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Nguyen A, Nagykaldi Z, Bui T, Chen S, Businelle M, Eschiti V, Dwyer K. mHealth Intervention for Vietnamese Living With Diabetes: Protocol for a Stepped Wedge Pilot Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e48585. [PMID: 37768716 PMCID: PMC10570894 DOI: 10.2196/48585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence indicates participation in a diabetes self-management education and support program improves self-care behaviors and hemoglobin A1c. Language and cultural differences may be barriers to program participation resulting in ineffective self-management, but these factors can be addressed with appropriate interventions. Given the high health care costs associated with diabetes complications, we developed a multicomponent, culturally tailored Self-Management Mobile Health Intervention for US Vietnamese With Diabetes (SMart-D). OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the SMart-D intervention's feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness with intentions to scale up the intervention in the future. This mixed methods study incorporates the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance framework to evaluate the intervention. METHODS This stepped wedge randomized controlled pilot study will be conducted over 2 years in collaboration with primary care clinics. Eligible participants are patients with type 2 diabetes who are receiving health care from participating clinics. Clinics will be randomly assigned to an implementation date and will begin with patients enrolling in the control period while receiving standard care, then cross over to the intervention period where patients receive standard care plus the SMart-D intervention for over 12 weeks. Focus groups or interviews will be conducted with clinicians and patients after study completion. Qualitative data will be analyzed using NVivo. Outcomes on self-care behavior changes will be measured with the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities scale and clinical changes will be measured using laboratory tests. A generalized linear mixed-effect model will be used to compute time effect, clustering effect, and the interaction of the control and intervention periods using SAS (version 9.4; SAS Institute). RESULTS We hypothesize that (1) at least 50% (n=5) of eligible clinics and 50% (n=40) of eligible patients who are invited will participate, and at least 70% (n=56) of patients will complete the program, and (2) patients who receive the intervention will have improved self-care behaviors and clinical test results with at least 75% (n=60) of the patients maintaining improved outcomes at follow-up visits compared with baseline, and participants will verbalize that the intervention is feasible and acceptable. As of August 2023, we enrolled 10 clinics and 60 patients. Baseline data results will be available by the end of 2023 and outcome data will be published in 2025. CONCLUSIONS This is the first Vietnamese diabetes self-management education and support intervention that leverages mobile health technology to address the barriers of language and culture differences through collaboration with primary care clinics. This study will provide a better understanding of the implementation process, demonstrate the potential effectiveness of the intervention, accelerate the pace of moving evidence-based interventions to practice among the US Vietnamese population, and potentially provide a replicable implementation model that can be culturally adapted to other non-English speaking ethnic minorities. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/48585.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nguyen
- Fran and Earl Ziegler College of Nursing, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Zsolt Nagykaldi
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Thanh Bui
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Sixia Chen
- Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Michael Businelle
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Valerie Eschiti
- Fran and Earl Ziegler College of Nursing, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Kathleen Dwyer
- Fran and Earl Ziegler College of Nursing, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
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Govindasamy S, Beek K, Yates K, Jayasuriya R, Reynolds R, de Wit JBF, Harris M. Experiences of overweight and obese patients with diabetes and practice nurses during implementation of a brief weight management intervention in general practice settings serving Culturally and Linguistically Diverse disadvantaged populations. Aust J Prim Health 2023; 29:358-364. [PMID: 36502858 DOI: 10.1071/py22013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the perspectives of overweight and obese patients with diabetes from culturally and linguistically diverse, and disadvantaged backgrounds, as well as practice nurses (PNs) during implementation of a brief PN-supported self-regulation nutrition strategy for weight management in general practice settings serving disadvantaged populations. METHODS During intervention implementation, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 patients and four nurses in two general practices located in metropolitan suburbs in Sydney, Australia. RESULTS Patients and PNs found challenges related to cultural expectations and the requirement of patients to set and adhere to dietary change goals and behaviours. Although patients expressed high levels of satisfaction with PNs, the suitability of the intervention to this group was questioned by PNs. Obstacles were also encountered in delivering the intervention in a busy general practice setting. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study provided initial evidence of the acceptability of a self-regulation nutrition intervention for weight management for overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes that was delivered by PNs. Cultural expectations of provider-patient roles, the type of intervention and flexibility in the workplace are important future considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumathi Govindasamy
