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Li W, Gao X, Qi G, Wurilige, Guo L, Zhang M, Fu Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Wang Y, Yang F, Gao Q, Fan Y, Wen L, Li F, Bai X, Zhao Y, Gun-Aajav B, Xu X. Research on the Effects of the Relationship between Agronomic Traits and Dwarfing Genes on Yield in Colored Wheat. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:649. [PMID: 38927585 PMCID: PMC11203363 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This research focuses on 72 approved varieties of colored wheat from different provinces in China. Utilizing coefficients of variation, structural equation models, and correlation analyses, six agronomic traits of colored wheat were comprehensively evaluated, followed by further research on different dwarfing genes in colored wheat. Using the entropy method revealed that among the 72 colored wheat varieties, 10 were suitable for cultivation. Variety 70 was the top-performing variety, with a comprehensive index of 87.15%. In the final established structural equation model, each agronomic trait exhibited a positive direct effect on yield. Notably, plant height, spike length, and flag leaf width had significant impacts on yield, with path coefficients of 0.55, 0.40, and 0.27. Transcriptome analysis and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) validation were used to identify three dwarfing genes controlling plant height: Rht1, Rht-D1, and Rht8. Subsequent RT-qPCR validation clustering heatmap results indicated that Rht-D1 gene expression increased with the growth of per-acre yield. Rht8 belongs to the semi-dwarf gene category and has a significant positive effect on grain yield. However, the impact of Rht1, as a dwarfing gene, on agronomic traits varies. These research findings provide crucial references for the breeding of new varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wurijimusi Li
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia;
- Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hinggan League 137400, China; (X.G.); (G.Q.); (W.); (L.G.); (M.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (F.Y.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (X.B.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xinmei Gao
- Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hinggan League 137400, China; (X.G.); (G.Q.); (W.); (L.G.); (M.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (F.Y.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (X.B.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Geqi Qi
- Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hinggan League 137400, China; (X.G.); (G.Q.); (W.); (L.G.); (M.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (F.Y.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (X.B.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Wurilige
- Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hinggan League 137400, China; (X.G.); (G.Q.); (W.); (L.G.); (M.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (F.Y.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (X.B.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Longyu Guo
- Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hinggan League 137400, China; (X.G.); (G.Q.); (W.); (L.G.); (M.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (F.Y.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (X.B.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Mingwei Zhang
- Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hinggan League 137400, China; (X.G.); (G.Q.); (W.); (L.G.); (M.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (F.Y.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (X.B.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ying Fu
- Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hinggan League 137400, China; (X.G.); (G.Q.); (W.); (L.G.); (M.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (F.Y.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (X.B.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hinggan League 137400, China; (X.G.); (G.Q.); (W.); (L.G.); (M.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (F.Y.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (X.B.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hinggan League 137400, China; (X.G.); (G.Q.); (W.); (L.G.); (M.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (F.Y.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (X.B.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ying Wang
- Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hinggan League 137400, China; (X.G.); (G.Q.); (W.); (L.G.); (M.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (F.Y.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (X.B.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Fengting Yang
- Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hinggan League 137400, China; (X.G.); (G.Q.); (W.); (L.G.); (M.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (F.Y.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (X.B.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Qianhui Gao
- Hinggan League Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center, Hinggan League 137400, China;
| | - Yongyi Fan
- Hinggan League Academy of Occupation and Technology, Hinggan League 137400, China;
| | - Li Wen
- Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hinggan League 137400, China; (X.G.); (G.Q.); (W.); (L.G.); (M.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (F.Y.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (X.B.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Fengjiao Li
- Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hinggan League 137400, China; (X.G.); (G.Q.); (W.); (L.G.); (M.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (F.Y.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (X.B.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiuyan Bai
- Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hinggan League 137400, China; (X.G.); (G.Q.); (W.); (L.G.); (M.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (F.Y.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (X.B.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yue Zhao
- Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hinggan League 137400, China; (X.G.); (G.Q.); (W.); (L.G.); (M.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (F.Y.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (X.B.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Bayarmaa Gun-Aajav
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia;
| | - Xingjian Xu
- Hinggan League Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hinggan League 137400, China; (X.G.); (G.Q.); (W.); (L.G.); (M.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (F.Y.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (X.B.); (Y.Z.)
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Taranto F, Esposito S, Fania F, Sica R, Marzario S, Logozzo G, Gioia T, De Vita P. Breeding effects on durum wheat traits detected using GWAS and haplotype block analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1206517. [PMID: 37794940 PMCID: PMC10546023 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1206517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The recent boosting of genomic data in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) offers the opportunity to better understand the effects of breeding on the genetic structures that regulate the expression of traits of agronomic interest. Furthermore, the identification of DNA markers useful for marker-assisted selection could also improve the reliability of technical protocols used for variety protection and registration. Methods Within this motivation context, 123 durum wheat accessions, classified into three groups: landraces (LR), ancient (OC) and modern cultivars (MC), were evaluated in two locations, for 34 agronomic traits, including UPOV descriptors, to assess the impact of changes that occurred during modern breeding. Results The association mapping analysis, performed with 4,241 SNP markers and six multi-locus-GWAS models, revealed 28 reliable Quantitative Trait Nucleotides (QTNs) related to plant morphology and kernel-related traits. Some important genes controlling flowering time and plant height were in linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay with QTNs identified in this study. A strong association for yellow berry was found on chromosome 6A (Q.Yb-6A) in a region containing the nadh-ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit, a gene involved in starch metabolism. The Q.Kcp-2A harbored the PPO locus, with the associated marker (Ku_c13700_1196) in LD decay with Ppo-A1 and Ppo-A2. Interestingly, the Q.FGSGls-2B.1, identified by RAC875_c34512_685 for flag leaf glaucosity, mapped less than 1 Mb from the Epistatic inhibitors of glaucousness (Iw1), thus representing a good candidate for supporting the morphological DUS traits also with molecular markers. LD haplotype block approach revealed a higher diversity, richness and length of haploblocks in MC than OC and LR (580 in LR, 585 in OC and 612 in MC), suggesting a possible effect exerted by breeding programs on genomic regions associated with the agronomic traits. Discussion Our findings pave new ways to support the phenotypic characterization necessary for variety registration by using a panel of cost-effectiveness SNP markers associated also to the UPOV descriptors. Moreover, the panel of associated SNPs might represent a reservoir of favourable alleles to use in durum wheat breeding and genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Taranto
- Italian National Council of Research (CNR), Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (IBBR), Bari, Italy
| | - S. Esposito
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), Foggia, Italy
| | - F. Fania
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), Foggia, Italy
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources, and Engineering (DAFNE) - University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - R. Sica
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - S. Marzario
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - G. Logozzo
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - T. Gioia
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - P. De Vita
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), Foggia, Italy
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Wold-McGimsey F, Krosch C, Alarcón-Reverte R, Ravet K, Katz A, Stromberger J, Mason RE, Pearce S. Multi-target genome editing reduces polyphenol oxidase activity in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) grains. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1247680. [PMID: 37786514 PMCID: PMC10541959 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1247680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Polyphenol oxidases (PPO) are dual activity metalloenzymes that catalyse the production of quinones. In plants, PPO activity may contribute to biotic stress resistance and secondary metabolism but is undesirable for food producers because it causes the discolouration and changes in flavour profiles of products during post-harvest processing. In wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), PPO released from the aleurone layer of the grain during milling results in the discolouration of flour, dough, and end-use products, reducing their value. Loss-of-function mutations in the PPO1 and PPO2 paralogous genes on homoeologous group 2 chromosomes confer reduced PPO activity in the wheat grain. However, limited natural variation and the proximity of these genes complicates the selection of extremely low-PPO wheat varieties by recombination. The goal of the current study was to edit all copies of PPO1 and PPO2 to drive extreme reductions in PPO grain activity in elite wheat varieties. Results A CRISPR/Cas9 construct with one single guide RNA (sgRNA) targeting a conserved copper binding domain was used to edit all seven PPO1 and PPO2 genes in the spring wheat cultivar 'Fielder'. Five of the seven edited T1 lines exhibited significant reductions in PPO activity, and T2 lines had PPO activity up to 86.7% lower than wild-type. The same construct was transformed into the elite winter wheat cultivars 'Guardian' and 'Steamboat', which have five PPO1 and PPO2 genes. In these varieties PPO activity was reduced by >90% in both T1 and T2 lines. In all three varieties, dough samples from edited lines exhibited reduced browning. Discussion This study demonstrates that multi-target editing at late stages of variety development could complement selection for beneficial alleles in crop breeding programs by inducing novel variation in loci inaccessible to recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forrest Wold-McGimsey
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Caitlynd Krosch
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Rocío Alarcón-Reverte
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Sustainable Soils and Crops, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Karl Ravet
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Andrew Katz
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - John Stromberger
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Richard Esten Mason
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Stephen Pearce
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Sustainable Soils and Crops, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
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Huertas-García AB, Guzmán C, Ibba MI, Rakszegi M, Sillero JC, Alvarez JB. Processing and Bread-Making Quality Profile of Spanish Spelt Wheat. Foods 2023; 12:2996. [PMID: 37627995 PMCID: PMC10453461 DOI: 10.3390/foods12162996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ssp. spelta Thell.) is an ancient wheat that has been widely cultivated for hundreds of years. Recently, this species has been neglected in most of Europe; however, the desire for more natural and traditional foods has driven a revival of the crop. In the current study, eighty-eight traditional spelt genotypes from Spain, together with nine common wheat cultivars and one modern spelt (cv. Anna Maria) were grown during a period of two years in Andalucia (southern Spain). In each, several traits were measured in to evaluate their milling, processing, and end-use quality (bread-making). The comparison between species suggested that, in general, spelt and common wheat showed differences for most of the measured traits; on average, spelt genotypes had softer grains, higher protein content (14.3 vs. 11.9%) and gluten extensibility (alveograph P/L 0.5 vs. 1.8), and lower gluten strength (alveograph W 187 vs. 438 × 10-4 J). In the baking test, both species showed similar values. Nevertheless, the analysis of this set of spelt genotypes showed a wide range for all measured traits, with higher values than common wheat in some spelt genotypes for some traits. This opens up the possibility of using these materials in future breeding programs, to develop either new spelt or common wheat cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Huertas-García
- Departamento de Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, CeiA3, ES-14071 Córdoba, Spain; (A.B.H.-G.); (J.B.A.)
| | - Carlos Guzmán
- Departamento de Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, CeiA3, ES-14071 Córdoba, Spain; (A.B.H.-G.); (J.B.A.)
| | - Maria Itria Ibba
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo Postal 6-641, Mexico DF, Mexico;
| | - Marianna Rakszegi
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Brunszvik u. 2, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary;
| | | | - Juan B. Alvarez
- Departamento de Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, CeiA3, ES-14071 Córdoba, Spain; (A.B.H.-G.); (J.B.A.)
