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Duan N, Hua Y, Yan X, He Y, Zeng T, Gong J, Fu Z, Li W, Yin Y. Unveiling Alterations of Epigenetic Modifications and Chromatin Architecture Leading to Lipid Metabolic Reprogramming during the Evolutionary Trastuzumab Adaptation of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309424. [PMID: 38460162 PMCID: PMC11095153 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Secondary trastuzumab resistance represents an evolutionary adaptation of HER2-positive breast cancer during anti-HER2 treatment. Most current studies have tended to prioritize HER2 and its associated signaling pathways, often overlooking broader but seemingly less relevant cellular processes, along with their associated genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Here, transcriptome data is not only characterized but also examined epigenomic and 3D genome architecture information in both trastuzumab-sensitive and secondary-resistant breast cancer cells. The findings reveal that the global metabolic reprogramming associated with trastuzumab resistance may stem from genome-wide alterations in both histone modifications and chromatin structure. Specifically, the transcriptional activities of key genes involved in lipid metabolism appear to be regulated by variant promoter H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 modifications, as well as promoter-enhancer interactions. These discoveries offer valuable insights into how cancer cells adapt to anti-tumor drugs and have the potential to impact future diagnostic and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningjun Duan
- Department of oncologyFirst affiliation hospital of Nanjing medical universityNanjing210029China
| | - Yijia Hua
- Department of oncologyFirst affiliation hospital of Nanjing medical universityNanjing210029China
| | - Xueqi Yan
- Department of oncologyFirst affiliation hospital of Nanjing medical universityNanjing210029China
| | - Yaozhou He
- Department of oncologyFirst affiliation hospital of Nanjing medical universityNanjing210029China
| | - Tianyu Zeng
- Department of oncologyFirst affiliation hospital of Nanjing medical universityNanjing210029China
| | - Jue Gong
- Department of oncologyFirst affiliation hospital of Nanjing medical universityNanjing210029China
| | - Ziyi Fu
- Department of oncologyFirst affiliation hospital of Nanjing medical universityNanjing210029China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of oncologyFirst affiliation hospital of Nanjing medical universityNanjing210029China
| | - Yongmei Yin
- Department of oncologyFirst affiliation hospital of Nanjing medical universityNanjing210029China
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Ge LL, Wang ZC, Wei CJ, Huang JX, Liu J, Gu YH, Wang W, Li QF. Unraveling intratumoral complexity in metastatic dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans through single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:4415-4429. [PMID: 37938367 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03577-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) stands as a rare and locally aggressive soft tissue tumor, characterized by intricated molecular alterations. The imperative to unravel the complexities of intratumor heterogeneity underscores effective clinical management. Herein, we harnessed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to conduct a comprehensive analysis encompassing samples from primary sites, satellite foci, and lymph node metastases. Rigorous preprocessing of raw scRNA-seq data ensued, and employing t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (tSNE) analysis, we unveiled seven major cell populations and fifteen distinct subpopulations. Malignant cell subpopulations were delineated using infercnv for copy number variation calculations. Functional and metabolic variations of diverse malignant cell populations across samples were deciphered utilizing GSVA and the scMetabolism R packages. Additionally, the exploration of differentiation trajectories within diverse fibroblast subpopulations was orchestrated through pseudotime trajectory analyses employing CytoTRACE and Monocle2, and further bolstered by GO analyses to elucidate the functional disparities across distinct differentiation states. In parallel, we segmented the cellular components of the immune microenvironment and verified the presence of SPP1+ macrophage, which constituted the major constituent in lymph node metastases. Remarkably, the CellChat facilitated a comprehensive intercellular communication analysis. This study culminates in an all-encompassing single-cell transcriptome atlas, propounding novel insights into the multifaceted nature of intratumor heterogeneity and fundamental molecular mechanisms propelling metastatic DFSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Ge
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Chao Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Jiang Wei
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Xuan Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Hui Gu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Feng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
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Yang S, Liu Y, Tang C, Han A, Lin Z, Quan J, Yang Y. The CPT1A/Snail axis promotes pancreatic adenocarcinoma progression and metastasis by activating the glycolytic pathway. iScience 2023; 26:107869. [PMID: 37736047 PMCID: PMC10509355 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that CPT1A plays a critical role in tumor metabolism and progression. However, the molecular mechanisms by which CPT1A affects tumorigenicity during PAAD progression remain unclear. In the current research, the bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemical staining results showed that CPT1A was overexpressed in PAAD tissues and that its overexpression was associated with a shorter survival time in patients with PAAD. Overexpression of CPT1A increased cell proliferation and promoted EMT and glycolytic metabolism in PAAD cells. Mechanistically, CPT1A is able to bind to Snail and facilitate PAAD progression by regulating Snail stability. In summary, our findings revealed Snail-dependent glycolysis as a crucial metabolic pathway by which CPT1A accelerates PAAD progression. Targeting the CPT1A/Snail/glycolysis axis in PAAD to suppress cell proliferation and metastatic dissemination is a new potential treatment strategy to improve the anticancer therapeutic effect and prolong patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Yang
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, Commission, Yanji 133000, China
- Department of Pathology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, Commission, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Chunxiao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, Commission, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Anna Han
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, Commission, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, Commission, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Jishu Quan
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, Commission, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs, Commission, Yanji 133000, China
- Department of Pathology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133000, China
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Natan Y, Blum YD, Arav A, Poliansky Y, Neuman S, Ecker Cohen O, Ben Y. Amorphous Calcium Carbonate Shows Anti-Cancer Properties That are Attributed to Its Buffering Capacity. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3785. [PMID: 37568601 PMCID: PMC10417113 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) is a non-crystalline form of calcium carbonate, and it is composed of aggregated nano-size primary particles. Here, we evaluated its anti-cancer effect postulated relative to its buffering capabilities in lung cancer. METHODS Tumors were evaluated in vivo using the Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) mouse cell line and A549 human lung cancer carcinoma cell line. LLC and A549 cells were injected subcutaneously into the right hind leg of mice. Treatments (ACC, cisplatin, vehicle, and ACC with cisplatin, all given via daily IP injections) started once tumors reached a measurable size. Treatments were carried out for 14 days in the LLC model and for 22 and 24 days in the xenograft model (two experiments). LLC tumors were resected from ACC at the end of the study, and vehicle groups were evaluated for cathepsin B activity. Differential gene expression was carried out on A549 cells following 8 weeks of in vitro culture in the presence or absence of ACC in a culture medium. RESULTS The ACC treatment decelerated tumor growth rates in both models. When tumor volumes were compared on the last day of each study, the ACC-treated animal tumor volume was reduced by 44.83% compared to vehicle-treated animals in the LLC model. In the xenograft model, the tumor volume was reduced by 51.6% in ACC-treated animals compared to vehicle-treated animals. A more substantial reduction of 74.75% occurred in the combined treatment of ACC and cisplatin compared to the vehicle (carried out only in the LLC model). Cathepsin B activity was significantly reduced in ACC-treated LLC tumors compared to control tumors. Differential gene expression results showed a shift towards anti-tumorigenic pathways in the ACC-treated A549 cells. CONCLUSION This study supports the ACC anti-malignant buffering hypothesis by demonstrating decelerated tumor growth, reduced cathepsin B activity, and altered gene expressions to produce anti-cancerous effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehudit Natan
- Amorphical Ltd., 11 HaHarash st., Nes-Ziona 7403118, Israel
| | - Yigal Dov Blum
- Amorphical Ltd., 11 HaHarash st., Nes-Ziona 7403118, Israel
| | - Amir Arav
- A.A. Cash Technology Ltd., 59 Shlomzion Hamalka st., Tel-Aviv 6226618, Israel
| | | | - Sara Neuman
- Amorphical Ltd., 11 HaHarash st., Nes-Ziona 7403118, Israel
| | | | - Yossi Ben
- Amorphical Ltd., 11 HaHarash st., Nes-Ziona 7403118, Israel
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Li X, Cheng R. TPO as an indicator of lymph node metastasis and recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10848. [PMID: 37407700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37932-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and to preliminarily investigate its value as a marker of lymph node metastasis and recurrence in patients with PTC. Clinical data of PTC patients and TPO expression were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for analysis. We recruited 230 consecutive PTC patients from the Department of Thyroid Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, collected their clinicopathological data, and also performed immunohistochemical analysis of TPO expression on their thyroid specimens to validate the results of bioinformatics analysis. In addition, the construction of protein-protein interaction networks was performed too. Functional enrichment analysis and immuno-infiltration analysis characterized the pathways in which TPO genes may be involved. Data mining based on the TCGA database showed that TPO expression in PTC tissues was significantly lower than in paired normal thyroid tissues. The expression level of TPO in PTC tissues correlated with tumor lymph node metastasis and recurrence. Follow-up data from our center also validated the difference in TPO expression and its relationship with lymph node metastasis in PTC patients. Functional enrichment analysis showed that TPO function was significantly associated with signaling pathways related to amino acid metabolism, gene expression regulation and tumorigenesis. TPO expression was also significantly associated with immune infiltration. Our study showed that reduced TPO expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and recurrence in patients with PTC, and we validated this result in our central cohort. These data suggest that TPO may serve as a prognostic indicator for PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Ruochuan Cheng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China.
