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Riesmeijer SA, Kamali Z, Ng M, Drichel D, Piersma B, Becker K, Layton TB, Nanchahal J, Nothnagel M, Vaez A, Hennies HC, Werker PMN, Furniss D, Nolte IM. A genome-wide association meta-analysis implicates Hedgehog and Notch signaling in Dupuytren's disease. Nat Commun 2024; 15:199. [PMID: 38172110 PMCID: PMC10764787 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44451-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Dupuytren's disease (DD) is a highly heritable fibrotic disorder of the hand with incompletely understood etiology. A number of genetic loci, including Wnt signaling members, have been previously identified. Our overall aim was to identify novel genetic loci, to prioritize genes within the loci for functional studies, and to assess genetic correlation with associated disorders. We performed a meta-analysis of six DD genome-wide association studies from three European countries and extensive bioinformatic follow-up analyses. Leveraging 11,320 cases and 47,023 controls, we identified 85 genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms in 56 loci, of which 11 were novel, explaining 13.3-38.1% of disease variance. Gene prioritization implicated the Hedgehog and Notch signaling pathways. We also identified a significant genetic correlation with frozen shoulder. The pathways identified highlight the potential for new therapeutic targets and provide a basis for additional mechanistic studies for a common disorder that can severely impact hand function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A Riesmeijer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Plastic Surgery, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Zoha Kamali
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of bioinformatics, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Michael Ng
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Science, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dmitriy Drichel
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and the Cologne University Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bram Piersma
- University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kerstin Becker
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Michael Nothnagel
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and the Cologne University Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ahmad Vaez
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of bioinformatics, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hans Christian Hennies
- Faculty of Medicine and the Cologne University Hospital, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Paul M N Werker
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Plastic Surgery, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dominic Furniss
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Science, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
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2
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Barton V, Armeson K, Hampras S, Ferris LK, Visvanathan K, Rollison D, Alberg AJ. Nonmelanoma skin cancer and risk of all-cause and cancer-related mortality: a systematic review. Arch Dermatol Res 2017; 309:243-251. [PMID: 28285366 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-017-1724-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Some reports suggest that a history of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) may be associated with increased mortality. NMSCs have very low fatality rates, but the high prevalence of NMSC elevates the importance of the possibility of associated subsequent mortality from other causes. The variable methods and findings of existing studies leave the significance of these results uncertain. To provide clarity, we conducted a systematic review to characterize the evidence on the associations of NMSC with: (1) all-cause mortality, (2) cancer-specific mortality, and (3) cancer survival. Bibliographic databases were searched through February 2016. Cohort studies published in English were included if adequate data were provided to estimate mortality ratios in patients with-versus-without NMSC. Data were abstracted from the total of eight studies from independent data sources that met inclusion criteria (n = 3 for all-cause mortality, n = 2 for cancer-specific mortality, and n = 5 for cancer survival). For all-cause mortality, a significant increased risk was observed for patients with a history of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (mortality ratio estimates (MR) 1.25 and 1.30), whereas no increased risk was observed for patients with a history of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (MRs 0.96 and 0.97). Based on one study, the association with cancer-specific mortality was stronger for SCC (MR 2.17) than BCC (MR 1.15). Across multiple types of cancer both SCC and BCC tended to be associated with poorer survival from second primary malignancies. Multiple studies support an association between NMSC and fatal outcomes; the associations tend to be more potent for SCC than BCC. Additional investigation is needed to more precisely characterize these associations and elucidate potential underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Barton
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 68 President Street, MSC 955, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Kent Armeson
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 68 President Street, MSC 955, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | - Laura K Ferris
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Anthony J Alberg
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 68 President Street, MSC 955, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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3
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Piérard-Franchimont C, Hermanns-Lê T, Paquet P, Herfs M, Delvenne P, Piérard GE. Hedgehog- and mTOR-targeted therapies for advanced basal cell carcinomas. Future Oncol 2015; 11:2997-3002. [PMID: 26437034 DOI: 10.2217/fon.15.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are the most frequent human cancer. Over 90% of all BCCs have a mutation in PTCH1 or smoothened, two conducting proteins of the Hedgehog pathway. They rarely progress deeply and metastasize; however, if they do, these advanced basal cell carcinoma become amenable to treatment by inhibiting the Hedgehog and the P13K-mTOR pathways. Such innovative drugs include vismodegib, cyclopamine, itraconazole, everolimus and a few other agents that are in early clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Piérard-Franchimont
