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Sanghani AD, Patel RK, Dave SR, Tipre DR. Culturable heterotrophic bacterial diversity study from an Indian lignite mine habitat. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:649. [PMID: 37160469 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11176-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Diversity lifts the productivity of any ecosystem as all the species have a vital role to play that is present within the ecosystem. The characterization is essential to delve into the ecological functions of microbial communities and discover the type of microorganisms present within the ecosystem. As microbial diversity in ecosystems responds to environmental disturbances, it functions as a marker to indicate the change in such ecosystems. Mine ecology differs significantly from other habitats due to the presence of acidic runoff. This paper provides insight into the diversity of cultivable bacteria isolated from lignite mines located in south Gujarat. A total of 67 heterotrophic isolates were successfully cultivated from the collected solid and water samples of the Rajpardi and Tadkeshwar Lignite mine sites. The isolates were characterized morphologically and biochemically, and intra- and extracellular enzyme synthesis were studied. Moreover, the relative density and frequency of cultivated isolates from the samples were calculated. The similarity and evenness of the heterotrophic isolated were studied by calculating diversity indices such as Shannon and Simpson. Alpha diversity was calculated in PAST software to analyse the similarity between the selected two mine sites. This research also explored the relationship between the variance in heterotrophic microbial diversity and substrate utilization richness of the studied lignite mines of Gujarat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana D Sanghani
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
- Bioinformatics and Supercomputer Lab, Department of Biosciences, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, 395007, India
| | - Rajesh K Patel
- Bioinformatics and Supercomputer Lab, Department of Biosciences, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, 395007, India
| | - Shailesh R Dave
- Xavier's Research Foundation, Loyola Centre for R & D, St. Xavier College Campus, Navarangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Devayani R Tipre
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India.
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Messias TG, Alves PRL, Cardoso EJBN. Are the Brazilian prevention values for copper and zinc in soils suitable for protecting earthworms against metal toxicity? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:40641-40653. [PMID: 36622600 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-25106-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The current Brazilian copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) prevention values (PV) for soil quality do not take into account the ecotoxicological impacts on soil organisms, which suggests these guiding values may not be protective of soil ecological trophic levels. This study assessed the acute (mortality) and chronic toxicity (reproduction), as well as the cumulative (bioaccumulation) potential of Cu and Zn (pseudo-total and available fractions) for earthworms Eisenia andrei in a Tropical Artificial Soil (TAS) and two tropical field soils (Oxisol and Alfisol). Toxicity data based on pseudo-total fractions were compared to PV. The Lowest Observed Effect Concentrations (LOEC) for the mortality endpoint were found at Cu and Zn concentrations higher than their PV (60 and 300 mg kg-1, respectively), regardless of the soil type. However, concentrations lower than PV reduced the reproduction of E. andrei by 20% (compared to the controls) for Cu in all tested soils (EC20s from 31.7 to 51.2 mg kg-1) and by 50% for Zn in Oxisol and Alfisol (EC50s = 225 and 283 mg kg-1, respectively). In TAS, only the EC20 (273 mg kg-1) for Zn was lower than PV. Increases of Cu in earthworm tissues occurred at concentrations higher than PV in all tested soils (LOEC values from 70 to 107 mg kg-1). The same was observed for Zn in TAS (LOEC = 497 mg kg-1), while in the field soils, the increases of Zn in earthworm tissues were lower than PV (LOEC = 131 and 259 mg kg-1 in Alfisol and Oxisol, respectively). We suggest the following: (1) The current Brazilian PV for Cu and Zn are not protective for earthworms (E. andrei) in the field soils tested; (2) PV derived from ecotoxicological assays in artificial soil cannot be representative for Brazilian field soils; (3) Using PV based on the pseudo-total fraction, without a soil-type normalizing factor, may limit the representativeness of this threshold for different soil types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tâmara Guindo Messias
- Department of Soil Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, 13416-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roger Lopes Alves
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Av. Fernando Machado, 108-E, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, 89802-112, Brazil.
