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Arnold M, Do P, Davidson SM, Large SR, Helmer A, Beer G, Siepe M, Longnus SL. Metabolic Considerations in Direct Procurement and Perfusion Protocols with DCD Heart Transplantation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4153. [PMID: 38673737 PMCID: PMC11050041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart transplantation with donation after circulatory death (DCD) provides excellent patient outcomes and increases donor heart availability. However, unlike conventional grafts obtained through donation after brain death, DCD cardiac grafts are not only exposed to warm, unprotected ischemia, but also to a potentially damaging pre-ischemic phase after withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy (WLST). In this review, we aim to bring together knowledge about changes in cardiac energy metabolism and its regulation that occur in DCD donors during WLST, circulatory arrest, and following the onset of warm ischemia. Acute metabolic, hemodynamic, and biochemical changes in the DCD donor expose hearts to high circulating catecholamines, hypoxia, and warm ischemia, all of which can negatively impact the heart. Further metabolic changes and cellular damage occur with reperfusion. The altered energy substrate availability prior to organ procurement likely plays an important role in graft quality and post-ischemic cardiac recovery. These aspects should, therefore, be considered in clinical protocols, as well as in pre-clinical DCD models. Notably, interventions prior to graft procurement are limited for ethical reasons in DCD donors; thus, it is important to understand these mechanisms to optimize conditions during initial reperfusion in concert with graft evaluation and re-evaluation for the purpose of tailoring and adjusting therapies and ensuring optimal graft quality for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Arnold
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter Do
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sean M. Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Stephen R. Large
- Royal Papworth Hospital, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0AY, UK
| | - Anja Helmer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Georgia Beer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Siepe
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sarah L. Longnus
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
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2
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Peper J, Kownatzki-Danger D, Weninger G, Seibertz F, Pronto JRD, Sutanto H, Pacheu-Grau D, Hindmarsh R, Brandenburg S, Kohl T, Hasenfuss G, Gotthardt M, Rog-Zielinska EA, Wollnik B, Rehling P, Urlaub H, Wegener J, Heijman J, Voigt N, Cyganek L, Lenz C, Lehnart SE. Caveolin3 Stabilizes McT1-Mediated Lactate/Proton Transport in Cardiomyocytes. Circ Res 2021; 128:e102-e120. [PMID: 33486968 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.316547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Peper
- Cellular Biophysics and Translational Cardiology Section, Heart Research Center Göttingen (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,Cardiology & Pneumology (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., R.H., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., L.C., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Daniel Kownatzki-Danger
- Cellular Biophysics and Translational Cardiology Section, Heart Research Center Göttingen (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,Cardiology & Pneumology (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., R.H., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., L.C., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Gunnar Weninger
- Cellular Biophysics and Translational Cardiology Section, Heart Research Center Göttingen (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,Cardiology & Pneumology (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., R.H., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., L.C., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Fitzwilliam Seibertz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (F.S., J.R.D.P., N.V.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen (F.S., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., N.V., L.C., S.E.L.)
| | - Julius Ryan D Pronto
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (F.S., J.R.D.P., N.V.), University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Henry Sutanto
- Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University (H.S., J.H.)
| | - David Pacheu-Grau
- Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University (D.P.G., P.R.)
| | - Robin Hindmarsh
- Cardiology & Pneumology (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., R.H., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., L.C., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Sören Brandenburg
- Cellular Biophysics and Translational Cardiology Section, Heart Research Center Göttingen (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,Cardiology & Pneumology (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., R.H., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., L.C., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen (F.S., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., N.V., L.C., S.E.L.)
| | - Tobias Kohl
- Cellular Biophysics and Translational Cardiology Section, Heart Research Center Göttingen (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,Cardiology & Pneumology (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., R.H., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., L.C., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen (F.S., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., N.V., L.C., S.E.L.)
| | - Gerd Hasenfuss
- Cellular Biophysics and Translational Cardiology Section, Heart Research Center Göttingen (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,Cardiology & Pneumology (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., R.H., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., L.C., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen (F.S., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., N.V., L.C., S.E.L.).,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen (G.H., B.W., P.R., N.V., S.E.L.)
| | - Michael Gotthardt
- Neuromuscular and Cardiovascular Cell Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin (M.G.).,Cardiology, Virchow Klinikum, Charité-University Medicine, Berlin (M.G.).,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin (M.G.)
| | - Eva A Rog-Zielinska
- University Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg (E.A.R.-Z.)
| | - Bernd Wollnik
- Institute of Human Genetics (B.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen (G.H., B.W., P.R., N.V., S.E.L.)
| | - Peter Rehling
- Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University (D.P.G., P.R.).,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen (G.H., B.W., P.R., N.V., S.E.L.)