- Laboratory of Skin Bioengineering & Imaging (LABIC), Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Liège, Belgium.,Department of Dermatopathology, Unilab Lg, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
| | - Trinh Hermanns-Lê
- Department of Dermatopathology, Unilab Lg, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
| | - Philippe Paquet
- Department of Dermatopathology, Unilab Lg, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
| | - Michael Herfs
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
| | - Philippe Delvenne
- Department of Dermatopathology, Unilab Lg, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium.,Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium.,Departments of Pathology, Unilab Lg, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
| | - Gérald E Piérard
- Laboratory of Skin Bioengineering & Imaging (LABIC), Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Liège, Belgium
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4
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Hu L, Lin X, Lu H, Chen B, Bai Y. An overview of hedgehog signaling in fibrosis. Mol Pharmacol 2014; 87:174-82. [PMID: 25395043 DOI: 10.1124/mol.114.095141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays a key role during embryogenesis and tissue regeneration. Recently, studies revealed that overactivated Hh signaling leads to fibrogenesis in many types of tissues. The activation of Hh signaling is involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and excessive extracellular matrix deposition. Blockade of Hh signaling abolishes the induction of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and ameliorates tissue fibrosis. Therefore, new therapeutic targets to alleviate fibrosis based on the Hh signaling have attracted a great deal of attention. This is a new strategy for treating fibrosis and other related diseases. In this review, we discuss the crucial role of Hh signaling in fibrogenesis to provide a better understanding of their relationship and to encourage the study of novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou (L.H., X.L., H.L.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, JianLi County People's Hospital, Jingzhou (L.H.); and Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou (B.C., Y.B.), People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou (L.H., X.L., H.L.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, JianLi County People's Hospital, Jingzhou (L.H.); and Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou (B.C., Y.B.), People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou (L.H., X.L., H.L.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, JianLi County People's Hospital, Jingzhou (L.H.); and Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou (B.C., Y.B.), People's Republic of China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou (L.H., X.L., H.L.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, JianLi County People's Hospital, Jingzhou (L.H.); and Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou (B.C., Y.B.), People's Republic of China
| | - Yongheng Bai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou (L.H., X.L., H.L.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, JianLi County People's Hospital, Jingzhou (L.H.); and Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou (B.C., Y.B.), People's Republic of China
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5
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Estrach S, Lee SA, Boulter E, Pisano S, Errante A, Tissot FS, Cailleteau L, Pons C, Ginsberg MH, Féral CC. CD98hc (SLC3A2) loss protects against ras-driven tumorigenesis by modulating integrin-mediated mechanotransduction. Cancer Res 2014; 74:6878-89. [PMID: 25267066 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CD98hc (SLC3A2) is the heavy chain component of the dimeric transmembrane glycoprotein CD98, which comprises the large neutral amino acid transporter LAT1 (SLC7A5) in cells. Overexpression of CD98hc occurs widely in cancer cells and is associated with poor prognosis clinically, but its exact contributions to tumorigenesis are uncertain. In this study, we showed that genetic deficiency of CD98hc protects against Ras-driven skin carcinogenesis. Deleting CD98hc after tumor induction was also sufficient to cause regression of existing tumors. Investigations into the basis for these effects defined two new functions of CD98hc that contribute to epithelial cancer beyond an intrinsic effect of CD98hc on tumor cell proliferation. First, CD98hc increased the stiffness of the tumor microenvironment. Second, CD98hc amplified the capacity of cells to respond to matrix rigidity, an essential factor in tumor development. Mechanistically, CD98hc mediated this stiffness sensing by increasing Rho kinase (ROCK) activity, resulting in increased transcription mediated by YAP/TAZ, a nuclear relay for mechanical signals. Our results suggest that CD98hc contributes to carcinogenesis by amplifying a positive feedback loop, which increases both extracellular matrix stiffness and resulting cellular responses. This work supports a rationale to explore the use of CD98hc inhibitors as cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soline Estrach
- INSERM, U1081, CNRS, UMR7284, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France. Avenir Team, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Sin-Ae Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Etienne Boulter
- INSERM, U1081, CNRS, UMR7284, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France. Avenir Team, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Sabrina Pisano
- INSERM, U1081, CNRS, UMR7284, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France. AFM Core facility, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Aurélia Errante
- INSERM, U1081, CNRS, UMR7284, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France. Avenir Team, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Floriane S Tissot
- INSERM, U1081, CNRS, UMR7284, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France. Avenir Team, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Laurence Cailleteau
- INSERM, U1081, CNRS, UMR7284, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France. Avenir Team, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Catherine Pons
- INSERM, U1081, CNRS, UMR7284, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France. Avenir Team, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Mark H Ginsberg
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Chloé C Féral
- INSERM, U1081, CNRS, UMR7284, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France. Avenir Team, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France.
