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Chevet E, Pedeux R, Lotersztajn S. AJP-Cell Physiology begins a theme series on the control of the proteostasis network in health and diseases. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 311:C163-5. [PMID: 27225658 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00130.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Chevet
- Inserm ERL440, "Oncogenesis, Stress, Signaling," Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France; and
| | - Remy Pedeux
- Inserm ERL440, "Oncogenesis, Stress, Signaling," Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France; and
| | - Sophie Lotersztajn
- Inserm U1149, Center for Research on Inflammation, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
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Hussain R, Shahror R, Karpati F, Roomans GM. Glucocorticoids can affectPseudomonas aeruginosa(ATCC 27853) internalization and intracellular calcium concentration in cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial cells. Exp Lung Res 2015; 41:383-92. [DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2015.1046199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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3
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Hussain S, Varelogianni G, Särndahl E, Roomans GM. N-acetylcysteine and azithromycin affect the innate immune response in cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial cells in vitro. Exp Lung Res 2014; 41:251-60. [DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2014.934411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Jankowiak A, Obijalska E, Kaszynski P. Cyclization of substitued 2-(2-fluorophenylazo)azines to azino[1,2-c]benzo[d][1,2,4]triazinium derivatives. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:1873-80. [PMID: 24062855 PMCID: PMC3778383 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-induced cyclization of several substituted 2-(2-fluorophenylazo)azines in the presence of Ca2+ ions to the corresponding triazinium derivatives is investigated experimentally and computationally. The azo derivatives of 4-methylpyridine 4 undergo facile cyclization to the corresponding triazinium 1, and the rate of cyclization increases with increasing number of fluorine atoms at the benzene ring. No triazinium ions were obtained from azo derivatives of 4-cyanopyridine, pyrazine and pyrimidine, presumably due to their instability under the reaction conditions. The experimental results and mechanism are discussed with the aid of DFT computational results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Jankowiak
- Organic Materials Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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Varelogianni G, Hussain R, Strid H, Oliynyk I, Roomans GM, Johannesson M. The effect of ambroxol on chloride transport, CFTR and ENaC in cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells. Cell Biol Int 2013; 37:1149-56. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Varelogianni
- School of Medicine, Örebro University; University Hospital, Clinical Research Centre; SE-70185; Örebro; Sweden
| | - Rashida Hussain
- School of Medicine, Örebro University; University Hospital, Clinical Research Centre; SE-70185; Örebro; Sweden
| | - Hilja Strid
- School of Medicine, Örebro University; University Hospital, Clinical Research Centre; SE-70185; Örebro; Sweden
| | - Igor Oliynyk
- School of Medicine, Örebro University; University Hospital, Clinical Research Centre; SE-70185; Örebro; Sweden
| | - Godfried M. Roomans
- School of Medicine, Örebro University; University Hospital, Clinical Research Centre; SE-70185; Örebro; Sweden
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Jankowiak A, Obijalska E, Kaszynski P, Pieczonka A, Young VG. Synthesis and structural, spectroscopic, and electrochemical characterization of benzo[c]quinolizinium and its 5-aza-, 6-aza, and 5,6-diaza analogues. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Canani RB, Costanzo MD, Leone L, Pedata M, Meli R, Calignano A. Potential beneficial effects of butyrate in intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17:1519-28. [PMID: 21472114 PMCID: PMC3070119 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i12.1519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 803] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 01/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The multiple beneficial effects on human health of the short-chain fatty acid butyrate, synthesized from non-absorbed carbohydrate by colonic microbiota, are well documented. At the intestinal level, butyrate plays a regulatory role on the transepithelial fluid transport, ameliorates mucosal inflammation and oxidative status, reinforces the epithelial defense barrier, and modulates visceral sensitivity and intestinal motility. In addition, a growing number of studies have stressed the role of butyrate in the prevention and inhibition of colorectal cancer. At the extraintestinal level, butyrate exerts potentially useful effects on many conditions, including hemoglobinopathies, genetic metabolic diseases, hypercholesterolemia, insulin resistance, and ischemic stroke. The mechanisms of action of butyrate are different; many of these are related to its potent regulatory effects on gene expression. These data suggest a wide spectrum of positive effects exerted by butyrate, with a high potential for a therapeutic use in human medicine.