- University of New South, School of Population Health, Samuels Building, F25, Samuel Terry Avenue, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia
| | - Kristen Beek
- University of New South, School of Population Health, Samuels Building, F25, Samuel Terry Avenue, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia
| | - Ken Yates
- Western Sydney University, School of Social Sciences, 100 Macquarie Street, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Rohan Jayasuriya
- University of New South, School of Population Health, Samuels Building, F25, Samuel Terry Avenue, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia
| | - Rebecca Reynolds
- University of New South, School of Population Health, Samuels Building, F25, Samuel Terry Avenue, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia
| | - John B F de Wit
- UNSW Sydney, Centre for Social Research in Health, Level 2, Goodsell Building, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia; and Utrecht University, Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, PO Box 80140, 3508 TC Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mark Harris
- University of New South, School of Population Health, Samuels Building, F25, Samuel Terry Avenue, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia; and University of New South Wales, Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, 3rd Floor AGSM Building, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Gu Hong WC, Ferri J, Ampudia-Blasco FJ, Martín-Brufau R, Peiró M, Benito E, Martinez-Hervas S, Sanz MJ, Real JT. Effect of personality on blood glucose control in patients with type 1 diabetes. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2022; 69:677-685. [PMID: 36470643 DOI: 10.1016/j.endien.2021.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) has a major impact on young people and their families. Psychosocial factors, patient motivation, participation and acceptance of the disease are essential to achieve good blood glucose control. Our aims were to analyse personality traits and how they are related to blood glucose control in patients with DM1. METHODS Sixty-two patients with DM1 over 18 years of age, with at least one-year disease duration and absence of advanced chronic complications were studied. Clinical, biological and personality parameters were measured. The Millon Index of Personality Styles was administered for personality assessment. RESULTS Significant correlations between different personality variables and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) values were found. Individuals with poor blood glucose control had significantly higher scores on the Feeling-guided (53.6±25.7 vs 36.2±26.8, p=0.021), Innovation-seeking (36.7±24.1 vs 21.9±21.4, p=0.025), Dissenting (41.1±24.4 vs 15.6±16.6, p=0.001), Submissive (41.5±25.1 vs 28.3±14.7, p=0.038) and Dissatisfied (37.5±27.5 vs 19.5±20.2, p=0.015) scales. This psychological profile is characterised by greater focus on emotions and personal values (feeling-guided), the tendency to reject conventional ideas (innovation-seeking), an aversion to complying with norms and a preference for autonomy (unconventional/dissenting), labile self-confidence (submissive/yielding) and expressed disagreement with others (dissatisfied/complaining). Factor analysis based on the main components of the variance yielded four factors. Factor characterised as related to rebelliousness or independent judgement and action was correlated with poor blood glucose control (r=0.402, p<0.05). CONCLUSION The rebellious or non-conformist personality type is closely associated with poor blood glucose control in patients with DM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Chen Gu Hong
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Ferri
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research of Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Ampudia-Blasco
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research of Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Marta Peiró
- Institute of Health Research of Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) [Network Centre for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases], Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Benito
- Institute of Health Research of Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) [Network Centre for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases], Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Martinez-Hervas
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research of Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) [Network Centre for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases], Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Jesús Sanz
- Institute of Health Research of Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) [Network Centre for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases], Madrid, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Tomás Real
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research of Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) [Network Centre for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases], Madrid, Spain