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Liu P, Zhang Z, Yin Y, Yan S, Ren Y, Sang W, Xu H, Han X, Cui F, Nie Y, Kong D, Li W, Lan C, Mu P. Quality traits analysis of 153 wheat lines derived from CIMMYT and China. Front Genet 2023; 14:1198835. [PMID: 37600662 PMCID: PMC10433775 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1198835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to understand the difference of quality for Chinese and CIMMYT wheat varieties (lines), we selected 153 wheat germplasm from both China and CIMMYT to explore the contribution relationship of different allelic variation combinations to wheat quality through genotyping and phenotyping, including grain hardness, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, lipoxygenase (LOX) activity, yellow pigment (YP) content and protein content. In terms of flour milling quality, Chinese wheat varieties were mainly carrying Pina-D1a/Pinb-D1b, accounting for 32.0% of the total tested varieties, while the CIMMYT wheat lines were mainly carrying Pina-D1b/Pinb-D1a with 45.8% of the total collection. The distribution frequencies of subunit 1/2* and 5 + 10 were 47.0% and 42.5%, respectively, in CIMMYT varieties, however they were only 31.4% and 13.7% respectively of the Chinese wheat tested varieties. In addition, the proportion of phytoene synthase (PSY) allele, PPO allele and LOX active allele were roughly the same between Chinese and CIMMYT varieties. Based on the present study, we found that Pina gene had a greater impact on grain hardness value than Pinb gene; The influence of PPO-A1 gene on polyphenol oxidase activity was more significant than PPO-D1 gene. The high protein content of varieties mostly containing hardness genes and 1/2*/5 + 10 subunit combinations. Based on the present study, we found that the quality gene distribution of Chinese and CIMMYT varieties was quite different, for instance, the high-quality HMW-GS subunits of Chinese varieties were lower than CIMMYT lines. It will be much useful for Chinese wheat breeders to develop good quality wheat variety by crossing with 3 good strong gluten CIMMYT wheat lines by molecular marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Liu
- Institute of Crop Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agri-Reclamation Sciences, Key Lab of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps for Cereal Quality Research and Genetic Improvement, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuruo Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shanshan Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Ren
- Mianyang Institute of Agricultural Science, Crop Characteristic Resources Creation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang City, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Sang
- Institute of Crop Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agri-Reclamation Sciences, Key Lab of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps for Cereal Quality Research and Genetic Improvement, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hongjun Xu
- Institute of Crop Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agri-Reclamation Sciences, Key Lab of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps for Cereal Quality Research and Genetic Improvement, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xinnian Han
- Institute of Crop Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agri-Reclamation Sciences, Key Lab of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps for Cereal Quality Research and Genetic Improvement, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Fengjuan Cui
- Institute of Crop Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agri-Reclamation Sciences, Key Lab of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps for Cereal Quality Research and Genetic Improvement, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yingbin Nie
- Institute of Crop Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agri-Reclamation Sciences, Key Lab of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps for Cereal Quality Research and Genetic Improvement, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dezhen Kong
- Institute of Crop Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agri-Reclamation Sciences, Key Lab of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps for Cereal Quality Research and Genetic Improvement, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Crop Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agri-Reclamation Sciences, Key Lab of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps for Cereal Quality Research and Genetic Improvement, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Caixia Lan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Peiyuan Mu
- Institute of Crop Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agri-Reclamation Sciences, Key Lab of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps for Cereal Quality Research and Genetic Improvement, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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Zhai S, Liu H, Xia X, Li H, Cao X, He Z, Ma W, Liu C, Song J, Liu A, Zhang J, Liu J. Functional analysis of polyphenol oxidase 1 gene in common wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1171839. [PMID: 37583591 PMCID: PMC10424926 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1171839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity is a major cause of the undesirable brown color of wheat-based products. Ppo1, a major gene for PPO activity, was cloned based on sequence homology in previous studies; however, its function and regulation mechanism remain unclear. In this study, the function and genetic regulation of Ppo1 were analyzed using RNA interference (RNAi) and Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING) technology, and superior mutants were identified. Compared with the control, the level of Ppo1 transcript in RNAi transgenic lines was drastically decreased by 15.5%-60.9% during grain development, and PPO activity was significantly reduced by 12.9%-20.4%, confirming the role of Ppo1 in PPO activity. Thirty-two Ppo1 mutants were identified in the ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized population, including eight missense mutations, 16 synonymous mutations, and eight intron mutations. The expression of Ppo1 was reduced significantly by 6.7%-37.1% and 10.1%-54.4% in mutants M092141 (G311S) and M091098 (G299R), respectively, in which PPO activity was decreased by 29.7% and 28.8%, respectively, indicating that mutation sites of two mutants have important effects on PPO1 function. Sequence and structure analysis revealed that the two sites were highly conserved among 74 plant species, where the frequency of glycine was 94.6% and 100%, respectively, and adjacent to the entrance of the hydrophobic pocket of the active site. The M092141 and M091098 mutants can be used as important germplasms to develop wheat cultivars with low grain PPO activity. This study provided important insights into the molecular mechanism of Ppo1 and the genetic improvement of wheat PPO activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Zhai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Australian-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Xianchun Xia
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haosheng Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyou Cao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhonghu He
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wujun Ma
- Australian-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Cheng Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jianmin Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Aifeng Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jingjuan Zhang
- Australian-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jianjun Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
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Filip E, Woronko K, Stępień E, Czarniecka N. An Overview of Factors Affecting the Functional Quality of Common Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087524. [PMID: 37108683 PMCID: PMC10142556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important crops worldwide, and, as a resilient cereal, it grows in various climatic zones. Due to changing climatic conditions and naturally occurring environmental fluctuations, the priority problem in the cultivation of wheat is to improve the quality of the crop. Biotic and abiotic stressors are known factors leading to the deterioration of wheat grain quality and to crop yield reduction. The current state of knowledge on wheat genetics shows significant progress in the analysis of gluten, starch, and lipid genes responsible for the synthesis of the main nutrients in the endosperm of common wheat grain. By identifying these genes through transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics studies, we influence the creation of high-quality wheat. In this review, previous works were assessed to investigate the significance of genes, puroindolines, starches, lipids, and the impact of environmental factors, as well as their effects on the wheat grain quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Filip
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 13 Wąska, 71-415 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Woronko
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 13 Wąska, 71-415 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Edyta Stępień
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Adama Mickiewicza 16, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Czarniecka
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 13 Wąska, 71-415 Szczecin, Poland
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Kong Y, Liu Y, Li W, Du H, Li X, Zhang C. Allelic Variation in GmPAP14 Alters Gene Expression to Affect Acid Phosphatase Activity in Soybean. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065398. [PMID: 36982472 PMCID: PMC10049298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Improvement in acid phosphatase (APase) activity is considered as an important approach to enhance phosphorus (P) utilization in crops. Here, GmPAP14 was significantly induced by low P (LP), and its transcription level in ZH15 (P efficient soybean) was higher than in NMH (P inefficient soybean) under LP conditions. Further analyses demonstrated that there were several variations in gDNA (G-GmPAP14Z and G-GmPAP14N) and the promoters (P-GmPAP14Z and P-GmPAP14N) of GmPAP14, which might bring about differential transcriptional levels of GmPAP14 in ZH15 and NMH. Histochemical staining measurements revealed that a stronger GUS signal was present in transgenic Arabidopsis with P-GmPAP14Z under LP and normal P (NP) conditions compared with the P-GmPAP14N plant. Functional research demonstrated that transgenic Arabidopsis with G-GmPAP14Z had a higher level of GmPAP14 expression than the G-GmPAP14N plant. Meanwhile, higher APase activity was also observed in the G-GmPAP14Z plant, which led to increases in shoot weight and P content. Additionally, validation of variation in 68 soybean accessions showed that varieties with Del36 displayed higher APase activities than the del36 plant. Thus, these results uncovered that allelic variation in GmPAP14 predominantly altered gene expression to influence APase activity, which provided a possible direction for research of this gene in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youbin Kong
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Wenlong Li
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Hui Du
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Xihuan Li
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Caiying Zhang
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Correspondence:
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Suzuki T, Yoshimura Y, Ohnishi S, Jinno H, Sonoda T, Kasuya M, Souma C, Inoue T, Kurushima M, Sugawara A, Maeno S, Komatsuda T. Wheat yellow mosaic virus resistant line, 'Kitami-94', developed by introgression of two resistance genes from the cultivar 'Madsen'. BREEDING SCIENCE 2022; 72:297-305. [PMID: 36699820 PMCID: PMC9868331 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.21101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
