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Malek Mohammadi M, Rismanchi H, Esmailzadeh S, Farahani A, Hedayati N, Alimohammadi M, Mafi A, Farahani N, Hushmandi K. The emerging role of circular RNAs in cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer: From molecular mechanism to future potential. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:1280-1291. [PMID: 39040815 PMCID: PMC11261309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most common cause of death in female cancers. The prognosis of OC is very poor due to delayed diagnosis and identification of most patients in advanced stages, metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to chemotherapy. As chemotherapy with platinum-based drugs such as cisplatin (DDP) is the main treatment in most OC cases, resistance to DDP is an important obstacle to achieving satisfactory therapeutic efficacy. Consequently, knowing the different molecular mechanisms involved in resistance to DDP is necessary to achieve new therapeutic approaches. According to numerous recent studies, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) could regulate proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and chemoresistance in many cancers, including OC. Most of these ncRNAs are released by tumor cells into human fluid, allowing them to be used as tools for diagnosis. CircRNAs are ncRNA family members that have a role in the initiation, progression, and chemoresistance regulation of various cancers. In the current study, we investigated the roles of several circRNAs and their signaling pathways on OC progression and also on DDP resistance during chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamidreza Rismanchi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shakiba Esmailzadeh
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aryan Farahani
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Hedayati
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Alimohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mafi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Najma Farahani
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Xie L, Li H, Xiao M, Chen N, Zang X, Liu Y, Ye H, Tang C. Epigenetic insights into Fragile X Syndrome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1432444. [PMID: 39220684 PMCID: PMC11362040 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1432444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder closely associated with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders. The core of the disease lies in the abnormal expansion of the CGG trinucleotide repeat sequence at the 5'end of the FMR1 gene. When the repetition exceeds 200 times, it causes the silencing of the FMR1 gene, leading to the absence of the encoded Fragile X mental retardation protein 1 (FMRP). Although the detailed mechanism by which the CGG repeat expansion triggers gene silencing is yet to be fully elucidated, it is known that this process does not alter the promoter region or the coding sequence of the FMR1 gene. This discovery provides a scientific basis for the potential reversal of FMR1 gene silencing through interventional approaches, thereby improving the symptoms of FXS. Epigenetics, a mechanism of genetic regulation that does not depend on changes in the DNA sequence, has become a new focus in FXS research by modulating gene expression in a reversible manner. The latest progress in molecular genetics has revealed that epigenetics plays a key role in the pathogenesis and pathophysiological processes of FXS. This article compiles the existing research findings on the role of epigenetics in Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) with the aim of deepening the understanding of the pathogenesis of FXS to identify potential targets for new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangqun Xie
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Huiying Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - MengLiang Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Ningjing Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Hong Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Chaogang Tang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
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3
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Li F, Li W. Readers of RNA Modification in Cancer and Their Anticancer Inhibitors. Biomolecules 2024; 14:881. [PMID: 39062595 PMCID: PMC11275166 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment has always been a challenge for humanity. The inadequacies of current technologies underscore the limitations of our efforts against this disease. Nevertheless, the advent of targeted therapy has introduced a promising avenue, furnishing us with more efficacious tools. Consequently, researchers have turned their attention toward epigenetics, offering a novel perspective in this realm. The investigation of epigenetics has brought RNA readers to the forefront, as they play pivotal roles in recognizing and regulating RNA functions. Recently, the development of inhibitors targeting these RNA readers has emerged as a focal point in research and holds promise for further strides in targeted therapy. In this review, we comprehensively summarize various types of inhibitors targeting RNA readers, including non-coding RNA (ncRNA) inhibitors, small-molecule inhibitors, and other potential inhibitors. We systematically elucidate their mechanisms in suppressing cancer progression by inhibiting readers, aiming to present inhibitors of readers at the current stage and provide more insights into the development of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenjin Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
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4
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Goleij P, Pourali G, Raisi A, Ravaei F, Golestan S, Abed A, Razavi ZS, Zarepour F, Taghavi SP, Ahmadi Asouri S, Rafiei M, Mousavi SM, Hamblin MR, Talei S, Sheida A, Mirzaei H. Role of Non-coding RNAs in the Response of Glioblastoma to Temozolomide. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04316-z. [PMID: 39023794 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are widely used in clinical practice across the globe as cancer treatments. Intrinsic or acquired chemoresistance poses a significant problem for medical practitioners and researchers, causing tumor recurrence and metastasis. The most dangerous kind of malignant brain tumor is called glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) that often recurs following surgery. The most often used medication for treating GBM is temozolomide chemotherapy; however, most patients eventually become resistant. Researchers are studying preclinical models that accurately reflect human disease and can be used to speed up drug development to overcome chemoresistance in GBM. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to be substantial in regulating tumor development and facilitating treatment resistance in several cancers, such as GBM. In this work, we mentioned the mechanisms of how different ncRNAs (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs) can regulate temozolomide chemosensitivity in GBM. We also address the role of these ncRNAs encapsulated inside secreted exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Goleij
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran
- USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Pourali
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arash Raisi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ravaei
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Shahin Golestan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atena Abed
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Razavi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zarepour
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Pouya Taghavi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sahar Ahmadi Asouri
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Moein Rafiei
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Sahand Talei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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5
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Huang S, Zhang Y, Shu H, Liu W, Zhou X, Zhou X. Advances of the MAPK pathway in the treatment of spinal cord injury. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14807. [PMID: 38887853 PMCID: PMC11183187 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) represents a complex pathology within the central nervous system (CNS), leading to severe sensory and motor impairments. It activates various signaling pathways, notably the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Present treatment approaches primarily focus on symptomatic relief, lacking efficacy in addressing the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Emerging research underscores the significance of the MAPK pathway in neuronal differentiation, growth, survival, axonal regeneration, and inflammatory responses post-SCI. Modulating this pathway post-injury has shown promise in attenuating inflammation, minimizing apoptosis, alleviating neuropathic pain, and fostering neural regeneration. Given its pivotal role, the MAPK pathway emerges as a potential therapeutic target in SCI management. This review synthesizes current knowledge on SCI pathology, delineates the MAPK pathway's characteristics, and explores its dual roles in SCI pathology and therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, it addresses the existing challenges in MAPK research in the context of SCI, proposing solutions to overcome these hurdles. Our aim is to offer a comprehensive reference for future research on the MAPK pathway and SCI, laying the groundwork for targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixue Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yinuo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Haoming Shu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
- Translational Research Centre of Orthopedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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6
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Yan Y, Liao L. MicroRNA Expression Profile in Patients Admitted to ICU as Novel and Reliable Approach for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Purposes. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:1357-1375. [PMID: 37314613 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00767-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The ability to detect early metabolic changes in patients who have an increased mortality risk in the intensive care units (ICUs) could increase the likelihood of predicting recovery patterns and assist in disease management. Markers that can predict the disease progression of patients in the ICU might also be beneficial for improving their medical profile. Although biomarkers have been used in the ICU more frequently in recent years, the clinical use of most of them is limited. A wide range of biological processes are influenced by microRNAs (miRNAs) that modulate the translation and stability of specific mRNAs. Studies suggest that miRNAs may serve as a diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker in ICUs by profiling miRNA dysregulation in patient samples. To improve the predictive value of biomarkers for ICU patients, researchers have proposed both investigating miRNAs as novel biomarkers and combining them with other clinical biomarkers. Herein, we discuss recent approaches to the diagnosis and prognosis of patients admitted to an ICU, highlighting the use of miRNAs as novel and robust biomarkers for this purpose. In addition, we discuss emerging approaches to biomarker development and ways to improve the quality of biomarkers so that patients in ICU get the best outcomes possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youqin Yan
- ICU Department, People's Hospital of Changshan, Changshan, China
| | - Linjun Liao
- ICU Department, People's Hospital of Changshan, Changshan, China.