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Singh S, Hiranmai RY. Monitoring and molecular characterization of bacterial species in heavy metals contaminated roadside soil of selected region along NH 8A, Gujarat. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08284. [PMID: 34778577 PMCID: PMC8577108 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination is a universal concern due to health risks associated with metal pollution. Soil contamination by heavy metals is known to affect microbial activities at elevated concentrations adversely. However, indigenous soil bacterial populations' response to added heavy metal and metal combinations is poorly understood. Microbes prevailing in the soil are the driving factors. Their properties are recognized as sensitive indicators of soil quality and health. Moreover, these microscopic organisms are accountable for the fertility and aeration of the soil that forms fundamental aspects of soil function. The current study was performed to explore the diversity of bacterial species in heavy metal polluted roadside soil. The roadside soil samples were collected from diverse sites and processed for physicochemical properties, microbial characterization, and heavy metals distribution in the selected locations. Serial dilution and spread plate techniques were used for the isolation of bacterial species. The 16S-rRNA gene sequencing identified bacterial species in roadside soil as Bacillus drentensis (MK217088), Bacillus safensis (MK774729), Bacillus haynesii (MK192808), Bacillus subtilis (MK217089), and Bacillus cereus (MK801278). In addition, the 16S rRNA sequences of isolated bacterial strains were aligned to generate a phylogenetic tree. Thus, the current research study provides a platform for efficiently investigating roadside soils by microbial profiling that may discover novel microbes of scientific significance and improved potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Singh
- School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382030, India
| | - R Y Hiranmai
- School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382030, India
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Maluin FN, Hussein MZ. Chitosan-Based Agronanochemicals as a Sustainable Alternative in Crop Protection. Molecules 2020; 25:E1611. [PMID: 32244664 PMCID: PMC7180820 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise in the World's food demand in line with the increase of the global population has resulted in calls for more research on the production of sustainable food and sustainable agriculture. A natural biopolymer, chitosan, coupled with nanotechnology could offer a sustainable alternative to the use of conventional agrochemicals towards a safer agriculture industry. Here, we review the potential of chitosan-based agronanochemicals as a sustainable alternative in crop protection against pests, diseases as well as plant growth promoters. Such effort offers better alternatives: (1) the existing agricultural active ingredients can be encapsulated into chitosan nanocarriers for the formation of potent biocides against plant pathogens and pests; (2) the controlled release properties and high bioavailability of the nanoformulations help in minimizing the wastage and leaching of the agrochemicals' active ingredients; (3) the small size, in the nanometer regime, enhances the penetration on the plant cell wall and cuticle, which in turn increases the argochemical uptake; (4) the encapsulation of agrochemicals in chitosan nanocarriers shields the toxic effect of the free agrochemicals on the plant, cells and DNA, thus, minimizing the negative impacts of agrochemical active ingredients on human health and environmental wellness. In addition, this article also briefly reviews the mechanism of action of chitosan against pathogens and the elicitations of plant immunity and defense response activities of chitosan-treated plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohd Zobir Hussein
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia;
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Rangasamy K, Athiappan M, Devarajan N, Parray JA, Shameem N, Aruljothi KN, Hashem A, Alqarawi AA, Abd_Allah EF. Cloning and Expression of the Organophosphate Pesticide-Degrading α- β Hydrolase Gene in Plasmid pMK-07 to Confer Cross-Resistance to Antibiotics. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:1535209. [PMID: 29862253 PMCID: PMC5976953 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1535209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pesticide residual persistence in agriculture soil selectively increases the pesticide-degrading population and transfers the pesticide-degrading gene to other populations, leading to cross-resistance to a wide range of antibiotics. The enzymes that degrade pesticides can also catabolize the antibiotics by inducing changes in the gene or protein structure through induced mutations. The present work focuses on the pesticide-degrading bacteria isolated from an agricultural field that develop cross-resistance to antibiotics. This cross-resistance is developed through catabolic gene clusters present in an extrachromosomal plasmid. A larger plasmid (236.7 Kbp) isolated from Bacillus sp. was sequenced by next-generation sequencing, and important features such as α-β hydrolase, DNA topoisomerase, DNA polymerase III subunit beta, reverse transcriptase, plasmid replication rep X, recombination U, transposase, and S-formylglutathione hydrolase were found in this plasmid. Among these, the α-β hydrolase enzyme is known for the degradation of organophosphate pesticides. The cloning and expression of the α-β hydrolase gene imply nonspecific cleavage of antibiotics through a cross-resistance phenomenon in the host. The docking of α-β hydrolase with a spectrum of antibiotics showed a high G-score against chloramphenicol (-3.793), streptomycin (-2.865), cefotaxime (-5.885), ampicillin (-4.316), and tetracycline (-3.972). This study concludes that continuous exposure to pesticide residues may lead to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains among the wild microbial flora.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Murugan Athiappan
- Department of Microbiology, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Javid A. Parray
- Department of Environmental Science, Government SAM Degree College Budgam, Jammu & Kashmir 191111, India
| | - Nowsheen Shameem