'Kitahonami' is a soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar that has high yield, good agronomic performance and good quality characteristics. It currently accounts for 73% of the wheat cultivation area of Hokkaido the northern island in Japan and 42% of Japan's overall wheat cultivation. However, this cultivar is susceptible to Wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV). WYMV has become widespread recently, with serious virus damage reported in Tokachi and Ohotsuku districts, which are the main wheat production areas in Hokkaido. Here, we report a new wheat breeding line 'Kitami-94', which was developed over four years by repeated backcrossing with 'Kitahonami' using DNA markers for WYMV resistance linked to the Qym1 and Qym2 from 'Madsen'. Basic maps of Qym1 and Qym2 were created and used to confirm that 'Kitami-94' reliably carried the two resistance genes. 'Kitami-94' demonstrated WYMV resistance, and had agronomic traits and quality equivalent to 'Kitahonami' except for higher polyphenol oxidase activity and lower thousand grain weight. 'Kitami-94' may be useful for elucidating the mechanism of WYMV resistance in the background of 'Kitahonami', and for developing new cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Suzuki
- Hokkaido Research Organization Central Agricultural Experiment Station (AES), Naganuma, Yubari-gun, Hokkaido 069-1395, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshimura
- Hokkaido Research Organization Kitami AES, Kunneppu, Tokoro-gun, Hokkaido 099-1496, Japan
| | - Shizen Ohnishi
- Hokkaido Research Organization Kitami AES, Kunneppu, Tokoro-gun, Hokkaido 099-1496, Japan
| | - Hironobu Jinno
- Hokkaido Research Organization Kitami AES, Kunneppu, Tokoro-gun, Hokkaido 099-1496, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sonoda
- Hokkaido Research Organization Kitami AES, Kunneppu, Tokoro-gun, Hokkaido 099-1496, Japan
| | - Masashi Kasuya
- Hokkaido Research Organization Kitami AES, Kunneppu, Tokoro-gun, Hokkaido 099-1496, Japan
| | - Chihiro Souma
- Hokkaido Research Organization Central Agricultural Experiment Station (AES), Naganuma, Yubari-gun, Hokkaido 069-1395, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Inoue
- Hokkaido Research Organization Central Agricultural Experiment Station (AES), Naganuma, Yubari-gun, Hokkaido 069-1395, Japan
- Hokkaido Research Organization Kamikawa AES, Pippu Kamikawa-gun, Hokkaido 078-0311, Japan
| | - Masatomo Kurushima
- Hokkaido Research Organization Kamikawa AES, Pippu Kamikawa-gun, Hokkaido 078-0311, Japan
| | - Akira Sugawara
- Hokkaido Research Organization Tokachi AES, Memuro, Kasai-gun, Hokkaido 082-0081, Japan
| | - Shinji Maeno
- Hokkaido Research Organization Central Agricultural Experiment Station (AES), Naganuma, Yubari-gun, Hokkaido 069-1395, Japan
| | - Takao Komatsuda
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
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Hu J, Xiao G, Jiang P, Zhao Y, Zhang G, Ma X, Yao J, Xue L, Su P, Bao Y. QTL detection for bread wheat processing quality in a nested association mapping population of semi-wild and domesticated wheat varieties. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:129. [PMID: 35313801 PMCID: PMC8935700 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03523-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat processing quality is an important factor in evaluating overall wheat quality, and dough characteristics are important when assessing the processing quality of wheat. As a notable germplasm resource, semi-wild wheat has a key role in the study of wheat processing quality. RESULTS In this study, four dough rheological characteristics were collected in four environments using a nested association mapping (NAM) population consisting of semi-wild and domesticated wheat varieties to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for wheat processing quality. A total of 49 QTL for wheat processing quality were detected, explaining 0.36-10.82% of the phenotypic variation. These QTL were located on all wheat chromosomes except for 2D, 3A, 3D, 6B, 6D and 7D. Compared to previous studies, 29 QTL were newly identified. Four novel QTL, QMlPH-1B.4, QMlPH-3B.4, QWdEm-1B.2 and QWdEm-3B.2, were stably identified in three or more environments, among which QMlPH-3B.4 was a major QTL. Moreover, eight important genetic regions for wheat processing quality were identified on chromosomes 1B, 3B and 4D, which showed pleiotropy for dough characteristics. In addition, out of 49 QTL, 15 favorable alleles came from three semi-wild parents, suggesting that the QTL alleles provided by the semi-wild parent were not utilized in domesticated varieties. CONCLUSIONS The results show that semi-wild wheat varieties can enrich the existing wheat gene pool and provide broader variation resources for wheat genetic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018 The People’s Republic of China
| | - Guilian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018 The People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018 The People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018 The People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangxu Zhang
- Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222000 The People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018 The People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Yao
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Shandong Province, Yantai, 265500 The People’s Republic of China
| | - Lixia Xue
- Agricultural Technology Station, Sunwu Sub-district Office, Huimin County, Shandong Province 251700 Binzhou, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Peisen Su
- College of Agriculture, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059 The People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinguang Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018 The People’s Republic of China
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Hao S, Lou H, Wang H, Shi J, Liu D, Baogerile, Tao J, Miao S, Pei Q, Yu L, Wu M, Gao M, Zhao N, Dong J, You M, Xin M. Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals the Genetic Basis of Five Quality Traits in Chinese Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:835306. [PMID: 35310636 PMCID: PMC8928432 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.835306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Bread wheat is a highly adaptable food crop grown extensively around the world and its quality genetic improvement has received wide attention. In this study, the genetic loci associated with five quality traits including protein content (PC), gluten content (GC), baking value (BV), grain hardness (HA), and sedimentation value (SV) in a population of 253 Chinese wheat grown in Inner Mongolia were investigated through genome wide association mapping. A total of 103 QTL containing 556 SNPs were significantly related to the five quality traits based on the phenotypic data collected from three environments and BLUP data. Of these QTL, 32 QTL were continuously detected under at least two experiments. Some QTL such as qBV3D.2/qHA3D.2 on 3D, qPC5A.3/qGC5A on 5A, qBV5D/qHA5D on 5D, qBV6B.2/qHA6B.3 on 6B, and qBV6D/qHA6D.1 on 6D were associated with multiple traits. In addition, distribution of favorable alleles of the stable QTL in the association panel and their effects on five quality traits were validated. Analysis of existing transcriptome data revealed that 34 genes were specifically highly expressed in grains during reproductive growth stages. The functions of these genes will be characterized in future experiments. This study provides novel insights into the genetic basis of quality traits in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiyuan Hao
- College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Safety Production and Early Warning Control Laboratory of Green Agricultural Products in Hetao Region, Hetao College, Bayannur, China
| | - Hongyao Lou
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijng Academy of Agriculture Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiwei Wang
- Department of Agriculture, Hetao College, Bayannur, China
| | - Jinghong Shi
- Department of Agriculture, Hetao College, Bayannur, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Medicine, Hetao College, Bayannur, China
| | - Baogerile
- Department of Library, Hetao College, Bayannur, China
| | - Jianguang Tao
- Bayannur City Meteorological Bureau, Bayannur, China
| | - Sanming Miao
- Bureau of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of Linhe District of Bayannur, Bayannur, China
| | - Qunce Pei
- Bureau of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of Linhe District of Bayannur, Bayannur, China
| | - Liangliang Yu
- Bayannur City Meteorological Bureau, Bayannur, China
| | - Min Wu
- Bureau of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of Urat Middle Banner of Bayannur, Bayannur, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Agriculture, Hetao College, Bayannur, China
| | - Naihu Zhao
- Department of Agriculture, Hetao College, Bayannur, China
| | - Jinchao Dong
- Department of Agriculture, Hetao College, Bayannur, China
| | - Mingshan You
- College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingming Xin
- College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Taranto F, Mangini G, Miazzi MM, Stevanato P, De Vita P. Polyphenol oxidase genes as integral part of the evolutionary history of domesticated tetraploid wheat. Genomics 2021; 113:2989-3001. [PMID: 34182080 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Studying and understanding the genetic basis of polyphenol oxidases (PPO)-related traits plays a crucial role in genetic improvement of crops. A tetraploid wheat collection (T. turgidum ssp., TWC) was analyzed using the 90K wheat SNP iSelect assay and phenotyped for PPO activity. A total of 21,347 polymorphic SNPs were used to perform genome-wide association analysis (GWA) in TWC and durum wheat sub-groups, detecting 23 and 85 marker-trait associations (MTA). In addition, candidate genes responsible for PPO activity were predicted. Based on the 23 MTAs detected in TWC, two haplotypes associated with low and high PPO activity were identified. Four SNPs were developed and validated providing one reliable marker (IWB75732) for marker assisted selection. The 23 MTAs were used to evaluate the genetic divergence (FST > 0.25) between the T. turgidum subspecies, providing new information important for understanding the domestication process of Triticum turgidum ssp. and in particular of ssp. carthlicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Taranto
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), 80055 Portici, NA, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Mangini
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), 70126 Bari, BA, Italy.
| | - Monica Marilena Miazzi
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Pasquale De Vita
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), 71122 Foggia, Italy
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13
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Genome wide association study of the whiteness and colour related traits of flour and dough sheets in common wheat. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8790. [PMID: 33888831 PMCID: PMC8062544 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88241-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Flour whiteness and colour are important factors that influence the quality of wheat flour and end-use products. In this study, a genome wide association study focusing on flour and dough sheet colour using a high density genetic map constructed with 90K single nucleotide polymorphism arrays in a panel of 205 elite winter wheat accessions was conducted in two different locations in 2 years. Eighty-six significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) were detected for flour whiteness and the brightness index (L* value), the redness index (a* value), and the yellowness index (b* value) of flour and dough sheets (P < 10-4) on homologous group 1, 2, 5 and 7, and chromosomes 3A, 3B, 4A, 6A and 6B. Four, three, eleven, eleven MTAs for the flour whiteness, L* value, a* value, b* value, and one MTA for the dough sheet L* value were identified in more than one environment. Based on MATs, some important new candidate genes were identified. Of these, two candidate genes, TraesCS5D01G004300 and Gsp-1D, for BS00000020_51 were found in wheat, relating to grain hardness. Other candidate genes were associated with proteins, the fatty acid biosynthetic process, the ketone body biosynthetic process, etc.
