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Załuski M, Karcz T, Drabczyńska A, Vielmuth C, Olejarz-Maciej A, Głuch-Lutwin M, Mordyl B, Siwek A, Satała G, Müller CE, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Xanthine-Dopamine Hybrid Molecules as Multitarget Drugs with Potential for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1079. [PMID: 37509114 PMCID: PMC10377586 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Multitarget drugs based on a hybrid dopamine-xanthine core were designed as potential drug candidates for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors with significant ancillary A2A adenosine receptor (A2AAR) antagonistic properties were further developed to exhibit additional phosphodiesterase-4 and -10 (PDE4/10) inhibition and/or dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) agonistic activity. While all of the designed compounds showed MAO-B inhibition in the nanomolar range mostly combined with submicromolar A2AAR affinity, significant enhancement of PDE-inhibitory and D2R-agonistic activity was additionally reached for some compounds through various structural modifications. The final multitarget drugs also showed promising antioxidant properties in vitro. In order to evaluate their potential neuroprotective effect, representative ligands were tested in a cellular model of toxin-induced neurotoxicity. As a result, protective effects against oxidative stress in neuroblastoma cells were observed, confirming the utility of the applied strategy. Further evaluation of the newly developed multitarget ligands in preclinical models of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Załuski
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Drabczyńska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Christin Vielmuth
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Olejarz-Maciej
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Głuch-Lutwin
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Mordyl
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Satała
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
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2
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Synthesis of 2-chloropurine ribosides with chiral amino acid amides at C6 and their evaluation as A1 adenosine receptor agonists. Bioorg Chem 2022; 126:105878. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Lee Y, Hou X, Lee JH, Nayak A, Alexander V, Sharma PK, Chang H, Phan K, Gao ZG, Jacobson KA, Choi S, Jeong LS. Subtle Chemical Changes Cross the Boundary between Agonist and Antagonist: New A 3 Adenosine Receptor Homology Models and Structural Network Analysis Can Predict This Boundary. J Med Chem 2021; 64:12525-12536. [PMID: 34435786 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Distinguishing compounds' agonistic or antagonistic behavior would be of great utility for the rational discovery of selective modulators. We synthesized truncated nucleoside derivatives and discovered 6c (Ki = 2.40 nM) as a potent human A3 adenosine receptor (hA3AR) agonist, and subtle chemical modification induced a shift from antagonist to agonist. We elucidated this shift by developing new hA3AR homology models that consider the pharmacological profiles of the ligands. Taken together with molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and three-dimensional (3D) structural network analysis of the receptor-ligand complex, the results indicated that the hydrogen bonding with Thr943.36 and His2727.43 could make a stable interaction between the 3'-amino group with TM3 and TM7, and the corresponding induced-fit effects may play important roles in rendering the agonistic effect. Our results provide a more precise understanding of the compounds' actions at the atomic level and a rationale for the design of new drugs with specific pharmacological profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonji Lee
- Global AI Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.,College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiyan Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Hee Lee
- Global AI Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Akshata Nayak
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Varughese Alexander
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Pankaz K Sharma
- Global AI Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerim Chang
- Global AI Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Khai Phan
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Sun Choi
- Global AI Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Lak Shin Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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4
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Hagenow S, Affini A, Pioli EY, Hinz S, Zhao Y, Porras G, Namasivayam V, Müller CE, Lin JS, Bezard E, Stark H. Adenosine A 2AR/A 1R Antagonists Enabling Additional H 3R Antagonism for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. J Med Chem 2021; 64:8246-8262. [PMID: 34107215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine A1/A2A receptors (A1R/A2AR) represent targets in nondopaminergic treatment of motor disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). As an innovative strategy, multitargeting ligands (MTLs) were developed to achieve comprehensive PD therapies simultaneously addressing comorbid symptoms such as sleep disruption. Recognizing the wake-promoting capacity of histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonists in combination with the "caffeine-like effects" of A1R/A2AR antagonists, we designed A1R/A2AR/H3R MTLs, where a piperidino-/pyrrolidino(propyloxy)phenyl H3R pharmacophore was introduced with overlap into an adenosine antagonist arylindenopyrimidine core. These MTLs showed distinct receptor binding profiles with overall nanomolar H3R affinities (Ki < 55 nM). Compound 4 (ST-2001, Ki (A1R) = 11.5 nM, Ki (A2AR) = 7.25 nM) and 12 (ST-1992, Ki (A1R) = 11.2 nM, Ki (A2AR) = 4.01 nM) were evaluated in vivo. l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia was improved after administration of compound 4 (1 mg kg-1, i.p. rats). Compound 12 (2 mg kg-1, p.o. mice) increased wakefulness representing novel pharmacological tools for PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Hagenow
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaets street 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Anna Affini
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaets street 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Elsa Y Pioli
- Motac Neuroscience Limited, SK10 4TF Macclesfield, U.K
| | - Sonja Hinz
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Faculty of Health, Alfred-Herrhausen-Street 50, 58448 Witten, Germany
| | - Yan Zhao
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM UI028, CNRS UMR 5292, Claude Bernard University, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon, France
| | | | - Vigneshwaran Namasivayam
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jian-Sheng Lin
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM UI028, CNRS UMR 5292, Claude Bernard University, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon, France
| | - Erwan Bezard
- Motac Neuroscience Limited, SK10 4TF Macclesfield, U.K
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaets street 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
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Lindemann M, Dukic-Stefanovic S, Hinz S, Deuther-Conrad W, Teodoro R, Juhl C, Steinbach J, Brust P, Müller CE, Wenzel B. Synthesis of Novel Fluorinated Xanthine Derivatives with High Adenosine A 2B Receptor Binding Affinity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14050485. [PMID: 34069548 PMCID: PMC8161391 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The G protein-coupled adenosine A2B receptor is suggested to be involved in various pathological processes accompanied by increased levels of adenosine as found in inflammation, hypoxia, and cancer. Therefore, the adenosine A2B receptor is currently in focus as a novel target for cancer therapy as well as for noninvasive molecular imaging via positron emission tomography (PET). Aiming at the development of a radiotracer labeled with the PET radionuclide fluorine-18 for imaging the adenosine A2B receptor in brain tumors, one of the most potent and selective antagonists, the xanthine derivative PSB-603, was selected as a lead compound. As initial biodistribution studies in mice revealed a negligible brain uptake of [3H]PSB-603 (SUV3min: 0.2), structural modifications were performed to optimize the physicochemical properties regarding blood–brain barrier penetration. Two novel fluorinated derivatives bearing a 2-fluoropyridine (5) moiety and a 4-fluoro-piperidine (6) moiety were synthesized, and their affinity towards the four adenosine receptor subtypes was determined in competition binding assays. Both compounds showed high affinity towards the adenosine A2B receptor (Ki (5) = 9.97 ± 0.86 nM; Ki (6) = 12.3 ± 3.6 nM) with moderate selectivity versus the other adenosine receptor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Lindemann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (S.D.-S.); (W.D.-C.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.); (B.W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sladjana Dukic-Stefanovic
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (S.D.-S.); (W.D.-C.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.); (B.W.)
- ROTOP Pharmaka GmbH, 01328 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Sonja Hinz
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany; (S.H.); (C.E.M.)
| | - Winnie Deuther-Conrad
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (S.D.-S.); (W.D.-C.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.); (B.W.)
| | - Rodrigo Teodoro
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (S.D.-S.); (W.D.-C.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.); (B.W.)
| | | | - Jörg Steinbach
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (S.D.-S.); (W.D.-C.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.); (B.W.)
| | - Peter Brust
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (S.D.-S.); (W.D.-C.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.); (B.W.)
| | - Christa E. Müller
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany; (S.H.); (C.E.M.)
| | - Barbara Wenzel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (S.D.-S.); (W.D.-C.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.); (B.W.)
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6
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Yang X, Heitman LH, IJzerman AP, van der Es D. Molecular probes for the human adenosine receptors. Purinergic Signal 2021; 17:85-108. [PMID: 33313997 PMCID: PMC7954947 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09753-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine receptors, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are activated by the endogenous ligand adenosine, have been considered potential therapeutic targets in several disorders. To date however, only very few adenosine receptor modulators have made it to the market. Increased understanding of these receptors is required to improve the success rate of adenosine receptor drug discovery. To improve our understanding of receptor structure and function, over the past decades, a diverse array of molecular probes has been developed and applied. These probes, including radioactive or fluorescent moieties, have proven invaluable in GPCR research in general. Specifically for adenosine receptors, the development and application of covalent or reversible probes, whether radiolabeled or fluorescent, have been instrumental in the discovery of new chemical entities, the characterization and interrogation of adenosine receptor subtypes, and the study of adenosine receptor behavior in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. This review summarizes these applications, and also serves as an invitation to walk another mile to further improve probe characteristics and develop additional tags that allow the investigation of adenosine receptors and other GPCRs in even finer detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Laura H. Heitman
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan P. IJzerman
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daan van der Es
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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7
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Załuski M, Schabikowski J, Jaśko P, Bryła A, Olejarz-Maciej A, Kaleta M, Głuch-Lutwin M, Brockmann A, Hinz S, Zygmunt M, Kuder K, Latacz G, Vielmuth C, Müller CE, Kieć-Kononowicz K. 8-Benzylaminoxanthine scaffold variations for selective ligands acting on adenosine A 2A receptors. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2020; 101:104033. [PMID: 32629282 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A library of 34 novel compounds based on a xanthine scaffold was explored in biological studies for interaction with adenosine receptors (ARs). Structural modifications of the xanthine core were introduced in the 8-position (benzylamino and benzyloxy substitution) as well as at N1, N3, and N7 (small alkyl residues), thereby improving affinity and selectivity for the A2A AR. The compounds were characterized by radioligand binding assays, and our study resulted in the development of the potent A2A AR ligands including 8-((6-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxybenzyl)amino)-1-ethyl-3,7-dimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione (12d; Ki human A2AAR: 68.5 nM) and 8-((2-chlorobenzyl)amino)-1-ethyl-3,7-dimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione (12h; Ki human A2AAR: 71.1 nM). Moreover, dual A1/A2AAR ligands were identified in the group of 1,3-diethyl-7-methylxanthine derivatives. Compound 14b displayed Ki values of 52.2 nM for the A1AR and 167 nM for the A2AAR. Selected A2AAR ligands were further evaluated as inactive for inhibition of monoamine oxidase A, B and isoforms of phosphodiesterase-4B1, -10A, which represent classical targets for xanthine derivatives. Therefore, the developed 8-benzylaminoxanthine scaffold seems to be highly selective for AR activity and relevant for potent and selective A2A ligands. Compound 12d with high selectivity for ARs, especially for the A2AAR subtype, evaluated in animal models of inflammation has shown anti-inflammatory activity. Investigated compounds were found to display high selectivity and may therefore be of high interest for further development as drugs for treating cancer or neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Załuski
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jakub Schabikowski
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Jaśko
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Adrian Bryła
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Olejarz-Maciej
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Kaleta
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Głuch-Lutwin
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Andreas Brockmann
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sonja Hinz
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Małgorzata Zygmunt
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Kuder
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Christin Vielmuth
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30688 Kraków, Poland.
