1
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Dash S, Biswas J, Goswami S, Mukherjee S, Ganguli N, Duraivelan K, Mondal S, Mukhopadhyay R, Samanta D. Molecular Crosstalk Between Adherens Junction Proteins, E-cadherin and Nectin-4. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168709. [PMID: 39009071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Cell-cell junctions formed by the association of cell adhesion molecules facilitate physiological events necessary for growth and development of multicellular organisms. Among them, cadherins and nectins organize and assemble to form adherens junction, which thereby mechanically couples interacting cells. A detailed understanding of the crosstalk involving these cell adhesion molecules is fundamental to the study of the various developmental processes. Although, cadherins and nectins can recruit each other in the adherens junction through an interplay of cytoplasmic adaptor molecules, here, we report a direct interaction between N-terminal extracellular domains of E-cadherin and nectin-4 as demonstrated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)-based single molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS). Kinetic studies using SPR demonstrate the binding between the ectodomains of E-cadherin and nectin-4 with a KD of 3.7 ± 0.7 µM and KD of 5.4 ± 0.2 µM (reciprocal experiment). AFM-based SMFS experiments also support interaction between the ectodomains of E-cadherin and nectin-4 with the koff value of 31.48 ± 1.53 s-1 and the lifetime of the complex of 0.036 ± 0.0026 s. We thus propose a cell adhesion mechanism mediated by E-cadherin and nectin-4, which can have functional significance in early embryogenesis as evident from the expression pattern of both the proteins during early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagarika Dash
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Jayita Biswas
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Saumyadeep Goswami
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Sarbartha Mukherjee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Namrata Ganguli
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Kheerthana Duraivelan
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Sourav Mondal
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Rupa Mukhopadhyay
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.
| | - Dibyendu Samanta
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India.
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2
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Noronha C, Ribeiro AS, Carvalho R, Mendes N, Reis J, Faria CC, Taipa R, Paredes J. Cadherin Expression Profiles Define Glioblastoma Differentiation and Patient Prognosis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2298. [PMID: 39001361 PMCID: PMC11240393 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadherins are cell-cell adhesion proteins which have been strongly implicated in cancer invasion, dissemination and metastasis capacity; thus, they are key players in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program. However, their role in glioblastoma (GBM), a primary central nervous system aggressive tumor, remains to be clarified. N-, E- and P-cadherin expression was analyzed on a large series of GBMs, characterized with clinical, imaging and neuropathological parameters, as well as with patients' survival data. In addition, cadherins' expression was studied in match-recurrent cases. Using TCGA data, cadherin expression profiles were also evaluated according to GBM transcription subtypes. N-cadherin expression was observed in 81.5% of GBM, followed by E-cadherin in 31% and P-cadherin in 20.8%. Upon tumor recurrence, P-cadherin was the only significantly upregulated cadherin compared with the primary tumor, being positive in 65.8% of the cases. Actually, P-cadherin gain was observed in 51.4% of matched primary-recurrent cases. Cadherins' co-expression was also explored. Interestingly, E- and N-cadherin co-expression identified a GBM subgroup with frequent epithelial differentiation and a significant survival benefit. On the other hand, subgroups with P-cadherin expression carried the worse prognosis. P- and N-cadherin co-expression correlated with the presence of a mesenchymal phenotype. Expressions of isolated P-cadherin or E- and P-cadherin co-expression were associated with imaging characteristics of aggressiveness, to highly heterogeneous tumors, an d to worse patient survival. Classical cadherins co-expression subgroups present consistent clinical, imaging, neuropathological and survival differences, which probably reflect different states of an EMT-like program in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Noronha
- Neurosurgery Department, Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, 4050-366 Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Metastasis, i3S, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FMUP-Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Ribeiro
- Cancer Metastasis, i3S, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Carvalho
- Cancer Metastasis, i3S, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Mendes
- IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Histology and Electron Microscopy, i3S, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Reis