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Gomes-Alves P, Penque D. Proteomics uncovering possible key players in F508del-CFTR processing and trafficking. Expert Rev Proteomics 2010; 7:487-94. [PMID: 20653505 DOI: 10.1586/epr.10.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The achievement and maintenance of a protein native conformation is a very complex cellular process involving a multitude of key factors whose contribution to a successful folding remains to be elucidated. On top of this, it is known that correct folding is crucial for proteins to play their normal role and, consequently, for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis or proteostasis. If the folding process is affected, the protein is unable to achieve its native conformation, compromising its life and function, and a pathological condition may arise. Protein-misfolding diseases are characterized by either formation of protein aggregates that are toxic to the cell (gain-of-toxic-function diseases) or by an incorrect processing of proteins, which leads to a deficiency in protein activity (loss-of-function diseases). In this article we have focused on proteomics advances in the molecular knowledge of protein-misfolding diseases with direct impact on possible key players in F508del-CFTR processing and trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Gomes-Alves
- Laboratório de Proteómica, Departamento de Genética, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge (INSA, I.P.), Av. Padre Cruz, Lisboa, Portugal
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Congenital diarrheal disorders: improved understanding of gene defects is leading to advances in intestinal physiology and clinical management. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2010; 50:360-6. [PMID: 20216094 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0b013e3181d135ef] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Congenital diarrheal disorders (CDD, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man [OMIM] 251850) represent one of the most challenging clinical conditions for pediatric gastroenterologists because of the severity of the clinical picture and the broad range of disorders in its differential diagnosis. The number of conditions included within CDD has gradually increased. Recent advances made in the pathophysiology of these conditions have led to a better understanding of the more common diarrheal diseases. Based on the body of data accumulated in recent years, we suggest that CDD be classified in 4 categories depending on the alteration in absorption and transport of nutrients and electrolytes, enterocyte differentiation and polarization, enteroendocrine cell differentiation, and modulation of the intestinal immune response. Our knowledge of the genes responsible for CDD is also rapidly increasing, thanks to linkage studies based on genome-wide analysis of polymorphisms. In this context, the identification of disease genes is a step forward in the diagnostic approach to a patient in whom CDD is strongly suspected. However, it is conceivable that faster, less expensive molecular procedures will, in the near future, become available. This approach could spare the patient invasive procedures and limit complications associated with a delay in diagnosis. Furthermore, carrier and prenatal molecular diagnosis may help pediatricians better manage the condition in the early stages of life.
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Blé FX, Schmidt P, Cannet C, Kneuer R, Karmouty-Quintana H, Bergmann R, Coote K, Danahay H, Zurbruegg S, Gremlich HU, Beckmann N. In vivo
assessments of mucus dynamics in the rat lung using a Gd-Cy5.5-bilabeled contrast agent for magnetic resonance and optical imaging. Magn Reson Med 2009; 62:1164-74. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Cushing PR, Fellows A, Villone D, Boisguérin P, Madden DR. The relative binding affinities of PDZ partners for CFTR: a biochemical basis for efficient endocytic recycling. Biochemistry 2008; 47:10084-98. [PMID: 18754678 DOI: 10.1021/bi8003928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is an epithelial chloride channel mutated in patients with cystic fibrosis. Its expression and functional interactions in the apical membrane are regulated by several PDZ (PSD-95, discs large, zonula occludens-1) proteins, which mediate protein-protein interactions, typically by binding C-terminal recognition motifs. In particular, the CFTR-associated ligand (CAL) limits cell-surface levels of the most common disease-associated mutant DeltaF508-CFTR. CAL also mediates degradation of wild-type CFTR, targeting it to lysosomes following endocytosis. Nevertheless, wild-type CFTR survives numerous cycles of uptake and recycling. In doing so, how does it repeatedly avoid CAL-mediated degradation? One mechanism may involve competition between CAL and other PDZ proteins including Na (+)/H (+) exchanger-3 regulatory factors 1 and 2 (NHERF1 and NHERF2), which functionally stabilize cell-surface CFTR. Thus, to understand the biochemical basis of WT-CFTR persistence, we need to know the relative affinities of these partners. However, no quantitative binding data are available for CAL or the individual NHERF2 PDZ domains, and published estimates for the NHERF1 PDZ domains conflict. Here we demonstrate that the affinity of the CAL PDZ domain for the CFTR C-terminus is much weaker than those of NHERF1 and NHERF2 domains, enabling wild-type CFTR to avoid premature entrapment in the lysosomal pathway. At the same time, CAL's affinity is evidently sufficient to capture and degrade more rapidly cycling mutants, such as DeltaF508-CFTR. The relatively weak affinity of the CAL:CFTR interaction may provide a pharmacological window for stabilizing rescued DeltaF508-CFTR in patients with cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick R Cushing
- Department of Biochemistry, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
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Abstract
CF is an inherited autosomal recessive disease whose lethality arises from malfunction of CFTR, a single chloride (Cl-) ion channel protein. CF patients harbor mutations in the CFTR gene that lead to misfolding of the resulting CFTR protein, rendering it inactive and mislocalized. Hundreds of CF-related mutations have been identified, many of which abrogate CFTR folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). More than 70% of patients harbor the ΔF508 CFTR mutation that causes misfolding of the CFTR proteins. Consequently, mutant CFTR is unable to reach the apical plasma membrane of epithelial cells that line the lungs and gut, and is instead targeted for degradation by the UPS. Proteins located in both the cytoplasm and ER membrane are believed to identify misfolded CFTR for UPS-mediated degradation. The aberrantly folded CFTR protein then undergoes polyubiquitylation, carried out by an E1-E2-E3 ubiquitin ligase system, leading to degradation by the 26S proteasome. This ubiquitin-dependent loss of misfolded CFTR protein can be inhibited by the application of ‘corrector’ drugs that aid CFTR folding, shielding it from the UPS machinery. Corrector molecules elevate cellular CFTR protein levels by protecting the protein from degradation and aiding folding, promoting its maturation and localization to the apical plasma membrane. Combinatory application of corrector drugs with activator molecules that enhance CFTR Cl- ion channel activity offers significant potential for treatment of CF patients. Publication history: Republished from Current BioData's Targeted Proteins database (TPdb; ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Turnbull
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, 526 Taylor Hall, Mason Farm Road, UNC-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
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Carvalho-Oliveira I, Scholte BJ, Penque D. What have we learned from mouse models for cystic fibrosis? Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2007; 7:407-17. [PMID: 17620048 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.7.4.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Genetically modified mouse strains are important research tools for the study of numerous human diseases. These models provide us with differentiated tissues, which are not often available from human sources. Furthermore, they allow for testing the effects of genetic manipulation and experimental therapeutics on physiology and pathology. Their importance relies on the assumption that biological processes in the mouse very closely resemble those in humans. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal genetic disease in the Caucasian population. CF is a monogenic disease whose phenotype variability is also attributed to genetic variation in other genes, the so-called modifier genes. Modulation of such modifier genes could be a therapeutic strategy to treat CF. CF mice models have been essential not only for understanding the disease better, but also for the discovery of modifier genes and testing of chemical compounds developed to repair the main protein dysfunction in CF, the CF transmembrane conductance regulator. Mice were also indispensable in gene therapy trials and for the study of CF and non-CF lung response to bacterial infections and inflammation challenges, although no spontaneous lung disease is developed in these mice. In this review, mouse models and their most important contribution to the understanding and management of CF will be presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Carvalho-Oliveira
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Laboratório de Proteómica, Centro de Genética Humana, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Servetnyk Z, Roomans GM. Chloride transport in NCL-SG3 sweat gland cells: Channels involved. Exp Mol Pathol 2007; 83:47-53. [PMID: 17383636 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2007.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2006] [Revised: 01/22/2007] [Accepted: 02/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess whether NCL-SG3, the only immortalized sweat gland cell line available, can be used as an in vitro model to study chloride ion transport in cultured sweat gland cells. Cl(-) efflux was measured using the MQAE dye fluorescence technique after stimulating the cells with different agonists. A significant stimulation of chloride efflux was achieved with the calcium ionophore A23187 resulting in an efflux rate of 0.9 mM/s. Both ATP and UTP activated chloride efflux in these cells, with the ATP response being larger. IBMX and forskolin stimulation did not induce a rate of chloride efflux above the basal level. Immunocytochemistry showed no detectable CFTR in NCL-SG3 cells. This finding was confirmed with flow cytometry analysis. Niflumic acid (20 and 100 microM NFA) and 4,4'-diisothiocyanatodihydrostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (H2DIDS) (100 ìM) decreased the rate of ATP-stimulated chloride efflux significantly (0.40 and 0.31 mM/s with NFA, 0.37 mM/s with H2DIDS). Gadolinium (20 ìM) had no effect on the chloride transport rate. In conclusion, the NCL-SG3 cells retain some of the aspects of human sweat gland epithelium, such as the ability to form cell-cell contacts. The CFTR protein is neither functional nor expressed in cultured NCL-SG3 sweat gland cells. Ca(2+)-activated chloride conductance is confirmed and the putative Ca(2+)-activated chloride channel (CaCC) is further characterized in term of its pharmacological sensitivity. The NCL-SG3 sweat gland cell line can be used to investigate the characteristics of the CaCC and to identify the channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Servetnyk
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Sampathkumar SG, Jones MB, Meledeo MA, Campbell CT, Choi SS, Hida K, Gomutputra P, Sheh A, Gilmartin T, Head SR, Yarema KJ. Targeting glycosylation pathways and the cell cycle: sugar-dependent activity of butyrate-carbohydrate cancer prodrugs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 13:1265-75. [PMID: 17185222 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2006.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2006] [Revised: 09/26/2006] [Accepted: 09/27/2006] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-carbohydrate hybrid molecules that target both histone deacetylation and glycosylation pathways to achieve sugar-dependent activity against cancer cells are described in this article. Specifically, n-butyrate esters of N-acetyl-D-mannosamine (But4ManNAc, 1) induced apoptosis, whereas corresponding N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (But4GlcNAc, 2), D-mannose (But5Man, 3), or glycerol (tributryin, 4) derivatives only provided transient cell cycle arrest. Western blots, reporter gene assays, and cell cycle analysis established that n-butyrate, when delivered to cells via any carbohydrate scaffold, functioned as a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), upregulated p21WAF1/Cip1 expression, and inhibited proliferation. However, only 1, a compound that primed sialic acid biosynthesis and modulated the expression of a different set of genes compared to 3, ultimately killed the cells. These results demonstrate that the biological activity of butyrate can be tuned by sugars to improve its anticancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa-Gopalan Sampathkumar
- Whiting School of Engineering, Clark Hall 106A, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Is Intervention in Inositol Phosphate Signaling a Useful Therapeutic Option for Cystic Fibrosis? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/0-387-23250-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Döring G, Elborn JS, Johannesson M, de Jonge H, Griese M, Smyth A, Heijerman H. Clinical trials in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2007; 6:85-99. [PMID: 17350898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2007.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2007] [Accepted: 02/07/2007] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), clinical trials are of paramount importance. Here, the current status of drug development in CF is discussed and future directions highlighted. Methods for pre-clinical testing of drugs with potential activity in CF patients including relevant animal models are described. Study design options for phase II and phase III studies involving CF patients are provided, including required patient numbers, safety issues and surrogate end point parameters for drugs, tested for different disease manifestations. Finally, regulatory issues for licensing new therapies for CF patients are discussed, including new directives of the European Union and the structure of a European clinical trial network for clinical studies involving CF patients is proposed.
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Büscher R, Grasemann H. Disease modifying genes in cystic fibrosis: therapeutic option or one-way road? Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2006; 374:65-77. [PMID: 17033796 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-006-0101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2006] [Accepted: 07/27/2006] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common genetic disease among Caucasians and is caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. CF affects multiple organs but lung disease is the major determinant for morbidity and mortality. Many studies have focussed on the correlation between CFTR genotype and severity of disease. Since patients with identical CFTR mutations often show considerable variability in disease progression, genes other than CFTR are thought to have the potential to modify the course of lung disease in CF patients. Therefore, identification of CF-modifying genes has become the goal of several studies over the last 15 years. Pharmaceutical approaches for CF lung disease have been developed regardless of the underlying genetic defect and in general target symptoms such as airway obstruction and treatment of bacterial infection. Analysing the pathophysiological processes of modifiers may lead to the discovery of pathways involved in CF pathophysiology and possibly to the design of new therapeutics. The purpose of this review is not only to list potential CFTR modifier genes, but also to discuss new therapeutic strategies that could be derived from knowledge of these CF modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Büscher
- Department of Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen, Germany.
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Scholte BJ, Colledge WH, Wilke M, de Jonge H. Cellular and animal models of cystic fibrosis, tools for drug discovery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ddmod.2006.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Guggino WB, Stanton BA. New insights into cystic fibrosis: molecular switches that regulate CFTR. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2006; 7:426-36. [PMID: 16723978 DOI: 10.1038/nrm1949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a Cl(-)-selective ion channel, is a prototypic member of the ATP-binding cassette transporter superfamily that is expressed in several organs. In these organs, CFTR assembles into large, dynamic macromolecular complexes that contain signalling molecules, kinases, transport proteins, PDZ-domain-containing proteins, myosin motors, Rab GTPases, and SNAREs. Understanding how these complexes regulate the intracellular trafficking and activity of CFTR provides a unique insight into the aetiology of cystic fibrosis and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B Guggino
- Department of Physiology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Nguyen TD, Kim US, Perrine SP. Novel short chain fatty acids restore chloride secretion in cystic fibrosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 342:245-52. [PMID: 16472777 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.01.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2006] [Accepted: 01/26/2006] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Phenylalanine deletion at position 508 of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (DeltaF508-CFTR), the most common mutation in cystic fibrosis (CF), causes a misfolded protein exhibiting partial chloride conductance and impaired trafficking to the plasma membrane. 4-Phenylbutyrate corrects defective DeltaF508-CFTR trafficking in vitro, but is not clinically efficacious. From a panel of short chain fatty acid derivatives, we showed that 2,2-dimethyl-butyrate (ST20) and alpha-methylhydrocinnamic acid (ST7), exhibiting high oral bioavailability and sustained plasma levels, correct the DeltaF508-CFTR defect. Pre-incubation (>or=6h) of CF IB3-1 airway cells with >or=1mM ST7 or ST20 restored the ability of 100microM forskolin to stimulate an (125)I(-) efflux. This efflux was fully inhibited by NPPB, DPC, or glibenclamide, suggesting mediation through CFTR. Partial inhibition by DIDS suggests possible contribution from an additional Cl(-) channel regulated by CFTR. Thus, ST7 and ST20 offer treatment potential for CF caused by the DeltaF508 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toan D Nguyen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington and VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.
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Büscher R, Hoerning A, Patel HH, Zhang S, Arthur DB, Grasemann H, Ratjen F, Insel PA. P2Y2 receptor polymorphisms and haplotypes in cystic fibrosis and their impact on Ca2+ influx. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2006; 16:199-205. [PMID: 16495779 DOI: 10.1097/01.fpc.0000189798.11468.6a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Activation of P2Y2 receptors in airway epithelia by ATP and UTP stimulates a Ca2+-regulated Cl- channel, which regulates Cl- secretion in cystic fibrosis (CF). We hypothesized that genetic alterations in the P2Y2 receptor may act as disease modifiers in CF and thus analyzed the coding region of this gene for polymorphisms in 146 CF patients and 64 healthy controls. We also assessed the impact of the genetic variants on Ca2+-influx of P2Y2-null cells transfected with several P2Y2 receptor haplotypes. RESULTS We identified three frequent nonsynonymous P2Y2 receptor polymorphisms: Leu46Pro; Arg312Ser and Arg334Cys, of which only Arg312Ser was significantly more common in CF: Arg = 0.80, Ser = 0.20 (CF) vs. Arg = 0.72, Ser = 0.28 (controls), P < 0.05; for Leu46Pro, Leu = 0.92, Pro = 0.08 (CF) vs. Leu = 0.96, Pro = 0.04 (controls), P = 0.65 and for Arg334Cys, Arg = 0.79, Cys = 0.21 (CF) vs. Arg = 0.84, Cys = 0.16 (controls), P = 0.79. The most frequent haplotype was Leu46Leu/Arg312Arg/Arg334Arg (28% in CF, 31% in controls) but 6% of CF patients and none of the controls had Leu46Leu/Ser312Ser/Arg334Cys or Leu46Leu/Arg312Arg/Cys334Cys. To assess function of the receptor haplotypes, we stably transfected 1321N1 (P2Y-null) cells to similar levels of mRNA expression with Leu46Leu/Arg312Arg/Arg334Arg (wild-type), Leu46Leu/Ser312Ser/Arg334Arg and Leu46Leu/Arg312Arg/Cys334Cys and measured ATP-stimulated transient Ca2+-influx. Cells expressing the homozygous Cys334 variant had significantly increased Ca2+-influx compared to wild-type (P<0.01). The increase in Ca2+-influx was more pronounced in cells carrying the homozygous Ser312 variant than in cells with the other two genotypes (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that P2Y2 receptor gene haplotypes influence intracellular Ca2+-release. Such genetic variants might therefore represent modifiers of Cl- secretion or of response to P2Y2 agonist therapy in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Büscher
- Department of Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany.