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7
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Gao J, Shi W, Wang J, Guan C, Dong Q, Sheng J, Zou X, Xu Z, Ge Y, Yang C, Li J, Bao H, Zhong X, Cui Y. Research progress and applications of epigenetic biomarkers in cancer. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1308309. [PMID: 38681199 PMCID: PMC11048075 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1308309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic changes are heritable changes in gene expression without changes in the nucleotide sequence of genes. Epigenetic changes play an important role in the development of cancer and in the process of malignancy metastasis. Previous studies have shown that abnormal epigenetic changes can be used as biomarkers for disease status and disease prediction. The reversibility and controllability of epigenetic modification changes also provide new strategies for early disease prevention and treatment. In addition, corresponding drug development has also reached the clinical stage. In this paper, we will discuss the recent progress and application status of tumor epigenetic biomarkers from three perspectives: DNA methylation, non-coding RNA, and histone modification, in order to provide new opportunities for additional tumor research and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Gao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wujiang Shi
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Canghai Guan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingfu Dong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jialin Sheng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinlei Zou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaoqiang Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yifei Ge
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chengru Yang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiehan Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haolin Bao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yunfu Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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8
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Sang H, Li L, Zhao Q, Liu Y, Hu J, Niu P, Hao Z, Chai K. The regulatory process and practical significance of non-coding RNA in the dissemination of prostate cancer to the skeletal system. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1358422. [PMID: 38577343 PMCID: PMC10991771 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1358422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a major contributor to male cancer-related mortality globally. It has a particular affinity for the skeletal system with metastasis to bones seriously impacting prognosis. The identification of prostate cancer biomarkers can significantly enhance diagnosis and patient monitoring. Research has found that cancer and metastases exhibit abnormal expression of numerous non-coding RNA. Some of these RNA facilitate prostate cancer bone metastasis by activating downstream signaling pathways, while others inhibit this process. Elucidating the functional processes of non-coding RNA in prostate cancer bone metastasis will likely lead to innovative treatment strategies for this malignant condition. In this review, the mechanistic role of the various RNA in prostate cancer is examined. Our goal is to provide a new avenue of approach to the diagnosis and treatment of bone metastasis in this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Luxi Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Yulin Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Jinbo Hu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Peng Niu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Zhenming Hao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Keqiang Chai
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
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9
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Mostaghimi T, Bahadoran E, Bakht M, Taheri S, Sadeghi H, Babaei A. Role of lncRNAs in Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus associated gastric cancers. Life Sci 2024; 336:122316. [PMID: 38035995 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is a risk factor for the development of gastric cancer (GC), and the role of co-infection with viruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus, in carcinogenesis cannot be ignored. Furthermore, it is now known that genetic factors such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in many diseases, including GC. On the other side, they can also be used as therapeutic goals. Modified lncRNAs can cause aberrant expression of genes encoding proximal proteins, which are essential for the development of carcinoma. In this review, we present the most recent studies on lncRNAs in GC, concentrating on their roles in H. pylori and EBV infections, and discuss some of the molecular mechanisms of these GC-related pathogens. There was also a discussion of the research gaps and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talieh Mostaghimi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ensiyeh Bahadoran
- School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mehdi Bakht
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Shiva Taheri
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Hamid Sadeghi
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Abouzar Babaei
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran.
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10
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Akram F, Tanveer R, Andleeb S, Shah FI, Ahmad T, Shehzadi S, Akhtar AM, Syed G. Deciphering the Epigenetic Symphony of Cancer: Insights and Epigenetic Therapies Implications. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241250317. [PMID: 38780251 PMCID: PMC11119348 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241250317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic machinery is a cornerstone in normal cell development, orchestrating tissue-specific gene expression in mammalian cells. Aberrations in this intricate landscape drive substantial changes in gene function, emerging as a linchpin in cancer etiology and progression. While cancer was conventionally perceived as solely a genetic disorder, its contemporary definition encompasses genetic alterations intertwined with disruptive epigenetic abnormalities. This review explores the profound impact of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs on fundamental cellular processes. When these pivotal epigenetic mechanisms undergo disruption, they intricately guide the acquisition of the 6 hallmark characteristics of cancer within seemingly normal cells. Leveraging the latest advancements in decoding these epigenetic intricacies holds immense promise, heralding a new era in developing targeted and more efficacious treatment modalities against cancers driven by aberrant epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Akram
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rida Tanveer
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sahar Andleeb
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Iftikhar Shah
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Somia Shehzadi
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Ghania Syed
- Centre for Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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11
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Gołąbek K, Hudy D, Gaździcka J, Miśkiewicz-Orczyk K, Nowak-Chmura M, Asman M, Komosińska-Vassev K, Ścierski W, Golusiński W, Misiołek M, Strzelczyk JK. The Analysis of Selected miRNAs and Target MDM2 Gene Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3053. [PMID: 38002053 PMCID: PMC10668942 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs could play an important role in tumorigenesis and progression. The oncoprotein MDM2 (murine double minute 2) was identified as a negative regulator of the tumour suppressor p53. This study aims to analyse the expression of the MDM2 target miRNA candidates (miR-3613-3p, miR-371b-5p and miR-3658) and the MDM2 gene in oral squamous cell carcinoma tumour and margin samples and their association with the selected socio-demographic and clinicopathological characteristics. The study group consisted of 50 patients. The miRNAs and MDM2 gene expression levels were assessed by qPCR. The expression analysis of the miRNAs showed the expression of only one of them, i.e., miR-3613-3p. We found no statistically significant differences in the miR-3613-3p expression in tumour samples compared to the margin samples. When analysing the effect of smoking on miR-3613-3p expression, we demonstrated a statistically significant difference between smokers and non-smokers. In addition, we showed an association between the miR-3613-3p expression level and some clinical parameters in tumour samples (T, N and G). Our study demonstrates that miR-3613-3p overexpression is involved in the tumour progression of OSCC. This indicates that miR-3613-3p possesses potential prognostic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Gołąbek
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Dorota Hudy
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Gaździcka
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Miśkiewicz-Orczyk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Oncological Laryngology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 10 C Skłodowska St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Magdalena Nowak-Chmura
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracov, Podbrzezie 3 St., 31-054 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Asman
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Komosińska-Vassev
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 8 Jedności St., 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Wojciech Ścierski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Oncological Laryngology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 10 C Skłodowska St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Wojciech Golusiński
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 15 Garbary St., 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Misiołek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Oncological Laryngology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 10 C Skłodowska St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
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12
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Ma N, Xu H, Zhang W, Sun X, Guo R, Liu D, Zhang L, Liu Y, Zhang J, Qiao C, Chen D, Luo A, Bai J. Genome-wide analysis revealed the dysregulation of RNA binding protein-correlated alternative splicing events in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:251. [PMID: 37858115 PMCID: PMC10585833 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01706-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI), the tissue damage which is caused by the returning of blood supply to tissue after a period of ischemia, greatly reduces the therapeutic effect of treatment of myocardial infarction. But the underlying functional mechanisms of MIRI are still unclear. METHODS We constructed mouse models of MIRI, extracted injured and healthy myocardial tissues, and performed transcriptome sequencing experiments (RNA-seq) to systematically investigate the dysregulated transcriptome of MIRI, especially the alternative splicing (AS) regulation and RNA binding proteins (RBPs). Selected RBPs and MIRI-associated AS events were then validated by RT-qPCR experiments. RESULTS The differentially expressed gene (DEG) analyses indicated that transcriptome profiles were changed by MIRI and that DEGs' enriched functions were consistent with MIRI's dysregulated pathways. Furthermore, the AS profile was synergistically regulated and showed clear differences between the mouse model and the healthy samples. The exon skipping events significantly increased in MIRI model samples, while the opposite cassette exon events significantly decreased. According to the functional analysis, regulated alternative splicing genes (RASGs) were enriched in protein transport, cell division /cell cycle, RNA splicing, and endocytosis pathways, which were associated with the development of MIRI. Meanwhile, 493 differentially expressed RBPs (DE RBPs) were detected, most of which were correlated with the changed ratios of AS events. In addition, nine DE RBP genes were validated, including Eif5, Pdia6, Tagln2, Vasp, Zfp36l2, Grsf1, Idh2, Ndrg2, and Uqcrc1. These nine DE RBPs were correlated with RASGs enriched in translation process, cell growth and division, and endocytosis pathways, highly consistent with the functions of all RASGs. Finally, we validated the AS ratio changes of five regulated alternative splicing events (RASEs) derived from important regulatory genes, including Mtmr3, Cdc42, Cd47, Fbln2, Vegfa, and Fhl2. CONCLUSION Our study emphasized the critical roles of the dysregulated AS profiles in MIRI development, investigated the potential functions of MIRI-associated RASGs, and identified regulatory RBPs involved in AS regulation. We propose that the identified RASEs and RBPs could serve as important regulators and potential therapeutic targets in MIRI treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoke Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Ruiming Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Donghai Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Chenhui Qiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Dong Chen
- Wuhan Ruixing Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430206, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Ailing Luo
- Wuhan Ruixing Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430206, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Jingyun Bai
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, P.R. China.
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13
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Mirzaei R, Karampoor S, Korotkova NL. The emerging role of miRNA-122 in infectious diseases: Mechanisms and potential biomarkers. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154725. [PMID: 37544130 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that play crucial regulatory roles in numerous cellular processes. Recent investigations have highlighted the significant involvement of miRNA-122 (miR-122) in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases caused by diverse pathogens, encompassing viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections. In the context of viral infections, miR-122 exerts regulatory control over viral replication by binding to the viral genome and modulating the host's antiviral response. For instance, in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, miR-122 restricts viral replication, while HBV, in turn, suppresses miR-122 expression. Conversely, miR-122 interacts with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome, facilitating viral replication. Regarding bacterial infections, miR-122 has been found to regulate host immune responses by influencing inflammatory cytokine production and phagocytosis. In Vibrio anguillarum infections, there is a significant reduction in miR-122 expression, contributing to the pathophysiology of bacterial infections. Toll-like receptor 14 (TLR14) has been identified as a novel target gene of miR-122, affecting inflammatory and immune responses. In the context of parasitic infections, miR-122 plays a crucial role in regulating host lipid metabolism and immune responses. For example, during Leishmania infection, miR-122-containing extracellular vesicles from liver cells are unable to enter infected macrophages, leading to a suppression of the inflammatory response. Furthermore, miR-122 exhibits promise as a potential biomarker for various infectious diseases. Its expression level in body fluids, particularly in serum and plasma, correlates with disease severity and treatment response in patients affected by HCV, HBV, and tuberculosis. This paper also discusses the potential of miR-122 as a biomarker in infectious diseases. In summary, this review provides a comprehensive and insightful overview of the emerging role of miR-122 in infectious diseases, detailing its mechanism of action and potential implications for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Mirzaei
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nadezhda Lenoktovna Korotkova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russia; Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Privolzhsky Research Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI HE PRMU MOH Russia), Russia
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14
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Farani MR, Sarlak M, Gholami A, Azaraian M, Binabaj MM, Kakavandi S, Tambuwala MM, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M, Ghasemi S. Epigenetic drugs as new emerging therapeutics: What is the scale's orientation of application and challenges? Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154688. [PMID: 37494800 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression or function without altering the DNA sequence. Important factors are part of epigenetic events, such as methylation, DNA histone rearrangements, nucleosome transposition, and non-coding RNAs. Dysregulated epigenetic mechanics are associated with various cancers' initiation, development, and metastasis. It is known that the occurrence and development of cancer can be controlled by regulating unexpected epigenetic events. Epi-drugs are used singly or in combination with chemotherapy and enhance antitumor activity, reduce drug resistance, and stimulate the host immune response. Despite these benefits, epigenetic therapy as a single therapy or in combination with other drugs leads to adverse effects. This review article introduces and compares the advantages, disadvantages, and side effects of using these drugs for the first time since their introduction. Also, this article describes the mechanism of action of various epigenetic drugs. Recommendations for future use of epigenetic drugs as cancer therapeutics are suggested as an overall conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Ramezani Farani
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), the Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1417614411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Sarlak
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Amir Gholami
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Azaraian
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maryam Moradi Binabaj
- Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Science, Sabzevar, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Sareh Kakavandi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, 0United Kingdom
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sorayya Ghasemi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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15
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Mafi A, Keshavarzmotamed A, Hedayati N, Boroujeni ZY, Reiter RJ, Dehmordi RM, Aarabi MH, Rezaee M, Asemi Z. Melatonin targeting non-coding RNAs in cancer: Focus on mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 950:175755. [PMID: 37119959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite, melatonin is mainly known as a regulatory factor for circadian rhythm, its notable role in other fundamental biological processes, such as redox homeostasis and programmed cell death, has been found. In this line, a growing body of evidence indicated that melatonin could apply an inhibitory effect on the tumorigenic processes. Hence, melatonin might be considered an efficient adjuvant agent for cancer treatment. Besides, the physiological and pathological functions of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in various disease, particularly cancers, have been expanded over the past two decades. It is well-established that ncRNAs can modulate the gene expression at various levels, thereby, ncRNAs. can regulate the numerous biological processes, including cell proliferation, cell metabolism, apoptosis, and cell cycle. Recently, targeting the ncRNAs expression provides a novel insight in the therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment. Moreover, accumulating investigations have revealed that melatonin could impact the expression of different ncRNAs in a multiple disorders, including cancer. Therefore, in the precent study, we discuss the potential roles of melatonin in modulating the expression of ncRNAs and the related molecular pathways in different types of cancer. Also, we highlighted its importance in therapeutic application and translational medicine in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | | | - Neda Hedayati
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Yeganeh Boroujeni
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health. Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Rohollah Mousavi Dehmordi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad-Hossein Aarabi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Malihe Rezaee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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16
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Steinmetz B, Smok I, Bikaki M, Leitner A. Protein-RNA interactions: from mass spectrometry to drug discovery. Essays Biochem 2023; 67:175-186. [PMID: 36866608 PMCID: PMC10070478 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20220177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Proteins and RNAs are fundamental parts of biological systems, and their interactions affect many essential cellular processes. Therefore, it is crucial to understand at a molecular and at a systems level how proteins and RNAs form complexes and mutually affect their functions. In the present mini-review, we will first provide an overview of different mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods to study the RNA-binding proteome (RBPome), most of which are based on photochemical cross-linking. As we will show, some of these methods are also able to provide higher-resolution information about binding sites, which are important for the structural characterisation of protein-RNA interactions. In addition, classical structural biology techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and biophysical methods such as electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and fluorescence-based methods contribute to a detailed understanding of the interactions between these two classes of biomolecules. We will discuss the relevance of such interactions in the context of the formation of membrane-less organelles (MLOs) by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) processes and their emerging importance as targets for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Steinmetz
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- RNA Biology PhD Program, University of Zurich and ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Izabela Smok
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- RNA Biology PhD Program, University of Zurich and ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Bikaki
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Leitner
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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Ahangar Davoodi N, Najafi S, Naderi Ghale-Noie Z, Piranviseh A, Mollazadeh S, Ahmadi Asouri S, Asemi Z, Morshedi M, Tamehri Zadeh SS, Hamblin MR, Sheida A, Mirzaei H. Role of non-coding RNAs and exosomal non-coding RNAs in retinoblastoma progression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1065837. [PMID: 36619866 PMCID: PMC9816416 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1065837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is a rare aggressive intraocular malignancy of childhood that has the potential to affect vision, and can even be fatal in some children. While the tumor can be controlled efficiently at early stages, metastatic tumors lead to high mortality. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are implicated in a number of physiological cellular process, including differentiation, proliferation, migration, and invasion, The deregulation of ncRNAs is correlated with several diseases, particularly cancer. ncRNAs are categorized into two main groups based on their length, i.e. short and long ncRNAs. Moreover, ncRNA deregulation has been demonstrated to play a role in the pathogenesis and development of RB. Several ncRNAs, such as miR-491-3p, miR-613,and SUSD2 have been found to act as tumor suppressor genes in RB, but other ncRNAs, such as circ-E2F3, NEAT1, and TUG1 act as tumor promoter genes. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of ncRNAs can provide new opportunities for RB therapy. In the present review, we discuss the functional roles of the most important ncRNAs in RB, their interaction with the genes responsible for RB initiation and progression, and possible future clinical applications as diagnostic and prognostic tools or as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Ahangar Davoodi
- Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zari Naderi Ghale-Noie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ashkan Piranviseh
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Mollazadeh
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Sahar Ahmadi Asouri
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammadamin Morshedi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran,School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Amirhossein Sheida
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran,School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran,*Correspondence: Amirhossein Sheida, ; Hamed Mirzaei, ,
