1
|
Liu S, Zhang F, Su J, Fang A, Tian B, Yu Y, Bi C, Ma D, Xiao S, Yang Y. CRISPR-targeted mutagenesis of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 improves both immunity and yield in wheat. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:1929-1941. [PMID: 38366355 PMCID: PMC11182583 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Plants have evolved a sophisticated immunity system for specific detection of pathogens and rapid induction of measured defences. Over- or constitutive activation of defences would negatively affect plant growth and development. Hence, the plant immune system is under tight positive and negative regulation. MAP kinase phosphatase1 (MKP1) has been identified as a negative regulator of plant immunity in model plant Arabidopsis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which MKP1 regulates immune signalling in wheat (Triticum aestivum) are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of TaMKP1 in wheat defence against two devastating fungal pathogens and determined its subcellular localization. We demonstrated that knock-down of TaMKP1 by CRISPR/Cas9 in wheat resulted in enhanced resistance to rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) and powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), indicating that TaMKP1 negatively regulates disease resistance in wheat. Unexpectedly, while Tamkp1 mutant plants showed increased resistance to the two tested fungal pathogens they also had higher yield compared with wild-type control plants without infection. Our results suggested that TaMKP1 interacts directly with dephosphorylated and activated TaMPK3/4/6, and TaMPK4 interacts directly with TaPAL. Taken together, we demonstrated TaMKP1 exert negative modulating roles in the activation of TaMPK3/4/6, which are required for MAPK-mediated defence signalling. This facilitates our understanding of the important roles of MAP kinase phosphatases and MAPK cascades in plant immunity and production, and provides germplasm resources for breeding for high resistance and high yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saifei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
- Institute for Plant Sciences, Cluster of Excellence on Plant SciencesUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Fengfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Jiaxuan Su
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Anfei Fang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Binnian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Chaowei Bi
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Dongfang Ma
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouHubeiChina
| | - Shunyuan Xiao
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology ResearchUniversity of MarylandRockvilleMarylandUSA
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape ArchitectureUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMarylandUSA
| | - Yuheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang J, Choi WG, Nguyen NK, Liu D, Kim SH, Lim D, Hwang BK, Jwa NS. Cytoplasmic Ca 2+ influx mediates iron- and reactive oxygen species-dependent ferroptotic cell death in rice immunity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1339559. [PMID: 38756966 PMCID: PMC11096502 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1339559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Iron- and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent ferroptosis occurs in plant cells. Ca2+ acts as a conserved key mediator to control plant immune responses. Here, we report a novel role of cytoplasmic Ca2+ influx regulating ferroptotic cell death in rice immunity using pharmacological approaches. High Ca2+ influx triggered iron-dependent ROS accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and subsequent hypersensitive response (HR) cell death in rice (Oryza sativa). During Magnaporthe oryzae infection, 14 different Ca2+ influx regulators altered Ca2+, ROS and Fe2+ accumulation, glutathione reductase (GR) expression, glutathione (GSH) depletion and lipid peroxidation, leading to ferroptotic cell death in rice. High Ca2+ levels inhibited the reduction of glutathione isulphide (GSSG) to GSH in vitro. Ca2+ chelation by ethylene glycol-bis (2-aminoethylether)-N, N, N', N'-tetra-acetic acid (EGTA) suppressed apoplastic Ca2+ influx in rice leaf sheaths during infection. Blocking apoplastic Ca2+ influx into the cytoplasm by Ca2+ chelation effectively suppressed Ca2+-mediated iron-dependent ROS accumulation and ferroptotic cell death. By contrast, acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), a plant defense activator, significantly enhanced Ca2+ influx, as well as ROS and iron accumulation to trigger ferroptotic cell death in rice. The cytoplasmic Ca2+ influx through calcium-permeable cation channels, including the putative resistosomes, could mediate iron- and ROS-dependent ferroptotic cell death under reduced GR expression levels in rice immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Gyu Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States
| | - Nam Khoa Nguyen
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongping Liu
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hwa Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States
| | - Dongyeol Lim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Kook Hwang
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Soo Jwa
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Van Gerrewey T, Chung HS. MAPK Cascades in Plant Microbiota Structure and Functioning. J Microbiol 2024; 62:231-248. [PMID: 38587594 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-024-00114-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are highly conserved signaling modules that coordinate diverse biological processes such as plant innate immunity and development. Recently, MAPK cascades have emerged as pivotal regulators of the plant holobiont, influencing the assembly of normal plant microbiota, essential for maintaining optimal plant growth and health. In this review, we provide an overview of current knowledge on MAPK cascades, from upstream perception of microbial stimuli to downstream host responses. Synthesizing recent findings, we explore the intricate connections between MAPK signaling and the assembly and functioning of plant microbiota. Additionally, the role of MAPK activation in orchestrating dynamic changes in root exudation to shape microbiota composition is discussed. Finally, our review concludes by emphasizing the necessity for more sophisticated techniques to accurately decipher the role of MAPK signaling in establishing the plant holobiont relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thijs Van Gerrewey
- Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Department of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, 21985, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoo Sun Chung
- Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Department of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, 21985, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li D, Wang W, Peng Y, Qiu X, Yang J, Zhang C, Wang E, Wang X, Yuan H. Soluble humic acid suppresses plant immunity and ethylene to promote soybean nodulation. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:871-884. [PMID: 38164043 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) is a crucial process for nitrogen geochemical cycling and plant-microbe interactions. Water-soluble humic acid (WSHM), an active component of soil humus, has been shown to promote SNF in the legume-rhizobial symbiosis, but its molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. To reveal the SNF-promoting mechanism, we conducted transcriptomic analysis on soybean treated with WSHM. Our findings revealed that up- and downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly involved in plant cell-wall/membrane formation and plant defence/immunity in the early stage, while the late stage was marked by the flavonoid synthesis and ethylene biosynthetic process. Further study on representative DEGs showed that WSHM could inhibit GmBAK1d-mediated immunity and BR signalling, thereby promoting rhizobial colonisation, infection, and nodulation, while not favoring pathogenic bacteria colonisation on the host plant. Additionally, we also found that the ethylene pathway is necessary for promoting the soybean nodulation by WSHM. This study not only provides a significant advance in our understanding of the molecular mechanism of WSHM in promoting SNF, but also provides evidence of the beneficial interactions among the biostimulator, host plant, and soil microbes, which have not been previously reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaoqian Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Entao Wang
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Xuelu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Hongli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xue P, Zhang L, Fan R, Li Y, Han X, Qi T, Zhao L, Yu D, Shen QH. HvMPK4 phosphorylates HvWRKY1 to enhance its suppression of barley immunity to powdery mildew fungus. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:313-325. [PMID: 37225086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play important roles in disease resistance in model plant species. However, the functions of MAPK signaling pathways in crop disease resistance are largely unknown. Here we report the function of HvMKK1-HvMPK4-HvWRKY1 module in barley immune system. HvMPK4 is identified to play a negative role in barley immune response against Bgh, as virus-induced gene silencing of HvMPK4 results in enhanced disease resistance whilst stably overexpressing HvMPK4 leads to super-susceptibility to Bgh infection. Furthermore, the barley MAPK kinase HvMKK1 is found to specifically interact with HvMPK4, and the activated HvMKK1DD variant specifically phosphorylates HvMPK4 in vitro. Moreover, the transcription factor HvWRKY1 is identified to be a downstream target of HvMPK4 and phosphorylated by HvMPK4 in vitro in the presence of HvMKK1DD. Phosphorylation assay coupled with mutagenesis analyses identifies S122, T284, and S347 in HvWRKY1 as the major residues phosphorylated by HvMPK4. HvWRKY1 is phosphorylated in barley at the early stages of Bgh infection, which enhances its suppression on barley immunity likely due to enhanced DNA-binding and transcriptional repression activity. Our data suggest that the HvMKK1-HvMPK4 kinase pair acts upstream of HvWRKY1 to negatively regulate barley immunity against powdery mildew.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengya Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Renchun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinyun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ting Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lifang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Deshui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qian-Hua Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jin J, Wang W, Fan D, Hao Q, Jia W. Emerging Roles of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways in the Regulation of Fruit Ripening and Postharvest Quality. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2831. [PMID: 38474080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Fleshy fruit ripening is a unique biological process that involves dramatic changes in a diverse array of cellular metabolisms. The regulation of these metabolisms is essentially mediated by cellular signal transduction of internal (e.g., hormones) and external cues (i.e., environmental stimuli). Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways play crucial roles in a diverse array of biological processes, such as plant growth, development and biotic/abiotic responses. Accumulating evidence suggests that MAPK signaling pathways are also implicated in fruit ripening and quality formation. However, while MAPK signaling has been extensively reviewed in Arabidopsis and some crop plants, the comprehensive picture of how MAPK signaling regulates fruit ripening and quality formation remains unclear. In this review, we summarize and discuss research in this area. We first summarize recent studies on the expression patterns of related kinase members in relation to fruit development and ripening and then summarize and discuss the crucial evidence of the involvement of MAPK signaling in fruit ripening and quality formation. Finally, we propose several perspectives, highlighting the research matters and questions that should be afforded particular attention in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jin
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dingyu Fan
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Qing Hao
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Wensuo Jia