- Department of Environmental Science, Cluster University Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir 190001, India
| | - K. N. Aruljothi
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz A. Alqarawi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Sun H, Wu Y, Bing H, Zhou J, Li N. Available forms of nutrients and heavy metals control the distribution of microbial phospholipid fatty acids in sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:5740-5751. [PMID: 29230650 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0824-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The construction of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) as well as the development of local industry and agriculture not only had tremendous impacts on the environment but also affected human health. Although water, soil, and air in the TGR have been well studied for environmental risk assessment, very little information is available on benthic sediments and microorganisms. In this study, sedimentary samples were collected along the main stream of the TGR to examine microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) and relevant variables (e.g., nutrients and heavy metals) after the full operation of the TGR. The results showed that there were prominent trends (increase or decrease) of sedimentary PLFAs and properties from downstream to upstream. Bacteria-specific PLFA decreased toward the dam, while fungi-specific PLFA did not show any significant trend. The PLFA ratio of fungi to bacteria (F/B) increased along the mainstream. The total PLFA concentration, which represents the microbial biomass, decreased significantly toward the dam. Upstream and downstream sampling points were clearly distinguished by PLFA ordination in the redundancy analysis (RDA). That finding showed microbial PLFAs to have an obvious distribution pattern (increase or decrease) in the TGR. The PLFA distribution was markedly controlled by nutrients and heavy metals, but nutrients were more important. Moreover, among nutrients, Bio-P, NH4+-N, NO3--N, and DOC were more important than TP, TN, TOC, and pH in controlling PLFA distribution. For heavy metals, Tl, V, Mo, and Ni were more important than Zn, Cu, Cd, and Pb. These findings suggested that Tl, V, Mo, and Ni should not be ignored to guard against their pollution in the TGR, and we should pay attention to them and make them our first priority. This study highlighted that the construction of the TGR changed riverine environments and altered microbial communities in sediments by affecting sedimentary properties. It is a reminder that the microbial ecology of sediment as an indicator should be considered in assessing the eco-risk of the TGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Sun
- Alpine Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station of Gongga Mountain, The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #9, Block 4, Renminnanlu Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanhong Wu
- Alpine Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station of Gongga Mountain, The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #9, Block 4, Renminnanlu Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Haijian Bing
- Alpine Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station of Gongga Mountain, The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #9, Block 4, Renminnanlu Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Alpine Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station of Gongga Mountain, The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #9, Block 4, Renminnanlu Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Na Li
- Alpine Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station of Gongga Mountain, The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #9, Block 4, Renminnanlu Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Mahanty T, Bhattacharjee S, Goswami M, Bhattacharyya P, Das B, Ghosh A, Tribedi P. Biofertilizers: a potential approach for sustainable agriculture development. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:3315-3335. [PMID: 27888482 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8104-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide increase in human population raises a big threat to the food security of each people as the land for agriculture is limited and even getting reduced with time. Therefore, it is essential that agricultural productivity should be enhanced significantly within the next few decades to meet the large demand of food by emerging population. Not to mention, too much dependence on chemical fertilizers for more crop productions inevitably damages both environmental ecology and human health with great severity. Exploitation of microbes as biofertilizers is considered to some extent an alternative to chemical fertilizers in agricultural sector due to their extensive potentiality in enhancing crop production and food safety. It has been observed that some microorganisms including plant growth promoting bacteria, fungi, Cyanobacteria, etc. have showed biofertilizer-like activities in the agricultural sector. Extensive works on biofertilizers have revealed their capability of providing required nutrients to the crop in sufficient amounts that resulted in the enhancement of crop yield. The present review elucidates various mechanisms that have been exerted by biofertilizers in order to promote plant growth and also provides protection against different plant pathogens. The aim of this review is to discuss the important roles and applications of biofertilizers in different sectors including agriculture, bioremediation, and ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trishna Mahanty
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Surajit Bhattacharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Madhurankhi Goswami
- Department of Microbiology, Assam Don Bosco University, Guwahati, Assam, 781017, India
| | - Purnita Bhattacharyya
- Department of Microbiology, Assam Don Bosco University, Guwahati, Assam, 781017, India
| | - Bannhi Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Mount Carmel College, Bangalore, 560 052, India
| | - Abhrajyoti Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute Centenary Campus, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Prosun Tribedi
- Department of Microbiology, Assam Don Bosco University, Guwahati, Assam, 781017, India.