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran,*Correspondence: Amirhossein Sheida, ; Hamed Mirzaei, ,
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18
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Hardin LT, Xiao N. miRNAs: The Key Regulator of COVID-19 Disease. Int J Cell Biol 2022; 2022:1645366. [PMID: 36345541 PMCID: PMC9637033 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1645366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
As many parts of the world continue to fight the innumerable waves of COVID-19 infection, SARS-CoV-2 continues to sculpt its antigenic determinants to enhance its virulence and evolvability. Several vaccines were developed and used around the world, and oral antiviral medications are being developed against SARS-CoV-2. However, studies showed that the virus is mutating in line with the antibody's neutralization escape; thus, new therapeutic alternatives are solicited. We hereby review the key role that miRNAs can play as epigenetic mediators of the cross-talk between SARS-CoV-2 and the host cells. The limitations resulting from the "virus intelligence" to escape and antagonize the host miRNAs as well as the possible mechanisms that could be used in the viral evasion strategies are discussed. Lastly, we suggest new therapeutic approaches based on viral miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Tahrani Hardin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences at the Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, 94103 CA, USA
| | - Nan Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences at the Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, 94103 CA, USA
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19
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Tong W, Wenze G, Libing H, Yuchen C, Hejia Z, Xi G, Xiongyi Y, Guoguo Y, Min F. Exploration of shared TF-miRNA‒mRNA and mRNA-RBP-pseudogene networks in type 2 diabetes mellitus and breast cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:915017. [PMID: 36131924 PMCID: PMC9484524 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.915017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been confirmed to be closely associated with breast cancer (BC). However, the shared mechanisms between these diseases remain unclear. By comparing different datasets, we identified shared differentially expressed (DE) RNAs in T2DM and BC, including 427 mRNAs and 6 miRNAs from the GEO(Gene Expression Omnibus) database. We used databases to predict interactions to construct two critical networks. The transcription factor (TF)-miRNA‒mRNA network contained 236 TFs, while the RNA binding protein (RBP)-pseudogene-mRNA network showed that the pseudogene S-phase kinase associated protein 1 pseudogene 1 (SKP1P1) might play a key role in regulating gene expression. The shared mRNAs between T2DM and BC were enriched in cytochrome (CYP) pathways, and further analysis of CPEB1 and COLEC12 expression in cell lines, single cells and other cancers showed that they were strongly correlated with the survival and prognosis of patients with BC. This result suggested that patients with T2DM presenting the downregulation of CPEB1 and COLEC12 might have a higher risk of developing BC. Overall, our work revealed that high expression of CYPs in patients with T2DM might be a susceptibility factor for BC and identified novel gene candidates and immune features that are promising targets for immunotherapy in patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Tong
- The First Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gu Wenze
- The First Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Libing
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cao Yuchen
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Hejia
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo Xi
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Xiongyi
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Guoguo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Fu Min, ; Yi Guoguo,
| | - Fu Min
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Fu Min, ; Yi Guoguo,
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20
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Li Y, Zhao Q, Song X, Song J. [Construction of an adenovirus vector expressing engineered splicing factor for regulating alternative splicing of YAP1 in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:1013-1018. [PMID: 35869763 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.07.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To construct an adenovirus vector expressing artificial splicing factor capable of regulating alternative splicing of Yap1 in cardiomyocytes. METHODS The splicing factors with different sequences were constructed against Exon6 of YAP1 based on the sequence specificity of Pumilio1. The PCR fragment of the artificially synthesized PUF-SR or wild-type PUFSR was cloned into pAd-Track plasmid, and the recombinant plasmids were transformed into E. coli DH5α for plasmid amplification. The amplified plasmids were digested with Pac I and transfected into 293A cells for packaging to obtain the adenovirus vectors. Cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were transfected with the adenoviral vectors, and alternative splicing of YAP1 was detected using quantitative and semi-quantitative PCR; Western blotting was performed to detect the signal of the fusion protein Flag. RESULTS The transfection efficiency of the adenovirus vectors was close to 100% in rat cardiomyocytes, and no fluorescent protein was detected in the cells with plasmid transfection. The results of Western blotting showed that both the negative control and Flag-SR-NLS-PUF targeting the YAPExon6XULIE sequence were capable of detecting the expression of the protein fused to Flag. The results of reverse transcription-PCR and PCR demonstrated that the artificial splicing factor constructed based on the 4th target sequence of YAP1 effectively regulated the splicing of YAP1 Exon6 in the cardiomyocytes (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION We successfully constructed adenovirus vectors capable of regulating YAP1 alternative splicing rat cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200082, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Q Zhao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - X Song
- Department of Heart Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - J Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200082, China
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21
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Jungers CF, Djuranovic S. Modulation of miRISC-Mediated Gene Silencing in Eukaryotes. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:832916. [PMID: 35237661 PMCID: PMC8882679 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.832916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression is regulated at multiple levels in eukaryotic cells. Regulation at the post-transcriptional level is modulated by various trans-acting factors that bind to specific sequences in the messenger RNA (mRNA). The binding of different trans factors influences various aspects of the mRNA such as degradation rate, translation efficiency, splicing, localization, etc. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short endogenous ncRNAs that combine with the Argonaute to form the microRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC), which uses base-pair complementation to silence the target transcript. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) contribute to post-transcriptional control by influencing the mRNA stability and translation upon binding to cis-elements within the mRNA transcript. RBPs have been shown to impact gene expression through influencing the miRISC biogenesis, composition, or miRISC-mRNA target interaction. While there is clear evidence that those interactions between RBPs, miRNAs, miRISC and target mRNAs influence the efficiency of miRISC-mediated gene silencing, the exact mechanism for most of them remains unclear. This review summarizes our current knowledge on gene expression regulation through interactions of miRNAs and RBPs.
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22
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Han L, Huang C, Wang X, Tong D. The RNA-binding protein GRSF1 promotes hepatocarcinogenesis via competitively binding to YY1 mRNA with miR-30e-5p. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:17. [PMID: 34998399 PMCID: PMC8742353 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02217-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Dysregulation of RNA binding protein (RBP) expression has been confirmed to be causally linked with tumorigenesis. The detailed biological effect and underlying mechanisms of the RBP GRSF1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Methods HCC cells with stable knockdown of GRSF1 were established using two sh-RNA-encoding lentiviruses. The functions of GRSF1 in HCC were explored using MTT, colony formation, flow cytometry, and Transwell assays and a xenograft model. Transcriptomic sequencing in GRSF1-deficient MHCC-97H cells was carried out to identify the downstream effector of GRSF1. The regulatory mechanisms among GRSF1, YY1 and miR-30e-5p were investigated via RNA immunoprecipitation, luciferase, RNA pull-down and ChIP assays. Several in vivo assays were used to assess the selectivity of the small-molecule compound VE-821 in HCC and to confirm the absence of general toxicity in animal models. Results GRSF1 was frequently increased in HCC tissue and cells and was associated with worse clinical outcomes. GRSF1 functions as a novel oncogenic RBP by enhancing YY1 mRNA stability, and the GUUU motifs within the YY1 3`UTR 2663-2847 were the specific binding motifs for GRSF1. YY1 feedback promoted GRSF1 expression by binding to the GRSF1 promoter. In addition, YY1 was a critical target of miR-30e-5p, which was confirmed in this study to inhibit HCC hepatocarcinogenesis. GRSF1 and miR-30e-5p competitively regulated YY1 by binding to its 3`UTR 2663-2847 region. Finally, we identified that VE-821 blocked HCC progression by inhibiting the GRSF1/YY1 pathway. Conclusion This study revealed the interaction network among GRSF1, YY1 and miR-30e-5p, providing new insight into HCC pathogenesis, and indicated that VE821 may serve as a novel agent with potential for HCC treatment through inhibition of the GRSF1/YY1 axis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02217-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Han
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Chen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Dongdong Tong
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
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23
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Long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs in tumor angiogenesis: From mechanisms to clinical significance. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2021; 22:336-354. [PMID: 34553023 PMCID: PMC8426176 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) execute a wide array of functions in physiological and pathological processes, including tumor progression. Angiogenesis, an elaborate multistep process driving new blood vessel formation, accelerates cancer progression by supplying nutrients and energy. Dysregulated lncRNAs and circRNAs can reportedly impact cancer progression by influencing angiogenesis. However, the expanding landscape of lncRNAs and circRNAs in tumor progression-dependent angiogenesis remains largely unknown. This review summarizes the major functions of angiogenic lncRNAs (Angio-LncRs) and angiogenic circRNAs (termed Angio-CircRs) and their cancer mechanisms. Moreover, we highlight the commonalities of lncRNAs and circRNAs in epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional regulation as well as illustrate how Angio-LncRs and Angio-CircRs induce cancer onset and progression. We also discuss their potential clinical applications in diagnosis, prognosis, and anti-angiogenic therapies.