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Ehrhardt C, Collnot EM, Baldes C, Becker U, Laue M, Kim KJ, Lehr CM. Towards an in vitro model of cystic fibrosis small airway epithelium: characterisation of the human bronchial epithelial cell line CFBE41o-. Cell Tissue Res 2005; 323:405-15. [PMID: 16249874 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-005-0062-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2004] [Accepted: 07/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The CFBE41o- cell line was generated by transformation of cystic fibrosis (CF) tracheo-bronchial cells with SV40 and has been reported to be homozygous for the DeltaF508 mutation. A systematic characterisation of these cells, which however, is a pre-requisite for their use as an in vitro model, has not been undertaken so far. Here, we report an assessment of optimal culture conditions, the expression pattern of drug-transport-related proteins and the stability/presence of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutation in the gene and gene product over multiple passages. The CFBE41o- cell line was also compared with a wild-type airway epithelial cell line, 16HBE14o-, which served as model for bronchial epithelial cells in situ. The CFBE41o- cell line retains at least some aspects of human CF bronchial epithelial cells, such as the ability to form electrically tight cell layers with functional cell-cell contacts, when grown under immersed (but not air-interfaced) culture conditions. The cell line is homozygous for DeltaF508-CFTR over multiple passages in culture and expresses a number of proteins relevant for pulmonary drug absorption (e.g. P-gp, LRP and caveolin-1). Hence, the CFBE41o- cell line should be useful for studies of CF gene transfer or alternative treatment with small drug molecules and for the gathering of further information about the disease at the cellular level, without the need for primary culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Ehrhardt
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
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Ito K, Suzuki H, Horie T, Sugiyama Y. Apical/Basolateral Surface Expression of Drug Transporters and its Role in Vectorial Drug Transport. Pharm Res 2005; 22:1559-77. [PMID: 16180115 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-005-6810-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2005] [Accepted: 06/21/2005] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that transporter proteins play a key role in governing drug absorption, distribution, and elimination in the body, and, accordingly, they are now considered as causes of drug-drug interactions and interindividual differences in pharmacokinetic profiles. Polarized tissues directly involved in drug disposition (intestine, kidney, and liver) and restricted distribution to naive sanctuaries (blood-tissue barriers) asymmetrically express a variety of drug transporters on the apical and basolateral sides, resulting in vectorial drug transport. For example, the organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) family on the sinusoidal (basolateral) membrane and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2/ABCC2) on the apical bile canalicular membrane of hepatocytes take up and excrete organic anionic compounds from blood to bile. Such vectorial transcellular transport is fundamentally attributable to the asymmetrical distribution of transporter molecules in polarized cells. Besides the apical/basolateral sorting direction, distribution of the transporter protein between the membrane surface (active site) and the intracellular fraction (inactive site) is of practical importance for the quantitative evaluation of drug transport processes. The most characterized drug transporter associated with this issue is MRP2 on the hepatocyte canalicular (apical) membrane, and it is linked to a genetic disease. Dubin-Johnson syndrome is sometimes caused by impaired canalicular surface expression of MRP2 by a single amino acid substitution. Moreover, single nucleotide polymorphisms in OATP-C/SLC21A6 (SLCO1B1) also affect membrane surface expression, and actually lead to the altered pharmacokinetic profile of pravastatin in healthy subjects. In this review article, the asymmetrical transporter distribution and altered surface expression in polarized tissues are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kousei Ito