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Bioanalytics, Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.U., C.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen (H.U., C.L.)
| | - Jörg Wegener
- Cellular Biophysics and Translational Cardiology Section, Heart Research Center Göttingen (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,Cardiology & Pneumology (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., R.H., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., L.C., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen (F.S., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., N.V., L.C., S.E.L.)
| | - Jordi Heijman
- Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University (H.S., J.H.)
| | - Niels Voigt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (F.S., J.R.D.P., N.V.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen (F.S., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., N.V., L.C., S.E.L.).,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen (G.H., B.W., P.R., N.V., S.E.L.)
| | - Lukas Cyganek
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen (F.S., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., N.V., L.C., S.E.L.)
| | - Christof Lenz
- Bioanalytics, Institute of Clinical Chemistry (H.U., C.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen (H.U., C.L.)
| | - Stephan E Lehnart
- Cellular Biophysics and Translational Cardiology Section, Heart Research Center Göttingen (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,Cardiology & Pneumology (J.P., D.K.-D., G.W., R.H., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., L.C., S.E.L.), University Medical Center Göttingen.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen (F.S., S.B., T.K., G.H., J.W., N.V., L.C., S.E.L.).,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen (G.H., B.W., P.R., N.V., S.E.L.).,BioMET, Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (S.E.L.)
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3
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Zuurbier CJ, Bertrand L, Beauloye CR, Andreadou I, Ruiz-Meana M, Jespersen NR, Kula-Alwar D, Prag HA, Eric Botker H, Dambrova M, Montessuit C, Kaambre T, Liepinsh E, Brookes PS, Krieg T. Cardiac metabolism as a driver and therapeutic target of myocardial infarction. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:5937-5954. [PMID: 32384583 PMCID: PMC7294140 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reducing infarct size during a cardiac ischaemic‐reperfusion episode is still of paramount importance, because the extension of myocardial necrosis is an important risk factor for developing heart failure. Cardiac ischaemia‐reperfusion injury (IRI) is in principle a metabolic pathology as it is caused by abruptly halted metabolism during the ischaemic episode and exacerbated by sudden restart of specific metabolic pathways at reperfusion. It should therefore not come as a surprise that therapy directed at metabolic pathways can modulate IRI. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of important metabolic pathways as therapeutic targets to combat cardiac IRI. Activating metabolic pathways such as glycolysis (eg AMPK activators), glucose oxidation (activating pyruvate dehydrogenase complex), ketone oxidation (increasing ketone plasma levels), hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (O‐GlcNAcylation; administration of glucosamine/glutamine) and deacetylation (activating sirtuins 1 or 3; administration of NAD+‐boosting compounds) all seem to hold promise to reduce acute IRI. In contrast, some metabolic pathways may offer protection through diminished activity. These pathways comprise the malate‐aspartate shuttle (in need of novel specific reversible inhibitors), mitochondrial oxygen consumption, fatty acid oxidation (CD36 inhibitors, malonyl‐CoA decarboxylase inhibitors) and mitochondrial succinate metabolism (malonate). Additionally, protecting the cristae structure of the mitochondria during IR, by maintaining the association of hexokinase II or creatine kinase with mitochondria, or inhibiting destabilization of FOF1‐ATPase dimers, prevents mitochondrial damage and thereby reduces cardiac IRI. Currently, the most promising and druggable metabolic therapy against cardiac IRI seems to be the singular or combined targeting of glycolysis, O‐GlcNAcylation and metabolism of ketones, fatty acids and succinate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coert J Zuurbier
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christoph R Beauloye
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marisol Ruiz-Meana
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), CIBER-CV, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Hiran A Prag
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hans Eric Botker
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Maija Dambrova
- Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
| | - Christophe Montessuit
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tuuli Kaambre
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Edgars Liepinsh
- Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
| | - Paul S Brookes
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Krieg
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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4
