R, Doi T, Niwa M, Akamatsu S, Tokuda H, Ogura S, Yoshimura S, Iwama T, Kozawa O. Thromboxane A2 promotes soluble CD40 ligand release from human platelets. Atherosclerosis 2010; 209:415-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2009] [Revised: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Noschka E, Moore JN, Peroni JF, Lewis TH, Lewis SJ, Robertson TP. Evaluation of the possible role of prostaglandin F2αin laminitis induced in horses by nasogastric administration of black walnut heartwood extract. Am J Vet Res 2010; 71:186-93. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.71.2.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Aljofan M, Ding H. High glucose increases expression of cyclooxygenase-2, increases oxidative stress and decreases the generation of nitric oxide in mouse microvessel endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2010; 222:669-75. [PMID: 19950211 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycaemia is a key factor that contributes to the development of diabetes-related microvascular disease. Both cyclooxygenase I and cyclooxygenase II are expressed in endothelial cells and play key roles in the regulation of cardiovascular function. In the current study we tested the hypothesis that hyperglycaemia-induced increased expression of cyclooxygenase II is a contributing factor both to the increased oxidative stress and to the reduction in the generation of nitric oxide in microvessel endothelial cells following their exposure to high glucose. We demonstrated that the exposure of mouse microvascular endothelial cells to high glucose for 3 days decreased the generation of nitric oxide and enhanced production of superoxide. Western blots illustrated that exposure to high glucose also increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase II protein expression levels and decreased the dimer/monomer ratio of endothelial nitric oxide synthase protein. All the changes induced by the high glucose culture media could be reversed by either the cyclooxygenase II inhibitor CAY10404, the non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin or the protein kinase C inhibitor chelerythrine, but not solely by preincubation with the antioxidant and putative NADPH oxidase inhibitor, apocynin. Our data indicate that high glucose induced oxidative stress is linked to an increase in the expression of cyclooxygenase II and a reduced generation of nitric oxide that is associated with an uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase, possibly due to decreased dimer/monomer ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Aljofan
- School of Medical Sciences, RMIT University, Victoria, Australia
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20
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Sun H, Swaim A, Herrera JE, Becker D, Becker L, Srivastava K, Thompson LE, Shero MR, Perez-Tamayo A, Suktitipat B, Mathias R, Contractor A, Faraday N, Morrell CN. Platelet kainate receptor signaling promotes thrombosis by stimulating cyclooxygenase activation. Circ Res 2009; 105:595-603. [PMID: 19679838 PMCID: PMC2771168 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.109.198861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Glutamate is a major signaling molecule that binds to glutamate receptors including the ionotropic glutamate receptors; kainate (KA) receptor (KAR), the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor, and the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor. Each is well characterized in the central nervous system, but glutamate has important signaling roles in peripheral tissues as well, including a role in regulating platelet function. OBJECTIVE Our previous work has demonstrated that glutamate is released by platelets in high concentrations within a developing thrombus and increases platelet activation and thrombosis. We now show that platelets express a functional KAR that drives increased agonist induced platelet activation. METHODS AND RESULTS KAR induced increase in platelet activation is in part the result of activation of platelet cyclooxygenase in a mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent manner. Platelets derived from KAR subunit knockout mice (GluR6(-/-)) are resistant to KA effects and have a prolonged time to thrombosis in vivo. Importantly, we have also identified polymorphisms in KAR subunits that are associated with phenotypic changes in platelet function in a large group of whites and blacks. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that glutamate regulation of platelet activation is in part cyclooxygenase-dependent and suggest that the KAR is a novel antithrombotic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Sun
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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21
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Brash AR. Mechanistic aspects of CYP74 allene oxide synthases and related cytochrome P450 enzymes. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2009; 70:1522-1531. [PMID: 19747698 PMCID: PMC2783490 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2009] [Revised: 08/05/2009] [Accepted: 08/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The existence of CYP5, CYP8A, and the CYP74 enzymes specialized for reaction with fatty acid peroxide substrates presents opportunities for a "different look" at the catalytic cycle of the cytochrome P450s. This review considers how the properties of the peroxide-metabolizing enzymes are distinctive, and how they tie in with those of the conventional monooxygenase enzymes. Some unusual reactions of each class have parallels in the other. As enzyme reactions and P450 structures emerge there will be possibilities for finding their special properties and edging this knowledge into the big picture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Brash
- Department of Pharmacology, and the Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA.