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8
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Lindemann M, Moldovan RP, Hinz S, Deuther-Conrad W, Gündel D, Dukic-Stefanovic S, Toussaint M, Teodoro R, Juhl C, Steinbach J, Brust P, Müller CE, Wenzel B. Development of a Radiofluorinated Adenosine A 2B Receptor Antagonist as Potential Ligand for PET Imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093197. [PMID: 32366046 PMCID: PMC7246765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The adenosine A2B receptor has been proposed as a novel therapeutic target in cancer, as its expression is drastically elevated in several tumors and cancer cells. Noninvasive molecular imaging via positron emission tomography (PET) would allow the in vivo quantification of this receptor in pathological processes and most likely enable the identification and clinical monitoring of respective cancer therapies. On the basis of a bicyclic pyridopyrimidine-2,4-dione core structure, the new adenosine A2B receptor ligand 9 was synthesized, containing a 2-fluoropyridine moiety suitable for labeling with the short-lived PET radionuclide fluorine-18. Compound 9 showed a high binding affinity for the human A2B receptor (Ki(A2B) = 2.51 nM), along with high selectivities versus the A1, A2A, and A3 receptor subtypes. Therefore, it was radiofluorinated via nucleophilic aromatic substitution of the corresponding nitro precursor using [18F]F-/K2.2.2./K2CO3 in DMSO at 120 °C. Metabolic studies of [18F]9 in mice revealed about 60% of radiotracer intact in plasma at 30 minutes p.i. A preliminary PET study in healthy mice showed an overall biodistribution of [18F]9, corresponding to the known ubiquitous but low expression of the A2B receptor. Consequently, [18F]9 represents a novel PET radiotracer with high affinity and selectivity toward the adenosine A2B receptor and a suitable in vivo profile. Subsequent studies are envisaged to investigate the applicability of [18F]9 to detect alterations in the receptor density in certain cancer-related disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Lindemann
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.L.); (R.-P.M.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (S.D.-S.); (M.T.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Rareş-Petru Moldovan
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.L.); (R.-P.M.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (S.D.-S.); (M.T.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Sonja Hinz
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany; (S.H.); (C.E.M.)
| | - Winnie Deuther-Conrad
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.L.); (R.-P.M.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (S.D.-S.); (M.T.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Daniel Gündel
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.L.); (R.-P.M.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (S.D.-S.); (M.T.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Sladjana Dukic-Stefanovic
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.L.); (R.-P.M.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (S.D.-S.); (M.T.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
- ROTOP Pharmaka GmbH, 01328 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Magali Toussaint
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.L.); (R.-P.M.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (S.D.-S.); (M.T.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Rodrigo Teodoro
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.L.); (R.-P.M.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (S.D.-S.); (M.T.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
| | | | - Jörg Steinbach
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.L.); (R.-P.M.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (S.D.-S.); (M.T.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Peter Brust
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.L.); (R.-P.M.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (S.D.-S.); (M.T.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Christa E. Müller
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany; (S.H.); (C.E.M.)
| | - Barbara Wenzel
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.L.); (R.-P.M.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (S.D.-S.); (M.T.); (R.T.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-341-2341794637
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9
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Kuder KJ, Załuski M, Schabikowski J, Latacz G, Olejarz‐Maciej A, Jaśko P, Doroz‐Płonka A, Brockmann A, Müller CE, Kieć‐Kononowicz K. Novel, Dual Target‐Directed Annelated Xanthine Derivatives Acting on Adenosine Receptors and Monoamine Oxidase B. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:772-786. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamil J. Kuder
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of DrugsJagiellonian University Medical College Medyczna 9 30-688 Kraków Poland
| | - Michał Załuski
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of DrugsJagiellonian University Medical College Medyczna 9 30-688 Kraków Poland
| | - Jakub Schabikowski
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of DrugsJagiellonian University Medical College Medyczna 9 30-688 Kraków Poland
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of DrugsJagiellonian University Medical College Medyczna 9 30-688 Kraków Poland
| | - Agnieszka Olejarz‐Maciej
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of DrugsJagiellonian University Medical College Medyczna 9 30-688 Kraków Poland
| | - Piotr Jaśko
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of DrugsJagiellonian University Medical College Medyczna 9 30-688 Kraków Poland
| | - Agata Doroz‐Płonka
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of DrugsJagiellonian University Medical College Medyczna 9 30-688 Kraków Poland
| | - Andreas Brockmann
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical InstitutePharmaceutical Chemistry University of Bonn An der Immenburg 4 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Christa E. Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical InstitutePharmaceutical Chemistry University of Bonn An der Immenburg 4 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Katarzyna Kieć‐Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of DrugsJagiellonian University Medical College Medyczna 9 30-688 Kraków Poland
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10
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Abdelrahman A, Yerande SG, Namasivayam V, Klapschinski TA, Alnouri MW, El-Tayeb A, Müller CE. Substituted 4-phenylthiazoles: Development of potent and selective A1, A3 and dual A1/A3 adenosine receptor antagonists. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 186:111879. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Fabera P, Parizkova M, Uttl L, Vondrakova K, Kubova H, Tsenov G, Mares P. Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonist 2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine and Hippocampal Excitability During Brain Development in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:656. [PMID: 31258477 PMCID: PMC6587156 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The adenosinergic system may influence excitability in the brain. Endogenous and exogenous adenosine has anticonvulsant activity presumably by activating A1 receptors. Adenosine A1 receptor agonist 2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA) may thus bolster anticonvulsant effects, but its action and the number of A1 receptors at different developmental stages are not known. Methods: Hippocampal epileptic afterdischarges (ADs) were elicited in 12-, 15-, 18-, 25-, 45-, and 60-day-old rats. Stimulation and recording electrodes were implanted into the dorsal hippocampus. The A1 receptor agonist 2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA, 0.5 or 1 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 10 min before the first stimulation. Control animals were injected with saline. All rats were stimulated with a 2-s series of 1-ms biphasic pulses delivered at 60 Hz with increasing stepwise intensity (0.05–0.6 mA). Each age and dose group contained 9–14 animals. The AD thresholds and durations were evaluated, and the A1 receptors were detected in the hippocampus in 7-, 10-, 12-, 15-, 18-, 21-, 25-, 32-, and 52-day-old rats. Results: Both CCPA doses significantly increased hippocampal AD thresholds in 12-, 15-, 18-, and 60-day-old rats compared to controls. In contrast, the higher dose significantly decreased AD threshold in the 25-day-old rats. The AD durations were significantly shortened in all age groups except for 25-day-old rats where they were significantly prolonged. A1 receptor expression in the hippocampus was highest in 10-day-old rats and subsequently decreased. Significance: The adenosine A1 receptor agonist CCPA exhibited anticonvulsant activity at all developmental stages studied here except for 25-day-old rats. Age-related differences might be due to the development of presynaptic A1 receptors in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Fabera
- Department of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Neurology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Motol University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Martina Parizkova
- Department of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Neurology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Motol University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Libor Uttl
- Department of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
| | - Katerina Vondrakova
- Department of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
| | - Hana Kubova
- Department of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Grygoriy Tsenov
- Department of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pavel Mares
- Department of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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12
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Lindemann M, Hinz S, Deuther-Conrad W, Namasivayam V, Dukic-Stefanovic S, Teodoro R, Toussaint M, Kranz M, Juhl C, Steinbach J, Brust P, Müller CE, Wenzel B. Radiosynthesis and in vivo evaluation of a fluorine-18 labeled pyrazine based radioligand for PET imaging of the adenosine A 2B receptor. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:4650-4663. [PMID: 30104122 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of a pyrazine core structure, three new adenosine A2B receptor ligands (7a-c) were synthesized containing a 2-fluoropyridine moiety suitable for 18F-labeling. Compound 7a was docked into a homology model of the A2B receptor based on X-ray structures of the related A2A receptor, and its interactions with the adenosine binding site were rationalized. Binding affinity data were determined at the four human adenosine receptor subtypes. Despite a rather low selectivity regarding the A1 receptor, 7a was radiolabeled as the most suitable candidate (Ki(A2B) = 4.24 nM) in order to perform in vivo studies in mice with the aim to estimate fundamental pharmacokinetic characteristics of the compound class. Organ distribution studies and a single PET study demonstrated brain uptake of [18F]7a with a standardized uptake value (SUV) of ≈1 at 5 min post injection followed by a fast wash out. Metabolism studies of [18F]7a in mice revealed the formation of a blood-brain barrier penetrable radiometabolite, which could be structurally identified. The results of this study provide an important basis for the design of new derivatives with improved binding properties and metabolic stability in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Lindemann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sonja Hinz
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Winnie Deuther-Conrad
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vigneshwaran Namasivayam
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Rodrigo Teodoro
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Magali Toussaint
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mathias Kranz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Steinbach
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Brust
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Barbara Wenzel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany.