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Gu Hong WC, Ferri J, Ampudia-Blasco FJ, Martín-Brufau R, Peiró M, Benito E, Martinez-Hervas S, Sanz MJ, Real JT. Effect of personality on blood glucose control in patients with type 1 diabetes. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Winkley K, Upsher R, Stahl D, Pollard D, Kasera A, Brennan A, Heller S, Ismail K. Psychological interventions to improve self-management of type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review. Health Technol Assess 2021; 24:1-232. [PMID: 32568666 DOI: 10.3310/hta24280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For people with diabetes mellitus to achieve optimal glycaemic control, motivation to perform self-management is important. The research team wanted to determine whether or not psychological interventions are clinically effective and cost-effective in increasing self-management and improving glycaemic control. OBJECTIVES The first objective was to determine the clinical effectiveness of psychological interventions for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus and people with type 2 diabetes mellitus so that they have improved (1) glycated haemoglobin levels, (2) diabetes self-management and (3) quality of life, and fewer depressive symptoms. The second objective was to determine the cost-effectiveness of psychological interventions. DATA SOURCES The following databases were accessed (searches took place between 2003 and 2016): MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Web of Science, and Dissertation Abstracts International. Diabetes conference abstracts, reference lists of included studies and Clinicaltrials.gov trial registry were also searched. REVIEW METHODS Systematic review, aggregate meta-analysis, network meta-analysis, individual patient data meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness modelling were all used. Risk of bias of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook (Higgins JP, Altman DG, Gøtzsche PC, Jüni P, Moher D, Oxman AD, et al. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ 2011;343:d5928). DESIGN Systematic review, meta-analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis and patient and public consultation were all used. SETTING Settings in primary or secondary care were included. PARTICIPANTS Adolescents and children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and adults with types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus were included. INTERVENTIONS The interventions used were psychological treatments, including and not restricted to cognitive-behavioural therapy, counselling, family therapy and psychotherapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Glycated haemoglobin levels, self-management behaviours, body mass index, blood pressure levels, depressive symptoms and quality of life were all used as outcome measures. RESULTS A total of 96 studies were included in the systematic review (n = 18,659 participants). In random-effects meta-analysis, data on glycated haemoglobin levels were available for seven studies conducted in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (n = 851 participants) that demonstrated a pooled mean difference of -0.13 (95% confidence interval -0.33 to 0.07), a non-significant decrease in favour of psychological treatment; 18 studies conducted in adolescents/children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (n = 2583 participants) that demonstrated a pooled mean difference of 0.00 (95% confidence interval -0.18 to 0.18), indicating no change; and 49 studies conducted in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 12,009 participants) that demonstrated a pooled mean difference of -0.21 (95% confidence interval -0.31 to -0.10), equivalent to reduction in glycated haemoglobin levels of -0.33% or ≈3.5 mmol/mol. For type 2 diabetes mellitus, there was evidence that psychological interventions improved dietary behaviour and quality of life but not blood pressure, body mass index or depressive symptoms. The results of the network meta-analysis, which considers direct and indirect effects of multiple treatment comparisons, suggest that, for adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (7 studies; 968 participants), attention control and cognitive-behavioural therapy are clinically effective and cognitive-behavioural therapy is cost-effective. For adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (49 studies; 12,409 participants), cognitive-behavioural therapy and counselling are effective and cognitive-behavioural therapy is potentially cost-effective. The results of the individual patient data meta-analysis for adolescents/children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (9 studies; 1392 participants) suggest that there were main effects for age and diabetes duration. For adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (19 studies; 3639 participants), baseline glycated haemoglobin levels moderated treatment outcome. LIMITATIONS Aggregate meta-analysis was limited to glycaemic control for type 1 diabetes mellitus. It was not possible to model cost-effectiveness for adolescents/children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and modelling for type 2 diabetes mellitus involved substantial uncertainty. The individual patient data meta-analysis included only 40-50% of studies. CONCLUSIONS This review suggests that psychological treatments offer minimal clinical benefit in improving glycated haemoglobin levels for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, there was no evidence of benefit compared with control interventions in improving glycated haemoglobin levels for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus. FUTURE WORK Future work should consider the competency of the interventionists delivering a therapy and psychological approaches that are matched to a person and their life course. STUDY REGISTRATION This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42016033619. FUNDING This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 24, No. 28. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Winkley
