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Zampieri M, Karpach K, Salerno G, Raguzzini A, Barchetta I, Cimini FA, Dule S, De Matteis G, Zardo G, Borro M, Peluso I, Cavallo MG, Reale A. PAR level mediates the link between ROS and inflammatory response in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Redox Biol 2024; 75:103243. [PMID: 38906011 PMCID: PMC11253151 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by disrupted glucose homeostasis and metabolic abnormalities, with oxidative stress and inflammation playing pivotal roles in its pathophysiology. Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is a post-translational process involving the addition of ADP-ribose polymers (PAR) to target proteins. While preclinical studies have implicated PARylation in the interplay between oxidative stress and inflammation in T2DM, direct clinical evidence in humans remains limited. This study investigates the relationship between oxidative stress, PARylation, and inflammatory response in T2DM patients. METHODS This cross-sectional investigation involved 61 T2DM patients and 48 controls. PAR levels were determined in peripheral blood cells (PBMC) by ELISA-based methodologies. Oxidative stress was assessed in plasma and PBMC. In plasma, we monitored reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power. In PBMC, we measured the expression of antioxidant enzymes SOD1, GPX1 and CAT by qPCR. Further, we evaluated the expression of inflammatory mediators such as IL6, TNF-α, CD68 and MCP1 by qPCR in PBMC. RESULTS T2DM patients exhibited elevated PAR levels in PBMC and increased d-ROMs in plasma. Positive associations were found between PAR levels and d-ROMs, suggesting a link between oxidative stress and altered PAR metabolism. Mediation analysis revealed that d-ROMs mediate the association between HbA1c levels and PAR, indicating oxidative stress as a potential driver of increased PARylation in T2DM. Furthermore, elevated PAR levels were found to be associated with increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL6 and TNF-α in the PBMC of T2DM patients. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights that hyperactivation of PARylation is associated with poor glycemic control and the resultant oxidative stress in T2DM. The increase of PAR levels is correlated with the upregulation of key mediators of the inflammatory response. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and explore their clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Zampieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Katsyarina Karpach
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gerardo Salerno
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Raguzzini
- CREA- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, 00178, Rome, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Barchetta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Flavia Agata Cimini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sara Dule
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanna De Matteis
- CREA-Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, 00015, Monterotondo, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Zardo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Marina Borro
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189, Rome, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Peluso
- CREA- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, 00178, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Gisella Cavallo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Reale
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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Gerszi D, Orosz G, Török M, Szalay B, Karvaly G, Orosz L, Hetthéssy J, Vásárhelyi B, Török O, Horváth EM, Várbíró S. Risk Estimation of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the First Trimester. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e1214-e1223. [PMID: 37247379 PMCID: PMC10584002 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT There is no early, first-trimester risk estimation available to predict later (gestational week 24-28) gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); however, it would be beneficial to start an early treatment to prevent the development of complications. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify early, first-trimester prediction markers for GDM. METHODS The present case-control study is based on the study cohort of a Hungarian biobank containing biological samples and follow-up data from 2545 pregnant women. Oxidative-nitrative stress-related parameters, steroid hormone, and metabolite levels were measured in the serum/plasma samples collected at the end of the first trimester from 55 randomly selected control and 55 women who developed GDM later. RESULTS Pregnant women who developed GDM later during the pregnancy were older and had higher body mass index. The following parameters showed higher concentration in their serum/plasma samples: fructosamine, total antioxidant capacity, testosterone, cortisone, 21-deoxycortisol; soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, dihydrotestosterone, cortisol, and 11-deoxycorticosterone levels were lower. Analyzing these variables using a forward stepwise multivariate logistic regression model, we established a GDM prediction model with a specificity of 96.6% and sensitivity of 97.5% (included variables: fructosamine, cortisol, cortisone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, SuPAR). CONCLUSION Based on these measurements, we accurately predict the development of later-onset GDM (24th-28th weeks of pregnancy). Early risk estimation provides the opportunity for targeted prevention and the timely treatment of GDM. Prevention and slowing the progression of GDM result in a lower lifelong metabolic risk for both mother and offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Gerszi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1082, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1094, Hungary
| | - Gergő Orosz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Marianna Török
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1082, Hungary
- Workgroup for Science Management, Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1085, Hungary
| | - Balázs Szalay
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1083, Hungary
| | - Gellért Karvaly
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry and Separation Technology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1089, Hungary
| | - László Orosz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Judit Hetthéssy
- Workgroup for Science Management, Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1085, Hungary
| | - Barna Vásárhelyi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1083, Hungary
| | - Olga Török
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Eszter M Horváth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1094, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Várbíró
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1082, Hungary
- Workgroup for Science Management, Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1085, Hungary
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3
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Meka Farid Babu, A.R. S, Benerji G.V.. 3-Nitrotyrosine (NT) levels in serum and its association with insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Biomarker role of NT in the assessment of oxidative stress mediated impending vascular complications in nephropathy. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2022. [DOI: 10.51248/.v42i4.1433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Aim: 3-Nitrotyrosine (NT) has been recognized as a marker of oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus. NT has also been studied in diverse metabolic conditions. The aim of our study was oriented towards the role of NT as a predictor of oxidative stress mediated impending nephropathy in diabetes mellitus and that with reference to albuminuria.
Materials and Methods: A total of 150 type 2 diabetics in the age group 35 - 50 years were enrolled as three groups, comprising 50 each, based on albuminuria. 50 healthy age and gender matched subjects constituted the control group. Serum NT and Insulin were assessed by ELISA. HbA1c was quantitated by immunoturbidimetric method and microalbumin was assessed by turbilatex method. Routine biochemistry was enabled through ERBA EM-200 fully automated analyzer. Stringent quality control was affected. The study was begun following approval accorded by the competent committees.
Results: NT levels were positively correlated with albumin-creatinine ratio and insulin resistance. NT could be used as a predictor of impending vascular complications in diabetic nephropathy.
Conclusion: NT levels could act as a predictor of oxidative stress mediated diabetic nephropathy in the light of albuminuria.