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Hao J, Zhou C, Wang Z, Ma Z, Wu Z, Lv Y, Wu R. An amino acid metabolism-based seventeen-gene signature correlates with the clinical outcome and immune features in pancreatic cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1084275. [PMID: 37333498 PMCID: PMC10272610 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1084275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive tumor with a low 5-year survival rate and primary resistance to most therapy. Amino acid (AA) metabolism is highly correlated with tumor growth, crucial to the aggressive biological behavior of pancreatic cancer; nevertheless, the comprehensive predictive significance of genes that regulate AA metabolism in pancreatic cancer remains unknown. Methods: The mRNA expression data downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were derived as the training cohort, and the GSE57495 cohort from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was applied as the validation cohort. Random survival forest (RSF) and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis were employed to screen genes and construct an AA metabolism-related risk signature (AMRS). Kaplan-Meier analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were performed to assess the prognostic value of AMRS. We performed genomic alteration analysis and explored the difference in tumor microenvironment (TME) landscape associated with KRAS and TP53 mutation in both high- and low-AMRS groups. Subsequently, the relationships between AMRS and immunotherapy and chemotherapy sensitivity were evaluated. Results: A 17-gene AA metabolism-related risk model in the TCGA cohort was constructed according to RSF and LASSO. After stratifying patients into high- and low-AMRS groups based on the optimal cut-off value, we found that high-AMRS patients had worse overall survival (OS) in the training cohort (a median OS: 13.1 months vs. 50.1 months, p < 0.0001) and validation cohort (a median OS: 16.2 vs. 30.5 months, p = 1e-04). Genetic mutation analysis revealed that KRAS and TP53 were significantly more mutated in high-AMRS group, and patients with KRAS and TP53 alterations had significantly higher risk scores than those without. Based on the analysis of TME, low-AMRS group displayed significantly higher immune score and more enrichment of T Cell CD8+ cells. In addition, high-AMRS-group exhibited higher TMB and significantly lower tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) score and T Cells dysfunction score, which suggested a higher sensitive to immunotherapy. Moreover, high-AMRS group was also more sensitive to paclitaxel, cisplatin, and docetaxel. Conclusion: Overall, we constructed an AA-metabolism prognostic model, which provided a powerful prognostic predictor for the clinical treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Cancan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhenhua Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yi Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rongqian Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Zhang W, Xu F, Yao J, Mao C, Zhu M, Qian M, Hu J, Zhong H, Zhou J, Shi X, Chen Y. Single-cell metabolic fingerprints discover a cluster of circulating tumor cells with distinct metastatic potential. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2485. [PMID: 37120634 PMCID: PMC10148826 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are recognized as direct seeds of metastasis. However, CTC count may not be the "best" indicator of metastatic risk because their heterogeneity is generally neglected. In this study, we develop a molecular typing system to predict colorectal cancer metastasis potential based on the metabolic fingerprints of single CTCs. After identification of the metabolites potentially related to metastasis using mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics, setup of a home-built single-cell quantitative mass spectrometric platform for target metabolite analysis in individual CTCs and use of a machine learning method composed of non-negative matrix factorization and logistic regression, CTCs are divided into two subgroups, C1 and C2, based on a 4-metabolite fingerprint. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that CTC count in C2 subgroup is closely associated with metastasis incidence. This is an interesting report on the presence of a specific population of CTCs with distinct metastatic potential at the single-cell metabolite level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Feifei Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jiang Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Changfei Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital (Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital), Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Mingchen Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital (Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital), Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Moting Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jun Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Huilin Zhong
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Junsheng Zhou
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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Wang Z, Wu X, Chen HN, Wang K. Amino acid metabolic reprogramming in tumor metastatic colonization. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1123192. [PMID: 36998464 PMCID: PMC10043324 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1123192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is considered as the major cause of cancer death. Cancer cells can be released from primary tumors into the circulation and then colonize in distant organs. How cancer cells acquire the ability to colonize in distant organs has always been the focus of tumor biology. To enable survival and growth in the new environment, metastases commonly reprogram their metabolic states and therefore display different metabolic properties and preferences compared with the primary lesions. For different microenvironments in various colonization sites, cancer cells must transfer to specific metabolic states to colonize in different distant organs, which provides the possibility of evaluating metastasis tendency by tumor metabolic states. Amino acids provide crucial precursors for many biosynthesis and play an essential role in cancer metastasis. Evidence has proved the hyperactivation of several amino acid biosynthetic pathways in metastatic cancer cells, including glutamine, serine, glycine, branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), proline, and asparagine metabolism. The reprogramming of amino acid metabolism can orchestrate energy supply, redox homeostasis, and other metabolism-associated pathways during cancer metastasis. Here, we review the role and function of amino acid metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells colonizing in common metastatic organs, including lung, liver, brain, peritoneum, and bone. In addition, we summarize the current biomarker identification and drug development of cancer metastasis under the amino acid metabolism reprogramming, and discuss the possibility and prospect of targeting organ-specific metastasis for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Wang
- Colorectal Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingyun Wu
- West China School of Basic Medical Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-Ning Chen
- Colorectal Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kui Wang
- West China School of Basic Medical Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Mitochondrial Protein Cox7b Is a Metabolic Sensor Driving Brain-Specific Metastasis of Human Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184371. [PMID: 36139533 PMCID: PMC9497206 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Distant metastases are detrimental for cancer patients, but the increasingly early detection of tumors offers a chance for metastasis prevention. Importantly, cancers do not metastasize randomly: depending on the type of cancer, metastatic progenitor cells have a predilection for well-defined organs. This has been theorized by Stephen Paget, who proposed the “seed-and-soil hypothesis”, according to which metastatic colonization occurs only when the needs of a given metastatic progenitor cell (the seed) match with the resources provided by a given organ (the soil). Here, we propose to explore the seed-and-soil hypothesis in the context of cancer metabolism, thus hypothesizing that metastatic progenitor cells must be capable of detecting the availability of metabolic resources in order to home in a secondary organ. If true, it would imply the existence of metabolic sensors. Using human triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and two independent brain-seeking variants as models, we report that cyclooxygenase 7b (Cox7b), a structural component of Complex IV of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, belongs to a probably larger family of proteins responsible for breast cancer brain tropism in mice. For metastasis prevention therapy, this proof-of-principle study opens a quest for the identification of therapeutically targetable metabolic sensors that drive cancer organotropism.
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Mitochondrial dysfunction and epithelial to mesenchymal transition in head neck cancer cell lines. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13255. [PMID: 35918485 PMCID: PMC9345891 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16829-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction promotes cancer aggressiveness, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. Similar traits are associated with epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). We questioned whether mitochondrial dysfunction induces EMT in head and neck cancer (HNC) cell lines. We induced mitochondrial dysfunction in four HNC cell lines with carbonyl cyanide-4(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP), a mitochondrial electron transport chain uncoupling agent, and oligomycin, a mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitor. Extracellular flux analyses and expression of the cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc (xCT) served to confirm mitochondrial dysfunction. Expression of the EMT-related transcription factor SNAI2, the mesenchymal marker vimentin and vimentin/cytokeratin double positivity served to detect EMT. In addition, holotomographic microscopy was used to search for morphological features of EMT. Extracellular flux analysis and xCT expression confirmed that FCCP/oligomycin induced mitochondrial dysfunction in all cell lines. Across the four cell lines, mitochondrial dysfunction resulted in an increase in relative SNAI2 expression from 8.5 ± 0.8 to 12.0 ± 1.1 (mean ± SEM; p = 0.007). This effect was predominantly caused by the CAL 27 cell line (increase from 2.2 ± 0.4 to 5.5 ± 1.0; p < 0.001). Similarly, only in CAL 27 cells vimentin expression increased from 2.2 ± 0.5 × 10-3 to 33.2 ± 10.2 × 10-3 (p = 0.002) and vimentin/cytokeratin double positive cells increased from 34.7 ± 5.1 to 67.5 ± 9.8% (p = 0.003), while the other 3 cell lines did not respond with EMT (all p > 0.1). Across all cell lines, FCCP/oligomycin had no effect on EMT characteristics in holotomographic microscopy. Mitochondrial dysfunction induced EMT in 1 of 4 HNC cell lines. Given the heterogeneity of HNC, mitochondrial dysfunction may be sporadically induced by EMT, but EMT does not explain the tumor promoting effects of mitochondrial dysfunction in general.
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Cascone A, Lalowski M, Lindholm D, Eriksson O. Unveiling the Function of the Mitochondrial Filament-Forming Protein LACTB in Lipid Metabolism and Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101703. [PMID: 35626737 PMCID: PMC9139886 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
LACTB is a relatively unknown mitochondrial protein structurally related to the bacterial penicillin-binding and beta-lactamase superfamily of serine proteases. LACTB has recently gained an increased interest due to its potential role in lipid metabolism and tumorigenesis. To date, around ninety studies pertaining to LACTB have been published, but the exact biochemical and cell biological function of LACTB still remain elusive. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge about LACTB with particular attention to the implications of the recently published study on the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the filamentous form of LACTB. From this and other studies, several specific properties of LACTB emerge, suggesting that the protein has distinct functions in different physiological settings. Resolving these issues by further research may ultimately lead to a unified model of LACTB’s function in cell and organismal physiology. LACTB is the only member of its protein family in higher animals and LACTB may, therefore, be of particular interest for future drug targeting initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annunziata Cascone
- Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland; (A.C.); (D.L.)
| | - Maciej Lalowski
- HiLIFE, Meilahti Clinical Proteomics Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Dan Lindholm
- Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland; (A.C.); (D.L.)
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum Helsinki 2, Tukholmankatu 8, FIN-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ove Eriksson
- Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland; (A.C.); (D.L.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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Conversion of Hyperpolarized [1- 13C]Pyruvate in Breast Cancer Cells Depends on Their Malignancy, Metabolic Program and Nutrient Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071845. [PMID: 35406616 PMCID: PMC8997828 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a technology for characterizing tumors in vivo based on their metabolic activities. The conversion rates (kpl) of hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate to [1-13C]lactate depend on monocarboxylate transporters (MCT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH); these are also indicators of tumor malignancy. An unresolved issue is how glucose and glutamine availability in the tumor microenvironment affects metabolic characteristics of the cancer and how this relates to kpl-values. Two breast cancer cells of different malignancy (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) were cultured in media containing defined combinations of low glucose (1 mM; 2.5 mM) and glutamine (0.1 mM; 1 mM) and analyzed for pyruvate uptake, intracellular metabolite levels, LDH and pyruvate kinase activities, and 13C6-glucose-derived metabolomics. The results show variability of kpl with the different glucose/glutamine conditions, congruent with glycolytic activity, but not with LDH activity or the Warburg effect; this suggests metabolic compartmentation. Remarkably, kpl-values were almost two-fold higher in MCF-7 than in the more malignant MDA-MB-231 cells, the latter showing a higher flux of 13C-glucose-derived pyruvate to the TCA-cycle metabolites 13C2-citrate and 13C3-malate, i.e., pyruvate decarboxylation and carboxylation, respectively. Thus, MRS with hyperpolarized [1-13C-pyruvate] is sensitive to both the metabolic program and the nutritional state of cancer cells.
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13
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Xu Y, Lu J, Tang Y, Xie W, Zhang H, Wang B, Zhang S, Hou W, Zou C, Jiang P, Zhang W. RETRACTED: PINK1 deficiency in gastric cancer compromises mitophagy, promotes the Warburg effect, and facilitates M2 polarization of macrophages. Cancer Lett 2022; 529:19-36. [PMID: 34979165 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief and authors. Following the publication of the above article, the Editor was notified by a concerned reader that the authors supplied duplicated images. Specifically, that in Fig. 5A, both FACS panels are identical and in Fig. 5E, two different proteins (HK2 and PDK1) have the same western blot. After checking the data in relation with Fig. 5A and Fig. 5E, the authors have confirmed that the two pictures indeed have the problems of duplication. The authors reported that this problem came from the authors’ unintentional behavior, which may be due to a copy and paste error in the manner of image processing. The authors sincerely apologize for the inconvenience caused to our Editors and readers. Due to this duplication error, the authors and Editor have made the decision to retract this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Department of Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiawei Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yinbing Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wenjie Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Heteng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shouliang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wenji Hou
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chen Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Pengcheng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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14
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Jiang N, Xie B, Xiao W, Fan M, Xu S, Duan Y, Hamsafar Y, Evans AC, Huang J, Zhou W, Lin X, Ye N, Wanggou S, Chen W, Jing D, Fragoso RC, Dugger BN, Wilson PF, Coleman MA, Xia S, Li X, Sun LQ, Monjazeb AM, Wang A, Murphy WJ, Kung HJ, Lam KS, Chen HW, Li JJ. Fatty acid oxidation fuels glioblastoma radioresistance with CD47-mediated immune evasion. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1511. [PMID: 35314680 PMCID: PMC8938495 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29137-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains the top challenge to radiotherapy with only 25% one-year survival after diagnosis. Here, we reveal that co-enhancement of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) enzymes (CPT1A, CPT2 and ACAD9) and immune checkpoint CD47 is dominant in recurrent GBM patients with poor prognosis. A glycolysis-to-FAO metabolic rewiring is associated with CD47 anti-phagocytosis in radioresistant GBM cells and regrown GBM after radiation in syngeneic mice. Inhibition of FAO by CPT1 inhibitor etomoxir or CRISPR-generated CPT1A-/-, CPT2-/-, ACAD9-/- cells demonstrate that FAO-derived acetyl-CoA upregulates CD47 transcription via NF-κB/RelA acetylation. Blocking FAO impairs tumor growth and reduces CD47 anti-phagocytosis. Etomoxir combined with anti-CD47 antibody synergizes radiation control of regrown tumors with boosted macrophage phagocytosis. These results demonstrate that enhanced fat acid metabolism promotes aggressive growth of GBM with CD47-mediated immune evasion. The FAO-CD47 axis may be targeted to improve GBM control by eliminating the radioresistant phagocytosis-proofing tumor cells in GBM radioimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Jiang
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Bowen Xie
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.12527.330000 0001 0662 3178Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 PR China
| | - Wenwu Xiao
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Ming Fan
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Shanxiu Xu
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Yixin Duan
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Yamah Hamsafar
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Angela C. Evans
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Jie Huang
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Weibing Zhou
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Xuelei Lin
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Ningrong Ye
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Siyi Wanggou
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Wen Chen
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Di Jing
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Ruben C. Fragoso
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Brittany N. Dugger
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Paul F. Wilson
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Matthew A. Coleman
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Shuli Xia
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Xuejun Li
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Brain Tumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Lun-Quan Sun
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China
| | - Arta M. Monjazeb
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Aijun Wang
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - William J. Murphy
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Departments of Dermatology and Internal Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Hsing-Jien Kung
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110 Taiwan
| | - Kit S. Lam
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Hong-Wu Chen
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA ,grid.413933.f0000 0004 0419 2847Veterans Affairs Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA95655 USA
| | - Jian Jian Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA. .,NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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15
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Capeloa T, Krzystyniak J, d’Hose D, Canas Rodriguez A, Payen VL, Zampieri LX, Van de Velde JA, Benyahia Z, Pranzini E, Vazeille T, Fransolet M, Bouzin C, Brusa D, Michiels C, Gallez B, Murphy MP, Porporato PE, Sonveaux P. MitoQ Inhibits Human Breast Cancer Cell Migration, Invasion and Clonogenicity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061516. [PMID: 35326667 PMCID: PMC8946220 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
To successfully generate distant metastases, metastatic progenitor cells must simultaneously possess mesenchymal characteristics, resist to anoïkis, migrate and invade directionally, resist to redox and shear stresses in the systemic circulation, and possess stem cell characteristics. These cells primarily originate from metabolically hostile areas of the primary tumor, where oxygen and nutrient deprivation, together with metabolic waste accumulation, exert a strong selection pressure promoting evasion. Here, we followed the hypothesis according to which metastasis as a whole implies the existence of metabolic sensors. Among others, mitochondria are singled out as a major source of superoxide that supports the metastatic phenotype. Molecularly, stressed cancer cells increase mitochondrial superoxide production, which activates the transforming growth factor-β pathway through src directly within mitochondria, ultimately activating focal adhesion kinase Pyk2. The existence of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants constitutes an opportunity to interfere with the metastatic process. Here, using aggressive triple-negative and HER2-positive human breast cancer cell lines as models, we report that MitoQ inhibits all the metastatic traits that we tested in vitro. Compared to other mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, MitoQ already successfully passed Phase I safety clinical trials, which provides an important incentive for future preclinical and clinical evaluations of this drug for the prevention of breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Capeloa
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Joanna Krzystyniak
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Donatienne d’Hose
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Unit, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (D.d.); (B.G.)
| | - Amanda Canas Rodriguez
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Valery L. Payen
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Luca X. Zampieri
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Justine A. Van de Velde
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Zohra Benyahia
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Erica Pranzini
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Via le Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Thibaut Vazeille
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Maude Fransolet
- Faculty of Sciences, Bology, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Cellulaire, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium; (M.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Davide Brusa
- IREC Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting Platform, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Carine Michiels
- Faculty of Sciences, Bology, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Cellulaire, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium; (M.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Bernard Gallez
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Unit, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (D.d.); (B.G.)
| | - Michael P. Murphy
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK;
| | - Paolo E. Porporato
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Pierre Sonveaux
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Tawfik SM, Abdollah MRA, Elmazar MM, El-Fawal HAN, Abdelnaser A. Effects of Metformin Combined With Antifolates on HepG2 Cell Metabolism and Cellular Proliferation. Front Oncol 2022; 12:828988. [PMID: 35186762 PMCID: PMC8851913 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.828988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most prevalent types of cancers worldwide, continues to maintain high levels of resistance to standard therapy. As clinical data revealed poor response rates, the need for developing new methods has increased to improve the overall wellbeing of patients with HCC. Furthermore, a growing body of evidence shows that cancer metabolic changes are a key feature of many types of human malignancies. Metabolic reprogramming refers to cancer cells’ ability to change their metabolism in order to meet the increased energy demand caused by continuous growth, rapid proliferation, and other neoplastic cell characteristics. For these reasons, metabolic pathways may become new therapeutic and chemopreventive targets. The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic alterations associated with metformin (MET), an anti-diabetic agent when combined with two antifolate drugs: trimethoprim (TMP) or methotrexate (MTX), and how metabolic changes within the cancer cell may be used to increase cellular death. In this study, single drugs and combinations were investigated using in vitro assays including cytotoxicity assay (MTT), RT-qPCR, annexin V/PI apoptosis assay, scratch wound assay and Seahorse XF analysis, on a human HCC cell line, HepG2. The cytotoxicity assay showed that the IC50 of MET as single therapy was 44.08 mM that was reduced to 22.73 mM and 29.29 mM when combined with TMP and MTX, respectively. The co-treatment of both drugs increased p53 and Bax apoptotic markers, while decreased the anti-apoptotic marker; Bcl-2. Both combinations increased the percentage of apoptotic cells and halted cancer cell migration when compared to MET alone. Furthermore, both combinations decreased the MET-induced increase in glycolysis, while also inducing mitochondrial damage, altering cancer cell bioenergetics. These findings provide an exciting insight into the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of MET and anti-folates on HepG2 cells, and how in combination, may potentially combat the aggressiveness of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherouk M Tawfik
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt.,The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha R A Abdollah
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt.,The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohey M Elmazar
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hassan A N El-Fawal
- Institute of Global Public Health, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Anwar Abdelnaser
- Institute of Global Public Health, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
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17
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Quantifying the Patterns of Metabolic Plasticity and Heterogeneity along the Epithelial–Hybrid–Mesenchymal Spectrum in Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020297. [PMID: 35204797 PMCID: PMC8961667 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality and the process of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is crucial for cancer metastasis. Both partial and complete EMT have been reported to influence the metabolic plasticity of cancer cells in terms of switching among the oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis pathways. However, a comprehensive analysis of these major metabolic pathways and their associations with EMT across different cancers is lacking. Here, we analyse more than 180 cancer cell datasets and show the diverse associations of these metabolic pathways with the EMT status of cancer cells. Our bulk data analysis shows that EMT generally positively correlates with glycolysis but negatively with oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid metabolism. These correlations are also consistent at the level of their molecular master regulators, namely AMPK and HIF1α. Yet, these associations are shown to not be universal. The analysis of single-cell data for EMT induction shows dynamic changes along the different axes of metabolic pathways, consistent with general trends seen in bulk samples. Further, assessing the association of EMT and metabolic activity with patient survival shows that a higher extent of EMT and glycolysis predicts a worse prognosis in many cancers. Together, our results reveal the underlying patterns of metabolic plasticity and heterogeneity as cancer cells traverse through the epithelial–hybrid–mesenchymal spectrum of states.
