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Hutchings H, Zhang Q, Grady SC, Cox J, Popoff A, Wilson CP, Zhu S, Okereke I. Lung Cancer and Air Quality in a Large Urban County in the United States. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2146. [PMID: 38893265 PMCID: PMC11172138 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16112146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cancer-related killer in the United States. The incidence varies geographically and may be affected by environmental pollutants. Our goal was to determine associations within time series for specific air pollutants and lung cancer cases over a 33-year period in Wayne County, Michigan, controlling for population change. Lung cancer data for Wayne County were queried from the Michigan Cancer Registry from 1985 to 2018. Air pollutant data were obtained from the United States Environmental Protection Agency from 1980 to 2018. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models were estimated to investigate time lags in years between specific air pollution levels and lung cancer development. A total of 58,866 cases of lung cancer were identified. The mean age was 67.8 years. Females accounted for 53 percent of all cases in 2018 compared to 44 percent in 1985. Three major clusters of lung cancer incidence were detected with the most intense clusters in downtown Detroit and the heavily industrialized downriver area. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) had the strongest statistically significant relationship with lung cancer, showing both short- and long-term effects (lag range, 1-15 years). Particulate matter (PM2.5) (lag range, 1-3 years) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (lag range, 2-4 years) had more immediate effects on lung cancer development compared to carbon monoxide (CO) (lag range, 5-6 years), hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) (lag range, 9 years) and lead (Pb) (lag range, 10-12 years), which had more long-term effects on lung cancer development. Areas with poor air quality may benefit from targeted interventions for lung cancer screening and reductions in environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hollis Hutchings
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (H.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (Q.Z.); (C.P.W.)
| | - Sue C. Grady
- Department of Geography, Environment and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (S.C.G.); (S.Z.)
| | - Jessica Cox
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;
| | - Andrew Popoff
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (H.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Carl P. Wilson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (Q.Z.); (C.P.W.)
| | - Shangrui Zhu
- Department of Geography, Environment and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (S.C.G.); (S.Z.)
| | - Ikenna Okereke
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (H.H.); (A.P.)
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2
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Wendan W, Mengyu L, Qiufeng Z. Decreased levels of sex hormones in females with solitary pulmonary nodules were risk factors for malignancy. J Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 19:119. [PMID: 38475837 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02609-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this research was to detect the relationship between the levels of sex hormones in females with solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) and their potential malignancies. METHODS A total of 187 consecutive patients with pathologically confirmed SPNs by chest CT were enrolled in our study. They were divided into two groups based on the pathologic findings of SPNs after surgery: benign and malignant SPNs. Progesterone (P), estradiol (E2), and testosterone (T) levels in the two groups were measured. Meanwhile, we used binary logistic regression analysis to analyze the risk factors for SPNs. RESULTS Of these 187 patients, 73 had benign SPNs, while 114 had malignant SPNs. We found that the levels of progesterone (P), estradiol (E2), and testosterone (T) were decreased significantly in patients with malignant SPNs compared to patients with benign SPNs (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that second-hand smoke, burr sign, lobulation sign, pleural traction sign, vascular convergence sign, vacuole sign, and ≥ 1 cm nodules were independent risk factors for malignant pulmonary nodules in females. CONCLUSIONS Decreased levels of sex hormones in females were associated with malignant pulmonary nodules, suggesting that they can contribute to the diagnosis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Wendan
- Department of Internal Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, HangZhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Mengyu
- Department of Internal Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, HangZhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhang Qiufeng
- Department of Internal Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, HangZhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhou H, Wu R, Li H. Silencing circLDLRAD3 Inhibits Lung Cancer Progression by Regulating the miR-497-5p/PFKP Axis. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01047-3. [PMID: 38427179 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01047-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Recent studies have shown that circular RNAs are dysregulated in a variety of cancers, but the mechanism in lung cancer is still indistinct. In our work, we explored the action mechanism of circLDLRAD3 in lung cancer. METHODS The abundance of circLDLRAD3, microRNA-497-5p (miR-497-5p) and platelet-type PFK (PFKP) was measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in lung cancer. Meanwhile, the level of PFKP was quantified by western blot. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, transwell assay, wound healing assay, flow cytometry, western blot, immunohistochemical (IHC) assay and glycolysis metabolism analysis were performed for functional analyses. Furthermore, the interplay between miR-497-5p and circLDLRAD3 or FKPF was detected by the dual-luciferase reporter and RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Eventually, the in vivo experiments were applied to measure the role of circLDLRAD3. RESULT The levels of circLDLRAD3 and PFKP were increased. Silencing circLDLRAD3 inhibited cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion and glycolysis metabolism and promoted cell apoptosis in lung cancer cells. In mechanism, circLDLRAD3 regulated PFKP level as a miR-497-5p sponge. MiR-497-5p suppressed the progression of lung cancer by inhibiting PFKP. In addition, circLDLRAD3 knockdown also inhibited tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION CircLDLRAD3 promoted the development of lung cancer through increasing PFKP expression by regulating miR-497-5p, which also provided a potential targeted therapy for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yantaxi Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yantaxi Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yantaxi Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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4
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Li Y, Xiao X, Li J, Han Y, Cheng C, Fernandes GF, Slewitzke SE, Rosenberg SM, Zhu M, Byun J, Bossé Y, McKay JD, Albanes D, Lam S, Tardon A, Chen C, Bojesen SE, Landi MT, Johansson M, Risch A, Bickeböller H, Wichmann HE, Christiani DC, Rennert G, Arnold SM, Goodman GE, Field JK, Davies MP, Shete S, Marchand LL, Liu G, Hung RJ, Andrew AS, Kiemeney LA, Sun R, Zienolddiny S, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Caporaso NE, Cox A, Hong YC, Lazarus P, Schabath MB, Aldrich MC, Schwartz AG, Gorlov I, Purrington KS, Yang P, Liu Y, Bailey-Wilson JE, Pinney SM, Mandal D, Willey JC, Gaba C, Brennan P, Xia J, Shen H, Amos CI. Lung Cancer in Ever- and Never-Smokers: Findings from Multi-Population GWAS Studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:389-399. [PMID: 38180474 PMCID: PMC10905670 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-0613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical, molecular, and genetic epidemiology studies displayed remarkable differences between ever- and never-smoking lung cancer. METHODS We conducted a stratified multi-population (European, East Asian, and African descent) association study on 44,823 ever-smokers and 20,074 never-smokers to identify novel variants that were missed in the non-stratified analysis. Functional analysis including expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) colocalization and DNA damage assays, and annotation studies were conducted to evaluate the functional roles of the variants. We further evaluated the impact of smoking quantity on lung cancer risk for the variants associated with ever-smoking lung cancer. RESULTS Five novel independent loci, GABRA4, intergenic region 12q24.33, LRRC4C, LINC01088, and LCNL1 were identified with the association at two or three populations (P < 5 × 10-8). Further functional analysis provided multiple lines of evidence suggesting the variants affect lung cancer risk through excessive DNA damage (GABRA4) or cis-regulation of gene expression (LCNL1). The risk of variants from 12 independent regions, including the well-known CHRNA5, associated with ever-smoking lung cancer was evaluated for never-smokers, light-smokers (packyear ≤ 20), and moderate-to-heavy-smokers (packyear > 20). Different risk patterns were observed for the variants among the different groups by smoking behavior. CONCLUSIONS We identified novel variants associated with lung cancer in only ever- or never-smoking groups that were missed by prior main-effect association studies. IMPACT Our study highlights the genetic heterogeneity between ever- and never-smoking lung cancer and provides etiologic insights into the complicated genetic architecture of this deadly cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Li
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jianrong Li
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Younghun Han
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Chao Cheng
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Gail F. Fernandes
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Shannon E. Slewitzke
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Susan M. Rosenberg
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Meng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jinyoung Byun
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - James D. McKay
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Demetrios Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephen Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Public Health Department, University of Oviedo, ISPA and CIBERESP, Asturias, Spain
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stig E. Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria T. Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Angela Risch
- Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Heidelberg, Germany
- University of Salzburg and Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - David C. Christiani
- Departments of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center at Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | | | | | - John K. Field
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P.A. Davies
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- University Health Network- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, California
| | - Rayjean J. Hung
- Luenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Angeline S. Andrew
- Departments of Epidemiology and Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | | | - Ryan Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Neil E. Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Angela Cox
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Matthew B. Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Melinda C. Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ann G. Schwartz
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Ivan Gorlov
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Kristen S. Purrington
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Ping Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Susan M. Pinney
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Diptasri Mandal
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - James C. Willey
- College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Colette Gaba
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Paul Brennan
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Jun Xia
- Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Christopher I. Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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Reddy RM, Lagisetty K, Lin J, Chang AC, Achreja A, Ramnath N, Nagrath D, Dickson R, Weinberg F. Comprehensive sampling of the lung microbiome in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. JTCVS OPEN 2024; 17:260-268. [PMID: 38420555 PMCID: PMC10897652 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2023.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Data are scarce on whether the composition of the lung microbiome (extending from the nasopharynx to the peripheral lung tissue) varies according to histology or grade of non-small cell lung cancer. We hypothesized that the composition of the lung microbiome would vary according to the histology and the grade of non-small cell lung cancer. Methods We collected naso-oral and central lobar (cancer affected, ipsilateral unaffected, and contralateral unaffected) bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and brushing samples from patients with clinical early-stage lung cancer between July 2018 and February 2020 at a single academic center. We performed bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing and then compared clinical and pathologic findings with microbiome signatures. Results Samples were collected from 28 patients. Microbial composition in affected lobes displayed unique enrichment of oropharyngeal bacterial species that was significantly different compared with that from the unaffected contralateral lobes; patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease had similar diversity to those without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (P = .1312). The lung microbiome diversity in patients with adenocarcinoma was similar to those with squamous cell cancer (P = .27). There were no differences in diversity or composition in the unaffected lobes of patients with adenocarcinoma versus squamous cell cancer. There was a trend toward lower lung microbial diversity in poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas compared with well-differentiated adenocarcinomas (P = .08). Conclusions The lung microbiota differs between cancer affected and unaffected lobes in the same patient. Furthermore, poorly differentiated lung cancers were associated with lower microbial diversity. Larger studies will be required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishindra M. Reddy
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Kiran Lagisetty
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Jules Lin
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Andrew C. Chang
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Abhinav Achreja
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Nithya Ramnath
- Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Deepak Nagrath
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Robert Dickson
- Pulmonary/Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Frank Weinberg
- Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, Ill
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Choi E, Su CC, Wu JT, Aredo JV, Neal JW, Leung AN, Backhus LM, Lui NS, Le Marchand L, Stram DO, Liang SY, Cheng I, Wakelee HA, Han SS. Second Primary Lung Cancer Among Lung Cancer Survivors Who Never Smoked. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2343278. [PMID: 37966839 PMCID: PMC10652150 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.43278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Lung cancer among never-smokers accounts for 25% of all lung cancers in the US; recent therapeutic advances have improved survival among patients with initial primary lung cancer (IPLC), who are now at high risk of developing second primary lung cancer (SPLC). As smoking rates continue to decline in the US, it is critical to examine more closely the epidemiology of lung cancer among patients who never smoked, including their risk for SPLC. Objective To estimate and compare the cumulative SPLC incidence among lung cancer survivors who have never smoked vs those who have ever smoked. Design, Setting, and Participants This population-based prospective cohort study used data from the Multiethnic Cohort Study (MEC), which enrolled participants between April 18, 1993, and December 31, 1996, with follow-up through July 1, 2017. Eligible individuals for this study were aged 45 to 75 years and had complete smoking data at baseline. These participants were followed up for IPLC and further SPLC development through the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry. The data were analyzed from July 1, 2022, to January 31, 2023. Exposures Never-smoking vs ever-smoking exposure at MEC enrollment. Main Outcomes and Measures The study had 2 primary outcomes: (1) 10-year cumulative incidence of IPLC in the entire study cohort and 10-year cumulative incidence of SPLC among patients with IPLC and (2) standardized incidence ratio (SIR) (calculated as the SPLC incidence divided by the IPLC incidence) by smoking history. Results Among 211 414 MEC participants, 7161 (3.96%) developed IPLC over 4 038 007 person-years, and 163 (2.28%) developed SPLC over 16 470 person-years. Of the participants with IPLC, the mean (SD) age at cohort enrollment was 63.6 (7.7) years, 4031 (56.3%) were male, and 3131 (43.7%) were female. The 10-year cumulative IPLC incidence was 2.40% (95% CI, 2.31%-2.49%) among ever-smokers, which was 7 times higher than never-smokers (0.34%; 95% CI, 0.30%-0.37%). However, the 10-year cumulative SPLC incidence following IPLC was as high among never-smokers (2.84%; 95% CI, 1.50%-4.18%) as ever-smokers (2.72%; 95% CI, 2.24%-3.20%), which led to a substantially higher SIR for never-smokers (14.50; 95% CI, 8.73-22.65) vs ever-smokers (3.50; 95% CI, 2.95-4.12). Conclusions and Relevance The findings indicate that SPLC risk among lung cancer survivors who never smoked is as high as among those with IPLC who ever-smoked, highlighting the need to identify risk factors for SPLC among patients who never smoked and to develop a targeted surveillance strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Choi
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Chloe C. Su
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Julie T. Wu
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Joel W. Neal
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California
| | - Ann N. Leung
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Leah M. Backhus
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Natalie S. Lui
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu
| | - Daniel O. Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Su-Ying Liang
- Sutter Health, Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Palo Alto, California
| | - Iona Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Heather A. Wakelee
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California
| | - Summer S. Han
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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7
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Singh S, Gouri V, Samant M. TGF-β in correlation with tumor progression, immunosuppression and targeted therapy in colorectal cancer. Med Oncol 2023; 40:335. [PMID: 37855975 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02204-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex malignancy responsible for the second-highest cancer deaths worldwide. TGF-β maintains normal cellular homeostasis by inhibiting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis, but its elevated level is correlated with colorectal cancer progression, as TGF-β is a master regulator of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, a critical step of metastasis. Tumors, including CRC, use elevated TGF-β levels to avoid immune surveillance by modulating immune cell differentiation, proliferation, and effector function. Presently, the treatment of advanced CRC is mainly based on chemotherapy, with multiple adverse effects. Thus, there is a need to develop alternate tactics because CRC continue to be mostly resistant to the present therapeutic regimen. TGF-β blockade has emerged as a promising therapeutic target in cancer therapy. Blocking TGF-β with phytochemicals and other molecules, such as antisense oligonucleotides, monoclonal antibodies, and bifunctional traps, alone or in combination, may be a safer and more effective way to treat CRC. Furthermore, combination immunotherapy comprising TGF-β blockers and immune checkpoint inhibitors is gaining popularity because both molecules work synergistically to suppress the immune system. Here, we summarize the current understanding of TGF-β as a therapeutic target for managing CRC and its context-dependent tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressing nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeet Singh
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Soban Singh Jeena University, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vinita Gouri
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Soban Singh Jeena University, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
- Department of Zoology, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mukesh Samant
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Soban Singh Jeena University, Almora, Uttarakhand, India.
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Hochhegger B, Braithwaite D. Beyond the AJR: Should Imaging-Based Risk Assessment Tools Be Used in Lung Cancer Screening? AJR Am J Roentgenol 2023; 221:390. [PMID: 36722762 PMCID: PMC10801696 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.23.29060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Hochhegger
- Department of Radiology, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL 32608
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL
| | - Dejana Braithwaite
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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Farinea G, Crespi V, Listì A, Righi L, Bironzo P, Merlini A, Malapelle U, Novello S, Scagliotti GV, Passiglia F. The Role of Germline Mutations in Thoracic Malignancies: Between Myth and Reality. J Thorac Oncol 2023; 18:1146-1164. [PMID: 37331604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2023.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Considering the established contribution of environmental factors to the development of thoracic malignancies, the inherited susceptibility of these tumors has rarely been explored. However, the recent introduction of next-generation sequencing-based tumor molecular profiling in the real-word setting enabled us to deeply characterize the genomic background of patients with lung cancer with or without smoking-related history, increasing the likelihood of detecting germline mutations with potential prevention and treatment implications. Pathogenic germline variants have been detected in 2% to 3% of patients with NSCLC undergoing next-generation sequencing analysis, whereas the proportion of germline mutations associated with the development of pleural mesothelioma widely varies across different studies, ranging between 5% and 10%. This review provides an updated summary of emerging evidence about germline mutations in thoracic malignancies, focusing on pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical features, therapeutic implications, and screening recommendations for high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Farinea
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Veronica Crespi
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Angela Listì
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Luisella Righi
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Bironzo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandra Merlini
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Malapelle
- Department of Public Health, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Novello
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Passiglia
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
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Sakoda LC, Alabaster A, Sumner ET, Gordon NP, Quesenberry CP, Velotta JB. Trends in Smoking-Specific Lung Cancer Incidence Rates Within a US Integrated Health System, 2007-2018. Chest 2023; 164:785-795. [PMID: 36934804 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At least 10% of lung cancers arise in adults who have never used tobacco. Data remain inconclusive on whether lung cancer incidence has been increasing among adults who have never used tobacco. RESEARCH QUESTION How have age-adjusted incidence rates of lung cancer changed temporally, especially among adults who have never used tobacco? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Trends in lung cancer incidence were examined using linked electronic health record and cancer registry data on a dynamic cohort of adults ≥ 30 years of age at risk of incident lung cancer between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2018, from an integrated health-care system in northern California. Truncated age-adjusted lung cancer incidence rates and average annual percentage change (AAPC) in rates were estimated, overall and separately for adults who have ever and never used tobacco by age, sex, and race or ethnicity. RESULTS The cohort included 3,751,348 adults (52.5% female, 48.0% non-Hispanic White, 63.1% have never used tobacco), among whom 18,627 (52.7% female, 68.6% non-Hispanic White, 15.4% have never used tobacco) received a diagnosis of lung cancer. The overall lung cancer incidence rate declined from 91.1 to 63.7 per 100,000 person-years between 2007 and 2009 and between 2016 and 2018 (AAPC, -3.9%; 95% CI, -4.2% to -3.6%). Among adults who have ever used tobacco, incidence rates declined overall from 167.0 to 113.4 per 100,000 person-years (AAPC, -4.2%; 95% CI, -4.4% to -3.9%) and, to varying degrees, within all age, sex, and racial or ethnic groups. Among adults who have never used tobacco, incidence rates were relatively constant, with 3-year-period estimates ranging from 19.9 to 22.6 per 100,000 person-years (AAPC, 0.9%; 95% CI, -0.3% to 2.1%). Incidence rates for adults who have never used tobacco seemed stable over time, within age, sex, and racial or ethnic groups, except for those of Asian and Pacific Islander (API) origin (AAPC, 2.0%; 95% CI, 0.1%-3.9%), whose rates were about twice as high compared with their counterparts. INTERPRETATION These observed trends underscore the need to elucidate further the cause of lung cancer in adults who have never used tobacco, including why incidence is higher and rising in API adults who have never used tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori C Sakoda
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA; Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA.