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6
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Dummer R, Karpova MB, Barysch MJ. Basal cell carcinomas: molecular abnormalities and molecularly targeted therapies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/edm.09.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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7
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Xie J, Bartels CM, Barton SW, Gu D. Targeting hedgehog signaling in cancer: research and clinical developments. Onco Targets Ther 2013; 6:1425-35. [PMID: 24143114 PMCID: PMC3797650 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s34678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its first description in Drosophila by Drs Nusslein-Volhard and Wieschaus in 1980, hedgehog (Hh) signaling has been implicated in regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation, tissue polarity, stem cell maintenance, and carcinogenesis. The first link of Hh signaling to cancer was established through studies of Gorlin syndrome in 1996 by two independent teams. Later, it was shown that Hh signaling may be involved in many types of cancer, including skin, leukemia, lung, brain, and gastrointestinal cancers. In early 2012, the US Food and Drug Administration approved the clinical use of Hh inhibitor Erivedge/vismodegib for treatment of locally advanced and metastatic basal cell carcinomas. With further investigation, it is possible to see more clinical applications of Hh signaling inhibitors. In this review, we will summarize major advances in the last 3 years in our understanding of Hh signaling activation in human cancer, and recent developments in preclinical and clinical studies using Hh signaling inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwu Xie
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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8
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Dreier J, Felderer L, Barysch M, Rozati S, Dummer R. Basal cell carcinoma: a paradigm for targeted therapies. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2013; 14:1307-18. [DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2013.798644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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9
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DeCicco-Skinner KL, Nolan SJ, Deshpande MM, Trovato EL, Dempsey TA, Wiest JS. Altered prostanoid signaling contributes to increased skin tumorigenesis in Tpl2 knockout mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56212. [PMID: 23457529 PMCID: PMC3574127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common form of skin cancer with the incidence expected to double over the next 20 years. Inflammation is believed to be a critical component in skin cancer progression. Therefore, understanding genes involved in the regulation of inflammatory pathways is vital to the design of targeted therapies. Numerous studies show cyclooxygenases (COXs) play an essential role in inflammation-associated cancers. Tpl2 (MAP3K8) is a protein kinase in the MAP Kinase signal transduction cascade. Previous research using a two-stage skin carcinogenesis model revealed that Tpl2−/− mice have significantly higher tumor incidence and inflammatory response than wild-type (WT) controls. The current study investigates whether cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and COX-2- regulated prostaglandins and prostaglandin receptors drive the highly tumorigenic state of Tpl2−/− mice by investigating the relationship between Tpl2 and COX-2. Keratinocytes from newborn WT or Tpl2−/− mice were treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) for various times over 24 hours. Western analysis revealed significant differences in COX-2 and COX-2 dependent prostanoids and prostanoid receptors. Additionally, in vivo experiments confirmed that COX-2 and COX-2 downstream factors were elevated in TPA-treated Tpl2−/− skin, as well as in papillomas from Tpl2−/− mice. Use of the selective COX-2 inhibitor Celecoxib showed the increased tumorigenesis in the Tpl2−/− mice to primarily be mediated through COX-2. These experiments illustrate COX-2 induction in the absence of Tpl2 may be responsible for the increased tumorigenesis found in Tpl2−/− mice. Defining the relationship between Tpl2 and COX-2 may lead to new ways to downregulate COX-2 through the modulation of Tpl2.