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18
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Yoshikawa K, Ishida M, Yanai H, Tsuta K, Sekimoto M, Sugie T. Association between fatty acid synthase and adipophilin expression in triple‑negative breast cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 2022; 16:80. [PMID: 35251631 PMCID: PMC8892429 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2022.2513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that cancer cells produce energy via anaerobic glycolysis. Lipid metabolism is often upregulated in numerous types of cancer. Our previous study demonstrated that adipophilin (ADP), a lipid-associated protein, was a poor prognostic indicator in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the mechanism of ADP expression in TNBC remains unclear. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a crucial enzyme in de novo fatty acid synthesis, and its upregulation has been reported in several types of carcinomas; however, to the best of our knowledge, the association of FASN and ADP in TNBC remains unclear. The present study analysed the association between FASN and ADP expression and the prognostic significance of FASN in TNBC. Using immunohistochemical methods and tissue microarrays, the present study examined FASN expression in 61 patients with TNBC. Overall and relapse-free survival and their risk factors were analysed for FASN expression and compared with ADP expression. A total of 40 (65.6%) patients were classified as FASN-high (score ≥120), and this was significantly associated with a lower Ki-67 labelling index (P=0.011). FASN expression was not associated with relapse-free survival and overall survival. FASN-high was negatively associated with ADP expression (P=0.041). The results of the present study revealed that FASN-high was associated with a lack of ADP expression and a lower Ki-67 labelling index. These results indicated that de novo fatty acid synthesis by FASN is not the main pathway of lipogenesis and the source of energy in cancer cells of ADP-positive highly proliferative TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Yoshikawa
- Department of Pathology and Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573‑1191, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Ishida
- Department of Pathology and Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573‑1191, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Yanai
- Department of Pathology and Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573‑1191, Japan
| | - Koji Tsuta
- Department of Pathology and Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573‑1191, Japan
| | - Mitsugu Sekimoto
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573‑1191, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Sugie
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573‑1191, Japan
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Sebestyén A, Dankó T, Sztankovics D, Moldvai D, Raffay R, Cervi C, Krencz I, Zsiros V, Jeney A, Petővári G. The role of metabolic ecosystem in cancer progression — metabolic plasticity and mTOR hyperactivity in tumor tissues. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 40:989-1033. [PMID: 35029792 PMCID: PMC8825419 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-10006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite advancements in cancer management, tumor relapse and metastasis are associated with poor outcomes in many cancers. Over the past decade, oncogene-driven carcinogenesis, dysregulated cellular signaling networks, dynamic changes in the tissue microenvironment, epithelial-mesenchymal transitions, protein expression within regulatory pathways, and their part in tumor progression are described in several studies. However, the complexity of metabolic enzyme expression is considerably under evaluated. Alterations in cellular metabolism determine the individual phenotype and behavior of cells, which is a well-recognized hallmark of cancer progression, especially in the adaptation mechanisms underlying therapy resistance. In metabolic symbiosis, cells compete, communicate, and even feed each other, supervised by tumor cells. Metabolic reprogramming forms a unique fingerprint for each tumor tissue, depending on the cellular content and genetic, epigenetic, and microenvironmental alterations of the developing cancer. Based on its sensing and effector functions, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase is considered the master regulator of metabolic adaptation. Moreover, mTOR kinase hyperactivity is associated with poor prognosis in various tumor types. In situ metabolic phenotyping in recent studies highlights the importance of metabolic plasticity, mTOR hyperactivity, and their role in tumor progression. In this review, we update recent developments in metabolic phenotyping of the cancer ecosystem, metabolic symbiosis, and plasticity which could provide new research directions in tumor biology. In addition, we suggest pathomorphological and analytical studies relating to metabolic alterations, mTOR activity, and their associations which are necessary to improve understanding of tumor heterogeneity and expand the therapeutic management of cancer.
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20
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Yu X, Mi S, Ye J, Lou G. Aberrant lipid metabolism in cancer cells and tumor microenvironment: the player rather than bystander in cancer progression and metastasis. J Cancer 2022; 12:7498-7506. [PMID: 35003369 PMCID: PMC8734401 DOI: 10.7150/jca.64833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As the primary cause of cancer-induced fatality and morbidity, cancer metastasis has been a hard nut to crack. Existing studies indicate that lipid metabolism reprogramming occurring in cancer cells and surrounding cells in TME also endows the aggressive and spreading properties with malignant cells. In this review we describe the lipid metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells at different steps along the metastatic process, we also summarize the altered lipid metabolism of non-cancer cells in TME during tumor metastasis. Additionally, we reveal both intrinsic and extrinsic factors which influence the cellular lipid metabolism reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujing Yu
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuyi Mi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guochun Lou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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21
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DUBR suppresses migration and invasion of human lung adenocarcinoma cells via ZBTB11-mediated inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:157-166. [PMID: 33758355 PMCID: PMC8724295 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00624-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in a variety of cancers, but the role of LncRNA DUBR in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the most prevalent form of lung cancer, remains unclear. In this study we investigated the expression of DUBR in LUAD to ascertain its association with the clinical pathology and prognosis of LUAD. Analysis of mRNA expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) LUAD database and in-house LUAD cohort (n = 94) showed that DUBR was significantly downregulated in LUAD, and was associated with poor prognosis. In LUAD cell lines (H1975, A549), overexpression of DUBR significantly suppressed the migration and invasion of the LUAD cells. We demonstrated that c-Myc could bind to the promoter of DUBR, and transcriptionally suppressed its expression. Knockdown of c-Myc almost completely blocked the invasion and migration of LUAD cells, whereas knockdown of DUBR partially rescued c-Myc-knockdown suppressed cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, DUBR overexpression significantly increased the expression of a downstream protein of DUBR, zinc finger, and BTB domain containing 11 (ZBTB11), in H1975 and A549 cells; knockdown of ZBTB11 partially rescued the DUBR-overexpression suppressed cell migration and invasion; knockdown of c-Myc significantly upregulated the expression of ZBTB11 in LUAD cells. Finally, we revealed that DUBR/ZBTB11 axis suppressed oxidative phosphorylation in LUAD cells. In short, we demonstrate that c-Myc/DUBR/ZBTB11 axis suppresses migration and invasion of LUAD by attenuating cell oxidative phosphorylation, which provides new insights into the regulatory mechanism of DUBR.
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22
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Urinary Metabolic Markers of Bladder Cancer: A Reflection of the Tumor or the Response of the Body? Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110756. [PMID: 34822414 PMCID: PMC8621503 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This work will review the metabolic information that various studies have obtained in recent years on bladder cancer, with particular attention to discovering biomarkers in urine for the diagnosis and prognosis of this disease. In principle, they would be capable of complementing cystoscopy, an invasive but nowadays irreplaceable technique or, in the best case, of replacing it. We will evaluate the degree of reproducibility that the different experiments have shown in the indication of biomarkers, and a synthesis will be attempted to obtain a consensus list that is more likely to become a guideline for clinical practice. In further analysis, we will inquire into the origin of these dysregulated metabolites in patients with bladder cancer. For this purpose, it will be helpful to compare the imbalances measured in urine with those known inside tumor cells or tissues. Although the urine analysis is sometimes considered a liquid biopsy because of its direct contact with the tumor in the bladder wall, it contains metabolites from all organs and tissues of the body, and the tumor is separated from urine by the most impermeable barrier found in mammals. The distinction between the specific and systemic responses can help understand the disease and its consequences in more depth.
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23
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Wang X, Liu H, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Qin Y, Zhu G, Dang J, Wang F, Yang X, Fan R. LINC00514 promotes lipogenesis and tumor progression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by sponging miR‑378a‑5p to enhance SPHK1 expression. Int J Oncol 2021; 59:86. [PMID: 34533201 PMCID: PMC8460062 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has demonstrated that long non‑coding RNAs serve pivotal roles in tumor development, progression, metastasis and metabolism. However, to the best of our knowledge, the roles and molecular mechanisms of long intergenic nonprotein‑coding RNA 00514 (LINC00514) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain unknown. The present study found that LINC00514 and sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) were both upregulated in ESCC tissues and cells, and their high expression levels were closely associated with Tumor‑Node‑Metastasis stage, lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis of patients with ESCC. Functionally, knockdown of LINC00514 inhibited cell proliferation and invasion, and led to the downregulation of lipogenesis‑related proteins, including SPHK1, fatty acid synthase, acetyl‑coenzyme (Co)A carboxylase α and stearoyl‑CoA desaturase 1, whereas LINC00514 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and invasion in ESCC KYSE150 and KYSE30 cells, and upregulated expression of lipogenesis‑related proteins. Mechanistically, LINC00514 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA by sponging microRNA (miR)‑378a‑5p, resulting in the upregulation of SPHK1, which was accompanied by the activation of lipogenesis‑related pathways, to promote ESCC cell proliferation and invasion. Taken together, these findings suggest that LINC00514 may participate in ESCC lipogenesis, and targeting the LINC00514/miR‑378a‑5p/SPHK1 signaling axis may be a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for management of patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yue Qin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Guangzhao Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Jinghan Dang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xiangxiang Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Ruitai Fan
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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Miallot R, Galland F, Millet V, Blay JY, Naquet P. Metabolic landscapes in sarcomas. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:114. [PMID: 34294128 PMCID: PMC8296645 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01125-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic rewiring offers novel therapeutic opportunities in cancer. Until recently, there was scant information regarding soft tissue sarcomas, due to their heterogeneous tissue origin, histological definition and underlying genetic history. Novel large-scale genomic and metabolomics approaches are now helping stratify their physiopathology. In this review, we show how various genetic alterations skew activation pathways and orient metabolic rewiring in sarcomas. We provide an update on the contribution of newly described mechanisms of metabolic regulation. We underscore mechanisms that are relevant to sarcomagenesis or shared with other cancers. We then discuss how diverse metabolic landscapes condition the tumor microenvironment, anti-sarcoma immune responses and prognosis. Finally, we review current attempts to control sarcoma growth using metabolite-targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Miallot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France.
| | - Franck Galland
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Virginie Millet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Yves Blay
- Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon 1, Lyon Recherche Innovation contre le Cancer, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Naquet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France.
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25
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Sun X, Peng Y, Zhao J, Xie Z, Lei X, Tang G. Discovery and development of tumor glycolysis rate-limiting enzyme inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2021; 112:104891. [PMID: 33940446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells mainly provide necessary energy and substances for rapid cell growth through aerobic perglycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation. This phenomenon is called the "Warburg effect". The mechanism of glycolysis in tumor cells is more complicated, which is caused by the comprehensive regulation of multiple factors. Abnormal enzyme metabolism is one of the main influencing factors and inhibiting the three main rate-limiting enzymes in glycolysis is thought to be important strategy for cancer treatment. Therefore, numerous inhibitors of glycolysis rate-limiting enzyme have been developed in recent years, such as the latest HKII inhibitor and PKM2 inhibitor Pachymic acid (PA) and N-(4-(3-(3-(methylamino)-3-oxopropyl)-5-(4'-(trifluoromethyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl)propiolamide. The review focuses on source, structure-activity relationship, bioecological activity and mechanism of the three main rate-limiting enzymes inhibitors, and hopes to guide the future research on the design and synthesis of rate-limiting enzyme inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Sun
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang City, PR China
| | - Yijiao Peng
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang City, PR China
| | - Jingduo Zhao
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang City, PR China
| | - Zhizhong Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of tumor microenvironment responsive drug research, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of tumor microenvironment responsive drug research, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Guotao Tang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang City, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of tumor microenvironment responsive drug research, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, PR China.