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22
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Estrogen receptor-beta mediates cyclooxygenase-2 expression and vascular prostanoid levels in human placental villous endothelial cells. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009; 200:427.e1-8. [PMID: 19318151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2008] [Revised: 01/07/2009] [Accepted: 01/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Regulation of fetoplacental blood flow is likely mediated by factors such as prostanoids. Estrogen and its receptors affect prostanoid biosynthesis. Previously, we demonstrated that villous endothelial cells express estrogen receptor-beta (ESR2), and we sought to determine its role in the mediation of fetoplacental vascular function. STUDY DESIGN Villous endothelial cells from uncomplicated pregnancies were isolated, cultured, and treated with estrogen. RNA interference, real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and enzyme immunoassays were performed. RESULTS Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression levels were not altered consistently by estrogen. RNA interference of ESR2 led to a concomitant decrease in COX-2 messenger RNA (P < .0001) and protein (P < .05) in the presence and absence of estradiol. ESR2 knock-down also led to diminished prostacyclin and thromboxane concentrations in the absence of estradiol (P < .005). CONCLUSION ESR2 mediates COX-2 expression levels and both prostacyclin and thromboxane concentrations in the basal state, which suggests the possibility of ligand-independent regulation of COX-2 activity and prostaglandin H2 substrate availability. Further investigation regarding ESR2 regulation of prostanoid biosynthesis and its effects on the fetoplacental vasculature is warranted.
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Maniatis NA, Kotanidou A, Catravas JD, Orfanos SE. Endothelial pathomechanisms in acute lung injury. Vascul Pharmacol 2008; 49:119-33. [PMID: 18722553 PMCID: PMC7110599 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2008.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2008] [Accepted: 06/09/2008] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and its most severe extreme the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) refer to increased-permeability pulmonary edema caused by a variety of pulmonary or systemic insults. ALI and in particular ARDS, are usually accompanied by refractory hypoxemia and the need for mechanical ventilation. In most cases, an exaggerated inflammatory and pro-thrombotic reaction to an initial stimulus, such as systemic infection, elicits disruption of the alveolo-capillary membrane and vascular fluid leak. The pulmonary endothelium is a major metabolic organ promoting adequate pulmonary and systemic vascular homeostasis, and a main target of circulating cells and humoral mediators under injury; pulmonary endothelium is therefore critically involved in the pathogenesis of ALI. In this review we will discuss mechanisms of pulmonary endothelial dysfunction and edema generation in the lung with special emphasis on the interplay between the endothelium, the immune and hemostatic systems, and highlight how these principles apply in the context of defined disorders and specific insults implicated in ALI pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anastasia Kotanidou
- “M. Simou” Laboratory, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- 1st Department of Critical Care, Evangelismos Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - John D. Catravas
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Stylianos E. Orfanos
- “M. Simou” Laboratory, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- 2nd Department of Critical Care, Attikon Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Corresponding author. 2nd Department of Critical Care, Attikon Hospital, 1, Rimini St., 124 62, Haidari, Athens, Greece. Tel.: +30 210 7235521; fax: +30 210 7239127.
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Eisert WG, Schlachetzki F. Vascular endothelium and the blood-brain barrier. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2008; 92:197-214. [PMID: 18790276 DOI: 10.1016/s0072-9752(08)01910-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang G Eisert
- Center for Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research, University of Hanover, Hanover, Germany.
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Abstract
Inflammation is usually analysed from the perspective of tissue-infiltrating leukocytes. Microvascular endothelial cells at a site of inflammation are both active participants in and regulators of inflammatory processes. The properties of endothelial cells change during the transition from acute to chronic inflammation and during the transition from innate to adaptive immunity. Mediators that act on endothelial cells also act on leukocytes and vice versa. Consequently, many anti-inflammatory therapies influence the behaviour of endothelial cells and vascular therapeutics influence inflammation. This Review describes the functions performed by endothelial cells at each stage of the inflammatory process, emphasizing the principal mediators and signalling pathways involved and the therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan S Pober
- Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Amistad Research Building, Yale University School of Medicine, 10 Amistad Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06509, USA.
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