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24
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Lin L, Zhao H, Zhai L, Xu B, Xiao L, Chen Z. Downregulation of microRNA-3646 Through Direct Targeting of F-Box Protein 4 on Interleukin-17-Induced Lung Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
IL-17 participates in the initiation and growth of malignant cancers, including lung cancer. The aberrant expression of miRNA is also related to tumor growth and metastasis. Studies have confirmed that high expression of miRNA-3646 can boost breast cancer cell invasion and migration,
suggesting that miRNA-3646 is a tumor-promoting factor. However, the role of miRNA-3646 in the migration and invasion of IL-17-induced lung cancer cells is unclear. In this study, qRT-PCR was used to determine the level of miRNA-3646. We found that in lung cancer cells, miRNA-3646 levels exceeded
those of normal bronchial epithelial 16HBE cells (P < 0.05). The level of miRNA-3646 in NCI-H1299 cells was higher than that in A549, NCI-H446, and SK-MES-1 cells (P < 0.05). After IL-17 treatment, the number of proliferating and migrating lung carcinoma NCI-H1299 cells
increased, transport of vimentin increased, and transport of E-cadherin decreased (P < 0.05). After IL-17 treatment, the number of proliferating and migrating lung carcinoma NCI-H1299 cells transfected with miRNA-3646 inhibitor decreased, transport of vimentin decreased, and transport
of E-cadherin increased (P < 0.05). FBXO4 siRNA reversed the inhibition of miRNA-3646 on the proliferation and migration of IL-17-induced lung carcinoma NCI-H1299 cells and the transport of E-cadherin and vimentin. Thus, downregulation of miRNA-3646 inhibited IL-17-induced lung carcinoma
cell migration and proliferation by directly targeting FBXO4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lin
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 301800, PR China
| | - Hongjie Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 301800, PR China
| | - Liqiang Zhai
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 301800, PR China
| | - Baoxin Xu
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 301800, PR China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 301800, PR China
| | - Zhengang Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 301800, PR China
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25
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Non-coding RNA in cancer. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:625-639. [PMID: 33860799 PMCID: PMC8564738 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20200032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Majority of the human genome is transcribed to RNAs that do not encode proteins. These non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating the initiation and progression of various cancers. Given the importance of the ncRNAs, the roles of ncRNAs in cancers have been reviewed elsewhere. Thus, in this review, we mainly focus on the recent studies of the function, regulatory mechanism and therapeutic potential of the ncRNAs including microRNA (miRNA), long ncRNA (lncRNA), circular RNA (circRNA) and PIWI interacting RNA (piRNA), in different type of cancers.
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26
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Liu X, Meng X, Peng X, Yao Q, Zhu F, Ding Z, Sun H, Liu X, Li D, Lu Y, Tang H, Li B, Peng Z. Impaired AGO2/miR-185-3p/NRP1 axis promotes colorectal cancer metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:390. [PMID: 33846300 PMCID: PMC8042018 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03672-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that global downregulation of miRNA expression is a hallmark of human cancer, potentially due to defects in the miRNA processing machinery. In this study, we found that the protein expression of Argonaute 2 (AGO2), a key regulator of miRNA processing, was downregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues, which was also consistent with the findings of the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC). Furthermore, the correlation between the levels of AGO2 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (E-cadherin and vimentin) indicated that reduced levels of AGO2 promoted EMT in CRC. Low expression of AGO2 was an indicator of a poor prognosis among CRC patients. Knockdown of AGO2 in CRC cells promoted migration, invasion and metastasis formation in vitro and in vivo but had no influence on proliferation. To provide detailed insight into the regulatory roles of AGO2, we performed integrated transcriptomic, quantitative proteomic and microRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq) analyses of AGO2 knockdown cells and the corresponding wild-type cells and identified neuropilin 1 (NRP1) as a new substrate of AGO2 via miR-185-3p. Our data provided evidence that knockdown of AGO2 resulted in a reduction of miR-185-3p expression, leading to the upregulation of the expression of NRP1, which is a direct target of miR-185-3p, and elevated CRC cell metastatic capacity. Inhibition of NRP1 or treatment with a miR-185-3p mimic successfully rescued the phenotypes of impaired AGO2, which suggested that therapeutically targeting the AGO2/miR-185-3p/NRP1 axis may be a potential treatment approach for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xisheng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaole Meng
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao Peng
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qianlan Yao
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangming Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zhongyi Ding
- Laboratory Animal Center, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongze Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueni Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huamei Tang
- Department of Pathology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhihai Peng
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. .,Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic & Organ Transplantation Surgery Department, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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27
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Liu X, Zhang Y. Bioinformatics Analysis of Dysregulated MicroRNA-Messenger RNA Networks in Small Cell Lung Cancer. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify a key module of differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) together with the corresponding differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) within small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Linear models were applied to ascertain the DE-miRNAs and DE-mRNAs in SCLC
versus matched non-carcinoma samples obtained from the RNA expression datasets of GSE19945, GSE74190 and GSE6044. The common DE-miRNAs were identified using the Venn plot. Then, 3 databases were used to retrieve the DE-miRNAs target genes, and the intersection was taken for validating the
shared target genes. Besides, Cytoscape was utilized for constructing the miRNAmRNA network for SCLC. Finally, a key module of five DE-miRNAs and four hub genes was determined based on the degree. In addition, the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses
were conducted for exploring those hub genes in terms of their functions along with the involved signal transduction pathways. Altogether 106 shared DE-miRNAs were identified, which were used to predict 63 common target genes. In addition, a key module of five DE-miRNAs (hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-20a-5p,
hsa-miR-20b-5p, hsa-miR-93-5p and hsa-miR- 106b-5p) and four hub genes (SOX4, DPYSL2, TGFBR2 and F3) were extracted from the miRNAmRNA network according to their degree. Finally, the hub genes were subjected to GO as well as KEGG analysis, which revealed that cell cycle G1/S phase transition,
the extracellular matrix, and cellular senescence signaling pathways exerted vial parts during SCLC progression. A key module of five DE-miRNAs and four hub genes may be potentially used as clinical biomarkers to predict SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingsheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
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28
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Wu J, Zhao Q, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Tian Y, Guo Z. Dicer increases the indication for trastuzumab treatment in gastric cancer patients via overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6993. [PMID: 33772068 PMCID: PMC7997953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The low proportion of gastric cancer (GC) patients with high HER2 expression limits the clinical application of trastuzumab, a humanized epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) antibody targeting for GC treatment. We found that Dicer was positively correlated with HER2 expression in GC tissue by immunostaining as well as induce HER2 overexpression without increasing invasiveness of GC cell. In addition, both the growth of GC referring to cell proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis was inhibited by Dicer overexpression. Moreover, the HER2 overexpression induced by Dicer provided more effective and additive target for trastuzumab to amplify the inhibition effect for GC cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, as assessed in a subsequent experiment, calcitriol induced HER2 overexpression and amplified the inhibition effect of trastuzumab in GC cells referring to proliferation. Our finding demonstrated the calcitriol might increase indication of trastuzumab by inducing HER2 overexpression in GC patients. Dicer would be a potential target that extend the clinical indications of HER2 antibody in patients with low or negative HER2, who were not fit for HER2 antibody treatment before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Wu
- Animal Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanjun Guo
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, People's Republic of China.
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29
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MiR-203a-3p regulates TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in asthma by regulating Smad3 pathway through SIX1. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:222145. [PMID: 32065213 PMCID: PMC7048677 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic airway disease with increasing prevalence. MicroRNAs act as vital regulators in cell progressions and have been identified to play crucial roles in asthma. The objective of the present study is to clarify the molecular mechanism of miR-203a-3p in the development of asthma. The expression of miR-203a-3p and Sine oculis homeobox homolog 1 (SIX1) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The protein levels of SIX1, fibronectin, E-cadherin, vimentin, phosphorylated-drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic 3 (p-Smad3) and Smad3 were measured by Western blot. The interaction between miR-203a-3p and SIX1 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. MiR-203a-3p was down-regulated and SIX1 was up-regulated in asthma serums, respectively. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) treatment induced the reduction of miR-203a-3p and the enhancement of SIX1 in BEAS-2B and 16HBE cells in a time-dependent manner. Subsequently, functional experiments showed the promotion of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by TGF-β1 treatment could be reversed by miR-203a-3p re-expression or SIX1 deletion in BEAS-2B and 16HBE cells. SIX1 was identified as a target of miR-203a-3p and negatively regulated by miR-203a-3p. Then rescue assay indicated that overexpressed miR-203a-3p ameliorated TGF-β1 induced EMT by regulating SIX1 in BEAS-2B and 16HBE cells. Moreover, miR-203a-3p/SIX1 axis regulated TGF-β1 mediated EMT process in bronchial epithelial cells through phosphorylating Smad3. These results demonstrated that MiR-203a-3p modulated TGF-β1-induced EMT in asthma by regulating Smad3 pathway through targeting SIX1.
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30
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Zhao F, Zhao H, Fan J, Wang R, Han Z, Tao Z, Zheng Y, Yan F, Huang Y, Yu L, Zhang X, Zhang L, Luo Y, Ma Y. MiR-29a Knockout Aggravates Neurological Damage by Pre-polarizing M1 Microglia in Experimental Rat Models of Acute Stroke. Front Genet 2021; 12:642079. [PMID: 33790947 PMCID: PMC8005650 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.642079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective By exploring the effects of miR-29a-5p knockout on neurological damage after acute ischemic stroke, we aim to deepen understanding of the molecular mechanisms of post-ischemic injury and thus provide new ideas for the treatment of ischemic brain injury. Methods miR-29a-5p knockout rats and wild-type SD rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). miR-29a levels in plasma, cortex, and basal ganglia of ischemic rats, and in plasma and neutrophils of ischemic stroke patients, as well as hypoxic glial cells were detected by real-time PCR. The infarct volume was detected by TTC staining and the activation of astrocytes and microglia was detected by western blotting. Results The expression of miR-29a-5p was decreased in parallel in blood and brain tissue of rat MCAO models. Besides, miR-29a-5p levels were reduced in the peripheral blood of acute stroke patients. Knockout of miR-29a enhanced infarct volume of the MCAO rat model, and miR-29a knockout showed M1 polarization of microglia in the MCAO rat brain. miR-29a knockout in rats after MCAO promoted astrocyte proliferation and increased glutamate release. Conclusion Knockout of miR-29a in rats promoted M1 microglial polarization and increased glutamate release, thereby aggravating neurological damage in experimental stroke rat models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Zhao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Haiping Zhao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Junfen Fan
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Rongliang Wang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ziping Han
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Tao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yangmin Zheng
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyou Huang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, National Health Commission of China, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, National Health Commission of China, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lianfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, National Health Commission of China, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yumin Luo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanwu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, National Health Commission of China, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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31
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Alam T, Lipovich L. miRCOVID-19: Potential Targets of Human miRNAs in SARS-CoV-2 for RNA-Based Drug Discovery. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:18. [PMID: 33801496 PMCID: PMC8005926 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sense-antisense interactions of long and short RNAs in human cells are integral to post-transcriptional gene regulation, in particular that of mRNAs by microRNAs. Many viruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 SARS-CoV-2 (the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19), have RNA genomes, and interactions between host and viral RNAs, while known to be functional in other viral diseases, have not yet been investigated in COVID-19. To remedy this gap in knowledge, we present miRCOVID-19, a computational meta-analysis framework identifying the predicted binding sites of human microRNAs along the SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome. To highlight the potential relevance of SARS-CoV-2-genome-complementary miRNAs to COVID-19 pathogenesis, we assessed their expression in COVID-19-relevant tissues using public transcriptome data. miRCOVID-19 identified 14 high-confidence mature miRNAs that are highly likely to interact with the SARS-CoV-2 genome and are expressed in diverse respiratory epithelial and immune cell types that are relevant to COVID-19 pathogenesis. As a proof of principle, we have shown that human miR-122, a previously known co-factor of another RNA virus, the hepatitis C virus (HCV) whose genome it binds as a prerequisite for pathogenesis, was predicted to also bind the SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome with high affinity, suggesting the perspective of repurposing anti-HCV RNA-based drugs, such as Miravirsen, to treat COVID-19. Our study is the first to identify all high-confidence binding sites of human miRNAs in the SARS-CoV-2 genome using multiple tools. Our work directly facilitates experimental validation of the reported targets, which would accelerate RNA-based drug discovery for COVID-19 and has the potential to provide new avenues for treating symptomatic COVID-19, and block SARS-CoV-2 replication, in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvir Alam
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha 34110, Qatar
| | - Leonard Lipovich
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, 505055 Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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32
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Chen W, He LN, Liang Y, Zeng X, Wu CP, Su MQ, Cheng Y, Liu JH. TERF1 downregulation promotes the migration and invasion of the PC3 prostate cancer cell line as a target of miR‑155. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:5209-5218. [PMID: 33174061 PMCID: PMC7646979 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeric repeat binding factor 1 (TERF1) has been identified as a tumor suppressor gene in numerous types of human cancer. However, the expression of TERF1 and its mechanism in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore the expression and functions of TERF1 in PCa. The UALCAN database was used to analyze the differential expression of TERF1 between normal prostate tissue and primary PCa tissue. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin V/propidium iodide staining, and wound healing and Transwell assays were used to detect the cell migration and invasion abilities, respectively. The cell viability was analyzed using an MTT assay. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to analyze the mRNA and protein expression levels, respectively, of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers following TERF1 knockdown in the PC3 cell line. A dual luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the association between TERF1 and microRNA (miR)-155 predicted by bioinformatics analysis. Rescue experiments were performed to determine the role of the miR-155/TERF1 axis in regulating the cellular behaviors of PCa. The results demonstrated that the expression levels of TERF1 in the primary prostate tumors were significantly downregulated compared with in prostate normal tissue. TERF1 silencing was discovered to significantly promote cell viability, migration and invasion, while suppressing cell apoptosis. The impact of TERF1 on PC3 cells was suggested to occur through the EMT pathway. TERF1 was confirmed to be the direct target of miR-155. The overexpression of miR-155 promoted the viability, migration and invasion, while suppressing the apoptosis of the PC3 cell line, while the knockdown of miR-155 in PC3 cells achieved the opposite trends. In addition, TERF1 overexpression reversed the promotive effects of upregulated miR-155 expression levels on the migration and apoptosis of PC3 cells. On the contrary, the knockdown of TERF1 reversed the migration and apoptosis abilities of the downregulated miR-155 expression levels on the cellular behaviors of PC3 cells. In conclusion, TERF1, as a direct target of miR-155, was discovered to be significantly downregulated in PCa, which was suggested to promote the migration and invasion of PCa via the EMT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Science and Education, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, P.R. China
| | - Li-Na He
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zigong Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, P.R. China
| | - Yong Liang
- Department of Urology, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Zeng
- Department of Urology, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, P.R. China
| | - Cui-Ping Wu
- Department of Science and Education, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Qiang Su
- Department of Urology, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, P.R. China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Department of Urology, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hui Liu
- Department of Urology, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, P.R. China
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Duan W, Kong X, Li J, Li P, Zhao Y, Liu T, Binang HB, Wang Y, Du L, Wang C. LncRNA AC010789.1 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression by Targeting MicroRNA-432-3p/ZEB1 Axis and the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:565355. [PMID: 33178684 PMCID: PMC7593606 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.565355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating literatures have indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial molecules in tumor progression in various human cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the clinical significance and regulatory mechanism of a vast majority of lncRNAs in CRC remain to be determined. The current study aimed to explore the function and molecular mechanism of lncRNA AC010789.1 in CRC progression. AC010789.1 found to be overexpressed in CRC tissues and cells. High expression of AC010789.1 was associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. Moreover, AC010789.1 silencing inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro as well as tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that repression of AC010789.1 promoted miR-432-3p expression, and miR-432-3p directly binds to ZEB1. We then proved the anti-tumor role of miR-432-3p in CRC, showing that the inhibitory effect of AC010789.1 knockdown on CRC cells was achieved by the upregulation of miR-432-3p but downregulation of ZEB1. We also established that silencing AC010789.1 suppressed the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. However, this inhibitory effect was partially counteracted by inhibition of miR-432-3p. In summary, these results reveal that silencing AC010789.1 suppresses CRC progression via miR-432-3p-mediated ZEB1 downregulation and suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, highlighting a potentially promising strategy for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Kong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peilong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yinghui Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Helen Barong Binang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lutao Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Tumor Marker Detection Engineering Technology Research Center of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Tumor Marker Detection Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Jinan, China.,The Clinical Research Center of Shandong Province for Clinical Laboratory, Jinan, China
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Bauer M, Vaxevanis C, Heimer N, Al-Ali HK, Jaekel N, Bachmann M, Wickenhauser C, Seliger B. Expression, Regulation and Function of microRNA as Important Players in the Transition of MDS to Secondary AML and Their Cross Talk to RNA-Binding Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197140. [PMID: 32992663 PMCID: PMC7582632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), heterogeneous diseases of hematopoietic stem cells, exhibit a significant risk of progression to secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) that are typically accompanied by MDS-related changes and therefore significantly differ to de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Within these disorders, the spectrum of cytogenetic alterations and oncogenic mutations, the extent of a predisposing defective osteohematopoietic niche, and the irregularity of the tumor microenvironment is highly diverse. However, the exact underlying pathophysiological mechanisms resulting in hematopoietic failure in patients with MDS and sAML remain elusive. There is recent evidence that the post-transcriptional control of gene expression mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs, and/or RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key components in the pathogenic events of both diseases. In addition, an interplay between RBPs and miRNAs has been postulated in MDS and sAML. Although a plethora of miRNAs is aberrantly expressed in MDS and sAML, their expression pattern significantly depends on the cell type and on the molecular make-up of the sample, including chromosomal alterations and single nucleotide polymorphisms, which also reflects their role in disease progression and prediction. Decreased expression levels of miRNAs or RBPs preventing the maturation or inhibiting translation of genes involved in pathogenesis of both diseases were found. Therefore, this review will summarize the current knowledge regarding the heterogeneity of expression, function, and clinical relevance of miRNAs, its link to molecular abnormalities in MDS and sAML with specific focus on the interplay with RBPs, and the current treatment options. This information might improve the use of miRNAs and/or RBPs as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for both malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Bauer
- Institute of Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle, Germany; (M.B.); (C.W.)
| | - Christoforos Vaxevanis
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06112, Germany; (C.V.); (N.H.)
| | - Nadine Heimer
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06112, Germany; (C.V.); (N.H.)
| | - Haifa Kathrin Al-Ali
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Halle, 06112 Halle, Germany; (H.K.A.-A.); (N.J.)
| | - Nadja Jaekel
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Halle, 06112 Halle, Germany; (H.K.A.-A.); (N.J.)
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, 01328 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Claudia Wickenhauser
- Institute of Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle, Germany; (M.B.); (C.W.)
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06112, Germany; (C.V.); (N.H.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-345-557-4054
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MicroRNAs as Guardians of the Prostate: Those Who Stand before Cancer. What Do We Really Know about the Role of microRNAs in Prostate Biology? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134796. [PMID: 32645914 PMCID: PMC7370012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths of men in the Western world. Despite recent advancement in genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics to understand prostate cancer biology and disease progression, castration resistant metastatic prostate cancer remains a major clinical challenge and often becomes incurable. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), about 22-nucleotide-long non-coding RNAs, are a group of regulatory molecules that mainly work through post-transcriptional gene silencing via translational repression. Expression analysis studies have revealed that miRNAs are aberrantly expressed in cancers and have been recognized as regulators of prostate cancer progression. In this critical review, we provide an analysis of reported miRNA functions and conflicting studies as they relate to expression levels of specific miRNAs and prostate cancer progression; oncogenic and/or tumor suppressor roles; androgen receptor signaling; epithelial plasticity; and the current status of diagnostic and therapeutic applications. This review focuses on select miRNAs, highly expressed in normal and cancer tissue, to emphasize the current obstacles faced in utilizing miRNA data for significant impacts on prostate cancer therapeutics.
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张 丽, 白 俊, 胡 雅, 周 丹, 郑 荃, 尹 崇, 牟 青, 李 洪. [MiR-204 inhibits invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells by targeted regulation of HNRNPA2B1]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:869-875. [PMID: 32895200 PMCID: PMC7321266 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.06.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of miR-204 on the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer by targeted regulation of HNRNPA2B1. METHODS The bioinformatics database was used to obtain data of the expressions of miR-204 in breast cancer patients and the survival rate of the patients. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-204 in breast cancer cell lines. The expression vector GV369-miR-204 was used to overexpress miR-204 in MDA-MB-231 cells. Transwell assay was performed to detect the effect of miR-204 on the migration and invasion ability of the breast cancer cells. The key genes (hub genes) of miR-204 were determined by bioinformatics method. A dual luciferase assay was used to analyze the targeting relationship between miR-204 and HNRNPA2B1. The expression of HNRNPA2B1 in MDA-MB-231 cells after miR-204 overexpression was detected by Western blotting, and Transwell assay was used to examine the changes in the cell invasion ability. RESULTS The expression of miR-204 was decreased in both breast cancer tissues, and was significantly lower in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells than in MCF-10A cells (P < 0.05). The decreased expression of miR-204 was associated with poorer prognosis of breast cancer patients (P < 0.05). Upregulation of miR-204 in MDA-MB-231 cells significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of the cells (P < 0.05). Analysis of the data from the Starbase revealed that the expression of miR-204-5p was negatively correlated with the expression of HNRNPA2B1, and the expression of HNRNPA2B1 was increased in breast cancer patients (P < 0.05) in association with a poorer prognosis of the patients (P < 0.05). Dual luciferase assay demonstrated that miR-204 could bind to HNRNPA2B1 in a target-specific manner. Western blotting and Transwell assay showed that miR-204 significant inhibited the migration and invasion ability of breast cancer cells by targeting HNRNPA2B1 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS miR-204 expression is decreased in breast cancer tissues and cells, and its overexpression can inhibit the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells by targeted regulation of HNRNPA2B1.
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Affiliation(s)
- 丽萍 张
- 潍坊医学院 病理学教研室, 山东 潍坊 261053Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - 俊 白
- 潍坊医学院 病理学教研室, 山东 潍坊 261053Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - 雅琼 胡
- 潍坊医学院 病理学教研室, 山东 潍坊 261053Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - 丹丹 周
- 潍坊医学院 病理学教研室, 山东 潍坊 261053Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - 荃 郑
- 潍坊医学院 病理学教研室, 山东 潍坊 261053Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - 崇高 尹
- 潍坊医学院 护理学院, 山东 潍坊 261053College of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - 青杰 牟
- 潍坊医学院 临床医学院, 山东 潍坊 261053Clinical Medical College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - 洪利 李
- 潍坊医学院 医学研究实验中心, 山东 潍坊 261053Medicine Research Center, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
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Ge T, Xiang P, Mao H, Tang S, Zhou J, Zhang Y. Inhibition of miR-96 enhances the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin by targeting TPM1. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:2134-2140. [PMID: 32765688 PMCID: PMC7401935 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major threats to human health worldwide. In the treatment of CRC, chemoresistance affects the efficacy of platinum-based therapies. Oxaliplatin is one of the most commonly used first-line medications for the treatment of CRC; however, chemoresistance is common among patients receiving oxaliplatin treatment, which significantly decreases its therapeutic efficacy. The present study focused on the roles of microRNA (miR)-96 in the oxaliplatin resistance of CRC cells and the underlying mechanisms. First, the expression of miR-96 was compared between CRC and adjacent tissues. Furthermore, target genes of miR-96 were predicted, and a dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to confirm whether the candidate tropomyosin 1 (TPM1) is a direct target of miR-96. In addition, CRC cells were transfected with miR-96 inhibitor, miR-negative control, small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting TPM1 or siRNA NC, and then treated with oxaliplatin. CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry were performed to examine the proliferation and apoptosis of the CRC cell line SW480. Next, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis were performed to determine the mRNA and/or protein levels of miR-96, Bcl-2, BAX and TPM1. The results indicated that miR-96 was upregulated in CRC compared with normal adjacent tissues, while TPM1 was downregulated. The luciferase activity was reduced following transfection with miR-96 mimics and luciferase reporter plasmid containing the wild-type sequence of the 3'-untranslated region of TPM1. Furthermore, knockdown of miR-96 combined with oxaliplatin reduced the viability and induced apoptosis of CRC cells, which was further verified by decreased expression of Bcl-2 and the increased expression of TPM1 and BAX. Taken together, the downregulation of miR-96 enhanced the sensitivity of CRC cells to oxaliplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingrui Ge
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222002, P.R. China
| | - Ping Xiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222002, P.R. China
| | - Haibing Mao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222002, P.R. China
| | - Shumin Tang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222002, P.R. China
| | - Jinyi Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222002, P.R. China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222002, P.R. China
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Liu J, Zhang C, Jia X, Wang W, Yin H. Comparative analysis of RNA-binding proteomes under Arabidopsis thaliana-Pst DC3000-PAMP interaction by orthogonal organic phase separation. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 160:47-54. [PMID: 32454107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are pivotal participants in post-transcriptional gene regulation. They interact with RNA directly to perform several post-transcriptional RNA regulatory functions or direct metabolic processes. Despite the essential importance, the understanding of plant RBPs is elementary, which derives mainly from other kingdoms via bioinformatic extrapolation or mRNA-binding proteins captured through UV crosslinked method. Recently, orthogonal organic phase separation (OOPS) method for RBP identification has been used in mammals and Escherichia coli. And plentiful RBPs were enriched without molecular tagging or capture of polyadenylated RNA in an unbiased way. In our study, OOPS was conducted on Arabidopsis and 468 RBPs were discovered including 244 putative RBPs. There were 17 peroxidases in 232 RBPs with enzymatic activities. In addition, Arabidopsis thaliana-Pst DC3000-chitinpentaose interaction system was chosen to explore whether OOPS can be used to dig specific RBPs under special physiological conditions. Eighty-four differential RBPs in this system were found and some of them involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolic pathway. These results showed OOPS can be applied to plants successfully and would be a useful method to identify RBPomes and specific RBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Liu
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunguang Zhang
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xiaochen Jia
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wenxia Wang
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Heng Yin