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26
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Singh L, Atilano SR, Jager MJ, Kenney MC. Mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms and biogenesis genes in primary and metastatic uveal melanoma cell lines. Cancer Genet 2021; 256-257:91-99. [PMID: 34082186 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to identify mitochondrial (mt) DNA variations in primary and metastatic uveal melanoma (UM) cell lines and their relation with cell metabolism to gain insight into metastatic progression. METHOD The entire mtDNA genomes were sequenced using Sanger sequencing from two primary UM cell lines (92.1 and MEL270) and two cell lines (OMM2.3 and OMM2.5) derived from liver metastases of the MEL270 patient. The mtDNA copy numbers determined by the ratio of nDNA versus mtDNA. qRT-PCR was used to evaluate expression levels of mitochondrial biogenesis genes. RESULTS Sequencing showed that cell line MEL270 and metastases-derived OMM2.3 and OMM2.5 cell lines had homoplasmic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) representing J1c7a haplogroup, whereas 92.1 cells had mtDNA H31a haplogroup. mtDNA copy numbers were significantly higher in primary cell lines. The metastatic UM cells showed down-regulation of POLG, TFAM, NRF-1 and SIRT1 compared to their primary MEL270 cells. PGC-1α was downregulated in 92.1 and upregulated in MEL270, OMM2.3 and OMM2.5. CONCLUSIONS Our finding suggests that within metastatic cells, the heteroplasmic SNPs, copy numbers and mitochondrial biogenesis genes are modulated differentially compared to their primary UM cells. Therefore, investigating pathogenic mtDNA variants associated with cancer metabolic susceptibility may provide future therapeutic strategies in metastatic UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lata Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States; Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Shari R Atilano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States
| | - Martine J Jager
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - M Cristina Kenney
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.
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27
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van Gisbergen MW, Zwilling E, Dubois LJ. Metabolic Rewiring in Radiation Oncology Toward Improving the Therapeutic Ratio. Front Oncol 2021; 11:653621. [PMID: 34041023 PMCID: PMC8143268 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.653621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To meet the anabolic demands of the proliferative potential of tumor cells, malignant cells tend to rewire their metabolic pathways. Although different types of malignant cells share this phenomenon, there is a large intracellular variability how these metabolic patterns are altered. Fortunately, differences in metabolic patterns between normal tissue and malignant cells can be exploited to increase the therapeutic ratio. Modulation of cellular metabolism to improve treatment outcome is an emerging field proposing a variety of promising strategies in primary tumor and metastatic lesion treatment. These strategies, capable of either sensitizing or protecting tissues, target either tumor or normal tissue and are often focused on modulating of tissue oxygenation, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) stabilization, glucose metabolism, mitochondrial function and the redox balance. Several compounds or therapies are still in under (pre-)clinical development, while others are already used in clinical practice. Here, we describe different strategies from bench to bedside to optimize the therapeutic ratio through modulation of the cellular metabolism. This review gives an overview of the current state on development and the mechanism of action of modulators affecting cellular metabolism with the aim to improve the radiotherapy response on tumors or to protect the normal tissue and therefore contribute to an improved therapeutic ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marike W van Gisbergen
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Dermatology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Emma Zwilling
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ludwig J Dubois
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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28
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Brohée L, Crémer J, Colige A, Deroanne C. Lipin-1, a Versatile Regulator of Lipid Homeostasis, Is a Potential Target for Fighting Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094419. [PMID: 33922580 PMCID: PMC8122924 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The rewiring of lipid metabolism is a major adaptation observed in cancer, and it is generally associated with the increased aggressiveness of cancer cells. Targeting lipid metabolism is therefore an appealing therapeutic strategy, but it requires a better understanding of the specific roles played by the main enzymes involved in lipid biosynthesis. Lipin-1 is a central regulator of lipid homeostasis, acting either as an enzyme or as a co-regulator of transcription. In spite of its important functions it is only recently that several groups have highlighted its role in cancer. Here, we will review the most recent research describing the role of lipin-1 in tumor progression when expressed by cancer cells or cells of the tumor microenvironment. The interest of its inhibition as an adjuvant therapy to amplify the effects of anti-cancer therapies will be also illustrated.
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29
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Lopez-Charcas O, Pukkanasut P, Velu SE, Brackenbury WJ, Hales TG, Besson P, Gomora JC, Roger S. Pharmacological and nutritional targeting of voltage-gated sodium channels in the treatment of cancers. iScience 2021; 24:102270. [PMID: 33817575 PMCID: PMC8010468 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels, initially characterized in excitable cells, have been shown to be aberrantly expressed in non-excitable cancer tissues and cells from epithelial origins such as in breast, lung, prostate, colon, and cervix, whereas they are not expressed in cognate non-cancer tissues. Their activity was demonstrated to promote aggressive and invasive potencies of cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo, whereas their deregulated expression in cancer tissues has been associated with metastatic progression and cancer-related death. This review proposes NaV channels as pharmacological targets for anticancer treatments providing opportunities for repurposing existing NaV-inhibitors or developing new pharmacological and nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osbaldo Lopez-Charcas
- Université de Tours, EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Piyasuda Pukkanasut
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, CHEM 280. 901, 14th Street S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sadanandan E. Velu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, CHEM 280. 901, 14th Street S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - William J. Brackenbury
- Department of Biology, York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Tim G. Hales
- Institute of Academic Anaesthesia, Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, the University of Dundee, DD1 9SY, Dundee, UK
| | - Pierre Besson
- Université de Tours, EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Juan Carlos Gomora
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Circuito Exterior s/n Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510 México
| | - Sébastien Roger
- Université de Tours, EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
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30
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Role of AMPK and Akt in triple negative breast cancer lung colonization. Neoplasia 2021; 23:429-438. [PMID: 33839456 PMCID: PMC8042649 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive disease with a 5-y relative survival rate of 11% after distant metastasis. To survive the metastatic cascade, tumor cells remodel their signaling pathways by regulating energy production and upregulating survival pathways. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Akt regulate energy homeostasis and survival, however, the individual or synergistic role of AMPK and Akt isoforms during lung colonization by TNBC cells is unknown. The purpose of this study was to establish whether targeting Akt, AMPKα or both Akt and AMPKα isoforms in circulating cancer cells can suppress TNBC lung colonization. Transient silencing of Akt1 or Akt2 dramatically decreased metastatic colonization of lungs by inducing apoptosis or inhibiting invasion, respectively. Importantly, transient pharmacologic inhibition of Akt activity with MK-2206 or AZD5363 inhibitors did not prevent colonization of lung tissue by TNBC cells. Knockdown of AMPKα1, AMPKα2, or AMPKα1/2 also had no effect on metastatic colonization of lungs. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that transient decrease in AMPK isoforms expression alone or in combination with Akt1 in circulating tumor cells does not synergistically reduce TNBC metastatic lung colonization. Our results also provide evidence that Akt1 and Akt2 expression serve as a bottleneck that can challenge colonization of lungs by TNBC cells.