| | - Amy Alabaster
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Eric T Sumner
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Nancy P Gordon
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | | | - Jeffrey B Velotta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
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11
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Hassani H, Avazzadeh Z, Agarwal P, Mehrabi S, Ebadi MJ, Dahaghin MS, Naraghirad E. A study on fractional tumor-immune interaction model related to lung cancer via generalized Laguerre polynomials. BMC Med Res Methodol 2023; 23:189. [PMID: 37605131 PMCID: PMC10440950 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-023-02006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer, a complex and deadly health concern today, is characterized by forming potentially malignant tumors or cancer cells. The dynamic interaction between these cells and their environment is crucial to the disease. Mathematical models can enhance our understanding of these interactions, helping us predict disease progression and treatment strategies. METHODS In this study, we develop a fractional tumor-immune interaction model specifically for lung cancer (FTIIM-LC). We present some definitions and significant results related to the Caputo operator. We employ the generalized Laguerre polynomials (GLPs) method to find the optimal solution for the FTIIM-LC model. We then conduct a numerical simulation and compare the results of our method with other techniques and real-world data. RESULTS We propose a FTIIM-LC model in this paper. The approximate solution for the proposed model is derived using a series of expansions in a new set of polynomials, the GLPs. To streamline the process, we integrate Lagrange multipliers, GLPs, and operational matrices of fractional and ordinary derivatives. We conduct a numerical simulation to study the effects of varying fractional orders and achieve the expected theoretical results. CONCLUSION The findings of this study demonstrate that the optimization methods used can effectively predict and analyze complex phenomena. This innovative approach can also be applied to other nonlinear differential equations, such as the fractional Klein-Gordon equation, fractional diffusion-wave equation, breast cancer model, and fractional optimal control problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hassani
- Department of Mathematics, Anand International College of Engineering, Jaipur, 303012, India
| | - Zakieh Avazzadeh
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa
| | - Praveen Agarwal
- Department of Mathematics, Anand International College of Engineering, Jaipur, 303012, India
| | - Samrad Mehrabi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - M J Ebadi
- Department of Mathematics, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran
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12
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Malyla V, Paudel KR, De Rubis G, Hansbro NG, Hansbro PM, Dua K. Cigarette smoking induces lung cancer tumorigenesis via upregulation of the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. Life Sci 2023; 326:121787. [PMID: 37209867 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate compared to any other cancer worldwide, and cigarette smoking is one of the major etiological factors. How cigarette smoke (CS) induces tumorigenesis in healthy cells is still not completely understood. In this study, we treated healthy human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE14o) with 1 % cigarette smoke extract (CSE) for one week. The CSE exposed cells showed upregulation of WNT/β-catenin pathway genes like WNT3, DLV3, AXIN and β-catenin, 30 oncology proteins were found to be upregulated after CSE treatment. Further, we explored whether the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) obtained from CSE exposed cells can induce tumorigenesis. We observed that CSE EVs induced migration of healthy 16HBE14o cells by upregulation of various oncology proteins in recipient cells like AXL, EGFR, DKK1, ENG, FGF2, ICAM1, HMOX1, HIF1a, SERPINE1, SNAIL, HGFR, PLAU which are related to WNT signaling, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Inflammation, whereas inflammatory marker, GAL-3 and EMT marker, VIM were downregulated. Moreover, β-catenin RNA was found in CSE EVs, upon treatment of these EVs to healthy cells, the β-catenin gene level was decreased in recipient cells compared to healthy 16HBE14o cells, indicating the utilisation of β-catenin RNA in healthy cells. Overall, our study suggests that CS treatment can induce tumorigenesis of healthy cells by upregulating WNT/β-catenin signaling in vitro and human lung cancer patients. Therefore targeting the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in tumorigenesis inhibition of this pathway could be a potential therapeutic approach for cigarette smoke induced lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vamshikrishna Malyla
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Centre for Inflammation, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Gabriele De Rubis
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Nicole G Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Centre for Inflammation, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
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13
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Zhao D, He X, Zhang R, Huang Z, Wen Y, Zhang X, Wang G, Guo G, Chen L, Zhang L. Ten-year trends of the clinicopathological characteristics, surgical treatments and survival outcomes of operable lung cancer patients in monocenter: a retrospective cohort study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1133344. [PMID: 37181353 PMCID: PMC10169745 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1133344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is one of the cancers with the highest morbidity and mortality. During the last decade, the trends of clinical characteristics, surgical treatments and survival of lung cancer patients in China have remained unclear. Methods All lung cancer patients operated on from 2011 to 2020 were identified in a prospectively maintained database of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. Results A total of 7,800 lung cancer patients were included in this study. Within the past 10 years, the average age at diagnosis of the patients remained stable, the proportion of asymptomatic, female and nonsmoking patients increased, and the average tumor size decreased from 3.766 to 2.300 cm. In addition, the proportion of early stage and adenocarcinoma increased, while that of squamous cell carcinoma decreased. Among the patients, the proportion of patients having video-assisted thoracic surgery increased. More than 80% of the patients underwent lobectomy and systematic nodal dissection over the 10 years. Additionally, both the average postoperative length of stay and 1-, 3-, and 6-month postoperative mortality decreased. Moreover, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates of all the operable patients increased from 89.8, 73.9, and 63.8% to 99.6, 90.7, and 80.8%, respectively. The 5-year OS rates of the patients with stage I, II, and III lung cancer were 87.6, 79.9, and 59.9%, respectively, which were higher than those in other published data. Conclusion There were significant changes in the clinicopathological characteristics, surgical treatments and survival outcomes of the patients with operable lung cancer from 2011 to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotian He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rusi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zirui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingsheng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gongming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangran Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Mikhael PG, Wohlwend J, Yala A, Karstens L, Xiang J, Takigami AK, Bourgouin PP, Chan P, Mrah S, Amayri W, Juan YH, Yang CT, Wan YL, Lin G, Sequist LV, Fintelmann FJ, Barzilay R. Sybil: A Validated Deep Learning Model to Predict Future Lung Cancer Risk From a Single Low-Dose Chest Computed Tomography. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:2191-2200. [PMID: 36634294 PMCID: PMC10419602 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.01345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) for lung cancer screening is effective, although most eligible people are not being screened. Tools that provide personalized future cancer risk assessment could focus approaches toward those most likely to benefit. We hypothesized that a deep learning model assessing the entire volumetric LDCT data could be built to predict individual risk without requiring additional demographic or clinical data. METHODS We developed a model called Sybil using LDCTs from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST). Sybil requires only one LDCT and does not require clinical data or radiologist annotations; it can run in real time in the background on a radiology reading station. Sybil was validated on three independent data sets: a heldout set of 6,282 LDCTs from NLST participants, 8,821 LDCTs from Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), and 12,280 LDCTs from Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CGMH, which included people with a range of smoking history including nonsmokers). RESULTS Sybil achieved area under the receiver-operator curves for lung cancer prediction at 1 year of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.88 to 0.95) on NLST, 0.86 (95% CI, 0.82 to 0.90) on MGH, and 0.94 (95% CI, 0.91 to 1.00) on CGMH external validation sets. Concordance indices over 6 years were 0.75 (95% CI, 0.72 to 0.78), 0.81 (95% CI, 0.77 to 0.85), and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.75 to 0.86) for NLST, MGH, and CGMH, respectively. CONCLUSION Sybil can accurately predict an individual's future lung cancer risk from a single LDCT scan to further enable personalized screening. Future study is required to understand Sybil's clinical applications. Our model and annotations are publicly available. [Media: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter G. Mikhael
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
- Jameel Clinic, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Jeremy Wohlwend
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
- Jameel Clinic, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Adam Yala
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
- Jameel Clinic, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Ludvig Karstens
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
- Jameel Clinic, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Justin Xiang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
- Jameel Clinic, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Angelo K. Takigami
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Patrick P. Bourgouin
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - PuiYee Chan
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Sofiane Mrah
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Wael Amayri
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Yu-Hsiang Juan
- Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Liang Wan
- Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lecia V. Sequist
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Florian J. Fintelmann
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Regina Barzilay
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
- Jameel Clinic, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
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15
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Ochman B, Kiczmer P, Ziora P, Rydel M, Borowiecki M, Czyżewski D, Drozdzowska B. Incidence of Concomitant Neoplastic Diseases, Tumor Characteristics, and the Survival of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma or Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma in Tobacco Smokers and Non-Smokers-10-Year Retrospective Single-Centre Cohort Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061896. [PMID: 36980781 PMCID: PMC10046928 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in smoking trends and changes in lifestyle, together with worldwide data regarding the incidence of lung cancer in the group of patients with no previous history of smoking, leads to consideration of the differences in the course of the disease, the time of cancer diagnosis, the survival rate, and the occurrence of comorbidities in this group of patients. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of non-smokers among patients undergoing anatomical resection of the lung tissue due to lung carcinoma and to investigate the differences between the course of lung cancer, survival, and the comorbidities in the groups of patients with lung cancer depending on the history of tobacco smoking. The study included a cohort of 923 patients who underwent radical anatomical resection of the lung tissue with lung primary adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. The Chi2 Pearson's test, the t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kaplan-Meier method, the Log-rank test with Mantel correction, and the Cox proportional hazard model were used for data analysis. We observed a significantly higher mean age of smoking patients compared to the mean age of non-smoking patients. The coexistence of former neoplastic diseases was significantly more frequent in the group of non-smokers compared to the group of smoking patients. We did not observe differences depending on smoking status in the tumor stage, grade, vascular and pleural involvement status in the diagnostic reports. We did not observe differences in the survival between smokers vs. non-smokers, however, we revealed better survival in the non-smoker women group compared to the non-smoker men group. In conclusion, 22.11% of the patients undergoing radical anatomical resection of the lung tissue due to lung cancers were non-smokers. More research on survival depending on genetic differences and postoperative treatment between smokers and non-smokers is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Błażej Ochman
- Students' Scientific Society, Department of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Paweł Kiczmer
- Department of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Paweł Ziora
- Department of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Mateusz Rydel
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Maciej Borowiecki
- Students' Scientific Society, Department of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Damian Czyżewski
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Bogna Drozdzowska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
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16
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Malvezzi M, Santucci C, Boffetta P, Collatuzzo G, Levi F, La Vecchia C, Negri E. EUROPEAN CANCER MORTALITY PREDICTIONS FOR THE YEAR 2023 WITH FOCUS ON LUNG CANCER. Ann Oncol 2023; 34:410-419. [PMID: 36882139 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to predict cancer mortality figures for 2023 for the European Union (EU-27), its five most populous countries, and the UK. We focused on mortality from lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using cancer death certifications and population data from the World Health Organization and EUROSTAT databases for 1970-2018 we predicted numbers of deaths and age-standardized rates (ASR) for 2023 for all cancers combined and the ten most common cancer sites. We investigated the changes in trends over the observed period. The number of avoided deaths over the period 1989-2023 were estimated for all cancers as well as lung cancer. RESULTS We predicted 1,261,990 cancer deaths for 2023 in the EU-27, corresponding to ASRs of 123.8/100,000 men (-6.5% vs 2018) and 79.3 for women (-3.7%). Over 1989-2023, about 5,862,600 million cancer deaths were avoided in the EU-27 compared with peak rates in 1988. Most cancers displayed favourable predicted rates, with the exceptions of pancreatic cancer, that was stable in EU men (8.2/100,000) and rose 3.4% in EU women (5.9/100,000), and female lung cancer which however tends to level off (13.6/100,000). Steady declines are predicted for colorectal, breast prostate, leukemia, stomach in both sexes and male bladder cancers. The focus on lung cancer showed falls in mortality for all age groups in men. Female lung cancer mortality declined in the young -35.8% (ASR 0.8/100,000) and middle aged (-7%, ASR: 31.2/100,000) but still increased 10% in the elderly (65+ years). CONCLUSION The advancements in tobacco control are reflected in favorable lung cancer trends, and should be pushed further. Greater efforts on the control of overweight and obesity, alcohol consumption, infection and related neoplasms, together with improvements in screening, early diagnosis and treatments may achieve a further 35% reduction on cancer mortality in the EU by 2035.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Malvezzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - C Santucci
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - P Boffetta
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Collatuzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Levi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - E Negri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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17
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Clinical features and lipid metabolism genes as potential biomarkers in advanced lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:36. [PMID: 36624406 PMCID: PMC9830782 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10509-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the most lethal tumors with a poor survival rate even in those patients receiving new therapies. Metabolism is considered one of the hallmarks in carcinogenesis and lipid metabolism is emerging as a significant contributor to tumor metabolic reprogramming. We previously described a profile of some lipid metabolism related genes with potential prognostic value in advanced lung cancer. AIM To analyze clinical and pathological characteristics related to a specific metabolic lipid genomic signature from patients with advanced lung cancer and to define differential outcome. METHODS Ninety samples from NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer) and 61 from SCLC (small cell lung cancer) patients were obtained. We performed a survival analysis based on lipid metabolic genes expression and clinical characteristics. The primary end point of the study was the correlation between gene expression, clinical characteristics and survival. RESULTS Clinical variables associated with overall survival (OS) in NSCLC patients were clinical stage, adenocarcinoma histology, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG), number and site of metastasis, plasma albumin levels and first-line treatment with platinum. As for SCLC patients, clinical variables that impacted OS were ECOG, number of metastasis locations, second-line treatment administration and Diabetes Mellitus (DM). None of them was associated with gene expression, indicating that alterations in lipid metabolism are independent molecular variables providing complementary information of lung cancer patient outcome. CONCLUSIONS Specific clinical features as well as the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes might be potential biomarkers with differential outcomes.