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Upsher
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel Stahl
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel Pollard
- Health Economics and Decision Science, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Architaa Kasera
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alan Brennan
- Health Economics and Decision Science, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Simon Heller
- Academic Unit of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Khalida Ismail
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Reading JM, Snell LM, LaRose JG. A systematic review of weight-related communication trainings for physicians. Transl Behav Med 2021; 10:1110-1119. [PMID: 33044535 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibaa014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a leading cause of preventable death in the USA. Given the high number of adults seeking routine health care services, physicians have an opportunity to address weight loss during routine clinical encounters. It's often reported that physicians lack the training to address weight. Training programs are implemented in medical settings to prepare physicians to have conversations with patients. Yet, the degree of consistency among training programs and factors associated with better outcomes is unclear. The purpose of this study is to systematically review literature in physician communication trainings related to weight-to compare the content, outcomes, and implementation of existing studies examining weight-related communication training programs for physicians and determine factors associated with physician and patient outcomes. Articles were extracted from PubMed, Proquest, and Embase. Search terms included: health communication, physician training, weight, and obesity. Studies implementing a training program addressing weight among physicians were included. Trainings using either motivational interviewing (MI) or 5 As (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and Arrange) framework found improvements in physicians' communication skills. A small number of trainings including experiential components were also associated with improvements in positive physician outcomes. Findings suggest trainings based in MI or 5 As framework improve physicians' communication skills, but few programs affected patient outcomes. Gaps remain with trainings that can demonstrate weight loss in patients. While work is needed to enhance the effects of these trainings on patient outcomes, data suggest that trainings should be longer in duration and include an experiential component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean M Reading
- Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - L Morgan Snell
- Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jessica Gokee LaRose
- Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
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Kaczmarek T, Kavanagh DJ, Lazzarini PA, Warnock J, Van Netten JJ. Training diabetes healthcare practitioners in motivational interviewing: a systematic review. Health Psychol Rev 2021; 16:430-449. [PMID: 33970799 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2021.1926308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes presents significant self-care challenges that require sustained motivation. Motivational Interviewing (MI) has substantial support in enhancing motivation for behavioural change, but its effective application in routine healthcare requires practitioners to acquire and use related skills. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the impact of MI training on MI-related skills of practitioners who provide diabetes healthcare. PubMed, EMBASE and PsycINFO were searched using the terms motivational interviewing, motivation enhancement, and diabetes. Two assessors independently screened titles, abstracts and full texts for papers reporting the impact of MI training on diabetes healthcare practitioners' outcomes. Of 625 abstracts screened, 22 papers from 17 unique studies were included. All 17 studies reported some improvement in MI skills, with 14 finding improvements in more than 50% and three less than 35%. However, the risk of bias and outcome measures varied widely between studies. All studies showed diabetes healthcare practitioners acquired and applied MI skills post-training, to varying levels. Findings suggest training should include education, role play, and ongoing supervision to maintain skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey Kaczmarek
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Podiatry, Metro North Hospital & Health Service, Queensland Health, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David J Kavanagh
- Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Psychology & Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Peter A Lazzarini
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Allied Health Research Collaborative, Metro North Hospital & Health Service, Queensland Health, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jason Warnock
- Department of Podiatry, Metro North Hospital & Health Service, Queensland Health, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jaap J Van Netten