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31
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Guo L. Mitochondria and the permeability transition pore in cancer metabolic reprogramming. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 188:114537. [PMID: 33811907 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are a major source of ATP provision as well as cellular suicidal weapon store. Accumulating evidences demonstrate that mitochondrial bioenergetics, biosynthesis and signaling are important mediators of tumorigenesis. Metabolic plasticity enables cancer cell reprogramming to cope with cellular and environmental alterations, a process requires mitochondria biology. Mitochondrial metabolism emerges to be a promising arena for cancer therapeutic targets. The permeability transition pore (PTP) participates in physiological Ca2+ and ROS homeostasis as well as cell death depending on the open state. The hypothesis that PTP forms from F-ATP synthase provides clues to the potential collaborative role of mitochondrial respiration and PTP in regulating cancer cell fate and metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishu Guo
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
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32
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Zuo T, Zhang J, Yang J, Xu R, Hu Z, Wang Z, Deng H, Shen Q. On-demand responsive nanoplatform mediated targeting of CAFs and down-regulating mtROS-PYK2 signaling for antitumor metastasis. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:1872-1885. [PMID: 33464242 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01878c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The desmoplastic tumor microenvironment (DTME), including overexpressed stromal cells and extracellular matrix, formed the first barrier for the accumulation and penetration of nanoparticles in tumors, which compromised the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis. In some metastatic cells, overactivity of the tricarboxylic cycle could overload the electron transport chain resulting in increased mtROS production, which triggered the mitochondria-driven tumor migration and metastasis. Hence, we developed HPBC@TRP/NPs for down-regulating the mtROS-PYK2 pathway and remodeling the DTME to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis for the first time. TPP-RSV prodrugs were synthesized and targeted at mitochondria, resulting in the scavenging of mtROS, lower PYK2 expression, and activation of the mitochondria-driven apoptotic pathway. Pirfenidone fully remodeled the DTME through inhibiting the expression of CAFs, hyaluronan and collagen I, thereby reducing IFP, eliminating the immunosuppressive microenvironment by decreasing the expression of TGF-β, and increasing the infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The combination therapy of different mechanisms via targeting the mtROS-PYK2 pathway and CAFs might provide deeper insights into the inhibition of malignant breast cancer growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Rui Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Zongwei Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Zhihua Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Huizi Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Qi Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Icard P, Loi M, Wu Z, Ginguay A, Lincet H, Robin E, Coquerel A, Berzan D, Fournel L, Alifano M. Metabolic Strategies for Inhibiting Cancer Development. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1461-1480. [PMID: 33530098 PMCID: PMC8321873 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is a complex mix of cancerous and noncancerous cells (especially immune cells and fibroblasts) with distinct metabolisms. These cells interact with each other and are influenced by the metabolic disorders of the host. In this review, we discuss how metabolic pathways that sustain biosynthesis in cancer cells could be targeted to increase the effectiveness of cancer therapies by limiting the nutrient uptake of the cell, inactivating metabolic enzymes (key regulatory ones or those linked to cell cycle progression), and inhibiting ATP production to induce cell death. Furthermore, we describe how the microenvironment could be targeted to activate the immune response by redirecting nutrients toward cytotoxic immune cells or inhibiting the release of waste products by cancer cells that stimulate immunosuppressive cells. We also examine metabolic disorders in the host that could be targeted to inhibit cancer development. To create future personalized therapies for targeting each cancer tumor, novel techniques must be developed, such as new tracers for positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan and immunohistochemical markers to characterize the metabolic phenotype of cancer cells and their microenvironment. Pending personalized strategies that specifically target all metabolic components of cancer development in a patient, simple metabolic interventions could be tested in clinical trials in combination with standard cancer therapies, such as short cycles of fasting or the administration of sodium citrate or weakly toxic compounds (such as curcumin, metformin, lipoic acid) that target autophagy and biosynthetic or signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauro Loi
- Radiotherapy Department, Humanitas Cancer Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Zherui Wu
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,INSERM UMR-S 1124, Cellular Homeostasis and Cancer, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Antonin Ginguay
- Service de Biochimie, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Centre, AP-HP, Paris, France,EA4466 Laboratoire de Biologie de la Nutrition, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Hubert Lincet
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), France,ISPB, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Edouard Robin
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Coquerel
- INSERM U1075, Comete “Mobilités: Attention, Orientation, Chronobiologie”, Université Caen, Caen, France
| | - Diana Berzan
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Fournel
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France,INSERM UMR-S 1124, Cellular Homeostasis and Cancer, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Marco Alifano
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France,INSERM U1138, Integrative Cancer Immunology, Paris, France
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Buckup M, Rice MA, Hsu EC, Garcia-Marques F, Liu S, Aslan M, Bermudez A, Huang J, Pitteri SJ, Stoyanova T. Plectin is a regulator of prostate cancer growth and metastasis. Oncogene 2021; 40:663-676. [PMID: 33219316 PMCID: PMC8078627 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01557-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is responsible for over 30,000 US deaths annually, attributed largely to incurable metastatic disease. Here, we demonstrate that high levels of plectin are associated with localized and metastatic human prostate cancer when compared to benign prostate tissues. Knock-down of plectin inhibits prostate cancer cell growth and colony formation in vitro, and growth of prostate cancer xenografts in vivo. Plectin knock-down further impairs aggressive and invasive cellular behavior assessed by migration, invasion, and wound healing in vitro. Consistently, plectin knock-down cells have impaired metastatic colonization to distant sites including liver, lung, kidney, bone, and genitourinary system. Plectin knock-down inhibited number of metastases per organ, as well as decreased overall metastatic burden. To gain insights into the role of plectin in prostate cancer growth and metastasis, we performed proteomic analysis of prostate cancer plectin knock-down xenograft tissues. Gene set enrichment analysis shows an increase in levels of proteins involved with extracellular matrix and laminin interactions, and a decrease in levels of proteins regulating amino acid metabolism, cytoskeletal proteins, and cellular response to stress. Collectively these findings demonstrate that plectin is an important regulator of prostate cancer cell growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Buckup
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Meghan A Rice
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - En-Chi Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Fernando Garcia-Marques
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Shiqin Liu
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Merve Aslan
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Abel Bermudez
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sharon J Pitteri
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Tanya Stoyanova
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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Wersäll OC, Löfstedt L, Govorov I, Mints M, Gabrielson M, Shoshan M. PGC1α and VDAC1 expression in endometrial cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 14:42. [PMID: 33437480 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the ten most common gynecological cancers. As in most cancers, EC tumour progression involves alterations in cellular metabolism and can be associated with, for instance, altered levels of glycolytic enzymes. Mitochondrial functions and proteins are known to serve key roles in tumour metabolism and progression. The transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 (PGC1α) is a major regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and function, albeit of varying prognostic value in different cancers. The voltage-dependent anion channel type 1 (VDAC1) regulates apoptosis as well as metabolite import and export over the mitochondrial outer membrane, and is often used for comparative quantification of mitochondrial content. Using immunohistochemistry, the present study examined protein expression levels of PGC1α and VDAC1 in tumour and paired benign tissue samples from 148 patients with EC, in order to examine associations with clinical data, such as stage and grade, Ki-67, p53 status, clinical resistance and overall survival. The expression levels of both PGC1α and VDAC1, as well as a PGC1α downstream effector, were significantly lower in tumor tissues than in benign tissues, suggesting altered mitochondrial function in EC. However, Kaplan-Meier, log rank and Spearman's rank correlation tests revealed that their expression was not correlated with survival and clinical data. Therefore, PGC1α and VDAC1 are not of major prognostic value in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofra Castro Wersäll
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Lina Löfstedt
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institute, Solna 171 64, Sweden
| | - Igor Govorov
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden.,Institute of Perinatology and Pediatrics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg 197341, Russia
| | - Miriam Mints
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden.,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro 701 82, Sweden
| | - Marike Gabrielson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institute, Solna 171 64, Sweden.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Maria Shoshan
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institute, Solna 171 64, Sweden.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
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36
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Li N, Zhan X. MASS SPECTROMETRY-BASED MITOCHONDRIAL PROTEOMICS IN HUMAN OVARIAN CANCERS. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2020; 39:471-498. [PMID: 32020673 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The prominent characteristics of mitochondria are highly dynamic and regulatory, which have crucial roles in cell metabolism, biosynthetic, senescence, apoptosis, and signaling pathways. Mitochondrial dysfunction might lead to multiple serious diseases, including cancer. Therefore, identification of mitochondrial proteins in cancer could provide a global view of tumorigenesis and progression. Mass spectrometry-based quantitative mitochondrial proteomics fulfils this task by enabling systems-wide, accurate, and quantitative analysis of mitochondrial protein abundance, and mitochondrial protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs). Multiple quantitative proteomics techniques, including isotope-coded affinity tag, stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification, tandem mass tags, and label-free quantification, in combination with different PTM-peptide enrichment methods such as TiO2 enrichment of tryptic phosphopeptides and antibody enrichment of other PTM-peptides, increase flexibility for researchers to study mitochondrial proteomes. This article reviews isolation and purification of mitochondria, quantitative mitochondrial proteomics, quantitative mitochondrial phosphoproteomics, mitochondrial protein-involved signaling pathway networks, mitochondrial phosphoprotein-involved signaling pathway networks, integration of mitochondrial proteomic and phosphoproteomic data with whole tissue proteomic and transcriptomic data and clinical information in ovarian cancers (OC) to in-depth understand its molecular mechanisms, and discover effective mitochondrial biomarkers and therapeutic targets for predictive, preventive, and personalized treatment of OC. This proof-of-principle model about OC mitochondrial proteomics is easily implementable to other cancer types. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Mass Spec Rev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- University Creative Research Initiatives Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250062, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- University Creative Research Initiatives Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250062, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
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37
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Chung C, Seo W, Silwal P, Jo EK. Crosstalks between inflammasome and autophagy in cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:100. [PMID: 32703253 PMCID: PMC7376907 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00936-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Both inflammasomes and autophagy have important roles in the intracellular homeostasis, inflammation, and pathology; the dysregulation of these processes is often associated with the pathogenesis of numerous cancers. In addition, they can crosstalk with each other in multifaceted ways to influence various physiological and pathological responses, including cancer. Multiple molecular mechanisms connect the autophagy pathway to inflammasome activation and, through this, may influence the outcome of pro-tumor or anti-tumor responses depending on the cancer types, microenvironment, and the disease stage. In this review, we highlight the rapidly growing literature on the various mechanisms by which autophagy interacts with the inflammasome pathway, to encourage additional applications in the context of tumors. In addition, we provide insight into the mechanisms by which pathogen modulates the autophagy-inflammasome pathway to favor the infection-induced carcinogenesis. We also explore the challenges and opportunities of using multiple small molecules/agents to target the autophagy/inflammasome axis and their effects upon cancer treatment. Finally, we discuss the emerging clinical efforts assessing the potential usefulness of targeting approaches for either autophagy or inflammasome as anti-cancer strategies, although it remains underexplored in terms of their crosstalks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaeuk Chung
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Wonhyoung Seo
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Prashanta Silwal
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea. .,Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea. .,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.
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38
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Jin L, Zheng D, Yang G, Li W, Yang H, Jiang Q, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Xie X. Tilapia Skin Peptides Ameliorate Diabetic Nephropathy in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats and HG-Induced GMCs by Improving Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18070363. [PMID: 32679664 PMCID: PMC7401261 DOI: 10.3390/md18070363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major microvascular complications of diabetes, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed in the kidneys of diabetic patients. Tilapia skin peptides (TSPs) are mixtures of small-molecular-weight peptides derived from tilapia skin. Rising evidence suggests that bioactive peptides from marine sources are beneficial for DN. This study aimed to investigate whether TSPs can alleviate the pathological progress in experimental DN by improving mitochondrial dysfunction through the activation of Bnip3/Nix signaling. In the current study, TSPs treatment alleviated the metabolic parameters and renal morphology in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Additionally, TSPs treatment significantly activated Bnip3/Nix signaling and improved the mitochondrial morphology, reversed the over-production of mitochondrial superoxide and cellular reactive oxygen species and the decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, thereby inhibiting the expressions of fibronectin, collagen IV and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 in glomerular mesangial cells induced by high glucose. Collectively, our results suggest that TSPs show the renoprotective effect on DN by improving mitochondrial dysfunction, and they can be a potential therapeutic strategy for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (L.J.); (D.Z.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Dongxiao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (L.J.); (D.Z.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Guanyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (L.J.); (D.Z.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Wei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (W.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Huan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (W.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Yongjun Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (W.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yingxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (L.J.); (D.Z.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Xi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (L.J.); (D.Z.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-186-0895-8617
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Tumor microenvironment and epithelial mesenchymal transition as targets to overcome tumor multidrug resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2020; 53:100715. [PMID: 32679188 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2020.100715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that multifactorial drug resistance hinders successful cancer treatment. Tumor cell interactions with the tumor microenvironment (TME) are crucial in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and multidrug resistance (MDR). TME-induced factors secreted by cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) create an inflammatory microenvironment by recruiting immune cells. CD11b+/Gr-1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and inflammatory tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are main immune cell types which further enhance chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation nurtures tumor-initiating/cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), induces both EMT and MDR leading to tumor relapses. Pro-thrombotic microenvironment created by inflammatory cytokines and chemokines from TAMs, MDSCs and CAFs is also involved in EMT and MDR. MDSCs are the most common mediators of immunosuppression and are also involved in resistance to targeted therapies, e.g. BRAF inhibitors and oncolytic viruses-based therapies. Expansion of both cancer and stroma cells causes hypoxia by hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (e.g. HIF-1α) resulting in drug resistance. TME factors induce the expression of transcriptional EMT factors, MDR and metabolic adaptation of cancer cells. Promoters of several ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes contain binding sites for canonical EMT transcription factors, e.g. ZEB, TWIST and SNAIL. Changes in glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation and autophagy during EMT also promote MDR. Conclusively, EMT signaling simultaneously increases MDR. Owing to the multifactorial nature of MDR, targeting one mechanism seems to be non-sufficient to overcome resistance. Targeting inflammatory processes by immune modulatory compounds such as mTOR inhibitors, demethylating agents, low-dosed histone deacetylase inhibitors may decrease MDR. Targeting EMT and metabolic adaptation by small molecular inhibitors might also reverse MDR. In this review, we summarize evidence for TME components as causative factors of EMT and anticancer drug resistance.
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Yang F, Zhao Z, Sun B, Chen Q, Sun J, He Z, Luo C. Nanotherapeutics for Antimetastatic Treatment. Trends Cancer 2020; 6:645-659. [PMID: 32448754 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tumor metastases, that is, the development of secondary tumors in organs distant from the primary tumor, and their treatment remain a serious problem in cancer therapy. The unique challenges for tracking and treating tumor metastases lie in the small size, high heterogeneity, and wide dispersion to distant organs of metastases. Recently, nanomedicines, with the capacity to precisely deliver therapeutic agents to both primary and secondary tumors, have demonstrated many potential benefits for metastatic cancer theranostics. Given the remarkable progression in emerging nanotherapeutics for antimetastatic treatment, it is timely to summarize the latest advances in this field. This review highlights the rationale, advantages, and challenges for integrating biomedical nanotechnology with cancer biology to develop antimetastatic nanotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujun Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Bingjun Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Cong Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Li Z, Xu J, Cui H, Song J, Chen J, Wei J. Bioinformatics analysis of key biomarkers and potential molecular mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma induced by hepatitis B virus. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20302. [PMID: 32443377 PMCID: PMC7254842 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for up to 90% of all primary hepatic malignancies; it is the sixth most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Numerous studies have shown that hepatitis B virus and its products, HBV integration, and mutation can induce HCC. However, the molecular mechanisms underpinning the regulation of HCC induced by HBV remain unclear. METHODS We downloaded 2 gene expression profiling datasets, of HBV and of HCC induced by HBV, from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HCC and HBV were identified to explore any predisposing changes in gene expression associated with HCC. DEGs between HCC and adjacent healthy tissues were investigated to identify genes that may play a key role in HCC. Any overlapping genes among these DEGs were included in our bioinformatics analysis. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of overlapping genes were performed using the Metascape online database; the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was analyzed using the STRING online database; and we obtained the hub genes of the PPI network using Cytoscape software. An overall survival (OS) analysis of hub genes was performed using km-plotter and the gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA) online database. The expression levels of hub genes were determined using the TCGA and GEPIA databases. Finally, the relationships between hub genes and tumors were analyzed using the comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD). RESULTS We identified 113 overlapping genes from the 2 datasets. Using functional and pathway analyses, we found that the overlapping genes were mainly related to the AMPK signaling pathway and cellular responses to cadmium ions. C8A, SPP2, KLKB1, PROZ, C6, FETUB, MBL2, HGFAC, C8B, and ANGPTL3 were identified as hub genes and C8A, SPP2, PROZ, C6, HGFAC, and C8B were found to be significant for survival. CONCLUSION The DEGs re-analyzed between HCC and hepatitis B enable a systematic understanding of the molecular mechanisms of HCC reliant on hepatitis B virus.
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Ren L, Ruiz-Rodado V, Dowdy T, Huang S, Issaq SH, Beck J, Wang H, Tran Hoang C, Lita A, Larion M, LeBlanc AK. Glutaminase-1 (GLS1) inhibition limits metastatic progression in osteosarcoma. Cancer Metab 2020; 8:4. [PMID: 32158544 PMCID: PMC7057558 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-020-0209-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone tumor that often develops during the period of rapid growth associated with adolescence. Despite successful primary tumor control accompanied by adjuvant chemotherapy, death from pulmonary metastases occurs in approximately 30% of patients within 5 years. As overall survival in patients remains unchanged over the last 30 years, urgent needs for novel therapeutic strategies exist. Cancer metastasis is characterized by complex molecular events which result from alterations in gene and protein expression/function. Recent studies suggest that metabolic adaptations, or "metabolic reprogramming," may similarly contribute to cancer metastasis. The goal of this study was to specifically interrogate the metabolic vulnerabilities of highly metastatic OS cell lines in a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments, in order to identify a tractable metabolically targeted therapeutic strategy for patients. METHODS Nutrient deprivation and drug treatment experiments were performed in MG63.3, 143B, and K7M2 OS cell lines to identify the impact of glutaminase-1 (GLS1) inhibition and metformin treatment on cell proliferation. We functionally validated the impact of drug treatment with extracellular flux analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. 13C-glucose and 13C-glutamine tracing was employed to identify specific contributions of these nutrients to the global metabolic profiles generated with GLS1 inhibition and metformin treatment in vivo. RESULTS Highly metastatic OS cell lines require glutamine for proliferation, and exposure to CB-839, in combination with metformin, induces both primary tumor growth inhibition and a distinct reduction in metastatic outgrowth in vivo. Further, combination-treated OS cells showed a reduction in cellular mitochondrial respiration, while NMR confirmed the pharmacodynamic effects of glutaminase inhibition in tumor tissues. We observed global decreases in glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle functionality, alongside an increase in fatty acid oxidation and pyrimidine catabolism. CONCLUSIONS This data suggests combination-treated cells cannot compensate for metformin-induced electron transport chain inhibition by upregulating glutaminolysis to generate TCA cycle intermediates required for cell proliferation, translating into significant reductions in tumor growth and metastatic progression. This therapeutic approach could be considered for future clinical development for OS patients presenting with or at high risk of developing metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Ren
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - V. Ruiz-Rodado
- Metabolomics Section, NeuroOncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - T. Dowdy
- Metabolomics Section, NeuroOncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - S. Huang
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - S. H. Issaq
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - J. Beck
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - H. Wang
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - C. Tran Hoang
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - A. Lita
- Metabolomics Section, NeuroOncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - M. Larion
- Metabolomics Section, NeuroOncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - A. K. LeBlanc
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
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Brinker AE, Vivian CJ, Beadnell TC, Koestler DC, Teoh ST, Lunt SY, Welch DR. Mitochondrial Haplotype of the Host Stromal Microenvironment Alters Metastasis in a Non-cell Autonomous Manner. Cancer Res 2020; 80:1118-1129. [PMID: 31848195 PMCID: PMC7056497 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-2481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria contribute to tumor growth through multiple metabolic pathways, regulation of extracellular pH, calcium signaling, and apoptosis. Using the Mitochondrial Nuclear Exchange (MNX) mouse models, which pair nuclear genomes with different mitochondrial genomes, we previously showed that mitochondrial SNPs regulate mammary carcinoma tumorigenicity and metastatic potential in genetic crosses. Here, we tested the hypothesis that polymorphisms in stroma significantly affect tumorigenicity and experimental lung metastasis. Using syngeneic cancer cells (EO771 mammary carcinoma and B16-F10 melanoma cells) injected into wild-type and MNX mice (i.e., same nuclear DNA but different mitochondrial DNA), we showed mt-SNP-dependent increases (C3H/HeN) or decreases (C57BL/6J) in experimental metastasis. Superoxide scavenging reduced experimental metastasis. In addition, expression of lung nuclear-encoded genes changed specifically with mt-SNP. Thus, mitochondrial-nuclear cross-talk alters nuclear-encoded signaling pathways that mediate metastasis via both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. SIGNIFICANCE: Stromal mitochondrial polymorphisms affect metastatic colonization through reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial-nuclear cross-talk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E Brinker
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- The University Kansas Cancer Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Heartland Center for Mitochondrial Medicine
| | - Carolyn J Vivian
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Heartland Center for Mitochondrial Medicine
| | - Thomas C Beadnell
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- The University Kansas Cancer Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Heartland Center for Mitochondrial Medicine
| | - Devin C Koestler
- The University Kansas Cancer Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Shao Thing Teoh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Sophia Y Lunt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Danny R Welch
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- The University Kansas Cancer Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Heartland Center for Mitochondrial Medicine
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The clinicopathological significance of the adipophilin and fatty acid synthase expression in salivary duct carcinoma. Virchows Arch 2020; 477:291-299. [PMID: 32103349 PMCID: PMC7371671 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-020-02777-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is an aggressive, uncommon tumor histologically comparable to high-grade mammary ductal carcinoma. SDCs are usually androgen receptor (AR)–positive and often HER2-positive. Recently, therapies targeting these molecules for SDC have attracted attention. Lipid metabolism changes have been described in association with biological behavior in various cancers, although no such relationship has yet been reported for SDC. We therefore analyzed the clinicopathological relevance of the immunohistochemical expression of adipophilin (ADP) and fatty acid synthase (FASN), representative lipid metabolism–related proteins, in 147 SDCs. ADP and FASN were variably immunoreactive in most SDCs (both 99.3%), and the ADP and FASN expression was negatively correlated (P = 0.014). ADP-positive (≥ 5%) SDCs more frequently exhibited a prominent nuclear pleomorphism and high-Ki-67 labeling index than those ADP-negative (P = 0.013 and 0.011, respectively). In contrast, a high FASN score, calculated by the staining proportion and intensity, (≥ 120) was correlated with the high expression of AR and FOXA1 (P < 0.001 and = 0.003, respectively). The ADP and FASN expression differed significantly among the subtypes based on biomarker immunoprofiling, as assessed by the AR, HER2, and Ki-67 status (P = 0.017 and 0.003, respectively). A multivariate analysis showed that ADP-positive expression was associated with a shorter overall and progression-free survival (P = 0.018 and 0.003, respectively). ADP was associated with an aggressive histopathology and unfavorable prognosis, and FASN may biologically interact with the AR signaling pathway in SDC. ADP may, therefore, be a new prognostic indicator and therapeutic target in SDC.
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Huang M, Xiong H, Luo D, Xu B, Liu H. CSN5 upregulates glycolysis to promote hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis via stabilizing the HK2 protein. Exp Cell Res 2020; 388:111876. [PMID: 31991125 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis promotes metastasis and correlates with poorer clinical outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the controllers and mechanisms of abnormally activated glycolysis remain unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that the fifth component of the constitutive photomorphogenic 9 (COP9) signalosome complex (COPS5/CSN5) was a controller of glycolysis. For the first time, we found that CSN5 could influence the expression of glycolytic metabolism-associated proteins, especially hexokinase 2 (HK2), a glycolytic rate-limiting enzyme. In addition, we found that CSN5 was associated with HK2 overexpression in HCC tissues. Silencing CSN5 expression caused a decrease in the level of the HK2 protein, glucose uptake, glycolysis capacity and the production of glycolytic intermediates in HCC cells. Re-expression of HK2 rescued the decreased glycolytic flux induced by CSN5 knockdown, whereas inhibition of HK2 alleviated CSN5-enhanced glycolysis. Functionally, CSN5 regulated HCC cell invasion and metastasis via HK2-mediated glycolysis. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that CSN5 attenuated the ubiquitin-proteasome system-mediated degradation of HK2 through its deubiquitinase function. Inhibition of CSN5 kinase activity by curcumin decreased HK2 protein expression and glycolysis, repressed the metastasis of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo, and prolonged the survival time of tumor-bearing nude mice. Overall, our study identified CSN5 as a controller of glycolysis, and it may be a potential treatment target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwen Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Hu Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Dilai Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Bangran Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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Prieto I, Alarcón CR, García-Gómez R, Berdún R, Urgel T, Portero M, Pamplona R, Martínez-Ruiz A, Ruiz-Sanz JI, Ruiz-Larrea MB, Jove M, Cerdán S, Monsalve M. Metabolic adaptations in spontaneously immortalized PGC-1α knock-out mouse embryonic fibroblasts increase their oncogenic potential. Redox Biol 2019; 29:101396. [PMID: 31926622 PMCID: PMC6921228 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PGC-1α controls, to a large extent, the capacity of cells to respond to changing nutritional requirements and energetic demands. The key role of metabolic reprogramming in tumor development has highlighted the potential role of PGC-1α in cancer. To investigate how loss of PGC-1α activity in primary cells impacts the oncogenic characteristics of spontaneously immortalized cells, and the mechanisms involved, we used the classic 3T3 protocol to generate spontaneously immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (iMEFs) from wild-type (WT) and PGC-1α knockout (KO) mice and analyzed their oncogenic potential in vivo and in vitro. We found that PGC-1α KO iMEFs formed larger and more proliferative primary tumors than WT counterparts, and fostered the formation of lung metastasis by B16 melanoma cells. These characteristics were associated with the reduced capacity of KO iMEFs to respond to cell contact inhibition, in addition to an increased ability to form colonies in soft agar, an enhanced migratory capacity, and a reduced growth factor dependence. The mechanistic basis of this phenotype is likely associated with the observed higher levels of nuclear β-catenin and c-myc in KO iMEFs. Evaluation of the metabolic adaptations of the immortalized cell lines identified a decrease in oxidative metabolism and an increase in glycolytic flux in KO iMEFs, which were also more dependent on glutamine for their survival. Furthermore, glucose oxidation and tricarboxylic acid cycle forward flux were reduced in KO iMEF, resulting in the induction of compensatory anaplerotic pathways. Indeed, analysis of amino acid and lipid patterns supported the efficient use of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates to synthesize lipids and proteins to support elevated cell growth rates. All these characteristics have been observed in aggressive tumors and support a tumor suppressor role for PGC-1α, restraining metabolic adaptations in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Prieto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carmen Rubio Alarcón
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Raquel García-Gómez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Berdún
- Institut de Recerca Biomédica Lleida, Avda, Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Tamara Urgel
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Manuel Portero
- Institut de Recerca Biomédica Lleida, Avda, Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Institut de Recerca Biomédica Lleida, Avda, Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Antonio Martínez-Ruiz
- Unidad de Ivestigación, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP). Maestro Vives 3, 28009, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain.
| | - José Ignacio Ruiz-Sanz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitea, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940, Leioa, Spain.
| | - M Begoña Ruiz-Larrea
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitea, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940, Leioa, Spain.
| | - Mariona Jove
- Institut de Recerca Biomédica Lleida, Avda, Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Sebastián Cerdán
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Monsalve
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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Tomasin R, Martin ACBM, Cominetti MR. Metastasis and cachexia: alongside in clinics, but not so in animal models. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2019; 10:1183-1194. [PMID: 31436396 PMCID: PMC6903449 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by lean mass wasting (with or without fat mass decrease), culminating in involuntary weight loss, which is the key clinical observation nowadays. There is a notable lack of studies involving animal models to mimic the clinical reality, which are mostly patients with cachexia and metastatic disease. This mismatch between the clinical reality and animal models could at least partly contribute to the poor translation observed in the field. In this paper, we retrieved and compared animal models used for cachexia research from 2017 and 10 years earlier (2007) and observed that very little has changed. Especially, clinically relevant models where cachexia is studied in an orthotopic or metastatic context were and still are very scarce. Finally, we described and supported the biological rationale behind why, despite technical challenges, these two phenomena-metastasis and cachexia-should be modelled in parallel, highlighting the overlapping pathways between them. To sum up, this review aims to contribute to rethinking and possibly switching the models currently used for cachexia research, to hopefully obtain better and more translational outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeka Tomasin
- Laboratory of Biology of Aging (LABEN), Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Márcia Regina Cominetti
- Laboratory of Biology of Aging (LABEN), Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
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Redox-Mediated Mechanism of Chemoresistance in Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8100471. [PMID: 31658599 PMCID: PMC6826977 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) status is stabilized by a balance of ROS generation and elimination called redox homeostasis. ROS is increased by activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase family members and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis of mitochondria. Increased ROS is detoxified by superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxiredoxins. ROS has a role as a secondary messenger in signal transduction. Cancer cells induce fluctuations of redox homeostasis by variation of ROS regulated machinery, leading to increased tumorigenesis and chemoresistance. Redox-mediated mechanisms of chemoresistance include endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated autophagy, increased cell cycle progression, and increased conversion to metastasis or cancer stem-like cells. This review discusses changes of the redox state in tumorigenesis and redox-mediated mechanisms involved in tolerance to chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer.
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Lu X, Wu N, Yang W, Sun J, Yan K, Wu J. OGDH promotes the progression of gastric cancer by regulating mitochondrial bioenergetics and Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7489-7500. [PMID: 31686854 PMCID: PMC6752206 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s208848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aims 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH) is the first rate-limiting E1 subunit of OGDH complex (OGDHC), which plays as a regulatory point in the cross-road of TCA cycle and glutamine metabolism. Until now, the role of OGDH in carcinogenesis has been unclear. Methods In the present study, we determined the expression of OGDH in human gastric cancer (GC) tissues and cell lines by RT-qPCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining respectively. The biological impacts of OGDH on cell growth and migration were explored through modulation OGDH expression in GC cells. Furthermore, mitochondrial functions and Wnt/β-catenin signal were analyzed to elucidate the mechanism by which OGDH was involved in GC progression. Results The results showed that the levels of OGDH mRNA and protein were significantly higher in GC tissues, which was positively correlated with clinicalpathological parameters of GC patients. OGDH inhibitor SP significantly suppressed GC cell viability. Modulation of OGDH had distinct effects on cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell migration in the GC cell lines AGS and BGC823. Overexpression of OGDH resulted in the downregulation of the EMT molecular markers E-cadherin and ZO-1, the upregulation of N-cadherin and claudin-1. OGDH deficiency had the opposite outcomes in GC cells. Meantime, OGDH knockdown cells showed decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, oxygen consumption rate, intracellular ATP product, and increased ROS level and NADP+/NADPH ratio. Consistently, overexpression of OGDH enhanced the mitochondrial function in GC cells. Furthermore, OGDH knockdown reduced the expressions of β-catenin, slug and TCF8/ZEB1, and the downstream targets cyclin D1 and MMP9 in GC cells. OGDH overexpression facilitated the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway. Additionally, overexpression of OGDH promoted tumorigenesis of GC cells in nude mice. Conclusion Taken together, these results indicate that OGDH serves as a positive regulator of GC progression through enhancement of mitochondrial function and activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lu
- Biomedical-Information Engineering Laboratory of State Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life and Science Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wu
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanli Yang
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Kemin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- Biomedical-Information Engineering Laboratory of State Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life and Science Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, People's Republic of China
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Glutamine Metabolism Is Essential for Stemness of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Bone Homeostasis. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:8928934. [PMID: 31611919 PMCID: PMC6757285 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8928934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeleton has emerged as an endocrine organ which is both capable of regulating energy metabolism and being a target for it. Glutamine is the most bountiful and flexible amino acid in the body which provides adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) demands for cells. Emerging evidences support that glutamine which acts as the second metabolic regulator after glucose exerts crucial roles in bone homeostasis at cellular level, including the lineage allocation and proliferation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), the matrix mineralization of osteoblasts, and the biosynthesis in chondrocytes. The integrated mechanism consisting of WNT, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling pathway in a glutamine-dependent pattern is responsible to regulate the complex intrinsic biological process, despite more extensive molecules are deserved to be elucidated in glutamine metabolism further. Indeed, dysfunctional glutamine metabolism enhances the development of degenerative bone diseases, such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, and glutamine or glutamine progenitor supplementation can partially restore bone defects which may promote treatment of bone diseases, although the mechanisms are not quite clear. In this review, we will summarize and update the latest research findings and clinical trials on the crucial regulatory roles of glutamine metabolism in BMSCs and BMSC-derived bone cells, also followed with the osteoclasts which are important in bone resorption.
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