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Mukli P, Wu DH, Csipo T, Owens CD, Lipecz A, Racz FS, Zouein FA, Tabak A, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z, Tsitouras PD, Yabluchanskiy A. Urinary Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Aging: Implications for Prediction of Accelerated Biological Age in Prospective Cohort Studies. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6110226. [PMID: 35571254 PMCID: PMC9106456 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6110226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Aging is a major risk factor for a range of chronic diseases. Oxidative stress theory of aging has been previously proposed as one of the mechanisms responsible for the age-related decline in organ/tissue function and the development of age-related diseases. Urine contains rich biological information on the health status of every major organ system and can be an important noninvasive source for biomarkers of systemic oxidative stress in aging. Aims The objective of this cross-sectional study was to validate a novel panel of urinary oxidative stress biomarkers. Methods Nucleic acid oxidation adducts and oxidative damage markers of lipids and proteins were assessed in urine samples from nondiabetic and currently nonsmoking subjects (n = 198) across different ages (20 to 89 years old). Urinary parameters and chronological age were correlated then the biological age of enrolled individuals was determined from the urinary oxidative stress markers using the algorithm of Klemera and Doubal. Results Our findings showed that 8-oxo-7,8-deoxyguanosine (8-oxoG), 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-OHdG), and dityrosine (DTyr) positively correlated with chronological age, while the level of an F2-isoprostane (iPF2 α-VI) correlated negatively with age. We found that 8-oxoG, DTyr, and iPF2 α-VI were significantly higher among accelerated agers compared to nonaccelerated agers and that a decision tree model could successfully identify accelerated agers with an accuracy of >92%. Discussion. Our results indicate that 8-oxoG and iPF2 α-VI levels in the urine reveal biological aging. Conclusion Assessing urinary biomarkers of oxidative stress may be an important approach for the evaluation of biological age by identifying individuals at accelerated risk for the development of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mukli
- 1Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- 2Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dee H. Wu
- 3Department of Radiological Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- 4The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Tamas Csipo
- 1Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- 5International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Cameron D. Owens
- 1Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Agnes Lipecz
- 1Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- 5International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Frigyes Samuel Racz
- 2Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- 6Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Fouad A. Zouein
- 7The Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Excellence, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
- 8Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay, France
- 9Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Adam Tabak
- 5International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- 101st Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Csiszar
- 1Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- 4The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- 11International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- 1Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- 3Department of Radiological Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- 4The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- 5International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- 12Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Panayiotis D. Tsitouras
- 1Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- 1Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- 4The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- 12Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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Török M, Merkely P, Monori-Kiss A, Horváth EM, Sziva RE, Péterffy B, Jósvai A, Sayour AA, Oláh A, Radovits T, Merkely B, Ács N, Nádasy GL, Várbíró S. Network analysis of the left anterior descending coronary arteries in swim-trained rats by an in situ video microscopic technique. Biol Sex Differ 2021; 12:37. [PMID: 34039432 PMCID: PMC8152314 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-021-00379-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to identify sex differences in the network properties and to recognize the geometric alteration effects of long-term swim training in a rat model of exercise-induced left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy. METHODS Thirty-eight Wistar rats were divided into four groups: male sedentary, female sedentary, male exercised and female exercised. After training sessions, LV morphology and function were checked by echocardiography. The geometry of the left coronary artery system was analysed on pressure-perfused, microsurgically prepared resistance artery networks using in situ video microscopy. All segments over > 80 μm in diameter were studied using divided 50-μm-long cylindrical ring units of the networks. Oxidative-nitrative (O-N) stress markers, adenosine A2A and estrogen receptor (ER) were investigated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The LV mass index, ejection fraction and fractional shortening significantly increased in exercised animals. We found substantial sex differences in the coronary network in the control groups and in the swim-trained animals. Ring frequency spectra were significantly different between male and female animals in both the sedentary and trained groups. The thickness of the wall was higher in males as a result of training. There were elevations in the populations of 200- and 400-μm vessel units in males; the thinner ones developed farther and the thicker ones closer to the orifice. In females, a new population of 200- to 250-μm vessels appeared unusually close to the orifice. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity and LV hypertrophy were accompanied by a remodelling of coronary resistance artery network geometry that was different in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Török
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői u. 78/a, Budapest, 1082 Hungary
| | - Petra Merkely
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői u. 78/a, Budapest, 1082 Hungary
| | - Anna Monori-Kiss
- Institute of Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, Budapest, 1094 Hungary
| | - Eszter Mária Horváth
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, Budapest, 1094 Hungary
| | - Réka Eszter Sziva
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői u. 78/a, Budapest, 1082 Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, Budapest, 1094 Hungary
| | - Borbála Péterffy
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, Budapest, 1094 Hungary
| | - Attila Jósvai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Military Hospital, Róbert Károly körút 44, Budapest, 1134 Hungary
| | - Alex Ali Sayour
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Városmajor u. 68, Budapest, 1122 Hungary
| | - Attila Oláh
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Városmajor u. 68, Budapest, 1122 Hungary
| | - Tamás Radovits
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Városmajor u. 68, Budapest, 1122 Hungary
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Városmajor u. 68, Budapest, 1122 Hungary
| | - Nándor Ács
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői u. 78/a, Budapest, 1082 Hungary
| | - György László Nádasy
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, Budapest, 1094 Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Várbíró
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői u. 78/a, Budapest, 1082 Hungary
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Gerszi D, Penyige Á, Mezei Z, Sárai-Szabó B, Benkő R, Bányai B, Demendi C, Ujvári E, Várbíró S, Horváth EM. Evaluation of oxidative/nitrative stress and uterine artery pulsatility index in early pregnancy. Physiol Int 2021; 107:479-490. [PMID: 33410768 DOI: 10.1556/2060.2020.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Increased oxidative/nitrative stress is characteristic not only in pathologic, but also in healthy pregnancy. High uterine artery pulsatility index (UtAPI) at the end of the first trimester is associated with altered placentation and elevated risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes. We aimed to examine the relationship of systemic oxidative/nitrative stress and uterine artery pulsatility index in the first trimester and their correlation to pregnancy outcomes. Material and methods Healthy pregnant women were recruited at 12-13th gestational week ultrasound examination; UtAPI was determined by color Doppler ultrasound. Patients were divided into high (UtAPI ≥ 2.3) (n = 30) and low (n = 31) resistance groups, and pregnancies were followed until labor. Systemic oxidative/nitrative stress was estimated by measuring total peroxide level, total antioxidant capacity and nitrotyrosine level. Results Plasma total peroxide level was significantly lower (2,510 ± 39 µM vs. 2,285 ± 59 µM), total antioxidant capacity was higher (781 ± 16 mM CRE vs. 822 ± 13 mM CRE) in the high UtAPI group, which were accompanied by lower birth weight (3,317 ± 64 vs. 3,517 ± 77 g, P < 0.05). Plasma total peroxide level showed a negative correlation (by Pearson) to UtAPI (P < 0.01) and positive correlation to birth weight (P < 0.05). Conclusions According to our results, lower systemic oxidative stress showed correlation with high UtAPI measured between the 12-13th weeks of gestation. We also found significant differences in the birth weight of healthy newborns; therefore it is worth examining this relationship in pathological pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gerszi
- 1Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Á Penyige
- 1Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Z Mezei
- 1Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - B Sárai-Szabó
- 1Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - R Benkő
- 1Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - B Bányai
- 1Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - C Demendi
- 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - E Ujvári
- 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - S Várbíró
- 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - E M Horváth
- 1Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Teng Y, Xuan S, Jiang M, Tian L, Tian J, Chang Q. Expression of H 2S in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Correlation Analysis with Inflammatory Markers IL-6 and TNF- α. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:3085840. [PMID: 32280713 PMCID: PMC7125483 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3085840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a severe threat to the health of both mother and child. The pathogenesis of GDM remains unclear, although much research has found that the levels of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) play an important role in complications of pregnancy. METHODS We collected venous blood samples from parturient women and umbilical vein blood (UVB) and peripheral venous blood (PVB) samples one hour after childbirth in the control, GDM-, and GDM+ groups in order to determine the concentration of glucose and H2S in plasma; to measure levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β1, and ADP in parturient women and the UVB of newborns; and to find the correlation of H2S with regression. RESULTS We found that, with the elevation of glucose, the level of H2S was decreased in GDM pregnant women and newborns and the concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α were upregulated. With regression, IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations were positively correlated with the level of blood glucose and negatively correlated with H2S concentration. CONCLUSION This study shows that downregulation of H2S participates in the pathogenesis of GDM and is of great significance in understanding the difference of H2S between normal and GDM pregnant women and newborns. This study suggests that IL-6 and TNF-α are correlated with gestational diabetes mellitus. The current study expands the knowledge base regarding H2S and provides new avenues for exploring further the pathogenesis of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucui Teng
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Shandong Province, China 252600
| | - Shuxia Xuan
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Shandong Province, China 252600
| | - Ming Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Shandong Province, China 252600
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Shandong Province, China 252600
| | - Jinjing Tian
- Department of Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Shandong Province, China 252600
| | - Qian Chang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Shandong Province, China 252600
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Kapustin R, Chepanov S, Kopteeva E, Arzhanova O. Maternal serum nitrotyrosine, 8-isoprostane and total antioxidant capacity levels in pre-gestational or gestational diabetes mellitus. Gynecol Endocrinol 2020; 36:36-42. [PMID: 33305672 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2020.1816727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate serum concentration of 8-isoprostane, nitrotyrosine (NT), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus (DM) considering preconception planning and method of diabetes correction in 11-14 and 30-34 weeks. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 130 women: T1DM (n = 40), T2DM (n = 35), gestational diabetes (GDM, n = 40) and the control group (n = 15). The serum concentrations of NT, 8-isoprostane, and TAC were measured by ELISA methods. RESULTS Elevated 8-isoprostane levels were observed in all patients with DM, but this biomarker's maximum values have been seen in T1DM and T2DM on insulin groups. A similar tendency was observed for the concentration of NT in both the 1st and 3rd trimesters. TAC levels showed a statistically relevant decrease in all DM groups compared to the control. The correlation analysis showed a direct correlation between HbA1c and serum 8-isoprostane levels in the 1st (r = .27) and 3rd (r = .3) pregnancy trimesters as well as inverse correlation with TAC level (r = -.48). Direct (NT, 8-isoprostane) and inverse correlations (TAC) were fixated for this biomarker concentration and preeclampsia rates. CONCLUSION DM in pregnancy is related to oxidative stress activation, which might lead to the development of adverse perinatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Kapustin
- Department of Obstetrics, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey Chepanov
- Department of Immunology and Intercellular interactions, D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Kopteeva
- Department of Immunology and Intercellular interactions, D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Arzhanova
- Department of Obstetrics, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Kelley AS, Puttabyatappa M, Ciarelli JN, Zeng L, Smith YR, Lieberman R, Pennathur S, Padmanabhan V. Prenatal Testosterone Excess Disrupts Placental Function in a Sheep Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Endocrinology 2019; 160:2663-2672. [PMID: 31436841 PMCID: PMC6804485 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition of reproductive-aged women. In a well-validated sheep model of PCOS, testosterone (T) treatment of pregnant ewes culminated in placental insufficiency and intrauterine growth restriction of offspring. The purpose of this study was to explore specific mechanisms by which T excess compromises placental function in early, mid, and late gestation. Pregnant Suffolk sheep received T propionate 100 mg intramuscularly or control vehicle twice weekly from gestational days (GD) 30 to 90 (term = 147 days). Placental harvest occurred at GD 65, 90, and 140. Real-time RT-PCR was used to assess transcript levels of proinflammatory (TNF, IL1B, IL6, IL8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/chemokine ligand 2, cluster of differentiation 68), antioxidant (glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase 1 and 2), and angiogenic [vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1A)] genes. Lipid accumulation was assessed using triglyceride assays and Oil Red O staining. Placental measures of oxidative and nitrative stress included the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance assay and high-pressure liquid chromatography. Tissue fibrosis was assessed with Picrosirius Red staining. Student t tests and Cohen effect-size analyses were used for statistical analysis. At GD 65, T-treated placentomes showed increased lipid accumulation and collagen deposition. Notable findings at GD 90 were a significant increase in HIF1A expression and a large effect increase in VEGF expression. At GD 140, T-treated placentomes displayed large effect increases in expression of hypoxia and inflammatory markers. In summary, T treatment during early pregnancy induces distinct gestational age-specific effects on the placental milieu, which may underlie the previously observed phenotype of placental insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela S Kelley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Joseph N Ciarelli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Lixia Zeng
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yolanda R Smith
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Richard Lieberman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Vasantha Padmanabhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Correspondence: Vasantha Padmanabhan, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 7510 MSRB 1, 1500 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109. E-mail:
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Oxidative-Nitrative Stress and Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Activation 3 Years after Pregnancy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1743253. [PMID: 30210648 PMCID: PMC6126058 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1743253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Oxidative-nitrative stress and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase activation have been previously observed in healthy and gestational diabetic pregnancies, and they were also linked to the development of metabolic diseases. The aim of the present study was to examine these parameters and their correlation to known metabolic risk factors following healthy and gestational diabetic pregnancies. Methods Fasting and 2 h postload plasma total peroxide level, protein tyrosine nitration, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase activation were measured in circulating leukocytes three years after delivery in women following healthy, "mild" (diet-treated) or "severe" (insulin-treated) gestational diabetic pregnancy during a standard 75 g OGTT. Nulliparous women and men served as control groups. Results Fasting plasma total peroxide level was significantly elevated in women with previous pregnancy (B = 0.52 ± 0.13; p < 0.001), with further increase in women with insulin-treated gestational diabetes (B = 0.36 ± 0.17; p < 0.05) (R2 = 0.419). Its level was independently related to previous pregnancy (B = 0.47 ± 0.14; p < 0.01) and current CRP levels (B = 0.06 ± 0.02; p < 0.05) (R2 = 0.306). Conclusions Elevated oxidative stress but not nitrative stress or poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase activation can be measured three years after pregnancy. The increased oxidative stress may reflect the cost of reproduction and possibly play a role in the increased metabolic risk observed in women with a history of severe gestational diabetes mellitus.
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Insulin therapy and its consequences for the mother, foetus, and newborn in gestational diabetes mellitus. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:2949-2956. [PMID: 29890222 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disease characterised by glucose intolerance and first diagnosed in pregnancy. This condition relates to an anomalous placental environment and aberrant placental vascular function. GDM-associated hyperglycaemia changes the placenta structure leading to abnormal development and functionality of this vital organ. Aiming to avoid the GDM-hyperglycaemia and its deleterious consequences in the mother, the foetus and newborn, women with GDM are firstly treated with a controlled diet therapy; however, some of the women fail to reach the recommended glycaemia values and therefore they are passed to the second line of treatment, i.e., insulin therapy. The several protocols available in the literature regarding insulin therapy are variable and not a clear consensus is yet reached. Insulin therapy restores maternal glycaemia, but this beneficial effect is not reflected in the foetus and newborn metabolism, suggesting that other factors than d-glucose may be involved in the pathophysiology of GDM. Worryingly, insulin therapy may cause alterations in the placenta and umbilical vessels as well as the foetus and newborn additional to those seen in pregnant women with GDM treated with diet. In this review, we summarised the variable information regarding indications and protocols for administration of the insulin therapy and the possible outcomes on the function and structure of the foetoplacental unit and the neonate parameters from women with GDM.
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Abstract
In diabetes mellitus, the polyol pathway is highly active and consumes approximately 30% glucose in the body. This pathway contains 2 reactions catalyzed by aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase, respectively. AR reduces glucose to sorbitol at the expense of NADPH, while sorbitol dehydrogenase converts sorbitol to fructose at the expense of NAD+, leading to NADH production. Consumption of NADPH, accumulation of sorbitol, and generation of fructose and NADH have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. In this review, the roles of this pathway in NADH/NAD+ redox imbalance stress and oxidative stress in diabetes are highlighted. A potential intervention using nicotinamide riboside to restore redox balance as an approach to fighting diabetes is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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13
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Horvath EM, Zsengellér ZK, Szabo C. Quantification of PARP Activity in Human Tissues: Ex Vivo Assays in Blood Cells and Immunohistochemistry in Human Biopsies. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1608:19-26. [PMID: 28695500 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6993-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of proteins is a posttranslational modification mediated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) that use NAD+ as substrate to form the negatively charged polymer of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR). After DNA damage, PARP-1 is responsible for approximately 90% of the total cellular PARylation activity. Numerous studies showed activation of PARP-1 in various conditions associated with oxidative and nitrosative stress, such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, diabetes mellitus, and inflammation, and also proved the beneficial effects of PARP inhibitors. Several pharmacological inhibitors of PARP moved toward clinical testing for a variety of indications, including cardioprotection and malignant tumors, and in late 2014, olaparib became the first PARP inhibitor approved for human use for the therapy of ovarian cancer. These advances necessitate the detection of PARP activation in human tissues. In the present chapter, we review specific methods used to detect PARP activation in human circulating leukocytes and in human tissue sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter M Horvath
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna K Zsengellér
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 601 Harborside Drive, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Pyridine dinucleotides, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), were discovered more than 100 years ago as necessary cofactors for fermentation in yeast extracts. Since that time, these molecules have been recognized as fundamental players in a variety of cellular processes, including energy metabolism, redox homeostasis, cellular signaling, and gene transcription, among many others. Given their critical role as mediators of cellular responses to metabolic perturbations, it is unsurprising that dysregulation of NAD and NADP metabolism has been associated with the pathobiology of many chronic human diseases. Recent Advances: A biochemistry renaissance in biomedical research, with its increasing focus on the metabolic pathobiology of human disease, has reignited interest in pyridine dinucleotides, which has led to new insights into the cell biology of NAD(P) metabolism, including its cellular pharmacokinetics, biosynthesis, subcellular localization, and regulation. This review highlights these advances to illustrate the importance of NAD(P) metabolism in the molecular pathogenesis of disease. CRITICAL ISSUES Perturbations of NAD(H) and NADP(H) are a prominent feature of human disease; however, fundamental questions regarding the regulation of the absolute levels of these cofactors and the key determinants of their redox ratios remain. Moreover, an integrated topological model of NAD(P) biology that combines the metabolic and other roles remains elusive. FUTURE DIRECTIONS As the complex regulatory network of NAD(P) metabolism becomes illuminated, sophisticated new approaches to manipulating these pathways in specific organs, cells, or organelles will be developed to target the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of disease, opening doors for the next generation of redox-based, metabolism-targeted therapies. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 180-212.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Fessel
- 1 Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - William M Oldham
- 2 Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts.,3 Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
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Maresch CC, Stute DC, Alves MG, Oliveira PF, de Kretser DM, Linn T. Diabetes-induced hyperglycemia impairs male reproductive function: a systematic review. Hum Reprod Update 2017; 24:86-105. [DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmx033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Constanze C Maresch
- Clinical Research Unit, Centre of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dina C Stute
- Clinical Research Unit, Centre of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - David M de Kretser
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thomas Linn
- Clinical Research Unit, Centre of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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16
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Wu J, Luo X, Thangthaeng N, Sumien N, Chen Z, Rutledge MA, Jing S, Forster MJ, Yan LJ. Pancreatic mitochondrial complex I exhibits aberrant hyperactivity in diabetes. Biochem Biophys Rep 2017; 11:119-129. [PMID: 28868496 PMCID: PMC5580358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that NADH/NAD+ redox balance is heavily perturbed in diabetes, and the NADH/NAD+ redox imbalance is a major source of oxidative stress in diabetic tissues. In mitochondria, complex I is the only site for NADH oxidation and NAD+ regeneration and is also a major site for production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). Yet how complex I responds to the NADH/NAD+ redox imbalance and any potential consequences of such response in diabetic pancreas have not been investigated. We report here that pancreatic mitochondrial complex I showed aberrant hyperactivity in either type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Further studies focusing on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes indicate that complex I hyperactivity could be attenuated by metformin. Moreover, complex I hyperactivity was accompanied by increased activities of complexes II to IV, but not complex V, suggesting that overflow of NADH via complex I in diabetes could be diverted to ROS production. Indeed in diabetic pancreas, ROS production and oxidative stress increased and mitochondrial ATP production decreased, which can be attributed to impaired pancreatic mitochondrial membrane potential that is responsible for increased cell death. Additionally, cellular defense systems such as glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, sirtuin 3, and NQO1 were found to be compromised in diabetic pancreas. Our findings point to the direction that complex I aberrant hyperactivity in pancreas could be a major source of oxidative stress and β cell failure in diabetes. Therefore, inhibiting pancreatic complex I hyperactivity and attenuating its ROS production by various means in diabetes might serve as a promising approach for anti-diabetic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Xiaoting Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341000, China
| | - Nopporn Thangthaeng
- Center for Neuroscience Discovery, Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Nathalie Sumien
- Center for Neuroscience Discovery, Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Zhenglan Chen
- Center for Neuroscience Discovery, Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Margaret A. Rutledge
- Center for Neuroscience Discovery, Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Siqun Jing
- College of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China
| | - Michael J. Forster
- Center for Neuroscience Discovery, Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
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Zheng H, Wu J, Jin Z, Yan LJ. Protein Modifications as Manifestations of Hyperglycemic Glucotoxicity in Diabetes and Its Complications. BIOCHEMISTRY INSIGHTS 2016; 9:1-9. [PMID: 27042090 PMCID: PMC4807886 DOI: 10.4137/bci.s36141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes and its complications are hyperglycemic toxicity diseases. Many metabolic pathways in this array of diseases become aberrant, which is accompanied with a variety of posttranslational protein modifications that in turn reflect diabetic glucotoxicity. In this review, we summarize some of the most widely studied protein modifications in diabetes and its complications. These modifications include glycation, carbonylation, nitration, cysteine S-nitrosylation, acetylation, sumoylation, ADP-ribosylation, O-GlcNAcylation, and succination. All these posttranslational modifications can be significantly attributed to oxidative stress and/or carbon stress induced by diabetic redox imbalance that is driven by activation of pathways, such as the polyol pathway and the ADP-ribosylation pathway. Exploring the nature of these modifications should facilitate our understanding of the pathological mechanisms of diabetes and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.; Department of Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Basic Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinzi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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18
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Luo X, Wu J, Jing S, Yan LJ. Hyperglycemic Stress and Carbon Stress in Diabetic Glucotoxicity. Aging Dis 2016; 7:90-110. [PMID: 26816666 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2015.0702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and its complications are caused by chronic glucotoxicity driven by persistent hyperglycemia. In this article, we review the mechanisms of diabetic glucotoxicity by focusing mainly on hyperglycemic stress and carbon stress. Mechanisms of hyperglycemic stress include reductive stress or pseudohypoxic stress caused by redox imbalance between NADH and NAD(+) driven by activation of both the polyol pathway and poly ADP ribose polymerase; the hexosamine pathway; the advanced glycation end products pathway; the protein kinase C activation pathway; and the enediol formation pathway. Mechanisms of carbon stress include excess production of acetyl-CoA that can over-acetylate a proteome and excess production of fumarate that can over-succinate a proteome; both of which can increase glucotoxicity in diabetes. For hyperglycemia stress, we also discuss the possible role of mitochondrial complex I in diabetes as this complex, in charge of NAD(+) regeneration, can make more reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the presence of excess NADH. For carbon stress, we also discuss the role of sirtuins in diabetes as they are deacetylases that can reverse protein acetylation thereby attenuating diabetic glucotoxicity and improving glucose metabolism. It is our belief that targeting some of the stress pathways discussed in this article may provide new therapeutic strategies for treatment of diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Luo
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; 2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi province, China, 341000
| | - Jinzi Wu
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Siqun Jing
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; 3 College of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China, 830046
| | - Liang-Jun Yan
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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Wu J, Jin Z, Zheng H, Yan LJ. Sources and implications of NADH/NAD(+) redox imbalance in diabetes and its complications. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2016; 9:145-53. [PMID: 27274295 PMCID: PMC4869616 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s106087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
NAD(+) is a fundamental molecule in metabolism and redox signaling. In diabetes and its complications, the balance between NADH and NAD(+) can be severely perturbed. On one hand, NADH is overproduced due to influx of hyperglycemia to the glycolytic and Krebs cycle pathways and activation of the polyol pathway. On the other hand, NAD(+) can be diminished or depleted by overactivation of poly ADP ribose polymerase that uses NAD(+) as its substrate. Moreover, sirtuins, another class of enzymes that also use NAD(+) as their substrate for catalyzing protein deacetylation reactions, can also affect cellular content of NAD(+). Impairment of NAD(+) regeneration enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase in erythrocytes and complex I in mitochondria can also contribute to NADH accumulation and NAD(+) deficiency. The consequence of NADH/NAD(+) redox imbalance is initially reductive stress that eventually leads to oxidative stress and oxidative damage to macromolecules, including DNA, lipids, and proteins. Accordingly, redox imbalance-triggered oxidative damage has been thought to be a major factor contributing to the development of diabetes and its complications. Future studies on restoring NADH/NAD(+) redox balance could provide further insights into design of novel antidiabetic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
- Department of Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Basic Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
- Correspondence: Liang-Jun Yan, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA, Tel +1 817 735 2386, Fax +1 817 735 2603, Email
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Al-Bayati MA, Jamil DA, Al-Aubaidy HA. Cardiovascular effects of copper deficiency on activity of superoxide dismutase in diabetic nephropathy. NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2015; 7:41-6. [PMID: 25789247 PMCID: PMC4358047 DOI: 10.4103/1947-2714.152077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper (Cu) is essential both for its role in antioxidant enzymes, like Cu/zinc (Zn) superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ceruloplasmin, as well as its role in lysyl oxidase, essential for the strength and integrity of the heart and blood vessels. With such a central role in cardiovascular health, Cu has been generally overlooked in the debate over improving our cardiovascular health. Cu deficiency has produced many of the same abnormalities present in cardiovascular disease. It seems almost certain that Cu plays a large role in the development of this killer disease, not because of its excess in the diet, but rather its deficiency. AIM This study was undertaken to investigate the cardiovascular effects of Cu deficiency on the activity of SOD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with and without diabetic nephropathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-five patients with T2DM were recruited in this study which were divided into two subgroups based on the presence of microalbuminuria, the first group (microal buminuric group, n = 31) had a microalbuminuria between 30 and 299 μg/mg. The second group (normoal buminuric group, n = 29) had an albumin level less than 30 μg/mg. The two diabetic groups were compared to the control group (n = 37). RESULTS The results of our study showed a significant reduction in the levels of SOD enzyme associated with an increased urinary Cu excretion in microalbuminuric group compared to the control group at P < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS The current study illustrates that the regulation of the blood concentrations of Cu may be a potential therapeutic target for prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Al-Bayati
- Department of Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Dina A Jamil
- School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, New South Wales, Australia
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Poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase inhibition ameliorates hind limb ischemia reperfusion injury in a murine model of type 2 diabetes. Ann Surg 2014; 258:1087-95. [PMID: 23549425 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0b013e31828cced3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes is known to increase poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase (PARP) activity and posttranslational poly-ADP-ribosylation of several regulatory proteins involved in inflammation and energy metabolism. These experiments test the hypothesis that PARP inhibition will modulate hind limb ischemia reperfusion (IR) in a mouse model of type-II diabetes and ameliorate the ribosylation and the activity/transnuclear localization of the key glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). METHODS db/db mice underwent 1.5 hours of hind limb ischemia followed by 1, 7, or 24 hours of reperfusion. The treatment group received the PARP inhibitor PJ34 (PJ34) over a 24-hour period; the untreated group received Lactated Ringer (LR) at the same time points. IR muscles were analyzed for indices of PARP activity, fiber injury, metabolic activity, inflammation, GAPDH activity/intracellular localization, and poly-ADP-ribosylation of GAPDH. RESULTS PARP activity was significantly lower in the PJ34-treated groups than in the Lactated Ringer group at 7 and 24 hours of reperfusion. There was significantly less muscle fiber injury in the PJ34-treated group than in the Lactated Ringer-treated mice at 24 hours of reperfusion. PJ34 lowered levels of select proinflammatory molecules at 7 hours and 24 hours of IR. There were significant increases in metabolic activity only at 24 hours of IR in the PJ34 group, which temporally correlated with increase in GAPDH activity, decreased GAPDH poly-ADP-ribosylation, and nuclear translocation of GAPDH. CONCLUSIONS PJ34 reduced PARP activity, GAPDH ribosylation, and GAPDH translocation; ameliorated muscle fiber injury; and increased metabolic activity after hind limb IR injury in a murine model of type-II diabetes. PARP inhibition might be a therapeutic strategy after IR in diabetic humans.