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Rehabilitation, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Smith TB, Workman C, Andrews C, Barton B, Cook M, Layton R, Morrey A, Petersen D, Holt-Lunstad J. Effects of psychosocial support interventions on survival in inpatient and outpatient healthcare settings: A meta-analysis of 106 randomized controlled trials. PLoS Med 2021; 18:e1003595. [PMID: 34003832 PMCID: PMC8130925 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospitals, clinics, and health organizations have provided psychosocial support interventions for medical patients to supplement curative care. Prior reviews of interventions augmenting psychosocial support in medical settings have reported mixed outcomes. This meta-analysis addresses the questions of how effective are psychosocial support interventions in improving patient survival and which potential moderating features are associated with greater effectiveness. METHODS AND FINDINGS We evaluated randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of psychosocial support interventions in inpatient and outpatient healthcare settings reporting survival data, including studies reporting disease-related or all-cause mortality. Literature searches included studies reported January 1980 through October 2020 accessed from Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Alt HealthWatch, PsycINFO, Social Work Abstracts, and Google Scholar databases. At least 2 reviewers screened studies, extracted data, and assessed study quality, with at least 2 independent reviewers also extracting data and assessing study quality. Odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) data were analyzed separately using random effects weighted models. Of 42,054 studies searched, 106 RCTs including 40,280 patients met inclusion criteria. Patient average age was 57.2 years, with 52% females and 48% males; 42% had cardiovascular disease (CVD), 36% had cancer, and 22% had other conditions. Across 87 RCTs reporting data for discrete time periods, the average was OR = 1.20 (95% CI = 1.09 to 1.31, p < 0.001), indicating a 20% increased likelihood of survival among patients receiving psychosocial support compared to control groups receiving standard medical care. Among those studies, psychosocial interventions explicitly promoting health behaviors yielded improved likelihood of survival, whereas interventions without that primary focus did not. Across 22 RCTs reporting survival time, the average was HR = 1.29 (95% CI = 1.12 to 1.49, p < 0.001), indicating a 29% increased probability of survival over time among intervention recipients compared to controls. Among those studies, meta-regressions identified 3 moderating variables: control group type, patient disease severity, and risk of research bias. Studies in which control groups received health information/classes in addition to treatment as usual (TAU) averaged weaker effects than those in which control groups received only TAU. Studies with patients having relatively greater disease severity tended to yield smaller gains in survival time relative to control groups. In one of 3 analyses, studies with higher risk of research bias tended to report better outcomes. The main limitation of the data is that interventions very rarely blinded personnel and participants to study arm, such that expectations for improvement were not controlled. CONCLUSIONS In this meta-analysis, OR data indicated that psychosocial behavioral support interventions promoting patient motivation/coping to engage in health behaviors improved patient survival, but interventions focusing primarily on patients' social or emotional outcomes did not prolong life. HR data indicated that psychosocial interventions, predominantly focused on social or emotional outcomes, improved survival but yielded similar effects to health information/classes and were less effective among patients with apparently greater disease severity. Risk of research bias remains a plausible threat to data interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy B. Smith
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Connor Workman
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Caleb Andrews
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Bonnie Barton
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Matthew Cook
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Ryan Layton
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Morrey
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Devin Petersen
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Julianne Holt-Lunstad
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
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Alvarado-Martel D, Boronat M, Alberiche-Ruano MDP, Algara-González MA, Ramallo-Fariña Y, Wägner AM. Motivational Interviewing and Self-Care in Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Study Protocol. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:574312. [PMID: 33362714 PMCID: PMC7759186 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.574312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 1 diabetes is a disease with complex therapeutic recommendations that require day-to-day lifestyle changes. Motivational Interviewing is a communication tool that has proved effective in changing behaviors in people with addictions, obesity and type 2 diabetes. Our objective is to evaluate the effects of a Motivational Interviewing intervention in people with type 1 diabetes. Methods Sixty-six patients with type 1 diabetes and hemoglobin A1c >= 8% have been included and randomly assigned (computer-generated sequence, sealed envelopes, ratio 1:1) either to the intervention or to the control group. In the intervention group, appointments every 4 months with the endocrinologist include Motivational Interviewing; in the control group, the appointments proceed as usual. Patients will be followed for 16 months. The primary outcome will be self-care behaviors, assessed by a validated questionnaire, the Diabetes Self-Care Inventory-Revised Version. Secondary outcomes include: HbA1c, motivation for self-care, self-efficacy, health-related quality of life, satisfaction with professional-patient relationship, and fulfillment of patients' own objectives. The practitioners receive training in Motivational Interviewing in order to help them promote adherence to self-care, encourage patient motivation and improve the doctor-patient relationship. The Motivational Interviewing intervention will be evaluated by two psychologists, blinded to the assigned treatment, through video recordings of the sessions and the administration of a purpose-built questionnaire, the EVEM 2.0 scale. Discussion There is evidence that MI can improve self-care in type 2 diabetes. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effect of MI on self-care and HbA1c in people with type 1 diabetes. Clinical Trial Registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03906786, identifier NCT03906786.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dácil Alvarado-Martel
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Insular Materno-Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Mauro Boronat
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Insular Materno-Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - María del Pino Alberiche-Ruano
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Insular Materno-Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - María Andrea Algara-González
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Yolanda Ramallo-Fariña
- Evaluation Unit (SESCS), Canary Islands Health Research Institute Foundation (FIISC), Tenerife, Spain
- Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M. Wägner
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Insular Materno-Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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Larsen RT, Korfitsen CB, Juhl CB, Andersen HB, Christensen J, Langberg H. The MIPAM trial: a 12-week intervention with motivational interviewing and physical activity monitoring to enhance the daily amount of physical activity in community-dwelling older adults - a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Geriatr 2020; 20:412. [PMID: 33081715 PMCID: PMC7576698 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01815-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical Activity Monitors (PAMs) have been shown to effectively enhance level of physical activity (PA) in older adults. Motivational interviewing is a person-centred model where participants are guided using self-reflection and counselling, and addresses the behavioural and psychological aspects of why people initiate health behaviour change by prompting increases in motivation and self-efficacy. The addition of motivational interviewing to PA interventions may increase the effectiveness of PAMs for older adults. METHODS This motivational interviewing and PA monitoring trial is designed as an investigator-blinded, two arm parallel group, randomized controlled superiority trial with primary endpoint after 12 weeks of intervention. The intervention group will receive a PAM-based intervention and motivational interviewing and the control group will only receive the PAM-based intervention. The primary outcome is PA, objectively measured as the average daily number of steps throughout the intervention period. Secondary outcome measures include self-reported PA health-related quality of life, loneliness, self-efficacy for exercise, outcome expectancy for exercise, and social relations. The outcomes will be analysed with a linear regression model investigating between-group differences, adjusted for baseline scores. Following the intention to treat principle, multiple imputation will be performed to handle missing values. DISCUSSION A moderate effect of daily PA measured using PAMs is expected in this superiority RCT investigating the effect of adding motivational interviewing to a PAM intervention. According to the World Health Organization, walking and cycling are key activities in regular PA and should be promoted. To increase the general public health and lower the burden of inactivity in older adults, cost-beneficial solutions should be investigated further. If this RCT shows that motivational interviewing can enhance the effect of PAM-based interventions, it might be included as an add-on intervention when appropriate. No matter what the results of this study will be, the conclusions will be relevant for clinicians as the dependence on technology is increasing, especially in relation to public health promotion. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03906162 , April 1, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Tolstrup Larsen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Social Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Christoffer Bruun Korfitsen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Social Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten Bogh Juhl
- Research Unit of Musculoskeletal Function and Physiotherapy, Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
| | | | - Jan Christensen
- Department of Occupational- and Physiotherapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,National Centre for Rehabilitation and Palliative Care, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henning Langberg