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13
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Koch P, Brunschweiger A, Namasivayam V, Ullrich S, Maruca A, Lazzaretto B, Küppers P, Hinz S, Hockemeyer J, Wiese M, Heer J, Alcaro S, Kiec-Kononowicz K, Müller CE. Probing Substituents in the 1- and 3-Position: Tetrahydropyrazino-Annelated Water-Soluble Xanthine Derivatives as Multi-Target Drugs With Potent Adenosine Receptor Antagonistic Activity. Front Chem 2018; 6:206. [PMID: 29998095 PMCID: PMC6028563 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetrahydropyrazino-annelated theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine) derivatives have previously been shown to display increased water-solubility as compared to the parent xanthines due to their basic character. In the present study, we modified this promising scaffold by replacing the 1,3-dimethyl residues by a variety of alkyl groups including combinations of different substituents in both positions. Substituted benzyl or phenethyl residues were attached to the N8 of the resulting 1,3-dialkyl-tetrahydropyrazino[2,1-f ]purinediones with the aim to obtain multi-target drugs that block human A1 and A2A adenosine receptors (ARs) and monoaminoxidase B (MAO-B). 1,3-Diethyl-substituted derivatives showed high affinity for A1 ARs, e.g., 15d (PSB-18339, 8-m-bromobenzyl-substituted) displayed a Ki value of 13.6 nM combined with high selectivity. 1-Ethyl-3-propargyl-substituted derivatives exhibited increased A2A AR affinity. The 8-phenethyl derivative 20h was selective for the A2A AR (Ki 149 nM), while the corresponding 8-benzyl-substituted compound 20e (PSB-1869) blocked A1 and A2A ARs with equal potency (Ki A1, 180 nM; A2A, 282 nM). The 1-ethyl-3-methyl-substituted derivative 16a (PSB-18405) bearing a m,p-dichlorobenzyl residue at N8 blocked all three targets, A1 ARs (Ki 396 nM), A2A ARs (Ki 1,620 nM), and MAO-B (IC50 106 nM) with high selectivity vs. the other subtypes (A2B and A3 ARs, MAO-A), and can thus be considered as a multi-target drug. Our findings were rationalized by molecular docking studies based on previously published X-ray structures of the protein targets. The new drugs have potential for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Koch
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Brunschweiger
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vigneshwaran Namasivayam
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Ullrich
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annalisa Maruca
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Beatrice Lazzaretto
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Petra Küppers
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sonja Hinz
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg Hockemeyer
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Wiese
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry II, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jag Heer
- UCB Celltech, UCB Pharma S.A., Slough, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Kiec-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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14
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Załuski M, Stanuch K, Karcz T, Hinz S, Latacz G, Szymańska E, Schabikowski J, Doroż-Płonka A, Handzlik J, Drabczyńska A, Müller CE, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Tricyclic xanthine derivatives containing a basic substituent: adenosine receptor affinity and drug-related properties. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:951-962. [PMID: 30108984 PMCID: PMC6071793 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00070k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A library of 27 novel amide derivatives of annelated xanthines was designed and synthesized. The new compounds represent 1,3-dipropyl- and 1,3-dibutyl-pyrimido[2,1-f]purinedione-9-ethylphenoxy derivatives including a CH2CONH linker between the (CH2)2-amino group and the phenoxy moiety. A synthetic strategy to obtain the final products was developed involving solvent-free microwave irradiation. The new compounds were evaluated for their adenosine receptor (AR) affinities. The most potent derivatives contained a terminal tertiary amino function. Compounds with nanomolar AR affinities and at the same time high water-solubility were obtained (A1 (Ki = 24-605 nM), A2A (Ki = 242-1250 nM), A2B (Ki = 66-911 nM) and A3 (Ki = 155-1000 nM)). 2-(4-(2-(1,3-Dibutyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4,7,8-hexahydropyrimido[2,1-f]purin-9(6H)-yl)ethyl)phenoxy)-N-(3-(diethylamino)propyl)acetamide (27) and the corresponding N-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)acetamide (36) were found to be the most potent antagonists of the present series. While 27 showed CYP inhibition and moderate metabolic stability, 36 was found to possess suitable properties for in vivo applications. In an attempt to explain the affinity data for the synthesized compounds, molecular modeling and docking studies were performed using homology models of A1 and A2A adenosine receptors. The potent compound 36 was used as an example for discussion of the possible ligand-protein interactions. Moreover, the compounds showed high water-solubility indicating that the approach of introducing a basic side chain was successful for the class of generally poorly soluble AR antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Załuski
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs , Faculty of Pharmacy , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Kraków , Poland . ; ; Tel: +48 12 6205580
| | - Katarzyna Stanuch
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs , Faculty of Pharmacy , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Kraków , Poland . ; ; Tel: +48 12 6205580
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- PharmaCenter Bonn , Pharmaceutical Institute , Pharmaceutical Chemistry I , University of Bonn , An der Immenburg 4 , 53121 Bonn , Germany
| | - Sonja Hinz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs , Faculty of Pharmacy , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Kraków , Poland . ; ; Tel: +48 12 6205580
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs , Faculty of Pharmacy , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Kraków , Poland . ; ; Tel: +48 12 6205580
| | - Ewa Szymańska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs , Faculty of Pharmacy , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Kraków , Poland . ; ; Tel: +48 12 6205580
| | - Jakub Schabikowski
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs , Faculty of Pharmacy , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Kraków , Poland . ; ; Tel: +48 12 6205580
| | - Agata Doroż-Płonka
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs , Faculty of Pharmacy , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Kraków , Poland . ; ; Tel: +48 12 6205580
| | - Jadwiga Handzlik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs , Faculty of Pharmacy , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Kraków , Poland . ; ; Tel: +48 12 6205580
| | - Anna Drabczyńska
- PharmaCenter Bonn , Pharmaceutical Institute , Pharmaceutical Chemistry I , University of Bonn , An der Immenburg 4 , 53121 Bonn , Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs , Faculty of Pharmacy , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Kraków , Poland . ; ; Tel: +48 12 6205580
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs , Faculty of Pharmacy , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Kraków , Poland . ; ; Tel: +48 12 6205580
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15
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Tritium-labeled agonists as tools for studying adenosine A 2B receptors. Purinergic Signal 2018; 14:223-233. [PMID: 29752618 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-018-9608-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A selective agonist radioligand for A2B adenosine receptors (A2BARs) is currently not available. Such a tool would be useful for labeling the active conformation of the receptors. Therefore, we prepared BAY 60-6583, a potent and functionally selective A2BAR (partial) agonist, in a tritium-labeled form. Despite extensive efforts, however, we have not been able to establish a radioligand binding assay using [3H]BAY 60-6583. This is probably due to its high non-specific binding and its moderate affinity, which had previously been overestimated based on functional data. As an alternative, we evaluated the non-selective A2BAR agonist [3H]NECA for its potential to label A2BARs. [3H]NECA showed specific, saturable, and reversible binding to membrane preparations of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) or human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells stably expressing human, rat, or mouse A2BARs. In competition binding experiments, the AR agonists 2-chloroadenosine (CADO) and NECA displayed significantly higher affinity when tested versus [3H]NECA than versus the A2B-antagonist radioligand [3H]PSB-603 while structurally diverse AR antagonists showed the opposite effects. Although BAY 60-6583 is an A2BAR agonist, it displayed higher affinity versus [3H]PSB-603 than versus [3H]NECA. These results indicate that nucleoside and non-nucleoside agonists are binding to very different conformations of the A2BAR. In conclusion, [3H]NECA is currently the only useful radioligand for determining the affinity of ligands for an active A2BAR conformation.
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16
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Köse M, Schiedel AC, Bauer AA, Poschenrieder H, Burbiel JC, Akkinepally RR, Stachel HD, Müller CE. Focused screening to identify new adenosine kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:5127-5133. [PMID: 27595538 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine kinase (AdK) is a key player in controlling intra- and extracellular concentrations of the signaling molecule adenosine. Extensive evidence points to an important role of AdK in several diseases, and suggests that AdK inhibition might be a promising therapeutic strategy. The development of a new AdK assay and subsequent screening of part of our focused compound library led to the identification of 12 hit compounds (hit rate of 6%) representing six new classes of non-nucleoside human AdK inhibitors. The most potent inhibitor 1 displayed a Ki value of 184nM. Compound screening with a newly developed assay was useful and efficient for discovering novel AdK inhibitors which may serve as lead structures for developing drugs for adenosine augmentation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Köse
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Anke C Schiedel
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Andreas Bauer
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Hermann Poschenrieder
- Department Pharmazie, Zentrum für Pharmaforschung, Universität München, Butenandtstr. 7, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - Joachim C Burbiel
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Raghuram Rao Akkinepally
- University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, A.P. 506009, India
| | - Hans-Dietrich Stachel
- Department Pharmazie, Zentrum für Pharmaforschung, Universität München, Butenandtstr. 7, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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17
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Burbiel JC, Ghattas W, Küppers P, Köse M, Lacher S, Herzner AM, Kombu RS, Akkinepally RR, Hockemeyer J, Müller CE. 2-Amino[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]quinazolines and Derived Novel Heterocycles: Syntheses and Structure-Activity Relationships of Potent Adenosine Receptor Antagonists. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:2272-2286. [PMID: 27531666 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
2-Amino[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]quinazolines were identified as potent adenosine receptor (AR) antagonists. Synthetic strategies were devised to gain access to a broad range of derivatives including novel polyheterocyclic compounds. Potent and selective A3 AR antagonists were discovered, including 3,5-diphenyl[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-c]quinazoline (17, Ki human A3 AR 1.16 nm) and 5'-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3'H-spiro[indole-3,2'-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]quinazolin]-2-one (20, Ki human A3 AR 6.94 nm). In addition, multitarget antagonists were obtained, such as the dual A1 /A3 antagonist 2,5-diphenyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]quinazoline (13 b, Ki human A1 AR 51.6 nm, human A3 AR 11.1 nm), and the balanced pan-AR antagonists 5-(2-thienyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]quinazolin-2-amine (11 c, Ki human A1 AR 131 nm, A2A AR 32.7 nm, A2B AR 150 nm, A3 AR 47.5 nm) and 9-bromo-5-phenyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]quinazolin-2-amine (11 q, Ki human A1 AR 67.7 nm, A2A AR 13.6 nm, A2B AR 75.0 nm, A3 AR 703 nm). In many cases, significantly different affinities for human and rat receptors were observed, which emphasizes the need for caution in extrapolating conclusions between different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim C Burbiel
- Pharmazeutische Chemie I, Universität Bonn, Pharma-Zentrum Bonn, Pharmazeutisches Institut, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wadih Ghattas
- Pharmazeutische Chemie I, Universität Bonn, Pharma-Zentrum Bonn, Pharmazeutisches Institut, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Petra Küppers
- Pharmazeutische Chemie I, Universität Bonn, Pharma-Zentrum Bonn, Pharmazeutisches Institut, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Meryem Köse
- Pharmazeutische Chemie I, Universität Bonn, Pharma-Zentrum Bonn, Pharmazeutisches Institut, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Svenja Lacher
- Pharmazeutische Chemie I, Universität Bonn, Pharma-Zentrum Bonn, Pharmazeutisches Institut, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Herzner
- Pharmazeutische Chemie I, Universität Bonn, Pharma-Zentrum Bonn, Pharmazeutisches Institut, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rajan Subramanian Kombu
- University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, 506 009, Warangal, India
| | - Raghuram Rao Akkinepally
- Pharmazeutische Chemie I, Universität Bonn, Pharma-Zentrum Bonn, Pharmazeutisches Institut, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany.,University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, 506 009, Warangal, India
| | - Jörg Hockemeyer
- Pharmazeutische Chemie I, Universität Bonn, Pharma-Zentrum Bonn, Pharmazeutisches Institut, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- Pharmazeutische Chemie I, Universität Bonn, Pharma-Zentrum Bonn, Pharmazeutisches Institut, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany.