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Nirola R, Megharaj M, Beecham S, Aryal R, Thavamani P, Vankateswarlu K, Saint C. Remediation of metalliferous mines, revegetation challenges and emerging prospects in semi-arid and arid conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:20131-20150. [PMID: 27539471 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7372-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Understanding plant behaviour in polluted soils is critical for the sustainable remediation of metal-polluted sites including abandoned mines. Post-operational and abandoned metal mines particularly in semi-arid and arid zones are one of the major sources of pollution by soil erosion or plant hyperaccumulation bringing ecological impacts. We have selected from the literature 157 species belonging to 50 families to present a global overview of 'plants under action' against heavy metal pollution. Generally, all species of plants that are drought, salt and metal tolerant are candidates of interest to deal with harsh environmental conditions, particularly at semi-arid and arid mine sites. Pioneer metallophytes namely Atriplex nummularia, Atriplex semibaccata, Salsola kali, Phragmites australis and Medicago sativa, representing the taxonomic orders Caryophyllales, Poales and Fabales are evaluated in terms of phytoremediation in this review. Phytoremediation processes, microbial and algal bioremediation, the use and implication of tissue culture and biotechnology are critically examined. Overall, an integration of available remediation plant-based technologies, referred to here as 'integrated remediation technology,' is proposed to be one of the possible ways ahead to effectively address problems of toxic heavy metal pollution. Graphical abstract Integrated remediation technology (IRT) in metal-contaminated semi-arid and arid conditions. The hexagonal red line represents an IRT concept based on remediation decisions by combination of plants and microbial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkrishna Nirola
- Future Industries Institute, Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia.
- Natural & Built Environments Research Centre, Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia.
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, ATC Building, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Simon Beecham
- Natural & Built Environments Research Centre, Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Rupak Aryal
- Natural & Built Environments Research Centre, Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Palanisami Thavamani
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, ATC Building, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | | | - Christopher Saint
- Natural & Built Environments Research Centre, Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia
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Zhang C, Nie S, Liang J, Zeng G, Wu H, Hua S, Liu J, Yuan Y, Xiao H, Deng L, Xiang H. Effects of heavy metals and soil physicochemical properties on wetland soil microbial biomass and bacterial community structure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 557-558:785-90. [PMID: 27046142 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) contamination is a serious environmental issue in wetland soil. Understanding the micro ecological characteristic of HMs polluted wetland soil has become a public concern. The goal of this study was to identify the effects of HMs and soil physicochemical properties on soil microorganisms and prioritize some parameters that contributed significantly to soil microbial biomass (SMB) and bacterial community structure. Bacterial community structure was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). Relationships between soil environment and microorganisms were analyzed by correlation analysis and redundancy analysis (RDA). The result indicated relationship between SMB and HMs was weaker than SMB and physicochemical properties. The RDA showed all eight parameters explained 74.9% of the variation in the bacterial DGGE profiles. 43.4% (contain the variation shared by Cr, Cd, Pb and Cu) of the variation for bacteria was explained by the four kinds of HMs, demonstrating HMs contamination had a significant influence on the changes of bacterial community structure. Cr solely explained 19.4% (p<0.05) of the variation for bacterial community structure, and Cd explained 17.5% (p<0.05), indicating Cr and Cd were the major factors related to bacterial community structure changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Shuang Nie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jie Liang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Haipeng Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Shanshan Hua
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jiayu Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yujie Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Haibing Xiao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Linjing Deng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Hongyu Xiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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Nirola R, Megharaj M, Aryal R, Naidu R. Screening of metal uptake by plant colonizers growing on abandoned copper mine in Kapunda, South Australia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:399-405. [PMID: 26552328 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1109599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Systematic site survey for sample collection and analysis was conducted at a derelict copper (Cu) mine at Kapunda, South Australia. Cu concentrations in the soils at this former mine ranged from 65-10107 mg kg(-1). The pH and EC varied widely in the 3.9-8.4 and 152-7311 µS ranges, respectively. Nine plant species growing over the copper mine site were selected to screen for metal uptake to determine their suitability for phytoremediation. The Australian native tree species Eucalyptus camaldulensis indicated enrichment factor (EF) of 2.17, 1.89, and 1.30 for Cu, Zn, and Pb, respectively, suggesting that this species of tree can accumulate these metals to some degree. The stress-resistant exotic olive, Olea europaea exhibited EF of ≤ 0.01 for Cu, Cd, and Pb, and 0.29 for Zn, which is characteristic of an excluder plant. Acacia pycnantha, the Australian pioneer legume species with EF 0.03, 0.80, 0.32, and 0.01 for Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb, respectively, emerged as another strong metal excluder and consequently as an ideal metal stabilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkrishna Nirola