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Curtin N, Szabo C. Therapeutic applications of PARP inhibitors: anticancer therapy and beyond. Mol Aspects Med 2013; 34:1217-56. [PMID: 23370117 PMCID: PMC3657315 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2013.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this article is to describe the current and potential clinical translation of pharmacological inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) for the therapy of various diseases. The first section of the present review summarizes the available preclinical and clinical data with PARP inhibitors in various forms of cancer. In this context, the role of PARP in single-strand DNA break repair is relevant, leading to replication-associated lesions that cannot be repaired if homologous recombination repair (HRR) is defective, and the synthetic lethality of PARP inhibitors in HRR-defective cancer. HRR defects are classically associated with BRCA1 and 2 mutations associated with familial breast and ovarian cancer, but there may be many other causes of HRR defects. Thus, PARP inhibitors may be the drugs of choice for BRCA mutant breast and ovarian cancers, and extend beyond these tumors if appropriate biomarkers can be developed to identify HRR defects. Multiple lines of preclinical data demonstrate that PARP inhibition increases cytotoxicity and tumor growth delay in combination with temozolomide, topoisomerase inhibitors and ionizing radiation. Both single agent and combination clinical trials are underway. The final part of the first section of the present review summarizes the current status of the various PARP inhibitors that are in various stages of clinical development. The second section of the present review summarizes the role of PARP in selected non-oncologic indications. In a number of severe, acute diseases (such as stroke, neurotrauma, circulatory shock and acute myocardial infarction) the clinical translatability of PARP inhibition is supported by multiple lines of preclinical data, as well as observational data demonstrating PARP activation in human tissue samples. In these disease indications, PARP overactivation due to oxidative and nitrative stress drives cell necrosis and pro-inflammatory gene expression, which contributes to disease pathology. Accordingly, multiple lines of preclinical data indicate the efficacy of PARP inhibitors to preserve viable tissue and to down-regulate inflammatory responses. As the clinical trials with PARP inhibitors in various forms of cancer progress, it is hoped that a second line of clinical investigations, aimed at testing of PARP inhibitors for various non-oncologic indications, will be initiated, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Curtin
- Department of Experimental Cancer Therapy, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Chu CS, Lee KT, Cheng KH, Lee MY, Kuo HF, Lin TH, Su HM, Voon WC, Sheu SH, Lai WT. Postchallenge responses of nitrotyrosine and TNF-alpha during 75-g oral glucose tolerance test are associated with the presence of coronary artery diseases in patients with prediabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2012; 11:21. [PMID: 22397368 PMCID: PMC3316140 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-11-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meta-analysis has demonstrated an exponential relationship between 2-hr postchallenge hyperglycemia and coronary artery disease (CAD). Pulsatile hyperglycemia can acutely increase proinflammatory cytokines by oxidative stress. We hypothesized that postchallenge proinflammatory and nitrosative responses after 75 g oral glucose tolerance tests (75 g-OGTT) might be associated with CAD in patients without previously recognized type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Serial changes of plasma glucose (PG), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and nitrotyrosine levels were analyzed during 75 g-OGTT in 120 patients (81 male; age 62 ± 11 years) before coronary angiography. Patients were classified as normal (NGT; 42%), impaired (IGT; 34%) and diabetic (T2DM; 24%) glucose tolerance by 75 g-OGTT. RESULTS Postchallenge hyperglycemia elicited TNF-α, IL-6 and nitrotyrosine levels time-dependently, and 2-hr median levels of TNF-α (7.1 versus 6.4 pg/ml; P < 0.05) and nitrotyrosine (1.01 versus 0.83 μmol/l; P < 0.05), but not IL-6 or PG, were significantly higher in patients with CAD in either IGT or T2DM groups. After adjusting risk factors and glucose tolerance status, 2-hr nitrotyrosine in highest quartiles (OR: 3.1, P < 0.05) remained an independent predictor of CAD by logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight postchallenge proinflammatory and nitrosative responses by 75 g-OGTT, rather than hyperglycemia per se, are associated with CAD in patients without previous recognized diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Sheng Chu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tai Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Hong Cheng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yi Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Fu Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsien Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Ming Su
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chol Voon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hsiung Sheu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ter Lai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Capobianco E, White V, Sosa M, Di Marco I, Basualdo MN, Faingold MC, Jawerbaum A. Regulation of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 activities by peroxynitrites in term placentas from type 2 diabetic patients. Reprod Sci 2012; 19:814-22. [PMID: 22344735 DOI: 10.1177/1933719111434544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are proteolytic enzymes related to a proinflammatory environment in several diseases, including diabetes, which can be activated by reactive nitrogen species. This work aimed to determine MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities and nitration in term placentas from type 2 diabetic patients and verify the hypothesis that peroxynitrites are positive regulators of placental MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities. For this purpose, term placentas from healthy and type 2 diabetic patients were analyzed for MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels and activities, protein nitration, and nitration of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Villous explants were cultured in the presence of peroxynitrites for further evaluation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities. We found that MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were increased in term placentas from diabetic patients. These changes were found even when MMP-2 protein concentrations were diminished and MMP-9 protein concentrations were not changed in the diabetic group. Increased protein nitration and specific nitration of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were found in term placentas from diabetic patients. Peroxynitrites were able to increase the activity of placental MMP-2 and MMP-9. Taken together, this study has shown for first time that peroxynitrites can nitrate and activate MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the placenta, a nitrative pathway possibly related to MMPs overactivity in the placentas from type 2 diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelina Capobianco
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism. CEFYBO-CONICET, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Abstract
The nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of various forms of critical illness. DNA strand breaks induced by oxidative and nitrative stress trigger the activation of PARP, and PARP, in turn, mediates cell death and promotes proinflammatory responses. Until recently, most studies focused on the role of PARP in solid organs such as heart, liver, and kidney. We investigated the effect of burn and smoke inhalation on the levels of poly(ADP-ribosylated) proteins in circulating sheep leukocytes ex vivo. Adult female merino sheep were subjected to burn injury (2× 20% each flank, 3 degrees) and smoke inhalation injury (insufflated with a total of 48 breaths of cotton smoke) under deep anesthesia. Arterial and venous blood was collected at baseline, immediately after the injury and 1 to 24 h after the injury. Leukocytes were isolated with the Histopaque method. The levels of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated proteins were determined by Western blotting. The amount of reactive oxygen species was quantified by the OxyBlot method. To examine whether PARP activation continues to increase ex vivo in the leukocytes, blood samples were incubated at room temperature or at 37°C for 3 h with or without the PARP inhibitor PJ34. To investigate whether the plasma of burn/smoke animals may trigger PARP activation, burn/smoke plasma was incubated with control leukocytes in vitro. The results show that burn and smoke injury induced a marked PARP activation in circulating leukocytes. The activity was the highest immediately after injury and at 1 h and decreased gradually over time. Incubation of whole blood at 37°C for 3 h significantly increased poly(ADP-ribose) levels, indicative of the presence of an ongoing cell activation process. In conclusion, PARP activity is elevated in leukocytes after burn and smoke inhalation injury, and the response parallels the time course of reactive oxygen species generation in these cells.