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18
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Li X, Wu F. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles transfer miR-598 to inhibit the growth and metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer by targeting THBS2. Cell Death Dis 2023; 9:3. [PMID: 36609437 PMCID: PMC9822924 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01283-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the subtype of lung cancer, which accounts for about 85% of diagnosed lung cancer cases, and is without any effective therapy. Emerging evidence has revealed microRNA-598 (miR-598) as potential therapeutic target and diagnostic marker of NSCLC. In the present study, we sought to define the role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing miR-598 in NSCLC. Co-culture experiments were conducted to examine the secretion of miR-598 by MSCs and the uptake of EVs by NSCLC cells. The expression of miR-598 in NSCLC cell lines, tissues, and MSC-derived EVs was detected by the RT-qPCR. After treatment with MSCs-EVs, CCK-8 and Transwell assays were adopted to evaluate the effects of miR-598 on proliferation, migration, and invasion capacities of NSCLC cells. Finally, the effects of miR-598 on tumor growth and metastasis were further validated in vivo through subcutaneous tumorigenesis and experimental pulmonary metastasis in nude mice. We found that MSCs-derived EVs could deliver miR-598 into NSCLC cells, where miR-598 specifically targeted and bound with mRNA of THBS2 to inhibit its translational process. By suppressing the promoting effects of THBS2 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells, the EV treatment reduced the progression of NSCLC. Notably, these inhibitory effects were reversed by concomitantly overexpressing THBS2. Overall, we find that MSCs-derived EVs containing miR-598 targets THBS2 to inhibit the proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebo Li
- grid.412644.10000 0004 5909 0696Department of General Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 110032 Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Fan Wu
- grid.412644.10000 0004 5909 0696Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 110032 Shenyang, P. R. China
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19
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Sun H, Zhang H, Cai H, Yuan W, Wang F, Jiang Y, Gu X, Kang Z, Kang Y. Burden of Lung Cancer in China, 1990-2019: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Cancer Control 2023; 30:10732748231198749. [PMID: 37632208 PMCID: PMC10467238 DOI: 10.1177/10732748231198749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. It has become an increasingly important public health problem in China. In this study, we systematically assessed the lung cancer situation in China from 1990 to 2019 and provided an epidemiological knowledge base for the revision of health policies. The relevant data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database. METHODS Based on GBD 2019 data, we evaluated the incidence, prevalence, and death rates of lung cancer in China and their change trends from 1990 to 2019, making comparisons by gender and age. RESULTS The age-standardized incidence and death rates (ASIR and ASDR, respectively) of lung cancer in China were higher than the average levels in Asia, Africa, Europe, and Oceania and also higher than those of neighboring Asian countries. Lung cancer rose from the seventh leading cause of death in 1990 to the fourth leading one in 2019, indicating that the disease burden of lung cancer is increasing. In 2019, the incidence, prevalence, and death rates of lung cancer were all higher in men than in women across all age groups. All three indices were lower in men and women <50 years old than in men and women >50 years. From 1990 to 2019, the ASIR, age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), and ASDR showed trends of increase (P < .05), and the rise in the ASPR (average annual percentage change [AAPC] = 1.9) was greater than those in the ASIR (AAPC = 1) and ASDR (AAPC = .8). CONCLUSIONS From 1990 to 2019, the incidence, prevalence, and death rates of lung cancer continued to increase in China. To reduce this burden, prevention and management of known risk factors should be promoted through national policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Sun
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin City, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Acousto-Optic Electromagnetic Diagnosis and Treatment in Heilongjiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin City, People's Republic of China
| | - Huilong Cai
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin City, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiguang Yuan
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin City, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengjiao Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin City, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin City, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Gu
- Colorectal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin City, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziman Kang
- Department of Radiology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu City, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Kang
- Pelvic Floor Disease Center, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, People's Republic of China
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20
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Lovelina Francis D, Sampoornam Pape Reddy S. The silent assassin: Third hand smoking. J Glob Health 2022; 12:03079. [PMID: 36462200 PMCID: PMC9719406 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.12.03079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Delfin Lovelina Francis
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
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21
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Liao Z, Zheng R, Shao G. A lung cancer risk prediction model for nonsmokers: A retrospective analysis of lung nodule cohorts in China. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24748. [DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zufang Liao
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital Ningbo University Ningbo China
| | | | - Guofeng Shao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Li Huili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University Ningbo China
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22
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Aide N, Weyts K, Lasnon C. Prediction of the Presence of Targetable Molecular Alteration(s) with Clinico-Metabolic 18 F-FDG PET Radiomics in Non-Asian Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12102448. [PMID: 36292136 PMCID: PMC9601118 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate if combining clinical characteristics with pre-therapeutic 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18 F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) radiomics could predict the presence of molecular alteration(s) in key molecular targets in lung adenocarcinoma. This non-interventional monocentric study included patients with newly diagnosed lung adenocarcinoma referred for baseline PET who had tumour molecular analyses. The data were randomly split into training and test datasets. LASSO regression with 100-fold cross-validation was performed, including sex, age, smoking history, AJCC cancer stage and 31 PET variables. In total, 109 patients were analysed, and it was found that 63 (57.8%) patients had at least one molecular alteration. Using the training dataset (n = 87), the model included 10 variables, namely age, sex, smoking history, AJCC stage, excessKustosis_HISTO, sphericity_SHAPE, variance_GLCM, correlation_GLCM, LZE_GLZLM, and GLNU_GLZLM. The ROC analysis for molecular alteration prediction using this model found an AUC equal to 0.866 (p < 0.0001). A cut-off value set to 0.48 led to a sensitivity of 90.6% and a positive likelihood ratio (LR+) value equal to 2.4. After application of this cut-off value in the unseen test dataset of patients (n = 22), the test presented a sensitivity equal to 90.0% and an LR+ value of 1.35. A clinico-metabolic 18 F-FDG PET phenotype allows the detection of key molecular target alterations with high sensitivity and negative predictive value. Hence, it opens the way to the selection of patients for molecular analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Aide
- UNICAEN, INSERM 1086 ANTICIPE, Normandy University, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Kathleen Weyts
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Comprehensive Cancer Centre F. Baclesse, UNICANCER, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Charline Lasnon
- UNICAEN, INSERM 1086 ANTICIPE, Normandy University, 14000 Caen, France
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Comprehensive Cancer Centre F. Baclesse, UNICANCER, 14000 Caen, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-261-455-268; Fax: +33-231-455-101
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23
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Song M, Zhang Q, Song C, Liu T, Zhang X, Ruan G, Tang M, Xie H, Zhang H, Ge Y, Li X, Zhang K, Yang M, Li Q, Liu X, Lin S, Xu Y, Xu H, Wang K, Li W, Shi H. The advanced lung cancer inflammation index is the optimal inflammatory biomarker of overall survival in patients with lung cancer. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:2504-2514. [PMID: 35833264 PMCID: PMC9530543 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Malnutrition and systemic inflammatory responses are associated with poor overall survival (OS) in lung cancer patients, but it remains unclear which biomarkers are better for predicting their prognosis. This study tried to determine the best one among the existing common nutrition/inflammation-based indicators of OS for patients with lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS There were 16 nutrition or systemic inflammation-based indicators included in this study. The cut-off points for the indicators were calculated using maximally selected rank statistics. The OS was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier estimator, and univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the relationship between the indicators and OS. A time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves (time-ROC) and C-index were calculated to assess the predictive ability of the different indicators. RESULTS There were 1772 patients with lung cancer included in this study. In univariate analysis, all 16 indicators were significantly associated with OS of the patients (all P < 0.001). Except for platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, all other indicators were independent predictors of OS in multivariate analysis (all P < 0.05). Low advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) was associated with higher mortality risk of lung cancer [hazard ratio, 1.30; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13-1.49]. The results of the time-AUC and C-index analyses indicated that the ALI (C-index: 0.611) had the best predictive ability on the OS in patients with lung cancer. In different sub-groups, the ALI was the best indicator for predicting the OS of lung cancer patients regardless of sex (C-index, 0.609 for men and 0.613 for women) or smoking status (C-index, 0.629 for non-smoker and 0.601 for smoker) and in patients aged <65 years (C-index, 0.613). However, the modified Glasgow prognostic score was superior to the other indicators in non-small cell lung cancer patients (C-index, 0.639) or patients aged ≥65 years (C-index, 0.610), and the glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio performed better prognostic ability in patients with small cell lung cancer (C-index, 0.601). CONCLUSIONS The prognostic ability of the ALI is superior to the other inflammation/nutrition-based indicators for all patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Guotian Ruan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Hailun Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Heyang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Yizhong Ge
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangrui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Kangping Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Qinqin Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China.,Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xiaoyue Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Shiqi Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongxia Xu
- Department of Nutrition, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kunhua Wang
- Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,General surgery clinical medical center of Yunnan province, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer Center of the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanping Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China.,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
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24
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Mao W, Wang S, Chen R, He Y, Lu R, Zheng M. lncRNA NORAD promotes lung cancer progression by competitively binding to miR-28-3p with E2F2. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:1538-1549. [PMID: 36245705 PMCID: PMC9520332 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is a prevailing primary tumor in the lung. lncRNA non-coding RNA activated by DNA damage (NORAD) is a popular target in human cancers. This experiment is designed to probe the mechanism of lncRNA in LC progression. NORAD expression in normal lung epithelial cells and LC cells was examined and then silenced to assess its effect on LC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Subcellular localization of NORAD was analyzed through online databases and then corroborated by fractionation of nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA assay. The target binding relations between NORAD and miR-28-3p and between miR-28-3p and E2F2 were verified. Eventually, LC cells with NORAD silencing were transfected with miR-28-3p inhibitor or pcDNA3.1-E2F2 to measure LC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. NORAD was overexpressed in LC cells and NORAD knockout led to suppressed LC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Besides, NORAD targeted miR-28-3p and miR-28-3p targeted E2F2 transcription. Inhibiting miR-28-3p or overexpressing E2F2 could both annul the inhibitory role of si-NORAD in LC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Generally, our findings demonstrated that NORAD competitively bound to miR-28-3p with E2F2, to promote LC cell progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Mao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengfei Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruo Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yijun He
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongguo Lu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingfeng Zheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
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25
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Prognostic Value of UBE2T and Its Correlation with Immune Infiltrates in Lung Adenocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:5244820. [PMID: 36245987 PMCID: PMC9553516 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5244820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer has a subtype with a high morbidity and mortality rate called lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). It is critical to locate reliable prognostic biomarkers for LUAD at this time. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T (UBE2T) has been found in numerous malignancies; however, its expression level and potential functions in LUAD are not completely understood at this time. A differentially expressed gene (DEG) screening method was used to identify genes that were expressed differently in 516 samples from LUAD and 59 samples from TCGA datasets. Clinicopathological markers were correlated with UBE2T expression. Using the Kaplan–Meier plotter database, UBE2T was evaluated for its prognostic value in the context of LUAD. In order to examine the importance of independent prognostic factors, both univariable and multivariable Cox regression models were applied. TIMER and CIBERSORT were utilized in order to investigate the connection that exists between UBE2T expression and tumor-infiltrating immune cells. This study collected 578 DEGs in total, as follows: 171 genes were significantly increased, while 408 genes were significantly decreased. We identified 9 survival-related DEGs in LUAD, including ASF1B, CA9, CCNB2, CCNE1, RRM2, SAPCD2, TCN1, TPX2, and UBE2T. Our attention focused on UBE2T, which was highly expressed in LUAD. A correlation was also found between high UBE2T expression and gender, age, advanced clinical stage, and decreased overall survival. In addition, multivariate analysis demonstrated UBE2T expression to be a significant independent diagnostic factor for patients suffering from LUAD. UBE2T was positively correlated with resting T cell CD4+ memory, myeloid dendritic cell resting, mast cell activated, macrophage M2, and B cell plasma, whereas it was negatively correlated with resting T cell CD4+ memory, MDC resting, MDC activated, macrophage M2, and B cell plasma. Overall, high expression levels of UBE2T correlated with poor overall survival in patients with LUAD, and UBE2T was an independent predictor involved in immune infiltration of LUAD. These findings offer fresh perspectives that contribute to our comprehension of the evolution of LUAD.