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
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Abstract
We investigated the effects of 5,6-dichloro-1-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one(DCEBIO) on the Cl- secretory response of the mouse jejunum using the Ussing short-circuit current (Isc) technique. DCEBIO stimulated a concentration-dependent, sustained increase in Isc (EC50 41 +/- 1 microM). Pretreating tissues with 0.25 microM forskolin reduced the concentration-dependent increase in Isc by DCEBIO and increased the EC50 (53 +/- 5 microM). Bumetanide blocked (82 +/- 5%) the DCEBIO-stimulated Isc consistent with Cl- secretion. DCEBIO was a more potent stimulator of Cl- secretion than its parent molecule, 1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolinone. Glibenclamide or NPPB reduced the DCEBIO-stimulated Isc by >80% indicating the participation of CFTR in the DCEBIO-stimulated Isc response. Clotrimazole reduced DCEBIO-stimulated Isc by 67 +/- 15%, suggesting the participation of the intermediate conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel (IKCa) in the DCEBIO-activated Isc response. In the presence of maximum forskolin (10 microM), the DCEBIO response was reduced and biphasic, reaching a peak response of the change in Isc of 43 +/- 5 microA/cm2 and then falling to a steady-state response of 17 +/- 10 microA/cm2 compared with DCEBIO control tissues (61 +/- 6 microA/cm2). The forskolin-stimulated Isc in the presence of DCEBIO was reduced compared with forskolin control tissues. Similar results were observed with DCEBIO and 8-BrcAMP where adenylate cyclase was bypassed. H89, a PKA inhibitor, reduced the DCEBIO-activated Isc, providing evidence that DCEBIO increased Cl- secretion via a cAMP/PKA-dependent manner. These data suggest that DCEBIO stimulates Cl- secretion of the mouse jejunum and that DCEBIO targets components of the Cl- secretory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk L Hamilton
- Dept. of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Univ. of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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Pickering SJ, Minger SL, Patel M, Taylor H, Black C, Burns CJ, Ekonomou A, Braude PR. Generation of a human embryonic stem cell line encoding the cystic fibrosis mutation deltaF508, using preimplantation genetic diagnosis. Reprod Biomed Online 2005; 10:390-7. [PMID: 15820050 DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61801-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem (hES) cells are pluripotent cells isolated from early human embryos. They can be grown in vitro and made to differentiate into many different cell types. These properties have suggested that they may be useful in cell replacement therapy for many degenerative diseases. However, if hES cells could also be manufactured with mutations significant in human disease, they could provide a powerful in-vitro tool for modelling disease processes and progression in a number of different cell types, as well as providing an ideal system for studying in-vitro toxicity and efficacy of drugs and other therapeutic systems such as gene therapy. Embryos with such mutations are generated as part of routine genetic testing during preimplantation genetic diagnosis, providing the opportunity to generate cell lines with significant mutations. A human embryonic stem cell line homozygous for the most common mutation leading to cystic fibrosis in humans (delta F508) has been generated and characterized. This cell line has the same morphology and expresses proteins typical of other unaffected hES cell lines. This cell line represents an important in-vitro tool for understanding the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis, and presents exciting opportunities to test the efficacy and toxicity of new therapies relevant to CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Pickering
- Department of Women's Health, GKT School of Medicine, 10th Floor, North Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK.