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18
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Guo D, Heitman LH, IJzerman AP. Kinetic Aspects of the Interaction between Ligand and G Protein-Coupled Receptor: The Case of the Adenosine Receptors. Chem Rev 2016; 117:38-66. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Guo
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry,
Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Laura H. Heitman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry,
Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan P. IJzerman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry,
Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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19
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Xia L, de Vries H, IJzerman AP, Heitman LH. Scintillation proximity assay (SPA) as a new approach to determine a ligand's kinetic profile. A case in point for the adenosine A1 receptor. Purinergic Signal 2015; 12:115-26. [PMID: 26647040 PMCID: PMC4749533 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-015-9485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Scintillation proximity assay (SPA) is a radio-isotopic technology format used to measure a wide range of biological interactions, including drug-target binding affinity studies. The assay is homogeneous in nature, as it relies on a “mix and measure” format. It does not involve a filtration step to separate bound from free ligand as is the case in a traditional receptor-binding assay. For G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), it has been shown that optimal binding kinetics, next to a high affinity of a ligand, can result in more desirable pharmacological profiles. However, traditional techniques to assess kinetic parameters tend to be cumbersome and laborious. We thus aimed to evaluate whether SPA can be an alternative platform for real-time receptor-binding kinetic measurements on GPCRs. To do so, we first validated the SPA technology for equilibrium binding studies on a prototypic class A GPCR, the human adenosine A1 receptor (hA1R). Differently to classic kinetic studies, the SPA technology allowed us to study binding kinetic processes almost real time, which is impossible in the filtration assay. To demonstrate the reliability of this technology for kinetic purposes, we performed the so-called competition association experiments. The association and dissociation rate constants (kon and koff) of unlabeled hA1R ligands were reliably and quickly determined and agreed very well with the same parameters from a traditional filtration assay performed simultaneously. In conclusion, SPA is a very promising technique to determine the kinetic profile of the drug-target interaction. Its robustness and potential for high-throughput may render this technology a preferred choice for further kinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizi Xia
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Henk de Vries
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ad P IJzerman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Laura H Heitman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
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20
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Alnouri MW, Jepards S, Casari A, Schiedel AC, Hinz S, Müller CE. Selectivity is species-dependent: Characterization of standard agonists and antagonists at human, rat, and mouse adenosine receptors. Purinergic Signal 2015; 11:389-407. [PMID: 26126429 PMCID: PMC4529847 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-015-9460-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine receptors (ARs) have emerged as new drug targets. The majority of data on affinity/potency and selectivity of AR ligands described in the literature has been obtained for the human species. However, preclinical studies are mostly performed in mouse or rat, and standard AR agonists and antagonists are frequently used for studies in rodents without knowing their selectivity in the investigated species. In the present study, we selected a set of frequently used standard AR ligands, 8 agonists and 16 antagonists, and investigated them in radioligand binding studies at all four AR subtypes, A1, A2A, A2B, and A3, of three species, human, rat, and mouse. Recommended, selective agonists include CCPA (for A1AR of rat and mouse), CGS-21680 (for A2A AR of rat), and Cl-IB-MECA (for A3AR of all three species). The functionally selective partial A2B agonist BAY60-6583 was found to additionally bind to A1 and A3AR and act as an antagonist at both receptor subtypes. The antagonists PSB-36 (A1), preladenant (A2A), and PSB-603 (A2B) displayed high selectivity in all three investigated species. MRS-1523 acts as a selective A3AR antagonist in human and rat, but is only moderately selective in mouse. The comprehensive data presented herein provide a solid basis for selecting suitable AR ligands for biological studies.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists/metabolism
- Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists/metabolism
- Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
- Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists/metabolism
- Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists/metabolism
- Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
- Adenosine A3 Receptor Agonists/metabolism
- Adenosine A3 Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Adenosine A3 Receptor Antagonists/metabolism
- Adenosine A3 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
- Animals
- Arrestin/metabolism
- Binding, Competitive/drug effects
- CHO Cells
- Cell Membrane/drug effects
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Cricetinae
- Cricetulus
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- DNA, Complementary/drug effects
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Humans
- Mice
- Rats
- Receptor, Adenosine A2A/drug effects
- Receptor, Adenosine A2A/genetics
- Receptor, Adenosine A2A/metabolism
- Receptor, Adenosine A2B/drug effects
- Receptor, Adenosine A2B/genetics
- Receptor, Adenosine A2B/metabolism
- Receptors, Purinergic P1/drug effects
- Receptors, Purinergic P1/genetics
- Receptors, Purinergic P1/metabolism
- Species Specificity
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Wessam Alnouri
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stephan Jepards
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alessandro Casari
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anke C. Schiedel
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sonja Hinz
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E. Müller
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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21
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Dal Ben D, Buccioni M, Lambertucci C, Kachler S, Falgner N, Marucci G, Thomas A, Cristalli G, Volpini R, Klotz KN. Different efficacy of adenosine and NECA derivatives at the human A3 adenosine receptor: insight into the receptor activation switch. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 87:321-31. [PMID: 24161786 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A3 Adenosine receptors are promising drug targets for a number of diseases and intense efforts are dedicated to develop selective agonists and antagonists of these receptors. A series of adenosine derivatives with 2-(ar)-alkynyl chains, with high affinity and different degrees of selectivity for human A3 adenosine receptors was tested for the ability to inhibit forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase. All these derivatives are partial agonists at A3 adenosine receptors; their efficacy is not significantly modified by the introduction of small alkyl substituents in the N(6)-position. In contrast, the adenosine-5'-N-ethyluronamide (NECA) analogs of 2-(ar)-alkynyladenosine derivatives are full A3 agonists. Molecular modeling analyses were performed considering both the conformational behavior of the ligands and the impact of 2- and 5'-substituents on ligand-target interaction. The results suggest an explanation for the different agonistic behavior of adenosine and NECA derivatives, respectively. A sub-pocket of the binding site was analyzed as a crucial interaction domain for receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Sonja Kachler
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Versbacher Str. 9, D-97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nico Falgner
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Versbacher Str. 9, D-97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Ajiroghene Thomas
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Gloria Cristalli
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Karl-Norbert Klotz
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Versbacher Str. 9, D-97078, Würzburg, Germany.