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Nederlof R, Denis S, Lauzier B, Rosiers CD, Laakso M, Hagen J, Argmann C, Wanders R, Houtkooper RH, Hollmann MW, Houten SM, Zuurbier CJ. Acute detachment of hexokinase II from mitochondria modestly increases oxygen consumption of the intact mouse heart. Metabolism 2017. [PMID: 28641785 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiac hexokinase II (HKII) can translocate between cytosol and mitochondria and change its cellular expression with pathologies such as ischemia-reperfusion, diabetes and heart failure. The cardiac metabolic consequences of these changes are unknown. Here we measured energy substrate utilization in cytosol and mitochondria using stabile isotopes and oxygen consumption of the intact perfused heart for 1) an acute decrease in mitochondrial HKII (mtHKII), and 2) a chronic decrease in total cellular HKII. METHODS/RESULTS We first examined effects of 200nM TAT (Trans-Activator of Transcription)-HKII peptide treatment, which was previously shown to acutely decrease mtHKII by ~30%. In Langendorff-perfused hearts TAT-HKII resulted in a modest, but significant, increased oxygen consumption, while cardiac performance was unchanged. At the metabolic level, there was a nonsignificant (p=0.076) ~40% decrease in glucose contribution to pyruvate and lactate formation through glycolysis and to mitochondrial citrate synthase flux (6.6±1.1 vs. 11.2±2.2%), and an 35% increase in tissue pyruvate (27±2 vs. 20±2pmol/mg; p=0.033). Secondly, we compared WT and HKII+/- hearts (50% chronic decrease in total HKII). RNA sequencing revealed no differential gene expression between WT and HKII+/- hearts indicating an absence of metabolic reprogramming at the transcriptional level. Langendorff-perfused hearts showed no significant differences in glycolysis (0.34±0.03μmol/min), glucose contribution to citrate synthase flux (35±2.3%), palmitate contribution to citrate synthase flux (20±1.1%), oxygen consumption or mechanical performance between WT and HKII+/- hearts. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that acute albeit not chronic changes in mitochondrial HKII modestly affect cardiac oxygen consumption and energy substrate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rianne Nederlof
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Denis
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Lauzier
- l'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center and Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Finland
| | - Jacob Hagen
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Carmen Argmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Ronald Wanders
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Markus W Hollmann
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sander M Houten
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Coert J Zuurbier
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
The heart is a biological pump that converts chemical to mechanical energy. This process of energy conversion is highly regulated to the extent that energy substrate metabolism matches energy use for contraction on a beat-to-beat basis. The biochemistry of cardiac metabolism includes the biochemistry of energy transfer, metabolic regulation, and transcriptional, translational as well as posttranslational control of enzymatic activities. Pathways of energy substrate metabolism in the heart are complex and dynamic, but all of them conform to the First Law of Thermodynamics. The perspectives expand on the overall idea that cardiac metabolism is inextricably linked to both physiology and molecular biology of the heart. The article ends with an outlook on emerging concepts of cardiac metabolism based on new molecular models and new analytical tools. © 2016 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 6:1675-1699, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinrich Taegtmeyer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Truong Lam
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Giovanni Davogustto
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
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6
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Nitric oxide-mediated relaxation to lactate of coronary circulation in the isolated perfused rat heart. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2012; 58:392-8. [PMID: 21697724 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e318226bcf7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of lactate on coronary circulation. Rat hearts were perfused in a Langendorff preparation, and the coronary response to lactate (3-30 mM) was recorded after precontracting coronary vasculature with 11-dideoxy-1a,9a-epoxymethanoprostaglandin F2α (U46619), in the presence or the absence of the inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis, N-omega-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME, 10 M), the blocker of Ca-dependent potassium channels, tetraethylammonium (TEA, 10 M), or the blocker of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels, glybenclamide (10 M). The effects of lactate were also studied in isolated segments of rat coronary arteries that were precontracted with U46619, with or without endothelium. In perfused hearts, lactate induced concentration-dependent coronary vasodilatation and a reduction in myocardial contractility (left ventricular developed pressure and dP/dt) without altering the heart rate. Coronary vasodilatation in response to lactate was reduced by l-NAME but unaffected by TEA or glybenclamide. The effects of lactate on myocardial contractility were unchanged by l-NAME, TEA, or glybenclamide. In isolated coronary artery segments, lactate also produced relaxation, an effect attenuated by removing the endothelium. Together these findings suggest that lactate exerts coronary vasodilatory effects through the release of endothelial nitric oxide, independently of potassium channels. These findings may be relevant for the regulation of coronary circulation when lactate levels are elevated.