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Taguchi N, Niisato N, Sawabe Y, Miyazaki H, Hirai Y, Marunaka Y. Benzamil, a blocker of epithelial Na(+) channel-induced upregulation of artery oxygen pressure level in acute lung injury rabbit ventilated with high frequency oscillation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 327:915-9. [PMID: 15649432 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.12.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial Na(+) transport via an epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC) expressed in the lung epithelium would play a key role in recovery from lung edema at acute lung injury by removing the fluid in lung luminal space. The lung edema causes dysfunction of gas exchange, decreasing oxygen pressure level of artery [P(aO(2))]. To study if ENaC plays a key role in recovering P(aO(2)) from a decreased level to a normal one in acute lung injury, we applied benzamil (20microM, a specific blocker of ENaC) to the lung luminal space in acute lung injury treated with high frequency oscillation ventilation (HFOV) that is a lung-protective ventilation with a lower tidal volume and a smaller pressure swing than conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV). Benzamil facilitated the recovery of P(aO(2)) in acutely injured lung with HFOV but not CMV. The observation suggests that in acutely injured lung treated with HFOV an ENaC blocker, benzamil, can be applied as a therapeutic drug for acute lung injury combing with HFOV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuko Taguchi
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
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Dragomir A, Björstad J, Hjelte L, Roomans GM. Curcumin does not stimulate cAMP-mediated chloride transport in cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 322:447-51. [PMID: 15325250 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.07.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that curcumin and other sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-pump inhibitors could correct the defect in the most common mutation (DeltaF508) in cystic fibrosis (CF), and restore normal chloride transport. In the present study, the effect of curcumin was tested on baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells transfected with DeltaF508-CFTR, a CF airway epithelial cell line (CFBE), and cells isolated from the nasal epithelium of CF-patient homozygous for the DeltaF508-mutation. Curcumin had a small effect on basal (non-CFTR-mediated) chloride efflux in CFBE and CF nasal epithelial cells, but did not increase the net cAMP-activated (CFTR-mediated) chloride efflux. Curcumin caused a small increase in net cAMP-activated chloride efflux from DeltaF508-CFTR BHK cells. Immunocytochemical analysis failed to show significant movement of DeltaF508-CFTR to the plasma membrane in DeltaF508-CFTR BHK cells or CFBE cells. It is concluded that it is unlikely that curcumin has a significant positive effect on CFTR-mediated chloride transport in airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Dragomir
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Uppsala, Box 571, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Dragomir A, Roomans GM. Increased chloride efflux in colchicine-resistant airway epithelial cell lines. Biochem Pharmacol 2004; 68:253-61. [PMID: 15193997 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2004.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2003] [Accepted: 03/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Colchicine has been proposed as a treatment to alleviate chronic lung inflammation in cystic fibrosis patients and clinical trials are ongoing. Our aim was to investigate whether chronic exposure of cystic fibrosis cells to colchicine can affect their ability to transport chloride in response to cAMP. Colchicine-resistant cells were selected by growing in medium containing nanomolar concentrations of the drug. While microtubuli were affected by acute exposure to colchicine, they appeared normal in colchicine-resistant cells. Colchicine-resistant clones had higher expression of multidrug resistance proteins compared to untreated cells. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) labelling by immunocytochemistry showed no significant changes. The intracellular chloride concentration and basal chloride efflux of the cystic fibrosis treated cells increased significantly compared with untreated cells, while for the cAMP-stimulated Cl-efflux there was no significant change. The results suggest that colchicine promotes chloride efflux via alternative chloride channels. Since this is an accepted strategy for pharmacological treatment of cystic fibrosis, the results strengthen the notion that colchicine would be beneficial to these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Dragomir
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, University of Uppsala, Box 571, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most-common lethal hereditary disease in the white population, is caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. The mutation that is most frequently responsible for the disease, DeltaF508, causes misfolding and retention of the CFTR protein in the endoplasmic reticulum. This leads to a series of cellular dysfunctions and results in a multi-organ disease. In a recent report, Egan et al.(1) demonstrated that curcumin, a non-toxic natural product and major constituent of turmeric spice, corrected the CF defects in DeltaF508 CF mice. This paper aroused a lot of attention and hopes were raised that curcumin might produce similar effects in human, giving an efficient treatment for most CF patients. However, skepticism is growing since subsequent studies fail to reproduce these initial exciting results. Thus, although herbal medicines and dietary supplements can be desirable alternatives to classical pharmacological compounds, their efficacy needs careful evaluation both in vivo and ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Mall
- Department of Pediatrics III, University of Heidelberg, Germany
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