- Neurosurgery Department, Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, 4050-366 Porto, Portugal
| | - Claudia C Faria
- Neurosurgery Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- IMM-Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Taipa
- Neuropathology Department, Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, 4050-342 Porto, Portugal
- UMIB-Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-346 Porto, Portugal
- ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Paredes
- Cancer Metastasis, i3S, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FMUP-Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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3
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Adebamowo SN, Adeyemo A, Adebayo A, Achara P, Alabi B, Bakare RA, Famooto AO, Obende K, Offiong R, Olaniyan O, Ologun S, Rotimi C, Adebamowo CA. Genome, HLA and polygenic risk score analyses for prevalent and persistent cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Eur J Hum Genet 2024; 32:708-716. [PMID: 38200081 PMCID: PMC11153215 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-023-01521-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants that underlie susceptibility to cervical high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infections are largely unknown. We conducted discovery genome-wide association studies (GWAS), replication, meta-analysis and colocalization, generated polygenic risk scores (PRS) and examined the association of classical HLA alleles and cervical hrHPV infections in a cohort of over 10,000 women. We identified genome-wide significant variants for prevalent hrHPV around LDB2 and for persistent hrHPV near TPTE2, SMAD2, and CDH12, which code for proteins that are significantly expressed in the human endocervix. Genetic variants associated with persistent hrHPV are in genes enriched for the antigen processing and presentation gene set. HLA-DRB1*13:02, HLA-DQB1*05:02 and HLA-DRB1*03:01 were associated with increased risk, and HLA-DRB1*15:03 was associated with decreased risk of persistent hrHPV. The analyses of peptide binding predictions showed that HLA-DRB1 alleles that were positively associated with persistent hrHPV showed weaker binding with peptides derived from hrHPV proteins and vice versa. The PRS for persistent hrHPV with the best model fit, had a P-value threshold (PT) of 0.001 and a p-value of 0.06 (-log10(0.06) = 1.22). The findings of this study expand our understanding of genetic risk factors for hrHPV infection and persistence and highlight the roles of MHC class II molecules in hrHPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally N Adebamowo
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Rasheed A Bakare
- Department of Microbiology, University College Hospital, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Richard Offiong
- University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Charles Rotimi
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Clement A Adebamowo
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria.
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4
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Viswanathan S, Palaniyandi T, Chellam DC, Ahmed MF, Shoban N, Pushpakumar M, Abdul Wahab MR, Baskar G, Ravi M, Sivaji A, Natarajan S, Sankareswaran SK. Anti-cancer activity of Hypnea valentiae seaweed loaded gold nanoparticles through EMT signaling pathway in A549 cells. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2023.104606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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5
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Dash S, Duraivelan K, Hansda A, Kumari P, Chatterjee S, Mukherjee G, Samanta D. Heterophilic recognition between E-cadherin and N-cadherin relies on same canonical binding interface as required for E-cadherin homodimerization. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 727:109329. [PMID: 35738425 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cadherins are a family of cell surface glycoproteins that mediate Ca2+-dependent cell to cell adhesion. They organize to form large macromolecular assemblies at the junctions of cells in order to form and maintain the integrity of tissue structures, thereby playing an indispensable role in the multicellular organization. Notably, a large body of research on E- and N-cadherin, the two most widely studied members of the cadherin superfamily, suggest for homophilic associations among them to drive cell adhesion. Interestingly, latest studies also highlight for direct crosstalk among these two classical cadherins to form heterotypic connections in physiological as well as in disease environment. However, the molecular details for the heterophilic association of E-cadherin and N-cadherin has not been investigated yet, which we aimed to address in this work. Using surface plasmon resonance and flow cytometry based biophysical studies we observed heterophilic interaction between E- and N-cadherin mediated through the membrane distal ectodomains. Further, the heterodimeric interface of E-cadherin and N-cadherin was mapped using structure-guided mutational studies followed by complementary biophysical analyses to identify the important interface residues involved in the interaction. The results obtained imply significant resemblance in the interface residues of E-cadherin that are crucial for homophilic recognition of E-cadherin and heterophilic recognition of N-cadherin as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagarika Dash
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Kheerthana Duraivelan
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Anita Hansda
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Puja Kumari
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Shruti Chatterjee
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Gayatri Mukherjee
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Dibyendu Samanta
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
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6
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Luo H, Zhang Y, Deng Y, Li L, Sheng Z, Yu Y, Lin Y, Chen X, Feng P. Nxhl Controls Angiogenesis by Targeting VE-PTP Through Interaction With Nucleolin. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:728821. [PMID: 34733844 PMCID: PMC8558974 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.728821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise regulation of angiogenesis is required for organ development, wound repair, and tumor progression. Here, we identified a novel gene, nxhl (New XingHuo light), that is conserved in vertebrates and that plays a crucial role in vascular integrity and angiogenesis. Bioinformatic analysis uncovered its essential roles in development based on co-expression with several key developmental genes. Knockdown of nxhl in zebrafish causes global and pericardial edema, loss of blood circulation, and vascular defects characterized by both reduced vascularization in intersegmental vessels and decreased sprouting in the caudal vein plexus. The nxhl gene also affects human endothelial cell behavior in vitro. We found that nxhl functions in part by targeting VE-PTP through interaction with NCL (nucleolin). Loss of ptprb (a VE-PTP ortholo) in zebrafish resulted in defects similar to nxhl knockdown. Moreover, nxhl deficiency attenuates tumor invasion and proteins (including VE-PTP and NCL) associated with angiogenesis and EMT. These findings illustrate that nxhl can regulate angiogenesis via a novel nxhl-NCL-VE-PTP axis, providing a new therapeutic target for modulating vascular formation and function, especially for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yongde Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Yanfei Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Lequn Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhaoan Sheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yanling Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaohan Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Pengfei Feng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, China
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7
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Noronha C, Ribeiro AS, Taipa R, Castro DS, Reis J, Faria C, Paredes J. Cadherin Expression and EMT: A Focus on Gliomas. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101328. [PMID: 34680444 PMCID: PMC8533397 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadherins are calcium-binding proteins with a pivotal role in cell adhesion and tissue homeostasis. The cadherin-dependent mechanisms of cell adhesion and migration are exploited by cancer cells, contributing to tumor invasiveness and dissemination. In particular, cadherin switch is a hallmark of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, a complex development process vastly described in the progression of most epithelial cancers. This is characterized by drastic changes in cell polarity, adhesion, and motility, which lead from an E-cadherin positive differentiated epithelial state into a dedifferentiated mesenchymal-like state, prone to metastization and defined by N-cadherin expression. Although vastly explored in epithelial cancers, how these mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of other non-epithelial tumor types is poorly understood. Herein, the current knowledge on cadherin expression in normal development in parallel to tumor pathogenesis is reviewed, focusing on epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Emphasis is taken in the unascertained cadherin expression in CNS tumors, particularly in gliomas, where the potential contribution of an epithelial-to-mesenchymal-like process to glioma genesis and how this may be associated with changes in cadherin expression is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Noronha
- Neurosurgery Department, Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitario do Porto, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal; (C.N.); (J.R.)
- Cancer Metastasis Group, i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Ribeiro
- Cancer Metastasis Group, i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Ricardo Taipa
- Neuropathology Unit, Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitario do Porto, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal;
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Diogo S. Castro
- Stem Cells & Neurogenesis Group, i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Joaquim Reis
- Neurosurgery Department, Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitario do Porto, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal; (C.N.); (J.R.)
- Anatomy Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Faria
- Neurosurgery Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitario Lisboa Norte, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal;
- IMM—Instituto de Medicina Molecular Joao Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Paredes
- Cancer Metastasis Group, i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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8
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Ling Z, Cheng B, Tao X. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Challenges and opportunities. Int J Cancer 2020; 148:1548-1561. [PMID: 33091960 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy representing 90% of all forms of oral cancer worldwide. Although great efforts have been made in the past decades, the 5-year survival rate of OSCC patients is no more than 60% due to tumor metastasis and subsequent recurrence. The metastasis from the primary site is due to a complex process known as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). During the EMT, epithelial cells gradually acquire the structural and functional characteristics of mesenchymal cells, leading to the upregulation of cell migration and the promotion of tumor cell dissemination. Therefore, EMT attracted broad attention due to its close relationship with cancer invasion and metastasis. Therefore, in the present review, an extensive description of the current research on OSCC and the role of EMT in this cancer type is provided, including diverse EMT markers, regulatory networks and crucial EMT-inducing transcription factors in OSCC. Moreover, a brief summary was made regarding the current application of EMT-correlated indexes in the prognostic analysis of OSCC patients, and the potential therapeutic approaches against OSCC and difficulties in the development of an effective anti-EMT treatment are discussed. Our aim is to provide novel insights to develop new strategies to combat OSCC by targeting EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihang Ling
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoan Tao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Ding S, Khan AI, Cai X, Song Y, Lyu Z, Du D, Dutta P, Lin Y. Overcoming blood-brain barrier transport: Advances in nanoparticle-based drug delivery strategies. MATERIALS TODAY (KIDLINGTON, ENGLAND) 2020; 37:112-125. [PMID: 33093794 PMCID: PMC7575138 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), a unique structure in the central nervous system (CNS), protects the brain from bloodborne pathogens by its excellent barrier properties. Nevertheless, this barrier limits therapeutic efficacy and becomes one of the biggest challenges in new drug development for neurodegenerative disease and brain cancer. Recent breakthroughs in nanotechnology have resulted in various nanoparticles (NPs) as drug carriers to cross the BBB by different methods. This review presents the current understanding of advanced NP-mediated non-invasive drug delivery for the treatment of neurological disorders. Herein, the complex compositions and special characteristics of BBB are elucidated exhaustively. Moreover, versatile drug nanocarriers with their recent applications and their pathways on different drug delivery strategies to overcome the formidable BBB obstacle are briefly discussed. In terms of significance, this paper provides a general understanding of how various properties of nanoparticles aid in drug delivery through BBB and usher the development of novel nanotechnology-based nanomaterials for cerebral disease therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaoli Cai
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, PO Box 642920 Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Yang Song
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, PO Box 642920 Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Zhaoyuan Lyu
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, PO Box 642920 Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Dan Du
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, PO Box 642920 Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Prashanta Dutta
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, PO Box 642920 Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Yuehe Lin
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, PO Box 642920 Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
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10
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Castro Dias M, Mapunda JA, Vladymyrov M, Engelhardt B. Structure and Junctional Complexes of Endothelial, Epithelial and Glial Brain Barriers. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5372. [PMID: 31671721 PMCID: PMC6862204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS) is ensured by the endothelial, epithelial, mesothelial and glial brain barriers, which strictly control the passage of molecules, solutes and immune cells. While the endothelial blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the epithelial blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) have been extensively investigated, less is known about the epithelial and mesothelial arachnoid barrier and the glia limitans. Here, we summarize current knowledge of the cellular composition of the brain barriers with a specific focus on describing the molecular constituents of their junctional complexes. We propose that the brain barriers maintain CNS immune privilege by dividing the CNS into compartments that differ with regard to their role in immune surveillance of the CNS. We close by providing a brief overview on experimental tools allowing for reliable in vivo visualization of the brain barriers and their junctional complexes and thus the respective CNS compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Britta Engelhardt
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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11
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Loh CY, Chai JY, Tang TF, Wong WF, Sethi G, Shanmugam MK, Chong PP, Looi CY. The E-Cadherin and N-Cadherin Switch in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition: Signaling, Therapeutic Implications, and Challenges. Cells 2019; 8:E1118. [PMID: 31547193 PMCID: PMC6830116 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 683] [Impact Index Per Article: 136.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) has been shown to be crucial in tumorigenesis where the EMT program enhances metastasis, chemoresistance and tumor stemness. Due to its emerging role as a pivotal driver of tumorigenesis, targeting EMT is of great therapeutic interest in counteracting metastasis and chemoresistance in cancer patients. The hallmark of EMT is the upregulation of N-cadherin followed by the downregulation of E-cadherin, and this process is regulated by a complex network of signaling pathways and transcription factors. In this review, we summarized the recent understanding of the roles of E- and N-cadherins in cancer invasion and metastasis as well as the crosstalk with other signaling pathways involved in EMT. We also highlighted a few natural compounds with potential anti-EMT property and outlined the future directions in the development of novel intervention in human cancer treatments. We have reviewed 287 published papers related to this topic and identified some of the challenges faced in translating the discovery work from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yap Loh
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Jian Yi Chai
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Ting Fang Tang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Won Fen Wong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
| | - Muthu Kumaraswamy Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
| | - Pei Pei Chong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Chung Yeng Looi
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
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12
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Karam HM, Radwan RR. Metformin modulates cardiac endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation in irradiated rats: A new perspective of an antidiabetic drug. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 46:1124-1132. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heba M. Karam
- Drug Radiation Research Department National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT) Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA) Nasr City Cairo Egypt
| | - Rasha R. Radwan
- Drug Radiation Research Department National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT) Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA) Nasr City Cairo Egypt
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13
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Ma M, Fu Y, Zhou X, Guan F, Wang Y, Li X. Functional roles of fucosylated and O-glycosylated cadherins during carcinogenesis and metastasis. Cell Signal 2019; 63:109365. [PMID: 31352008 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Reduced cellular adhesiveness as a result of cadherin dysfunction is a defining feature of cancer and the mechanism involved in many aspects. Glycosylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications to cadherin. Major changes of glycosylation on cadherins can affect its stability, trafficking, and cell-adhesion properties. It has been reported that the different glycoforms of cadherins are promising biomarkers in cancer, with potential clinical application to constitute targets for the development of new therapies. Among the various glycoforms of cadherins, fucosylated and O-glycosylated cadherins are attracting more attention for their important roles in regulating cadherin functions during carcinogenesis. This review will discuss the most recent insights of the functional roles of fucosylated and O-glycosylated cadherins and their regulation mechanisms during carcinogenesis and metastasis. In summary, more understanding of fucosylated and O-glycosylated cadherins will lead to development of novel therapeutic approaches targeted to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxing Ma
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Glycobiology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Department of Oncology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Yutong Fu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Glycobiology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoman Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Feng Guan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Glycobiology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xiang Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Glycobiology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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14
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Yeon JH, Jeong HE, Seo H, Cho S, Kim K, Na D, Chung S, Park J, Choi N, Kang JY. Cancer-derived exosomes trigger endothelial to mesenchymal transition followed by the induction of cancer-associated fibroblasts. Acta Biomater 2018; 76:146-153. [PMID: 30078422 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a pivotal role in tumor growth, but very little has been known about its characteristics and origin. Recently, cancer-derived exosome has been suggested to transdifferentiate CAFs, by a new mechanism of endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT), initiating angiogenic processes and triggering metastatic evolution. However, an enabling tool in vitro is yet to be developed to investigate complicated procedures of the EndMT and the transdifferentiation under reconstituted tumor microenvironment. Here we proposed an in vitro microfluidic model which enables to monitor a synergetic effect of complex tumor microenvironment in situ, including extracellular matrix (ECM), interstitial flow and environmental exosomes. The number of CAFs differentiated from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) increased with melanoma-derived exosomes, presenting apparent morphological and molecular changes with pronounced motility. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes were found to suppress EndMT, induce angiogenesis and maintain vascular homeostasis, while cancer-derived exosomes promoted EndMT. Capabilities of the new microfluidic model exist in precise regulation of the complex tumor microenvironment and therefore successful reconstitution of 3D microvasculature niches, enabling in situ investigation of EndMT procedure between various cell types. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This study presents an in vitro 3D EndMT model to understand the progress of the CAF generation by recapitulating the 3D tumor microenvironment in a microfluidic device. Both cancer-derived exosomes and interstitial fluid flow synergetically played a pivotal role in the EndMT and consequent formation of CAFs through a collagen-based ECM. Our approach also enabled the demonstration of a homeostatic capability of MSC-derived exosomes, ultimately leading to the recovery of CAFs back to endothelial cells. The in vitro 3D EndMT model can serve as a powerful tool to validate exosomal components that could be further developed to anti-cancer drugs.
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15
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Onishi M, Yamanaka K, Miyamoto Y, Waki H, Gouraud S. Trpv4 involvement in the sex differences in blood pressure regulation in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Physiol Genomics 2018; 50:272-286. [PMID: 29373075 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00096.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial pressure (AP) is lower in premenopausal women than in men of a similar age. Premenopausal women exhibit a lower sympathetic activity and a greater baroreceptor reflex; however, mechanisms controlling sex differences in blood pressure regulation are not well understood. We hypothesized that different neuronal functions in the cardiovascular centers of the brains of men and women may contribute to the sex difference in cardiovascular homeostasis. Our previous studies on male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and their normotensive counterparts, Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats, revealed that the gene-expression profile of the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), a region of the medulla oblongata that is pivotal for regulating the set point of AP, is strongly associated with AP. Thus, we hypothesized that gene-expression profiles in the rat NTS are related to sex differences in AP regulation. Because female SHRs clearly exhibit lower AP than their male counterparts of a similar age, we investigated whether SHR NTS exhibits sex differences in gene expression by using microarray and RT-qPCR experiments. The transcript for transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 ( Trpv4) was found to be upregulated in SHR NTS in females compared with that in males. The channel was expressed in neurons and glial cells within NTS. The TRPV4 agonist 4-alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate (4α-PDD) decreased blood pressure when injected into NTS of rats. These findings suggest that altered TRPV4 expression might be involved in the sex differences in blood pressure regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Onishi
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo , Japan.,Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Ko Yamanaka
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai-city, Chiba , Japan
| | - Yasunori Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo , Japan.,Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo , Japan.,Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Hidefumi Waki
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai-city, Chiba , Japan
| | - Sabine Gouraud
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo , Japan.,Department of Biology, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo , Japan
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16
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Meshalkina DA, Shevtsov MA, Dobrodumov AV, Komarova EY, Voronkina IV, Lazarev VF, Margulis BA, Guzhova IV. Knock-down of Hdj2/DNAJA1 co-chaperone results in an unexpected burst of tumorigenicity of C6 glioblastoma cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:22050-63. [PMID: 26959111 PMCID: PMC5008343 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The chaperone system based on Hsp70 and proteins of the DnaJ family is known to protect tumor cells from a variety of cytotoxic factors, including anti-tumor therapy. To analyze whether this also functions in a highly malignant brain tumor, we knocked down the expression of Hsp70 (HSPA1A) and its two most abundant co-chaperones, Hdj1 (DNAJB1) and Hdj2 (DNAJA1) in a C6 rat glioblastoma cell line. As expected, tumor depletion of Hsp70 caused a substantial reduction in its growth rate and increased the survival of tumor-bearing animals, whereas the reduction of Hdj1 expression had no effect. Unexpectedly, a reduction in the expression of Hdj2 led to the enhanced aggressiveness of the C6 tumor, demonstrated by its rapid growth, metastasis formation and a 1.5-fold reduction in the lifespan of tumor-bearing animals. The in vitro reduction of Hdj2 expression reduced spheroid density and simultaneously enhanced the migration and invasion of C6 cells. At the molecular level, a knock-down of Hdj2 led to the relocation of N-cadherin and the enhanced activity of metalloproteinases 1, 2, 8 and 9, which are markers of highly malignant cancer cells. The changes in the actin cytoskeleton in Hdj2-depleted cells indicate that the protein is also important for prevention of the amoeboid-like transition of tumor cells. The results of this study uncover a completely new role for the Hdj2 co-chaperone in tumorigenicity and suggest that the protein is a potential drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darya A Meshalkina
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Maxim A Shevtsov
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.,First I.P. Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia
| | - Anatoliy V Dobrodumov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 199004, Russia
| | - Elena Y Komarova
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Irina V Voronkina
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Vladimir F Lazarev
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Boris A Margulis
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Irina V Guzhova
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
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17
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Angiopoietin-Tie signalling in the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:87-103. [PMID: 27941161 PMCID: PMC5146956 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells that form the inner layer of blood and lymphatic vessels are important regulators of vascular functions and centrally involved in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. In addition to the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor pathway, the angiopoietin (Ang)-Tie system is a second endothelial cell specific ligand-receptor signalling system necessary for embryonic cardiovascular and lymphatic development. The Ang-Tie system also regulates postnatal angiogenesis, vessel remodelling, vascular permeability and inflammation to maintain vascular homoeostasis in adult physiology. This system is implicated in numerous diseases where the vasculature has an important contribution, such as cancer, sepsis, diabetes, atherosclerosis and ocular diseases. Furthermore, mutations in the TIE2 signalling pathway cause defects in vascular morphogenesis, resulting in venous malformations and primary congenital glaucoma. Here, we review recent advances in the understanding of the Ang-Tie signalling system, including cross-talk with the vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP) and the integrin cell adhesion receptors, focusing on the Ang-Tie system in vascular development and pathogenesis of vascular diseases.
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18
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Carvalho S, Reis CA, Pinho SS. Cadherins Glycans in Cancer: Sweet Players in a Bitter Process. Trends Cancer 2016; 2:519-531. [PMID: 28741480 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cadherins are key components in tissue morphogenesis and architecture, contributing to the establishment of cohesive cell adhesion. Reduced cellular adhesiveness as a result of cadherin dysfunction is a defining feature of cancer. During tumor development and progression, major changes in the glycan repertoire of cancer cells take place, affecting the stability, trafficking, and cell-adhesion properties of cadherins. Importantly, the different glycoforms of cadherins are promising biomarkers, with potential clinical application to improve the management of patients, and constitute targets for the development of new therapies. This review discusses the most recent insights on the impact of glycan structure on the regulation of cadherin function in cancer, and provides a perspective on how cadherin glycans constitute tumor biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Carvalho
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Celso A Reis
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Salomé S Pinho
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
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19
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Reinhard NR, van Helden SF, Anthony EC, Yin T, Wu YI, Goedhart J, Gadella TWJ, Hordijk PL. Spatiotemporal analysis of RhoA/B/C activation in primary human endothelial cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25502. [PMID: 27147504 PMCID: PMC4857094 DOI: 10.1038/srep25502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells line the vasculature and are important for the regulation of blood pressure, vascular permeability, clotting and transendothelial migration of leukocytes and tumor cells. A group of proteins that that control the endothelial barrier function are the RhoGTPases. This study focuses on three homologous (>88%) RhoGTPases: RhoA, RhoB, RhoC of which RhoB and RhoC have been poorly characterized. Using a RhoGTPase mRNA expression analysis we identified RhoC as the highest expressed in primary human endothelial cells. Based on an existing RhoA FRET sensor we developed new RhoB/C FRET sensors to characterize their spatiotemporal activation properties. We found all these RhoGTPase sensors to respond to physiologically relevant agonists (e.g. Thrombin), reaching transient, localized FRET ratio changes up to 200%. These RhoA/B/C FRET sensors show localized GEF and GAP activity and reveal spatial activation differences between RhoA/C and RhoB. Finally, we used these sensors to monitor GEF-specific differential activation of RhoA/B/C. In summary, this study adds high-contrast RhoB/C FRET sensors to the currently available FRET sensor toolkit and uncover new insights in endothelial and RhoGTPase cell biology. This allows us to study activation and signaling by these closely related RhoGTPases with high spatiotemporal resolution in primary human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie R Reinhard
- University of Amsterdam, Molecular Cytology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, van leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Sanquin Research, Molecular Cell Biology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne F van Helden
- Sanquin Research, Molecular Cell Biology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eloise C Anthony
- Sanquin Research, Molecular Cell Biology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Taofei Yin
- Center for cell analysis and Modeling, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, United States of America
| | - Yi I Wu
- Center for cell analysis and Modeling, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, United States of America
| | - Joachim Goedhart
- University of Amsterdam, Molecular Cytology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, van leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theodorus W J Gadella
- University of Amsterdam, Molecular Cytology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, van leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter L Hordijk
- University of Amsterdam, Molecular Cytology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, van leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Sanquin Research, Molecular Cell Biology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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20
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Li YC, Lin MW, Yen MH, Fan SMY, Wu JT, Young TH, Cheng JY, Lin SJ. Programmable Laser-Assisted Surface Microfabrication on a Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)-Coated Glass Chip with Self-Changing Cell Adhesivity for Heterotypic Cell Patterning. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:22322-22332. [PMID: 26393271 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b05978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Organs are composed of heterotypic cells with patterned architecture that enables intercellular interaction to perform specific functions. In tissue engineering, the ability to pattern heterotypic cells into desired arrangement will allow us to model complex tissues in vitro and to create tissue equivalents for regeneration. This study was aimed at developing a method for fast heterotypic cell patterning with controllable topological manipulation on a glass chip. We found that poly(vinyl alcohol)-coated glass showed a biphasic change in adhesivity to cells in vitro: low adhesivity in the first 24 h and higher adhesivity at later hours due to increased serum protein adsorption. Combining programmable CO2 laser ablation to remove poly(vinyl alcohol) and glass, we were able to create arrays of adhesive microwells of adjustable patterns. We tested whether controllable patterns of epithelial-mesenchymal interaction could be created. When skin dermal papilla cells and fibroblasts were seeded respectively 24 h apart, we were able to pattern these two cells into aggregates of dermal papilla cells in arrays of microwells in a background of fibroblasts sheet. Seeded later, keratinocytes attached to these mesenchymal cells. Keratinocytes contacting dermal papilla cells started to differentiate toward a hair follicle fate, demonstrating patternable epithelial-mesenchymal interaction. This method allows fast adjustable heterotypic cell patterning and surface topology control and can be applied to the investigation of heterotypic cellular interaction and creation of tissue equivalent in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Wei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hua Yen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115-29, Taiwan
| | - Sabrina Mai-Yi Fan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - June-Tai Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University , Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Horng Young
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Yen Cheng
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115-29, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Jan Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine , Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University , Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University , Taipei 100, Taiwan
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21
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Tietz S, Engelhardt B. Brain barriers: Crosstalk between complex tight junctions and adherens junctions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 209:493-506. [PMID: 26008742 PMCID: PMC4442813 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201412147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Unique intercellular junctional complexes between the central nervous system (CNS) microvascular endothelial cells and the choroid plexus epithelial cells form the endothelial blood–brain barrier (BBB) and the epithelial blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB), respectively. These barriers inhibit paracellular diffusion, thereby protecting the CNS from fluctuations in the blood. Studies of brain barrier integrity during development, normal physiology, and disease have focused on BBB and BCSFB tight junctions but not the corresponding endothelial and epithelial adherens junctions. The crosstalk between adherens junctions and tight junctions in maintaining barrier integrity is an understudied area that may represent a promising target for influencing brain barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Tietz
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Britta Engelhardt
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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