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7
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Govindarajan G, Hayden MR, Cooper SA, Figueroa SD, Ma L, Hoffman TJ, Stump CS, Sowers JR. Metabolic Derangements in the Insulin‐Resistant Heart. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 1:102-6. [PMID: 17679814 DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-4564.2006.05683.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Myocardium is flexible when it comes to energy substrate utilization; it uses fatty acid, glucose, lactones, and ketones for its energy requirement. The myocardial energy substrate preference varies in a dynamic manner depending on myocardial perfusion, energy demand, substrate availability, and local/systemic hormonal changes. The authors discuss the metabolic perturbations seen in insulin-resistant myocardium and how they result in structural and other biochemical changes that ultimately result in left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic and systolic dysfunction. The authors also discuss the utility of metabolic imaging to study metabolic derangement as seen in insulin-resistant rodents. The role of positron emission tomography and cine-magnetic resonance imaging coregistration in quantifying myocardial glucose uptake is demonstrated in fasted, 13-week old Sprague-Dawley rats under insulin-/glucose-stimulated conditions. This study demonstrates the utility of in vivo, noninvasive positron emission tomography and cine-magnetic resonance imaging modalities to longitudinally follow insulin resistance models during disease progression and after specific interventions.
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8
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De Smet E, Jaecques SVN, Jansen JJ, Walboomers F, Vander Sloten J, Naert IE. Effect of strain at low-frequency loading on peri-implant bone (re)modelling: a guinea-pig experimental study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2008; 19:733-9. [PMID: 18492084 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2008.01474.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether controlled early loading enhances peri-implant bone mass and bone-to-implant contact. Low-frequency stimulation (3 Hz) and varying force amplitudes, causing varying strains, were applied in three guinea-pig series. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three series of guinea-pigs received percutaneous TiO(2)-blasted implants in both tibiae. One week after implant installation, one implant was stimulated with a sinusoidally varying bending moment while the contra-lateral implant served as an unloaded control. Force amplitudes of 0.5, 1 and 2 N were applied on a 20-mm-long cantilever, resulting in strains of 133, 267 and 533 muepsilon, respectively, measured by a strain gauge bonded on the surface of the tibial bone at 1.3 mm from the implant's distal surface. Implant stability was followed by means of resonance frequency analysis. Bone-to-implant contact and bone mass [BM (%) bone occupied area fraction] were analysed histomorphometrically. RESULTS A significant positive effect on the difference in bone mass at the stimulated vs. at the control side was observed in the distal half peri-implant marrow cavity for early mechanical stimulation at a frequency of 3 Hz (P<0.0001). An optimum was reached for the applied load, which causes a strain of approximately 267 muepsilon 1.3 mm from the implant. Implant stability gradually increased in time; no significant effect of early stimulation could be measured. CONCLUSIONS The effect of early controlled mechanical stimulation on the peri-implant bone, in this cortical bone model, is strongly dependent on force amplitude/strain at low-frequency stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Els De Smet
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry/BIOMAT Research Group, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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9
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Cardiac substrate uptake and metabolism in obesity and type-2 diabetes: role of sarcolemmal substrate transporters. Mol Cell Biochem 2007. [PMID: 16988889 PMCID: PMC1915649 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-006-9372-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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10
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Glatz JF. Cardiac substrate uptake and metabolism in obesity and type-2 diabetes: role of sarcolemmal substrate transporters. Mol Cell Biochem 2007; 299:5-18. [PMID: 16988889 PMCID: PMC1915649 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-005-9030-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of death in obesity and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Alterations in substrate metabolism are believed to be involved in the development of both cardiac dysfunction and insulin resistance in these conditions. Under physiological circumstances the heart utilizes predominantly long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) (60-70%), with the remainder covered by carbohydrates, i.e., glucose (20%) and lactate (10%). The cellular uptake of both LCFA and glucose is regulated by the sarcolemmal amount of specific transport proteins, i.e., fatty acid translocase (FAT)/CD36 and GLUT4, respectively. These transport proteins are not only present at the sarcolemma, but also in intracellular storage compartments. Both an increased workload and the hormone insulin induce translocation of FAT/CD36 and GLUT4 to the sarcolemma. In this review, recent findings on the insulin and contraction signalling pathways involved in substrate uptake and utilization by cardiac myocytes under physiological conditions are discussed. New insights in alterations in substrate uptake and utilization during insulin resistance and its progression towards T2DM suggest a pivotal role for substrate transporters. During the development of obesity towards T2DM alterations in cardiac lipid homeostasis were found to precede alterations in glucose homeostasis. In the early stages of T2DM, relocation of FAT/CD36 to the sarcolemma is associated with the myocardial accumulation of triacylglycerols (TAGs) eventually leading to an impaired insulin-stimulated GLUT4-translocation. These novel insights may result in new strategies for the prevention of development of cardiac dysfunction and insulin resistance in obesity and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F.C. Glatz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, CARIM, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Cooper SA, Whaley-Connell A, Habibi J, Wei Y, Lastra G, Manrique C, Stas S, Sowers JR. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and oxidative stress in cardiovascular insulin resistance. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007; 293:H2009-23. [PMID: 17586614 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00522.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension commonly occurs in conjunction with insulin resistance and other components of the cardiometabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance plays a significant role in the relationship between hypertension, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. There is accumulating evidence that insulin resistance occurs in cardiovascular and renal tissue as well as in classical metabolic tissues (i.e., skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue). Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and subsequent elevations in angiotensin II and aldosterone, as seen in cardiometabolic syndrome, contribute to altered insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathways and reactive oxygen species formation to induce endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. This review examines currently understood mechanisms underlying the development of resistance to the metabolic actions of insulin in cardiovascular as well as skeletal muscle tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawna A Cooper
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri 65212, USA
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13
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Abstract
Over the past 20 years, stable isotopes combined with isotopomer analysis have proven to be a powerful approach to probe the dynamics of metabolism in various biological systems, including the heart. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how isotopomer analysis of metabolic fluxes can provide novel insights into the myocardial phenotype. Specifically, building on our past experience using NMR spectroscopy and GC-MS as applied to investigations of cardiac energy metabolism, we highlight specific complex metabolic networks that would not be predicted by classical biochemistry or by static measurements of metabolite, protein and mRNA levels.
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Khairallah M, Labarthe F, Bouchard B, Danialou G, Petrof BJ, Des Rosiers C. Profiling substrate fluxes in the isolated working mouse heart using 13C-labeled substrates: focusing on the origin and fate of pyruvate and citrate carbons. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2003; 286:H1461-70. [PMID: 14670819 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00942.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The availability of genetically modified mice requires the development of methods to assess heart function and metabolism in the intact beating organ. With the use of radioactive substrates and ex vivo perfusion of the mouse heart in the working mode, previous studies have documented glucose and fatty acid oxidation pathways. This study was aimed at characterizing the metabolism of other potentially important exogenous carbohydrate sources, namely, lactate and pyruvate. This was achieved by using (13)C-labeling methods. The mouse heart perfusion setup and buffer composition were optimized to reproduce conditions close to the in vivo milieu in terms of workload, cardiac functions, and substrate-hormone supply to the heart (11 mM glucose, 0.8 nM insulin, 50 microM carnitine, 1.5 mM lactate, 0.2 mM pyruvate, 5 nM epinephrine, 0.7 mM oleate, and 3% albumin). The use of three differentially (13)C-labeled carbohydrates and a (13)C-labeled long-chain fatty acid allowed the quantitative assessment of the metabolic origin and fate of tissue pyruvate as well as the relative contribution of substrates feeding acetyl-CoA (pyruvate and fatty acids) and oxaloacetate (pyruvate) for mitochondrial citrate synthesis. Beyond concurring with the notion that the mouse heart preferentially uses fatty acids for energy production (63.5 +/- 3.9%) and regulates its fuel selection according to the Randle cycle, our study reports for the first time in the mouse heart the following findings. First, exogenous lactate is the major carbohydrate contributing to pyruvate formation (42.0 +/- 2.3%). Second, lactate and pyruvate are constantly being taken up and released by the heart, supporting the concept of compartmentation of lactate and glucose metabolism. Finally, mitochondrial anaplerotic pyruvate carboxylation and citrate efflux represent 4.9 +/- 1.8 and 0.8 +/- 0.1%, respectively, of the citric acid cycle flux and are modulated by substrate supply. The described (13)C-labeling strategy combined with an experimental setup that enables continuous monitoring of physiological parameters offers a unique model to clarify the link between metabolic alterations, cardiac dysfunction, and disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Khairallah
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2L 4M1
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Terruzzi I, Allibardi S, Bendinelli P, Maroni P, Piccoletti R, Vesco F, Samaja M, Luzi L. Amino acid- and lipid-induced insulin resistance in rat heart: molecular mechanisms. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2002; 190:135-45. [PMID: 11997187 DOI: 10.1016/s0303-7207(02)00005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lipids compete with glucose for utilization by the myocardium. Amino acids are an important energetic substrate in the heart but it is unknown whether they reduce glucose disposal. The molecular mechanisms by which lipids and amino acids impair insulin-mediated glucose disposal in the myocardium are unknown. We evaluated the effect of lipids and amino acids on the insulin stimulated glucose uptake in the isolated rat heart and explored the involved target proteins. The hearts were perfused with 16 mM glucose alone or with 6% lipid or 10% amino acid solutions at the rate of 15 ml/min. After 1 h of perfusion (basal period), insulin (240 nmol/l) was added and maintained for an additional hour. Both lipids and amino acids blocked the insulin effect on glucose uptake (P<0.01) and reduced the activity of the IRSs/PI 3-kinase/Akt/GSK3 axis leading to the activation of glucose transport and glycogen synthesis. Amino acids, but not lipids, increased the activity of the p70 S6 kinase leading to the stimulation of protein synthesis. Amino acids induce myocardial insulin resistance recruiting the same molecular mechanisms as lipids. Amino acids retain an insulin-like stimulatory effect on p70 S6 kinase, which is independent from the PI 3-Kinase downstream effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Terruzzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.
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Chatham JC, Des Rosiers C, Forder JR. Evidence of separate pathways for lactate uptake and release by the perfused rat heart. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2001; 281:E794-802. [PMID: 11551857 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.2001.281.4.e794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The simultaneous release and uptake of lactate by the heart has been observed both in vivo and ex vivo; however, the pathways underlying these observations have not been satisfactorily explained. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that hearts release lactate from glycolysis while simultaneously taking up exogenous lactate. Therefore, we determined the effects of fatty acids and diabetes on the regulation of lactate uptake and release. Hearts from control and 1-wk diabetic animals were perfused with 5 mM glucose, 0.5 mM [3-(13)C]lactate, and 0, 0.1, 0.32, or 1.0 mM palmitate. Parameters measured include perfusate lactate concentrations, fractional enrichment, and coronary flow rates, which enabled the simultaneous, but independent, measurements of the rates of 1) uptake of exogenous [(13)C]lactate and 2) efflux of unlabeled lactate from metabolism of glucose. Although the rates of lactate uptake and efflux were both similarly inhibited by the addition of palmitate, (i.e., the ratio of lactate uptake to efflux remained constant), the ratio of lactate uptake to efflux was significantly higher in the controls compared with the diabetic group (1.00 +/- 0.14 vs. 0.50 +/- 0.07, P < 0.002). These data, combined with heterogeneous (13)C enrichment of tissue lactate, pyruvate, and alanine, suggest that glycolytically derived lactate production and oxidation of exogenous lactate operate as functionally separate metabolic pathways. These results are consistent with the concept of an intracellular lactate shuttle.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Chatham
- Division of Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
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Vincent G, Comte B, Poirier M, Rosiers CD. Citrate release by perfused rat hearts: a window on mitochondrial cataplerosis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2000; 278:E846-56. [PMID: 10780941 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.2000.278.5.e846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cytosolic citrate is proposed to play a crucial role in substrate fuel selection in the heart. However, little is known about factors regulating the transfer of citrate from the mitochondria, where it is synthesized, to the cytosol. Further to our observation that rat hearts perfused under normoxia release citrate whose (13)C labeling pattern reflects that of mitochondrial citrate (B. Comte, G. Vincent, B. Bouchard, and C. Des Rosiers. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 26117-26124, 1997), we report here data indicating that this citrate release is a specific process reflecting the mitochondrial efflux of citrate, a process referred to as cataplerosis. Indeed, measured rates of citrate release, which vary between 2 and 21 nmol/min, are modulated by the nature and concentration of exogenous substrates feeding acetyl-CoA (fatty acid) and oxaloacetate (lactate plus pyruvate) for the mitochondrial citrate synthase reaction. Such release rates that represent at most 2% of the citric acid cycle flux are in agreement with the activity of the mitochondrial tricarboxylate transporter whose participation is also substantiated by 1) parallel variations in citrate release rates and tissue levels of citrate plus malate, the antiporter, and 2) a lowering of the citrate release rate by 1,2, 3-benzenetricarboxylic acid, a specific inhibitor of the transporter. Taken together, the results from the present study indicate that citrate cataplerosis is modulated by substrate supply, in agreement with the role of cytosolic citrate in fuel partitioning, and occurs, at least in part, through the mitochondrial tricarboxylate transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Vincent
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7
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Chatham JC, Gao ZP, Forder JR. Impact of 1 wk of diabetes on the regulation of myocardial carbohydrate and fatty acid oxidation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1999; 277:E342-51. [PMID: 10444431 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.2.e342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of increasing exogenous palmitate concentration on carbohydrate and palmitate oxidation in hearts from control and 1-wk diabetic rats. Hearts were perfused with glucose, [3-(13)C]lactate, and [U-(13)C]palmitate. Substrate oxidation rates were determined by combining (13)C-NMR glutamate isotopomer analysis of tissue extracts with measurements of oxygen consumption. Carbohydrate oxidation was markedly depressed after diabetes in the presence of low (0.1 mM) but not high (1.0 mM) palmitate concentration. Increasing exogenous palmitate concentration 10-fold resulted in a 7-fold increase in the contribution of palmitate to energy production in controls but only a 30% increase in the diabetic group. Consequently, at 0.1 mM palmitate, the rate of fatty acid oxidation was higher in the diabetic group than in controls; however, at 1.0 mM fatty acid oxidation, it was significantly depressed. Therefore, after 1 wk of diabetes, the major differences in carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism occur primarily at low rather than high exogenous palmitate concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Chatham