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10
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Szkandera J, Kiesslich T, Haybaeck J, Gerger A, Pichler M. Hedgehog signaling pathway in ovarian cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:1179-96. [PMID: 23303278 PMCID: PMC3565315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14011179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 12/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in surgical and chemotherapeutic treatment options, less than 50% of patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer survive five years after initial diagnosis. In this regard, novel treatment approaches are warranted utilizing molecularly targeted therapies directed against particular components of specific signaling pathways which are required for tumor development and progression. One molecular pathway of interest is the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. Activation of the Hh pathway has been observed in several cancer types, including ovarian cancer. This review highlights the crucial role of Hh signaling in the development and progression of ovarian cancer and might lead to a better understanding of the Hh signaling in ovarian tumorigenesis, thus encouraging the investigation of novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szkandera
- Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; E-Mails: (J.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Tobias Kiesslich
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austria; E-Mail:
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; E-Mail:
| | - Armin Gerger
- Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; E-Mails: (J.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Martin Pichler
- Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; E-Mails: (J.S.); (A.G.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +43-316-385-81320; Fax: +43-316-385-13355
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11
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Yang L, Su X, Xie J. Activation of Hedgehog pathway in gastrointestinal cancers. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2012; 88:461-72. [PMID: 22391316 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394622-5.00020-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The hedgehog (Hh) pathway is a major regulator for cell differentiation, tissue polarity, and cell proliferation in embryonic development and homeostasis in adult tissue. Studies from many laboratories reveal activation of this pathway in a variety of human cancer, including basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), medulloblastomas, leukemia, gastrointestinal, lung, ovarian, breast, and prostate cancers. It is thus believed that targeted inhibition of Hh signaling may be effective in treatment and prevention of human cancer. Even more exciting is the discovery and synthesis of specific signaling antagonists for the Hh pathway, which have significant clinical implications in novel cancer therapeutics. In this review, we summarize major advances in the past 2 years in our understanding of Hh signaling activation in human gastrointestinal cancer and their potential in clinical treatment with Hh pathway inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- Clinical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical College, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
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12
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Gu D, Xie J. Research progress in the cell origin of basal cell carcinoma. World J Med Genet 2011; 1:11-13. [DOI: 10.5496/wjmg.v1.i1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of the cell origin of human neoplasms remains a challenging but important task in cancer research. The outcomes in this area of study may allow us to design novel strategies for early cancer detection and targeted cancer therapeutics. Skin is a great organ to study cancer stem cells because stem cells in skin have been well investigated and approaches of genetic manipulation in specific cell compartments are available to mimic clinical skin cancer in a mouse model. Recently, by using different genetic engineered mouse models, several groups have tried to discover which cell type in skin was responsible for the initiation of basal cell carcinoma, the most common type of skin cancer. These studies raised more questions but also showed more ways for future investigation.
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13
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Tumor Suppressor Function of CYLD in Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer. J Skin Cancer 2011; 2011:614097. [PMID: 22235375 PMCID: PMC3246786 DOI: 10.1155/2011/614097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin and ubiquitin-related proteins posttranslationally modify substrates, and thereby alter the functions of their targets. The ubiquitination process is involved in various physiological responses, and dysregulation of components of the ubiquitin system has been linked to many diseases including skin cancer. The ubiquitin pathways activated among skin cancers are highly diverse and may reflect the various characteristics of the cancer type. Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, the most common types of human skin cancer, are instances where the involvement of the deubiquitination enzyme CYLD has been recently highlighted. In basal cell carcinoma, the tumor suppressor protein CYLD is repressed at the transcriptional levels through hedgehog signaling pathway. Downregulation of CYLD in basal cell carcinoma was also shown to interfere with TrkC expression and signaling, thereby promoting cancer progression. By contrast, the level of CYLD is unchanged in squamous cell carcinoma, instead, catalytic inactivation of CYLD in the skin has been linked to the development of squamous cell carcinoma. This paper will focus on the current knowledge that links CYLD to nonmelanoma skin cancers and will explore recent insights regarding CYLD regulation of NF-κB and hedgehog signaling during the development and progression of these types of human tumors.