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Xu T, Luo Y, Wang J, Zhang N, Gu C, Li L, Qian D, Cai W, Fan J, Yin G. Exosomal miRNA-128-3p from mesenchymal stem cells of aged rats regulates osteogenesis and bone fracture healing by targeting Smad5. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:47. [PMID: 32178675 PMCID: PMC7077029 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00601-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been considered an effective therapeutic treatment for a variety of diseases including bone fracture. However, there are associated complications along with MSCs transplantation. There is evidence to show that exosomes (Exos) derived from MSCs exert a similar paracrine function. In addition, repair capabilities of MSCs decline with age. Hence, this study aims to confirm whether the Exos protective function on osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing from aged MSCs was attenuated. This information was used in order to investigate the underlying mechanism. MSCs were successfully isolated and identified from young and aged rats, and Exos were then obtained. Aged-Exos exhibited significantly attenuated effects on MSCs osteogenic differentiation in vitro and facture healing in vivo. Using miRNA array analysis, it was shown that miR-128-3p was markedly upregulated in Aged-Exos. In vitro experiments confirmed that Smad5 is a direct downstream target of miR-128-3p, and was inhibited by overexpressed miR-128-3p. A series gain- and loss- function experiment indicated that miR-128-3P serves a suppressor role in the process of fracture healing. Furthermore, effects caused by miR-128-3P mimic/inhibitor were reversed by the application of Smad5/siSmad5. Taken together, these results suggest that the therapeutic effects of MSCs-derived Exos may vary according to differential expression of miRNAs. Exosomal miR-128-3P antagomir may act as a promising therapeutic strategy for bone fracture healing, especially for the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongjun Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changjiang Gu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linwei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dingfei Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weihua Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jin Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Guoyong Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Murphy MR, Kleiman FE. Connections between 3' end processing and DNA damage response: Ten years later. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2020; 11:e1571. [PMID: 31657151 PMCID: PMC7295566 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ten years ago we reviewed how the cellular DNA damage response (DDR) is controlled by changes in the functional and structural properties of nuclear proteins, resulting in a timely coordinated control of gene expression that allows DNA repair. Expression of genes that play a role in DDR is regulated not only at transcriptional level during mRNA biosynthesis but also by changing steady-state levels due to turnover of the transcripts. The 3' end processing machinery, which is important in the regulation of mRNA stability, is involved in these gene-specific responses to DNA damage. Here, we review the latest mechanistic connections described between 3' end processing and DDR, with a special emphasis on alternative polyadenylation, microRNA and RNA binding proteins-mediated deadenylation, and discuss the implications of deregulation of these steps in DDR and human disease. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > 3' End Processing RNA-Based Catalysis > Miscellaneous RNA-Catalyzed Reactions RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Robert Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College and Biochemistry Program, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York
| | - Frida Esther Kleiman
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College and Biochemistry Program, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York
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Ma D, Liu H, Zhao P, Ye L, Zou H, Zhao X, Dai H, Kong X, Liu P. Programing Assembling/Releasing Multifunctional miRNA Nanomedicine to Treat Prostate Cancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:9032-9040. [PMID: 31986004 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b21707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) therapy has shown to have great promise for the treatment of androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC) due to the low efficiency of hormonal therapy. However, instability of RNA and inefficiency of RNA therapy limit the use of miRNAs in the treatment of AIPC. Here, we report a pH/ATP-activated nanocomplexes for increasing cytosolic delivery of miR146a which can effectively inhibit the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in AIPC. The nanocomplexes show identical suppressing effect in invasion, colony formation, migration ability, and growth of DU145 cells compared with Lipofectamine 2000 (lipo). But for in vivo experiments, the nanocomplexes vigorously suppress the growth of tumor volumes comparing to lipo group after five weeks' treatment. These results demonstrate the potential of the pH/ATP-activated nanocarriers for AIPC gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Ma
- Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200127 , China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200127 , China
| | - Peipei Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200127 , China
| | - Li Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes , Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Hanbing Zou
- Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200127 , China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200127 , China
| | - Huili Dai
- Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200127 , China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes , Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Xianming Kong
- Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200127 , China
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences , Shanghai 201318 , China
| | - Peifeng Liu
- Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200127 , China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes , Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200032 , China
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences , Shanghai 201318 , China
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Sun B, Sun H, Wang Q, Wang X, Quan J, Dong D, Lun Y. Circular RNA circMAN2B2 promotes growth and migration of gastric cancer cells by down-regulation of miR-145. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23215. [PMID: 32020674 PMCID: PMC7307361 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CircMAN2B2 is a newly discovered circRNA that has been found to be an oncogene in lung cancer and glioma. The present study was designed to reveal the role of circMAN2B2 in gastric carcinoma (GC). Methods qRT‐PCR method was utilized to examine circMAN2B2 expression in GC tissues and paracancerous tissues. Next, circMAN2B2 expression in SNU‐16 and AGS cells was silenced by transfection. CCK‐8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometer, Transwell assay, and Western blot were conducted for testing cell phenotype changes. Further, the downstream genes and signaling were uncovered by qRT‐PCR and Western blot. Results As relative to paracancerous tissues, circMAN2B2 was high‐expressed in GC tissues. Silence of circMAN2B2 clearly declined SNU‐16 and AGS cells viability, survival, migration but enhanced apoptosis. Meanwhile, silence of circMAN2B2 induced the cleavage of caspases (−3 and −9), down‐regulation of MMPs (−2 and −9), and up‐regulation of miR‐145. The impacts of circMAN2B2 silence toward SNU‐16 and AGS cells were attenuated by miR‐145 silence. Moreover, circMAN2B2 silence deactivated PI3K, AKT while activated JNK through regulating miR‐145. Conclusion This work presented the oncogenic function of circMAN2B2 in GC cells growth and migration. CircMAN2B2 exerted its function possibly through regulating miR‐145 as well as PI3K/AKT and JNK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy 971 Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Haiyuan Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy 971 Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Qunying Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy 971 Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy 971 Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingzi Quan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy 971 Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongfang Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy 971 Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yue Lun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy 971 Hospital, Qingdao, China
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To KKW, Fong W, Tong CWS, Wu M, Yan W, Cho WCS. Advances in the discovery of microRNA-based anticancer therapeutics: latest tools and developments. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 15:63-83. [PMID: 31739699 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1690449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding RNAs that repress the expression of their target genes by reducing mRNA stability and/or inhibiting translation. miRNAs are known to be aberrantly regulated in cancers. Modulators of miRNA (mimics and antagonists) have emerged as novel therapeutic tools for cancer treatment.Areas covered: This review summarizes the various strategies that have been applied to correct the dysregulated miRNA in cancer cells. The authors also discuss the recent advances in the technical development and preclinical/clinical evaluation of miRNA-based therapeutic agents.Expert opinion: Application of miRNA-based therapeutics for cancer treatment is appealing because they are able to modulate multiple dysregulated genes and/or signaling pathways in cancer cells. Major obstacles hindering their clinical development include drug delivery, off-target effects, efficacious dose determination, and safety. Tumor site-specific delivery of novel miRNA therapeutics may help to minimize off-target effects and toxicity. Combination of miRNA therapeutics with other anticancer treatment modalities could provide a synergistic effect, thus allowing the use of lower dose, minimizing off-target effects, and improving the overall safety profile in cancer patients. It is critical to identify individual miRNAs with cancer type-specific and context-specific regulation of oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes in order to facilitate the precise use of miRNA anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K W To
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Winnie Fong
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Christy W S Tong
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mingxia Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wei Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - William C S Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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