- Division of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
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Pietersen HG, Langenberg CJ, Geskes G, Kester A, de Lange S, Van der Vusse GJ, Wagenmakers AJ, Soeters PB. Myocardial substrate uptake and oxidation during and after routine cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1999; 118:71-80. [PMID: 10384187 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5223(99)70143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to clarify whether myocardial substrate uptake and oxidation change after a period of hypothermic cardioplegic arrest during coronary artery bypass grafting procedures. METHODS In 30 patients arterial and coronary sinus blood was sampled and coronary sinus flow measurements were performed before and after sternotomy and 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 50 minutes, and 6 hours after release of the aortic crossclamp. Measurement of free fatty acids, lactate, glucose, oxygen content, and carbon dioxide content in arterial and coronary sinus blood allowed calculations of myocardial substrate use, respiratory quotients, and myocardial oxidation rates of carbohydrates and fat. RESULTS Uptake of free fatty acids and lactate was significant throughout the study and did not change in association with release of the crossclamp. Free fatty acid and lactate uptake measured 6 +/- 4 micromol/min and 23 +/- 26 micromol/min, respectively, before crossclamping compared with 8 +/- 7 micromol/min and 19 +/- 21 micromol/min, respectively, after release of the clamp. Glucose uptake was significant only during the first hour after crossclamp release and increased from 7 +/- 50 to 28 +/- 34 micromol/L after crossclamp release. Myocardial oxygen consumption did not change significantly (0.5 +/- 0.2 mmol/L compared with 0.35 +/- 0.2 mmol/L) after release of the crossclamp. Myocardial oxygen extraction ratio decreased from 58% +/- 8% to 41% +/- 13% after crossclamp release. Respiratory quotient increased after crossclamp release (0.85 +/- 0. 2 compared with 1.00 +/- 0.2), which implies that carbohydrate oxidation increased at the expense of free fatty acid oxidation. CONCLUSION We conclude that hypothermic cardioplegic arrest during coronary artery bypass graft operations is associated with a transiently increased uptake and oxidation of carbohydrates during the immediate reperfusion phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Pietersen
- Departments of Surgery, Anesthesiology,and Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Bartelds B, Knoester H, Beaufort-Krol GC, Smid GB, Takens J, Zijlstra WG, Heymans HS, Kuipers JR. Myocardial lactate metabolism in fetal and newborn lambs. Circulation 1999; 99:1892-7. [PMID: 10199888 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.99.14.1892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Around birth, myocardial substrate supply changes from carbohydrates before birth to primarily fatty acids after birth. Parallel to these changes, the myocardium is expected to switch from the use of primarily lactate before birth to fatty acids thereafter. However, myocardial lactate uptake and oxidation around birth has not been measured in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS We measured myocardial lactate uptake, oxidation, and release with infusion of [1-13C]lactate and myocardial flux of fatty acids and glucose in chronically instrumented fetal and newborn (1 to 15 days) lambs. Myocardial lactate oxidation was the same in newborn (81.7+/-14.7 micromol. min-1. 100 g-1, n=11) as in fetal lambs (60.7+/-26.7 micromol. min-1. 100 g-1, n=7). Lactate uptake was also the same in newborn as in fetal lambs. Lactate uptake was higher than lactate flux, indicating lactate release simultaneously with uptake. In the newborn lambs, lactate uptake declined with age. Lactate uptake was strongly related to lactate supply, whereas lactate oxidation was not. The supply of fatty acids or glucose did not interfere with lactate uptake, but the flux of fatty acids was inversely related to lactate oxidation. CONCLUSIONS We show that lactate is an important energy source for the myocardium before birth as well as in the first 2 weeks after birth in lambs. We also show that there is release of lactate by the myocardium simultaneously with uptake of lactate. Furthermore, we show that lactate oxidation may be attenuated by fatty acids but not by glucose, probably at the level of pyruvate dehydrogenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bartelds
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital and Groningen Utrecht Institute for Drug Exploration, Groningen, Netherlands
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Szewczyk A, Pikuła S. Adenosine 5'-triphosphate: an intracellular metabolic messenger. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1998; 1365:333-53. [PMID: 9711292 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(98)00094-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Szewczyk
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland.