- Department of Public Health, Section for Health Services Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Li Z, Chen Q, Yan J, Liang W, Wong WCW. Effectiveness of motivational interviewing on improving Care for Patients with type 2 diabetes in China: A randomized controlled trial. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:57. [PMID: 31973759 PMCID: PMC6979352 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-019-4776-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To assess the effects of a motivational interviewing (MI)-based patient empowerment program (PEP) on type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patient self-management compared to traditional diabetes health education. Methods Two hundred and twenty-five patients, recruited from community health centers (CHCs) and the family medicine clinic in the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital in Shenzhen, were randomly assigned to the intervention or control groups. Patients in the intervention group (n = 117) received a four-session PEP in small groups over 1 month by trained nurses and doctors. The control group (n = 108) received the traditional lecture-style health education on DM. All the patients were followed up for 3 months. Outcomes included problem areas in diabetes (PAID) that measures diabetes-related emotional distress, patient enablement index (PEI), mental health, patient satisfaction respectively as well as lifestyle behaviors were assessed at baseline, post-activity and 3 months. Results At post-intervention and the 3-month follow-up, the PAID score improved significantly in the intervention group (12.7 ± 13.6, 5.8 ± 7.6) compared to the control group (22.7 ± 22.8, 11.7 ± 14.6). No difference was found between groups for changes to exercise, diet, and medication adherence. The PEI score improved significantly at the 3-month follow-up in the MI group (7.27 ± 2.45 vs 5.81 ± 2.97). Conclusion The PEP has a significant effect on improving diabetes-related distress, but MI was not significantly different from the traditional health education programs when it comes to the readiness to change. Trial registration NCT04120844, ClinicalTrials.Gov. Date of registration: October 9th 2019 (Retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Family Medicine Department, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingqi Chen
- Family Medicine Department, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingya Yan
- WHO Health Promoting Hospital Office, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Endocrinology Department, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - William C W Wong
- Family Medicine Department, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, China. .,Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, The University of Hong Kong, 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, China.
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12
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Schor A, Bergovoy-Yellin L, Landsberger D, Kolobov T, Baron-Epel O. Multidisciplinary work promotes preventive medicine and health education in primary care: a cross-sectional survey. Isr J Health Policy Res 2019; 8:50. [PMID: 31171033 PMCID: PMC6551853 DOI: 10.1186/s13584-019-0318-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preventive medicine and health education are among the strategies used in coping with chronic diseases. However, it is yet to be determined what effect do personal and organizational aspects have on its’ implementation in primary care. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in order to assess and compare preventive medicine and health education activities in three types of primary care models: solo working independent physicians, nurse-physician collaborations and teamwork (nurses, dietitians and social workers working alongside a physician). Questionnaires were emailed to 1203 health professionals between September and November 2015, working at Maccabi Healthcare Services, the second largest Israeli healthcare organization. Self-reported rates of health education groups conducted, proactive appointments scheduling and self-empowerment techniques use during routine appointments, were compared among the three models. Independent variables included clinic size as well as health professionals’ occupation, health behaviors and training. A series of multivariate linear regressions were performed in order to identify predictors of preventive medicine and health education implementation. Computerized health records (CHR) validated our self-report data through data regarding patients’ health behaviours and outcomes, including health education group registration, adherence to occult blood tests and influenza vaccinations as well as blood lipid levels. Results Responders included physicians, nurses, dietitians and social workers working at 921 clinics (n = 516, response rate = 31%). Higher rates of proactive appointments scheduling and health education groups were found in the Teamwork and Collaboration models, compared to the Independent Physician Model. Occupation (nurses and dietitians), group facilitation training and personal screening adherence were identified as preventive medicine and health education implementation predictors. Group registration, occult blood tests, healthy population’s well-controlled blood lipids as well as influenza vaccinations among chronically ill patients were all significantly higher in the Teamwork and Collaboration models, compared to the Independent Physician Model. Conclusions The Teamwork and Collaboration models presented higher rates of preventive medicine and health education implementation as well as higher rates of patients’ positive health behaviours documented in these models. This suggests multidisciplinary primary care models may contribute to population’s health by enhancing preventive medicine and health education implementation alongside health professionals’ characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet Schor
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel. .,, Sde-varburg, Israel.