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Abstract
An increasing progress on the role of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling for carcinogenesis has been achieved since the link of Hh pathway to human cancer was firstly established. In particular, the critical role of Hh signaling in the development of Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) has been convincingly demonstrated by genetic mutation analyses, mouse models of BCCs, and successful clinical trials of BCCs using Hh signaling inhibitors. In addition, the Hh pathway activity is also reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), melanoma and Merkel Cell Carcinoma. These findings have significant new paradigm on Hh signaling transduction, its mechanisms in skin cancer and even therapeutic approaches for BCC. In this review, we will summarize the major advances in the understanding of Hh signaling transduction, the roles of Hh signaling in skin cancer development, and the current implications of "mechanism-based" therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Sumin Chi
- Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Jingwu Xie
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
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15
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Karpova MB, Barysch MJ, Zipser MC, Schönewolf N, French LE, Dummer R. Changing pathology with changing drugs: skin cancer. Pathobiology 2011; 78:61-75. [PMID: 21677470 DOI: 10.1159/000314576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Today skin cancer is mainly treated by surgical interventions. New findings concerning molecular biology and the signaling pathways in epithelial skin cancers such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma or melanoma, and mesenchymal skin cancers such as angiosarcoma and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) have identified new molecular targets for a systemic or local treatment approach. For DFSP there is an opportunity already today to reduce the intensity of surgical procedures by pretreatment with targeted therapy. This article highlights important aspects in several skin cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Karpova
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Switzerland.
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16
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Samuel MS, Lopez JI, McGhee EJ, Croft DR, Strachan D, Timpson P, Munro J, Schröder E, Zhou J, Brunton VG, Barker N, Clevers H, Sansom OJ, Anderson KI, Weaver VM, Olson MF. Actomyosin-mediated cellular tension drives increased tissue stiffness and β-catenin activation to induce epidermal hyperplasia and tumor growth. Cancer Cell 2011; 19:776-91. [PMID: 21665151 PMCID: PMC3115541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Revised: 03/11/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tumors and associated stroma manifest mechanical properties that promote cancer. Mechanosensation of tissue stiffness activates the Rho/ROCK pathway to increase actomyosin-mediated cellular tension to re-establish force equilibrium. To determine how actomyosin tension affects tissue homeostasis and tumor development, we expressed conditionally active ROCK2 in mouse skin. ROCK activation elevated tissue stiffness via increased collagen. β-catenin, a key element of mechanotranscription pathways, was stabilized by ROCK activation leading to nuclear accumulation, transcriptional activation, and consequent hyperproliferation and skin thickening. Inhibiting actomyosin contractility by blocking LIMK or myosin ATPase attenuated these responses, as did FAK inhibition. Tumor number, growth, and progression were increased by ROCK activation, while ROCK blockade was inhibitory, implicating actomyosin-mediated cellular tension and consequent collagen deposition as significant tumor promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose I Lopez
- Department of Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ewan J McGhee
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Daniel R Croft
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - David Strachan
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Paul Timpson
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - June Munro
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | | | - Jing Zhou
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Edinburgh EH4 2X9, UK
| | | | - Nick Barker
- Hubrecht Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Hans Clevers
- Hubrecht Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Owen J Sansom
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
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17