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li C, Luo S, Feng L, Wang Q, Cheng J, Xie J, Lin Y, Fu Y, Jiang D, Chen T. Protist ubiquitin ligase effector PbE3-2 targets cysteine protease RD21A to impede plant immunity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1764-1778. [PMID: 38035763 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Clubroot, caused by the soil-borne protist pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae, is one of the most devastating diseases of Brassica oil and vegetable crops worldwide. Understanding the pathogen infection strategy is crucial for the development of disease control. However, because of its obligate biotrophic nature, the molecular mechanism by which this pathogen promotes infection remains largely unknown. P. brassicae E3 ubiquitin ligase 2 (PbE3-2) is a Really Interesting New Gene (RING)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase in P. brassicae with E3 ligase activity in vitro. Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) invertase assay and apoplast washing fluid extraction showed that PbE3-2 harbors a functional signal peptide. Overexpression of PbE3-2 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) resulted in higher susceptibility to P. brassicae and decreases in chitin-triggered reactive oxygen species burst and expression of marker genes in salicylic acid signaling. PbE3-2 interacted with and ubiquitinated host cysteine protease RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION 21A (RD21A) in vitro and in vivo. Mutant plants deficient in RD21A exhibited similar susceptibility and compromised immune responses as in PbE3-2 overexpression plants. We show that PbE3-2, which targets RD21A, is an important virulence factor for P. brassicae. Two other secretory RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligases in P. brassicae performed the same function as PbE3-2 and ubiquitinated RD21A. This study reveals a substantial virulence functional role of protist E3 ubiquitin ligases and demonstrates a mechanism by which protist E3 ubiquitin ligases degrade host immune-associated cysteine proteases to impede host immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Shaofeng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lu Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiasen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiatao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanping Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Daohong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Moon H, Jeong AR, Park CJ. Rice NLR protein XinN1, induced by a pattern recognition receptor XA21, confers enhanced resistance to bacterial blight. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:72. [PMID: 38376569 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Rice CC-type NLR XinN1, specifically induced by a PRR XA21, activates defense pathways against Xoo. Plants have evolved two layers of immune systems regulated by two different types of immune receptors, cell surface located pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat-containing receptors (NLRs). Plant PRRs recognize conserved molecular patterns from diverse pathogens, resulting in pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), whereas NLRs are activated by effectors secreted by pathogens into plant cells, inducing effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Rice PRR, XA21, recognizes a tyrosine-sulfated RaxX peptide (required for activation of XA21-mediated immunity X) as a molecular pattern secreted by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Here, we identified a rice NLR gene, XinN1, that is specifically induced during the XA21-mediated immune response against Xoo. Transgenic rice plants overexpressing XinN1 displayed increased resistance to infection by Xoo with reduced lesion length and bacterial growth. Overexpression of autoactive mutant of XinN1 (XinN1D543V) also displayed increased resistance to Xoo, accompanied with severe growth retardation and cell death. In rice protoplast system, overexpression of XinN1 or XinN1D543V significantly elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cytosolic-free calcium (Ca2+) accumulations. In addition, XinN1 overexpression additionally elevated the ROS burst caused by the interaction between XA21 and RaxX-sY and induced the transcription of PTI signaling components, including somatic embryogenesis receptor kinases (OsSERKs) and receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (OsRLCKs). Our results suggest that XinN1 induced by the PRR XA21 activates defense pathways and provides enhanced resistance to Xoo in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeran Moon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - A-Ram Jeong
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Jin Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang T, Zhou D, Chen M, Zou H, Tang Q, Lu Y, Zheng Y. Effects of the Fibrous Root of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Immunity, Antioxidant Capacity, and Intestinal Morphology of White-Feathered Broilers. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1627. [PMID: 37998829 PMCID: PMC10669470 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the effects of different doses of the fibrous roots of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua on the growth performance, slaughter parameters, meat quality, immune function, cytokines, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal morphology of white-feathered broilers. Also, the mechanism to improve immune functions of broilers was explored through network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. A total of 360 AA-white-feathered broilers were randomly divided into six groups (not separated by sex), with six repetitions per group (n = 10). The groups were as follows: basal diet (CON group), basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg aureomycin (ANT group), basal diet supplemented with 2%, 3%, and 4% fibrous root raw powder (LD, MD, and HD group), or basal diet supplemented with 3% fibrous root processed powder (PR group), in a 42-day experiment. The dietary inclusion of P. cyrtonema fibrous roots increased slaughter performance (p < 0.05), reduced the fat rate (p < 0.05), improved intestinal morphology (p < 0.05), and improved the immune organ index to varying degrees. It also significantly improved pH reduction, drip loss, and pressure loss of breast muscle and leg muscle (p < 0.05). Furthermore, it significantly improved immune and antioxidant functions including decreased MDA content of serum (p < 0.01), increased GSH-Px content (p < 0.01), IgG, IgA, and C4 contents (p < 0.05), and increased expression of IL-2 and IFN-γ (p < 0.01). Additionally, the mechanism by which fibrous roots improve immune function in broilers was explored using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. Network pharmacology and molecular docking revealed that flavonoids such as baicalein, 4',5-Dihydroxyflavone, 5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-3-(4'-hydroxybenzyl)-chroman-4-one, and 5,7-dihydroxy-3-(2'-hydroxy-4'-methoxybenzyl)-6,8-dimethyl-chroman-4-one were key components that enhanced immune function through the MAPK1 and other key targets involved in regulating the MAPK signaling pathway. From the findings, it can be concluded that incorporating P. cyrtonema Hua fibrous root as a natural feed supplement and growth promoter in broiler diets had a positive impact on bird health and performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianlu Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.Z.); (D.Z.); (Q.T.)
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.Z.); (D.Z.); (Q.T.)
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Miaofen Chen
- College of Animal Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Hui Zou
- Yipuyuan Huangjing Technology Co., Ltd., Xinhua 417600, China;
| | - Qi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.Z.); (D.Z.); (Q.T.)
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ying Lu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.Z.); (D.Z.); (Q.T.)
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yajie Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.Z.); (D.Z.); (Q.T.)
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha 410128, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen L, Yang J, Hu H, Jiang Y, Feng L, Liu J, Zhong K, Liu P, Ma Y, Chen M, Yang J. Large-scale phosphoproteome analysis in wheat seedling leaves provides evidence for extensive phosphorylation of regulatory proteins during CWMV infection. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:532. [PMID: 37914991 PMCID: PMC10621099 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) often causes severe damage to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and yield. It is well known that a successful infection in plants depends on a complex interaction between the host plant and the pathogen. Post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins is considered to be one of the main processes that decides the outcome of the plant-pathogen arms race during this interaction. Although numerous studies have investigated PTM in various organisms, there has been no large-scale phosphoproteomic analysis of virus-infected wheat plants. We therefore aimed to investigate the CWMV infection-induced phosphoproteomics changes in wheat by high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) using affinity-enriched peptides followed by comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS Through this study, a total of 4095 phosphorylation sites have been identified in 1968 proteins, and 11.6% of the phosphorylated proteins exhibited significant changes (PSPCs) in their phosphorylation levels upon CWMV infection. The result of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that most of the PSPCs were associated with photosynthesis, plant-pathogen interactions, and MAPK signaling pathways. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis result showed that these PSPCs were mainly participated in the regulation of biosynthesis and metabolism, protein kinase activities, and transcription factors. Furthermore, the phosphorylation levels of TaChi1 and TaP5CS, two plant immunity-related enzymes, were significantly changed upon CWMV infection, resulting in a significant decrease in CWMV accumulation in the infected plants. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that phosphorylation modification of protein plays a critical role in wheat resistance to CWMV infection. Upon CWMV infection, wheat plants will regulate the levels of extra- and intra-cellular signals and modifications of enzyme activities via protein phosphorylation. This novel information about the strategies used by wheat to resist CWMV infection will help researchers to breed new CWMV-resistant cultivars and to better understand the arms race between wheat and CWMV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Haichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Yaoyao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Lixiao Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jiaqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Kaili Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Youzhi Ma
- Institute of Crop Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lantican DV, Nocum JDL, Manohar ANC, Mendoza JVS, Gardoce RR, Lachica GC, Gueco LS, Dela Cueva FM. Comparative RNA-seq analysis of resistant and susceptible banana genotypes reveals molecular mechanisms in response to banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) infection. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18719. [PMID: 37907581 PMCID: PMC10618458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45937-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bananas hold significant economic importance as an agricultural commodity, serving as a primary livelihood source, a favorite fruit, and a staple crop in various regions across the world. However, Banana bunchy top disease (BBTD), which is caused by banana bunchy top virus (BBTV), poses a considerable threat to banana cultivation. To understand the resistance mechanism and the interplay of host suitability factors in the presence of BBTV, we conducted RNA-seq-based comparative transcriptomics analysis on mock-inoculated and BBTV-inoculated samples from resistant (wild Musa balbisiana) and susceptible (Musa acuminata 'Lakatan') genotypes. We observed common patterns of expression for 62 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both genotypes, which represent the typical defense response of bananas to BBTV. Furthermore, we identified 99 DEGs exclusive to the 'Lakatan' banana cultivar, offering insights into the host factors and susceptibility mechanisms that facilitate successful BBTV infection. In parallel, we identified 151 DEGs unique to the wild M. balbisiana, shedding light on the multifaceted mechanisms of BBTV resistance, involving processes such as secondary metabolite biosynthesis, cell wall modification, and pathogen perception. Notably, our validation efforts via RT-qPCR confirmed the up-regulation of the glucuronoxylan 4-O-methyltransferase gene (14.28 fold-change increase), implicated in xylan modification and degradation. Furthermore, our experiments highlighted the potential recruitment of host's substrate adaptor ADO (30.31 fold-change increase) by BBTV, which may play a role in enhancing banana susceptibility to the viral pathogen. The DEGs identified in this work can be used as basis in designing associated gene markers for the precise integration of resistance genes in marker-assisted breeding programs. Furthermore, the findings can be applied to develop genome-edited banana cultivars targeting the resistance and susceptibility genes, thus developing novel cultivars that are resilient to important diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darlon V Lantican
- Institute of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031, Laguna, Philippines.