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Mormile R, Vittori G, De Michele M, Squarcia U, Quaini F. Is a deceptive role of IGF-1 in Sirt1–PARP1 interactions the primary step of postnatal regression of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in infants of diabetic mothers? Int J Cardiol 2012; 154:87-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Lappas M, Hiden U, Desoye G, Froehlich J, Hauguel-de Mouzon S, Jawerbaum A. The role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 15:3061-100. [PMID: 21675877 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Normal human pregnancy is considered a state of enhanced oxidative stress. In pregnancy, it plays important roles in embryo development, implantation, placental development and function, fetal development, and labor. However, pathologic pregnancies, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), are associated with a heightened level of oxidative stress, owing to both overproduction of free radicals and/or a defect in the antioxidant defenses. This has important implications on the mother, placental function, and fetal well-being. Animal models of diabetes have confirmed the important role of oxidative stress in the etiology of congenital malformations; the relative immaturity of the antioxidant system facilitates the exposure of embryos and fetuses to the damaging effects of oxidative stress. Of note, there are only a few clinical studies evaluating the potential beneficial effects of antioxidants in GDM. Thus, whether or not increased antioxidant intake can reduce the complications of GDM in both mother and fetus needs to be explored. This review provides an overview and updated data on our current understanding of the complications associated with oxidative changes in GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Lappas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
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28
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Gelisgen R, Genc H, Kayali R, Oncul M, Benian A, Guralp O, Uludag S, Cakatay U, Albayrak M, Uzun H. Protein oxidation markers in women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus: a possible relation with paraoxonase activity. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2011; 94:404-9. [PMID: 21885148 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Revised: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To clarify the levels of protein oxidation markers such as protein carbonyl (PCO), protein hydroperoxides (P-OOH), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and nitrotyrosine (NT), as well as antioxidative enzymes such as paraoxonase (PON-1) in women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS The study was conducted on 23 women with GDM and 22 women without GDM. The levels of the P-OOH, AOPP, and PON-1 were determined by colorimetric methods; whereas NT and PCO levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS The concentrations of protein oxidation markers were significantly increased and PON1 activity was significantly decreased in GDM group compared to those of normal pregnant women. The control group showed a significant negative correlation between PON-1 and PCO (r=-0.451, p=0.027); whereas in GDM group, there was a significant positive correlation between P-OOH and HbA1c (r=0.89, p=0.001). There was no significant correlation between AOPP, PON-1, P-OOH, PCO, and HbA1c in either group. CONCLUSIONS There is evidence of a possible association between protein oxidation and decreased PON1 activity in GDM. The increase in protein oxidation parameters in the GDM group leading to decreased PON1 activity might, we think, create a predisposition for clinical complications in GDM group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remise Gelisgen
- Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
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Stadler K. Peroxynitrite-driven mechanisms in diabetes and insulin resistance - the latest advances. Curr Med Chem 2011; 18:280-90. [PMID: 21110800 DOI: 10.2174/092986711794088317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Accepted: 11/20/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery, peroxynitrite has been known as a potent oxidant in biological systems, and a rapidly growing body of literature has characterized its biochemistry and role in the pathophysiology of various conditions. Either directly or by inducing free radical pathways, peroxynitrite damages vital biomolecules such as DNA, proteins including enzymes with important functions, and lipids. It also initiates diverse reactions leading eventually to disrupted cell signaling, cell death, and apoptosis. The potential role and contribution of this deleterious species has been the subject of investigation in several important diseases, including but not limited to, cancer, neurodegeneration, stroke, inflammatory conditions, cardiovascular problems, and diabetes mellitus. Diabetes, obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes-related complications represent a major health problem at epidemic levels. Therefore, tremendous efforts have been put into investigation of the molecular basics of peroxynitrite-related mechanisms in diabetes. Studies constantly seek new therapeutical approaches in order to eliminate or decrease the level of peroxynitrite, or to interfere with its downstream mechanisms. This review is intended to emphasize the latest findings about peroxynitrite and diabetes, and, in addition, to discuss recent and novel advances that are likely to contribute to a better understanding of peroxynitrite-mediated damage in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Stadler
- Oxidative Stress and Disease Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, 6400 Perkins Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
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Horvath EM, Zsengellér ZK, Szabo C. Quantification of PARP activity in human tissues: ex vivo assays in blood cells and immunohistochemistry in human biopsies. Methods Mol Biol 2011; 780:267-75. [PMID: 21870266 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-270-0_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation of proteins is a posttranslational modification mediated by poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) that uses NAD(+) as substrate to form the negatively charged polymer of poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR). After DNA damage, PARP-1 is responsible for approximately 90% of the total cellular PARylation activity. Numerous studies showed activation of PARP-1 in various conditions associated with oxidative and nitrosative stress, such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, diabetes mellitus, and inflammation, and also proved the beneficial effects of PARP inhibitors. Pharmacological inhibitors of PARP move toward clinical testing for a variety of indications, including cardioprotection and malignant tumors. Some of the compounds are already in clinical trials. These advances necessitate the detection of PARP activation in human tissues. In the present chapter, we review specific methods used to detect PARP activation in human circulating leukocytes and human tissue sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter M Horvath
- Institute of Human Physiology and Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Liu Y, He R. Fasting induces a high level of 3-nitrotyrosine in the brain of rats. Neurosci Lett 2010; 472:204-9. [PMID: 20149840 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2009] [Revised: 02/01/2010] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although the relationship between hyperglycemia (using diabetic animal model) and plasma nitrotyrosine level has been studied, the effect of hypoglycemia on nitrotyrosine level in the brain has not been addressed. Here, we evaluated nitration of protein, the colocalization of nitration with alpha-synuclein, activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase, and nitric oxide content using fasting and diabetic animal models. The results showed that signals of alpha-synuclein were widely distributed in most parts of the pallium, midbrain, hippocampus and cerebellum, as indicated by immunohistochemistry. Most signals of the 3-nitrotyrosine were colocalized with those of alpha-synuclein in the midbrain of fasting rats. The level of proteins containing 3-nitrotyrosine was significantly increased in the brain of fasting rats in Western blotting, especially in the midbrain, compared with control rats. In addition, the 3-nitrotyrosine signals increased in hippocampus of diabetic rats. Immunoprecipitation showed that alpha-synuclein was nitrated in the fasting rats. The iNOS activity and nitric oxide levels were significantly increased in both fasting and diabetic animals. The enhanced 3-nitrotyrosine level in the brain of fasting rats suggests that nitration of protein including alpha-synuclein in the midbrain is more affected by hypoglycemia in fasting than hyperglycemia in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
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