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Poddar D, Sharma N, Ogino T, Qi X, Kessler PM, Mendries H, Dutta R, Sen GC. The interferon-induced protein, IFIT2, requires RNA-binding activity and neuronal expression to protect mice from intranasal vesicular stomatitis virus infection. mBio 2024; 15:e0056824. [PMID: 38888342 PMCID: PMC11253605 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00568-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The interferon (IFN) system protects mammals from diseases caused by virus infections. IFN synthesis is induced by pattern recognition receptor signaling pathways activated by virus infection. IFN is secreted from the infected cells and acts upon neighboring cells by binding cell surface receptors and triggering induction of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes and proteins, many of which block different steps of virus replication. The IFN-induced tetratricopeptide repeat proteins (IFIT) are a family of RNA-binding proteins. We and others have previously reported that IFIT2 protects mice from many neurotropic RNA viruses; indeed, Ifit2-/- mice are very susceptible to intranasal or subcutaneous infections with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Here, using a newly generated conditional knockout mouse, we report that ablation of Ifit2 expression only in neuronal cells was sufficient to render mice susceptible to neuropathogenesis caused by intranasal, but not subcutaneous, infection of VSV. Another genetically modified mouse line, expressing a mutant IFIT2 that cannot bind RNA, was as susceptible to VSV infection as Ifit2-/- mice. These results demonstrated that IFIT2 RNA-binding activity is essential for protecting mice against neurological diseases caused by intranasal infection of VSV.IMPORTANCEInterferon's (IFN's) antiviral effects are mediated by the proteins encoded by the interferon-stimulated genes. IFN-stimulated genes (IFIT2) is one such protein, which inhibits replication of many RNA viruses in the mouse brain and the resultant neuropathology. Our study sheds light on how IFIT2 works. By ablating Ifit2 expression only in neuronal cells, using a newly generated conditional knockout mouse line, we showed that Ifit2 induction in the neurons of the infected mouse was necessary for antiviral function of interferon. IFIT2 has no known enzyme activity; instead, it functions by binding to cellular or viral proteins or RNAs. We engineered a new mouse line that expressed a mutant IFIT2 that cannot bind RNA. These mice were very susceptible to infection with vesicular stomatitis virus indicating that the RNA-binding property of IFIT2 was essential for its antiviral function in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshana Poddar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nikhil Sharma
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Tomoaki Ogino
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Xu Qi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Patricia M. Kessler
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Hiran Mendries
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ranjan Dutta
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ganes C. Sen
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Abdelrahaman D, Habotta OA, Ateya A, Aldarmahi AA, El-Shafei RA, Badawy MM, El-Mansy AA, A-Elgadir TM, Nada AM, Elhadidy MG, Hamza E, Alwutayed KM, El-Sherbiny M, Fericean L, Imbrea F, Abdeen A. Nootkatone Counteracts Melamine-Mediated Nephrotoxicity via Modulation of Intermediate Filament Proteins, Oxidative, Inflammatory, and Apoptotic Events. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:2989-3004. [PMID: 39050805 PMCID: PMC11268755 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s466286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Nootkatone (NK), a bioactive sesquiterpene ketone, is a major ingredient in grapefruit that has distinguished biological activities. Melamine (MM), a food adulterant, was reported to induce toxic effects including renal disorders. Hence, this protocol was devoted to evaluate the renoprotective impact of NK toward MM-evoked renal damage. Methods Rats were either exposed to MM (700 mg/kg) or a combination of MM and two doses of NK (5 and 10 mg/kg). Results The results showed that NK therapy notably decreased the kidney functional parameters, along with KIM-1 and NGAL expressions of MM group. Furthermore, a decrease in MDA and NO levels as well as an elevation in SOD, CAT, GSH, and SOD and NRF2 mRNA expression in the NK group demonstrated NK's ability to enhance the renal antioxidant defense of the MM group. Significant suppression in renal inflammatory markers was achieved by NK via lessening of IL-1β and TNF-α, besides downregulation of NF-κB and IL-1β expressions. NK also downregulated vimentin, nestin, and desmin in the MM group. Additionally, in response to the MM exposure, NK hindered renal apoptosis by decreasing caspase-3 expression and restoring renal histopathological features. Conclusion These outcomes suggest that NK can be considered as a prospective candidate to guard against MM exposure-mediated renal toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Abdelrahaman
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ola A Habotta
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ateya
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Aldarmahi
- Department of Basic Science, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- National Guard- Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Jeddah, 21582, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham A El-Shafei
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Badawy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Mansy
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Thoraya M A-Elgadir
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aml M Nada
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mona G Elhadidy
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, Al Aqiq, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Hamza
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Horus University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Khairiah M Alwutayed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Liana Fericean
- Department of Biology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences “king Michael I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului, Romania
| | - Florin Imbrea
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Calea Aradului, Romania
| | - Ahmed Abdeen
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt
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3
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Fakhraei Khosravieh Z, Nekounam H, Asgari F, Haghighipour N. Electrospun PAN/PANI/CNT scaffolds and electrical pulses: a pathway to stem cell-derived nerve regeneration. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2024; 10:055010. [PMID: 38959871 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ad5e84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Biocompatible polymer-based scaffolds hold great promise for neural repair, especially when they are coupled with electrostimulation to induce neural differentiation. In this study, a combination of polyacrylonitrile/polyaniline (PAN/PANI) and Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) were used to fabricate three different biomimetic electrospun scaffolds (samples 1, 2 and 3 containing 0.26 wt%, 1 wt% and 2 wt% of CNTs, respectively). These scaffolds underwent thorough characterization for assessing electroconductivity, tensile strength, wettability, degradability, swelling, XRD, and FTIR data. Notably, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed a three-dimensional scaffold morphology with aligned fibers ranging from 60 nm to 292 nm in diameter. To comprehensively investigate the impact of electrical stimulation on the nervous differentiation of the stem cells seeded on these scaffolds, cell morphology and adhesion were assessed based on SEM images. Additionally, scaffold biocompatibility was studied through MTT assay. Importantly, Real-Time PCR results indicated the expression of neural markers-Nestin,β-tubulin III, and MAP2-by the cells cultured on these samples. In comparison with the control group, samples 1 and 2 exhibited significant increases in Nestin marker expression, indicating early stages of neuronal differentiation, whileβ-tubulin III expression was significantly reduced and MAP2 expression remained statistically unchanged. In contrast, sample 3 did not display a statistically significant upturn in Nestin maker expression, while showcasing remarkable increases in the expression of both MAP2 andβ-tubulin III, as markers of the end stages of differentiation, leading to postmitotic neurons. These results could be attributed to the higher electroconductivity of S3 compared to other samples. Our findings highlight the biomimetic potential of the prepared scaffolds for neural repair, illustrating their effectiveness in guiding stem cell differentiation toward a neural lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Houra Nekounam
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Asgari
- National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chang FC, James MM, Zhou Y, Ando Y, Zareie HM, Yang J, Zhang M. Human Neural Stem Cell Expansion in Natural Polymer Scaffolds Under Chemically Defined Condition. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2400224. [PMID: 38963310 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The maintenance and expansion of human neural stem cells (hNSCs) in 3D tissue scaffolds is a promising strategy in producing cost-effective hNSCs with quality and quantity applicable for clinical applications. A few biopolymers have been extensively used to fabricate 3D scaffolds, including hyaluronic acid, collagen, alginate, and chitosan, due to their bioactive nature and availability. However, these polymers are usually applied in combination with other biomolecules, leading to their responses difficult to ascribe to. Here, scaffolds made of chitosan, alginate, hyaluronic acid, or collagen, are explored for hNSC expansion under xeno-free and chemically defined conditions and compared for hNSC multipotency maintenance. This study shows that the scaffolds made of pure chitosan support the highest adhesion and growth of hNSCs, yielding the most viable cells with NSC marker protein expression. In contrast, the presence of alginate, hyaluronic acid, or collagen induces differentiation toward immature neurons and astrocytes even in the maintenance medium and absence of differentiation factors. The cells in pure chitosan scaffolds preserve the level of transmembrane protein profile similar to that of standard culture. These findings point to the potential of using pure chitosan scaffolds as a base scaffolding material for hNSC expansion in 3D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Chien Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Matthew Michael James
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Yoshiki Ando
- Materials Department, Medical R&D Center, Corporate R&D Group, KYOCERA Corporation, Yasu, Shiga, 520-2362, Japan
| | - Hadi M Zareie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Jihui Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Miqin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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Idotta C, Pagano MA, Tibaldi E, Cadamuro M, Saetti R, Silvestrini M, Pigato G, Leanza L, Peruzzo R, Meneghetti L, Piazza S, Meneguzzo P, Favaro A, Grassi L, Toffanin T, Brunati AM. Neural stem/progenitor cells from olfactory neuroepithelium collected by nasal brushing as a cell model reflecting molecular and cellular dysfunctions in schizophrenia. World J Biol Psychiatry 2024; 25:317-329. [PMID: 38869228 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2024.2357096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neural stem/progenitor cells derived from olfactory neuroepithelium (hereafter olfactory neural stem/progenitor cells, ONSPCs) are emerging as a potential tool in the exploration of psychiatric disorders. The present study intended to assess whether ONSPCs could help discern individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) from non-schizophrenic (NS) subjects by exploring specific cellular and molecular features. METHODS ONSPCs were collected from 19 in-patients diagnosed with SZ and 31 NS individuals and propagated in basal medium. Mitochondrial ATP production, expression of β-catenin and cell proliferation, which are described to be altered in SZ, were examined in freshly isolated or newly thawed ONSPCs after a few culture passages. RESULTS SZ-ONSPCs exhibited a lower mitochondrial ATP production and insensitivity to agents capable of positively or negatively affecting β-catenin expression with respect to NS-ONSPCs. As to proliferation, it declined in SZ-ONSPCs as the number of culture passages increased compared to a steady level of growth shown by NS-ONSPCs. CONCLUSIONS The ease and safety of sample collection as well as the differences observed between NS- and SZ-ONSPCs, may lay the groundwork for a new approach to obtain biological material from a large number of living individuals and gain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying SZ pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Idotta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mario Angelo Pagano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena Tibaldi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Saetti
- Department of Otolaryngology, San Bortolo Hospital, ULSS 8 Berica, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Marina Silvestrini
- Department of Otolaryngology, San Bortolo Hospital, ULSS 8 Berica, Vicenza, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberta Peruzzo
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Stefano Piazza
- Department of Mental Health, ULSS 8 Berica, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Paolo Meneguzzo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Angela Favaro
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Luigi Grassi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tommaso Toffanin
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Mandal A, Moneme C, Tewari BP, Goldstein AM, Sontheimer H, Cheng L, Moore SR, Levin D. A novel method for culturing enteric neurons generates neurospheres containing functional myenteric neuronal subtypes. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 407:110144. [PMID: 38670535 PMCID: PMC11144385 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The enteric nervous system (ENS) is comprised of neurons, glia, and neural progenitor cells that regulate essential gastrointestinal functions. Advances in high-efficiency enteric neuron culture would facilitate discoveries surrounding ENS regulatory processes, pathophysiology, and therapeutics. NEW METHOD Development of a simple, robust, one-step method to culture murine enteric neurospheres in a 3D matrix that supports neural growth and differentiation. RESULTS Myenteric plexus cells isolated from the entire length of adult murine small intestine formed ≥3000 neurospheres within 7 days. Matrigel-embedded neurospheres exhibited abundant neural stem and progenitor cells expressing Sox2, Sox10 and Msi1 by day 4. By day 5, neural progenitor cell marker Nestin appeared in the periphery of neurospheres prior to differentiation. Neurospheres produced extensive neurons and neurites, confirmed by Tubulin beta III, PGP9.5, HuD/C, and NeuN immunofluorescence, including neural subtypes Calretinin, ChAT, and nNOS following 8 days of differentiation. Individual neurons within and external to neurospheres generated depolarization induced action potentials which were inhibited in the presence of sodium channel blocker, Tetrodotoxin. Differentiated neurospheres also contained a limited number of glia and endothelial cells. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS This novel one-step neurosphere growth and differentiation culture system, in 3D format (in the presence of GDNF, EGF, and FGF2), allows for ∼2-fold increase in neurosphere count in the derivation of enteric neurons with measurable action potentials. CONCLUSION Our method describes a novel, robust 3D culture of electrophysiologically active enteric neurons from adult myenteric neural stem and progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arabinda Mandal
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Chioma Moneme
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Bhanu P Tewari
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Allan M Goldstein
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Harald Sontheimer
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Lily Cheng
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sean R Moore
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
| | - Daniel Levin
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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7
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Tong Z, Yin Z. Distribution, contribution and regulation of nestin + cells. J Adv Res 2024; 61:47-63. [PMID: 37648021 PMCID: PMC11258671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nestin is an intermediate filament first reported in neuroepithelial stem cells. Nestin expression could be found in a variety of tissues throughout all systems of the body, especially during tissue development and tissue regeneration processes. AIM OF REVIEW This review aimed to summarize and discuss current studies on the distribution, contribution and regulation of nestin+ cells in different systems of the body, to discuss the feasibility ofusing nestin as a marker of multilineage stem/progenitor cells, and better understand the potential roles of nestin+ cells in tissue development, regeneration and pathological processes. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review highlights the potential of nestin as a marker of multilineage stem/progenitor cells, and as a key factor in tissue development and tissue regeneration. The article discussed the current findings, limitations, and potential clinical implications or applications of nestin+ cells. Additionally, it included the relationship of nestin+ cells to other cell populations. We propose potential future research directions to encourage further investigation in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Tong
- Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zi Yin
- Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
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8
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Kum Özşengezer S, Altun ZS, Sanlav G, Baran B, Kızmazoğlu D, Aktaş S, Keskinoğlu P, Olgun N. Investigation of YAP-1, OTX-2, and nestin protein expressions in neuroblastoma: a preliminary study. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024. [PMID: 38925618 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. YAP (Yes-associated protein) is a highly expressed protein in NB. Nestin is an important marker of neuronal differentiation in NB. Orthodenticle homeobox (OTX) is a transcription factor and is overexpressed in blastoma-derived tumors. The aim of this study was to examine the potential roles of YAP-1, Nestin, and OTX-2 proteins in prognosis and risk stratification in neuroblastoma METHODS: Tumor sections of 56 patients with different NB risk groups were analyzed. YAP-1, Nestin, and OTX-2 protein expression levels were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining in NB patient tissue samples. RESULTS YAP-1, Nestin, and OTX-2 protein expression levels were evaluated together with the clinical findings of NB patients. YAP-1 was expressed in 18% of all tissues, while Nestin was expressed in 20.4%. OTX-2 protein expression was found in 41.1% of the NB patients. YAP-1 was expressed in 26.9% of high-risk and 11.5% of low-risk patients. Nestin was expressed in 24.4% high-risk and 33.3% low-risk patients. OTX-2 was expressed in 68.2% high-risk and 60% low-risk patients.YAP-1 was shown to provide survival advantages among risk groups. INTERPRETATION The findings of this study support that YAP-1 may be a potential prognostic biomarker for staging and risk-group assignment of NB patients. YAP-1 expression in neuroblastoma is associated with significantly poorer survival probabilities and should be considered as a potential therapeutic target. OTX-2 is a promising predictive biomarker candidate, but its mechanisms need further investigation in neuroblastoma, as nestin expression is not significantly linked to patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selen Kum Özşengezer
- Department of Basic Oncology, Oncology Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zekiye Sultan Altun
- Department of Basic Oncology, Oncology Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gamze Sanlav
- Department of Basic Oncology, Oncology Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Burçin Baran
- Department of Basic Oncology, Oncology Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Deniz Kızmazoğlu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Safiye Aktaş
- Department of Basic Oncology, Oncology Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pembe Keskinoğlu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nur Olgun
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
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Cizkova D, Zurmanova JM, Gerykova L, Kouvelas A, Heles M, Elsnicova B, Galatik F, Silhavy J, Pravenec M, Mokry J. Nestin expression in intact and hypertrophic myocardium of spontaneously hypertensive rats during aging. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2024; 45:41-51. [PMID: 36690826 PMCID: PMC11096222 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-023-09641-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Nestin is a unique intermediate filament expressed for a short period in the developing heart. It was also documented in several cell types of the adult myocardium under pathological conditions such as myocardial infarction or fibrosis. However, circumstances of nestin re-occurrence in the diseased or aging heart have not been elucidated yet. In this work we immunohistochemically detected nestin to determine its expression and distribution pattern in the left ventricular myocardium of normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats and in the hypertrophic ones of spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats, both at the age of 1 and 1.5 year. No nestin+ cells were identified in the intact myocardium of 1-year-old WKY rats, whereas in the aged 1.5-year-old WKY rats nestin+ endothelial cells in some blood vessels were discovered. In the hypertrophic myocardium of all SHR rats, nestin was rarely detected in desmin+ vimentin- cardiomyocytes and in some vimentin+ interstitial cells often accumulated in clusters, varying in intensity of desmin immunoreactivity. Moreover, nestin was infrequently expressed in the endothelial cells of some myocardial blood vessels in 1-year-old SHR rats, but not in 1.5-year-old ones. Quantitative image analysis of nestin expression in the myocardium confirmed significant increase in 1.5-year-old WKY rats and in SHR rats of both ages compared to the intact 1-year-old WKY rats. This study firstly documents nestin re-expression indicating cytoskeletal remodelling in different cell types of the aging intact and chronically pressure over-loaded hypertrophied myocardium. Our findings confirm nestin involvement in complex changes during myocardial hypertrophy and progressive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Cizkova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka M Zurmanova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Gerykova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandros Kouvelas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Mario Heles
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbara Elsnicova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Galatik
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Silhavy
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Pravenec
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Mokry
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Xie S, Xie X, Tang J, Luo B, Chen J, Wen Q, Zhou J, Chen G. Cerebral furin deficiency causes hydrocephalus in mice. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101009. [PMID: 38292192 PMCID: PMC10825277 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Furin is a pro-protein convertase that moves between the trans-Golgi network and cell surface in the secretory pathway. We have previously reported that cerebral overexpression of furin promotes cognitive functions in mice. Here, by generating the brain-specific furin conditional knockout (cKO) mice, we investigated the role of furin in brain development. We found that furin deficiency caused early death and growth retardation. Magnetic resonance imaging showed severe hydrocephalus. In the brain of furin cKO mice, impaired ciliogenesis and the derangement of microtubule structures appeared along with the down-regulated expression of RAB28, a ciliary vesicle protein. In line with the widespread neuronal loss, ependymal cell layers were damaged. Further proteomics analysis revealed that cell adhesion molecules including astrocyte-enriched ITGB8 and BCAR1 were altered in furin cKO mice; and astrocyte overgrowth was accompanied by the reduced expression of SOX9, indicating a disrupted differentiation into ependymal cells. Together, whereas alteration of RAB28 expression correlated with the role of vesicle trafficking in ciliogenesis, dysfunctional astrocytes might be involved in ependymal damage contributing to hydrocephalus in furin cKO mice. The structural and molecular alterations provided a clue for further studying the potential mechanisms of furin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Xie
- Nursing College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaoyong Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Biao Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qixin Wen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jianrong Zhou
- Nursing College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China
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11
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Yang L, Bu X, Lu X, Wan J, Zhang X, Zhang W, Zhong L. SERS-based long-term mitochondrial pH monitoring during differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells to neural progenitor cells. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:2926-2936. [PMID: 38855674 PMCID: PMC11161384 DOI: 10.1364/boe.519931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
As one of the important organelles in the process of cell differentiation, mitochondria regulate the whole process of differentiation by participating in energy supply and information transmission. Mitochondrial pH value is a key indicator of mitochondrial function. Therefore, real-time monitoring of mitochondrial pH value during cell differentiation is of great significance for understanding cell biochemical processes and exploring differentiation mechanisms. In this study, Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology was used to achieve the real-time monitoring of mitochondrial pH during induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) differentiation into neural progenitor cells (NPCs). The results showed that the variation trend of mitochondrial pH in normal and abnormal differentiated batches was different. The mitochondrial pH value of normal differentiated cells continued to decline from iPSCs to embryoid bodies (EB) day 4, and continued to rise from EB day 4 to the NPCs stage, and the mitochondrial microenvironment of iPSCs to NPCs differentiation became acidic. In contrast, the mitochondrial pH value of abnormally differentiated cells declined continuously during differentiation. This study improves the information on acid-base balance during cell differentiation and may provide a basis for further understanding of the changes and regulatory mechanisms of mitochondrial metabolism during cell differentiation. This also helps to improve more accurate and useful differentiation protocols based on the microenvironment within the mitochondria, improving the efficiency of cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoya Bu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoxu Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianhui Wan
- Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Integrated Sensing and Communication of Ministry of Education, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Integrated Sensing and Communication of Ministry of Education, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weina Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Integrated Sensing and Communication of Ministry of Education, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liyun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Integrated Sensing and Communication of Ministry of Education, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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12
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Ogunlusi O, Sarkar M, Chakrabarti A, Boland DJ, Nguyen T, Sampson J, Nguyen C, Fails D, Jones-Hall Y, Fu L, Mallick B, Keene A, Jones J, Sarkar TR. Disruption of Circadian Clock Induces Abnormal Mammary Morphology and Aggressive Basal Tumorigenesis by Enhancing LILRB4 Signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.19.585534. [PMID: 38562905 PMCID: PMC10983926 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.19.585534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) is associated with the risk of breast cancer. However, the role of CRD in mammary gland morphology and aggressive basal mammary tumorigenesis and the molecular mechanisms underlying CRD and cancer risk remain unknown. To investigate the effect of CRD on aggressive tumorigenesis, a genetically engineered mouse model that recapitulates the human basal type of breast cancer was used for this study. The effect of CRD on mammary gland morphology was investigated using wild-type mice model. The impact of CRD on the tumor microenvironment was investigated using the tumors from LD12:12 and CRD mice via scRNA seq. ScRNA seq was substantiated by multiplexing immunostaining, flow cytometry, and realtime PCR. The effect of LILRB4 immunotherapy on CRD-induced tumorigenesis was also investigated. Here we identified the impact of CRD on basal tumorigenesis and mammary gland morphology and identified the role of LILRB4 on CRD-induced lung metastasis. We found that chronic CRD disrupted mouse mammary gland morphology and increased tumor burden, and lung metastasis and induced an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by enhancing LILRB4a expression. Moreover, CRD increased the M2-macrophage and regulatory T-cell populations but decreased the M1-macrophage populations. Furthermore, targeted immunotherapy against LILRB4 reduced CRD-induced immunosuppressive microenvironment and lung metastasis. These findings identify and implicate LILRB4a as a link between CRD and aggressive mammary tumorigenesis. This study also establishes the potential role of the targeted LILRB4a immunotherapy as an inhibitor of CRD-induced lung metastasis.
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Arvanitaki ES, Goulielmaki E, Gkirtzimanaki K, Niotis G, Tsakani E, Nenedaki E, Rouska I, Kefalogianni M, Xydias D, Kalafatakis I, Psilodimitrakopoulos S, Karagogeos D, Schumacher B, Stratakis E, Garinis GA. Microglia-derived extracellular vesicles trigger age-related neurodegeneration upon DNA damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2317402121. [PMID: 38635632 PMCID: PMC11047102 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317402121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA damage and neurodegenerative disorders are intimately linked but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we show that persistent DNA lesions in tissue-resident macrophages carrying an XPF-ERCC1 DNA repair defect trigger neuroinflammation and neuronal cell death in mice. We find that microglia accumulate dsDNAs and chromatin fragments in the cytosol, which are sensed thereby stimulating a viral-like immune response in Er1Cx/- and naturally aged murine brain. Cytosolic DNAs are packaged into extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are released from microglia and discharge their dsDNA cargo into IFN-responsive neurons triggering cell death. To remove cytosolic dsDNAs and prevent inflammation, we developed targeting EVs to deliver recombinant DNase I to Er1Cx/- brain microglia in vivo. We show that EV-mediated elimination of cytosolic dsDNAs is sufficient to prevent neuroinflammation, reduce neuronal apoptosis, and delay the onset of neurodegenerative symptoms in Er1Cx/- mice. Together, our findings unveil a causal mechanism leading to neuroinflammation and provide a rationalized therapeutic strategy against age-related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermioni S. Arvanitaki
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71409, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Evi Goulielmaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Katerina Gkirtzimanaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
| | - George Niotis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71409, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Edisona Tsakani
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71409, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Electra Nenedaki
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71409, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Iliana Rouska
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71409, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Mary Kefalogianni
- Department of Physics, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71003, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR71110, Crete, Greece
| | - Dionysios Xydias
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR71110, Crete, Greece
- Materials Science and Technology Department, University of Crete, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Ilias Kalafatakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
- Medical School, Division of Basic Sciences, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71003, Crete, Greece
| | - Sotiris Psilodimitrakopoulos
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR71110, Crete, Greece
| | - Domna Karagogeos
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
- Medical School, Division of Basic Sciences, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71003, Crete, Greece
| | - Björn Schumacher
- Institute for Genome Stability in Ageing and Disease, Medical Faculty, University and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne50931, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne50931, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR71110, Crete, Greece
| | - George A. Garinis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71409, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
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14
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D'Incal C, Van Dijck A, Ibrahim J, De Man K, Bastini L, Konings A, Elinck E, Gozes L, Marusic Z, Anicic M, Vukovic J, Van der Aa N, Mateiu L, Vanden Berghe W, Kooy RF. ADNP dysregulates methylation and mitochondrial gene expression in the cerebellum of a Helsmoortel-Van der Aa syndrome autopsy case. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:62. [PMID: 38637827 PMCID: PMC11027339 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-024-01743-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helsmoortel-Van der Aa syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder in which patients present with autism, intellectual disability, and frequent extra-neurological features such as feeding and gastrointestinal problems, visual impairments, and cardiac abnormalities. All patients exhibit heterozygous de novo nonsense or frameshift stop mutations in the Activity-Dependent Neuroprotective Protein (ADNP) gene, accounting for a prevalence of 0.2% of all autism cases worldwide. ADNP fulfills an essential chromatin remodeling function during brain development. In this study, we investigated the cerebellum of a died 6-year-old male patient with the c.1676dupA/p.His559Glnfs*3 ADNP mutation. RESULTS The clinical presentation of the patient was representative of the Helsmoortel-Van der Aa syndrome. During his lifespan, he underwent two liver transplantations after which the child died because of multiple organ failure. An autopsy was performed, and various tissue samples were taken for further analysis. We performed a molecular characterization of the cerebellum, a brain region involved in motor coordination, known for its highest ADNP expression and compared it to an age-matched control subject. Importantly, epigenome-wide analysis of the ADNP cerebellum identified CpG methylation differences and expression of multiple pathways causing neurodevelopmental delay. Interestingly, transcription factor motif enrichment analysis of differentially methylated genes showed that the ADNP binding motif was the most significantly enriched. RNA sequencing of the autopsy brain further identified downregulation of the WNT signaling pathway and autophagy defects as possible causes of neurodevelopmental delay. Ultimately, label-free quantification mass spectrometry identified differentially expressed proteins involved in mitochondrial stress and sirtuin signaling pathways amongst others. Protein-protein interaction analysis further revealed a network including chromatin remodelers (ADNP, SMARCC2, HDAC2 and YY1), autophagy-related proteins (LAMP1, BECN1 and LC3) as well as a key histone deacetylating enzyme SIRT1, involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism. The protein interaction of ADNP with SIRT1 was further biochemically validated through the microtubule-end binding proteins EB1/EB3 by direct co-immunoprecipitation in mouse cerebellum, suggesting important mito-epigenetic crosstalk between chromatin remodeling and mitochondrial energy metabolism linked to autophagy stress responses. This is further supported by mitochondrial activity assays and stainings in patient-derived fibroblasts which suggest mitochondrial dysfunctions in the ADNP deficient human brain. CONCLUSION This study forms the baseline clinical and molecular characterization of an ADNP autopsy cerebellum, providing novel insights in the disease mechanisms of the Helsmoortel-Van der Aa syndrome. By combining multi-omic and biochemical approaches, we identified a novel SIRT1-EB1/EB3-ADNP protein complex which may contribute to autophagic flux alterations and impaired mitochondrial metabolism in the Helsmoortel-Van der Aa syndrome and holds promise as a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio D'Incal
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Epigenetic Signaling lab (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anke Van Dijck
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
- Family Medicine and Population Health (FAMPOP), Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joe Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kevin De Man
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Epigenetic Signaling lab (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lina Bastini
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Epigenetic Signaling lab (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anthony Konings
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Epigenetic Signaling lab (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ellen Elinck
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lllana Gozes
- The Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Adams Super Center for Brain Studies and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zlatko Marusic
- Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirna Anicic
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jurica Vukovic
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nathalie Van der Aa
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ligia Mateiu
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Vanden Berghe
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Epigenetic Signaling lab (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - R Frank Kooy
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43/6, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.
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15
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Kakogiannis D, Kourla M, Dimitrakopoulos D, Kazanis I. Reversal of Postnatal Brain Astrocytes and Ependymal Cells towards a Progenitor Phenotype in Culture. Cells 2024; 13:668. [PMID: 38667283 PMCID: PMC11049274 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes and ependymal cells have been reported to be able to switch from a mature cell identity towards that of a neural stem/progenitor cell. Astrocytes are widely scattered in the brain where they exert multiple functions and are routinely targeted for in vitro and in vivo reprogramming. Ependymal cells serve more specialized functions, lining the ventricles and the central canal, and are multiciliated, epithelial-like cells that, in the spinal cord, act as bi-potent progenitors in response to injury. Here, we isolate or generate ependymal cells and post-mitotic astrocytes, respectively, from the lateral ventricles of the mouse brain and we investigate their capacity to reverse towards a progenitor-like identity in culture. Inhibition of the GSK3 and TGFβ pathways facilitates the switch of mature astrocytes to Sox2-expressing, mitotic cells that generate oligodendrocytes. Although this medium allows for the expansion of quiescent NSCs, isolated from live rats by "milking of the brain", it does not fully reverse astrocytes towards the bona fide NSC identity; this is a failure correlated with a concomitant lack of neurogenic activity. Ependymal cells could be induced to enter mitosis either via exposure to neuraminidase-dependent stress or by culturing them in the presence of FGF2 and EGF. Overall, our data confirm that astrocytes and ependymal cells retain a high capacity to reverse to a progenitor identity and set up a simple and highly controlled platform for the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that regulate this reversal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Kakogiannis
- Lab of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (D.K.); (M.K.); (D.D.)
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michaela Kourla
- Lab of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (D.K.); (M.K.); (D.D.)
- Biology-Biochemistry Lab, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Dimitrakopoulos
- Lab of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (D.K.); (M.K.); (D.D.)
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ilias Kazanis
- Lab of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (D.K.); (M.K.); (D.D.)
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK
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16
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Davalos-Guzman AP, Vegas-Rodriguez FJ, Ramirez-Rodriguez GB, Flores-Ramos M, Romero-Luevano PV, Gonzalez-Olvera JJ, Saracco-Alvarez RA. Human olfactory neural progenitor cells reveal differences in IL-6, IL-8, thrombospondin-1, and MCP-1 in major depression disorder and borderline personality disorder. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1283406. [PMID: 38654728 PMCID: PMC11035822 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1283406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Discovering biological markers is essential for understanding and treating mental disorders. Despite the limitations of current non-invasive methods, neural progenitor cells from the olfactory epithelium (hNPCs-OE) have been emphasized as potential biomarker sources. This study measured soluble factors in these cells in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), and healthy controls (HC). Methods We assessed thirty-five participants divided into MDD (n=14), BPD (n=14), and HC (n=7). MDD was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. BPD was evaluated using the DSM-5 criteria and the Structured Clinical Interview for Personality Disorders. We isolated hNPCs-OE, collected intracellular proteins and conditioned medium, and quantified markers and soluble factors, including Interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and others. Analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test and linear regression. Results We found that hNPCs-OE of MDD and BPD decreased Sox2 and laminin receptor-67 kDa levels. MASH-1 decreased in BPD, while tubulin beta-III decreased in MDD compared to controls and BPD. Also, we found significant differences in IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and thrombospondin-1 levels between controls and MDD, or BPD, but not between MDD and BPD. Conclusions Altered protein markers are evident in the nhNPCs-OE in MDD and BPD patients. These cells also secrete higher concentrations of inflammatory cytokines than HC cells. The results suggest the potential utility of hNPCs-OE as an in vitro model for researching biological protein markers in psychiatric disorders. However, more extensive validation studies are needed to confirm their effectiveness and specificity in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Patrick Davalos-Guzman
- Laboratorio de Neurogénesis, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Francisco Javier Vegas-Rodriguez
- Laboratorio de Neurogénesis, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Bernabe Ramirez-Rodriguez
- Laboratorio de Neurogénesis, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Monica Flores-Ramos
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría “Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz”, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Perla Vanessa Romero-Luevano
- Laboratorio de Neurogénesis, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jorge Julio Gonzalez-Olvera
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría “Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz”, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Arturo Saracco-Alvarez
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría “Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz”, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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17
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Zhou S, Ding X, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wang X, Guo Y, Zhang J, Liu X, Gong G, Su Y, Wang L, Zhao M, Hu M. Evaluation of specific RBE in different cells of hippocampus under high-dose proton irradiation in rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8193. [PMID: 38589544 PMCID: PMC11001863 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58831-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the specific relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of various cells in the hippocampus following proton irradiation. Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to 5 groups receiving 20 or 30 Gy of proton or photon irradiation. Pathomorphological neuronal damage in the hippocampus was assessed using Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The expression level of NeuN, Nestin, Caspase-3, Olig2, CD68 and CD45 were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The RBE range established by comparing the effects of proton and photon irradiation at equivalent biological outcomes. Proton20Gy induced more severe damage to neurons than photon20Gy, but showed no difference compared to photon30Gy. The RBE of neuron was determined to be 1.65. Similarly, both proton20Gy and proton30Gy resulted in more inhibition of oligodendrocytes and activation of microglia in the hippocampal regions than photon20Gy and photon30Gy. However, the expression of Olig2 was higher and CD68 was lower in the proton20Gy group than in the photon30Gy group. The RBE of oligodendrocyte and microglia was estimated to be between 1.1 to 1.65. For neural stem cells (NSCs) and immune cells, there were no significant difference in the expression of Nestin and CD45 between proton and photon irradiation (both 20 and 30 Gy). Therefore, the RBE for NSCs and immune cell was determined to be 1.1. These findings highlight the varying RBE values of different cells in the hippocampus in vivo. Moreover, the actual RBE of the hippocampus may be higher than 1.1, suggesting that using as RBE value of 1.1 in clinical practice may underestimate the toxicities induced by proton radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengying Zhou
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NO.440 Ji Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Xingchen Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NO.440 Ji Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Yiyuan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NO.440 Ji Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NO.440 Ji Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
- Shandong University cancer center, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Yujiao Guo
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China
| | | | - Xiao Liu
- 960 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Jinan, 250031, Shandong, China
| | - Guanzhong Gong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NO.440 Ji Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Ya Su
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NO.440 Ji Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NO.440 Ji Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Miaoqing Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China.
| | - Man Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NO.440 Ji Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China.
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18
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Isaković J, Slatković F, Jagečić D, Petrović DJ, Mitrečić D. Pulsating Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Influence Differentiation of Mouse Neural Stem Cells towards Astrocyte-like Phenotypes: In Vitro Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4038. [PMID: 38612847 PMCID: PMC11012476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Even though electromagnetic fields have been reported to assist endogenous neurogenesis, little is known about the exact mechanisms of their action. In this pilot study, we investigated the effects of pulsating extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on neural stem cell differentiation towards specific phenotypes, such as neurons and astrocytes. Neural stem cells isolated from the telencephalic wall of B6(Cg)-Tyrc-2J/J mouse embryos (E14.5) were randomly divided into three experimental groups and three controls. Electromagnetic field application setup included a solenoid placed within an incubator. Each of the experimental groups was exposed to 50Hz ELF-EMFs of varied strengths for 1 h. The expression of each marker (NES, GFAP, β-3 tubulin) was then assessed by immunocytochemistry. The application of high-strength ELF-EMF significantly increased and low-strength ELF-EMF decreased the expression of GFAP. A similar pattern was observed for β-3 tubulin, with high-strength ELF-EMFs significantly increasing the immunoreactivity of β-3 tubulin and medium- and low-strength ELF-EMFs decreasing it. Changes in NES expression were observed for medium-strength ELF-EMFs, with a demonstrated significant upregulation. This suggests that, even though ELF-EMFs appear to inhibit or promote the differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons or astrocytes, this effect highly depends on the strength and frequency of the fields as well as the duration of their application. While numerous studies have demonstrated the capacity of EMFs to guide the differentiation of NSCs into neuron-like cells or β-3 tubulin+ neurons, this is the first study to suggest that ELF-EMFs may also steer NSC differentiation towards astrocyte-like phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filip Slatković
- Omnion Research International d.o.o., 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Denis Jagečić
- Laboratory for Stem Cells, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dražen Juraj Petrović
- Laboratory for Stem Cells, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Genos d.o.o., Laboratory for Glycobiology, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dinko Mitrečić
- Laboratory for Stem Cells, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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19
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Liao Y, Kang F, Xiong J, Xie K, Li M, Yu L, Wang Y, Chen H, Ye G, Yin Y, Guo W, Cai H, Zhu Q, Li Z. MSX1 +PDGFRA low limb mesenchyme-like cells as an efficient stem cell source for human cartilage regeneration. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:399-413. [PMID: 38428414 PMCID: PMC10937155 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Degenerative bone disorders have a significant impact on global health, and regeneration of articular cartilage remains a challenge. Existing cell therapies using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown limited efficacy, highlighting the necessity for alternative stem cell sources. Here, we have identified and characterized MSX1+ mesenchymal progenitor cells in the developing limb bud with remarkable osteochondral-regenerative and microenvironment-adaptive capabilities. Single-cell sequencing further revealed the presence of two major cell compositions within the MSX1+ cells, where a distinct PDGFRAlow subset retained the strongest osteochondral competency and could efficiently regenerate articular cartilage in vivo. Furthermore, a strategy was developed to generate MSX1+PDGFRAlow limb mesenchyme-like (LML) cells from human pluripotent stem cells that closely resembled their mouse counterparts, which were bipotential in vitro and could directly regenerate damaged cartilage in a mouse injury model. Together, our results indicated that MSX1+PDGFRAlow LML cells might be a prominent stem cell source for human cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuansong Liao
- Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fanchen Kang
- Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingfei Xiong
- Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Xie
- Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingxu Li
- Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanyi Chen
- Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guogen Ye
- Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yike Yin
- Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haoyang Cai
- Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhonghan Li
- Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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20
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Kalmanson O, Takeda H, Anderson SR, Dondzillo A, Gubbels S. Nestin-expressing cells are mitotically active in the mammalian inner ear. Hear Res 2024; 443:108962. [PMID: 38295585 PMCID: PMC10922748 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2024.108962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Nestin expression is associated with pluripotency. Growing evidence suggests nestin is involved in hair cell development. The objective of this study was to investigate the morphology and role of nestin-expressing cells residing in the early postnatal murine inner ear. A lineage-tracing nestin reporter mouse line was used to further characterize these cells. Their cochleae and vestibular organs were immunostained and whole-mounted for cell counting. We found Nestin-expressing cells present in low numbers throughout the inner ear. Three morphotypes were observed: bipolar, unipolar, and globular. Mitotic activity was noted in nestin-expressing cells in the cochlea, utricle, saccule, and crista. Nestin-expressing cell characteristics were then observed after hair cell ablation in two mouse models. First, a reporter model demonstrated nestin expression in a significantly higher proportion of hair cells after hair cell ablation than in control cochleae. However, in a lineage tracing nestin reporter mouse, none of the new hair cells which repopulated the organ of Corti after hair cell ablation expressed nestin, nor did the nestin-expressing cells change in morphotype. In conclusion, Nestin-expressing cells were identified in the cochlea and vestibular organs. After hair cell ablation, nestin-expressing cells did not react to the insult. However, a small number of nestin-expressing cells in all inner ear tissues exhibited mitotic activity, supporting progenitor cell potential, though perhaps not involved in hair cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Kalmanson
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Dept of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 12631 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Hiroki Takeda
- Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Dept of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Sean R Anderson
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Dept of Biophysics & Physiology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Anna Dondzillo
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Dept of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 12631 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Samuel Gubbels
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Dept of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 12631 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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21
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Shi J, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Abdelrehem A, Wu Z, Zhang B, Xiao M, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Wang L. Distinctive mesenchymal-like neurofibroma stem cells shape NF1 clinical phenotypes controlled by BDNF microenvironment. Transl Oncol 2024; 40:101852. [PMID: 38042136 PMCID: PMC10716025 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurofibroma type I (NF1) often presents with multiple clinical phenotypes due to mutations of NF1 gene. The aim of this study was to determine the phenotypic and therapeutic relevance of tumor microenvironment in NF1 patients. METHODS Tumor stem cells (TSCs) from NF1 were isolated and cultured using fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and colony formation experiments. Then, flow cytometry was used to detect the surface markers, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation were performed as well. Its tumorigenesis ability was confirmed by subcutaneous tumorigenesis in nude mice. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on neurofibroma tissues from the head and trunk with different phenotypes. The expression of BDNF in neurofibroma tissues was detected by Elisa and immunohistochemical staining. Western Blotting was used to detect the expression of p38 MAPK pathway in TSCs. The effect of BDNF neutralizing antibody on the tumorigenesis of TSCs was observed. RESULTS Herein, we advocate that NF1 contain a new subgroup of mesenchymal-like neurofibroma stem cells (MNSCs). Such colony-forming MNSCs preserved self-renewal, multiple differentiation and tumorigenic capabilities. More interestingly, the MNSCs isolated from neurofibroma tissues of the same patient with different phenotypes presented site-specific capabilities. Moreover, different levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in neurofibroma tissues can impact the MNSCs by activating the TrkB/p38 MAPK pathway. Systemic administration of BDNF neutralizing antibodies inhibited MNSCs' characteristics. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that BDNF can modulate MNSCs and thereby controlling different tumor phenotypes between the head and trunk regions. Application of BDNF neutralizing antibodies may inhibit p38 MAPK pathway, therefore providing a promising strategy for managing NF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcun Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zihui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Maxillofacial Oncology, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xian, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ahmed Abdelrehem
- Buraidah Central Hospital, Saudi Arabia; Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ziqian Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingqing Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Xiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shijian Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Department of Stomatology, Fengcheng Hospital, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201411, China.
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22
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Gu J, Rollo B, Berecki G, Petrou S, Kwan P, Sumer H, Cromer B. Generation of a stably transfected mouse embryonic stem cell line for inducible differentiation to excitatory neurons. Exp Cell Res 2024; 435:113902. [PMID: 38145818 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
In vitro differentiation of stem cells into various cell lineages is valuable in developmental studies and an important source of cells for modelling physiology and pathology, particularly for complex tissues such as the brain. Conventional protocols for in vitro neuronal differentiation often suffer from complicated procedures, high variability and low reproducibility. Over the last decade, the identification of cell fate-determining transcription factors has provided new tools for cellular studies in neuroscience and enabled rapid differentiation driven by ectopic transcription factor expression. As a proneural transcription factor, Neurogenin 2 (Ngn2) expression alone is sufficient to trigger rapid and robust neurogenesis from pluripotent cells. Here, we established a stable cell line, by piggyBac (PB) transposition, that conditionally expresses Ngn2 for generation of excitatory neurons from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) using an all-in-one PB construct. Our results indicate that Ngn2-induced excitatory neurons have mature and functional characteristics consistent with previous studies using conventional differentiation methods. This approach provides an all-in-one PB construct for rapid and high copy number gene delivery of dox-inducible transcription factors to induce differentiation. This approach is a valuable in vitro cell model for disease modeling, drug screening and cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchao Gu
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Alfred Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ben Rollo
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Alfred Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Geza Berecki
- Ion Channels and Human Diseases Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Steven Petrou
- Ion Channels and Human Diseases Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Patrick Kwan
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Alfred Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Huseyin Sumer
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Brett Cromer
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
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23
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Zhang Y, Shao Y, Li Y, Li X, Zhang X, E Q, Wang W, Jiang Z, Gan W, Huang Y. The generation of glioma organoids and the comparison of two culture methods. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7081. [PMID: 38457217 PMCID: PMC10923046 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity of gliomas and the complex tumor microenvironment make accurate treatment of gliomas challenging. At present, research on gliomas mainly relies on cell lines, stem cell tumor spheres, and xenotransplantation models. The similarity between traditional tumor models and patients with glioma is very low. AIMS In this study, we aimed to address the limitations of traditional tumor models by generating patient-derived glioma organoids using two methods that summarized the cell diversity, histological features, gene expression, and mutant profiles of their respective parent tumors and assess the feasibility of organoids for personalized treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS We compared the organoids generated using two methods through growth analysis, immunohistological analysis, genetic testing, and the establishment of xenograft models. RESULTS Both types of organoids exhibited rapid infiltration when transplanted into the brains of adult immunodeficient mice. However, organoids formed using the microtumor method demonstrated more similar cellular characteristics and tissue structures to the parent tumors. Furthermore, the microtumor method allowed for faster culture times and more convenient operational procedures compared to the Matrigel method. DISCUSSION Patient-derived glioma organoids, especially those generated through the microtumor method, present a promising avenue for personalized treatment strategies. Their capacity to faithfully mimic the cellular and molecular characteristics of gliomas provides a valuable platform for elucidating tumor biology and evaluating therapeutic modalities. CONCLUSION The success rates of the Matrigel and microtumor methods were 45.5% and 60.5%, respectively. The microtumor method had a higher success rate, shorter establishment time, more convenient passage and cryopreservation methods, better simulation of the cellular and histological characteristics of the parent tumor, and a high genetic guarantee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yunxiang Shao
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xuetao Li
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Qinzhi E
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Weichao Wang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Zuoyu Jiang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Wenjuan Gan
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yulun Huang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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24
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Łuczyńska K, Zhang Z, Pietras T, Zhang Y, Taniguchi H. NFE2L1/Nrf1 serves as a potential therapeutical target for neurodegenerative diseases. Redox Biol 2024; 69:103003. [PMID: 38150994 PMCID: PMC10788251 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.103003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The failure of the proper protein turnover in the nervous system is mainly linked to a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, a better understanding of key protein degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system is critical for effective prevention and treatment of those disorders. The proteasome expression is tightly regulated by a CNC (cap'n'collar) family of transcription factors, amongst which the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-like bZIP factor 1 (NFE2L1, also known as Nrf1, with its long isoform TCF11 and short isoform LCR-F1) has been identified as an indispensable regulator of the transcriptional expression of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. However, much less is known about how the pivotal role of NFE2L1/Nrf1, as compared to its homologous NFE2L2 (also called Nrf2), is translated to its physiological and pathophysiological functions in the nervous system insomuch as to yield its proper cytoprotective effects against neurodegenerative diseases. The potential of NFE2L1 to fulfill its unique neuronal function to serve as a novel therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases is explored by evaluating the hitherto established preclinical and clinical studies of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. In this review, we have also showcased a group of currently available activators of NFE2L1, along with an additional putative requirement of this CNC-bZIP factor for healthy longevity based on the experimental evidence obtained from its orthologous SKN1-A in Caenorhabditis elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Łuczyńska
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552, Poland; The Second Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zhengwen Zhang
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, England, United Kingdom
| | - Tadeusz Pietras
- The Second Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153, Łódź, Poland
| | - Yiguo Zhang
- Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, No. 725 Jiangzhou Avenue, Dingshan Street, Jiangjin District, Chongqing, 402260, China; The Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Topogenetic Regulation, College of Bioengineering & Faculty of Medical Sciences, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Hiroaki Taniguchi
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552, Poland.
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25
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Hasegawa H, Shimada K, Ochiai T, Okada Y. Developmental Anomalies in Human Teeth: Odontoblastic Differentiation in Hamartomatous Calcifying Hyperplastic Dental Follicles Presenting with DSP, Nestin, and HES1. J Dev Biol 2024; 12:7. [PMID: 38390958 PMCID: PMC10885117 DOI: 10.3390/jdb12010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperplastic dental follicles (HDFs) represent odontogenic hamartomatous lesions originating from the pericoronal tissues and are often associated with impacted or embedded teeth. These lesions may occasionally feature unique calcifying bodies, known as calcifying whorled nodules (CWNs), characterized by stromal cells arranged in a whorled or spiral fashion. CWNs are typically observed in multiple calcifying hyperplastic dental follicles or regional odontodysplasia. In our study, we examined 40 cases of HDFs, including nine instances with characteristics of CWNs, referred to as calcifying hyperplastic dental follicles (CHDFs), which are infrequently accompanied by odontodysplasia. The median ages of the HDFs and CHDFs were 16 (ranging from 3 to 66) and 15 (ranging from 11 to 50) years, respectively. The lower third molars were the most frequently affected by HDSFs and CHDFs, followed by the upper canines. A histological examination was conducted on all 40 cases, with an immunohistochemical analysis performed on 21 of them. Among the cases with CWN, nine affected a single embedded tooth, with one exception. CWNs exhibited diverse calcifications featuring sparse or entirely deposited psammoma bodies, and some displayed dentinoid formation. Immunohistochemically, the stromal cells of HDFs were frequently positive for CD56 and nestin. By contrast, CWNs were negative for CD56 but positive for nestin as well as hairy and enhancer split 1 (HES1), with a few dentin sialoprotein (DSP)-positive calcified bodies. Our results revealed that hamartomatous CHDFs can impact multiple and single-embedded teeth. CWNs composed of nestin and HES1-positive ectomesenchymal cells demonstrated the potential to differentiate into odontoblasts and contribute to dentin matrix formation under the influence of HES1. This study is the first report documenting odontoblastic differentiation in HDFs. The rare occurrence of HDFs and CHDFs contributes to limited comprehension. To prevent misdiagnosis, a better understanding of these conditions is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromasa Hasegawa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
- Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri 399-0781, Japan
| | - Katsumitsu Shimada
- Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri 399-0781, Japan
| | - Takanaga Ochiai
- Department of Oral Pathology, Division of Oral Pathogenesis & Disease Control, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan
| | - Yasuo Okada
- Department of Pathology, School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, The Nippon Dental University, Niigata 951-8580, Japan
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Cunha AB, Schuelke C, Mesri A, Ruud SK, Aizenshtadt A, Ferrari G, Heiskanen A, Asif A, Keller SS, Ramos-Moreno T, Kalvøy H, Martínez-Serrano A, Krauss S, Emnéus J, Sampietro M, Martinsen ØG. Development of a Smart Wireless Multisensor Platform for an Optogenetic Brain Implant. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:575. [PMID: 38257668 PMCID: PMC11154348 DOI: 10.3390/s24020575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Implantable cell replacement therapies promise to completely restore the function of neural structures, possibly changing how we currently perceive the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. One of the major clinical hurdles for the routine implementation of stem cell therapies is poor cell retention and survival, demanding the need to better understand these mechanisms while providing precise and scalable approaches to monitor these cell-based therapies in both pre-clinical and clinical scenarios. This poses significant multidisciplinary challenges regarding planning, defining the methodology and requirements, prototyping and different stages of testing. Aiming toward an optogenetic neural stem cell implant controlled by a smart wireless electronic frontend, we show how an iterative development methodology coupled with a modular design philosophy can mitigate some of these challenges. In this study, we present a miniaturized, wireless-controlled, modular multisensor platform with fully interfaced electronics featuring three different modules: an impedance analyzer, a potentiostat and an optical stimulator. We show the application of the platform for electrical impedance spectroscopy-based cell monitoring, optical stimulation to induce dopamine release from optogenetically modified neurons and a potentiostat for cyclic voltammetry and amperometric detection of dopamine release. The multisensor platform is designed to be used as an opto-electric headstage for future in vivo animal experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- André B. Cunha
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 24, 0371 Oslo, Norway; (A.B.C.); (C.S.); (S.K.R.)
| | - Christin Schuelke
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 24, 0371 Oslo, Norway; (A.B.C.); (C.S.); (S.K.R.)
- Hybrid Technology Hub—Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 1110 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway; (A.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Alireza Mesri
- Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (G.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Simen K. Ruud
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 24, 0371 Oslo, Norway; (A.B.C.); (C.S.); (S.K.R.)
| | - Aleksandra Aizenshtadt
- Hybrid Technology Hub—Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 1110 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway; (A.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Giorgio Ferrari
- Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (G.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Arto Heiskanen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; (A.H.); (A.A.); (J.E.)
| | - Afia Asif
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; (A.H.); (A.A.); (J.E.)
| | - Stephan S. Keller
- National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;
| | - Tania Ramos-Moreno
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Håvard Kalvøy
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Engineering, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Alberto Martínez-Serrano
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Center of Molecular Biology ‘Severo Ochoa’, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Stefan Krauss
- Hybrid Technology Hub—Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 1110 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway; (A.A.); (S.K.)
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jenny Emnéus
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; (A.H.); (A.A.); (J.E.)
| | - Marco Sampietro
- Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.M.); (G.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Ørjan G. Martinsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 24, 0371 Oslo, Norway; (A.B.C.); (C.S.); (S.K.R.)
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Engineering, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway;
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Sasaki M, Sato Y, Nakanuma Y. Nestin may be a candidate marker for differential diagnosis between small duct type and large duct type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155061. [PMID: 38154357 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS/AIMS Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is subclassified into small and large duct types. These two subtypes show distinct differences in various clinicopathological features and possible cell origin and pathways of carcinogenesis, however, a differential diagnosis may be sometimes difficult. Given the type IV intermediate filament, Nestin, may be a candidate diagnostic marker for combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) and small duct type iCCAs, the significance of nestin as a differential diagnostic marker between small and large duct types of iCCAs was addressed in the present study. METHODS Nestin expression was immunohistochemically assessed in the sections from 36 patients with small duct-type iCCA, 30 with large duct-type iCCA, and 27 with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Nestin expression and its relationship with clinicopathological features and genetic alterations were investigated in small duct type iCCAs. RESULTS Nestin expression was detected in 17 small duct type iCCAs (47.2%), one large duct type iCCA (3.8%) and zero extrahepatic CCA. Nestin expression was significantly more frequent in the patients with small duct type iCCAs than in those with large duct type iCCA and extrahepatic CCA (p < 0.01). In 10 liver biopsies, all samples with nestin expression were small duct type iCCAs. Nestin-positive small duct type iCCAs were characterized by a higher histological grade, compared to Nestin-negative small duct type iCCAs (p < 0.01). Nestin-positive small duct type iCCAs tended to have 2 or more genetic alterations, but there was no statistic difference (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Different nestin expression may reflect differences between small duct type iCCA and large duct type/extrahepatic CCA and may be a useful diagnostic marker for small duct type iCCAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoko Sasaki
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Yasunori Sato
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yasuni Nakanuma
- Division of Pathology, Fukui Saiseikai Hospital, Fukui, Japan
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Zheng K, Wei Z, Li W. Ecological insights into hematopoiesis regulation: unraveling the influence of gut microbiota. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2350784. [PMID: 38727219 PMCID: PMC11093038 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2350784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota constitutes a vast ecological system within the human body, forming a mutually interdependent entity with the host. In recent years, advancements in molecular biology technologies have provided a clearer understanding of the role of the gut microbiota. They not only influence the local immune status and metabolic functions of the host's intestinal tract but also impact the functional transformation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) through the gut-blood axis. In this review, we will discuss the role of the gut microbiota in influencing hematopoiesis. We analyze the interactions between HSCs and other cellular components, with a particular emphasis on the direct functional regulation of HSCs by the gut microbiota and their indirect influence through cellular components in the bone marrow microenvironment. Additionally, we propose potential control targets for signaling pathways triggered by the gut microbiota to regulate hematopoietic function, filling crucial knowledge gaps in the development of this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Zheng
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhifeng Wei
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Ghosh S, Bhatti GK, Sharma PK, Kandimalla R, Mastana SS, Bhatti JS. Potential of Nano-Engineered Stem Cells in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: A Comprehensive Review. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 44:6. [PMID: 38104307 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01434-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and degrading autoimmune disorder mainly targeting the central nervous system, leading to progressive neurodegeneration, demyelination, and axonal damage. Current treatment options for MS are limited in efficacy, generally linked to adverse side effects, and do not offer a cure. Stem cell therapies have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for MS, potentially promoting remyelination, exerting immunomodulatory effects and protecting against neurodegeneration. Therefore, this review article focussed on the potential of nano-engineering in stem cells as a therapeutic approach for MS, focusing on the synergistic effects of combining stem cell biology with nanotechnology to stimulate the proliferation of oligodendrocytes (OLs) from neural stem cells and OL precursor cells, by manipulating neural signalling pathways-PDGF, BMP, Wnt, Notch and their essential genes such as Sox, bHLH, Nkx. Here we discuss the pathophysiology of MS, the use of various types of stem cells in MS treatment and their mechanisms of action. In the context of nanotechnology, we present an overview of its applications in the medical and research field and discuss different methods and materials used to nano-engineer stem cells, including surface modification, biomaterials and scaffolds, and nanoparticle-based delivery systems. We further elaborate on nano-engineered stem cell techniques, such as nano script, nano-exosome hybrid, nano-topography and their potentials in MS. The article also highlights enhanced homing, engraftment, and survival of nano-engineered stem cells, targeted and controlled release of therapeutic agents, and immunomodulatory and tissue repair effects with their challenges and limitations. This visual illustration depicts the process of utilizing nano-engineering in stem cells and exosomes for the purpose of delivering more accurate and improved treatments for Multiple Sclerosis (MS). This approach targets specifically the creation of oligodendrocytes, the breakdown of which is the primary pathological factor in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushruta Ghosh
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences Central, University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Pushpender Kumar Sharma
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Rajasthan, India
- Amity Centre for Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, Amity University, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- Department of Biochemistry, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal, Telangana, India
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sarabjit Singh Mastana
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences Central, University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
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30
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Hong JY, Lee J, Kim H, Yeo C, Jeon WJ, Lee YJ, Ha IH. Shinbaro2 enhances axonal extension beyond the glial scar for functional recovery in rats with contusive spinal cord injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115710. [PMID: 37862963 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating event that often results in the inflammatory condition of glial scar tissue formation, impeding neural regeneration and recovery. Reducing the inflammatory response and inhibiting glial formation are promising strategies for improving SCI outcomes. Here, we introduce a new role for Shinbaro2 (Sh2), known for its anti-inflammatory and pain-reducing effects, in ameliorating glial scars formed in the damaged spinal cord and promoting axon growth after SCI. Sh2 was applied at various concentrations to cultivate primary spinal cord neurons. Concentrations of 1 and 2 mg/mL effectively enhanced cell viability and axonal outgrowth in spinal cord neurons subjected to hydrogen peroxide or laceration injury. Sh2 helped reduce neuroinflammation by increasing anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages (arginase 1) and decreasing inflammatory cells, ultimately reducing lesion size. In scar formation, Sh2 inhibited the expression of β-catenin and nestin in reactive astrocytes in the injured spinal cord. Moreover, Sh2 suppressed the expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and SOX9, which are involved in scar formation. Furthermore, Sh2 promoted the sprouting of serotonergic axons and the growth of neurofibrillary tangles, enhancing motor function recovery in SCI. These findings highlight the potential of Sh2 as an SCI therapeutic intervention, offering hope for neural and functional restoration in individuals with this debilitating condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Hong
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 135-896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Junseon Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 135-896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Kim
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 135-896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Changhwan Yeo
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 135-896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wan-Jin Jeon
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 135-896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoon Jae Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 135-896, Republic of Korea.
| | - In-Hyuk Ha
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 135-896, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Castaldo V, Minopoli M, Di Modugno F, Sacconi A, Liguoro D, Frigerio R, Ortolano A, Di Martile M, Gesualdi L, Madonna G, Capone M, Cirombella R, Catizone A, Del Bufalo D, Vecchione A, Carriero MV, Ascierto PA, Mancini R, Fattore L, Ciliberto G. Upregulated expression of miR-4443 and miR-4488 in drug resistant melanomas promotes migratory and invasive phenotypes through downregulation of intermediate filament nestin. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:317. [PMID: 38008717 PMCID: PMC10680267 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02878-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BRAF-mutant melanoma patients benefit from the combinatorial treatments with BRAF and MEK inhibitors. However, acquired drug resistance strongly limits the efficacy of these targeted therapies in time. Recently, many findings have underscored the involvement of microRNAs as main drivers of drug resistance. In this context, we previously identified a subset of oncomiRs strongly up-regulated in drug-resistant melanomas. In this work, we shed light on the molecular role of two as yet poorly characterized oncomiRs, miR-4443 and miR-4488. METHODS Invasion and migration have been determined by wound healing, transwell migration/invasion assays and Real Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) technology. miR-4488 and miR-4443 have been measured by qRT-PCR. Nestin levels have been tested by western blot, confocal immunofluorescence, immunohistochemical and flow cytometry analyses. RESULTS We demonstrate that the two oncomiRs are responsible for the enhanced migratory and invasive phenotypes, that are a hallmark of drug resistant melanoma cells. Moreover, miR-4443 and miR-4488 promote an aberrant cytoskeletal reorganization witnessed by the increased number of stress fibers and cellular protrusions-like cancer cell invadopodia. Mechanistically, we identified the intermediate filament nestin as a molecular target of both oncomiRs. Finally, we have shown that nestin levels are able to predict response to treatments in melanoma patients. CONCLUSIONS Altogether these findings have profound translational implications in the attempt i) to develop miRNA-targeting therapies to mitigate the metastatic phenotypes of BRAF-mutant melanomas and ii) to identify novel biomarkers able to guide clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Castaldo
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic- Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Minopoli
- Preclinical Models of Tumor Progression Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS 'Fondazione G. Pascale', 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Modugno
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Liguoro
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Rachele Frigerio
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Ortolano
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Di Martile
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Gesualdi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic- Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Madonna
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS 'Fondazione G. Pascale', 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariaelena Capone
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS 'Fondazione G. Pascale', 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Cirombella
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Department Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00118, Rome, Italy
| | - Angiolina Catizone
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic- Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Del Bufalo
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Vecchione
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Department Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00118, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Vincenza Carriero
- Preclinical Models of Tumor Progression Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS 'Fondazione G. Pascale', 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Antonio Ascierto
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS 'Fondazione G. Pascale', 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Mancini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Department Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00118, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Fattore
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Directorate, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
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Wilson KL, Joseph NI, Onweller LA, Anderson AR, Darling NJ, David-Bercholz J, Segura T. SDF-1 Bound Heparin Nanoparticles Recruit Progenitor Cells for Their Differentiation and Promotion of Angiogenesis after Stroke. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2302081. [PMID: 38009291 PMCID: PMC11128481 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis after stroke is correlated with enhanced tissue repair and functional outcomes. The existing body of research in biomaterials for stroke focuses on hydrogels for the delivery of stem cells, growth factors, or small molecules or drugs. Despite the ability of hydrogels to enhance all these delivery methods, no material has significantly regrown vasculature within the translatable timeline of days to weeks after stroke. Here, two novel biomaterial formulations of granular hydrogels are developed for tissue regeneration after stroke: highly porous microgels (i.e., Cryo microgels) and microgels bound with heparin-norbornene nanoparticles with covalently bound SDF-1α. The combination of these materials results in perfused vessels throughout the stroke core in only 10 days, in addition to increased neural progenitor cell recruitment, maintenance, and increased neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina L. Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708-0281, USA
| | - Neica I. Joseph
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708-0281, USA
| | - Lauren A. Onweller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708-0281, USA
| | - Alexa R. Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708-0281, USA
| | - Nicole J. Darling
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Tatiana Segura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708-0281, USA
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708-0281 USA
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708-0281 USA
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Murnan KM, Horbinski C, Stegh AH. Redox Homeostasis and Beyond: The Role of Wild-Type Isocitrate Dehydrogenases for the Pathogenesis of Glioblastoma. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 39:923-941. [PMID: 37132598 PMCID: PMC10654994 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Glioblastoma is an aggressive and devastating brain tumor characterized by a dismal prognosis and resistance to therapeutic intervention. To support catabolic processes critical for unabated cellular growth and defend against harmful reactive oxygen species, glioblastoma tumors upregulate the expression of wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDHs). IDH enzymes catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), NAD(P)H, and CO2. On molecular levels, IDHs epigenetically control gene expression through effects on α-KG-dependent dioxygenases, maintain redox balance, and promote anaplerosis by providing cells with NADPH and precursor substrates for macromolecular synthesis. Recent Advances: While gain-of-function mutations in IDH1 and IDH2 represent one of the most comprehensively studied mechanisms of IDH pathogenic effects, recent studies identified wild-type IDHs as critical regulators of normal organ physiology and, when transcriptionally induced or down regulated, as contributing to glioblastoma progression. Critical Issues: Here, we will discuss molecular mechanisms of how wild-type IDHs control glioma pathogenesis, including the regulation of oxidative stress and de novo lipid biosynthesis, and provide an overview of current and future research directives that aim to fully characterize wild-type IDH-driven metabolic reprogramming and its contribution to the pathogenesis of glioblastoma. Future Directions: Future studies are required to further dissect mechanisms of metabolic and epigenomic reprogramming in tumors and the tumor microenvironment, and to develop pharmacological approaches to inhibit wild-type IDH function. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 39, 923-941.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Murnan
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexander H. Stegh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Brain Tumor Center, Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Karpenko DV. Immune Privileges as a Result of Mutual Regulation of Immune and Stem Systems. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:1818-1831. [PMID: 38105201 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923110123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Immune privileges of cancer stem cells is a well-known and widely studied problem, as presence of such cells in tumors is associated with refractoriness, recurrence, and metastasis. Accumulating evidence also suggests presence of immune privileges in non-pathological stem cells in addition to their other defense mechanisms against damaging factors. This similarity between pathological and normal stem cells raises the question of why stem cells have such a potentially dangerous property. Regulation of vital processes of autoimmunity control and regeneration realized through interactions between immune cells, stem cells, and their microenvironment are reviewed in this work as causes of formation of the stem cell immune privilege. Deep mutual integration between regulations of stem and immune cells is noted. Considering diversity and complexity of mutual regulation of stem cells, their microenvironment, and immune system, I suggest the term "stem system".
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy V Karpenko
- Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation of Hematopoiesis, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, 125167, Russia.
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Ninfali C, Siles L, Esteve-Codina A, Postigo A. The mesodermal and myogenic specification of hESCs depend on ZEB1 and are inhibited by ZEB2. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113222. [PMID: 37819755 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can differentiate into any cell lineage. Here, we report that ZEB1 and ZEB2 promote and inhibit mesodermal-to-myogenic specification of hESCs, respectively. Knockdown and/or overexpression experiments of ZEB1, ZEB2, or PAX7 in hESCs indicate that ZEB1 is required for hESC Nodal/Activin-mediated mesodermal specification and PAX7+ human myogenic progenitor (hMuP) generation, while ZEB2 inhibits these processes. ZEB1 downregulation induces neural markers, while ZEB2 downregulation induces mesodermal/myogenic markers. Mechanistically, ZEB1 binds to and transcriptionally activates the PAX7 promoter, while ZEB2 binds to and activates the promoter of the neural OTX2 marker. Transplanting ZEB1 or ZEB2 knocked down hMuPs into the muscles of a muscular dystrophy mouse model, showing that hMuP engraftment and generation of dystrophin-positive myofibers depend on ZEB1 and are inhibited by ZEB2. The mouse model results suggest that ZEB1 expression and/or downregulating ZEB2 in hESCs may also enhance hESC regenerative capacity for human muscular dystrophy therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ninfali
- Group of Gene Regulation in Stem Cells, Cell Plasticity, Differentiation, and Cancer, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Siles
- Group of Gene Regulation in Stem Cells, Cell Plasticity, Differentiation, and Cancer, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Postigo
- Group of Gene Regulation in Stem Cells, Cell Plasticity, Differentiation, and Cancer, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Molecular Targets Program, J.G. Brown Center, Louisville University Healthcare Campus, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; ICREA, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
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Li J, Zeng Q. Trim9 regulates the directional differentiation of retinal Müller cells to retinal ganglion cells. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:1561-1571. [PMID: 38432885 PMCID: PMC10929896 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.230108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness, and effective therapies to reverse the visual system damage caused by glaucoma are still lacking. Recently, the stem cell therapy enable the repair and regeneration of the damaged retinal neurons, but challenges regarding the source of stem cells remain. This study aims to investigate a protocol that allows the dedifferentiation of Müller cells into retinal stem cells, following by directed differentiation into retinal ganglion cells with high efficiency, and to provide a new method of cellular acquisition for retinal stem cells. METHODS Epidermal cell growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 2 were used to induce the dedifferentiation of rat retinal Müller cells into retinal neural stem cells. Retinal stem cells derived from Müller cells were infected with a Trim9 overexpression lentiviral vector (PGC-FU-Trim9-GFP), and the efficiency of viral infection was assessed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Retinoic acid and brain-derived neurotrophic factor treatments were used to induce the differentiation of the retinal stem cells into neurons and glial cells with or without the overexpression of Trim9. The expressions of each cellular marker (GLAST, GS, rhodopsin, PKC, HPC-1, Calbindin, Thy1.1, Brn-3b, Nestin, Pax6) were detected by immunofluorescence, PCR/real-time RT-PCR or Western blotting. RESULTS Rat retinal Müller cells expressed neural stem cells markers (Nestin and Pax6) with the treatment of epidermal cell growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 2. The Thy1.1 positive cell rate of retinal stem cells overexpressing Trim9 was significantly increased, indicating their directional differentiation into retinal ganglion cells after treatment with retinoic acid and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. CONCLUSIONS In this study, rat retinal Müller cells are dedifferentiated into retinal stem cells successfully, and Trim9 promotes the directional differentiation from retinal stem cells to retinal ganglion cells effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Hospital Affiliated with Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha 410005, China.
| | - Qi Zeng
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Hospital Affiliated with Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha 410005, China.
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Singh SK, Wang Y, Habib A, Priyadarshini M, Kodavali CV, Chen A, Ma W, Wang J, Hameed NUF, Hu B, Fuller GN, Kulich SM, Amankulor N, Colen RR, Edwards LA, Zinn PO. TP53-PTEN-NF1 depletion in human brain organoids produces a glioma phenotype in vitro. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1279806. [PMID: 37881491 PMCID: PMC10597663 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1279806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is fatal and the study of therapeutic resistance, disease progression, and drug discovery in GBM or glioma stem cells is often hindered by limited resources. This limitation slows down progress in both drug discovery and patient survival. Here we present a genetically engineered human cerebral organoid model with a cancer-like phenotype that could provide a basis for GBM-like models. Specifically, we engineered a doxycycline-inducible vector encoding shRNAs enabling depletion of the TP53, PTEN, and NF1 tumor suppressors in human cerebral organoids. Designated as inducible short hairpin-TP53-PTEN-NF1 (ish-TPN), doxycycline treatment resulted in human cancer-like cerebral organoids that effaced the entire organoid cytoarchitecture, while uninduced ish-TPN cerebral organoids recapitulated the normal cytoarchitecture of the brain. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a proneural GBM subtype. This proof-of-concept study offers a valuable resource for directly investigating the emergence and progression of gliomas within the context of specific genetic alterations in normal cerebral organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay K. Singh
- Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Ahmed Habib
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Mamindla Priyadarshini
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Chowdari V. Kodavali
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Apeng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Wencai Ma
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - N. U. Farrukh Hameed
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Baoli Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Gregory N. Fuller
- Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Scott M. Kulich
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Nduka Amankulor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rivka R. Colen
- Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lincoln A. Edwards
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Pascal O. Zinn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Ryu Y, Hwang JS, Bo Noh K, Park SH, Seo JH, Shin YJ. Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote the Regeneration of Corneal Endothelium Through Ameliorating Senescence. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:29. [PMID: 37850944 PMCID: PMC10593138 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.13.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Human corneal endothelial cells (hCECs) have been considered unable to regenerate in vivo, resulting in corneal decompensation after significant loss of hCECs. adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ASC)-derived exosomes can regenerate tissues and organs. In this study, we investigated whether ASC-derived exosomes could protect and regenerate CECs. Methods We performed cell viability and cell-cycle analyses to evaluate the effect of ASC-derived exosomes on the regeneration capacity of cultured hCECs. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were used to induce biological stress in CECs. The effect of ASC-derived exosomes on CECs was investigated in vivo. ASC-derived exosomes were introduced into rat CECs using electroporation, and rat corneas were injured using cryoinjury. Next-generation sequencing analysis was performed to compare the differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) between ASC-derived and hCEC-derived exosomes. Results ASC-derived exosomes induced CEC proliferation and suppressed TGF-β- or H2O2-induced oxidative stress and senescence. ASC-derived exosomes protect hCECs against TGF-β- or H2O2-induced endothelial-mesenchymal transition and mitophagy. In an in vivo study, ASC-derived exosomes promoted wound healing of rat CECs and protected the corneal endothelium against cryoinjury-induced corneal endothelium damage. Next-generation sequencing analysis revealed differentially expressed miRNAs for ASC-derived and hCEC-derived exosomes. They are involved in lysine degradation, adherens junction, the TGF-β signaling pathway, the p53 signaling pathway, the Hippo signaling pathway, the forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling pathway, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and RNA degradation based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Conclusions ASC-derived exosomes promoted wound healing and regeneration of endothelial cells by inducing a shift in the cell cycle and suppressing senescence and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkyoung Ryu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sun Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Bo Noh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hie Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Hyun Seo
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Svandova E, Vesela B, Kratochvilova A, Holomkova K, Oralova V, Dadakova K, Burger T, Sharpe P, Lesot H, Matalova E. Markers of dental pulp stem cells in in vivo developmental context. Ann Anat 2023; 250:152149. [PMID: 37574172 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2023.152149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Teeth and their associated tissues contain several populations of mesenchymal stem cells, one of which is represented by dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). These cells have mainly been characterised in vitro and numerous positive and negati ve markers for these cells have been suggested. To investigate the presence and localization of these molecules during development, forming dental pulp was examined using the mouse first mandibular molar as a model. The stages corresponding to postnatal (P) days 0, 7, 14, and 21 were investigated. The expression was monitored using customised PCR Arrays. Additionally, in situ localization of the key trio of markers (Cd73, Cd90, Cd105 coded by genes Nt5e, Thy1, Eng) was performed at prenatal and postnatal stages using immunohistochemistry. The expression panel of 24 genes assigned as in vitro markers of DPSCs or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) revealed their developmental dynamics during formation of dental pulp mesenchyme. Among the positive markers, Vcam1, Fgf2, Nes were identified as increasing and Cd44, Cd59b, Mcam, Alcam as decreasing between perinatal vs. postnatal stages towards adulthood. Within the panel of negative DPSC markers, Cd14, Itgb2, Ptprc displayed increased and Cd24a decreased levels at later stages of pulp formation. Within the key trio of markers, Nt5e did not show any significant expression difference within the investigated period. Thy1 displayed a strong decrease between P0 and P7 while Eng increased between these stages. In situ localization of Cd73, Cd90 and Cd105 showed them overlap in differentiated odontoblasts and in the sub-odontoblastic layer that is speculated to host odontoblast progenitors. The highly prevalent expression of particularly Cd73 and Cd90 opens the question of potential multiple functions of these molecules. The results from this study add to the in vitro based knowledge by showing dynamics in the expression of DPSC/MSC markers during dental pulp formation in an in vivo context and thus with respect to the natural environment important for commitment of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Svandova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Brno, Czech Republic; Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Vesela
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Brno, Czech Republic; Veterinary University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Veronika Oralova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Tom Burger
- Veterinary University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Paul Sharpe
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Brno, Czech Republic; King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Herve Lesot
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Matalova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Brno, Czech Republic; Veterinary University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Pasqualetti F, Miniati M, Gonnelli A, Gadducci G, Giannini N, Palagini L, Mancino M, Fuentes T, Paiar F. Cancer Stem Cells and Glioblastoma: Time for Innovative Biomarkers of Radio-Resistance? BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1295. [PMID: 37887005 PMCID: PMC10604498 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite countless papers in the field of radioresistance, researchers are still far from clearly understanding the mechanisms triggered in glioblastoma. Cancer stem cells (CSC) are important to the growth and spread of cancer, according to many studies. In addition, more recently, it has been suggested that CSCs have an impact on glioblastoma patients' prognosis, tumor aggressiveness, and treatment outcomes. In reviewing this new area of biology, we will provide a summary of the most recent research on CSCs and their role in the response to radio-chemotherapy in GB. In this review, we will examine the radiosensitivity of stem cells. Moreover, we summarize the current knowledge of the biomarkers of stemness and evaluate their potential function in the study of radiosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pasqualetti
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.G.); (G.G.); (N.G.); (M.M.); (T.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Mario Miniati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Gonnelli
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.G.); (G.G.); (N.G.); (M.M.); (T.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Giovanni Gadducci
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.G.); (G.G.); (N.G.); (M.M.); (T.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Noemi Giannini
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.G.); (G.G.); (N.G.); (M.M.); (T.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Laura Palagini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Maricia Mancino
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.G.); (G.G.); (N.G.); (M.M.); (T.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Taiusha Fuentes
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.G.); (G.G.); (N.G.); (M.M.); (T.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Fabiola Paiar
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.G.); (G.G.); (N.G.); (M.M.); (T.F.); (F.P.)
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Wei P, Jia M, Kong X, Lyu W, Feng H, Sun X, Li J, Yang JJ. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate perioperative neurocognitive disorder by inhibiting inflammatory responses and activating BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway in aged mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:263. [PMID: 37735415 PMCID: PMC10512658 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03499-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a key complication affecting older individuals after anesthesia and surgery. Failure to translate multiple pharmacological therapies for PND from preclinical studies to clinical settings has necessitated the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) treatment has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for treating neurodegenerative diseases and has the potential to translate basic science into clinical practice. In this study, we investigated the effects and underlying mechanism of hUC-MSCs on PND in aged mice. METHODS hUC-MSCs were isolated from an infant umbilical cord and identified using flow cytometry and differentiation assays. We established PND model by undergoing aseptic laparotomy under isoflurane anesthesia maintaining spontaneous ventilation in eighteen-month-old male C57BL/6 mice. hUC-MSCs were slowly injected into mice by coccygeal vein before anesthesia. Cognitive function, systemic and neuroinflammatory responses, neuroplasticity, endogenous neurogenesis, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were assessed. To determine the brain mechanisms underlying by which hUC-MSCs mediate their neuroprotective effects in PND, K252a, an antagonist of BDNF receptor, was administered intraperitoneally before surgery. Hippocampal BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway and metabolomic signatures were evaluated. RESULTS hUC-MSC treatment ameliorated the learning and memory impairment in aged mice with PND. The downstream effects were the suppression of systemic and hippocampal inflammation and restoration of neurogenesis and neuroplasticity dysregulation. Interestingly, the level of mature BDNF, but not that of proBDNF, was increased in the hippocampus after hUC-MSC treatment. Further analysis revealed that the improved cognitive recovery and the restoration of neurogenesis and neuroplasticity dysregulation elicited by exposure to hUC-MSCs were, at least partially, mediated by the activation of the BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway. Untargeted metabolomic further identified lipid metabolism dysfunction as potential downstream of the BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway in hUC-MSC-mediated neuroprotection for PND. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the beneficial effects of hUC-MSC treatment on PND and provides a justification to consider the potential use of hUC-MSCs in the perioperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Zhengzhou University Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
- Henan Province International Joint Laboratory of Pain, Cognition and Emotion, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Zhengzhou University Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
- Henan Province International Joint Laboratory of Pain, Cognition and Emotion, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyuan Lyu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Jun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China.
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Zhengzhou University Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Henan Province International Joint Laboratory of Pain, Cognition and Emotion, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Daido W, Nakashima T, Masuda T, Sakamoto S, Yamaguchi K, Horimasu Y, Miyamoto S, Iwamoto H, Fujitaka K, Hamada H, Hattori N. Nestin and Notch3 collaboratively regulate angiogenesis, collagen production, and endothelial-mesenchymal transition in lung endothelial cells. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:247. [PMID: 37735673 PMCID: PMC10512559 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01099-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nestin, an intermediate filament protein, participates in various pathophysiological processes, including wound healing, angiogenesis, endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), and fibrosis. However, the pathophysiological roles of lung nestin-expressing cells remain unclear due to conflicting reports. The objective of this study is to elucidate the characteristics and functions of lung nestin-expressing cells. METHODS We conducted a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments using endothelial cell line MS1 and nestin-GFP mice. This animal model allows for nestin-expressing cell detection without the use of anti-nestin antibodies. RESULTS Lung nestin-expressing cells occurred in approximately 0.2% of CD45- cells and was co-expressed with epithelial, endothelial, and mesenchymal cell-surface markers. Importantly, virtually all nestin-expressing cells co-expressed CD31. When compared to lung nestin-nonexpressing endothelial cells, nestin-expressing endothelial cells showed robust angiogenesis with frequent co-expression of PDGFRβ and VEGFR2. During TGFβ-mediated EndoMT, the elevation of Nes mRNA expression preceded that of Col1a1 mRNA, and nestin gene silencing using nestin siRNA resulted in further upregulation of Col1a1 mRNA expression. Furthermore, Notch3 expression was regulated by nestin in vitro and in vivo; nestin siRNA resulted in reduced Notch3 expression accompanied with enhanced EndoMT. Contrary to previous reports, neither Nes mRNA expression nor nestin-expressing cells were increased during pulmonary fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that (1) lung nestin-expressing cells are an endothelial lineage but are distinct from nestin-nonexpressing endothelial cells; (2) nestin regulates Notch3 and they act collaboratively to regulate angiogenesis, collagen production, and EndoMT; and (3) nestin plays novel roles in lung angiogenesis and fibrosis. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wakako Daido
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Taku Nakashima
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Masuda
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Sakamoto
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kakuhiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yasushi Horimasu
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shintaro Miyamoto
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Iwamoto
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kazunori Fujitaka
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Hironobu Hamada
- Department of Physical Analysis and Therapeutic Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noboru Hattori
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
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Smolinska A, Bzinkowska A, Rybkowska P, Chodkowska M, Sarnowska A. Promising Markers in the Context of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Subpopulations with Unique Properties. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:1842958. [PMID: 37771549 PMCID: PMC10533301 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1842958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneity of the mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) population poses a challenge to researchers and clinicians, especially those observed at the population level. What is more, the lack of precise evidences regarding MSCs developmental origin even further complicate this issue. As the available evidences indicate several possible pathways of MSCs formation, this diverse origin may be reflected in the unique subsets of cells found within the MSCs population. Such populations differ in specialization degree, proliferation, and immunomodulatory properties or exhibit other additional properties such as increased angiogenesis capacity. In this review article, we attempted to identify such outstanding populations according to the specific surface antigens or intracellular markers. Described groups were characterized depending on their specialization and potential therapeutic application. The reports presented here cover a wide variety of properties found in the recent literature, which is quite scarce for many candidates mentioned in this article. Even though the collected information would allow for better targeting of specific subpopulations in regenerative medicine to increase the effectiveness of MSC-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Smolinska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Bzinkowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Rybkowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chodkowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Sarnowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
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Huang L, Chen L, Wang Y, Shan N, Wang T, Li D, Wang C, Ma H. Nestin Expression and the Survival of Patients With Digestive Tract Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. THE TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF TURKISH SOCIETY OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2023; 34:902-910. [PMID: 37485559 PMCID: PMC10542102 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2023.22485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Several cancers have been associated with poor prognoses based on nestin, a confirmed marker of cancer stem cells. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the prognostic value of tumor nestin expression in patients with digestive tract cancers. An investigation of the association between nestin and survival in patients with digestive tract cancers was performed in this meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Meta-analyses were conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases to search for cohort studies. We analyzed the data using a random-effects model that incorporates differences between studies. RESULTS The pooled analysis showed a negative association between nestin expression and overall survival (hazard ratio: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.72, P = .004, I2 = 68%) and disease-free survival (hazard ratio: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.96, P = .005, I2 = 56%). Subgroup analysis showed that nestin expression was associated with poorer overall survival in gastric cancer (hazard ratio: 1.46, P < .001) and liver cancer (hazard ratio: 2.05, P < .001) patients, but not in colorectal cancer (hazard ratio: 1.03, P = .89) or pancreatic cancer (hazard ratio: 0.96, P = .80) patients. Further subgroup analysis showed a consistent association between nestin expression and poor overall survival in Asian and non-Asian studies, and in studies with univariate and multivariate regression models. CONCLUSION To sum up, the presence of high nestin expression in digestive tract cancer patients is associated with poorer survival, particularly in patients with gastric and liver cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumi Huang
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lihui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan Shan
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Dairong Li
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Huiwen Ma
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
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45
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Doganyigit Z, Eroglu E, Okan A. Intermediate filament proteins are reliable immunohistological biomarkers to help diagnose multiple tissue-specific diseases. Anat Histol Embryol 2023; 52:655-672. [PMID: 37329162 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cytoskeletal networks are proteins that effectively maintain cell integrity and provide mechanical support to cells by actively transmitting mechanical signals. Intermediate filaments, which are from the cytoskeleton family and are 10 nanometres in diameter, are unlike actin and microtubules, which are highly dynamic cytoskeletal elements. Intermediate filaments are flexible at low strain, harden at high strain and resist breaking. For this reason, these filaments fulfil structural functions by providing mechanical support to the cells through their different strain-hardening properties. Intermediate filaments are suitable in that cells both cope with mechanical forces and modulate signal transmission. These filaments are composed of fibrous proteins that exhibit a central α-helical rod domain with a conserved substructure. Intermediate filament proteins are divided into six groups. Type I and type II include acidic and basic keratins, type III, vimentin, desmin, peripheralin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), respectively. Type IV intermediate filament group includes neurofilament proteins and a fourth neurofilament subunit, α-internexin proteins. Type V consists of lamins located in the nucleus, and the type VI group consists of lens-specific intermediate filaments, CP49/phakinin and filen. Intermediate filament proteins show specific immunoreactivity in differentiating cells and mature cells of various types. Various carcinomas such as colorectal, urothelial and ovarian, diseases such as chronic pancreatitis, cirrhosis, hepatitis and cataract have been associated with intermediate filaments. Accordingly, this section reviews available immunohistochemical antibodies to intermediate filament proteins. Identification of intermediate filament proteins by methodological methods may contribute to the understanding of complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuleyha Doganyigit
- Faculty of Medicine, Histology and Embryology, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Ece Eroglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Aslı Okan
- Faculty of Medicine, Histology and Embryology, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
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46
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Hasan MM, Konishi S, Tanaka M, Izawa T, Yamate J, Kuwamura M. Disrupted neurogenesis, gliogenesis, and ependymogenesis in the Ccdc85c knockout rat for hydrocephalus model. Cells Dev 2023; 175:203858. [PMID: 37271245 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2023.203858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Coil-coiled domain containing 85c (Ccdc85c) is a causative gene for congenital hydrocephalus and subcortical heterotopia with frequent brain hemorrhage. We established Ccdc85c knockout (KO) rats and investigated the roles of CCDC85C and intermediate filament protein expression, including nestin, vimentin, GFAP, and cytokeratin AE1/AE3 during the lateral ventricle development in KO rats to evaluate the role of this gene. We found altered and ectopic expression of nestin and vimentin positive cells in the wall of the dorso-lateral ventricle in the KO rats during development from the age of postnatal day (P) 6, whereas both protein expression became faint in the wild-type rats. In the KO rats, there was a loss of cytokeratin expression on the surface of the dorso-lateral ventricle with ectopic expression and maldevelopment of ependymal cells. Our data also revealed disturbed GFAP expression at postnatal ages. These findings indicate that lack of CCDC85C disrupts the proper expression of intermediate filament proteins (nestin, vimentin, GFAP, and cytokeratin), and CCDC85C is necessary for normal neurogenesis, gliogenesis, and ependymogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mehedi Hasan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan.
| | - Shizuka Konishi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan.
| | - Miyuu Tanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Izawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan.
| | - Jyoji Yamate
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan.
| | - Mitsuru Kuwamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan.
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Brandl S, Reindl M. Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown in Neuroinflammation: Current In Vitro Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12699. [PMID: 37628879 PMCID: PMC10454051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier, which is formed by tightly interconnected microvascular endothelial cells, separates the brain from the peripheral circulation. Together with other central nervous system-resident cell types, including pericytes and astrocytes, the blood-brain barrier forms the neurovascular unit. Upon neuroinflammation, this barrier becomes leaky, allowing molecules and cells to enter the brain and to potentially harm the tissue of the central nervous system. Despite the significance of animal models in research, they may not always adequately reflect human pathophysiology. Therefore, human models are needed. This review will provide an overview of the blood-brain barrier in terms of both health and disease. It will describe all key elements of the in vitro models and will explore how different compositions can be utilized to effectively model a variety of neuroinflammatory conditions. Furthermore, it will explore the existing types of models that are used in basic research to study the respective pathologies thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Markus Reindl
- Clinical Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
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48
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Sherawat K, Mehan S. Tanshinone-IIA mediated neuroprotection by modulating neuronal pathways. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:1647-1667. [PMID: 37010572 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02476-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
The progression of neurological diseases is mainly attributed to oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and trauma, making them a primary public concern. Since no drugs can stop these neurological disorders from happening, active phytochemical intervention has been suggested as a possible treatment. Among the several phytochemicals being studied for their potential health advantages, tanshinone-IIA (Tan-IIA ) stands out due to its wide range of therapeutic effects. Tan-IIA, derived from the Salvia miltiorrhiza plant, is a phenanthrenequinone. The pharmacological characteristics of Tan-IIAagainst various neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric illnesses have led researchers to believe that the compound possesses neuroprotective potential. Tan-IIA has therapeutic potential in treating neurological diseases due to its capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier and its broad range of activities. In treating neurological disorders, Tan-IIA has been shown to have neuroprotective effects such as anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, BBB protectant, and antioxidant properties. This article concisely summarises the latest scientific findings about the cellular and molecular aspects of Tan-IIA neuroprotection in relation to various neurological diseases. The results of preclinical studies on Tan-IIA provide insight into its potential application in future therapeutic development. This molecule rapidly establishes as a prominent bioactive compound for clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Sherawat
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
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Ding L, Chu W, Xia Y, Shi M, Li T, Zhou FQ, Deng DYB. UCHL1 facilitates protein aggregates clearance to enhance neural stem cell activation in spinal cord injury. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:479. [PMID: 37507386 PMCID: PMC10382505 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06003-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Activation of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) is greatly significant for the adult neurogenesis; however, it is extremely limited in the spinal cord after injury. Recent evidence suggests that accumulation of protein aggregates impairs the ability of quiescent NSCs to activate. Ubiquitin c-terminal hydrolase l-1 (UCHL1), an important deubiquitinating enzyme, plays critical roles in protein aggregations clearance, but its effects on NSC activation remains unknown. Here, we show that UCHL1 promotes NSC activation by clearing protein aggregates through ubiquitin-proteasome approach. Upregulation of UCHL1 facilitated the proliferation of spinal cord NSCs after spinal cord injury (SCI). Based on protein microarray analysis of SCI cerebrospinal fluid, it is further revealed that C3+ neurotoxic reactive astrocytes negatively regulated UCHL1 and proteasome activity via C3/C3aR signaling, led to increased abundances of protein aggregations and decreased NSC proliferation. Furthermore, blockade of reactive astrocytes or C3/C3aR pathway enhanced NSC activation post-SCI by reserving UCHL1 and proteasome functions. Together, this study elucidated a mechanism regulating NSC activation in the adult spinal cord involving the UCHL1-proteasome approach, which may provide potential molecular targets and new insights for NSC fate regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ding
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Weiwei Chu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Ming Shi
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Tian Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Feng-Quan Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21287, USA.
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - David Y B Deng
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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50
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Rengifo AC, Rivera J, Álvarez-Díaz DA, Naizaque J, Santamaria G, Corchuelo S, Gómez CY, Torres-Fernández O. Morphological and Molecular Changes in the Cortex and Cerebellum of Immunocompetent Mice Infected with Zika Virus. Viruses 2023; 15:1632. [PMID: 37631975 PMCID: PMC10458311 DOI: 10.3390/v15081632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) disease continues to be a threat to public health, and it is estimated that millions of people have been infected and that there have been more cases of serious complications than those already reported. Despite many studies on the pathogenesis of ZIKV, several of the genes involved in the malformations associated with viral infection are still unknown. In this work, the morphological and molecular changes in the cortex and cerebellum of mice infected with ZIKV were evaluated. Neonatal BALB/c mice were inoculated with ZIKV intraperitoneally, and the respective controls were inoculated with a solution devoid of the virus. At day 10 postinoculation, the mice were euthanized to measure the expression of the markers involved in cortical and cerebellar neurodevelopment. The infected mice presented morphological changes accompanied by calcifications, as well as a decrease in most of the markers evaluated in the cortex and cerebellum. The modifications found could be predictive of astrocytosis, dendritic pathology, alterations in the regulation systems of neuronal excitation and inhibition, and premature maturation, conditions previously described in other models of ZIKV infection and microcephaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aura Caterine Rengifo
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20–Zone 6 CAN, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.R.); (D.A.Á.-D.); (J.N.); (G.S.); (S.C.); (C.Y.G.); (O.T.-F.)
| | - Jorge Rivera
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20–Zone 6 CAN, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.R.); (D.A.Á.-D.); (J.N.); (G.S.); (S.C.); (C.Y.G.); (O.T.-F.)
| | - Diego Alejandro Álvarez-Díaz
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20–Zone 6 CAN, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.R.); (D.A.Á.-D.); (J.N.); (G.S.); (S.C.); (C.Y.G.); (O.T.-F.)
- Genómica de Microorganismos Emergentes, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20–Zone 6 CAN, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Julián Naizaque
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20–Zone 6 CAN, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.R.); (D.A.Á.-D.); (J.N.); (G.S.); (S.C.); (C.Y.G.); (O.T.-F.)
| | - Gerardo Santamaria
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20–Zone 6 CAN, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.R.); (D.A.Á.-D.); (J.N.); (G.S.); (S.C.); (C.Y.G.); (O.T.-F.)
| | - Sheryll Corchuelo
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20–Zone 6 CAN, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.R.); (D.A.Á.-D.); (J.N.); (G.S.); (S.C.); (C.Y.G.); (O.T.-F.)
| | - Claudia Yadira Gómez
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20–Zone 6 CAN, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.R.); (D.A.Á.-D.); (J.N.); (G.S.); (S.C.); (C.Y.G.); (O.T.-F.)
| | - Orlando Torres-Fernández
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20–Zone 6 CAN, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.R.); (D.A.Á.-D.); (J.N.); (G.S.); (S.C.); (C.Y.G.); (O.T.-F.)
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