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26
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Li J, Long Y, Sun J, Wu J, He X, Wang S, Wang X, Miao X, Huang R, Yan J. Comprehensive landscape of the ST3GAL family reveals the significance of ST3GAL6-AS1/ST3GAL6 axis on EGFR signaling in lung adenocarcinoma cell invasion. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:931132. [PMID: 36092699 PMCID: PMC9462654 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.931132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialylation aberration has been implicated in lung cancer development by altering signaling pathways. Hence, it is urgent to identify key sialyltransferases in the development of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), which is a common malignant subtype of non-small cell lung cancer. Herein, by systematically investigating the expression levels of ST3GAL family members in several public databases, we consistently found the frequent downregulation of ST3GAL6 in LUAD samples. Its downregulation is significantly negatively associated with stage, and significantly reduced in proximal-proliferative molecular subtype and predicts poor clinical outcomes. By protein–protein interaction network analysis and validation, we found that ST3GAL6 deficiency promotes LUAD cell invasiveness with the activated EGFR/MAPK signaling, accompanied by the elevated expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9, which can be partially reversed by EGFR inhibitor, gefitinib. Additionally, the ST3GAL6 level was positively regulated by ST3GAL6-AS1, an antisense long non-coding RNA to its host gene. The downregulation of ST3GAL6-AS1 also heralds a worse prognosis in LUAD patients and promotes LUAD cell invasiveness, recapitulating the function of its host gene, ST3GAL6. Altogether, ST3GAL6-AS1-regulated ST3GAL6 is a frequently downregulated sialyltransferase in LUAD patients and negatively regulates EGFR signaling, which can serve as a promising independent prognostic marker in LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxuan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Long
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingya Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajun Wu
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao He
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Simei Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiongbiao Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiayi Miao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiayi Miao, ; Ruimin Huang, ; Jun Yan,
| | - Ruimin Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiayi Miao, ; Ruimin Huang, ; Jun Yan,
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiayi Miao, ; Ruimin Huang, ; Jun Yan,
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27
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Chen F, Zhang F, Leng YF, Shi YJ, Zhang JM, Liu YQ. The crucial roles of long noncoding RNA SNHGs in lung cancer. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2022; 24:2272-2284. [PMID: 36008615 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02909-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors with growing morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several treatments are used to manage lung cancer, including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, as well as molecular-targeted therapy. However, the current measures are still far from satisfactory. Therefore, the current research should focus on exploring the molecular mechanism and then finding an effective treatment. Interestingly, we and others have embarked on a line of investigations focused on the mechanism of lung cancer. Specifically, lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene has been shown to be associated with biological characteristics and therapeutic resistance of lung cancer. In addition, small nucleolar RNA host genes may be used as diagnostic biomarker in the future. Herein, we will provide a brief review demonstrating the importance of small nucleolar RNA host genes in lung cancer, especially non-small cell lung cancer. Although lncRNA has shown a crucial role in tumor-related research, a large number of studies are needed to validate its clinical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fa Zhang
- Department of Urology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yu-Fang Leng
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Ya-Jing Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jian-Ming Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
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Yang W, Xuan B, Chen M, Li X, He J, Si H, Zhang Y. Comparison of Efficacy and Safety Between Immunotherapy and Docetaxel Monotherapy in NSCLC Patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:883514. [PMID: 36033487 PMCID: PMC9399650 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.883514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveMeta analysis was used to compare the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitor and docetaxel in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.MethodsCNKI, CBM, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, web of science and other databases were searched by computer, and the randomized controlled trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors and docetaxel in the treatment of NSCLC published as of February 2022 were collected. Two researchers searched independently, screened the literature and extracted the data according to the nanodischarge criteria, and used Revman5.4. The included studies were statistically analyzed, and publication bias was analyzed with Egger test in Stata12.ResultsA total of 8 RCTs were included, including 2444 cases treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors and 2097 cases treated with docetaxel. Compared with docetaxel, the overall survival (HR = 1.40, 95%CI: 1.30-1.50, P < 0.00001) and progression free survival (HR = 1.22, 95%CI: 1.13-1.32, P < 0.00001) of NSCLC treated with ICIs were longer. The risk ratio of any grade of adverse reactions (HR = 0.41, 95%CI: 0.32-0.52, P < 0.00001) and above grade III adverse reactions (HR = 0.27, 95%CI: 0.18-0.41, P < 0.00001) in the treatment of NSCLC with ICIs was lower. There was no publication bias in Egger test.ConclusionCompared with docetaxel, immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment can improve the clinical efficacy of NSCLC patients and has a lower incidence of adverse reactions. This treatment may be a promising treatment for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhuji, Zhuji, China
| | - Bixia Xuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhuji, Zhuji, China
| | - Mengqi Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhuji, Zhuji, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhuji, Zhuji, China
| | - Jiana He
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhuji, Zhuji, China
| | - Haiyan Si
- Department of Gastroenterology, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhuji, Zhuji, China
| | - Yefei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuji People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji, China
- *Correspondence: Yefei Zhang,
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A New Prognostic Indicator of Immune Microenvironment and Therapeutic Response in Lung Adenocarcinoma Based on Peroxisome-Related Genes. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:6084589. [PMID: 35935579 PMCID: PMC9346542 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6084589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has been the major cause of tumor-associated mortality in recent years and exhibits a poor outcome. New data revealed that peroxisomes have a function in the regulation of the development and progression of several tumors. However, the prognostic values of peroxisome-related genes (PRGs) were rarely reported. Genomic sequence, mutation, and clinical data of 535 LUAD tissues were obtained from TCGA data sets. Within the TCGA cohort, a multigene signature was constructed with the assistance of the LASSO Cox regression model. Three GEO data sets, including GSE3141, GSE31210, and GSE72094, were obtained as validation cohorts. ROC assays, Kaplan-Meier methods, and multivariate assays were applied to examine the prognostic capacities of the novel signature. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to further understand the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, we identified 47 differentially expressed peroxisome-related genes (PRGs), including 25 increased and 22 decreased PRGs. A prognostic model of six PRGs was established. The univariate and multivariate Cox analyses both showed that the p value of risk score was less than 0.05. In LUAD patients, the strong connection between the risk score and overall survival was further verified in three other GEO data sets. TMB and cancer stem cell infiltration were shown to be significantly higher in the high-risk group in comparison to the low-risk group. The TIDE score of the group with the low risk was considerably greater than that of the group with the high risk. Several drugs, targeting PRG-related genes, were available for the treatments of LUAD. Overall, we developed a novel peroxisome-related prognostic signature for LUAD patients. This signature could successfully indicate LUAD patients' chances of survival as well as their immune system's responsiveness to treatments. In addition, it has the potential to serve as immunotherapeutic targets for LUAD patients.
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Mukherjee S, Bandlamudi C, Hellmann MD, Kemel Y, Drill E, Rizvi H, Tkachuk K, Khurram A, Walsh MF, Zauderer MG, Mandelker D, Topka S, Zehir A, Srinivasan P, Selvan ME, Carlo MI, Cadoo KA, Latham A, Hamilton JG, Liu YL, Lipkin SM, Belhadj S, Bond GL, Gümüş ZH, Klein RJ, Ladanyi M, Solit DB, Robson ME, Jones DR, Kris MG, Vijai J, Stadler ZK, Amos CI, Taylor BS, Berger MF, Rudin CM, Offit K. Germline Pathogenic Variants Impact Clinicopathology of Advanced Lung Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:1450-1459. [PMID: 35477182 PMCID: PMC9250622 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-1287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic factors that modulate risk for developing lung cancer have not been fully defined. Here, we sought to determine the prevalence and clinical significance of germline pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants (PV) in patients with advanced lung cancer. METHODS We studied clinical and tumor characteristics of germline PV in 5,118 patients who underwent prospective genomic profiling using paired tumor-normal tissue samples in 468 cancer genes. RESULTS Germline PV in high/moderate-penetrance genes were observed in 222 (4.3%) patients; of these, 193 patients had PV in DNA damage repair (DDR) pathway genes including BRCA2 (n = 54), CHEK2 (n = 30), and ATM (n = 26) that showed high rate of biallelic inactivation in tumors. BRCA2 heterozygotes with lung adenocarcinoma were more likely to be never smokers and had improved survival compared with noncarriers. Fourteen patients with germline PV in lung cancer predisposing genes (TP53, EGFR, BAP1, and MEN1) were diagnosed at younger age compared with noncarriers, and of tumor suppressors, 75% demonstrated biallelic inactivation in tumors. A significantly higher proportion of germline PV in high/moderate-penetrance genes were detected in high-risk patients who had either a family history of any cancer, multiple primary tumors, or early age at diagnosis compared with unselected patients (10.5% vs. 4.1%; P = 1.7e-04). CONCLUSIONS These data underscore the biological and clinical importance of germline mutations in highly penetrant DDR genes as a risk factor for lung cancer. IMPACT The family members of lung cancer patients harboring PV in cancer predisposing genes should be referred for genetic counseling and may benefit from proactive surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yelena Kemel
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Esther Drill
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hira Rizvi
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, United States
| | - Kaitlyn Tkachuk
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Aliya Khurram
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michael F Walsh
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Diana Mandelker
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sabine Topka
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ahmet Zehir
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | | | | | - Maria I Carlo
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Karen A Cadoo
- St. James’s Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Alicia Latham
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jada G Hamilton
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - Ying L Liu
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Sami Belhadj
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gareth L Bond
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Zeynep H Gümüş
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Robert J Klein
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - David B Solit
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - Mark E Robson
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - David R Jones
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mark G Kris
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joseph Vijai
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zsofia K Stadler
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Barry S Taylor
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michael F Berger
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
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Crosstalk between macrophages and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:108937. [PMID: 35779490 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and macrophages are tissue-resident cells that play important roles in tissue-immune homeostasis and immune regulation. ILCs are mainly distributed on the barrier surfaces of mammals to ensure immunity or tissue homeostasis following host, microbial, or environmental stimulation. Their complex relationships with different organs enable them to respond quickly to disturbances in environmental conditions and organ homeostasis, such as during infections and tissue damage. Gradually emerging evidence suggests that ILCs also play complex and diverse roles in macrophage development, homeostasis, polarization, inflammation, and viral infection. In turn, macrophages also determine the fate of ILCs to some extent, which indicates that network crossover between these interactions is a key determinant of the immune response. More work is needed to better define the crosstalk of ILCs with macrophages in different tissues and demonstrate how it is affected during inflammation and other diseases. Here, we summarize current research on the functional interactions between ILCs and macrophages and consider the potential therapeutic utility of these interactions for the benefit of human health.