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22
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Heisig F, Gollos S, Freudenthal SJ, El-Tayeb A, Iqbal J, Müller CE. Synthesis of BODIPY derivatives substituted with various bioconjugatable linker groups: a construction kit for fluorescent labeling of receptor ligands. J Fluoresc 2013; 24:213-30. [PMID: 24052460 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-013-1289-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to design small, functionalized green-emitting BODIPY dyes, which can readily be coupled to target molecules such as receptor ligands, or even be integrated into their pharmacophores. A simple two-step one-pot procedure starting from 2,4-dimethylpyrrole and ω-bromoalkylcarboxylic acid chlorides was used to obtain new ω-bromoalkyl-substituted BODIPY fluorophores (1a-1f) connected via alkyl spacers of different length to the 8-position of the fluorescent dye. The addition of radical inhibitors reduced the amount of side products. The ω-bromoalkyl-substituted BODIPYs were further converted to introduce various functional groups: iodo-substituted dyes were obtained by Finkelstein reaction in excellent yields; microwave-assisted reaction with methanolic ammonia led to fast and clean conversion to the amino-substituted dyes; a hydroxyl-substituted derivative was prepared by reaction with sodium ethylate, and thiol-substituted BODIPYs were obtained by reaction of 1a-1f with potassium thioacetate followed by alkaline cleavage of the thioesters. Water-soluble derivatives were prepared by introducing sulfonate groups into the 2- and 6-position of the BODIPY core. The synthesized BODIPY derivatives showed high fluorescent yields and appeared to be stable under basic, reducing and oxidative conditions. As a proof of concept, 2-thioadenosine was alkylated with bromoethyl-BODIPY 1b. The resulting fluorescent 2-substituted adenosine derivative 15 displayed selectivity for the A3 adenosine receptor (ARs) over the other AR subtypes, showed agonistic activity, and may thus become a useful tool for studying A3ARs, or a lead structure for further optimization. The new functionalized dyes may be widely used for fluorescent labeling allowing the investigation of biological targets and processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Heisig
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University Bonn, 53121, Bonn, Germany
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23
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Drabczyńska A, Karcz T, Szymańska E, Köse M, Müller CE, Paskaleva M, Karolak-Wojciechowska J, Handzlik J, Yuzlenko O, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Synthesis, biological activity and molecular modelling studies of tricyclic alkylimidazo-, pyrimido- and diazepinopurinediones. Purinergic Signal 2013; 9:395-414. [PMID: 23543220 PMCID: PMC3757144 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-013-9358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Syntheses and biological activities of imidazo-, pyrimido- and diazepino[2,1-f]purinediones containing N-alkyl substituents (with straight, branched or unsaturated chains) are described. Tricyclic derivatives were synthesized by the cyclization of 8-bromo-substituted 7-(2-bromoethyl)-, 7-(3-chloropropyl)- or 7-(4-bromobutyl)-theophylline with primary amines under various conditions. Compound 22 with an ethenyl substituent was synthesized by dehydrohalogenation of 9-(2-bromoethyl)-1,3-dimethyltetrahydropyrimido[2,1-f]purinedione. The obtained derivatives (5-35) were initially evaluated for their affinity at rat A1 and A2A adenosine receptors (AR), showing moderate affinity for both adenosine receptor subtypes. The best ligands were diazepinopurinedione 28 (K i = 0.28 μM) with fivefold A2A selectivity and the non-selective A1/A2A AR ligand pyrimidopurinedione 35 (K i A1 = 0.28 μM and K i A2A = 0.30 μM). The compounds were also evaluated for their affinity at human A1, A2A, A2B and A3 ARs. All of the obtained compounds were docked to the A2A AR X-ray structure in complex with the xanthine-based, potent adenosine receptor antagonist-XAC. The likely interactions of imidazo-, pyrimido- and diazepino[2,1-f]purinediones with the residues forming the A2A binding pocket were discussed. Furthermore, the new compounds were tested in vivo as anticonvulsants in maximal electroshock, subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (ScMet) and TOX tests in mice (i.p.). Pyrimidopurinediones showed anticonvulsant activity mainly in the ScMet test. The best derivative was compound 11, showing 100 % protection at a dose of 100 mg/kg without symptoms of neurotoxicity. Compounds 6, 7, 8 and 14 with short substituents showed neurotoxicity and caused death. In rat tests (p.o.), 9 was characterized by a high protection index (>13.3). AR affinity did not apparently correlate with the antiepileptic potency of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Drabczyńska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Szymańska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Meryem Köse
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E. Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Minka Paskaleva
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Jadwiga Handzlik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Olga Yuzlenko
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
- Present Address: Department of Chemistry, City College of New York, City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031 USA
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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24
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Banda V, Chandrasekaran B, Köse M, Vielmuth C, Müller CE, Chavva K, Gautham SK, Pillalamarri S, Mylavaram R, Akkinepally R, Pamulaparthy S, Banda N. Synthesis of Novel Pyrido[3,2-e][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine Derivatives: Potent and Selective Adenosine A3Receptor Antagonists. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2013; 346:699-707. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201300003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veeraswamy Banda
- Fluoroorganic Division; Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Tarnaka, Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Balakumar Chandrasekaran
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and UGC Centre of Advanced Study in Pharmaceutical Sciences (UGC-CAS); Panjab University; Chandigarh Punjab India
| | - Meryem Köse
- PharmaCenter Bonn; University of Bonn; Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; Bonn Germany
| | - Christin Vielmuth
- PharmaCenter Bonn; University of Bonn; Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; Bonn Germany
| | - Christa E. Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn; University of Bonn; Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; Bonn Germany
| | - Kurumurthy Chavva
- Fluoroorganic Division; Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Tarnaka, Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Santhosh Kumar Gautham
- Fluoroorganic Division; Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Tarnaka, Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Sambasivarao Pillalamarri
- Fluoroorganic Division; Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Tarnaka, Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh India
| | | | | | - Shanthanrao Pamulaparthy
- Fluoroorganic Division; Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Tarnaka, Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Narsaiah Banda
- Fluoroorganic Division; Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Tarnaka, Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh India
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25
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Kim JY, Kim M, Ham A, Brown KM, Greene RW, D'Agati VD, Lee HT. IL-11 is required for A1 adenosine receptor-mediated protection against ischemic AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol 2013; 24:1558-70. [PMID: 23813214 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2013010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A1 adenosine receptor activation ameliorates ischemic AKI through the induction of renal proximal tubular sphingosine kinase-1. However, systemic adverse effects may limit A1 adenosine receptor-based therapy for ischemic AKI, indicating a need to identify alternative therapeutic targets within this pathway. Here, we evaluated the function of renal proximal tubular IL-11, a clinically approved hematopoietic cytokine, in A1 adenosine receptor-mediated induction of sphingosine kinase-1 and renal protection. Treatment of human proximal tubule epithelial (HK-2) cells with a selective A1 adenosine receptor agonist, chloro-N(6)-cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA), induced the expression of IL-11 mRNA and protein in an extracellular signal-regulated kinase-dependent manner, and administration of CCPA in mice induced renal synthesis of IL-11. Pretreatment with CCPA protected against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in wild-type mice, but not in IL-11 receptor-deficient mice. Administration of an IL-11-neutralizing antibody abolished the renal protection provided by CCPA. Similarly, CCPA did not induce renal IL-11 expression or protect against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice lacking the renal proximal tubular A1 adenosine receptor. Finally, treatment with CCPA induced sphingosine kinase-1 in HK-2 cells and wild-type mice, but not in IL-11 receptor-deficient or renal proximal tubule A1 adenosine receptor-deficient mice. Taken together, these results suggest that induction of renal proximal tubule IL-11 is a critical intermediary in A1 adenosine receptor-mediated renal protection that warrants investigation as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of ischemic AKI.
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26
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Li M, Kang R, Shi J, Liu G, Zhang J. Anticonvulsant activity of B2, an adenosine analog, on chemical convulsant-induced seizures. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67060. [PMID: 23825618 PMCID: PMC3692431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. However, approximately one-third of epilepsy patients still suffer from uncontrolled seizures. Effective treatments for epilepsy are yet to be developed. N6-(3-methoxyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) adenine riboside (B2) is a N6-substitued adenosine analog. Here we describe an investigation of the effects and mechanisms of B2 on chemical convulsant-induced seizures. Seizures were induced in mice by administration of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), picrotoxin, kainite acid (KA), or strychnine. B2 has a dose-related anticonvulsant effect in these chemical-induced seizure models. The protective effects of B2 include increased latency of seizure onset, decreased seizure occurrence, shorter seizure duration and reduced mortality rate. Radioligand binding and cAMP accumulation assays indicated that B2 might be a functional ligand for both adenosine A1 and A2A receptors. Furthermore, DPCPX, a selective A1 receptor antagonist, but not SCH58261, a selective A2A receptor antagonist, blocked the anticonvulsant effect of B2 on PTZ-induced seizure. c-Fos is a cellular marker for neuronal activity. Immunohistochemical and western blot analyses indicated that B2 significantly reversed PTZ-induced c-Fos expression in the hippocampus. Together, these results indicate that B2 has significant anticonvulsant effects. The anticonvulsant effects of B2 may be attributed to adenosine A1 receptor activation and reduced neuronal excitability in the hippocampus. These observations also support that the use of adenosine receptor agonist may be a promising approach for the treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Beijing Hospital of the Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Ruixia Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gengtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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27
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28
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Stössel A, Schlenk M, Hinz S, Küppers P, Heer J, Gütschow M, Müller CE. Dual targeting of adenosine A(2A) receptors and monoamine oxidase B by 4H-3,1-benzothiazin-4-ones. J Med Chem 2013; 56:4580-96. [PMID: 23631427 DOI: 10.1021/jm400336x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Blockade of A2A adenosine receptors (A2AARs) and inhibition of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) in the brain are considered attractive strategies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, benzothiazinones, e.g., 2-(3-chlorophenoxy)-N-(4-oxo-4H-3,1-benzothiazin-2-yl)acetamide (13), were identified as a novel class of potent MAO-B inhibitors (IC50 human MAO-B: 1.63 nM). Benzothiazinones with large substituents in the 2-position, e.g., methoxycinnamoylamino, phenylbutyrylamino, or chlorobenzylpiperazinylbenzamido residues (14, 17, 27, and 28), showed high affinity and selectivity for A2AARs (Ki human A2AAR: 39.5-69.5 nM). By optimizing benzothiazinones for both targets, the first potent, dual-acting A2AAR/MAO-B inhibitors with a nonxanthine structure were developed. The best derivative was N-(4-oxo-4H-3,1-benzothiazin-2-yl)-4-phenylbutanamide (17, Ki human A2A, 39.5 nM; IC50 human MAO-B, 34.9 nM; selective versus other AR subtypes and MAO-A), which inhibited A2AAR-induced cAMP accumulation and showed competitive, reversible MAO-B inhibition. The new compounds may be useful tools for validating the A2AAR/MAO-B dual target approach in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Stössel
- PharmaCenter Bonn, University of Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, Bonn, Germany
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29
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Synthesis and structure–activity relationships of 2-hydrazinyladenosine derivatives as A2A adenosine receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:436-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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30
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Kolb P, Phan K, Gao ZG, Marko AC, Sali A, Jacobson KA. Limits of ligand selectivity from docking to models: in silico screening for A(1) adenosine receptor antagonists. PLoS One 2012. [PMID: 23185482 PMCID: PMC3503826 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are attractive targets for pharmaceutical research. With the recent determination of several GPCR X-ray structures, the applicability of structure-based computational methods for ligand identification, such as docking, has increased. Yet, as only about 1% of GPCRs have a known structure, receptor homology modeling remains necessary. In order to investigate the usability of homology models and the inherent selectivity of a particular model in relation to close homologs, we constructed multiple homology models for the A(1) adenosine receptor (A(1)AR) and docked ∼2.2 M lead-like compounds. High-ranking molecules were tested on the A(1)AR as well as the close homologs A(2A)AR and A(3)AR. While the screen yielded numerous potent and novel ligands (hit rate 21% and highest affinity of 400 nM), it delivered few selective compounds. Moreover, most compounds appeared in the top ranks of only one model. These findings have implications for future screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kolb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (PK); (KAJ)
| | - Khai Phan
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Adam C. Marko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Andrej Sali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (PK); (KAJ)
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Zhang Y, Li M, Kang RX, Shi JG, Liu GT, Zhang JJ. NHBA isolated from Gastrodia elata exerts sedative and hypnotic effects in sodium pentobarbital-treated mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2012; 102:450-7. [PMID: 22683621 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2012.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The rhizomes of Gastrodia elata have been used for the treatment of insomnia in oriental countries. N⁶-(4-hydroxybenzyl) adenine riboside (NHBA) was originally isolated from G. elata. For the first time we report a detailed study on the effects and mechanisms of NHBA on its sedative and hypnotic activity. Adenosine, an endogenous sleep factor, regulates sleep-wake cycle via interacting with adenosine A₁/A(2A) receptors. Using radioligand binding studies and cAMP accumulation assays, our results show that NHBA may be a functional ligand for the adenosine A₁ and A(2A) receptors. NHBA significantly decreases spontaneous locomotor activity and potentiates the hypnotic effect of sodium pentobarbital in mice. Sleep architecture analyses reveal that NHBA significantly decreases wakefulness time and increases NREM sleep times. However, NHBA does not affect the amount of REM sleep. Pretreatment with the adenosine A₁ receptor antagonist DPCPX or the A(2A) receptor antagonist SCH 58261 significantly reverses the increase in sleeping time induced by NHBA in sodium pentobarbital treated mice. Immunohistochemical studies show that NHBA increases c-Fos expression in GABAergic neurons of the ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO), which suggests that NHBA activates the sleep center in the anterior hypothalamus. Altogether, these results indicate that NHBA produces significant sedative and hypnotic effects. Such effects might be mediated by the activation of adenosine A₁/A(2A) receptors and stimulation of the sleep center VLPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Gütschow M, Schlenk M, Gäb J, Paskaleva M, Alnouri MW, Scolari S, Iqbal J, Müller CE. Benzothiazinones: A Novel Class of Adenosine Receptor Antagonists Structurally Unrelated to Xanthine and Adenine Derivatives. J Med Chem 2012; 55:3331-41. [DOI: 10.1021/jm300029s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gütschow
- PharmaCenter
Bonn, University of Bonn, Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, Bonn, Germany
| | - Miriam Schlenk
- PharmaCenter
Bonn, University of Bonn, Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jürgen Gäb
- PharmaCenter
Bonn, University of Bonn, Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, Bonn, Germany
| | - Minka Paskaleva
- PharmaCenter
Bonn, University of Bonn, Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mohamad Wessam Alnouri
- PharmaCenter
Bonn, University of Bonn, Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, Bonn, Germany
| | - Silvia Scolari
- PharmaCenter
Bonn, University of Bonn, Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- PharmaCenter
Bonn, University of Bonn, Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E. Müller
- PharmaCenter
Bonn, University of Bonn, Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, Bonn, Germany
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Adenosine A2A receptor contributes to the anti-inflammatory effect of the fixed herbal combination STW 5 (Iberogast®) in rat small intestinal preparations. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2011; 385:411-21. [PMID: 22160002 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-011-0714-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
STW 5 (Iberogast®), an established herbal combination, was effective in randomized, double blind clinical studies in functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome. Since STW 5 was found to influence intestinal motility and has anti-inflammatory properties, this study investigated the expression of adenosine receptors and characterized their role in the control of the anti-inflammatory action of STW 5 and its fresh plant component STW 6 in inflammation-disturbed rat small intestinal preparations. The inflammation was induced by intraluminal instillation of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS, 0.01 M). The effects of coincubation with selective receptor agonists and antagonists, STW 5, STW 6, or combinations of these compounds on acetylcholine (ACh)-evoked contraction of ileum/jejunum preparations were tested. Adenosine receptor mRNA expression was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In untreated preparations, RT-PCR revealed the presence of all adenosine receptor subtypes. Suppressed expression was detected for all subtypes in inflamed tissues, except for A(2B)R mRNA, which was unaffected. STW 5 reversed these effects and enhanced A(2A)R expression above control levels. Radioligand binding assays confirm the affinity of STW 5 to the A(2A)R, and the A(2A)R antagonist was able to prevent the effect of STW 5 on TNBS-induced attenuation of the ACh contraction. Our findings provide evidence that STW 5, but not STW 6 interacts with A(2A)R, which is involved in the anti-inflammatory action of STW 5. STW 6 did not contribute to adenosine A(2A)R-mediated anti-inflammatory effect of STW 5. Other signaling pathways could be involved in the mechanism of action of STW 6.
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El-Tayeb A, Michael S, Abdelrahman A, Behrenswerth A, Gollos S, Nieber K, Müller CE. Development of Polar Adenosine A2A Receptor Agonists for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Synergism with A2B Antagonists. ACS Med Chem Lett 2011; 2:890-5. [PMID: 24900277 DOI: 10.1021/ml200189u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine A2A receptor agonists for the local treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBS) were designed and synthesized. Polar groups were introduced to prevent peroral absorption and subsequent systemic, e.g., hypotensive, side effects. 4-(2-{6-Amino-9-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]-9H-purin-2-ylthio}ethyl)benzenesulfonic acid (7, PSB-0777) was selected for further evaluation in rat ileum/jejunum preparations in ex vivo experiments. Compound 7 significantly improved impaired acetylcholine-induced contractions induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid and showed synergism with an A2B-selective antagonist. Thus, nonabsorbable, locally active A2A agonists, as a monotherapy or in combination with an A2B antagonist, may be an efficient novel treatment for IBS, preventing the severe systemic side effects of known A2A agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali El-Tayeb
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry
I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg
4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Michael
- University of Leipzig, Institute of Pharmacy,
Talstrasse 33, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Aliaa Abdelrahman
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry
I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg
4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Behrenswerth
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry
I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg
4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sabrina Gollos
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry
I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg
4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Karen Nieber
- University of Leipzig, Institute of Pharmacy,
Talstrasse 33, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christa E. Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry
I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg
4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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35
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Choi MJ, Chandra G, Lee HW, Hou X, Choi WJ, Phan K, Jacobson KA, Jeong LS. Regio- and stereoselective synthesis of truncated 3'-aminocarbanucleosides and their binding affinity at the A3 adenosine receptor. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:6955-62. [PMID: 21860878 DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05853c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The stereoselective synthesis of truncated 3'-aminocarbanucleosides 4a-d via a stereo- and regioselective conversion of a diol 9 to bromoacetate 11a and their binding affinity towards the human A(3) adenosine receptor are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mun Ju Choi
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Department of Bioinspired Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea
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36
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Kecskés A, Tosh DK, Wei Q, Gao ZG, Jacobson KA. GPCR ligand dendrimer (GLiDe) conjugates: adenosine receptor interactions of a series of multivalent xanthine antagonists. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 22:1115-27. [PMID: 21539392 DOI: 10.1021/bc1005812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Previously, G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists were tethered from polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers to provide high receptor affinity and selectivity. Here, we prepared GPCR ligand--dendrimer (GLiDe) conjugates from a potent adenosine receptor (AR) antagonist; such agents are of interest for treating Parkinson's disease, asthma, and other conditions. Xanthine amine congener (XAC) was appended with an alkyne group on an extended C8 substituent for coupling by Cu(I)-catalyzed click chemistry to azide-derivatized G4 (fourth-generation) PAMAM dendrimers to form triazoles. These conjugates also contained triazole-linked PEG groups (8 or 22 moieties per 64 terminal positions) for increasing water-solubility and optionally prosthetic groups for spectroscopic characterization and affinity labeling. Human AR binding affinity increased progressively with the degree of xanthine substitution to reach K(i) values in the nanomolar range. The order of affinity of each conjugate was hA(2A)AR > hA(3)AR > hA(1)AR, while the corresponding monomer was ranked hA(2A)AR > hA(1)AR ≥ hA(3)AR. The antagonist activity of the most potent conjugate 14 (34 xanthines per dendrimer) was examined at the G(i)-coupled A(1)AR. Conjugate 14 at 100 nM right-shifted the AR agonist concentration--response curve in a cyclic AMP functional assay in a parallel manner, but at 10 nM (lower than its K(i) value), it significantly suppressed the maximal agonist effect in calcium mobilization. This is the first systematic probing of a potent AR antagonist tethered on a dendrimer and its activity as a function of variable loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Kecskés
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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37
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Shinkre BA, Kumar TS, Gao ZG, Deflorian F, Jacobson KA, Trenkle WC. Synthesis and evaluation of 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine derivatives as A2A receptor-selective antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:5690-4. [PMID: 20801028 PMCID: PMC2946083 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Revised: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 08/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease are serious life-limiting and debilitating movement disorders. Their onset typically occurs from mid-life to late in life, and effective diagnostic techniques for detecting and following the disease course are lacking. Our goal is to develop receptor imaging agents for positron emission tomography (PET) that selectively target the most relevant subtype of adenosine receptors (AR) that are highly expressed in the striatum, that is, the A(2A) AR. To further this goal, we have synthesized and characterized pharmacologically a family of high affinity A(2A) AR ligands, based on the known antagonist, SCH 442416 (R=-Me), which have structural variability on the terminus (R=-Et, -i-Pr, -allyl, and others). A O-fluoroethyl analogue suitable for use as a PET tracer had a K(i) value of 12.4 nM and was highly selective for the A(2A) AR in comparison to the A(1) and A(3) ARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidhan A. Shinkre
- Chemical Biology Unit, Laboratory of Cell Biology & Biochemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - T. Santhosh Kumar
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Francesca Deflorian
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - William C. Trenkle
- Chemical Biology Unit, Laboratory of Cell Biology & Biochemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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38
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Lane JR, Klaasse E, Lin J, van Bruchem J, Beukers MW, Ijzerman AP. Characterization of [3H]LUF5834: A novel non-ribose high-affinity agonist radioligand for the adenosine A1 receptor. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 80:1180-9. [PMID: 20599769 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2010] [Revised: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The adenosine A(1) receptor is a promising therapeutic target for neurological disorders such as cognition deficits and is involved in cardiovascular preconditioning. Classically adenosine receptor agonists were all derivatives of adenosine, and thought to require a D-ribose moiety. More recently, however, the discovery of non-adenosine agonists for the human adenosine A(1) receptor (hA(1)R) has challenged this dogma (Beukers et al., 2004). In this study we characterize the tritiated form of one of these compounds, [(3)H]LUF5834, as the first non-ribose partial agonist radioligand with nanomolar affinity for the hA(1)R. Due to its partial agonist efficacy, [(3)H]LUF5834 labeled both G protein-coupled and uncoupled receptors with a similar high affinity. Using [(3)H]LUF5834 we performed competition binding experiments to characterize a range of A(1)R ligands varying in efficacy from the full agonist CPA to the inverse agonist DPCPX. Surprisingly, in the control condition both agonists and inverse agonists displayed biphasic isotherms. With the addition of 1mM GTP the high affinity isotherm of agonists or the low affinity isotherm of inverse agonists was lost revealing the mechanism of action of such inverse agonists at the A(1)R. Consequently, [(3)H]LUF5834 represents a novel high affinity radioligand for the A(1)R and may prove a useful tool to provide estimates of inverse agonist efficacy at this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Robert Lane
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden/Amsterdam Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Carlsson J, Yoo L, Gao ZG, Irwin JJ, Shoichet BK, Jacobson KA. Structure-based discovery of A2A adenosine receptor ligands. J Med Chem 2010; 53:3748-55. [PMID: 20405927 PMCID: PMC2865168 DOI: 10.1021/jm100240h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
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The recent determination of X-ray structures of pharmacologically relevant GPCRs has made these targets accessible to structure-based ligand discovery. Here we explore whether novel chemotypes may be discovered for the A2A adenosine receptor, based on complementarity to its recently determined structure. The A2A adenosine receptor signals in the periphery and the CNS, with agonists explored as anti-inflammatory drugs and antagonists explored for neurodegenerative diseases. We used molecular docking to screen a 1.4 million compound database against the X-ray structure computationally and tested 20 high-ranking, previously unknown molecules experimentally. Of these 35% showed substantial activity with affinities between 200 nM and 9 μM. For the most potent of these new inhibitors, over 50-fold specificity was observed for the A2A versus the related A1 and A3 subtypes. These high hit rates and affinities at least partly reflect the bias of commercial libraries toward GPCR-like chemotypes, an issue that we attempt to investigate quantitatively. Despite this bias, many of the most potent new ligands were novel, dissimilar from known ligands, providing new lead structures for modulation of this medically important target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Carlsson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, 1700 4th Street, Box 2550, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
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40
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Tosh DK, Yoo LS, Chinn M, Hong K, Kilbey SM, Barrett MO, Fricks IP, Harden TK, Gao ZG, Jacobson KA. Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer conjugates of "clickable" agonists of the A3 adenosine receptor and coactivation of the P2Y14 receptor by a tethered nucleotide. Bioconjug Chem 2010; 21:372-84. [PMID: 20121074 PMCID: PMC2845915 DOI: 10.1021/bc900473v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We previously synthesized a series of potent and selective A(3) adenosine receptor (AR) agonists (North-methanocarba nucleoside 5'-uronamides) containing dialkyne groups on extended adenine C2 substituents. We coupled the distal alkyne of a 2-octadiynyl nucleoside by Cu(I)-catalyzed "click" chemistry to azide-derivatized G4 (fourth-generation) PAMAM dendrimers to form triazoles. A(3)AR activation was preserved in these multivalent conjugates, which bound with apparent K(i) of 0.1-0.3 nM. They were substituted with nucleoside moieties, solely or in combination with water-solubilizing carboxylic acid groups derived from hexynoic acid. A comparison with various amide-linked dendrimers showed that triazole-linked conjugates displayed selectivity and enhanced A(3)AR affinity. We prepared a PAMAM dendrimer containing equiproportioned peripheral azido and amino groups for conjugation of multiple ligands. A bifunctional conjugate activated both A(3) and P2Y(14) receptors (via amide-linked uridine-5'-diphosphoglucuronic acid), with selectivity in comparison to other ARs and P2Y receptors. This is the first example of targeting two different GPCRs with the same dendrimer conjugate, which is intended for activation of heteromeric GPCR aggregates. Synergistic effects of activating multiple GPCRs with a single dendrimer conjugate might be useful in disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip K. Tosh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Lena S. Yoo
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Moshe Chinn
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Kunlun Hong
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - S. Michael Kilbey
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - Matthew O. Barrett
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Ingrid P. Fricks
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - T. Kendall Harden
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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41
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Tosh DK, Chinn M, Yoo LS, Kang DW, Luecke H, Gao ZG, Jacobson KA. 2-Dialkynyl derivatives of (N)-methanocarba nucleosides: 'Clickable' A(3) adenosine receptor-selective agonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:508-17. [PMID: 20036562 PMCID: PMC2818678 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Revised: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 12/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We modified a series of (N)-methanocarba nucleoside 5'-uronamides to contain dialkyne groups on an extended adenine C2 substituent, as synthetic intermediates leading to potent and selective A(3) adenosine receptor (AR) agonists. The proximal alkyne was intended to promote receptor recognition, and the distal alkyne reacted with azides to form triazole derivatives (click cycloaddition). Click chemistry was utilized to couple an octadiynyl A(3)AR agonist to azido-containing fluorescent, chemically reactive, biotinylated, and other moieties with retention of selective binding to the A(3)AR. A bifunctional thiol-reactive crosslinking reagent was introduced. The most potent and selective novel compound was a 1-adamantyl derivative (K(i) 6.5nM), although some of the click products had K(i) values in the range of 200-400nM. Other potent, selective derivatives (K(i) at A(3)AR innM) were intended as possible receptor affinity labels: 3-nitro-4-fluorophenyl (10.6), alpha-bromophenacyl (9.6), thiol-reactive isothiazolone (102), and arylisothiocyanate (37.5) derivatives. The maximal functional effects in inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP were measured, indicating that this class of click adducts varied from partial to full A(3)AR agonist compared to other widely used agonists. Thus, this strategy provides a general chemical approach to linking potent and selective A(3)AR agonists to reporter groups of diverse structure and to carrier moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip K. Tosh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Moshe Chinn
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Lena S. Yoo
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Dong Wook Kang
- Gene Regulation Group, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Hans Luecke
- Gene Regulation Group, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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42
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El-Tayeb A, Iqbal J, Behrenswerth A, Romio M, Schneider M, Zimmermann H, Schrader J, Müller CE. Nucleoside-5'-monophosphates as prodrugs of adenosine A2A receptor agonists activated by ecto-5'-nucleotidase. J Med Chem 2009; 52:7669-77. [PMID: 19580286 DOI: 10.1021/jm900538v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Prodrugs of adenosine A(2A) receptor agonists were developed that are activated by ecto-5'-nucleotidase (ecto-5'-NT, CD73). Because ecto-5'-NT is upregulated in inflamed tissue, the A(2A) agonists are expected to be released from their prodrug form at the sites of inflammation. 2-(Ar)alkyl-substituted AMP derivatives were synthesized and investigated. Certain 2-substituted AMP derivatives, including 2-hexylthio-AMP, 2-cyclopentylthio-AMP, 2-cyclohexylmethylthio-AMP, and 2-cyclohexylethylthio-AMP were accepted as substrates by ecto-5'-NT and readily converted to the corresponding 2-substituted adenosine derivatives. The 2-cyclohexylethylthio substitution was a good compromise between the requirements of the ecto-5'-NT and the adenosine A(2A) receptor. The corresponding AMP derivative (12g) was a similarly good substrate as AMP itself, while the resulting adenosine derivative (11g) was a relatively potent A(2A) agonist (radioligand binding to rat brain striatal membranes: K(i) = 372 nM; inhibition of anti-CD3/anti-CD28-induced IFN-gamma release in mouse CD4+ cells: EC(50) = 50 nM). Compound 11g was released from 12g by incubation with CD4+ cells isolated from wild-type mice but only to a much smaller extent by cells from ecto-5'-NT knockout mice. Compound 12g will be a new lead structure for the development of more potent and selective ecto-5'-NT-activated prodrugs of selective anti-inflammatory A(2A) receptor agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali El-Tayeb
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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Tosh DK, Chinn M, Ivanov AA, Klutz AM, Gao ZG, Jacobson KA. Functionalized congeners of A3 adenosine receptor-selective nucleosides containing a bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane ring system. J Med Chem 2009; 52:7580-92. [PMID: 19499950 PMCID: PMC3109436 DOI: 10.1021/jm900426g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
(N)-Methanocarba nucleosides containing bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane replacement of the ribose ring previously demonstrated selectivity as A(3) adenosine receptor (AR) agonists (5'-uronamides) or antagonists (5'-truncated). Here, these two series were modified in parallel at the adenine C2 position. N(6)-3-Chlorobenzyl-5'-N-methyluronamides derivatives with functionalized 2-alkynyl chains of varying length terminating in a reactive carboxylate, ester, or amine group were full, potent human A(3)AR agonists. Flexibility of chain substitution allowed the conjugation with a fluorescent cyanine dye (Cy5) and biotin, resulting in binding K(i) values of 17 and 36 nM, respectively. The distal end of the chain was predicted by homology modeling to bind at the A(3)AR extracellular regions. Corresponding l-nucleosides were nearly inactive in AR binding. In the 5'-truncated nucleoside series, 2-Cl analogues were more potent at A(3)AR than 2-H and 2-F, functional efficacy in adenylate cyclase inhibition varied, and introduction of a 2-alkynyl chain greatly reduced affinity. SAR parallels between the two series lost stringency at distal positions. The most potent and selective novel compounds were amine congener 15 (K(i) = 2.1 nM) and truncated partial agonist 22 (K(i) = 4.9 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip K. Tosh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Moshe Chinn
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Andrei A. Ivanov
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road, Rollins Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Athena M. Klutz
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Borrmann T, Hinz S, Bertarelli DCG, Li W, Florin NC, Scheiff AB, Müller CE. 1-Alkyl-8-(piperazine-1-sulfonyl)phenylxanthines: Development and Characterization of Adenosine A2B Receptor Antagonists and a New Radioligand with Subnanomolar Affinity and Subtype Specificity. J Med Chem 2009; 52:3994-4006. [DOI: 10.1021/jm900413e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Borrmann
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sonja Hinz
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniela C. G. Bertarelli
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Wenjin Li
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Nicole C. Florin
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja B. Scheiff
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E. Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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Kim Y, de Castro S, Gao ZG, Ijzerman AP, Jacobson KA. Novel 2- and 4-substituted 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine derivatives as allosteric modulators of the A3 adenosine receptor. J Med Chem 2009; 52:2098-108. [PMID: 19284749 PMCID: PMC2765805 DOI: 10.1021/jm801659w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
4-Arylamino and 2- cycloalkyl (including amino substitution) modifications were made in a series of 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine derivatives as allosteric modulators of the human A(3) adenosine receptor (AR). In addition to allosteric modulation of the maximum functional efficacy (in [(35)S]GTPgammaS G protein binding assay) of the A(3)AR agonist Cl-IB-MECA (15), some analogues also weakly inhibited equilibrium radioligand binding at ARs. 4-(3,5-Dichlorophenylamino) (6) or 2-(1-adamantyl) (20) substitution produced allosteric enhancement (twice the maximal agonist efficacy), with minimal inhibition of orthosteric AR binding. 2-(4-Tetrahydropyranyl) substitution abolished allosteric enhancement but preserved inhibition of orthosteric binding. Introduction of nitrogen in the six-membered ring at the 2 position, to improve aqueous solubility and provide a derivatization site, greatly reduced the allosteric enhancement. 2-(4-(Benzoylamino)cyclohexyl) analogues 23 and 24 were weak negative A(3)AR modulators. Thus, consistent with previous findings, the allosteric and orthosteric inhibitory A(3)AR effects in imidazoquinolines are structurally separable, suggesting the possible design of additional derivatives with enhanced positive or negative allosteric A(3)AR activity and improved selectivity in comparison to inhibition of orthosteric binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonkyung Kim
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Franchetti P, Cappellacci L, Vita P, Petrelli R, Lavecchia A, Kachler S, Klotz KN, Marabese I, Luongo L, Maione S, Grifantini M. N6-Cycloalkyl- and N6-Bicycloalkyl-C5′(C2′)-modified Adenosine Derivatives as High-Affinity and Selective Agonists at the Human A1 Adenosine Receptor with Antinociceptive Effects in Mice. J Med Chem 2009; 52:2393-406. [DOI: 10.1021/jm801456g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Palmarisa Franchetti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy, Institut für Pharmakologie and Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany, and Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology L. Donatelli, Second University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Loredana Cappellacci
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy, Institut für Pharmakologie and Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany, and Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology L. Donatelli, Second University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Patrizia Vita
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy, Institut für Pharmakologie and Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany, and Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology L. Donatelli, Second University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Riccardo Petrelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy, Institut für Pharmakologie and Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany, and Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology L. Donatelli, Second University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Lavecchia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy, Institut für Pharmakologie and Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany, and Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology L. Donatelli, Second University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Sonja Kachler
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy, Institut für Pharmakologie and Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany, and Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology L. Donatelli, Second University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Karl-Norbert Klotz
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy, Institut für Pharmakologie and Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany, and Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology L. Donatelli, Second University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Ida Marabese
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy, Institut für Pharmakologie and Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany, and Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology L. Donatelli, Second University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Livio Luongo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy, Institut für Pharmakologie and Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany, and Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology L. Donatelli, Second University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Sabatino Maione
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy, Institut für Pharmakologie and Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany, and Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology L. Donatelli, Second University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Grifantini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy, Institut für Pharmakologie and Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany, and Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology L. Donatelli, Second University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
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Dhalla AK, Chisholm JW, Reaven GM, Belardinelli L. A1 adenosine receptor: role in diabetes and obesity. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2009:271-295. [PMID: 19639285 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-89615-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine mediates its diverse effects via four subtypes (A(1), A(2A), A(2B) and A(3)) of G-protein-coupled receptors. The A(1) adenosine receptor (A(1)AR) subtype is the most extensively studied and is well characterized in various organ systems. The A(1)ARs are highly expressed in adipose tissue, and endogenous adenosine has been shown to tonically activate adipose tissue A(1)ARs. Activation of the A(1)ARs in adipocytes reduces adenylate cyclase and cAMP content and causes inhibition of lipolysis. The role of A(1)ARs in lipolysis has been well characterized by using several selective A(1)AR agonists as well as A(1)AR knockout mice. However, the contribution of A(1)ARs to the regulation of lipolysis in pathological conditions like insulin resistance, diabetes and dyslipidemia, where free fatty acids (FFA) play an important role, has not been well characterized. Pharmacological agents that reduce the release of FFA from adipose tissue and thus the availability of circulating FFA have the potential to be useful for insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia. Toward this goal, several selective and efficacious agonists of the A(1)ARs are now available, and some have entered early-phase clinical trials; however, none have received regulatory approval yet. Here we review the existing knowledge on the role of A(1)ARs in insulin resistance, diabetes and obesity, and the progress made in the development of A(1)AR agonists as antilipolytic agents, including the challenges associated with this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvinder K Dhalla
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, CV Therapeutics Inc., Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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Abstract
The development of potent and selective agonists and antagonists of adenosine receptors (ARs) has been a target of medicinal chemistry research for several decades, and recently the US Food and Drug Administration has approved Lexiscan, an adenosine derivative substituted at the 2 position, for use as a pharmacologic stress agent in radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging. Currently, some other adenosine A(2A) receptor (A(2A)AR) agonists and antagonists are undergoing preclinical testing and clinical trials. While agonists are potent antiinflammatory agents also showing hypotensive effects, antagonists are being developed for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.However, since there are still major problems in this field, including side effects, low brain penetration (for the targeting of CNS diseases), short half-life, or lack of in vivo effects, the design and development of new AR ligands is a hot research topic.This review presents an update on the medicinal chemistry of A(2A)AR agonists and antagonists, and stresses the strong need for more selective ligands at the human A(2A)AR subtype, in particular in the case of agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Cristalli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy.
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Butler TR, Smith KJ, Self RL, Braden BB, Prendergast MA. Sex differences in the neurotoxic effects of adenosine A1 receptor antagonism during ethanol withdrawal: reversal with an A1 receptor agonist or an NMDA receptor antagonist. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2008; 32:1260-70. [PMID: 18482156 PMCID: PMC2662768 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00681.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronal adaptations that occur during chronic ethanol (EtOH) exposure have been observed to sensitize the brain to excitotoxic insult during withdrawal. The adenosine receptor system warrants further examination in this regard, as recent evidence has implicated adenosine receptor involvement in the behavioral effects of both EtOH exposure and withdrawal. METHODS The current studies examined effects of adenosine A(1) receptor manipulation on neuronal injury in EtOH-naive and EtOH-withdrawn male and female rat hippocampal slice cultures. EtOH-naive and EtOH pretreated (43.1 to 26.9 mM from days 5 to 15 DIV) cultures were exposed to the A(1) receptor agonist 2-Chloro-N(6)-cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA; 10 nM), the A(1) receptor antagonist 8-Cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX;10 nM), or the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist D,L,-2-amino-5-phosphovalerate (APV; 20 microM) at 15 days in vitro (DIV). Cytotoxicity was measured in the primary neuronal layers of the dentate gyrus, CA3 and CA1 hippocampal regions by quantification of propidium iodide (PI) fluorescence after 24 hours. Immunohistochemical analysis of A(1) receptor abundance was conducted in EtOH-naive and EtOH pretreated slice cultures at 15 DIV. RESULTS Twenty-four hour exposure to DPCPX in EtOH-naive slice cultures did not produced neurotoxicity in any region of slice cultures. Though withdrawal from 10 day EtOH exposure produced no toxicity in either male or female slice cultures, exposure to DPCPX during 24 hours of EtOH withdrawal produced a marked increase in PI uptake in all hippocampal culture subregions in female cultures (to approximately 160% of control values). A significant effect for sex was observed in the CA1 region such that toxicity in females cultures exposed to the A(1) antagonist during withdrawal was greater than that observed in male cultures. These effects of DPCPX in EtOH withdrawn female and male slices were prevented by co-exposure to either the A(1) agonist CCPA or the NMDA receptor antagonist APV for 24 hours. No differences in the abundance of A(1) receptors were observed in male and female EtOH-naive or EtOH pretreated cultures. CONCLUSIONS The current findings suggest that the female hippocampus possesses an innate sensitivity to effects of EtOH exposure and withdrawal on neuronal excitability that is independent of hormonal influences. Further, this sex difference is not related to effects of EtOH exposure on A(1) receptor abundance, but likely reflects increased NMDA receptor-mediated signaling downstream of A(1) inhibition in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy R Butler
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0509, USA
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Listos J, Talarek S, Fidecka S. Adenosine receptor agonists attenuate the development of diazepam withdrawal-induced sensitization in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2008; 588:72-7. [PMID: 18466897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2007] [Revised: 03/19/2008] [Accepted: 04/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of adenosine agonists on the development of sensitization to withdrawal signs precipitated after sporadic treatment with diazepam, in mice, were investigated. To obtain the sensitization, the animals were divided into groups: continuously and sporadically treated with diazepam (15.0 mg/kg, s.c.). The adenosine receptor agonists (CPA, CGS 21,680 and NECA) were administered in sporadically diazepam treated mice during two diazepam-free periods. Concomitant administration of pentetrazole (55.0 mg/kg, s.c.) with flumazenil (5.0 mg/kg, i.p.) after the last injection of diazepam or vehicle, induced the withdrawal signs, such as clonic seizures, tonic convulsion and death episodes. The major finding of our experiments is attenuation of withdrawal signs in sensitized mice, inducing by all adenosine agonists. Only higher dose of CPA produced significantly decreased the number of withdrawal incidents, while both used doses of CGS 21,680 and NECA produced more clear effects. These results support the hypothesis that adenosinergic system is involved in the mechanisms of sensitization to the benzodiazepine withdrawal signs, and adenosine A(2A) receptors play more important role in that process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Listos
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 4, 20-081 Lublin, Poland.
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