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Zhang W, Zhao J, He J, Kang L, Wang X, Zhang F, Hao C, Ma X, Chen D. Functional gene assessment of bread wheat: breeding implications in Ningxia Province. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:103. [PMID: 33602134 PMCID: PMC7893757 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02870-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The overall genetic distribution and divergence of cloned genes among bread wheat varieties that have occurred during the breeding process over the past few decades in Ningxia Province, China, are poorly understood. Here, we report the genetic diversities of 44 important genes related to grain yield, quality, adaptation and resistance in 121 Ningxia and 86 introduced wheat cultivars and advanced lines. RESULTS The population structure indicated characteristics of genetic components of Ningxia wheat, including landraces of particular genetic resources, introduced varieties with rich genetic diversities and modern cultivars in different periods. Analysis of allele frequencies showed that the dwarfing alleles Rht-B1b at Rht-B1 and Rht-D1b at Rht-D1, 1BL/1RS translocation, Hap-1 at GW2-6B and Hap-H at Sus2-2B are very frequently present in modern Ningxia cultivars and in introduced varieties from other regions but absent in landraces. This indicates that the introduced wheat germplasm with numerous beneficial genes is vital for broadening the genetic diversity of Ningxia wheat varieties. Large population differentiation between modern cultivars and landraces has occurred in adaptation genes. Founder parents carry excellent allele combinations of important genes, with a higher number of favorable alleles than modern cultivars. Gene flow analysis showed that six founder parents have greatly contributed to breeding improvement in Ningxia Province, particularly Zhou 8425B, for yield-related genes. CONCLUSIONS Varieties introduced from other regions with rich genetic diversity and landraces with well-adapted genetic resources have been applied to improve modern cultivars. Founder parents, particularly Zhou 8425B, for yield-related genes have contributed greatly to wheat breeding improvement in Ningxia Province. These findings will greatly benefit bread wheat breeding in Ningxia Province as well as other areas with similar ecological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002 Ningxia China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Jinshang He
- Crop Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002 Ningxia China
| | - Ling Kang
- Crop Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002 Ningxia China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002 Ningxia China
| | - Fuguo Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002 Ningxia China
| | - Chenyang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Xiongfeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Dongsheng Chen
- Crop Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002 Ningxia China
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15
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In-depth genetic analysis reveals conditioning of polyphenol oxidase activity in wheat grains by cis regulation of TaPPO2A-1 expression level. Genomics 2020; 112:4690-4700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Guo J, Li C, Zhao J, Guo J, Shi W, Cheng S, Zhou M, Hao C. Ecological genomics of Chinese wheat improvement: implications in breeding for adaptation. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:494. [PMID: 33109100 PMCID: PMC7590805 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02704-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND China has diverse wheat varieties that adapt to very different environments divided into ten agro-ecological zones. A better understanding of genomic differences and patterns of selection among agro-ecological zones could provide useful information in selection of specific adaptive traits in breeding. RESULTS We genotyped 438 wheat accessions from ten zones with kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) markers specific to 47 cloned genes for grain yield, quality, adaptation and stress resistance. Phylogenetic trees and principle component analysis revealed clear differences in winter and spring growth habits. Nucleotide diversity (π) and π ratio (πCL/πMCC) suggested that genetic diversity had increased during breeding, and that Chinese landraces (CL) from Zones I-V contributed little to modern Chinese cultivars (MCC). π ratio and Fst identified 24 KASP markers with 53 strong selection signals specific to Zones I (9 signals), II (12), III (5), IV (5), V (6), and VI (6). Genes with clear genetic differentiation and strong response to selection in at least three zones were leaf rust resistance gene Lr34 (I, II, III and IV), photoperiod sensitivity gene Ppd-D1 (I, II, III, IV and V), vernalization gene Vrn-B1 (V, VII, VIII and X), quality-related gene Glu-B1 (I, II and III) and yield-related genes Sus1-7B (I, II, III, IV and IX), Sus2-2A (I, II, III., IV and VI) and GW2-6B (II, V and VI). CONCLUSIONS This study examined selection of multiple genes in each zone, traced the distribution of important genetic variations and provided useful information for ecological genomics and enlightening future breeding goals for different agro-ecological zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Guo
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Chang Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiahui Guo
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Weiping Shi
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Shunhe Cheng
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Middle and Lower Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lixiahe Agricultural Institute of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225007, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meixue Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, Shanxi, China
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 1375, Prospect, TAS, 7250, Australia
| | - Chenyang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Wu Y, Li M, He Z, Dreisigacker S, Wen W, Jin H, Zhai S, Li F, Gao F, Liu J, Wang R, Zhang P, Wan Y, Cao S, Xia X. Development and validation of high-throughput and low-cost STARP assays for genes underpinning economically important traits in wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2020; 133:2431-2450. [PMID: 32451598 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03609-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We developed and validated 56 gene-specific semi-thermal asymmetric reverse PCR (STARP) markers for 46 genes of important wheat quality, biotic and abiotic stress resistance, grain yield, and adaptation-related traits for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding. Development of high-throughput, low-cost, gene-specific molecular markers is important for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding. In this study, we developed 56 gene-specific semi-thermal asymmetric reverse PCR (STARP) markers for wheat quality, tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, grain yield, and adaptation-related traits. The STARP assays were validated by (1) comparison of the assays with corresponding diagnostic STS/CAPS markers on 40 diverse wheat cultivars and (2) characterization of allelic effects based on the phenotypic and genotypic data of three segregating populations and 305 diverse wheat accessions from China and 13 other countries. The STARP assays showed the advantages of high-throughput, accuracy, flexibility, simple assay design, low operational costs, and platform compatibility. The state-of-the-art assays of this study provide a robust and reliable molecular marker toolkit for wheat breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Wu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ming Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhonghu He
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) China Office, c/o CAAS, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Susanne Dreisigacker
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Weie Wen
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi, 563099, Guizhou, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 368 Xuefu Street, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shengnan Zhai
- Crop Research Institute, National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongye North Road, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Faji Li
- Crop Research Institute, National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongye North Road, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Fengmei Gao
- Crop Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 368 Xuefu Street, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jindong Liu
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 7 Pengfei Road, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongge Wang
- Farm of Seed Production of Gaoyi County, Gaoyi, 051330, Hebei, China
| | - Pingzhi Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 40 Nongke South Street, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Yingxiu Wan
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 40 Nongke South Street, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Shuanghe Cao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xianchun Xia
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Rasheed A, Takumi S, Hassan MA, Imtiaz M, Ali M, Morgunov AI, Mahmood T, He Z. Appraisal of wheat genomics for gene discovery and breeding applications: a special emphasis on advances in Asia. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2020; 133:1503-1520. [PMID: 31897516 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03523-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We discussed the most recent efforts in wheat functional genomics to discover new genes and their deployment in breeding with special emphasis on advances in Asian countries. Wheat research community is making significant progress to bridge genotype-to-phenotype gap and then applying this knowledge in genetic improvement. The advances in genomics and phenomics have intrigued wheat researchers in Asia to make best use of this knowledge in gene and trait discovery. These advancements include, but not limited to, map-based gene cloning, translational genomics, gene mapping, association genetics, gene editing and genomic selection. We reviewed more than 57 homeologous genes discovered underpinning important traits and multiple strategies used for their discovery. Further, the complementary advancements in wheat phenomics and analytical approaches to understand the genetics of wheat adaptability, resilience to climate extremes and resistance to pest and diseases were discussed. The challenge to build a gold standard reference genome sequence of bread wheat is now achieved and several de novo reference sequences from the cultivars representing different gene pools will be available soon. New pan-genome sequencing resources of wheat will strengthen the foundation required for accelerated gene discovery and provide more opportunities to practice the knowledge-based breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awais Rasheed
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China.
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), CAAS, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China.
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Shigeo Takumi
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai 1-1, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Muhammad Adeel Hassan
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Muhammad Imtiaz
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) Pakistan office, c/o National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Ali
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Alex I Morgunov
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Yenimahalle, Ankara, 06170, Turkey
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Zhonghu He
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), CAAS, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
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Li B, Lu X, Gebremeskel H, Zhao S, He N, Yuan P, Gong C, Mohammed U, Liu W. Genetic Mapping and Discovery of the Candidate Gene for Black Seed Coat Color in Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 10:1689. [PMID: 32038674 PMCID: PMC6987421 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Seed coat color is an important trait highly affecting the seed quality and flesh appearance of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). However, the molecular regulation mechanism of seed coat color in watermelon is still unclear. In the present study, genetic analysis was performed by evaluating F1, F2 and BC1 populations derived from two parental lines (9904 with light yellow seeds and Handel with black seeds), suggesting that a single dominant gene controls the black seed coat. The initial mapping result revealed a region of interest spanning 370 kb on chromosome 3. Genetic mapping with CAPS and SNP markers narrowed down the candidate region to 70.2 kb. Sequence alignment of the three putative genes in the candidate region suggested that there was a single-nucleotide insertion in the coding region of Cla019481 in 9904, resulting in a frameshift mutation and premature stop codon. The results indicated that Cla019481 named ClCS1 was the candidate gene for black seed coat color in watermelon. In addition, gene annotation revealed that Cla019481 encoded a polyphenol oxidase (PPO), which involved in the oxidation step of the melanin biosynthesis. This research finding will facilitate maker-assisted selection in watermelon and provide evidence for the study of black seed coat coloration in plants.
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Luján Basile SM, Ramírez IA, Crescente JM, Conde MB, Demichelis M, Abbate P, Rogers WJ, Pontaroli AC, Helguera M, Vanzetti LS. Haplotype block analysis of an Argentinean hexaploid wheat collection and GWAS for yield components and adaptation. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:553. [PMID: 31842779 PMCID: PMC6916457 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2015-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production is required to feed a growing human population. In order to accomplish this task a deeper understanding of the genetic structure of cultivated wheats and the detection of genomic regions significantly associated with the regulation of important agronomic traits are necessary steps. To better understand the genetic basis and relationships of adaptation and yield related traits, we used a collection of 102 Argentinean hexaploid wheat cultivars genotyped with the 35k SNPs array, grown from two to six years in three different locations. Based on SNPs data and gene-related molecular markers, we performed a haplotype block characterization of the germplasm and a genome-wide association study (GWAS). RESULTS The genetic structure of the collection revealed four subpopulations, reflecting the origin of the germplasm used by the main breeding programs in Argentina. The haplotype block characterization showed 1268 blocks of different sizes spread along the genome, including highly conserved regions like the 1BS chromosome arm where the 1BL/1RS wheat/rye translocation is located. Based on GWAS we identified ninety-seven chromosome regions associated with heading date, plant height, thousand grain weight, grain number per spike and fruiting efficiency at harvest (FEh). In particular FEh stands out as a promising trait to raise yield potential in Argentinean wheats; we detected fifteen haplotypes/markers associated with increased FEh values, eleven of which showed significant effects in all three evaluated locations. In the case of adaptation, the Ppd-D1 gene is consolidated as the main determinant of the life cycle of Argentinean wheat cultivars. CONCLUSION This work reveals the genetic structure of the Argentinean hexaploid wheat germplasm using a wide set of molecular markers anchored to the Ref Seq v1.0. Additionally GWAS detects chromosomal regions (haplotypes) associated with important yield and adaptation components that will allow improvement of these traits through marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Marisol Luján Basile
- Laboratorio de Biología Funcional y Biotecnología (BIOLAB)-INBIOTEC-CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, UNCPBA., Av. República de Italia, Azul, 7300 Argentina
| | - Ignacio Abel Ramírez
- Unidad Integrada Balcarce Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata - Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología, Ruta 226, km 73.5, Balcarce, 24105 Argentina
| | - Juan Manuel Crescente
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, EEA INTA Marcos Juárez, Grupo Biotecnología y Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Ruta 12 s/n, Marcos Juárez, 2580 Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)., Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Belén Conde
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, EEA INTA Marcos Juárez, Grupo Biotecnología y Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Ruta 12 s/n, Marcos Juárez, 2580 Argentina
| | - Melina Demichelis
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, EEA INTA Marcos Juárez, Grupo Biotecnología y Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Ruta 12 s/n, Marcos Juárez, 2580 Argentina
| | - Pablo Abbate
- Unidad Integrada Balcarce Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata - Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología, Ruta 226, km 73.5, Balcarce, 24105 Argentina
| | - William John Rogers
- Laboratorio de Biología Funcional y Biotecnología (BIOLAB)-INBIOTEC-CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, UNCPBA., Av. República de Italia, Azul, 7300 Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)., Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Clara Pontaroli
- Unidad Integrada Balcarce Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata - Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología, Ruta 226, km 73.5, Balcarce, 24105 Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)., Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Helguera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, EEA INTA Marcos Juárez, Grupo Biotecnología y Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Ruta 12 s/n, Marcos Juárez, 2580 Argentina
| | - Leonardo Sebastián Vanzetti
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, EEA INTA Marcos Juárez, Grupo Biotecnología y Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Ruta 12 s/n, Marcos Juárez, 2580 Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)., Buenos Aires, Argentina
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21
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Colasuonno P, Marcotuli I, Blanco A, Maccaferri M, Condorelli GE, Tuberosa R, Parada R, de Camargo AC, Schwember AR, Gadaleta A. Carotenoid Pigment Content in Durum Wheat ( Triticum turgidum L. var durum): An Overview of Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1347. [PMID: 31787991 PMCID: PMC6853866 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoid pigment content is an important quality trait as it confers a natural bright yellow color to pasta preferred by consumers (whiteness vs. yellowness) and nutrients, such as provitamin A and antioxidants, essential for human diet. The main goal of the present review is to summarize the knowledge about the genetic regulation of the accumulation of pigment content in durum wheat grain and describe the genetic improvements obtained by using breeding approaches in the last two decades. Although carotenoid pigment content is a quantitative character regulated by various genes with additive effects, its high heritability has facilitated the durum breeding progress for this quality trait. Mapping research for yellow index and yellow pigment content has identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) on all wheat chromosomes. The major QTL, accounting for up to 60%, were mapped on 7L homoeologous chromosome arms, and they are explained by allelic variations of the phytoene synthase (PSY) genes. Minor QTL were detected on all chromosomes and associated to significant molecular markers, indicating the complexity of the trait. Despite there being currently a better knowledge of the mechanisms controlling carotenoid content and composition, there are gaps that require further investigation and bridging to better understand the genetic architecture of this important trait. The development and the utilization of molecular markers in marker-assisted selection (MAS) programs for improving grain quality have been reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasqualina Colasuonno
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science (DISAAT), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Marcotuli
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science (DISAAT), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Blanco
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science (DISAAT), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Maccaferri
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Tuberosa
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Parada
- Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Adriano Costa de Camargo
- Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés R. Schwember
- Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Agata Gadaleta
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science (DISAAT), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
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22
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Chen J, Zhang F, Zhao C, Lv G, Sun C, Pan Y, Guo X, Chen F. Genome-wide association study of six quality traits reveals the association of the TaRPP13L1 gene with flour colour in Chinese bread wheat. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:2106-2122. [PMID: 30963678 PMCID: PMC6790371 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Flour colour, kernel hardness, grain protein content and wet gluten content are important quality properties that determine end use in bread wheat. Here, a wheat 90K genotyping assay was used for a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of the six quality-related traits in Chinese wheat cultivars in eight environments over four years. A total of 846 significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified, explaining approximately 30% of the phenotypic variation on average, and 103 multienvironment-significant SNPs were detected in more than four environments. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping in the biparent population confirmed some important SNP loci. Moreover, it was determined that some important genes were associated with the six quality traits, including some known functional genes and annotated unknown functional genes. Of the annotated unknown functional genes, it was verified that TaRPP13L1 was associated with flour colour. Wheat cultivars or lines with TaRPP13L1-B1a showed extremely significantly higher flour redness and lower yellowness than those with TaRPP13L1-B1b in the Chinese wheat natural population and the doubled haploid (DH) population. Two tetraploid wheat lines with premature stop codons of the TaRPP13L1 gene mutagenized by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) showed extremely significantly higher flour redness and lower yellowness than wild type. Our data suggest that the TaRPP13L1 gene plays an important role in modulating wheat flour colour. This study provides useful information for further dissection of the genetic basis of flour colour and also provides valuable genes or genetic loci for marker-assisted selection to improve the process of breeding quality wheat in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops/Agronomy CollegeHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Fuyan Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences/Isotope Institute Co., LtdHenan Academy of SciencesZhengzhouChina
| | - Chunjiang Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab of Digital PlantBeijing Research Center for Information Technology in AgricultureBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Guoguo Lv
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops/Agronomy CollegeHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Congwei Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops/Agronomy CollegeHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yubo Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops/Agronomy CollegeHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xinyu Guo
- Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in AgricultureBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Feng Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops/Agronomy CollegeHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
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Johnson M, Kumar A, Oladzad-Abbasabadi A, Salsman E, Aoun M, Manthey FA, Elias EM. Association Mapping for 24 Traits Related to Protein Content, Gluten Strength, Color, Cooking, and Milling Quality Using Balanced and Unbalanced Data in Durum Wheat [ Triticum turgidum L. var. durum (Desf).]. Front Genet 2019; 10:717. [PMID: 31475032 PMCID: PMC6706462 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Durum wheat [Triticum durum (Desf).] is mostly used to produce pasta, couscous, and bulgur. The quality of the grain and end-use products determine its market value. However, quality tests are highly resource intensive and almost impossible to conduct in the early generations in the breeding program. Modern genomics-based tools provide an excellent opportunity to genetically dissect complex quality traits to expedite cultivar development using molecular breeding approaches. This study used a panel of 243 cultivars and advanced breeding lines developed during the last 20 years to identify SNPs associated with 24 traits related to nutritional value and quality. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified a total of 179 marker-trait associations (MTAs), located in 95 genomic regions belonging to all 14 durum wheat chromosomes. Major and stable QTLs were identified for gluten strength on chromosomes 1A and 1B, and for PPO activity on chromosomes 1A, 2B, 3A, and 3B. As a large amount of unbalance phenotypic data are generated every year on advanced lines in all the breeding programs, the applicability of such a dataset for identification of MTAs remains unclear. We observed that ∼84% of the MTAs identified using a historic unbalanced dataset (belonging to a total of 80 environments collected over a period of 16 years) were also identified in a balanced dataset. This suggests the suitability of historic unbalanced phenotypic data to identify beneficial MTAs to facilitate local-knowledge-based breeding. In addition to providing extensive knowledge about the genetics of quality traits, association mapping identified several candidate markers to assist durum wheat quality improvement through molecular breeding. The molecular markers associated with important traits could be extremely useful in the development of improved quality durum wheat cultivars using marker-assisted selection (MAS).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Elias M. Elias
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
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24
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Wang Y, Hou J, Liu H, Li T, Wang K, Hao C, Liu H, Zhang X. TaBT1, affecting starch synthesis and thousand kernel weight, underwent strong selection during wheat improvement. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:1497-1511. [PMID: 30753656 PMCID: PMC6411380 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BRITTLE1 (BT1), responsible for unidirectional transmembrane transport of ADP-glucose, plays a pivotal role in starch synthesis of cereal grain. In this study, we isolated three TaBT1 homoeologous genes located on chromosomes 6A, 6B, and 6D in common wheat. TaBT1 was mainly expressed in developing grains, and knockdown of TaBT1 in common wheat produced a decrease in grain size, thousand kernel weight (TKW), and grain total starch content. High diversity was detected at the TaBT1-6B locus, with 24 polymorphic sites forming three haplotypes (Hap1, Hap2, and Hap3). Association analysis revealed that Hap1 and Hap2 were preferred haplotypes in modern breeding, for their significant correlations with higher TKW. Furthermore, β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining and enzyme activity assays in developing grains of transgenic rice with exogenous promoters indicated that the promoters of Hap1 and Hap2 showed stronger driving activity than that of Hap3. Evolutionary analysis revealed that BT1 underwent strong selection during wheat polyploidization. In addition, the frequency distribution of TaBT1-6B haplotypes revealed that Hap1 and Hap2 were preferred in global modern wheat cultivars. Our findings suggest that TaBT1 has an important effect on starch synthesis and TKW, and provide two valuable molecular markers for marker assisted selection (MAS) in wheat high-yield breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Jian Hou
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Center and National Key Lab of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tian Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Chenyang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Xueyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Correspondence:
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25
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Morris CF. Determinants of wheat noodle color. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:5171-5180. [PMID: 29770453 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Noodles are a leading food in the world, and color is a key determinant of consumer acceptance. In this review the two prominent forms of wheat noodles are considered: white salted and alkaline. Many of the preparation and evaluation strategies are the same for both, with prominence placed on 'brightness' (L*) or a lack of discoloration (ΔL*), and the absence of 'specks.' All raw noodles darken over time. Increasing the protein content of flours almost always translates into darker noodles. Greater discoloration is also associated with higher flour extraction rates, higher ash contents, and higher starch damage. Increasing storage time, dough water absorption, and temperature all often lead to greater discoloration. There is a large range in noodle color variation, and much of this variation is associated with genetics. Consequently, much research has been devoted to methods of screening germplasm, either as whole seeds, meals, flours, or noodle sheets. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is a primary culprit in noodle discoloration and has guided much of the research on noodle color. It is now possible to select germplasm with very low levels of PPO through the use of efficacious phenotype screens and the use of molecular markers. The success of this research has provided the opportunity to select wheat breeding lines with nil PPO activity, and to combine favorable alleles at multiple PPO loci. Yet, when noodles are prepared, we continue to observe discoloration. As our ability to minimize PPO activity increases, this 'non-PPO' discoloration has become more important. Perhaps the 'holy grail' is a noodle that never discolors, and has the 'perfect' level of a* (redness, zero?) and b* (yellowness/creaminess). Published 2018. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig F Morris
- USDA-ARS Western Wheat Quality Laboratory, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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Nominchuluun K, Yadamsuren M, Mandakh A, Munkhbat T, Chun JB, Park CS, Cho SW. Identification of Genetic Variation of Mongolian Wheat Using Allele-Specific DNA Markers Related to Wheat Quality. RUSS J GENET+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795418100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Alvarez JB, Guzmán C. Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization as a source of variation for wheat grain quality improvement. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2018; 131:225-251. [PMID: 29285597 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-017-3042-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The hybridization events with wild relatives and old varieties are an alternative source for enlarging the wheat quality variability. This review describes these process and their effects on the technological and nutritional quality. Wheat quality and its end-uses are mainly based on variation in three traits: grain hardness, gluten quality and starch. In recent times, the importance of nutritional quality and health-related aspects has increased the range of these traits with the inclusion of other grain components such as vitamins, fibre and micronutrients. One option to enlarge the genetic variability in wheat for all these components has been the use of wild relatives, together with underutilised or neglected wheat varieties or species. In the current review, we summarise the role of each grain component in relation to grain quality, their variation in modern wheat and the alternative sources in which wheat breeders have found novel variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan B Alvarez
- Departamento de Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, CeiA3, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Carlos Guzmán
- CIMMYT, Global Wheat Program, Km 45 Carretera México-Veracruz, El Batán, C.P. 56130, Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico
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28
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Li CX, Xu WG, Guo R, Zhang JZ, Qi XL, Hu L, Zhao MZ. Molecular marker assisted breeding and genome composition analysis of Zhengmai 7698, an elite winter wheat cultivar. Sci Rep 2018; 8:322. [PMID: 29321647 PMCID: PMC5762757 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Zhengmai 7698 is an elite winter wheat variety widely cultivated in the Southern regions of the Yellow-Huai River Valley of China. Here, we report the molecular markers used for breeding Zhengmai 7698 and the genome composition of this cultivar revealed using genome-wide SNPs. A total of 26 DNA markers derived from the genes controlling gluten protein quality, grain hardness, flour color, disease resistance, or pre-harvesting sprouting resistance were used during breeding. Consequently, Zhengmai 7698 had strong gluten, high grain hardness index, white flour color, and high levels of resistance to powdery mildew, stripe rust infections, and pre-harvesting sprouting. Using genome complexity reduction, 28,996 high-quality SNPs distributed on 21 wheat chromosomes were identified among Zhengmai 7698 and its three parental lines (4B269, Zhengmai 9405 and Zhoumai 16). Zhengmai 7698 shared 12,776, 14,411 and 16,085 SNPs with 4B269, Zhengmai 9405 and Zhoumai 16, respectively. Thus, the contributions of 4B269, Zhengmai 9405 and Zhoumai 16 to the genome of Zhengmai 7698 were comparable. Interestingly, Zhengmai 7698 had 307 unique SNPs that are absent in all three parents. We suggest that molecular markers facilitate selection of a wheat cultivar with multiple elite traits. Analysis of genome composition with SNPs may provide useful clues for further dissecting the genetic basis of improved wheat performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xin Li
- Molecular Breeding Laboratory, Wheat Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Wei-Gang Xu
- Molecular Breeding Laboratory, Wheat Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.