- a Future Industries Institute Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, University of South Australia , Adelaide , SA , Australia
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- b Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle , ATC Building, Callaghan, Newcastle , NSW , Australia
| | - Rupak Aryal
- c School of Natural and Built Environments, Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, University of South Australia , Adelaide , SA , Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- b Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle , ATC Building, Callaghan, Newcastle , NSW , Australia
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Biswas B, Sarkar B, Mandal A, Naidu R. Heavy metal-immobilizing organoclay facilitates polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation in mixed-contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 298:129-137. [PMID: 26022853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Soils contaminated with a mixture of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pose toxic metal stress to native PAH-degrading microorganisms. Adsorbents such as clay and modified clay minerals can bind the metal and reduce its toxicity to microorganisms. However, in a mixed-contaminated soil, an adsorption process more specific to the metals without affecting the bioavailability of PAHs is desired for effective degradation. Furthermore, the adsorbent should enhance the viability of PAH-degrading microorganisms. A metal-immobilizing organoclay (Arquad(®) 2HT-75-bentonite treated with palmitic acid) (MIOC) able to reduce metal (cadmium (Cd)) toxicity and enhance PAH (phenanthrene) biodegradation was developed and characterized in this study. The MIOC differed considerably from the parent clay in terms of its ability to reduce metal toxicity (MIOC>unmodified bentonite>Arquad-bentonite). The MIOC variably increased the microbial count (10-43%) as well as activities (respiration 3-44%; enzymatic activities up to 68%), and simultaneously maintained phenanthrene in bioavailable form in a Cd-phenanthrene mixed-contaminated soil over a 21-day incubation period. This study may lead to a new MIOC-assisted bioremediation technique for PAHs in mixed-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhabananda Biswas
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, SA 5095, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, P.O. Box 486, Salisbury, SA 5106, Australia
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, SA 5095, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, P.O. Box 486, Salisbury, SA 5106, Australia
| | - Asit Mandal
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, SA 5095, Australia; Division of Soil Biology, Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, SA 5095, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, P.O. Box 486, Salisbury, SA 5106, Australia
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Megharaj M, Ramakrishnan B, Venkateswarlu K, Sethunathan N, Naidu R. Bioremediation approaches for organic pollutants: a critical perspective. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2011; 37:1362-75. [PMID: 21722961 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Due to human activities to a greater extent and natural processes to some extent, a large number of organic chemical substances such as petroleum hydrocarbons, halogenated and nitroaromatic compounds, phthalate esters, solvents and pesticides pollute the soil and aquatic environments. Remediation of these polluted sites following the conventional engineering approaches based on physicochemical methods is both technically and economically challenging. Bioremediation that involves the capabilities of microorganisms in the removal of pollutants is the most promising, relatively efficient and cost-effective technology. However, the current bioremediation approaches suffer from a number of limitations which include the poor capabilities of microbial communities in the field, lesser bioavailability of contaminants on spatial and temporal scales, and absence of bench-mark values for efficacy testing of bioremediation for their widespread application in the field. The restoration of all natural functions of some polluted soils remains impractical and, hence, the application of the principle of function-directed remediation may be sufficient to minimize the risks of persistence and spreading of pollutants. This review selectively examines and provides a critical view on the knowledge gaps and limitations in field application strategies, approaches such as composting, electrobioremediation and microbe-assisted phytoremediation, and the use of probes and assays for monitoring and testing the efficacy of bioremediation of polluted sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, SA 5095, Australia
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Megharaj M, Venkateswarlu K, Naidu R. Effects of carbaryl and 1-naphthol on soil population of cyanobacteria and microalgae and select cultures of diazotrophic cyanobacteria. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2011; 87:324-329. [PMID: 21706293 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-011-0347-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Carbaryl application to soil collected from a rice fallow field was relatively less toxic to viable estimates of cyanobacteria and microalgae under nonflooded conditions than under flooded conditions. Application of 1-naphthol, the hydrolysis product of carbaryl, to soil under both the regimes increased the population of both cyanobacteria and microalgae. Soil application of carbaryl and 1-naphthol in combination, up to 1.0 kg ha(-1), was nontoxic to the viable population. The toxicity exerted by carbaryl and 1-naphthol towards growth, measured in terms of chlorophyll a, and nitrogenase activity was more pronounced in Anabaena spp. than in Nostoc spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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