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Upfront Next Generation Sequencing in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:4428-4437. [PMID: 35877212 PMCID: PMC9319994 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29070352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), patients with actionable genomic alterations may derive additional clinical benefit from targeted treatment compared to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Current guidelines recommend extensive testing with next generation sequencing (NGS) panels. We investigated the impact of using a targeted NGS panel (TruSight Tumor 15, Illumina) as reflex testing for NSCLC samples at a single institution. Molecular analysis examined 15 genes for hotspot mutation variants, including AKT1, BRAF, EGFR, ERBB2, FOXL2, GNA11, GNAQ, KIT, KRAS, MET, NRAS, PDGFRA, PIK3CA, RET and TP53 genes. Between February 2017 and October 2020, 1460 samples from 1395 patients were analyzed. 1201 patients (86.1%) had at least one variant identified, most frequently TP53 (47.5%), KRAS (32.2%) or EGFR (24.2%). Among these, 994 patients (71.3%) had clinically relevant variants eligible for treatment with approved therapies or clinical trial enrollment. The incremental cost of NGS beyond single gene testing (EGFR, ALK) was CAD $233 per case. Reflex upfront NGS identified at least one actionable variant in more than 70% of patients with NSCLC, with minimal increase in testing cost. Implementation of NGS panels remains essential as treatment paradigms continue to evolve.
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Chen B, Li Q, Hao Q, Tan J, Yan L, Zhu Y, Hu C, Qian G, Zhang G, Chen L, Zhou C, Zhang J, Sun J, Jiang L, Zhang L, Wang Q, Zhang X, Jin Y, He Y, Song Y, Sun X, Li W. Malignancy risk stratification for solitary pulmonary nodule: A clinical practice guideline. J Evid Based Med 2022; 15:142-151. [PMID: 35775869 DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
CLINICAL QUESTION The detection rate of the solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) is increasing with the popularization of CT scanning. Malignancy risk stratification for SPN is a major clinical difficulty. CURRENT PRACTICE There have been several guidelines for SPN assessment. Inconsistency of these guidelines makes the clinical application difficult and confusing. RECOMMENDATIONS In this Rapid Recommendation, solid and subsolid SPNs are recommended to be evaluated respectively. Six factors, namely the combination of age with sex, smoking history, history of malignancy, family history of malignancy, and nodule size, are recommended for malignancy risk stratification for both kinds of SPNs; the border of nodules (spiculation and lobulation) is recommended for evaluating solid SPNs and the density of nodules (pure or mixed ground-glass nodule) is recommended for subsolid nodules. Among them, smoking history and radiologic features (nodule diameter, border, and density) are of relatively higher importance. A scoring system was proposed to assist malignancy risk stratification of SPNs, with a total score ranging from six points to 15 points (if solid) or 17 points (if subsolid). For each SPN, regardless of solid or subsolid in nature, a total score of ≤ 7 points suggested a low risk of being malignant, while 7 to 9 points suggested medium risk, and ≥ 9 points suggested high risk. HOW THIS GUIDELINE WAS CREATED This rapid recommendation was developed using the MAGIC (Making GRADE the Irresistible Choice) methodological framework. First, a clinical subcommittee identified the topic of recommendation and requested evidence. Then, an independent evidence synthesis subcommittee performed a comprehensive literature review and evaluated the evidence. Finally, based on findings from the systematic review and use of real-world data, the clinical subcommittee formulated recommendations, including the scoring system, through a consensus procedure. THE EVIDENCE A total of 13857 patients with SPNs were included in the meta-analysis and the association between 12 candidate factors and the risk of SPNs being malignant was studied. Eventually, seven factors were recommended for SPNs evaluation, and a scoring system was proposed. UNDERSTANDING THE RECOMMENDATION The parameters included are objective. Therefore, this recommendation is feasible in clinical practice. However, there are several uncertainties, such as a lack of further verification. It might be misclassified by the scoring system. Clinicians could choose the most suitable scheme according to the recommendation, along with their own experience in specific situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojiang Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianrui Li
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Cochrane China Center and MAGIC China Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real-World Data, Chengdu, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiukui Hao
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics/National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jing Tan
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Cochrane China Center and MAGIC China Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real-World Data, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqi Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guisheng Qian
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guozhen Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chengzhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air-Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiayuan Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Respiration, the Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoju Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong He
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Cochrane China Center and MAGIC China Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real-World Data, Chengdu, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Chen Y, Hong C, Qu J, Chen J, Qin Z. Knockdown of lncRNA PCAT6 suppresses the growth of non-small cell lung cancer cells by inhibiting macrophages M2 polarization via miR-326/KLF1 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:12834-12846. [PMID: 35609331 PMCID: PMC9275980 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2076388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common malignant tumor of lung, which seriously threatens the life of people. It has been reported that lncRNA prostate cancer-associated transcript 6 (PCAT6) could facilitate the metastasis of NSCLC cells. However, whether lncRNA PCAT6 in NSCLC cells could affect the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unclear. In the present study, the level of PCAT6 in NSCLC cells was detected using RT-qPCR. The effects of PCAT6 knockdown on the viability and apoptosis in NSCLC cells were detected with CCK-8 and flow cytometry assay. NSCLC cell-derived exosomes were isolated with ultracentrifugation. Next, transwell assay was conducted to assess the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the relationship among PCAT6, miR-326, and KLF1 in A549 cells. In addition, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) was applied to detect the particle size of isolated exosomes. Moreover, ELISA assay was performed to detect the levels of IL-1β and IL-10 in the supernatant of macrophage. We found knockdown of PCAT6 significantly inhibited the viability, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells. In addition, dual-luciferase reporter assay illustrated that miR-326 was the target of PCAT6 and KLF1 was the target of miR-326 in NSCLC cells. Moreover, NSCLC cells-derived exosomes could promote macrophages M2 polarization by transporting PCAT6. Meanwhile, macrophages M2 polarization was able to promote the metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of NSCLC cells via regulating PCAT6/miR-326/KLF1 axis. Taken together, knockdown of lncRNA PCAT6 suppressed the growth of NSCLC cells by inhibiting macrophages M2 polarization via miR-326/KLF1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaojin Hong
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Qu
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junjun Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiquan Qin
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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A Novel Mitochondrial-Related Gene Signature for the Tumor Immune Microenvironment Evaluation and Prognosis Prediction in Lung Adenocarcinoma. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:5366185. [PMID: 35664356 PMCID: PMC9159837 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5366185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains the most common deadly disease and has a poor prognosis. More and more studies have reported that mitochondrial-related genes (MTRGs) were associated with the clinical outcomes of multiple tumors solely. In this study, we aimed to develop a novel prognostic model based on MTRGs. Differentially expressed MTRGs were identified from TCGA-LUAD and GSE31210 cohorts. Univariate Cox regression analysis was utilized to screen differentially expressed MTRGs that were related to prognosis of LUAD. Then, LASSO Cox regression analysis was used to develop a prognostic signature. ESTIMATE was used for estimating the fractions of immune cell types. In this study, we identified 44 overlapping differentially expressed MTRGs in TCGA-LUAD and GSE31210 cohorts. Among 44 overlapping differentially expressed MTRGs, nine genes were associated with prognosis of LUAD. When the penalty parameter lambda was the minimum, there were six genes meeting the conditions of constructing the signature, including SERPINB5, CCNB1, FGR MAOB, SH3BP5, and CYP24A1. The survival analysis suggested that prognosis of patients in the high-risk group was significantly worse than that in the low-risk group. Cox regression analyses showed that the risk score was an independent predictor of LUAD prognosis. As with the results of ESTIMATE score, the degree of immune cell infiltration in the low-risk group was higher than that in the high-risk group, such as TIL, Treg, and B cells. In addition, TMB and cancer stem cell infiltration were higher in the low-risk group than the high-risk group. In conclusion, we developed a novel MTRG signature acting as a negative independent prognostic factor. In the future, individualized treatments and medical decision-making may benefit from using the predicted model.
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Yoon HS, Shu XO, Gao YT, Yang G, Cai H, Shi J, Yang JJ, Rothman N, Lan Q, Zheng W, Cai Q. Tooth Loss and Risk of Lung Cancer among Urban Chinese Adults: A Cohort Study with Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2428. [PMID: 35626036 PMCID: PMC9140069 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence on tooth loss and lung cancer risk remains limited, especially for smoking-specific associations. To investigate the association between tooth loss and lung cancer risk by smoking status, we first analyzed data from the Shanghai Men’s Health Study (n = 49,868) and the Shanghai Women’s Health Study (n = 44,309). Cox regression models were applied to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for lung cancer risk in relation to tooth loss. We also conducted a meta-analysis to summarize epidemiologic findings to date, incorporating results from the current study and six previously published studies. For 7.3 median follow-up years, 973 incident lung cancer cases (613 men and 360 women) were ascertained. After adjustment for major covariates, tooth loss was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer among men (HR [95% CI] for >10 teeth vs. none = 1.59 [1.21−2.11]) but not among women (0.86 [0.50−1.46]). The positive association was stronger among male current smokers (1.75 [1.26−2.45], p-interaction by smoking status = 0.04). In a meta-analysis incorporating 4052 lung cancer cases and 248,126 non-cases, tooth loss was associated with a 1.64-fold increased risk of developing lung cancer (relative risk [RR, 95% CI] for the uppermost with the lowest category = 1.64 [1.44−1.86]). The positive association was more evident among current smokers (1.86 [1.41−2.46]), but no significant associations were found among never or former smokers. Our findings suggest that tooth loss may be associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, and the association could be modified by smoking status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Suk Yoon
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (H.-S.Y.); (X.-O.S.); (G.Y.); (H.C.); (J.S.); (J.J.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (H.-S.Y.); (X.-O.S.); (G.Y.); (H.C.); (J.S.); (J.J.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201112, China;
| | - Gong Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (H.-S.Y.); (X.-O.S.); (G.Y.); (H.C.); (J.S.); (J.J.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Hui Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (H.-S.Y.); (X.-O.S.); (G.Y.); (H.C.); (J.S.); (J.J.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Jiajun Shi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (H.-S.Y.); (X.-O.S.); (G.Y.); (H.C.); (J.S.); (J.J.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Jae Jeong Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (H.-S.Y.); (X.-O.S.); (G.Y.); (H.C.); (J.S.); (J.J.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.R.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.R.); (Q.L.)
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (H.-S.Y.); (X.-O.S.); (G.Y.); (H.C.); (J.S.); (J.J.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (H.-S.Y.); (X.-O.S.); (G.Y.); (H.C.); (J.S.); (J.J.Y.); (W.Z.)
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Lee HC, Lu YH, Huang YL, Huang SL, Chuang HC. Air Pollution Effects to the Subtype and Severity of Lung Cancers. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:835026. [PMID: 35433740 PMCID: PMC9008538 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.835026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The correlation between lung cancer incidence and air pollution has been established in previous research, but the other detail impact of air pollution to lung cancer is still under investigation. This study aimed to explore if air pollution affected the subtype and staging of lung cancer. At the same time, we investigated the effect of individual pollutant to subtypes and staging. Single center data were extracted from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020 using the search engine in the radiology reporting system of Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan. There were 169 patients finally included for analysis. The nationwide statistics data of lung cancer were extracted from the Taiwan Cancer Registry. The air quality data were extracted from the Taiwan air quality monitoring network. Comparison of the single center lung cancer characteristics with nationwide data was made using the chi-square test. Comparison of the air quality of the living space of the included cases with the average quality in Taiwan in 2020 was made using the Z-test. The result shows there was significant difference of cancer subtype and staging between the regional data and the nationwide data. The regional data demonstrated a tendency of higher incidence of adenocarcinoma and advanced stage disease. As for air quality, there was no significant difference. The regional PM10 level presented generally lower levels in regional data as compared to Taiwan in 2020 with near statistically significant P-value (0.052); the regional NO2 level presented generally higher levels in regional data as compared to Taiwan in 2020 with near statistically significant P-value (0.060). The results indicate that air pollution might be related to increase in adenocarcinoma ratio and advanced stage of lung cancer at initial presentation. The NO2 was probably the leading pollutant causing this trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chi Lee
- Department of Radiology, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsun Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Yueh-Hsun Lu
| | - Yen-Lin Huang
- Department of Radiology, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih Li Huang
- Medical Department, Tai An Hospital Shuang Shi Branch, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Taucher E, Mykoliuk I, Lindenmann J, Smolle-Juettner FM. Implications of the Immune Landscape in COPD and Lung Cancer: Smoking Versus Other Causes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:846605. [PMID: 35386685 PMCID: PMC8978964 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.846605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is reported in about one third of adults worldwide. A strong relationship between cigarette smoke exposure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as well as lung cancer has been proven. However, about 15% of lung cancer cases, and between one fourth and one third of COPD cases, occur in never-smokers. The effects of cigarette smoke on the innate as well as the adaptive immune system have been widely investigated. It is assumed that certain immunologic features contribute to lung cancer and COPD development in the absence of smoking as the major risk factor. In this article, we review different immunological aspects of lung cancer and COPD with a special focus on non-smoking related risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Taucher
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Iurii Mykoliuk
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Joerg Lindenmann
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
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Jiang X, Yuan Y, Tang L, Wang J, Zhang D, Duan L. Systematic Analysis and Validation of the Prognosis, Immunological Role and Biology Function of the Ferroptosis-Related lncRNA GSEC/miRNA-101-3p/CISD1 Axis in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:793732. [PMID: 35320929 PMCID: PMC8936422 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.793732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for approximately 85% of pulmonary malignancies. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that ferroptosis plays a central role in both immunities as well as tumor proliferation. However, the clinical significance, immunological function, and upstream modulatory mechanism of ferroptosis-related genes in LUAD remain unclear. Here, we utilized various bioinformatics data to identify differentially expressed (DEGs) and prognosis-related ferroptosis (FRGs) genes in LUAD. Based upon identified DEGs, FRG, and ceRNA modulatory networks were constructed. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between FRGs and the tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, tumor-infiltrating immunity, cellular checkpoint control, and drug sensitivity in LUAD. A loss-of-function analysis was performed to verify the function of CISD1 in LUAD progression. Our findings revealed that certain FRGs (CISD1, ATP5MC3, PGD, SLC7A11, ACSL3, and FANCD2) are significantly upregulated in LUAD and that their elevated expression is associated with both advanced tumor stage and unfavorable prognosis. Furthermore, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment results revealed these FRGs to be primarily involved in ferroptosis and glutathione metabolism in LUAD. We constructed a prognostic FRG-based model capable of accurately predicting LUAD patient overall survival with high specificity. The upstream lncRNA GSEC/miRNA-101-3p regulatory axis involving CISD1, ATP5MC3, and PGD was identified to be relevant in tumor progression. We also found GSEC, CISD1, ATP5MC3, and PGD to be upregulated, with miRNA-101-3p downregulated, in the setting of LUAD. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed CISD1, ATP5MC3, and PGD overexpression in LUAD tissue samples; CISD1 knockdown was noted to significantly inhibit LUAD proliferation and migration. In summary, this study characterizes relevant functional roles of the lncRNA GSEC/miR-101-3p axis in the setting of LUAD and suggests diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers potentially useful in the clinical management of this illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulin Jiang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Tumor Hospital), Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China
| | - Yixiao Yuan
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Tumor Hospital), Kunming, China
| | - Lin Tang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Tumor Hospital), Kunming, China
| | - Juan Wang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Tumor Hospital), Kunming, China
| | - Dahang Zhang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Tumor Hospital), Kunming, China
| | - Lincan Duan
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Tumor Hospital), Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Lincan Duan,
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Tang L, Yuan Y, Zhai H, Wang J, Zhang D, Liang H, Shi Y, Duan L, Jiang X. MicroRNA-125b-5p Correlates With Prognosis and Lung Adenocarcinoma Progression. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:788690. [PMID: 35187068 PMCID: PMC8851393 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.788690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies have focused on investigating microRNAs as crucial regulators in the progression of multiple cancer types. Nevertheless, the biological effects and immunological role of miR-125b-5p in non-small cell lung cancer (lung adenocarcinoma, LUAD) have not been determined. The present study aimed to examine the function of miR-125b-5p on cell proliferation and the outcomes of LUAD patients. We utilized diverse public databases in the analysis of the expression, prognosis, diagnostic value, and immune role of miR-125b-5p in non-small cell lung cancer. The growth curve, colony formation, flow cytometry, and Transwell and invasion assays were utilized to determine the function of miR-125b-5p in LUAD progression. In this study, we found that miR-125b-5p was decreased in LUAD and correlated with poor prognosis. Pathway analyses revealed that miR-125b-5p was mainly involved in cell proliferation and immune regulation. Moreover, in vitro experiments indicated that the overexpression of miR-125b-5p significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced cell apoptosis of LUAD. Finally, we discovered that miR-125b-5p correlated with immune cell infiltration. In summary, these results demonstrated that miR-125b-5p serves as a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yixiao Yuan
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Haoqing Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Wang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Dahang Zhang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Huasu Liang
- Department of Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yulin Shi
- Department of Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lincan Duan
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Lincan Duan, ; Xiulin Jiang,
| | - Xiulin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lincan Duan, ; Xiulin Jiang,
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Inhibitory effect of two coordination polymers combined with LL-37 against lung cancer. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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DeRouen MC, Canchola AJ, Thompson CA, Jin A, Nie S, Wong C, Lichtensztajn D, Allen L, Patel MI, Daida YG, Luft HS, Shariff-Marco S, Reynolds P, Wakelee HA, Liang SY, Waitzfelder BE, Cheng I, Gomez SL. Incidence of Lung Cancer Among Never-Smoking Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Females. J Natl Cancer Inst 2022; 114:78-86. [PMID: 34345919 PMCID: PMC8755498 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djab143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although lung cancer incidence rates according to smoking status, sex, and detailed race/ethnicity have not been available, it is estimated that more than half of Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) females with lung cancer have never smoked. METHODS We calculated age-adjusted incidence rates for lung cancer according to smoking status and detailed race/ethnicity among females, focusing on AANHPI ethnic groups, and assessed relative incidence across racial/ethnic groups. We used a large-scale dataset that integrates data from electronic health records from 2 large health-care systems-Sutter Health in Northern California and Kaiser Permanente Hawai'i-linked to state cancer registries for incident lung cancer diagnoses between 2000 and 2013. The study population included 1 222 694 females (n = 244 147 AANHPI), 3297 of which were diagnosed with lung cancer (n = 535 AANHPI). RESULTS Incidence of lung cancer among never-smoking AANHPI as an aggregate group was 17.1 per 100 000 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 14.9 to 19.4) but varied widely across ethnic groups. Never-smoking Chinese American females had the highest rate (22.8 per 100 000, 95% CI = 17.3 to 29.1). Except for Japanese American females, incidence among every never-smoking AANHPI female ethnic group was higher than that of never-smoking non-Hispanic White females, from 66% greater among Native Hawaiian females (incidence rate ratio = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.03 to 2.56) to more than 100% greater among Chinese American females (incidence rate ratio = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.67 to 3.02). CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed high rates of lung cancer among most never-smoking AANHPI female ethnic groups. Our approach illustrates the use of innovative data integration to dispel the myth that AANHPI females are at overall reduced risk of lung cancer and demonstrates the need to disaggregate this highly diverse population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindy C DeRouen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alison J Canchola
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Caroline A Thompson
- San Diego State University School of Public Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
- Sutter Health Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Anqi Jin
- Sutter Health Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Sixiang Nie
- Kaiser Permanente Hawai’i Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Carmen Wong
- Kaiser Permanente Hawai’i Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Daphne Lichtensztajn
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laura Allen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Yihe G Daida
- Kaiser Permanente Hawai’i Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Harold S Luft
- Sutter Health Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Salma Shariff-Marco
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peggy Reynolds
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Heather A Wakelee
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Su-Ying Liang
- Sutter Health Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Beth E Waitzfelder
- Kaiser Permanente Hawai’i Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Iona Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Scarlett L Gomez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
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Wong ML, Shi Y, Smith AK, Miaskowski C, Boscardin WJ, Cohen HJ, Lam V, Mazor M, Metzger L, Presley CJ, Williams GR, Loh KP, Ursem CJ, Friedlander TW, Blakely CM, Gubens MA, Allen G, Shumay D, Walter LC. Changes in older adults' life space during lung cancer treatment: A mixed methods cohort study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2022; 70:136-149. [PMID: 34611887 PMCID: PMC8742783 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maintenance of function during cancer treatment is important to older adults. Characteristics associated with pretreatment life-space mobility and changes during non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment remain unknown. METHODS This mixed methods cohort study recruited adults age ≥65 with advanced NSCLC starting palliative chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and/or targeted therapy from a Comprehensive Cancer Center, Veterans Affairs, and safety-net clinic. Patients completed geriatric assessments including Life-Space Assessment (LSA) pretreatment and at 1, 2, 4, and 6 months after treatment initiation. LSA scores range from 0 to 120 (greater mobility); LSA <60 is considered restricted. We used mixed-effects models to examine pretreatment LSA, change from 0 to 1 month, and change from 1 to 6 months. A subgroup participated in semistructured interviews pretreatment and at 2 and 6 months to understand the patient experience of life-space change. For each interview participant, we created joint displays of longitudinal LSA scores juxtaposed with illustrative quotes. RESULTS Among 93 patients, median age was 73 (range 65-94). Mean pretreatment LSA score was 67.1. On average, LSA declined 10.1 points from pretreatment to 1 month and remained stable at 6 months. Pretreatment LSA score was associated with several demographic, clinical, geriatric assessment, and symptom characteristics. LSA decline at 1 month was greater among patients with high anxiety (slope = -12.6 vs. -2.3, p = 0.048). Pretreatment body mass index <21 kg/m2 was associated with LSA improvement from 1 to 6 months (slope = 4.1 vs. -0.04, p = 0.003). Joint displays illustrated the impact of different life-space trajectories on patients' lives in their words. CONCLUSION Older adults with NSCLC have low pretreatment life space with many developing restricted life space during treatment. Incorporating life-space assessments into clinical cancer care may help older adults concretely visualize how treatment might impact their daily function to allow for informed decision making and identify early changes in mobility to implement supportive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa L. Wong
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Geriatrics, University of California, San Francisco and San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ying Shi
- Division of Geriatrics, University of California, San Francisco and San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alexander K. Smith
- Division of Geriatrics, University of California, San Francisco and San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christine Miaskowski
- Departments of Physiological Nursing and Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - W. John Boscardin
- Division of Geriatrics, University of California, San Francisco and San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Harvey Jay Cohen
- Center for the Study of Aging & Human Development and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Vivian Lam
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Melissa Mazor
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Carolyn J. Presley
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center. Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Grant R. Williams
- Divisions of Hematology/Oncology & Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kah Poh Loh
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Carling J. Ursem
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Terence W. Friedlander
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Collin M. Blakely
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew A. Gubens
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gregory Allen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dianne Shumay
- Department of Psychiatry, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Louise C. Walter
- Division of Geriatrics, University of California, San Francisco and San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Correlation between Imaging Features and Pathological Stages of Primary Lung Tumors Based on Nanocontrast Agents. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2021; 2021:2343299. [PMID: 34790250 PMCID: PMC8592732 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2343299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
As one of the conventional methods of lung cancer detection, computed tomography (CT) usually requires the use of contrast agents to enhance the imaging effect. Conventional iodine contrast agents have poor signal-to-noise ratio and are prone to adverse reactions. It is necessary to find more effective and safe contrast agents for CT scans. The gold nanoparticles with secondary electron effect and photoelectric absorption effect can prolong the display time of the patient's blood circulation after being injected into the patient's body, which makes the nanocontrast agent a research hotspot in the field of CT imaging. In this study, ultrasmall gold nanoclusters with a diameter of about 5 nm were used as the contrast agent in CT scans. It was found that CT scans based on nanocontrast agents can obtain high-quality lung cancer imaging images, and the patient has no obvious adverse reactions. When observing the CT image, it was found that the stage of lung cancer patients can be clearly distinguished through the CT scan image. When analyzing the consistency of CT imaging and pathological classification, the Kappa value was 0.810, indicating that the two have a high degree of consistency. Therefore, this study believes that the imaging characteristics of primary lung tumors based on nanocontrast agents are highly correlated with their pathological types.
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Distribution of Lung-RADS categories according to job type in a single shipyard workers. Ann Occup Environ Med 2021; 33:e22. [PMID: 34754483 PMCID: PMC8367747 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2021.33.e22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, lung cancer screenings based on age and smoking history using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) have begun in Korea. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of lung imaging reporting and data system (Lung-RADS) categories in shipyard workers exposed to lung carcinogens such as nickel, chromium, and welding fumes according to job type, to provide basic data regarding indications for LDCT in shipyard workers. Methods This study included 6,326 workers from a single shipyard, who underwent health examinations with LDCT between January 2010 and December 2018. Data on age, smoking status and history, medical history, and job type were investigated. The participants were categorized into high-exposure, low-exposure, and non-exposure job groups based on the estimated exposure level of nickel, chromium, and welding fumes according to job type. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to determine the difference between exposure groups in Lung-RADS category ≥ 3 (3, 4A, and 4B). Results Out of all participants, 97 (1.5%) participants were classified into Lung-RADS category ≥ 3 and 7 (0.1%) participants were confirmed as lung cancer. The positive predictive value (ratio of diagnosed lung cancer cases to Lung-RADS category ≥ 3) was 7.2%. The hazard ratio (HR) of Lung-RADS category ≥ 3 was 1.451 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.911–2.309) in low-exposure and 1.692 (95% CI: 1.007–2.843) in high-exposure job group. Adjusting for age and pack-years, the HR was statistically significant only in the high-exposure job group (HR: 1.689; 95% CI: 1.004–2.841). Conclusions Based on LDCT and Lung-RADS, among male shipyard workers, Lung-RADS category ≥ 3 were significantly higher in the high-exposure job group. Their HR tended to be > 1.0 and was statistically significant in the high-exposure job group. Additional studies should be conducted to establish more elaborate LDCT indications for occupational health examination.
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Identification of Significant Genes in Lung Cancer of Nonsmoking Women via Bioinformatics Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5516218. [PMID: 34671675 PMCID: PMC8523254 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5516218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to identify potential key genes, proteins, and associated interaction networks for the development of lung cancer in nonsmoking women through a bioinformatics approach. Methods We used the GSE19804 dataset, which includes 60 lung cancer and corresponding paracancerous tissue samples from nonsmoking women, to perform the work. The GSE19804 microarray was downloaded from the GEO database and differentially expressed genes were identified using the limma package analysis in R software, with the screening criteria of p value < 0.01 and ∣log2 fold change (FC) | >2. Results A total of 169 DEGs including 130 upregulated genes and 39 downregulated were selected. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analysis were performed using the DAVID website, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed and the hub gene module was screened through STING and Cytoscape. Conclusions We obtained five key genes such as GREM1, MMP11, SPP1, FOSB, and IL33 which were strongly associated with lung cancer in nonsmoking women, which improved understanding and could serve as new therapeutic targets, but their functionality needs further experimental verification.
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Rahman AU, Folaranmi O, Chan V, Chaudary A. Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Positive Primary Lung Adenocarcinoma Presenting With Pericardial Effusion and Tamponade in a COVID-19 Patient: A Case Report. Cureus 2021; 13:e19127. [PMID: 34868767 PMCID: PMC8627680 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary lung cancer usually presents in older adults with a smoking history. However, there is an estimated incidence of 15-20% among men who have never smoked. The diagnosis of lung malignancy can often be incidental. Moreover, cardiac tamponade can be an initial presentation of malignancy, especially lung cancer, as these are the most common tumors that involve the pericardium. Here, we present a 54-year-old male with no known medical history presented with dyspnea on exertion. He was found to have a large pericardial effusion with tamponade physiology on a bedside echocardiogram. He was also found to have bilateral deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism on admission. The patient underwent an emergent pericardiocentesis due to hemodynamic compromise, and pericardial fluid cytology suggested adenocarcinoma with lung primary. Subsequently, gene testing revealed anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive adenocarcinoma of the lung. The patient was discharged home with close oncology follow-up. It is imperative to recognize malignant pericardial effusion as one of the causes of dyspnea. Emergent pericardiocentesis may be needed in case of hemodynamic compromise and tenuous clinical status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vernon Chan
- Internal Medicine, WellSpan York Hospital, York, USA
| | - Amna Chaudary
- Internal Medicine, WellSpan York Hospital, York, USA
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Abstract
Lung cancer represents the world's leading cause of cancer deaths. Sex differences in the incidence and mortality rates for various types of lung cancers have been identified, but the biological and endocrine mechanisms implicated in these disparities have not yet been determined. While some cancers such as lung adenocarcinoma are more commonly found among women than men, others like squamous cell carcinoma display the opposite pattern or show no sex differences. Associations of tobacco product use rates, susceptibility to carcinogens, occupational exposures, and indoor and outdoor air pollution have also been linked to differential rates of lung cancer occurrence and mortality between sexes. While roles for sex hormones in other types of cancers affecting women or men have been identified and described, little is known about the influence of sex hormones in lung cancer. One potential mechanism identified to date is the synergism between estrogen and some tobacco compounds, and oncogene mutations, in inducing the expression of metabolic enzymes, leading to enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species and DNA adducts, and subsequent lung carcinogenesis. In this review, we present the literature available regarding sex differences in cancer rates, associations of male and female sex hormones with lung cancer, the influence of exogenous hormone therapy in women, and potential mechanisms mediated by male and female sex hormone receptors in lung carcinogenesis. The influence of biological sex on lung disease has recently been established, thus new research incorporating this variable will shed light on the mechanisms behind the observed disparities in lung cancer rates, and potentially lead to the development of new therapeutics to treat this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Fuentes
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Miguel Silva Rodriguez
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University, School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University, School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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Li X, Wu Q, Zhou B, Liu Y, Lv J, Chang Q, Zhao Y. Umbrella Review on Associations Between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Lung Cancer Risk. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:687105. [PMID: 34540891 PMCID: PMC8446528 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.687105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim is to comprehensively and accurately assess potential relationships between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and lung cancer (LC) risk by summarizing the evidence in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. This umbrella review was registered with the PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews under registration number CRD42020204685. The PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched to identify eligible systematic reviews and meta-analyses from inception to August 14, 2020. The evaluation of cumulative evidence was conducted for associations with nominally statistical significance based on the Venice criteria and false positive report probability (FPRP). This umbrella review finally included 120 articles of a total of 190 SNP. The median number of studies and sample size included in the meta-analyses were five (range, 3–52) and 4 389 (range, 354–256 490), respectively. A total of 85 SNP (in 218 genetic models) were nominally statistically associated with LC risk. Based on the Venice criteria and FPRP, 13 SNP (in 22 genetic models), 47 SNP (in 99 genetic models), and 55 SNP (in 94 genetic models) had strong, moderate, and weak cumulative evidence of associations with LC risk, respectively. In conclusion, this umbrella review indicated that only 13 SNP (of 11 genes and one miRNA) were strongly correlated to LC risk. These findings can serve as a general and helpful reference for further genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Li
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qijun Wu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Baosen Zhou
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yashu Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiale Lv
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Chang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuhong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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50
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Gu S, Wu Q, Li Y, Jia W, Zhang D, Jiao L, Zhang Y. Investigation of differentially expressed gene profile for cisplatin-treated lung cancer patients. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 32:875-881. [PMID: 33967201 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to establish a comprehensive differential gene profile for lung cancer patients treated with cisplatin compared with control patients without any chemotherapy drug treatment. The RNA sequencing data and miRNA sequencing data of 108 lung cancer patients treated with cisplatin only and 232 lung cancer patients treated without any chemotherapeutic drugs, were analyzed using differential expression, protein-protein interaction, and immune cell infiltration ratio analysis. Compared with control patients, the cisplatin-treated patients demonstrated 336 differentially expressed genes, which included 48 upregulated genes and 288 downregulated genes. Meanwhile, 12 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs), including 7 upregulated miRNAs and 5 downregulated miRNAs showed a differentially expressed pattern. With further instigation, five miRNAs (hsa-miR-548ah, hsa-miR-466, hsa-miR-552, hsa-miR-371a, and hsa-miR-4445) were suggested to be the key targets in the cisplatin-treated patients. At the same time, we also found a significant correlation between the cisplatin treatment and six immune checkpoints including programmed cell death ligand. This study helped us better understand the potential targets and underline molecular mechanisms for cisplatin treatment and provided references to eliminate existing side effects in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Gu
- Tianjin Medical University
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Yuechuan Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongrui Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lina Jiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yating Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
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