| | - Rui Guo
- Molecular Breeding Laboratory, Wheat Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Jian-Zhou Zhang
- Molecular Breeding Laboratory, Wheat Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Xue-Li Qi
- Molecular Breeding Laboratory, Wheat Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Lin Hu
- Molecular Breeding Laboratory, Wheat Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Ming-Zhong Zhao
- Molecular Breeding Laboratory, Wheat Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
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Wang J, Li R, Mao X, Jing R. Functional Analysis and Marker Development of TaCRT-D Gene in Common Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1557. [PMID: 28955354 PMCID: PMC5601976 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Calreticulin (CRT), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized Ca2+-binding/buffering protein, is highly conserved and extensively expressed in animal and plant cells. To understand the function of CRTs in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), particularly their roles in stress tolerance, we cloned the full-length genomic sequence of the TaCRT-D isoform from D genome of common hexaploid wheat, and characterized its function by transgenic Arabidopsis system. TaCRT-D exhibited different expression patterns in wheat seedling under different abiotic stresses. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing ORF of TaCRT-D displayed more tolerance to drought, cold, salt, mannitol, and other abiotic stresses at both seed germination and seedling stages, compared with the wild-type controls. Furthermore, DNA polymorphism analysis and gene mapping were employed to develop the functional markers of this gene for marker-assistant selection in wheat breeding program. One SNP, S440 (T→C) was detected at the TaCRT-D locus by genotyping a wheat recombinant inbred line (RIL) population (114 lines) developed from Opata 85 × W7984. The TaCRT-D was then fine mapped between markers Xgwm645 and Xgwm664 on chromosome 3DL, corresponding to genetic distances of 3.5 and 4.4 cM, respectively, using the RIL population and Chinese Spring nulli-tetrasomic lines. Finally, the genome-specific and allele-specific markers were developed for the TaCRT-D gene. These findings indicate that TaCRT-D function importantly in plant stress responses, providing a gene target for genetic engineering to increase plant stress tolerance and the functional markers of TaCRT-D for marker-assistant selection in wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiping Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhong, China
| | - Runzhi Li
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhong, China
| | - Xinguo Mao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Ruilian Jing
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
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30
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Taranto F, Pasqualone A, Mangini G, Tripodi P, Miazzi MM, Pavan S, Montemurro C. Polyphenol Oxidases in Crops: Biochemical, Physiological and Genetic Aspects. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E377. [PMID: 28208645 PMCID: PMC5343912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic browning is a colour reaction occurring in plants, including cereals, fruit and horticultural crops, due to oxidation during postharvest processing and storage. This has a negative impact on the colour, flavour, nutritional properties and shelf life of food products. Browning is usually caused by polyphenol oxidases (PPOs), following cell damage caused by senescence, wounding and the attack of pests and pathogens. Several studies indicated that PPOs play a role in plant immunity, and emerging evidence suggested that PPOs might also be involved in other physiological processes. Genomic investigations ultimately led to the isolation of PPO homologs in several crops, which will be possibly characterized at the functional level in the near future. Here, focusing on the botanic families of Poaceae and Solanaceae, we provide an overview on available scientific literature on PPOs, resulting in useful information on biochemical, physiological and genetic aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Taranto
- SINAGRI S.r.l.-Spin off dell'Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Antonella Pasqualone
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Mangini
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Pasquale Tripodi
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria, Centro di ricerca per l'orticoltura, 84098 Pontecagnano Faiano, Italy.
| | - Monica Marilena Miazzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Stefano Pavan
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Montemurro
- SINAGRI S.r.l.-Spin off dell'Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy.
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31
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Lee GA, Jeon YA, Lee HS, Hyun DY, Lee JR, Lee MC, Lee SY, Ma KH, Koh HJ. New Genetic Loci Associated with Preharvest Sprouting and Its Evaluation Based on the Model Equation in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1393. [PMID: 28848592 PMCID: PMC5550670 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Preharvest sprouting (PHS) in rice panicles is an important quantitative trait that causes both yield losses and the deterioration of grain quality under unpredictable moisture conditions at the ripening stage. However, the molecular mechanism underlying PHS has not yet been elucidated. Here, we explored the genetic loci associated with PHS in rice and formulated a model regression equation for rapid screening for use in breeding programs. After re-sequencing 21 representative accessions for PHS and performing enrichment analysis, we found that approximately 20,000 SNPs revealed distinct allelic distributions between PHS resistant and susceptible accessions. Of these, 39 candidate SNP loci were selected, including previously reported QTLs. We analyzed the genotypes of 144 rice accessions to determine the association between PHS and the 39 candidate SNP loci, 10 of which were identified as significantly affecting PHS based on allele type. Based on the allele types of the SNP loci, we constructed a regression equation for evaluating PHS, accounting for an R2 value of 0.401 in japonica rice. We validated this equation using additional accessions, which exhibited a significant R2 value of 0.430 between the predicted values and actual measurements. The newly detected SNP loci and the model equation could facilitate marker-assisted selection to predict PHS in rice germplasm and breeding lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi-An Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural SciencesJeonju, South Korea
- Department of Plant Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Ah Jeon
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural SciencesJeonju, South Korea
| | - Ho-Sun Lee
- International Technology Cooperation CenterJeonju, South Korea
| | - Do Yoon Hyun
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural SciencesJeonju, South Korea
| | - Jung-Ro Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural SciencesJeonju, South Korea
| | - Myung-Chul Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural SciencesJeonju, South Korea
| | - Sok-Young Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural SciencesJeonju, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Ho Ma
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural SciencesJeonju, South Korea
| | - Hee-Jong Koh
- Department of Plant Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hee-Jong Koh,
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Rasheed A, Wen W, Gao F, Zhai S, Jin H, Liu J, Guo Q, Zhang Y, Dreisigacker S, Xia X, He Z. Development and validation of KASP assays for genes underpinning key economic traits in bread wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2016; 129:1843-60. [PMID: 27306516 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-016-2743-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We developed and validated a robust marker toolkit for high-throughput and cost-effective screening of a large number of functional genes in wheat. Functional markers (FMs) are the most valuable markers for crop breeding programs, and high-throughput genotyping for FMs could provide an excellent opportunity to effectively practice marker-assisted selection while breeding cultivars. Here we developed and validated kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) assays for genes that underpin economically important traits in bread wheat including adaptability, grain yield, quality, and biotic and abiotic stress resistances. In total, 70 KASP assays either developed in this study or obtained from public databases were validated for reliability in application. The validation of KASP assays were conducted by (a) comparing the assays with available gel-based PCR markers on 23 diverse wheat accessions, (b) validation of the derived allelic information using phenotypes of a panel comprised of 300 diverse cultivars from China and 13 other countries, and (c) additional testing, where possible, of the assays in four segregating populations. All KASP assays being reported were significantly associated with the relevant phenotypes in the cultivars panel and bi-parental populations, thus revealing potential application in wheat breeding programs. The results revealed 45 times superiority of the KASP assays in speed than gel-based PCR markers. KASP has recently emerged as single-plex high-throughput genotyping technology; this is the first report on high-throughput screening of a large number of functional genes in a major crop. Such assays could greatly accelerate the characterization of crossing parents and advanced lines for marker-assisted selection and can complement the inflexible, high-density SNP arrays. Our results offer a robust and reliable molecular marker toolkit that can contribute towards maximizing genetic gains in wheat breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awais Rasheed
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), c/o CAAS 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Weie Wen
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fengmei Gao
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shengnan Zhai
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jindong Liu
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Susanne Dreisigacker
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Xianchun Xia
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhonghu He
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China.
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), c/o CAAS 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Liu G, Zhao Y, Gowda M, Longin CFH, Reif JC, Mette MF. Predicting Hybrid Performances for Quality Traits through Genomic-Assisted Approaches in Central European Wheat. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158635. [PMID: 27383841 PMCID: PMC4934823 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bread-making quality traits are central targets for wheat breeding. The objectives of our study were to (1) examine the presence of major effect QTLs for quality traits in a Central European elite wheat population, (2) explore the optimal strategy for predicting the hybrid performance for wheat quality traits, and (3) investigate the effects of marker density and the composition and size of the training population on the accuracy of prediction of hybrid performance. In total 135 inbred lines of Central European bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and 1,604 hybrids derived from them were evaluated for seven quality traits in up to six environments. The 135 parental lines were genotyped using a 90k single-nucleotide polymorphism array. Genome-wide association mapping initially suggested presence of several quantitative trait loci (QTLs), but cross-validation rather indicated the absence of major effect QTLs for all quality traits except of 1000-kernel weight. Genomic selection substantially outperformed marker-assisted selection in predicting hybrid performance. A resampling study revealed that increasing the effective population size in the estimation set of hybrids is relevant to boost the accuracy of prediction for an unrelated test population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozheng Liu
- Department of Breeding Research, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Stadt Seeland, Germany
| | - Yusheng Zhao
- Department of Breeding Research, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Stadt Seeland, Germany
| | - Manje Gowda
- State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Jochen C. Reif
- Department of Breeding Research, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Stadt Seeland, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Michael F. Mette
- Department of Breeding Research, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Stadt Seeland, Germany
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Henkrar F, El-Haddoury J, Ouabbou H, Bendaou N, Udupa SM. Genetic characterization of Moroccan and the exotic bread wheat cultivars using functional and random DNA markers linked to the agronomic traits for genomics-assisted improvement. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:97. [PMID: 28330167 PMCID: PMC4823230 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0413-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic characterization, diversity analysis and estimate of the genetic relationship among varieties using functional and random DNA markers linked to agronomic traits can provide relevant guidelines in selecting parents and designing new breeding strategies for marker-assisted wheat cultivar improvement. Here, we characterize 20 Moroccan and 19 exotic bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars using 47 functional and 7 linked random DNA markers associated with 21 loci of the most important traits for wheat breeding. The functional marker analysis revealed that 35, 45, and 10 % of the Moroccan cultivars, respectively have the rust resistance genes (Lr34/Yr18/Pm38), dwarfing genes (Rht1b or Rht2b alleles) and the leaf rust resistance gene (Lr68). The marker alleles for genes Lr37/Yr17/Sr38, Sr24 and Yr36 were present only in the exotic cultivars and absent in Moroccan cultivars. 25 % of cultivars had 1BL.1RS translocation. 70 % of the wheat cultivars had Ppo-D1a and Ppo-A1b associated with low polyphenol oxidase activity. 10 % of cultivars showed presence of a random DNA marker allele (175 bp) linked to Hessian fly resistance gene H22. The majority of the Moroccan cultivars were carrying alleles that impart good bread making quality. Neighbor joining (NJ) and principal coordinate analysis based on the marker data revealed a clear differentiation between elite Moroccan and exotic wheat cultivars. The results of this study are useful for selecting suitable parents for making targeted crosses in marker-assisted wheat breeding and enhancing genetic diversity in the wheat cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Henkrar
- ICARDA-INRA Cooperative Research Project, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), B.P. 6299, Rabat, Morocco
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), B.P. 415, Rabat, Morocco
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), B.P. 589, Settat, Morocco
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Biotechnologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, B.P. 1014, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Jamal El-Haddoury
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), B.P. 589, Settat, Morocco
| | - Hassan Ouabbou
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), B.P. 589, Settat, Morocco
| | - Najib Bendaou
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Biotechnologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, B.P. 1014, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Sripada M Udupa
- ICARDA-INRA Cooperative Research Project, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), B.P. 6299, Rabat, Morocco.
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35
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Morgun B, Stepanenko A, Stepanenko O, Bannikova M, Holubenko A, Nitovska I, Maystrov P, Grodzinsky D. Implementation of Molecular Systems for Identification of Genetic Polymorphism in Winter Wheat to Obtain High-Performance Special Varieties. SCIENCE AND INNOVATION 2016. [DOI: 10.15407/scine12.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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36
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Hystad SM, Giroux MJ, Martin JM. Impact of Null Polyphenol Oxidase Alleles on White Salted Noodles. Cereal Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-05-15-0105-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven M. Hystad
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, U.S.A
| | - Michael J. Giroux
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, U.S.A
| | - John M. Martin
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, U.S.A
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37
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang X, Jiang L, Liu F, He X, Liu S, Zhang X. Development of multiplex-PCR systems for genes related to flour colour in Chinese autumn-sown wheat cultivars. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2016. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2015.0609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China P.R
| | - X. Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China P.R
| | - X. Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China P.R
| | - L. Jiang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China P.R
| | - F. Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China P.R
| | - X. He
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), P.O. Box 6-641, 06600 Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - S. Liu
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China P.R
| | - X. Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China P.R
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38
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Cui F, Fan X, Chen M, Zhang N, Zhao C, Zhang W, Han J, Ji J, Zhao X, Yang L, Zhao Z, Tong Y, Wang T, Li J. QTL detection for wheat kernel size and quality and the responses of these traits to low nitrogen stress. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2016; 129:469-84. [PMID: 26660466 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-015-2641-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
QTLs for kernel characteristics and tolerance to N stress were identified, and the functions of ten known genes with regard to these traits were specified. Kernel size and quality characteristics in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) ultimately determine the end use of the grain and affect its commodity price, both of which are influenced by the application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer. This study characterized quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for kernel size and quality and examined the responses of these traits to low-N stress using a recombinant inbred line population derived from Kenong 9204 × Jing 411. Phenotypic analyses were conducted in five trials that each included low- and high-N treatments. We identified 109 putative additive QTLs for 11 kernel size and quality characteristics and 49 QTLs for tolerance to N stress, 27 and 14 of which were stable across the tested environments, respectively. These QTLs were distributed across all wheat chromosomes except for chromosomes 3A, 4D, 6D, and 7B. Eleven QTL clusters that simultaneously affected kernel size- and quality-related traits were identified. At nine locations, 25 of the 49 QTLs for N deficiency tolerance coincided with the QTLs for kernel characteristics, indicating their genetic independence. The feasibility of indirect selection of a superior genotype for kernel size and quality under high-N conditions in breeding programs designed for a lower input management system are discussed. In addition, we specified the functions of Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-A3, Glu-B3, TaCwi-A1, TaSus2, TaGS2-D1, PPO-D1, Rht-B1, and Ha with regard to kernel characteristics and the sensitivities of these characteristics to N stress. This study provides useful information for the genetic improvement of wheat kernel size, quality, and resistance to N stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa Cui
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Xiaoli Fan
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China.
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Mei Chen
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Chunhua Zhao
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jie Han
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Jun Ji
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xueqiang Zhao
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, 453000, China
| | - Zongwu Zhao
- Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, 453000, China
| | - Yiping Tong
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Junming Li
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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Zhai S, He Z, Wen W, Jin H, Liu J, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Xia X. Genome-wide linkage mapping of flour color-related traits and polyphenol oxidase activity in common wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2016; 129:377-94. [PMID: 26602234 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-015-2634-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Fifty-six QTL for flour color-related traits and polyphenol oxidase activity were identified using a genome-wide linkage mapping of data from a RIL population derived from a Gaocheng 8901/Zhoumai 16 cross. ABSTRACT Flour color-related traits, including L*, a*, b*, yellow pigment content (YPC), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity are important parameters influencing the quality of wheat end-use products. Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) for these traits and characterization of candidate genes are important for improving wheat quality. The aims of this study were to identify QTL for flour color-related traits and PPO activity and to characterize candidate genes using a high-density genetic linkage map in a common wheat recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between Gaocheng 8901 and Zhoumai 16. A linkage map was constructed by genotyping the RILs with the wheat 90 K iSelect array. Fifty-six QTL were mapped on 35 chromosome regions on homoeologous groups 1, 2, 5 and 7 chromosomes, and chromosomes 3B, 4A, 4B and 6B. Four QTL were for PPO activity, and the others were for flour color-related traits. Compared with previous studies, five QTL for a*, two for b*, one for L*, one for YPC and one for PPO activity were new. The new QTL on chromosome 2DL was involved in both a* and YPC, and another on chromosome 7DS affected both a* and L*. The scan for SNP sequences tightly linked to QTL for flour color-related traits against the wheat and/or related cereals genomes identified six candidate genes significantly related to these traits, and five of them were associated with the terpenoid backbone biosynthesis pathway. The high-density genetic linkage map of Gaocheng 8901/Zhoumai 16 represents a useful tool to identify QTL for important quality traits and candidate genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Zhai
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding/State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhonghu He
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) China Office, c/o CAAS, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Weie Wen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830052, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jindong Liu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding/State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xianchun Xia
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Polyphenol oxidase activity and yellow pigment content in Aegilops tauschii, Triticum turgidum, Triticum aestivum, synthetic hexaploid wheat and its parents. J Cereal Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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41
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Hystad SM, Martin JM, Graybosch RA, Giroux MJ. Genetic characterization and expression analysis of wheat (Triticum aestivum) line 07OR1074 exhibiting very low polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2015; 128:1605-1615. [PMID: 25982131 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-015-2535-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Characterized novel mutations present at Ppo loci account for the substantial reduction of the total kernel PPO activity present in a putative null Ppo - A1 genetic background. Wheat (Triticum aestivum) polyphenol oxidase (PPO) contributes to the time-dependent discoloration of Asian noodles. Wheat contains multiple paralogous and orthologous Ppo genes, Ppo-A1, Ppo-D1, Ppo-A2, Ppo-D2, and Ppo-B2, expressed in wheat kernels. To date, wheat noodle color improvement efforts have focused on breeding cultivars containing Ppo-D1 and Ppo-A1 alleles conferring reduced PPO activity. A major impediment to wheat quality improvement is a lack of additional Ppo alleles conferring reduced kernel PPO. In this study, a previously reported very low PPO line, 07OR1074, was found to contain a novel allele at Ppo-A2 and null alleles at the Ppo-A1 and Ppo-D1 loci. To examine the impact of each mutation upon kernel PPO, populations were generated from crosses between 07OR1074 and the hard white spring wheat cultivars Choteau and Vida. Expression analysis using RNA-seq demonstrated no detectable Ppo-A1 transcripts in 07OR1074 while Ppo-D1 transcripts were present at less than 10% of that seen in Choteau and Vida. Novel markers specific for the Ppo-D1 and Ppo-A2 mutations discovered in 07OR1074, along with the Ppo-A1 STS marker, were used to screen segregating populations. Evaluation of lines indicated a substantial genotypic effect on PPO with Ppo-A1 and Ppo-D1 alleles contributing significantly to total PPO in both populations. These results show that the novel mutations in Ppo-A1 and Ppo-D1 present in 07OR1074 are both important to lowering overall wheat seed PPO activity and may be useful to produce more desirable and marketable wheat-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Hystad
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717-3150, USA
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Kage U, Kumar A, Dhokane D, Karre S, Kushalappa AC. Functional molecular markers for crop improvement. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2015; 36:917-30. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2015.1062743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Udaykumar Kage
- Plant Science Department, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada, H9X3V9
| | - Arun Kumar
- Plant Science Department, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada, H9X3V9
| | - Dhananjay Dhokane
- Plant Science Department, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada, H9X3V9
| | - Shailesh Karre
- Plant Science Department, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada, H9X3V9
| | - Ajjamada C. Kushalappa
- Plant Science Department, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada, H9X3V9
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Yang H, Li C, Lam HM, Clements J, Yan G, Zhao S. Sequencing consolidates molecular markers with plant breeding practice. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2015; 128:779-95. [PMID: 25821196 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-015-2499-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plenty of molecular markers have been developed by contemporary sequencing technologies, whereas few of them are successfully applied in breeding, thus we present a review on how sequencing can facilitate marker-assisted selection in plant breeding. The growing global population and shrinking arable land area require efficient plant breeding. Novel strategies assisted by certain markers have proven effective for genetic gains. Fortunately, cutting-edge sequencing technologies bring us a deluge of genomes and genetic variations, enlightening the potential of marker development. However, a large gap still exists between the potential of molecular markers and actual plant breeding practices. In this review, we discuss marker-assisted breeding from a historical perspective, describe the road from crop sequencing to breeding, and highlight how sequencing facilitates the application of markers in breeding practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaan Yang
- Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, 6151, Australia,
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GAO ZHENXIAN, SHI ZHANLIANG, ZHANG AIMIN, GUO JINKAO. Distribution of genes associated with yield potential and water-saving in Chinese Zone II wheat detected by developed functional markers. J Genet 2015; 94:35-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-015-0472-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Multiple origins of the phenol reaction negative phenotype in foxtail millet, Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv., were caused by independent loss-of-function mutations of the polyphenol oxidase (Si7PPO) gene during domestication. Mol Genet Genomics 2015; 290:1563-74. [PMID: 25740049 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-015-1022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Foxtail millet shows variation in positive phenol color reaction (Phr) and negative Phr in grains, but predominant accessions of this crop are negative reaction type, and the molecular genetic basis of the Phr reaction remains unresolved. In this article, we isolated polyphenol oxidase (PPO) gene responsible for Phr using genome sequence information and investigated molecular genetic basis of negative Phr and crop evolution of foxtail millet. First of all, we searched for PPO gene homologs in a foxtail millet genome database using a rice PPO gene as a query and successfully found three copies of the PPO gene. One of the PPO gene homologs on chromosome 7 showed the highest similarity with PPO genes expressed in hulls (grains) of other cereal species including rice, wheat, and barley and was designated as Si7PPO. Phr phenotypes and Si7PPO genotypes completely co-segregated in a segregating population. We also analyzed the genetic variation conferring negative Phr reaction. Of 480 accessions of the landraces investigated, 87 (18.1 %) showed positive Phr and 393 (81.9 %) showed negative Phr. In the 393 Phr negative accessions, three types of loss-of-function Si7PPO gene were predominant and independently found in various locations. One of them has an SNP in exon 1 resulting in a premature stop codon and was designated as stop codon type, another has an insertion of a transposon (Si7PPO-TE1) in intron 2 and was designated as TE1-insertion type, and the other has a 6-bp duplication in exon 3 resulting in the duplication of 2 amino acids and was designated as 6-bp duplication type. As a rare variant of the stop codon type, one accession additionally has an insertion of a transposon, Si7PPO-TE2, in intron 2 and was designated as "stop codon +TE2 insertion type". The geographical distribution of accessions with positive Phr and those with three major types of negative Phr was also investigated. Accessions with positive Phr were found in subtropical and tropical regions at frequencies of ca. 25-67 % and those with negative Phr were broadly found in Europe and Asia. The stop codon type was found in 285 accessions and was broadly distributed in Europe and Asia, whereas the TE-1 insertion type was found in 99 accessions from Europe and Asia but was not found in India. The 6-bp duplication type was found in only 8 accessions from Nansei Islands (Okinawa Prefecture) of Japan. We also analyzed Phr in the wild ancestor and concluded that the negative Phr type was likely to have originated after domestication of foxtail millet. It was also implied that negative Phr of foxtail millet arose by multiple independent loss of function of PPO gene through dispersal because of some advantages under some environmental conditions and human selection as in rice and barley.
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Zhang Y, Miao X, Xia X, He Z. Cloning of seed dormancy genes (TaSdr) associated with tolerance to pre-harvest sprouting in common wheat and development of a functional marker. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2014; 127:855-66. [PMID: 24452439 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-014-2262-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
After cloning and mapping of wheat TaSdr genes, both the functional markers for TaSdr - B1 and TaVp - 1B were validated, and the distribution of allelic variations at TaSdr - B1 locus in the wheat cultivars from 19 countries was characterized. Seed dormancy is a major factor associated with pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Wheat TaSdr genes, orthologs of OsSdr4 conferring seed dormancy in rice, were cloned by a comparative genomics approach. They were located on homoeologous group 2 chromosomes, and designated as TaSdr-A1, TaSdr-B1 and TaSdr-D1, respectively. Sequence analysis of TaSdr-B1 revealed a SNP at the position -11 upstream of the initiation codon, with bases A and G in cultivars with low and high germination indices (GI), respectively. A cleaved amplified polymorphism sequence marker Sdr2B was developed based on the SNP, and subsequently functional analysis of TaSdr-B1 was conducted by association and linkage mapping. A QTL for GI co-segregating with Sdr2B explained 6.4, 7.8 and 8.7 % of the phenotypic variances in a RIL population derived from Yangxiaomai/Zhongyou 9507 grown in Shijiazhuang, Beijing and the averaged data from those environments, respectively. Two sets of Chinese wheat cultivars were used for association mapping, and results indicated that TaSdr-B1 was significantly associated with GI. Analysis of the allelic distribution at the TaSdr-B1 locus showed that the frequencies of TaSdr-B1a associated with a lower GI were high in cultivars from Japan, Australia, Argentina, and the Middle and Lower Yangtze Valley Winter Wheat Region and Southwest Winter Wheat Region in China. This study provides not only a reliable functional marker for molecular-assisted selection of PHS in wheat breeding programs, but also gives novel information for a comprehensive understanding of seed dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
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Kong Y, Li X, Ma J, Li W, Yan G, Zhang C. GmPAP4, a novel purple acid phosphatase gene isolated from soybean (Glycine max), enhanced extracellular phytate utilization in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2014; 33:655-67. [PMID: 24595918 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-014-1588-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE GmPAP4 , a novel plant PAP gene in soybean, has phytase activity. Over-expressing GmPAP4 can enhance Arabidopsis growth when phytate is the sole P source in culture. Phosphorus (P) is an important macronutrient for plant growth and development. However, most of the total P in soils is fixed into organic phosphate (Po). Purple acid phosphatase (PAP) can hydrolyze Po in the soil to liberate inorganic phosphate and enhance plant P utilization. We isolated a novel PAP gene, GmPAP4, from soybean (Glycine max). It had an open reading frame of 1,329 bp, encoding 442 amino acid residues. Sequence alignment and phylogenetics analysis indicated that GmPAP4 was similar to other plant PAPs with large molecular masses. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the induced expression of GmPAP4 was greater in P-efficient genotype Zhonghuang15 (ZH15) than in P-inefficient genotype Niumaohuang (NMH) during the periods of flowering (28-35 days post phytate stress; DPP) and pod formation (49-63 DPP). Moreover, peak expression, at 63 DPP, was about 3-fold higher in 'ZH15' than in 'NMH'. Sub-cellular localization showed that GmPAP4 might be on plasma membrane or in cytoplasm. Over-expressing GmPAP4 in Arabidopsis resulted in significant rises in P acquisition and utilization compared with the wild-type (WT). Under phytate condition, transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed increases of approximately 132.7 % in dry weight and 162.6 % in shoot P content compared with the WT. Furthermore, when phytate was added as the sole P source in cultures, the activity of acid phosphatase was significantly higher in transgenic plants. Therefore, GmPAP4 is a novel PAP gene that functions in plant's utilization of organic phosphate especially under phytate condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youbin Kong
- North China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, People's Republic of China
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Vanzetti LS, Yerkovich N, Chialvo E, Lombardo L, Vaschetto L, Helguera M. Genetic structure of Argentinean hexaploid wheat germplasm. Genet Mol Biol 2013; 36:391-9. [PMID: 24130447 PMCID: PMC3795179 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572013000300014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of genetically homogeneous groups of individuals is an ancient issue in population genetics and in the case of crops like wheat, it can be valuable information for breeding programs, genetic mapping and germplasm resources. In this work we determined the genetic structure of a set of 102 Argentinean bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) elite cultivars using 38 biochemical and molecular markers (functional, closely linked to genes and neutral ones) distributed throughout 18 wheat chromosomes. Genetic relationships among these lines were examined using model-based clustering methods. In the analysis three subpopulations were identified which correspond largely to the origin of the germplasm used by the main breeding programs in Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo S Vanzetti
- Grupo Biotecnología y Recursos Genéticos, INTA EEA Marcos Juárez, Marcos Juárez, Córdoba, Argentina . ; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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49
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Talbert LE, Hofer P, Nash D, Martin JM, Lanning SP, Sherman JD, Giroux MJ. Hard White Versus Hard Red Wheats: Taste Tests and Milling and Baking Properties. Cereal Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-11-12-0146-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luther E. Talbert
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717
| | - Petrea Hofer
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717
| | - Deanna Nash
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717
| | - John M. Martin
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717
| | - Susan P. Lanning
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717
| | - Jamie D. Sherman
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717
| | - Michael J. Giroux
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717
- Corresponding author. Phone: (406) 994-7877. E-mail:
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50
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Nilthong S, Graybosch RA, Baenziger PS. Inheritance of grain polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity in multiple wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genetic backgrounds. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2012; 125:1705-1715. [PMID: 22864385 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-012-1947-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Grain polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity can cause discoloration of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) food products. Five crosses (PI 117635/Antelope; Fielder/NW03681; Fielder/Antelope; NW07OR1070/Antelope; NW07OR1066/OR2050272H) were selected to study the genetic inheritance of PPO activity. STS markers, PPO18, PPO29 and STS01, were used to identify lines with putative alleles at the Ppo-A1 and Ppo-D1 loci conditioning low or high PPO activity. ANOVA showed significant genotypic effects on PPO activity (P < 0.0001) in all populations. The generations and generation × genotype effects were not significant in any population. A putative third (null) genotype at Ppo-A1 (no PCR fragments for PPO18) was discovered in NW07OR1066 and NW07OR1070 derived populations, and these had the lowest mean PPO activities. Results demonstrated that both Ppo-A1 and Ppo-D1 loci affect the kernel PPO activity, but the Ppo-A1 has the major effect. In three populations, contrary results were observed to those predicted from previous work with Ppo-D1 alleles, suggesting the markers for Ppo-D1 allele might give erroneous results in some genetic backgrounds or lineages. Results suggest that selection for low or null alleles only at Ppo-A1 might allow development of low PPO wheat cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somrudee Nilthong
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
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