| | - Lucia Bergovoy-Yellin
- Department of Health Services Research and Health Economics, Maccabi Healthcare Services, 27 Ha'Mered Street, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniel Landsberger
- Maccabi Healthcare Services, 3 Ha'Netsach Street, Ramat-Hasharon, Israel
| | - Tania Kolobov
- School of Education, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.,, Qyriat Bialik, Israel
| | - Orna Baron-Epel
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, 199 Abba khoushy Mount Carmel, 3498838, Haifa, Israel
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13
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Selçuk‐Tosun A, Zincir H. The effect of a transtheoretical model–based motivational interview on self‐efficacy, metabolic control, and health behaviour in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Pract 2019; 25:e12742. [DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Handan Zincir
- Faculty of Health SciencesErciyes University Kayseri Turkey
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14
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Factorial Structure and Psychometric Analysis of the Persian Version of Perceived Competence Scale for Diabetes (PCSD-P). Behav Sci (Basel) 2019; 9:bs9050050. [PMID: 31067721 PMCID: PMC6562669 DOI: 10.3390/bs9050050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As a basic psychological need, the level of perceived competence could expedite the achievement of diabetes self-management goals. Because of a lack of a specific data collection tool to measure the level of self-competence among Persian-speaking patients with diabetes, this study was conducted for (1) cross-cultural adaptation and (2) psychometric assessment of the Persian version of the Perceived Competence Scale for Diabetes (PCSD-P). Standard translation/back-translation procedure was carried out to prepare a preliminary draft of the PCSD-P. Content and face validities of the early draft were checked by an expert panel including 15 scholars in the field of health education and promotion as well as nursing education with experience of working and research on diabetes. The final drafted questionnaire was completed by 177 randomly selected patients with type 2 diabetes. On the basis of the collected data, the structural validity of the contrived version was appraised using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA, CFA). Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation (ICC) coefficients were used to check the scale’s reliability and internal consistency. The estimated measures of content validity index (CVI = 0.95) and content validity ratio (CVR = 0.8) were within the acceptable recommended range. The EFA analysis results demonstrated a single factor solution according to the items’ loadings for the corresponding component. The model fit indices, that is, root mean square error approximation (RMSEA = 0.000), comparative fit index (CFI = 1), Tucker–Lewis index (TLI = 1), incremental fit index (IFI = 1), normed fit index (NFI = 0.999), and relative fit index (RFI = 0.995), confirmed the consistency of the hypothesized one-factor solution. The values of the internal consistency and reliability coefficients were also in the vicinity of an acceptable range (α = 0.892, ICC = 0.886, P = 0.001). The study findings revealed good internal validity and applicability of the PCSD-P to measure the degree of self-competence among Persian-speaking type 2 diabetes patients to manage the chronic disease. Owing to unrepresentativeness of the study sample, future cross-cultural tests of PCSD-P are recommended on diverse and broader Persian-speaking populations.
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15
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Christensen MO, Berg AK, Rytter K, Hommel E, Thyssen JP, Svensson J, Nørgaard K. Skin Problems Due to Treatment with Technology Are Associated with Increased Disease Burden Among Adults with Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Technol Ther 2019; 21:215-221. [PMID: 30943072 DOI: 10.1089/dia.2019.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a 4-month follow-up survey, we examined whether treatment with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and/or continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in adults with type 1 diabetes was associated with sustained skin problems and whether skin problems were associated with diabetes-related emotional distress. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 111 adult patients completed a follow-up questionnaire concerning skin problems as a result of CSII and/or CGM use. The questionnaire included a patient-reported outcome measure, the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) scale. RESULTS Current visible skin problems caused by CSII or CGM use were reported by 51 (46.0%) participants, in 34 (66.7%) of whom skin problems had been reported more than 4 months earlier. