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Tominami K, Kudo TA, Noguchi T, Hayashi Y, Luo YR, Tanaka T, Matsushita A, Izumi S, Sato H, Gengyo-Ando K, Matsuzawa A, Hong G, Nakai J. Physical Stimulation Methods Developed for In Vitro Neuronal Differentiation Studies of PC12 Cells: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:772. [PMID: 38255846 PMCID: PMC10815383 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PC12 cells, which are derived from rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells, are widely used for the study of neuronal differentiation. NGF induces neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells by activating intracellular pathways via the TrkA receptor, which results in elongated neurites and neuron-like characteristics. Moreover, the differentiation requires both the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways. In addition to NGF, BMPs can also induce neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells. BMPs are part of the TGF-β cytokine superfamily and activate signaling pathways such as p38 MAPK and Smad. However, the brief lifespan of NGF and BMPs may limit their effectiveness in living organisms. Although PC12 cells are used to study the effects of various physical stimuli on neuronal differentiation, the development of new methods and an understanding of the molecular mechanisms are ongoing. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the induction of neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells without relying on NGF, which is already established for electrical, electromagnetic, and thermal stimulation but poses a challenge for mechanical, ultrasound, and light stimulation. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying neuronal differentiation induced by physical stimuli remain largely unknown. Elucidating these mechanisms holds promise for developing new methods for neural regeneration and advancing neuroregenerative medical technologies using neural stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Tominami
- Division of Oral Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tada-aki Kudo
- Division of Oral Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takuya Noguchi
- Laboratory of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yohei Hayashi
- Cell Resource Center for Biomedical Research, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - You-Ran Luo
- Division for Globalization Initiative, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takakuni Tanaka
- Division for Globalization Initiative, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ayumu Matsushita
- Division of Oral Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Satoshi Izumi
- Division of Oral Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hajime Sato
- Division of Pharmacology, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado 350-0283, Japan
| | - Keiko Gengyo-Ando
- Division of Oral Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Atsushi Matsuzawa
- Laboratory of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Guang Hong
- Division for Globalization Initiative, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Junichi Nakai
- Division of Oral Physiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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2
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Mendes AX, do Nascimento AT, Duchi S, Quigley AF, Caballero Aguilar LM, Dekiwadia C, Kapsa RMI, Silva SM, Moulton SE. The impact of electrical stimulation protocols on neuronal cell survival and proliferation using cell-laden GelMA/graphene oxide hydrogels. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:581-593. [PMID: 36533419 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02387c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The development of electroactive cell-laden hydrogels (bioscaffolds) has gained interest in neural tissue engineering research due to their inherent electrical properties that can induce the regulation of cell behaviour. Hydrogels combined with electrically conducting materials can respond to external applied electric fields, where these stimuli can promote electro-responsive cell growth and proliferation. A successful neural interface for electrical stimulation should present the desired stable electrical properties, such as high conductivity, low impedance, increased charge storage capacity and similar mechanical properties related to a target neural tissue. We report how different electrical stimulation protocols can impact neuronal cells' survival and proliferation when using cell-laden GelMA/GO hydrogels. The rat pheochromocytoma cell line, PC12s encapsulated into hydrogels showed an increased proliferation behaviour with increasing current amplitudes applied. Furthermore, the presence of GO in GelMA hydrogels enhanced the metabolic activity and DNA content of PC12s compared with GelMA alone. Similarly, hydrogels provided survival of encapsulated cells at higher current amplitudes when compared to cells seeded onto ITO flat surfaces, which expressed significant cell death at a current amplitude of 2.50 mA. Our findings provide new rational choices for electroactive hydrogels and electrical stimulation with broad potential applications in neural tissue engineering research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Xavier Mendes
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia. .,Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Adriana Teixeira do Nascimento
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia. .,Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Serena Duchi
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia.,Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Anita F Quigley
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia.,School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Lilith M Caballero Aguilar
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia. .,Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Chaitali Dekiwadia
- RMIT Microscopy and MicroAnalysis Facility (RMMF), STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Robert M I Kapsa
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia. .,Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia.,School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Saimon Moraes Silva
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia. .,Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Simon E Moulton
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia. .,Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia
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3
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Electrical Stimulation and Cellular Behaviors in Electric Field in Biomedical Research. MATERIALS 2021; 15:ma15010165. [PMID: 35009311 PMCID: PMC8746014 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Research on the cellular response to electrical stimulation (ES) and its mechanisms focusing on potential clinic applications has been quietly intensified recently. However, the unconventional nature of this methodology has fertilized a great variety of techniques that make the interpretation and comparison of experimental outcomes complicated. This work reviews more than a hundred publications identified mostly from Medline, categorizes the techniques, and comments on their merits and weaknesses. Electrode-based ES, conductive substrate-mediated ES, and noninvasive stimulation are the three principal categories used in biomedical research and clinic. ES has been found to enhance cell proliferation, growth, migration, and stem cell differentiation, showing an important potential in manipulating cellular activities in both normal and pathological conditions. However, inappropriate parameters or setup can have negative effects. The complexity of the delivered electric signals depends on how they are generated and in what form. It is also difficult to equate one set of parameters with another. Mechanistic studies are rare and badly needed. Even so, ES in combination with advanced materials and nanotechnology is developing a strong footing in biomedical research and regenerative medicine.
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Su Y, Wang Z, Dong M, Chen M. An injectable high-conductive bimaterial scaffold for neural stimulation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 195:111210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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5
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Wang J, Wang H, Mo X, Wang H. Reduced Graphene Oxide-Encapsulated Microfiber Patterns Enable Controllable Formation of Neuronal-Like Networks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2004555. [PMID: 32875631 PMCID: PMC10865229 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Scaffold-guided formation of neuronal-like networks, especially under electrical stimulation, can be an appealing avenue toward functional restoration of injured nervous systems. Here, 3D conductive scaffolds are fabricated based on printed microfiber constructs using near-field electrostatic printing (NFEP) and graphene oxide (GO) coating. Various microfiber patterns are obtained from poly(l-lactic acid-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) using NFEP and complexity is achieved via modulating the fiber overlay angles (45°, 60°, 75°, 90°), fiber diameters (15 to 148 µm), and fiber spatial organization (spider web and tubular structure). Upon coating GO onto PLCL microfibers via a layer-by-layer (L-b-L) assembly technique and in situ reduction into reduced GO (rGO), the obtained conductive scaffolds, with 25-50 layers of rGO, demonstrate superior conductivity (≈0.95 S cm-1 ) and capability of inducing neuronal-like network formation along the conductive microfibers under electrical stimulation (100-150 mV cm-1 ). Both electric field (0-150 mV cm-1 ) and microfiber diameter (17-150 µm) affect neurite outgrowth (PC-12 cells and primary mouse hippocampal neurons) and the formation of orientated neuronal-like networks. With further demonstration of such guidance to neuronal cells, these conductive scaffolds may see versatile applications in nerve regeneration and neural engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Xiumei Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
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Kim CH, Kim TH. Graphene Hybrid Materials for Controlling Cellular Microenvironments. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E4008. [PMID: 32927729 PMCID: PMC7559936 DOI: 10.3390/ma13184008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cellular microenvironments are known as key factors controlling various cell functions, including adhesion, growth, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis. Many materials, including proteins, polymers, and metal hybrid composites, are reportedly effective in regulating cellular microenvironments, mostly via reshaping and manipulating cell morphologies, which ultimately affect cytoskeletal dynamics and related genetic behaviors. Recently, graphene and its derivatives have emerged as promising materials in biomedical research owing to their biocompatible properties as well as unique physicochemical characteristics. In this review, we will highlight and discuss recent studies reporting the regulation of the cellular microenvironment, with particular focus on the use of graphene derivatives or graphene hybrid materials to effectively control stem cell differentiation and cancer cell functions and behaviors. We hope that this review will accelerate research on the use of graphene derivatives to regulate various cellular microenvironments, which will ultimately be useful for both cancer therapy and stem cell-based regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol-Hwi Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea;
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea;
- Integrative Research Centre for Two-Dimensional Functional Materials, Institute of Interdisciplinary Convergence Research, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
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7
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Jiang Y, Fu P, Liu Y, Wang C, Zhao P, Chu X, Jiang X, Yang W, Wu Y, Wang Y, Xu G, Hu J, Bu W. Near-infrared light-triggered NO release for spinal cord injury repair. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/39/eabc3513. [PMID: 32978153 PMCID: PMC7518874 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc3513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is caused by external physical impacts and can induce complex cascade events, sometimes converging to paralysis. Existing clinical drugs to traumatic SCI have limited therapeutic efficacy because of either the poor blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) permeability or a single function. Here, we suggest a "pleiotropic messenger" strategy based on near-infrared (NIR)-triggered on-demand NO release at the lesion area for traumatic SCI recovery via the concurrent neuroregeneration and neuroprotection processing. This NO delivery system was constructed as upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) core coated by zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) with NO donor (CysNO). This combined strategy substantial promotes the repair of SCI in vertebrates, ascribable to the pleiotropic effects of NO including the suppression of gliosis and inflammation, the promotion of neuroregeneration, and the protection of neurons from apoptosis, which opens intriguing perspectives not only in nerve repair but also in neurological research and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Chaochao Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - Peiran Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xu Chu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xingwu Jiang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Yelin Wu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China.
| | - Jin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Bu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
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8
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Bhattarai DP, Hwang TI, Kim JI, Lee JH, Chun S, Kim BS, Park CH, Kim CS. Synthesis of polypyrrole nanorods via sacrificial removal of aluminum oxide nanopore template: A study on cell viability, electrical stimulation and neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 107:110325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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9
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Kim S, Jang LK, Jang M, Lee S, Hardy JG, Lee JY. Electrically Conductive Polydopamine-Polypyrrole as High Performance Biomaterials for Cell Stimulation in Vitro and Electrical Signal Recording in Vivo. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:33032-33042. [PMID: 30192136 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Conductive polymers (CPs) such as polypyrrole (PPY) are emerging biomaterials for use as scaffolds and bioelectrodes which interact with biological systems electrically. Still, more electrically conductive and biologically interactive CPs are required to develop high performance biomaterials and medical devices. In this study, in situ electrochemical copolymerization of polydopamine (PDA) and PPY were performed for electrode modification. Their material and biological properties were characterized using multiple techniques. The electrical properties of electrodes coated with PDA/PPY were superior to electrodes coated with PPY alone. The growth and differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts and PC12 neuronal cells on PDA/PPY was enhanced compared to PPY. Electrical stimulation of PC12 cells on PDA/PPY further promoted neuritogenesis. In vivo electromyography signal measurements demonstrated more sensitive signals from tibia muscles when using PDA/PPY-coated electrodes than bare or PPY-coated electrodes, revealing PDA/PPY to be a high-performance biomaterial with potential for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - John George Hardy
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Institute , Lancaster University , Lancaster , Lancashire LA1 4YB , U.K
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10
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Borah R, Ingavle GC, Sandeman SR, Kumar A, Mikhalovsky SV. Amine-Functionalized Electrically Conductive Core-Sheath MEH-PPV:PCL Electrospun Nanofibers for Enhanced Cell-Biomaterial Interactions. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:3327-3346. [PMID: 33435069 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a conducting polymer, poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV) along with a biodegradable polymer poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) was used to prepare an electrically conductive, biocompatible, bioactive, and biodegradable nanofibrous scaffold for possible use in neural tissue engineering applications. Core-sheath electrospun nanofibers of PCL as the core and MEH-PPV as the sheath, were surface-functionalized with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) and 1,6-hexanediamine to obtain amine-functionalized surface to facilitate cell-biomaterial interactions with the aim of replacing the costly biomolecules such as collagen, fibronectin, laminin, and arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide for surface modification. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the formation of core-sheath morphology of the electrospun nanofibers, whereas Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed successful incorporation of amine functionality after surface functionalization. Adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of 3T3 fibroblasts were enhanced on the surface-functionalized electrospun meshes, whereas the neuronal model rat pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) cells also adhered and differentiated into sympathetic neurons on these meshes. Under a constant electric field of 500 mV for 2 h/day for 3 consecutive days, the PC12 cells displayed remarkable improvement in the neurite formation and outgrowth on the surface-functionalized meshes that was comparable to those on the collagen-coated meshes under no electrical signal. Electrical stimulation studies further demonstrated that electrically stimulated PC12 cells cultured on collagen I coated meshes yielded more and longer neurites than those of the unstimulated cells on the same scaffolds. The enhanced neurite growth and differentiation suggest the potential use of these scaffolds for neural tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Borah
- Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, India
| | - Ganesh C Ingavle
- Biomaterials and Medical Devices Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Huxley Building, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom.,Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research, Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International University, Pune 412115, India
| | - Susan R Sandeman
- Biomaterials and Medical Devices Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Huxley Building, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, India
| | - Sergey V Mikhalovsky
- ANAMAD Ltd., Sussex Innovation Centre, Science Park Square, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9SB, United Kingdom.,SD Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Tole Bi Street 94, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
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11
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Effect of direct current electrical stimulation on the recovery of facial nerve crush injury. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Molino PJ, Garcia L, Stewart EM, Lamaze M, Zhang B, Harris AR, Winberg P, Wallace GG. PEDOT doped with algal, mammalian and synthetic dopants: polymer properties, protein and cell interactions, and influence of electrical stimulation on neuronal cell differentiation. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:1250-1261. [DOI: 10.1039/c7bm01156c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PEDOT films were electrochemically polymerised with synthetic and biological dopants, characterised, and their interactions with proteins and neuronal cells investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. J. Molino
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES)
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong
- Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Australian Steel Manufacturing
| | - L. Garcia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES)
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong
- Australia
| | - E. M. Stewart
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES)
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong
- Australia
| | - M. Lamaze
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES)
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong
- Australia
| | - B. Zhang
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES)
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong
- Australia
- HEARing CRC
| | - A. R. Harris
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES)
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong
- Australia
- HEARing CRC
| | - P. Winberg
- Venus Shell Systems Pty. Ltd
- Bomaderry
- Australia
- School of Medicine
- University of Wollongong
| | - G. G. Wallace
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES)
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong
- Australia
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Abstract
Electrical and/or electromechanical stimulation has been shown to play a significant role in regenerating various functionalities in soft tissues, such as tendons, muscles, and nerves. In this work, we investigate the piezoelectric polymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a potential substrate for wireless neuronal differentiation. Piezoelectric PVDF enables generation of electrical charges on its surface upon acoustic stimulation, inducing neuritogenesis of PC12 cells. We demonstrate that the effect of pure piezoelectric stimulation on neurite generation in PC12 cells is comparable to the ones induced by neuronal growth factor (NGF). In inhibitor experiments, our results indicate that dynamic stimulation of PVDF by ultrasonic (US) waves activates calcium channels, thus inducing the generation of neurites via a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent pathway. This mechanism is independent from the well-studied NGF induced mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK/ERK) pathway. The use of US, in combination with piezoelectric polymers, is advantageous since focused power transmission can occur deep into biological tissues, which holds great promise for the development of non-invasive neuroregenerative devices.
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14
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Papadopulos A. Membrane shaping by actin and myosin during regulated exocytosis. Mol Cell Neurosci 2017; 84:93-99. [PMID: 28536001 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The cortical actin network in neurosecretory cells is a dense mesh of actin filaments underlying the plasma membrane. Interaction of actomyosin with vesicular membranes or the plasma membrane is vital for tethering, retention, transport as well as fusion and fission of exo- and endocytic membrane structures. During regulated exocytosis the cortical actin network undergoes dramatic changes in morphology to accommodate vesicle docking, fusion and replenishment. Most of these processes involve plasma membrane Phosphoinositides (PIP) and investigating the interactions between the actin cortex and secretory structures has become a hotbed for research in recent years. Actin remodelling leads to filopodia outgrowth and the creation of new fusion sites in neurosecretory cells and actin, myosin and dynamin actively shape and maintain the fusion pore of secretory vesicles. Changes in viscoelastic properties of the actin cortex can facilitate vesicular transport and lead to docking and priming of vesicle at the plasma membrane. Small GTPase actin mediators control the state of the cortical actin network and influence vesicular access to their docking and fusion sites. These changes potentially affect membrane properties such as tension and fluidity as well as the mobility of embedded proteins and could influence the processes leading to both exo- and endocytosis. Here we discuss the multitudes of actin and membrane interactions that control successive steps underpinning regulated exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Papadopulos
- The Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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Manthey AL, Liu W, Jiang ZX, Lee MHK, Ji J, So KF, Lai JSM, Lee VWH, Chiu K. Using Electrical Stimulation to Enhance the Efficacy of Cell Transplantation Therapies for Neurodegenerative Retinal Diseases: Concepts, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. Cell Transplant 2017; 26:949-965. [PMID: 28155808 DOI: 10.3727/096368917x694877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Disease or trauma-induced loss or dysfunction of neurons in any central nervous system (CNS) tissue will have a significant impact on the health of the affected patient. The retina is a multilayered tissue that originates from the neuroectoderm, much like the brain and spinal cord. While sight is not required for life, neurodegeneration-related loss of vision not only affects the quality of life for the patient but also has societal implications in terms of health care expenditure. Thus, it is essential to develop effective strategies to repair the retina and prevent disease symptoms. To address this need, multiple techniques have been investigated for their efficacy in treating retinal degeneration. Recent advances in cell transplantation (CT) techniques in preclinical, animal, and in vitro culture studies, including further evaluation of endogenous retinal stem cells and the differentiation of exogenous adult stem cells into various retinal cell types, suggest that this may be the most appropriate option to replace lost retinal neurons. Unfortunately, the various limitations of CT, such as immune rejection or aberrant cell behavior, have largely prevented this technique from becoming a widely used clinical treatment option. In parallel with the advances in CT methodology, the use of electrical stimulation (ES) to treat retinal degeneration has also been recently evaluated with promising results. In this review, we propose that ES could be used to enhance CT therapy, whereby electrical impulses can be applied to the retina to control both native and transplanted stem cell behavior/survival in order to circumvent the limitations associated with retinal CT. To highlight the benefits of this dual treatment, we have briefly outlined the recent developments and limitations of CT with regard to its use in the ocular environment, followed by a brief description of retinal ES, as well as described their combined use in other CNS tissues.
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KOYAMA S, NISHI S, NAGANO Y, TAME A, UEMATSU K, NOGI Y, HATADA Y, TSUBOUCHI T. Electrical Retrieval of Living Streptomycete Spores Using a Potential-Controlled ITO Electrode. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.85.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shinro NISHI
- Research and Development Center for Marine Biosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
| | - Yuriko NAGANO
- Department of Marine Biodiversity Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
| | - Akihiro TAME
- Department of Marine and Science, Marine Works Japan, Ltd
| | | | - Yuichi NOGI
- Research and Development Center for Marine Biosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
| | - Yuji HATADA
- Department of Life Science and Green Chemistry, Saitama Institute of Technology
| | - Taishi TSUBOUCHI
- Research and Development Center for Marine Biosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
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Chang HF, Lee YS, Tang TK, Cheng JY. Pulsed DC Electric Field-Induced Differentiation of Cortical Neural Precursor Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158133. [PMID: 27352251 PMCID: PMC4924866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the differentiation of neural stem and progenitor cells solely induced by direct current (DC) pulses stimulation. Neural stem and progenitor cells in the adult mammalian brain are promising candidates for the development of therapeutic neuroregeneration strategies. The differentiation of neural stem and progenitor cells depends on various in vivo environmental factors, such as nerve growth factor and endogenous EF. In this study, we demonstrated that the morphologic and phenotypic changes of mouse neural stem and progenitor cells (mNPCs) could be induced solely by exposure to square-wave DC pulses (magnitude 300 mV/mm at frequency of 100-Hz). The DC pulse stimulation was conducted for 48 h, and the morphologic changes of mNPCs were monitored continuously. The length of primary processes and the amount of branching significantly increased after stimulation by DC pulses for 48 h. After DC pulse treatment, the mNPCs differentiated into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes simultaneously in stem cell maintenance medium. Our results suggest that simple DC pulse treatment could control the fate of NPCs. With further studies, DC pulses may be applied to manipulate NPC differentiation and may be used for the development of therapeutic strategies that employ NPCs to treat nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Chang
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Shan Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tang K. Tang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Yen Cheng
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biophotonics and Molecular Imaging Research Center (BMIRC), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Mechanical and Mechantronic Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Das S, Carnicer-Lombarte A, Fawcett JW, Bora U. Bio-inspired nano tools for neuroscience. Prog Neurobiol 2016; 142:1-22. [PMID: 27107796 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Research and treatment in the nervous system is challenged by many physiological barriers posing a major hurdle for neurologists. The CNS is protected by a formidable blood brain barrier (BBB) which limits surgical, therapeutic and diagnostic interventions. The hostile environment created by reactive astrocytes in the CNS along with the limited regeneration capacity of the PNS makes functional recovery after tissue damage difficult and inefficient. Nanomaterials have the unique ability to interface with neural tissue in the nano-scale and are capable of influencing the function of a single neuron. The ability of nanoparticles to transcend the BBB through surface modifications has been exploited in various neuro-imaging techniques and for targeted drug delivery. The tunable topography of nanofibers provides accurate spatio-temporal guidance to regenerating axons. This review is an attempt to comprehend the progress in understanding the obstacles posed by the complex physiology of the nervous system and the innovations in design and fabrication of advanced nanomaterials drawing inspiration from natural phenomenon. We also discuss the development of nanomaterials for use in Neuro-diagnostics, Neuro-therapy and the fabrication of advanced nano-devices for use in opto-electronic and ultrasensitive electrophysiological applications. The energy efficient and parallel computing ability of the human brain has inspired the design of advanced nanotechnology based computational systems. However, extensive use of nanomaterials in neuroscience also raises serious toxicity issues as well as ethical concerns regarding nano implants in the brain. In conclusion we summarize these challenges and provide an insight into the huge potential of nanotechnology platforms in neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suradip Das
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Alejandro Carnicer-Lombarte
- John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, United Kingdom
| | - James W Fawcett
- John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, United Kingdom
| | - Utpal Bora
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; Mugagen Laboratories Private Limited, Technology Incubation Complex, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
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19
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Effect of Low-Intensity Ultrasound on Mortality of PC12 Induced by Amyloid β25–35. J Med Biol Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-015-0042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Nerve injury secondary to trauma, neurological disease or tumor excision presents a challenge for surgical reconstruction. Current practice for nerve repair involves autologous nerve transplantation, which is associated with significant donor-site morbidity and other complications. Previously artificial nerve conduits made from polycaprolactone, polyglycolic acid and collagen were approved by the FDA (USA) for nerve repair. More recently, there have been significant advances in nerve conduit design that better address the requirements of nerve regrowth. Innovations in materials science, nanotechnology, and biology open the way for the synthesis of new generation nerve repair conduits that address issues currently faced in nerve repair and regeneration. This review discusses recent innovations in this area, including the use of nanotechnology to improve the design of nerve conduits and to enhance nerve regeneration.
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Secretagogue stimulation of neurosecretory cells elicits filopodial extensions uncovering new functional release sites. J Neurosci 2014; 33:19143-53. [PMID: 24305811 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2634-13.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated exocytosis in neurosecretory cells relies on the timely fusion of secretory granules (SGs) with the plasma membrane. Secretagogue stimulation leads to an enlargement of the cell footprint (surface area in contact with the coverslip), an effect previously attributed to exocytic fusion of SGs with the plasma membrane. Using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, we reveal the formation of filopodia-like structures in bovine chromaffin and PC12 cells driving the footprint expansion, suggesting the involvement of cortical actin network remodeling in this process. Using exocytosis-incompetent PC12 cells, we demonstrate that footprint enlargement is largely independent of SG fusion, suggesting that vesicular exocytic fusion plays a relatively minor role in filopodial expansion. The footprint periphery, including filopodia, undergoes extensive F-actin remodeling, an effect abolished by the actomyosin inhibitors cytochalasin D and blebbistatin. Imaging of both Lifeact-GFP and the SG marker protein neuropeptide Y-mCherry reveals that SGs actively translocate along newly forming actin tracks before undergoing fusion. Together, these data demonstrate that neurosecretory cells regulate the number of SGs undergoing exocytosis during sustained stimulation by controlling vesicular mobilization and translocation to the plasma membrane through actin remodeling. Such remodeling facilitates the de novo formation of fusion sites.
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Abstract
Spinal cord injury results in significant mortality and morbidity, lifestyle changes, and difficult rehabilitation. Treatment of spinal cord injury is challenging because the spinal cord is both complex to treat acutely and difficult to regenerate. Nanomaterials can be used to provide effective treatments; their unique properties can facilitate drug delivery to the injury site, enact as neuroprotective agents, or provide platforms to stimulate regrowth of damaged tissues. We review recent uses of nanomaterials including nanowires, micelles, nanoparticles, liposomes, and carbon-based nanomaterials for neuroprotection in the acute phase. We also review the design and neural regenerative application of electrospun scaffolds, conduits, and self-assembling peptide scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Y. Tyler
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Xiao-Ming Xu
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute and Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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Nguyen HT, Sapp S, Wei C, Chow JK, Nguyen A, Coursen J, Luebben S, Chang E, Ross R, Schmidt CE. Electric field stimulation through a biodegradable polypyrrole-co-polycaprolactone substrate enhances neural cell growth. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:2554-64. [PMID: 23964001 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) are FDA-approved devices used to bridge gaps across severed nerve cables and help direct axons sprouting from the proximal end toward the distal stump. In this article, we present the development of a novel electrically conductive, biodegradable NGC made from a polypyrrole-block-polycaprolactone (PPy-PCL) copolymer material laminated with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). The PPy-PCL has a bulk conductivity ranging 10-20 S/cm and loses 40 wt % after 7 months under physiologic conditions. Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) grown on flat PPy-PCL/PLGA material exposed to direct current electric fields (EF) of 100 mV/cm for 2 h increased axon growth by 13% (± 2%) toward either electrode of a 2-electrode setup, compared with control grown on identical substrates without EF exposure. Alternating current increased axon growth by 21% (±3%) without an observable directional preference, compared with the same control group. The results from this study demonstrate PLGA-coated PPy-PCL is a unique biodegradable material that can deliver substrate EF stimulation to improve axon growth for peripheral nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hieu T Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712
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24
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Chang YJ, Hsu CM, Lin CH, Lu MSC, Chen L. Electrical stimulation promotes nerve growth factor-induced neurite outgrowth and signaling. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:4130-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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25
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Haeri M, Wӧllert T, Langford GM, Gilbert JL. Electrochemical control of cell death by reduction-induced intrinsic apoptosis and oxidation-induced necrosis on CoCrMo alloy in vitro. Biomaterials 2012; 33:6295-304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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26
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Ciofani G, Danti S, Ricotti L, D’Alessandro D, Moscato S, Mattoli V. Applications of Piezoelectricity in Nanomedicine. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOTOXICOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-28044-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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27
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Ariza CA, Fleury AT, Tormos CJ, Petruk V, Chawla S, Oh J, Sakaguchi DS, Mallapragada SK. The influence of electric fields on hippocampal neural progenitor cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2011; 6:585-600. [PMID: 20665129 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-010-9171-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The differentiation and proliferation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs) depend on various in vivo environmental factors or cues, which may include an endogenous electrical field (EF), as observed during nervous system development and repair. In this study, we investigate the morphologic, phenotypic, and mitotic alterations of adult hippocampal NPCs that occur when exposed to two EFs of estimated endogenous strengths. NPCs treated with a 437 mV/mm direct current (DC) EF aligned perpendicularly to the EF vector and had a greater tendency to differentiate into neurons, but not into oligodendrocytes or astrocytes, compared to controls. Furthermore, NPC process growth was promoted perpendicularly and inhibited anodally in the 437 mV/mm DC EF. Yet fewer cells were observed in the DC EF, which in part was due to a decrease in cell viability. The other EF applied was a 46 mV/mm alternating current (AC) EF. However, the 46 mV/mm AC EF showed no major differences in alignment or differentiation, compared to control conditions. For both EF treatments, the percent of mitotic cells during the last 14 h of the experiment were statistically similar to controls. Reported here, to our knowledge, is the first evidence of adult NPC differentiation affected in an EF in vitro. Further investigation and application of EFs on stem cells is warranted to elucidate the utility of EFs to control phenotypic behavior. With progress, the use of EFs may be engineered to control differentiation and target the growth of transplanted cells in a stem cell-based therapy to treat nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Atico Ariza
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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28
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Ciofani G, Danti S, D'Alessandro D, Ricotti L, Moscato S, Bertoni G, Falqui A, Berrettini S, Petrini M, Mattoli V, Menciassi A. Enhancement of neurite outgrowth in neuronal-like cells following boron nitride nanotube-mediated stimulation. ACS NANO 2010; 4:6267-77. [PMID: 20925390 DOI: 10.1021/nn101985a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose an absolutely innovative technique for the electrical stimulation of cells, based on piezoelectric nanoparticles. Ultrasounds are used to impart mechanical stress to boron nitride nanotubes incubated with neuronal-like PC12 cells. By virtue of their piezoelectric properties, these nanotubes can polarize and convey electrical stimuli to the cells. PC12 stimulated with the present method exhibit neurite sprout 30% greater than the control cultures after 9 days of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Ciofani
- Italian Institute of Technology c/o Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34 Pontedera (Pisa), 56025, Italy.
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29
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Cho Y, Borgens RB. The effect of an electrically conductive carbon nanotube/collagen composite on neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 95:510-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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30
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Zhenhuan Zheng, Yujun Wei, Gan Wang, Aijun Wang Qiang Ao, Yandao Gong, Xiufang Zhang. Surface Properties of Chitosan Films Modified with Polycations and Their Effects on the Behavior of PC12 Cells. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911508099653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of composite films were prepared by blending chitosan with three polycations, poly(L-lysine), polyethyleneimine, and poly-L-ornithine, in specific blend proportions. The surface properties of the composite films, including surface topography, chemistry, and wettability, were examined by atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and contact angle assay, respectively. For all composite films, blending with different polycations produced different nanoscaled surface topographical features (particles, granules, fibers, and islands) in addition to inducing changes in surface chemistry and wettability. PC12 cells were cultured on these composite films to evaluate the effects of surface properties on cell behavior. The PC12 cell behavior was holistically affected by surface topography, chemistry, and wettability; the cells also displayed responses to surface topography. On the surfaces with fiber topographic features, the PC12 cells exhibited significantly higher levels of adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation when compared to particle, granule, or island dominant surfaces. It appears that the surface topography of chitosan and chitosan-derived materials may play an important role in regulating nerve cell behavior and that topographic modification can be utilized for the applications of chitosan and chitosan-derived materials in nerve or other tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhuan Zheng
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujun Wei
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Gan Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Aijun Wang Qiang Ao
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yandao Gong
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiufang Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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31
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Gettens RTT, Gilbert JL. Fibrinogen adsorption onto 316L stainless steel under polarized conditions. J Biomed Mater Res A 2008; 85:176-87. [PMID: 17688261 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Adsorption of the plasma protein fibrinogen onto electrically polarized 316L stainless steel was observed and quantified using both in situ and ex situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. Significant differences in fibrinogen adsorption were observed across voltages. Ex situ studies showed significantly lower area coverage (theta) and height of adsorbed Fb on cathodically polarized surfaces when compared to anodically polarized surfaces. Conformational differences in the protein may explain the distinctions in Fb surface area coverage (theta) and height between the anodic and cathodic cases. In situ studies showed significantly slower kinetics of Fb adsorption onto surfaces below -100 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl) compared to surfaces polarized above -100 mV. Electrochemical current density data showed large charge transfer processes (approximately 1 x 10(-5) to 1 x 10(-4) A/cm(2)) taking place on the 316L SS surfaces at voltages below -100 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl). These relatively large current densities point to flux of ionic species away from the surface as a major source of the reduction in adsorption kinetics rather than just hydrophilic or electrostatic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert T T Gettens
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Link Hall 121, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
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32
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MIE M, MANABE M, KOBATAKE E. Combining Electrical Stimulation and Cisplatin Treatment Increases Caspase Activity. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.76.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Satish L, Gandhi D, Rousche PJ. Preliminary study of neurite outgrowth within polyimide microtubes. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS : ... ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2007; 2004:4306-9. [PMID: 17271257 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2004.1404199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The cone electrode first developed by P.R. Kennedy paved headway in the area of cortical prostheses. While effective, to date, no optimization of the materials, length, diameter or controlling neurotrophic effects have been extensively quantified for such systems. This paper describes an in-vitro model system for the study of neurite outgrowth using PC-12 cells and an array of polyimide microtubes. Our aim is to obtain preliminary design specifications for the eventual optimization of in-vivo neurotrophic electrodes. We performed preliminary characterization of the number and average lengths of PC-12 neurites that penetrated into the tubes mounted within a standard Petri dish. To describe system performance, we observed an increase in the average number of neurites that grew into the tubes over a period of days. We also observed an increase in the average length of the neurites (with a 95% confidence) between day 3 and day 4 of between 14.97 microm and 62.27 microm. In addition, we measured a length change (with a 95% confidence) between day 4 and day 6 of 93.51 microm and 145.45 microm. These results will soon be augmented by quantification of neurites using a photo lithographically patterned glass microgroove system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Satish
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
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34
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Richardson RT, Thompson B, Moulton S, Newbold C, Lum MG, Cameron A, Wallace G, Kapsa R, Clark G, O'Leary S. The effect of polypyrrole with incorporated neurotrophin-3 on the promotion of neurite outgrowth from auditory neurons. Biomaterials 2007; 28:513-23. [PMID: 17007922 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2006] [Accepted: 09/08/2006] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This research aims to improve the nerve-electrode interface of the cochlear implant using polymer technology to encourage neuron survival, elongation and adhesion to the electrodes. Polypyrrole (Ppy) doped with p-toluene sulphonate (pTS) is an electroactive polymer into which neurotrophin-3 (NT3) can be incorporated. Ppy/pTS+/-NT3 was synthesised over gold electrodes and used as a surface for auditory neuron explant culture. Neurite outgrowth from explants grown on Ppy/pTS was equivalent to tissue culture plastic but improved with the incorporation of NT3 (Ppy/pTS/NT3). Electrical stimulation of Ppy/pTS/NT3 with a biphasic current pulse, as used in cochlear implants, significantly improved neurite outgrowth from explants. Using (125)I-NT3, it was shown that low levels of NT3 passively diffused from Ppy/pTS/NT3 during normal incubation and that electrical stimulation enhanced the release of biologically active NT3 in quantities adequate for neuron survival. Furthermore, Ppy/pTS/NT3 and its constituents were not toxic to auditory neurons and the Ppy/pTS/NT3 coating on gold electrodes did not alter impedance. If applied to the cochlear implant, Ppy/pTS/NT3 will provide a biocompatible, low-impedance substrate for storage and release of NT3 to help protect auditory neurons from degradation after sensorineural hearing loss and encourage neurite outgrowth towards the electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael T Richardson
- The Bionic Ear Institute, 384 Albert Street, East Melbourne, Vic. 3002, Australia.
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35
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Wang X, Gu X, Yuan C, Chen S, Zhang P, Zhang T, Yao J, Chen F, Chen G. Evaluation of biocompatibility of polypyrrole in vitro and in vivo. J Biomed Mater Res A 2004; 68:411-22. [PMID: 14762920 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.20065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the biocompatibility of the electrically conductive polymer polypyrrole (PPy) with nerve tissue was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The extraction solution of PPy powder, which was synthesized chemically, was tested for acute toxicity, subacute toxicity, pyretogen, quantitative measure of cell viability, hemolysis, allergen, and micronuclei. The PPy membrane was synthesized electrochemically on the indium tin oxide conductive borosilicate glass. The dorsal root ganglia from 1-3-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were cultured above PPy membrane and observed by light or scanning electron microscopy. The PPy-silicone tube (PPy membrane on the inner surface of the silicone tube) also synthesized electrochemically was used to bridge across 10-mm sciatic nerve gap in rats. Twenty-four weeks after the operation to rats, the regenerated tissues were observed by electrophysiological and histological techniques. PPy extraction solution showed no evidence of acute and subacute toxicity, pyretogen, hemolysis, allergen, and mutagenesis, and the Schwann cells from the PPy extraction solution group showed better survival rate and proliferation rate as compared with the saline solution control group. The migration of the Schwann cells and the neurite extension from dorsal root ganglia on the surface of PPy membrane-coated glass was better than those of bare glass. There was only lightly inflammation during 6 months of the postoperation, when the PPy-silicone tube bridged across the gap of the transected sciatic nerve. The regeneration of nerve tissue in the PPy-silicone tube was slightly better than that in the plain silicone tube by means of electrophysiological and histological examination. The results of this study indicate that PPy has a good biocompatibility with rat peripheral nerve tissue and that PPy might be a candidate material for bridging the peripheral nerve gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xioadong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuron Regeneration, Nantong Medical College, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China.
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Bieberich E, Anthony GE. Neuronal differentiation and synapse formation of PC12 and embryonic stem cells on interdigitated microelectrode arrays:. Biosens Bioelectron 2004; 19:923-31. [PMID: 15128112 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2003.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The development of neuron-microelectrode interfaces (neurochips) is highly desirable for the non-invasive recording of the cellular response to neuroactive drugs as well as the electrical stimulation of nervous tissue by implantable electrodes. A prerequisite for neuron-to-electrode signal transmission (NEST) is the formation of synapse-like contacts between the neuronal cell and the conductive surface of a microelectrode array. We attempted synapse formation by neuronal differentiation of rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12) and blastocyst-derived murine embryonic stem cells (ES-J1) on interdigitated microelectrode arrays that were made of gold (Au), platinum (Pt), or indium tin oxide (ITO). PC12 or ES cells were in vitro differentiated by incubation with nerve growth factor (NGF) and forskolin, or by serum deprivation and treatment with basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), respectively. On top of ITO electrodes, the neuronal cells extended extremely long processes that terminated in pili-like contact structures, which is typical for growth cone formation. ES cells differentiated into neurons as verified by immunofluorescence staining of MAP-2 and developed synapse-like junctions with the ITO electrode surface as indicated by synaptophysin staining. Differentiated PC12 and ES cells showed bona fide morphological characteristics of synaptic growth cones that were unprecedented in tissue culture. Cones formed by PC12 cells could be stimulated with KCI and carbachol as shown by uptake of FM1-43, a fluorescent marker for synaptic vesicle formation. In contrast to Electrical Cell Impedance Spectroscopy (ECIS) recordings, AC impedance spectrometry with differentiated PC12 cells settled on interdigitated microelectrode arrays revealed lower AC impedance than that with undifferentiated cells, indicating that the complex impedance is dependent on ion fluxes at the neuron-to-electrode contact surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhard Bieberich
- Center for Bioelectronics, Biosensors and Biochips (C3B), Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 843038, 601 West Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284-3038, USA
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Lee SJ, Khang G, Lee YM, Lee HB. The effect of surface wettability on induction and growth of neurites from the PC-12 cell on a polymer surface. J Colloid Interface Sci 2003; 259:228-35. [PMID: 16256501 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9797(02)00163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2002] [Accepted: 11/20/2002] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Surface properties of polymeric devices that are used to regenerate nervous damage are a point to be considered for axon regeneration in nerve system. In our previous studies, we prepared a wettability gradient on polyethylene (PE) surfaces using a corona discharge treatment from a knife-type electrode whose power increases gradually along the sample length. The PE surfaces were oxidized gradually with increasing power. The effect of surface wettability on the different types of cells has an important role for cell adhesion and proliferation. The purpose of this study is to investigate neurite formation on polymer surfaces with different wettability. Induction and growth of neurites from the rat pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells attached on the polymer surfaces with different hydrophilicity were investigated using the wettability gradient PE surfaces prepared by a corona discharge treatment. Neurites were investigated for number and length of neurites in terms of surface wettability. It was observed that neurite formation of PC-12 cells was increased more onto the positions with moderate hydrophilicity of the wettability gradient surface than onto the more hydrophobic or hydrophilic positions. From those results, it could be assumed that initial adhesion of PC-12 cells was caused by more calf serum (CS) protein than nerve growth factor (NGF), whereas the neurite formation of PC-12 cells was caused by more NGF than CS protein. It follows from what has been said thus far that PC-12 cells are a differentiated neuronal phenotype with a long neurite at around the position 2.5 cm (water contact angle of about 55 deg). In conclusion, surface wettability plays an important role for neurite formation on the polymer surfaces for axon regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Jin Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang Dong, Seongdong Ku, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
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Yanagida Y, Mizuno A, Motegi T, Kobatake E, Aizawa M. Electrically stimulated induction of hsp70 gene expression in mouse astroglia and fibroblast cells. J Biotechnol 2000; 79:53-61. [PMID: 10817341 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1656(00)00214-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mouse astroglial cells, which were cultured on an electrode, were found responsive to an electric stimulation of sine wave potential in enhancing hsp70 mRNA resulting from an activation of hsp70 gene expression. On the basis of this finding, electrically responsive cells were established by transfecting mouse 3T3-L1 cells with a constructed plasmid encoding hsp70 promoter and the firefly luciferase gene. A stable cell line has been established through selection of heat-stimulated luciferase expression. A 1-h electric stimulation of the cells resulted in activation of luciferase expression, which was confirmed to produce an increase in light emission. The sequential pattern of the electrically stimulated expression of luciferase was found different from that of the heat stimulation. Furthermore, the promoter was activated depending on the potential and duration of the stimulation applied. Consequently, the electric stimulation has proven effective on activating hspP70 promoter. This cell line is feasible in expressing the gene of interest by electrical stimulation, which lead us to construct environment responsive cells in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yanagida
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Yokohama, Japan
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AIZAWA M, KOYAMA S, KIMURA K, HARUYAMA T, YANAGIDA Y, KOBATAKE E. Electrically Stimulated Modulation of Cellular Function in Proliferation, Differentiation, and Gene Expression. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 1999. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.67.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Masuo AIZAWA
- Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | | | - Keisei KIMURA
- Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | | | | | - Eiry KOBATAKE
- Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology
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