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Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma is the most common human malignancy in populations of European origin, and Australia has the highest incidence of basal cell carcinoma in the world. Great advances in the understanding of the genetics of this cancer have occurred in recent years. Mutations of the patched 1 gene (PTCH1) lead to basal cell carcinoma predisposition in Gorlin syndrome. PTCH1 is part of the hedgehog signalling pathway, and derangements within this pathway are now known to be important in the carcinogenesis of many different cancers including sporadic basal cell carcinoma. The molecular biology of the hedgehog pathway is discussed, and mouse models of basal cell carcinoma based on this pathway are explored. New developments in non-surgical treatment of basal cell carcinoma are based on this knowledge. Other genes of importance to basal cell carcinoma development include the tumour suppressor gene P53 and the melanocortin-1 receptor gene. In addition, we discuss molecules of possible importance such as the glutathione-S-transferases, DNA repair genes, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, Brahma and connexins. Evidence of familial aggregation of this cancer is explored and supports the possibility of genetic predisposition to this common malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally E de Zwaan
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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18
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Liu H, Gu D, Xie J. Clinical implications of hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitors. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2011; 30:13-26. [PMID: 21192841 PMCID: PMC3137255 DOI: 10.5732/cjc.010.10540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Revised: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hedgehog was first described in Drosophila melanogaster by the Nobel laureates Eric Wieschaus and Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard. The hedgehog (Hh) pathway is a major regulator of cell differentiation, proliferation, tissue polarity, stem cell maintenance, and carcinogenesis. The first link of Hh signaling to cancer was established through studies of a rare familial disease, Gorlin syndrome, in 1996. Follow-up studies revealed activation of this pathway in basal cell carcinoma, medulloblastoma and, leukemia as well as in gastrointestinal, lung, ovarian, breast, and prostate cancer. Targeted inhibition of Hh signaling is now believed to be effective in the treatment and prevention of human cancer. The discovery and synthesis of specific inhibitors for this pathway are even more exciting. In this review, we summarize major advances in the understanding of Hh signaling pathway activation in human cancer, mouse models for studying Hh-mediated carcinogenesis, the roles of Hh signaling in tumor development and metastasis, antagonists for Hh signaling and their clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailan Liu
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
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19
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Activation of the hedgehog-signaling pathway in human cancer and the clinical implications. Oncogene 2009; 29:469-81. [PMID: 19935712 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The hedgehog pathway, initially discovered by two Nobel laureates Drs E Wieschaus and C Nusslein-Volhard in Drosophila, is a major regulator for cell differentiation, tissue polarity and cell proliferation. Studies from many laboratories reveal activation of this pathway in a variety of human cancer, including basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), medulloblastomas, leukemia, gastrointestinal, lung, ovarian, breast and prostate cancers. It is thus believed that targeted inhibition of hedgehog signaling may be effective in treatment and prevention of human cancer. Even more exciting is the discovery and synthesis of specific signaling antagonists for the hedgehog pathway, which have significant clinical implications in novel cancer therapeutics. In this review, we will summarize major advances in the last 2 years in our understanding of hedgehog signaling activation in human cancer, interactions between hedgehog signaling and other pathways in carcinogenesis, potential antagonists for hedgehog signaling inhibition and their clinical implications for human cancer treatment.
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20
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Abstract
The hedgehog (Hh) pathway, initially discovered in Drosophila by two Nobel laureates, Dr. Eric Wieschaus and Dr. Christiane Nusslein-Volhard, is a major regulator for cell differentiation, tissue polarity and cell proliferation. Studies from many laboratories, including ours, reveal activation of this pathway in most basal cell carcinomas and in approximately 30% of extracutaneous human cancers, including medulloblastomas, gastrointestinal, lung, breast and prostate cancers. Thus, it is believed that targeted inhibition of Hh signaling may be effective in treating and preventing many types of human cancers. Even more exciting is the discovery and synthesis of specific signaling antagonists for the Hh pathway, which have significant clinical implications in novel cancer therapeutics. This review discusses the major advances in the current understanding of Hh signaling activation in different types of human cancers, the molecular basis of Hh signaling activation, the major antagonists for Hh signaling inhibition and their potential clinical application in human cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwu Xie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Sealy Center for Cancer Cell Biology, University of Texas at Galveston, Galveston, Texas 77555-1048, USA.
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