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Bartelds B, Gratama JW, Knoester H, Takens J, Smid GB, Aarnoudse JG, Heymans HS, Kuipers JR. Perinatal changes in myocardial supply and flux of fatty acids, carbohydrates, and ketone bodies in lambs. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1998; 274:H1962-9. [PMID: 9841523 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.1998.274.6.h1962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
No information is available on perinatal changes in myocardial metabolism in vivo. We measured myocardial supply and flux of fatty acids, carbohydrates, and ketone bodies in chronically instrumented fetal, newborn (1-4 days), and juvenile (7 wk) lambs, by measuring aorta-coronary sinus concentration differences and blood flow. In the fetal lambs, myocardial supply and flux of fatty acids were zero. In the newborn lambs, the supply of fatty acids increased tenfold, but there was no flux of fatty acids. Carbohydrates were the major energy source in fetal and newborn lambs, accounting for 89 and 69% of myocardial oxygen consumption, respectively. In the juvenile lambs, the flux of fatty acids was increased threefold. The supply and flux of carbohydrates were decreased (by 31 and 82%, respectively). The supply and flux of ketone bodies gradually increased with age. We show that the myocardium of the lamb in vivo does not switch immediately after birth from carbohydrates to fatty acids. The mechanisms involved in the development of myocardial fatty acid oxidation remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bartelds
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
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Luiken JJ, van Nieuwenhoven FA, America G, van der Vusse GJ, Glatz JF. Uptake and metabolism of palmitate by isolated cardiac myocytes from adult rats: involvement of sarcolemmal proteins. J Lipid Res 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)37241-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Johannsson E, Nagelhus EA, McCullagh KJ, Sejersted OM, Blackstad TW, Bonen A, Ottersen OP. Cellular and Subcellular Expression of the Monocarboxylate Transporter MCT1 in Rat Heart. Circ Res 1997. [DOI: 10.1161/01.res.0000435856.47954.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erlingur Johannsson
- From the Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo (Norway)
| | - Erlend A. Nagelhus
- From the Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo (Norway)
| | - Karl J.A. McCullagh
- From the Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo (Norway)
| | - Ole M. Sejersted
- From the Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo (Norway)
| | - Theodor W. Blackstad
- From the Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo (Norway)
| | - Arend Bonen
- From the Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo (Norway)
| | - Ole P. Ottersen
- From the Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo (Norway)
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Nuutila P, Knuuti MJ, Heinonen OJ, Ruotsalainen U, Teräs M, Bergman J, Solin O, Yki-Järvinen H, Voipio-Pulkki LM, Wegelius U. Different alterations in the insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in the athlete's heart and skeletal muscle. J Clin Invest 1994; 93:2267-74. [PMID: 8182160 PMCID: PMC294384 DOI: 10.1172/jci117226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical training increases skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity. Since training also causes functional and structural changes in the myocardium, we compared glucose uptake rates in the heart and skeletal muscles of trained and untrained individuals. Seven male endurance athletes (VO2max 72 +/- 2 ml/kg/min) and seven sedentary subjects matched for characteristics other than VO2max (43 +/- 2 ml/kg/min) were studied. Whole body glucose uptake was determined with a 2-h euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, and regional glucose uptake in femoral and arm muscles, and myocardium using 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose and positron emission tomography. Glucose uptake in the athletes was increased by 68% in whole body (P < 0.0001), by 99% in the femoral muscles (P < 0.01), and by 62% in arm muscles (P = 0.06), but it was decreased by 33% in the heart muscle (P < 0.05) as compared with the sedentary subjects. The total glucose uptake rate in the heart was similar in the athletes and control subjects. Left ventricular mass in the athletes was 79% greater (P < 0.001) and the meridional wall stress smaller (P < 0.001) as estimated by echocardiography. VO2max correlated directly with left ventricular mass (r = 0.87, P < 0.001) and inversely with left ventricular wall stress (r = -0.86, P < 0.001). Myocardial glucose uptake correlated directly with the rate-pressure product (r = 0.75, P < 0.02) and inversely with left ventricular mass (r = -0.60, P < 0.05) or with the whole body glucose disposal (r = -0.68, P < 0.01). Thus, in athletes, (a) insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is enhanced in the whole body and skeletal muscles, (b) whereas myocardial glucose uptake per muscle mass is reduced possibly due to decreased wall stress and energy requirements or the use of alternative fuels, or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Nuutila
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Finland
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