| | - Jen Daine L Nocum
- Institute of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Anand Noel C Manohar
- Institute of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Jay-Vee S Mendoza
- Institute of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Roanne R Gardoce
- Institute of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Grace C Lachica
- Institute of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031, Laguna, Philippines
- Philippine Genome Center - Program for Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries, Forestry, Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Extension, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Lavernee S Gueco
- Institute of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Fe M Dela Cueva
- Institute of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031, Laguna, Philippines
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li H, Liu J, Yuan X, Chen X, Cui X. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals key pathways and regulatory networks in early resistance of Glycine max to soybean mosaic virus. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1241076. [PMID: 38033585 PMCID: PMC10687721 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1241076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As a high-value oilseed crop, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is limited by various biotic stresses during its growth and development. Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is a devastating viral infection of soybean that primarily affects young leaves and causes significant production and economic losses; however, the synergistic molecular mechanisms underlying the soybean response to SMV are largely unknown. Therefore, we performed RNA sequencing on SMV-infected resistant and susceptible soybean lines to determine the molecular mechanism of resistance to SMV. When the clean reads were aligned to the G. max reference genome, a total of 36,260 genes were identified as expressed genes and used for further research. Most of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with resistance were found to be enriched in plant hormone signal transduction and circadian rhythm according to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis. In addition to salicylic acid and jasmonic acid, which are well known in plant disease resistance, abscisic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, and cytokinin are also involved in the immune response to SMV in soybean. Most of the Ca2+ signaling related DEGs enriched in plant-pathogen interaction negatively influence SMV resistance. Furthermore, the MAPK cascade was involved in either resistant or susceptible responses to SMV, depending on different downstream proteins. The phytochrome interacting factor-cryptochrome-R protein module and the MEKK3/MKK9/MPK7-WRKY33-CML/CDPK module were found to play essential roles in soybean response to SMV based on protein-protein interaction prediction. Our findings provide general insights into the molecular regulatory networks associated with soybean response to SMV and have the potential to improve legume resistance to viral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinyang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang S, Miao W, Liu Y, Jiang J, Chen S, Chen F, Guan Z. Jasmonate signaling drives defense responses against Alternaria alternata in chrysanthemum. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:553. [PMID: 37723458 PMCID: PMC10507968 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09671-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Black spot disease caused by the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria spp. is one of the most devastating diseases affecting Chrysanthemum morifolium. There is currently no effective way to prevent chrysanthemum black spot. RESULTS We revealed that pre-treatment of chrysanthemum leaves with the methy jasmonate (MeJA) significantly reduces their susceptibility to Alternaria alternata. To understand how MeJA treatment induces resistance, we monitored the dynamics of metabolites and the transcriptome in leaves after MeJA treatment following A. alternata infection. JA signaling affected the resistance of plants to pathogens through cell wall modification, Ca2+ regulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation, mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade and hormonal signaling processes, and the accumulation of anti-fungal and anti-oxidant metabolites. Furthermore, the expression of genes associated with these functions was verified by reverse transcription quantitative PCR and transgenic assays. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that MeJA pre-treatment could be a potential orchestrator of a broad-spectrum defense response that may help establish an ecologically friendly pest control strategy and offer a promising way of priming plants to induce defense responses against A. alternata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration On Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weihao Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration On Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration On Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration On Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sumei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration On Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fadi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration On Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiyong Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration On Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hao Q, Yang H, Chen S, Qu Y, Zhang C, Chen L, Cao D, Yuan S, Guo W, Yang Z, Huang Y, Shan Z, Chen H, Zhou X. RNA-Seq and Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses of Asian Soybean Rust Resistant and Susceptible Soybean Genotypes Provide Insights into Identifying Disease Resistance Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13450. [PMID: 37686258 PMCID: PMC10487414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Asian soybean rust (ASR), caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is one of the most destructive foliar diseases that affect soybeans. Developing resistant cultivars is the most cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and easy strategy for controlling the disease. However, the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying soybean resistance to P. pachyrhizi remains limited, which poses a significant challenge in devising effective control strategies. In this study, comparative transcriptomic profiling using one resistant genotype and one susceptible genotype was performed under infected and control conditions to understand the regulatory network operating between soybean and P. pachyrhizi. RNA-Seq analysis identified a total of 6540 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were shared by all four genotypes. The DEGs are involved in defense responses, stress responses, stimulus responses, flavonoid metabolism, and biosynthesis after infection with P. pachyrhizi. A total of 25,377 genes were divided into 33 modules using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Two modules were significantly associated with pathogen defense. The DEGs were mainly enriched in RNA processing, plant-type hypersensitive response, negative regulation of cell growth, and a programmed cell death process. In conclusion, these results will provide an important resource for mining resistant genes to P. pachyrhizi infection and valuable resources to potentially pyramid quantitative resistance loci for improving soybean germplasm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingnan Hao
- Institute of Oil Crops Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.H.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (Y.Q.); (C.Z.); (L.C.); (D.C.); (S.Y.); (W.G.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Hongli Yang
- Institute of Oil Crops Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.H.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (Y.Q.); (C.Z.); (L.C.); (D.C.); (S.Y.); (W.G.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Shuilian Chen
- Institute of Oil Crops Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.H.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (Y.Q.); (C.Z.); (L.C.); (D.C.); (S.Y.); (W.G.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yanhui Qu
- Institute of Oil Crops Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.H.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (Y.Q.); (C.Z.); (L.C.); (D.C.); (S.Y.); (W.G.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.)
- The Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chanjuan Zhang
- Institute of Oil Crops Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.H.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (Y.Q.); (C.Z.); (L.C.); (D.C.); (S.Y.); (W.G.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Limiao Chen
- Institute of Oil Crops Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.H.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (Y.Q.); (C.Z.); (L.C.); (D.C.); (S.Y.); (W.G.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Dong Cao
- Institute of Oil Crops Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.H.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (Y.Q.); (C.Z.); (L.C.); (D.C.); (S.Y.); (W.G.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Songli Yuan
- Institute of Oil Crops Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.H.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (Y.Q.); (C.Z.); (L.C.); (D.C.); (S.Y.); (W.G.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Institute of Oil Crops Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.H.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (Y.Q.); (C.Z.); (L.C.); (D.C.); (S.Y.); (W.G.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Zhonglu Yang
- Institute of Oil Crops Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.H.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (Y.Q.); (C.Z.); (L.C.); (D.C.); (S.Y.); (W.G.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Institute of Oil Crops Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.H.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (Y.Q.); (C.Z.); (L.C.); (D.C.); (S.Y.); (W.G.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Zhihui Shan
- Institute of Oil Crops Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.H.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (Y.Q.); (C.Z.); (L.C.); (D.C.); (S.Y.); (W.G.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Institute of Oil Crops Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.H.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (Y.Q.); (C.Z.); (L.C.); (D.C.); (S.Y.); (W.G.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xinan Zhou
- Institute of Oil Crops Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.H.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (Y.Q.); (C.Z.); (L.C.); (D.C.); (S.Y.); (W.G.); (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang X, Ye ZX, Wang YZ, Wang XJ, Chen JP, Huang HJ. Transcriptomic Analysis of Tobacco Plants in Response to Whitefly Infection. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1640. [PMID: 37628691 PMCID: PMC10454835 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is one of the most destructive pests worldwide, and causes tremendous economic losses. Tobacco Nicotiana tabacum serves as a model organism for studying fundamental biological processes and is severely damaged by whiteflies. Hitherto, our knowledge of how tobacco perceives and defends itself against whiteflies has been scare. In this study, we analyze the gene expression patterns of tobacco in response to whitefly infestation. A total of 244 and 2417 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at 12 h and 24 h post whitefly infestation, respectively. Enrichment analysis demonstrates that whitefly infestation activates plant defense at both time points, with genes involved in plant pattern recognition, transcription factors, and hormonal regulation significantly upregulated. Notably, defense genes are more intensely upregulated at 24 h post infestation than at 12 h, indicating an increased immunity induced by whitefly infestation. In contrast, genes associated with energy metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, ribosomes, and photosynthesis are suppressed, suggesting impaired plant development. Taken together, our study provides comprehensive insights into how plants respond to phloem-feeding insects, and offers a theoretical basis for better research on plant-insect interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Z.-X.Y.); (Y.-Z.W.); (X.-J.W.)
| | - Zhuang-Xin Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Z.-X.Y.); (Y.-Z.W.); (X.-J.W.)
| | - Yi-Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Z.-X.Y.); (Y.-Z.W.); (X.-J.W.)
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Z.-X.Y.); (Y.-Z.W.); (X.-J.W.)
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Z.-X.Y.); (Y.-Z.W.); (X.-J.W.)
| | - Hai-Jian Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Z.-X.Y.); (Y.-Z.W.); (X.-J.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fan Z, Zhao B, Lai R, Wu H, Jia L, Zhao X, Luo J, Huang Y, Chen Y, Lin Y, Lai Z. Genome-Wide Identification of the MPK Gene Family and Expression Analysis under Low-Temperature Stress in the Banana. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2926. [PMID: 37631138 PMCID: PMC10460080 DOI: 10.3390/plants12162926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs and MPKs) are important in the process of resisting plant stress. In this study, 21, 12, 18, 16, and 10 MPKs were identified from Musa acuminata, Musa balbisiana, Musa itinerans, Musa schizocarpa, and Musa textilis, respectively. These MPKs were divided into Group A, B, C, and D. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that this difference in number was due to the gene shrinkage of the Group B subfamily of Musa balbisiana and Musa textilis. KEGG annotations revealed that K14512, which is involved in plant hormone signal transduction and the plant-pathogen interaction, was the most conserved pathway of the MPKs. The results of promoter cis-acting element prediction and focTR4 (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4) transcriptome expression analysis preliminarily confirmed that MPKs were relevant to plant hormone and biotic stress, respectively. The expression of MPKs in Group A was significantly upregulated at 4 °C, and dramatically, the MPKs in the root were affected by low temperature. miR172, miR319, miR395, miR398, and miR399 may be the miRNAs that regulate MPKs during low-temperature stress, with miR172 being the most critical. miRNA prediction and qRT-PCR results indicated that miR172 may negatively regulate MPKs. Therefore, we deduced that MPKs might coordinate with miR172 to participate in the process of the resistance to low-temperature stress in the roots of the banana. This study will provide a theoretical basis for further analysis of the mechanism of MPKs under low-temperature stress of bananas, and this study could be applied to molecular breeding of bananas in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Fan
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.F.); (B.Z.); (R.L.); (H.W.); (L.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Bianbian Zhao
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.F.); (B.Z.); (R.L.); (H.W.); (L.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ruilian Lai
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.F.); (B.Z.); (R.L.); (H.W.); (L.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
- Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Huan Wu
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.F.); (B.Z.); (R.L.); (H.W.); (L.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Liang Jia
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.F.); (B.Z.); (R.L.); (H.W.); (L.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaobing Zhao
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.F.); (B.Z.); (R.L.); (H.W.); (L.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jie Luo
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.F.); (B.Z.); (R.L.); (H.W.); (L.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yuji Huang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.F.); (B.Z.); (R.L.); (H.W.); (L.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yukun Chen
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.F.); (B.Z.); (R.L.); (H.W.); (L.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yuling Lin
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.F.); (B.Z.); (R.L.); (H.W.); (L.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zhongxiong Lai
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.F.); (B.Z.); (R.L.); (H.W.); (L.J.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jiang R, Zhou S, Da X, Yan P, Wang K, Xu J, Mo X. OsMKK6 Regulates Disease Resistance in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12678. [PMID: 37628859 PMCID: PMC10454111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades play important roles in various biological programs in plants, including immune responses, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we identified the lesion mimic mutant rsr25 (rust spots rice 25) and determined that the mutant harbored a loss-of-function allele for OsMKK6 (MITOGEN-ACTIVATED KINASE KINASE 6). rsr25 developed reddish-brown spots on its leaves at the heading stage, as well as on husks. Compared to the wild type, the rsr25 mutant exhibited enhanced resistance to the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) and to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). OsMKK6 interacted with OsMPK4 (MITOGEN-ACTIVATED KINASE 4) in vivo, and OsMKK6 phosphorylated OsMPK4 in vitro. The Osmpk4 mutant is also a lesion mimic mutant, with reddish-brown spots on its leaves and husks. Pathogen-related genes were significantly upregulated in Osmpk4, and this mutant exhibited enhanced resistance to M. oryzae compared to the wild type. Our results indicate that OsMKK6 and OsMPK4 form a cascade that regulates immune responses in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaorong Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (R.J.); (S.Z.); (X.D.); (P.Y.); (K.W.); (J.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Iakovidis M, Chung EH, Saile SC, Sauberzweig E, El Kasmi F. The emerging frontier of plant immunity's core hubs. FEBS J 2023; 290:3311-3335. [PMID: 35668694 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ever-growing world population, increasingly frequent extreme weather events and conditions, emergence of novel devastating crop pathogens and the social strive for quality food products represent a huge challenge for current and future agricultural production systems. To address these challenges and find realistic solutions, it is becoming more important by the day to understand the complex interactions between plants and the environment, mainly the associated organisms, but in particular pathogens. In the past several years, research in the fields of plant pathology and plant-microbe interactions has enabled tremendous progress in understanding how certain receptor-based plant innate immune systems function to successfully prevent infections and diseases. In this review, we highlight and discuss some of these new ground-breaking discoveries and point out strategies of how pathogens counteract the function of important core convergence hubs of the plant immune system. For practical reasons, we specifically place emphasis on potential applications that can be detracted by such discoveries and what challenges the future of agriculture has to face, but also how these challenges could be tackled.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michail Iakovidis
- Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology Department, Mediterranean Agricultural Institute of Chania, Greece
| | - Eui-Hwan Chung
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Svenja C Saile
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elke Sauberzweig
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Farid El Kasmi
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dallacorte LV, Bosse MA, Capelin D, Paladini MV, Cattani F, Remor MB, Donizetti de Lima J, Perboni AT, Marchese JA. Economic versus technical efficiency in using ASM combined with fungicides to elicit wheat varieties with different disease susceptibilities. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17012. [PMID: 37484364 PMCID: PMC10361120 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the positive results of using elicitors to induce resistance against plant diseases, some factors have inhibited the popularization of their use in agriculture. There is an energetic cost related to the elicitors' induced response which can cause undesired effects on growth under low-pressure disease conditions. Elicitors can create phytotoxicity and show high variation in their efficiency between different genotypes within the same crop; in addition, the positive results related to the induced resistance may not repeat in field treatments, adding to the possibility that they are not economically viable. Thus, we carried out two experiments to investigate the technical and economic efficiency of acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) and its association with fungicides in the control of leaf diseases of susceptible and resistant wheat varieties, and as how it reflects on the photosynthetic and production performance of wheat. This study showed the limitations of incorporating ASM into foliar fungal disease control in economic terms. However, it was evident that ASM effectively induced plant resistance against Leaf Rust and Powdery Mildew in the field and can be considered a sustainable option for wheat cultivation. Even though its association with chemical control was not the best economic strategy the use of ASM is a tool that can be incorporated into wheat cultivation to minimize the emergence of fungicide-resistant pathogens due to the diversification of modes of action employed and reduce the toxic residue deposition to the environment and human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Antonio Bosse
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | - Diogo Capelin
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vily Paladini
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | - Felipe Cattani
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Anelise Tessari Perboni
- Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brazil
| | - José Abramo Marchese
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Huerta AI, Sancho-Andrés G, Montesinos JC, Silva-Navas J, Bassard S, Pau-Roblot C, Kesten C, Schlechter R, Dora S, Ayupov T, Pelloux J, Santiago J, Sánchez-Rodríguez C. The WAK-like protein RFO1 acts as a sensor of the pectin methylation status in Arabidopsis cell walls to modulate root growth and defense. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:865-881. [PMID: 37002606 PMCID: PMC10168605 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Most organisms adjust their development according to the environmental conditions. For the majority, this implies the sensing of alterations to cell walls caused by different cues. Despite the relevance of this process, few molecular players involved in cell wall sensing are known and characterized. Here, we show that the wall-associated kinase-like protein RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM 1 (RFO1) is required for plant growth and early defense against Fusarium oxysporum and functions by sensing changes in the pectin methylation levels in the cell wall. The RFO1 dwell time at the plasma membrane is affected by the pectin methylation status at the cell wall, regulating MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE and gene expression. We show that the extracellular domain of RFO1 binds de-methylated pectin in vitro, whose distribution in the cell wall is altered during F. oxysporum infection. Further analyses also indicate that RFO1 is required for the BR-dependent plant growth alteration in response to inhibition of pectin de-methyl-esterase activity at the cell wall. Collectively, our work demonstrates that RFO1 is a sensor of the pectin methylation status that plays a unique dual role in plant growth and defense against vascular pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Apolonio I Huerta
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (D-BIOL), Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Javier Silva-Navas
- University of Lausanne, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Solène Bassard
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro - BIOPI Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie, 33 Rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Corinne Pau-Roblot
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro - BIOPI Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie, 33 Rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Christopher Kesten
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (D-BIOL), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rudolf Schlechter
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (D-BIOL), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Dora
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (D-BIOL), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Temurkhan Ayupov
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (D-BIOL), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Pelloux
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro - BIOPI Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie, 33 Rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Julia Santiago
- University of Lausanne, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhong G, Chen Y, Liu S, Gao C, Chen R, Wang Z, Wang W, Tang D. EDR1 associates with its homologs to synergistically regulate plant immunity in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 330:111619. [PMID: 36737004 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ENHANCED DISEASE RESISTANCE 1 (EDR1), a Raf-like mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase kinase (MAPKKK), is a negative regulator of resistance. There are three homologs, RAF3/4/5, of EDR1 in Arabidopsis. However, the roles of RAF3/4/5 in resistance and their functional link with EDR1 in plant immunity remain unclear. Here, we showed that the raf3/4/5 triple mutant displayed wild-type-like phenotypes to the powdery mildew pathogen Golovinomyces cichoracearum UCSC1 and the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pto) DC3000. However, the edr1 raf3/4/5 quadruple mutant exhibited enhanced resistance to G. cichoracearum UCSC1 and Pto DC3000 compared to edr1. Consistently, MPK3/6 kinase activity was more highly activated in edr1 raf3/4/5 than that in edr1. Moreover, the enhanced resistance of edr1 raf3/4/5 required SALICYLIC ACID INDUCTION DEFICIENT 2 (SID2), an isochorismate synthase required for salicylic acid (SA) synthesis. Additionally, unlike EDR1, RAF3/4/5 weakly and indirectly associated with MKK4/5, and EDR1 was directly associated with RAF3/4/5. Taken together, these data indicate that EDR1 associates with RAF3/4/5, and they may function together to synergistically suppress MAPK cascades activation, which reveal the complexity and importance of Raf-like MAPKKKs in plant immunity regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guitao Zhong
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yongming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Simu Liu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chenyang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhanchun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Dingzhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kim D, Chen D, Ahsan N, Jorge GL, Thelen JJ, Stacey G. The Raf-like MAPKKK INTEGRIN-LINKED KINASE 5 regulates purinergic receptor-mediated innate immunity in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:1572-1592. [PMID: 36762404 PMCID: PMC10118279 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling cascades play important roles in eukaryotic defense against various pathogens. Activation of the extracellular ATP (eATP) receptor P2K1 triggers MAP kinase 3 and 6 (MPK3/6) phosphorylation, which leads to an elevated plant defense response. However, the mechanism by which P2K1 activates the MAPK cascade is unclear. In this study, we show that in Arabidopsis thaliana, P2K1 phosphorylates the Raf-like MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) INTEGRIN-LINKED KINASE 5 (ILK5) on serine 192 in the presence of eATP. The interaction between P2K1 and ILK5 was confirmed both in vitro and in planta and their interaction was enhanced by ATP treatment. Similar to P2K1 expression, ILK5 expression levels were highly induced by treatment with ATP, flg22, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, and various abiotic stresses. ILK5 interacts with and phosphorylates the MAP kinase MKK5. Moreover, phosphorylation of MPK3/6 was significantly reduced upon ATP treatment in ilk5 mutant plants, relative to wild-type (WT). The ilk5 mutant plants showed higher susceptibility to P. syringae pathogen infection relative to WT plants. Plants expressing only the mutant ILK5S192A protein, with decreased kinase activity, did not activate the MAPK cascade upon ATP addition. These results suggest that eATP activation of P2K1 results in transphosphorylation of the Raf-like MAPKKK ILK5, which subsequently triggers the MAPK cascade, culminating in activation of MPK3/6 associated with an elevated innate immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daewon Kim
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, C.S. Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Dongqin Chen
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, C.S. Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Nagib Ahsan
- Division of Biochemistry, C.S. Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Gabriel Lemes Jorge
- Division of Biochemistry, C.S. Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jay J Thelen
- Division of Biochemistry, C.S. Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Gary Stacey
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, C.S. Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Division of Biochemistry, C.S. Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yu MM, Wang R, Xia JQ, Li C, Xu QH, Cang J, Wang YY, Zhang D. JA-induced TaMPK6 enhanced the freeze tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana through regulation of ICE-CBF-COR module and antioxidant enzyme system. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 329:111621. [PMID: 36736462 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play important roles in the stress response of plants. However, the function of MPK proteins in freeze-resistance in wheat remains unclear. Dongnongdongmai No.1 (Dn1) is a winter wheat variety with a strong freezing resistance at extremely low temperature. In this study, we demonstrated that TaMPK6 is induced by JA signaling and is involved in the modulation of Dn1 freeze resistance. Overexpression of TaMPK6 in Arabidopsis increased the survival rate of plant at -10 ℃. The scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of cold-responsive genes CBFs and CORs were significantly enhanced in TaMPK6-overexpressed Arabidopsis, suggesting a role of TaMPK6 in activating the ICE-CBF-COR module and antioxidant enzyme system to resist freezing stress. Furthermore, TaMPK6 is localized in the nucleus and TaMPK6 interacts with TaICE41, TaCBF14, and TaMYC2 proteins, the key components in JA signaling and the ICE-CBF-COR pathway. These results suggest that JA-induced TaMPK6 may regulate freezing-resistance in wheat by interacting with the TaICE41, TaCBF14, and TaMYC2 proteins, which in turn enhances the ICE-CBF-COR pathway. Our study revealed the molecular mechanism of TaMPK6 involvement in the cold resistance pathway in winter wheat under cold stress, which provides a basis for enriching the theory of wheat cold resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Yu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing-Qiu Xia
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chang Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qing-Hua Xu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Cang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu-Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Da Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Reim S, Emeriewen OF, Peil A, Flachowsky H. Deciphering the Mechanism of Tolerance to Apple Replant Disease Using a Genetic Mapping Approach in a Malling 9 × M. × robusta 5 Population Identifies SNP Markers Linked to Candidate Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076307. [PMID: 37047278 PMCID: PMC10094387 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Apple replant disease (ARD) is a worldwide economic risk in apple production. Although several studies have shown that the wild apple accession Malus × robusta 5 (Mr5) is ARD-tolerant, the genetics of this tolerance have not yet been elucidated. A genetic mapping approach with a biparental population derived from contrasting parents involving molecular markers provides a means for marker-assisted selection of genetically complex traits and for determining candidate genes. In this study, we crossed the ARD-tolerant wild apple accession Mr5 and the ARD-susceptible rootstock ‘M9’ and analyzed the resultant progeny for ARD tolerance. Hence, a high-density genetic map using a tunable genotyping-by-sequencing (tGBS) approach was established. A total of 4804 SNPs together with 77 SSR markers were included in the parental maps comprising 17 linkage groups. The phenotypic responses to ARD were evaluated for 106 offspring and classified by an ARD-susceptibility index (ASI). A Kruskal–Wallis test identified SNP markers and one SSR marker on linkage groups (LG) 6 and 2 that correlated with ARD tolerance. We found nine candidate genes linked with these markers, which may be associated with plant response to ARD. These candidate genes provide some insight into the defense mechanisms against ARD and should be studied in more detail.
Collapse
|
25
|
Approaches to Reduce Rice Blast Disease Using Knowledge from Host Resistance and Pathogen Pathogenicity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054985. [PMID: 36902415 PMCID: PMC10003181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice is one of the staple foods for the majority of the global population that depends directly or indirectly on it. The yield of this important crop is constantly challenged by various biotic stresses. Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae), is a devastating rice disease causing severe yield losses annually and threatening rice production globally. The development of a resistant variety is one of the most effective and economical approaches to control rice blast. Researchers in the past few decades have witnessed the characterization of several qualitative resistance (R) and quantitative resistance (qR) genes to blast disease as well as several avirulence (Avr) genes from the pathogen. These provide great help for either breeders to develop a resistant variety or pathologists to monitor the dynamics of pathogenic isolates, and ultimately to control the disease. Here, we summarize the current status of the isolation of R, qR and Avr genes in the rice-M. oryzae interaction system, and review the progresses and problems of these genes utilized in practice for reducing rice blast disease. Research perspectives towards better managing blast disease by developing a broad-spectrum and durable blast resistance variety and new fungicides are also discussed.
Collapse
|
26
|
Nie X, Zhao S, Hao Y, Gu S, Zhang Y, Qi B, Xing Y, Qin L. Transcriptome analysis reveals key genes involved in the resistance to Cryphonectria parasitica during early disease development in Chinese chestnut. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:79. [PMID: 36740701 PMCID: PMC9901152 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04072-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chestnut blight, one of the most serious branch diseases in Castanea caused by Cryphonectria parasitica, which has ravaged across American chestnut and most of European chestnut since the early twentieth century. Interestingly, the Chinese chestnut is strongly resistant to chestnut blight, shedding light on restoring the ecological status of Castanea plants severely affected by chestnut blight. To better explore the early defense of Chinese chestnut elicited in response to C. parasitica, the early stage of infection process of C. parasitica was observed and RNA sequencing-based transcriptomic profiling of responses of the chestnut blight-resistant wild resource 'HBY-1' at 0, 3 and 9 h after C. parasitica inoculation was performed. RESULTS First, we found that 9 h was a critical period for Chinese chestnut infected by C. parasitica, which was the basis of further study on transcriptional activation of Chinese chestnut in response to chestnut blight in the early stage. In the transcriptome analysis, a total of 283 differentially expressed genes were identified between T9 h and Mock9 h, and these DEGs were mainly divided into two clusters, one of which was metabolism-related pathways including biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and photosynthesis; the other was related to plant-pathogen interaction and MAPK signal transduction. Meanwhile, the two clusters of pathways could be connected through junction among phosphatidylinositol signaling system, phytohormone signaling pathway and α-Linolenic acid metabolism pathway. It is worth noting that genes associated with JA biosynthesis and metabolic pathway were significantly up-regulated, revealing that the entire JA metabolic pathway was activated in Chinese chestnut at the early stage of chestnut blight infection. CONCLUSION We identified the important infection nodes of C. parasitica and observed the morphological changes of Chinese chestnut wounds at the early stage of infection. In response to chestnut blight, the plant hormone and MAPK signal transduction pathways, plant-pathogen interaction pathways and metabolism-related pathways were activated at the early stage. JA biosynthesis and metabolic pathway may be particularly involved in the Chinese chestnut resistance to chestnut blight. These results contributes to verifying the key genes involved in the resistance of Chinese chestnut to C. parasitica.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Nie
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqiong Hao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Si Gu
- Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Baoxiu Qi
- Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Yu Xing
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
| | - Ling Qin
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gou M, Balint-Kurti P, Xu M, Yang Q. Quantitative disease resistance: Multifaceted players in plant defense. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:594-610. [PMID: 36448658 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to large-effect qualitative disease resistance, quantitative disease resistance (QDR) exhibits partial and generally durable resistance and has been extensively utilized in crop breeding. The molecular mechanisms underlying QDR remain largely unknown but considerable progress has been made in this area in recent years. In this review, we summarize the genes that have been associated with plant QDR and their biological functions. Many QDR genes belong to the canonical resistance gene categories with predicted functions in pathogen perception, signal transduction, phytohormone homeostasis, metabolite transport and biosynthesis, and epigenetic regulation. However, other "atypical" QDR genes are predicted to be involved in processes that are not commonly associated with disease resistance, such as vesicle trafficking, molecular chaperones, and others. This diversity of function for QDR genes contrasts with qualitative resistance, which is often based on the actions of nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) resistance proteins. An understanding of the diversity of QDR mechanisms and of which mechanisms are effective against which classes of pathogens will enable the more effective deployment of QDR to produce more durably resistant, resilient crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Peter Balint-Kurti
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Plant Science Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Mingliang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Maize Biology and Genetic Breeding in Arid Area of Northwest Region of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yang X, Li Y, Yu R, Zhang L, Yang Y, Xiao D, Li A, Wang Y. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles reveal adaptive responses of three poplar varieties against the bacterial pathogen Lonsdalea populi. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:306-321. [PMID: 36217265 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Different poplar varieties vary in their tolerance to certain pathogens. However, knowledge about molecular regulation and critical responses of resistant poplars during pathogen infection remains scarce. To investigate adaptive responses to canker disease caused by the bacterium Lonsdalea populi, we screened three poplar varieties with contrasting tolerance, including Populus deltoides. 'Zhonglin 2025' (2025), Populus × Euramericana. '74/76' (107) and Populus tomentosa cv 'henan' (P. tomentosa). Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant changes in the expression levels of defence-related genes in different poplar varieties in response to infection, which reshaped the PTI and ETI processes. Intriguingly, photosynthesis-related genes were found to be highly expressed in the resistant variety, whereas the opposite was observed in the susceptible variety. Susceptible poplars maintained the activation of defence-related genes during early period of onset, which restricted the expression of photosynthesis-related and auxin signal-related genes. Furthermore, combined with metabolomic analysis, differences in the content of antibacterial substances and key differentially expressed genes in phenylpropane and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways were identified. Delayed induction of catechin in the susceptible variety and it's in vitro antibacterial activity were considered to be one of the important reasons for the differences in resistance to L. populi compared with the resistant variety, which is of practical interest for tree breeding. Moreover, the trade-off between growth and defence observed among the three poplar varieties during infection provides new insights into the multilevel regulatory circuits in tree-pathogen interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruen Yu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lichun Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuzhang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Aining Li
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wei J, Wang X, Hu Z, Wang X, Wang J, Wang J, Huang X, Kang Z, Tang C. The Puccinia striiformis effector Hasp98 facilitates pathogenicity by blocking the kinase activity of wheat TaMAPK4. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:249-264. [PMID: 36181397 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The obligate biotrophic fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) employs virulence effectors to disturb host immunity and causes devastating stripe rust disease. However, our understanding of how Pst effectors regulate host defense responses remains limited. In this study, we determined that the Pst effector Hasp98, which is highly expressed in Pst haustoria, inhibits plant immune responses triggered by flg22 or nonpathogenic bacteria. Overexpression of Hasp98 in wheat (Triticum aestivum) suppressed avirulent Pst-triggered immunity, leading to decreased H2 O2 accumulation and promoting P. striiformis infection, whereas stable silencing of Hasp98 impaired P. striiformis pathogenicity. Hasp98 interacts with the wheat mitogen-activated protein kinase TaMAPK4, a positive regulator of plant resistance to stripe rust. The conserved TEY motif of TaMAPK4 is important for its kinase activity, which is required for the resistance function. We demonstrate that Hasp98 inhibits the kinase activity of TaMAPK4 and that the stable silencing of TaMAPK4 compromises wheat resistance against P. striiformis. These results suggest that Hasp98 acts as a virulence effector to interfere with the MAPK signaling pathway in wheat, thereby promoting P. striiformis infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Pioneering Innovation Center for Wheat Stress Tolerance Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Pioneering Innovation Center for Wheat Stress Tolerance Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Zeyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Pioneering Innovation Center for Wheat Stress Tolerance Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Pioneering Innovation Center for Wheat Stress Tolerance Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jialiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Pioneering Innovation Center for Wheat Stress Tolerance Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Pioneering Innovation Center for Wheat Stress Tolerance Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xueling Huang
- Pioneering Innovation Center for Wheat Stress Tolerance Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Pioneering Innovation Center for Wheat Stress Tolerance Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Chunlei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Pioneering Innovation Center for Wheat Stress Tolerance Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Romero-Hernandez G, Martinez M. Opposite roles of MAPKKK17 and MAPKKK21 against Tetranychus urticae in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1038866. [PMID: 36570948 PMCID: PMC9768502 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1038866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
After recognizing a biotic stress, plants activate signalling pathways to fight against the attack. Typically, these signalling pathways involve the activation of phosphorylation cascades mediated by Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs). In the Arabidopsis thaliana-Tetranychus urticae plant-herbivore model, several Arabidopsis MAP kinases are induced by the mite attack. In this study, we demonstrate the participation of the MEKK-like kinases MAPKKK17 and MAPKKK21. Leaf damage caused by the mite was assessed using T-DNA insertion lines. Differential levels of damage were found when the expression of MAPKKK17 was increased or reduced. In contrast, reduced expression of MAPKKK21 resulted in less damage caused by the mite. Whereas the expression of several genes associated with hormonal responses did not suffer significant variations in the T-DNA insertion lines, the expression of one of these kinases depends on the expression of the other one. In addition, MAPKKK17 and MAPKKK21 are coexpressed with different sets of genes and encode proteins with low similarity in the C-terminal region. Overall, our results demonstrate that MAPKKK17 and MAPKKK21 have opposite roles. MAPKKK17 and MAPKKK21 act as positive and negative regulators, respectively, on the plant response. The induction of MAPKKK17 and MAPKKK21 after mite infestation would be integrated into the bulk of signalling pathways activated to balance the response of the plant to a biotic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gara Romero-Hernandez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Martinez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, UPM, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kim M, Lee D, Cho HS, Chung YS, Park HJ, Jung HW. RNA-seq Gene Profiling Reveals Transcriptional Changes in the Late Phase during Compatible Interaction between a Korean Soybean Cultivar (Glycine max cv. Kwangan) and Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae B728a. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 38:603-615. [PMID: 36503189 PMCID: PMC9742799 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.08.2022.0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr.) provides plant-derived proteins, soy vegetable oils, and various beneficial metabolites to humans and livestock. The importance of soybean is highly underlined, especially when carbon-negative sustainable agriculture is noticeable. However, many diseases by pests and pathogens threaten sustainable soybean production. Therefore, understanding molecular interaction between diverse cultivated varieties and pathogens is essential to developing disease-resistant soybean plants. Here, we established a pathosystem of the Korean domestic cultivar Kwangan against Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae B728a. This bacterial strain caused apparent disease symptoms and grew well in trifoliate leaves of soybean plants. To examine the disease susceptibility of the cultivar, we analyzed transcriptional changes in soybean leaves on day 5 after P. syringae pv. syringae B728a infection. About 8,900 and 7,780 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in this study, and significant proportions of DEGs were engaged in various primary and secondary metabolisms. On the other hand, soybean orthologs to well-known plant immune-related genes, especially in plant hormone signal transduction, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, and plant-pathogen interaction, were mainly reduced in transcript levels at 5 days post inoculation. These findings present the feature of the compatible interaction between cultivar Kwangan and P. syringae pv. syringae B728a, as a hemibiotroph, at the late infection phase. Collectively, we propose that P. syringae pv. syringae B728a successfully inhibits plant immune response in susceptible plants and deregulates host metabolic processes for their colonization and proliferation, whereas host plants employ diverse metabolites to protect themselves against infection with the hemibiotrophic pathogen at the late infection phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myoungsub Kim
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Dong-A University, Busan 49315,
Korea
| | - Dohui Lee
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Dong-A University, Busan 49315,
Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Cho
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Dong-A University, Busan 49315,
Korea
| | - Young-Soo Chung
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Dong-A University, Busan 49315,
Korea
| | - Hee Jin Park
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Dong-A University, Busan 49315,
Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Ho Won Jung
- Institute of Agricultural Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315,
Korea
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jiang S, Zheng W, Li Z, Tan J, Wu M, Li X, Hong SB, Deng J, Zhu Z, Zang Y. Enhanced Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica rapa by Activating Host Immunity through Exogenous Verticillium dahliae Aspf2-like Protein (VDAL) Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213958. [PMID: 36430439 PMCID: PMC9694685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sclerotinia stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive diseases in Brassica rapa. Verticillium dahliae Aspf2-like protein (VDAL) is a secretory protein of V. dahliae which has been shown to enhance the resistance against fungal infections in several plants. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanisms of VDAL-primed disease resistance are still poorly understood. In this study, we performed physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses of Brassica rapa in order to understand how VDAL confers resistance to S. sclerotiorumn infections in plants. The results showed that foliar application of VDAL significantly reduced the plaque area on leaves inoculated with S. sclerotiorum. It also enhanced antioxidant capacity by increasing activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO), and defense-related enzymes β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase during the infection periods. This occurred in parallel with significantly reduced relative conductivity at different periods and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content as compared to sole S. sclerotiorum inoculation. Transcriptomic analysis showed a total of 146 (81 up-regulated and 65 down-regulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in VDAL-treated leaves compared to the control. The most enriched three Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, plant hormone signal transduction, and plant-pathogen interaction, all of which were associated with plant immunity. DEGs associated with MAPK and hormone signal transduction pathways were ethylene response sensor ERS2, EIN3 (Ethylene Insensitive3)-binding F-box protein 2 (EBF2), ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF94, MAPK 9 (MKK9), protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C37), auxin-responsive proteins (AUX/IAA1 and 19), serine/threonine-protein kinase CTR1, and abscisic acid receptors (PLY 4 and 5). Among the DEGs linked with the plant-pathogen interaction pathway were calmodulin-like proteins (CML5, 24, 27), PTI1-like tyrosine protein kinase 3 (Pti13) and transcription factor MYB30, all of which are known to play key roles in pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) for hypersensitive response (HR), cell wall reinforcement, and stomatal closure in plants. Overall, VDLA treatment triggered repression of the auxin and ABA signaling pathways and de-repression of the ethylene signaling pathways in young B. rapa seedlings to increase plant innate immunity. Our results showed that VDAL holds great potential to enhance fungal disease resistance in B. rapa crop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shufang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Zewei Li
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jingru Tan
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Meifang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Seung-Beom Hong
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Houston Clear Lake, Houston, TX 77058-1098, USA
| | - Jianyu Deng
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Zhujun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yunxiang Zang
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-571-63702335
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sun Q, Xu Z, Huang W, Li D, Zeng Q, Chen L, Li B, Zhang E. Integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis reveals salicylic acid and flavonoid pathways' key roles in cabbage's defense responses to Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1005764. [PMID: 36388482 PMCID: PMC9659849 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1005764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is a vascular bacteria pathogen causing black rot in cabbage. Here, the resistance mechanisms of cabbage against Xcc infection were explored by integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis. Pathogen perception, hormone metabolisms, sugar metabolisms, and phenylpropanoid metabolisms in cabbage were systemically re-programmed at both transcriptional and metabolic levels after Xcc infection. Notably, the salicylic acid (SA) metabolism pathway was highly enriched in resistant lines following Xcc infection, indicating that the SA metabolism pathway may positively regulate the resistance of Xcc. Moreover, we also validated our hypothesis by showing that the flavonoid pathway metabolites chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid could effectively inhibit the growth of Xcc. These findings provide valuable insights and resource datasets for further exploring Xcc-cabbage interactions and help uncover molecular breeding targets for black rot-resistant varieties in cabbage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Baohua Li
- *Correspondence: Baohua Li, ; Enhui Zhang,
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Nguyen NK, Wang J, Liu D, Hwang BK, Jwa NS. Rice iron storage protein ferritin 2 (OsFER2) positively regulates ferroptotic cell death and defense responses against Magnaporthe oryzae. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1019669. [PMID: 36352872 PMCID: PMC9639352 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1019669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ferritin is a ubiquitous iron storage protein that regulates iron homeostasis and oxidative stress in plants. Iron plays an important role in ferroptotic cell death response of rice (Oryza sativa) to Magnaporthe oryzae infection. Here, we report that rice ferritin 2, OsFER2, is required for iron- and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent ferroptotic cell death and defense response against the avirulent M. oryzae INA168. The full-length ferritin OsFER2 and its transit peptide were localized to the chloroplast, the most Fe-rich organelle for photosynthesis. This suggests that the transit peptide acts as a signal peptide for the rice ferritin OsFER2 to move into chloroplasts. OsFER2 expression is involved in rice resistance to M. oryzae infection. OsFER2 knock-out in wild-type rice HY did not induce ROS and ferric ion (Fe3+) accumulation, lipid peroxidation and hypersensitive response (HR) cell death, and also downregulated the defense-related genes OsPAL1, OsPR1-b, OsRbohB, OsNADP-ME2-3, OsMEK2 and OsMPK1, and vacuolar membrane transporter OsVIT2 expression. OsFER2 complementation in ΔOsfer2 knock-out mutants restored ROS and iron accumulation and HR cell death phenotypes during infection. The iron chelator deferoxamine, the lipid-ROS scavenger ferrostatin-1, the actin microfilament polymerization inhibitor cytochalasin E and the redox inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium suppressed ROS and iron accumulation and HR cell death in rice leaf sheaths. However, the small-molecule inducer erastin did not trigger iron-dependent ROS accumulation and HR cell death induction in ΔOsfer2 mutants. These combined results suggest that OsFER2 expression positively regulates iron- and ROS-dependent ferroptotic cell death and defense response in rice-M. oryzae interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nam Khoa Nguyen
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Juan Wang
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dongping Liu
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung Kook Hwang
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nam-Soo Jwa
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bai G, Fang DH, Yang DH, Tong ZJ, Chen XJ, Fei ML, Gong JL, Xie H, Xiao BG. Transcriptomics and iTRAQ-proteomics analyses provide novel insights into the defense mechanism of black shank disease in tobacco. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:991074. [PMID: 36340390 PMCID: PMC9634741 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.991074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Black shank disease caused by Phytophthora nicotianae is one of the most important diseases in tobacco worldwide and can result in a devastating loss in tobacco cultivation. Many efforts have been carried out to identify the chromosome segment from Nicotiana plumbaginifolia containing a resistance locus carrying a gene named Php; however, the Php gene has not been cloned, and knowledge of the potential mechanism of the Php gene in the resistant lines is limited. To further characterize the resistance mechanism of the Php gene, we first used the resistant line "RBST" and the susceptible cultivar "Honghuadajinyuan" (HD) to obtain the near-isogenic line RBS89 containing the Php gene from RBST. RBS89 showed high resistance to black shank disease. Transcriptomic and iTRAQ analyses were applied to explore the potential defense mechanisms in RBS89 plants in comparison with HD plants with or without inoculation. Many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and proteins were identified, and some pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins were extensively abundant in the RBS89 plants when compared with the HD plants in response to black shank disease. Importantly, overexpression of the PR gene NtPR-1B in HD plants improved the resistance of tobacco plants to black shank disease, indicating that NtPR-1B and Php genes might have similar roles in protecting tobacco from black shank disease. However, the relationship between NtPR-1B and Php genes requires further analysis. Therefore, our study provides valuable information for breeding tobacco cultivars with black shank disease resistance and sheds light on the defense mechanism of black shank disease in tobacco for enhancing Phytophthora resistance in other Solanaceae crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Bai
- Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, Kunming, China
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Dun-Huang Fang
- Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, Kunming, China
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Da-Hai Yang
- Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, Kunming, China
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Tong
- Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, Kunming, China
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Xue-Jun Chen
- Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, Kunming, China
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Ming-Liang Fei
- Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, Kunming, China
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Jiu-Ling Gong
- Lincang Company of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Lincang, China
| | - He Xie
- Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, Kunming, China
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming, China
| | - Bing-Guang Xiao
- Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, Kunming, China
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bai J, Xie Y, Shi M, Yao S, Lu W, Xiao K. TaMPK2B, a member of the MAPK family in T. aestivum, enhances plant low-Pi stress tolerance through modulating physiological processes associated with phosphorus starvation defensiveness. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 323:111375. [PMID: 35820548 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are present in plant species and modulate plant growth and stress responses. This study characterizes TaMPK2B, a MAPK family gene in T. aestivum that regulates plant adaptation to low-Pi stress. TaMPK2B harbors the conserved domains involving protein phosphorylation and protein-protein interaction. A yeast two-hybrid assay reveals an interaction between TaMPK2B and TaMPKK2 and between the latter and TaMPKKK;A, suggesting that all comprise a MAPK signaling cascade TaMPKKK;A-TaMPKK2-TaMPK2B. TaMPK2B expression levels were elevated in roots and leaves under a Pi starvation (PS) condition. Additionally, the induced TaMPK2B transcripts under PS in tissues were gradually restored following the Pi normal recovery condition. TaMPK2B overexpression conferred on plants improved PS adaptation; the tobacco lines with TaMPK2B overexpression enhanced the plant's dry mass production, Pi uptake capacity, root system architecture (RSA) establishment, and ROS homeostasis relative to wild type under PS treatment. Moreover, the transcripts of genes in phosphate transporter (PT), PIN-FORMED, and antioxidant enzyme (AE) families, including NtPT3 and NtPT4, NtPIN9, and NtMnSOD1 and NtPOD1;7, were elevated in Pi-deprived lines overexpressing TaMPK2B. Transgene analyses validated their functions in regulating Pi uptake, RSA establishment, and AE activities of plants treated by PS. These results suggest that TaMPK2B-mediated plant PS adaptation is correlated with the modified transcription of distinct PT, PIN, and AE genes. Our investigation suggests that TaMPK2B is one of the crucial regulators in plant low-Pi adaptation by improving Pi uptake, RSA formation, and ROS homeostasis via transcriptionally regulating genes associated with the above physiological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Bai
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding 071001, PR China; College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Yameng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding 071001, PR China; College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Meihua Shi
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding 071001, PR China; College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Sufei Yao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding 071001, PR China; College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding 071001, PR China; College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China.
| | - Kai Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding 071001, PR China; College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang T, Liu M, Wu Y, Tian Y, Han Y, Liu C, Hao J, Fan S. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of MAPK Gene Family in Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) and Functional Analysis of LsMAPK4 in High- Temperature-Induced Bolting. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11129. [PMID: 36232436 PMCID: PMC9569992 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is a widely distributed signaling cascade in eukaryotes and is involved in regulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. High temperature, a frequently occurring environmental stressor, causes premature bolting in lettuce with quality decline and yield loss. However, whether MAPKs play roles in thermally induced bolting remains poorly understood. In this study, 17 LsMAPK family members were identified from the lettuce genome. The physical and chemical properties, subcellular localization, chromosome localization, phylogeny, gene structure, family evolution, cis-acting elements, and phosphorylation sites of the LsMAPK gene family were evaluated via in silico analysis. According to phylogenetic relationships, LsMAPKs can be divided into four groups, A, B, C, and D, which is supported by analyses of gene structure and conserved domains. The collinearity analysis showed that there were 5 collinearity pairs among LsMAPKs, 8 with AtMAPKs, and 13 with SlMAPKs. The predicted cis-acting elements and potential phosphorylation sites were closely associated with hormones, stress resistance, growth, and development. Expression analysis showed that most LsMAPKs respond to high temperatures, among which LsMAPK4 is significantly and continuously upregulated upon heat treatments. Under heat stress, the stem length of the LsMAPK4-knockdown lines was significantly shorter than that of the control plants, and the microscope observations demonstrated that the differentiation time of flower buds at the stem apex was delayed accordingly. Therefore, silencing of LsMAPK4 significantly inhibited the high- temperature-accelerated bolting in lettuce, indicating that LsMPAK4 might be a potential regulator of lettuce bolting. This study provides a theoretical basis for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the MAPK genes in high-temperature-induced bolting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jinhong Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shuangxi Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Borhan MH, Van de Wouw AP, Larkan NJ. Molecular Interactions Between Leptosphaeria maculans and Brassica Species. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 60:237-257. [PMID: 35576591 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-021621-120602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Canola is an important oilseed crop, providing food, feed, and fuel around the world. However, blackleg disease, caused by the ascomycete Leptosphaeria maculans, causes significant yield losses annually. With the recent advances in genomic technologies, the understanding of the Brassica napus-L. maculans interaction has rapidly increased, with numerous Avr and R genes cloned, setting this system up as a model organism for studying plant-pathogen associations. Although the B. napus-L. maculans interaction follows Flor's gene-for-gene hypothesis for qualitative resistance, it also puts some unique spins on the interaction. This review discusses the current status of the host-pathogen interaction and highlights some of the future gaps that need addressing moving forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Hossein Borhan
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada;
| | | | - Nicholas J Larkan
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yang Y, Chen T, Dai X, Yang D, Wu Y, Chen H, Zheng Y, Zhi Q, Wan X, Tan X. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed molecular mechanisms of peanut leaves responding to Ralstonia solanacearum and its type III secretion system mutant. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:998817. [PMID: 36090119 PMCID: PMC9453164 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.998817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a serious soil-borne disease that limits peanut production and quality, but the molecular mechanisms of the peanut response to R. solanacearum remain unclear. In this study, we reported the first work analyzing the transcriptomic changes of the resistant and susceptible peanut leaves infected with R. solanacearum HA4-1 and its type III secretion system mutant strains by the cutting leaf method at different timepoints (0, 24, 36, and 72 h post inoculation). A total of 125,978 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and subsequently classified into six groups to analyze, including resistance-response genes, susceptibility-response genes, PAMPs induced resistance-response genes, PAMPs induced susceptibility-response genes, T3Es induced resistance-response genes, and T3Es induced susceptibility-response genes. KEGG enrichment analyses of these DEGs showed that plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction, and MAPK signaling pathway were the outstanding pathways. Further analysis revealed that CMLs/CDPKs-WRKY module, MEKK1-MKK2-MPK3 cascade, and auxin signaling played important roles in the peanut response to R. solanacearum. Upon R. solanacearum infection (RSI), three early molecular events were possibly induced in peanuts, including Ca2+ activating CMLs/CDPKs-WRKY module to regulate the expression of resistance/susceptibility-related genes, auxin signaling was induced by AUX/IAA-ARF module to activate auxin-responsive genes that contribute to susceptibility, and MEKK1-MKK2-MPK3-WRKYs was activated by phosphorylation to induce the expression of resistance/susceptibility-related genes. Our research provides new ideas and abundant data resources to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the peanut response to R. solanacearum and to further improve the bacterial wilt resistance of peanuts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Dai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yushuang Wu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huilan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yixiong Zheng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Zhi
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaorong Wan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaorong Wan,
| | - Xiaodan Tan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Xiaodan Tan,
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gao H, Jiang L, Du B, Ning B, Ding X, Zhang C, Song B, Liu S, Zhao M, Zhao Y, Rong T, Liu D, Wu J, Xu P, Zhang S. GmMKK4-activated GmMPK6 stimulates GmERF113 to trigger resistance to Phytophthora sojae in soybean. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 111:473-495. [PMID: 35562858 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora root and stem rot is a worldwide soybean (Glycine max) disease caused by the soil-borne pathogen Phytophthora sojae. This disease is devastating to soybean production, so improvement of resistance to P. sojae is a major target in soybean breeding. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are important signaling modules that convert environmental stimuli into cellular responses. Compared with extensive studies in Arabidopsis, the molecular mechanism of MAPK cascades in soybean disease resistance is barely elucidated. In this work, we found that the gene expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (GmMPK6) was potently induced by P. sojae infection in the disease-resistant soybean cultivar 'Suinong 10'. Overexpression of GmMPK6 in soybean resulted in enhanced resistance to P. sojae and silencing of GmMPK6 led to the opposite phenotype. In our attempt to dissect the role of GmMPK6 in soybean resistance to phytophthora disease, we found that MAPK kinase 4 (GmMKK4) and the ERF transcription factor GmERF113 physically interact with GmMPK6, and we determined that GmMKK4 could phosphorylate and activate GmMPK6, which could subsequently phosphorylate GmERF113 upon P. sojae infection, suggesting that P. sojae can stimulate the GmMKK4-GmMPK6-GmERF113 signaling pathway in soybean. Moreover, phosphorylation of GmERF113 by the GmMKK4-GmMPK6 module promoted GmERF113 stability, nuclear localization and transcriptional activity, which significantly enhanced expression of the defense-related genes GmPR1 and GmPR10-1 and hence improved disease resistance of the transgenic soybean seedlings. In all, our data reveal that the GmMKK4-GmMPK6-GmERF113 cascade triggers resistance to P. sojae in soybean and shed light on functions of MAPK kinases in plant disease resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Liangyu Jiang
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin, 150030, China
- Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Banghan Du
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Bin Ning
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xiaodong Ding
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Chuanzhong Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Bo Song
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yuxin Zhao
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Tianyu Rong
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Dongxue Liu
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Junjiang Wu
- Soybean Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture P. R. China, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin, 150030, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Xie Y, Ding M, Yin X, Wang G, Zhang B, Chen L, Ma P, Dong J. MAPKK2/4/5/7-MAPK3-JAZs modulate phenolic acid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 199:113177. [PMID: 35358599 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic acids are the major bioactive metabolites produced in Salvia miltiorrhiza, a traditional Chinese medicine called Danshen. Many phytohormone elicitor treatments induce phenolic acid biosynthesis, even though the underlying mechanism remains obscure. Expression pattern analysis showed that SmMAPK3 was highly expressed in leaves, and SmMAPK3 was significantly induced by salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (JA). Bioinformatics analysis revealed that SmMAPK3 belongs to group A and contains a TEY motif in the activation loop together with three conserved regions (P-loop, C-loop and CD-domain). A previous study speculated that SmMAPK3 is likely a positive regulator in the biosynthesis of phenolic acids in S. miltiorrhiza. In this study, overexpression of SmMAPK3 increased phenolic acid biosynthetic gene expression and enhanced the accumulation of phenolic acids in S. miltiorrhiza plantlets. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) analysis and firefly luciferase complementation imaging (LCI) assays revealed that SmMAPKK2/4/5/7-SmMAPK3-SmJAZs form a cascade that regulates the accumulation of phenolic acids. In summary, this work deepens our understanding of the posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms of phenolic acid biosynthesis and sheds new light on metabolic engineering in S. miltiorrhiza.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Meiling Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Xuecui Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Guanfeng Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Lingxiang Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Pengda Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Juane Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Xie X, Han Y, Yuan X, Zhang M, Li P, Ding A, Wang J, Cheng T, Zhang Q. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals that Exogenous Melatonin Confers Lilium Disease Resistance to Botrytis elliptica. Front Genet 2022; 13:892674. [PMID: 35774503 PMCID: PMC9237519 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.892674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf blight, caused by Botrytis elliptica (Berk.) Cooke, is a devastating disease that limits the production of Lilium in China and in other countries worldwide. Numerous studies have indicated that plants have evolved sophisticated and effective signal transduction and defense-related pathways in response to pathogen invasion. Recently, particular attention has been given to the action(s) of melatonin in plants in response to biotic stress, and the role of melatonin in plant–pathogen interactions has also been discussed. In this study, RNA-seq was applied to analyze the transcriptomic changes in Lilium leaves that were pre-treated and post-treated with melatonin after B. elliptica infection for 0, 12, 24, 36, and 72 h and then compare those changes with those of the control. Treatment with exogenous melatonin and infection with B. elliptica caused differential expression of a large number of genes in Lilium leaves. KEGG pathway analysis showed that, after melatonin treatment, the defense-related DEGs were mainly enriched in plant–pathogen interactions, plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling pathways, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and phenylalanine metabolism. RT–qPCR was used to verify the expression changes of 12 DEGs, the results of which were consistent with the RNA-seq analysis results. The expression of DEGs related to the MAPK pathway were significantly different between the MB group and the HB group, suggesting that, via the MAPK signaling cascade, melatonin may play a role in the disease resistance of Lilium to B. elliptica. This study provides a new perspective and information for molecular-based breeding of Lilium disease resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Aiqin Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Tangren Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qixiang Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Gong P, Kang J, Sadeghnezhad E, Bao R, Ge M, Zhuge Y, Shangguan L, Fang J. Transcriptional Profiling of Resistant and Susceptible Cultivars of Grapevine ( Vitis L.) Reveals Hypersensitive Responses to Plasmopara viticola. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:846504. [PMID: 35572700 PMCID: PMC9097084 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.846504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapevine downy mildew is the most serious disease of grapevine cultivars that affects the rate of resistance/susceptibility to Plasmopara viticola. In this study, we used the susceptible cultivar "Zitian Seedless" and the resistant cultivar "Kober 5BB" as materials to determine the transcriptome differences and phenotypes of the leaves after inoculation with downy mildew. The differences in microstructures and molecular levels were compared and analyzed. Fluorescence staining and microscopic observations confirmed that hypersensitive cell death occurred around the stomata in "Kober 5BB" infected by downy mildew zoospores. Meanwhile, transcriptomic profiling indicated that there were 11,713 and 6,997 gene expression differences between the resistant and susceptible cultivars at 72 h after inoculation when compared to control (0 h), respectively. The differentially expressed genes of the two cultivars are significantly enriched in different pathways, including response to plant-pathogen interaction, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid, and flavonoid biosynthesis. Furthermore, the results of functional enrichment analysis showed that H2O2 metabolism, cell death, reactive oxygen response, and carbohydrate metabolism are also involved in the defense response of "Kober 5BB," wherein a total of 322 key genes have been identified. The protein interaction network showed that metacaspases (MCAs), vacuolar processing enzymes (VPEs), and Papain-like cysteine proteases (PLCPs) play an important role in the execution of hypersensitive responses (HR). In conclusion, we demonstrated that HR cell death is the key strategy in the process of grape defense against downy mildew, which may be mediated or activated by Caspase-like proteases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peijie Gong
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Kang
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ehsan Sadeghnezhad
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruoxuan Bao
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengqing Ge
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaxian Zhuge
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingfei Shangguan
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinggui Fang
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Activation and turnover of the plant immune signaling kinase BIK1: a fine balance. Essays Biochem 2022; 66:207-218. [PMID: 35575190 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms to sense and respond to pathogens have evolved in all species. The plant immune pathway is initiated by the activation of transmembrane receptor kinases that trigger phosphorylation relays resulting in cellular reprogramming. BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE 1 (BIK1) is a direct substrate of multiple immune receptors in Arabidopsis thaliana and is a central regulator of plant immunity. Here, we review how BIK1 activity and protein stability are regulated by a dynamic interplay between phosphorylation and ubiquitination.
Collapse
|
45
|
Romero-Hernandez G, Martinez M. Plant Kinases in the Perception and Signaling Networks Associated With Arthropod Herbivory. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:824422. [PMID: 35599859 PMCID: PMC9116192 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.824422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The success in the response of plants to environmental stressors depends on the regulatory networks that connect plant perception and plant response. In these networks, phosphorylation is a key mechanism to activate or deactivate the proteins involved. Protein kinases are responsible for phosphorylations and play a very relevant role in transmitting the signals. Here, we review the present knowledge on the contribution of protein kinases to herbivore-triggered responses in plants, with a focus on the information related to the regulated kinases accompanying herbivory in Arabidopsis. A meta-analysis of transcriptomic responses revealed the importance of several kinase groups directly involved in the perception of the attacker or typically associated with the transmission of stress-related signals. To highlight the importance of these protein kinase families in the response to arthropod herbivores, a compilation of previous knowledge on their members is offered. When available, this information is compared with previous findings on their role against pathogens. Besides, knowledge of their homologous counterparts in other plant-herbivore interactions is provided. Altogether, these observations resemble the complexity of the kinase-related mechanisms involved in the plant response. Understanding how kinase-based pathways coordinate in response to a specific threat remains a major challenge for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gara Romero-Hernandez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid – Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Martinez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid – Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Yang F, Miao Y, Liu Y, Botella JR, Li W, Li K, Song CP. Function of Protein Kinases in Leaf Senescence of Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:864215. [PMID: 35548290 PMCID: PMC9083415 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.864215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is an evolutionarily acquired process and it is critical for plant fitness. During senescence, macromolecules and nutrients are disassembled and relocated to actively growing organs. Plant leaf senescence process can be triggered by developmental cues and environmental factors, proper regulation of this process is essential to improve crop yield. Protein kinases are enzymes that modify their substrates activities by changing the conformation, stability, and localization of those proteins, to play a crucial role in the leaf senescence process. Impressive progress has been made in understanding the role of different protein kinases in leaf senescence recently. This review focuses on the recent progresses in plant leaf senescence-related kinases. We summarize the current understanding of the function of kinases on senescence signal perception and transduction, to help us better understand how the orderly senescence degeneration process is regulated by kinases, and how the kinase functions in the intricate integration of environmental signals and leaf age information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengbo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yuchen Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yuyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jose R. Botella
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Weiqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Chun-Peng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Li J, Deng F, Wang H, Qiang X, Meng Y, Shan W. The Raf-like kinase Raf36 negatively regulates plant resistance against the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora parasitica by targeting MKK2. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2022; 23:530-542. [PMID: 34935273 PMCID: PMC8916217 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Oomycetes represent a unique group of plant pathogens that are phylogenetically distant from true fungi and cause significant crop losses and environmental damage. Understanding of the genetic basis of host plant susceptibility facilitates the development of novel disease resistance strategies. In this study, we report the identification of an Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA mutant with enhanced resistance to Phytophthora parasitica with an insertion in the Raf-like mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase gene Raf36. We generated additional raf36 mutants by CRISPR/Cas9 technology as well as Raf36 complementation and overexpression transformants, with consistent results of infection assays showing that Raf36 mediates Arabidopsis susceptibility to P. parasitica. Using a virus-induced gene silencing assay, we silenced Raf36 homologous genes in Nicotiana benthamiana and demonstrated by infection assays the conserved immune function of Raf36. Mutagenesis analyses indicated that the kinase activity of Raf36 is important for its immune function and interaction with MKK2, a MAPK kinase. By generating and analysing mkk2 mutants and MKK2 complementation and overexpression transformants, we found that MKK2 is a positive immune regulator in the response to P. parasitica infection. Furthermore, infection assay on mkk2 raf36 double mutant plants indicated that MKK2 is required for the raf36-conferred resistance to P. parasitica. Taken together, we identified a Raf-like kinase Raf36 as a novel plant susceptibility factor that functions upstream of MKK2 and directly targets it to negatively regulate plant resistance to P. parasitica.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfang Li
- College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Fengyan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- College of Life SciencesNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Hongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Xiaoyu Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Yuling Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Weixing Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Gao Z, Zhang D, Wang X, Zhang X, Wen Z, Zhang Q, Li D, Dinesh-Kumar SP, Zhang Y. Coat proteins of necroviruses target 14-3-3a to subvert MAPKKKα-mediated antiviral immunity in plants. Nat Commun 2022; 13:716. [PMID: 35132090 PMCID: PMC8821596 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play an important role in innate immunity against various pathogens in plants and animals. However, we know very little about the importance of MAPK cascades in plant defense against viral pathogens. Here, we used a positive-strand RNA necrovirus, beet black scorch virus (BBSV), as a model to investigate the relationship between MAPK signaling and virus infection. Our findings showed that BBSV infection activates MAPK signaling, whereas viral coat protein (CP) counteracts MAPKKKα-mediated antiviral defense. CP does not directly target MAPKKKα, instead it competitively interferes with the binding of 14-3-3a to MAPKKKα in a dose-dependent manner. This results in the instability of MAPKKKα and subversion of MAPKKKα-mediated antiviral defense. Considering the conservation of 14-3-3-binding sites in the CPs of diverse plant viruses, we provide evidence that 14-3-3-MAPKKKα defense signaling module is a target of viral effectors in the ongoing arms race of defense and viral counter-defense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Dingliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Qianshen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Dawei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Savithramma P Dinesh-Kumar
- Department of Plant Biology and The Genome Center, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
The Anti-Apoptotic Role of COX-2 during In Vitro Infection of Human Intestinal Cell Line by Giardia duodenalis and The Potential Regulators. Infect Immun 2022; 90:e0067221. [PMID: 35130451 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00672-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis inhabits the upper small intestine of mammals including humans and causes a disease known as giardiasis, which can lead to diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and bloating. G. duodenalis was known as a causative factor of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) apoptosis. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been identified as an influencing factor of pathogen infection by participating in immune response, while its role in host defense against Giardia infection is not clear. Here we initially observed the involvement of COX-2 in the regulation of Giardia-induced IEC apoptosis. Inhibition of COX-2 activity could promote Giardia-induced reduction of IEC viability, increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and decrease of nitric oxide (NO) release, which would exacerbate IEC apoptosis. In addition, during Giardia-IEC interactions, COX-2 inhibition was able to accelerate caspase-3 activation and PARP cleavage, and inhibit the expressions of some anti-apoptotic proteins like cIAP-2 and survivin. In contrast, COX-2 over-expression could reduce Giardia-induced IEC apoptosis. We further investigated the regulatory mechanisms affecting COX-2 expression in terms of anti-apoptosis. The results showed that p38/ERK/AKT/NF-κB signaling could regulate COX-2-mediated ROS/NO production and anti-IEC apoptosis during Giardia infection. We also found that COX-2-mediated anti-IEC apoptosis induced by Giardia was related to TLR4-dependent activation of p38-NF-κB signaling. Collectively, this study identified COX-2 as a promoter for apoptotic resistance during Giardia-IEC interactions and determined the potential regulators, furthering our knowledge of anti-Giardia host defense mechanism.
Collapse
|
50
|
Sun T, Zhang Y. MAP kinase cascades in plant development and immune signaling. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e53817. [PMID: 35041234 PMCID: PMC8811656 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are important signaling modules regulating diverse biological processes. During the past 20 years, much progress has been made on the functions of MAPK cascades in plants. This review summarizes the roles of MAPKs, known MAPK substrates, and our current understanding of MAPK cascades in plant development and innate immunity. In addition, recent findings on the molecular links connecting surface receptors to MAPK cascades and the mechanisms underlying MAPK signaling specificity are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongjun Sun
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Department of BotanyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| |
Collapse
|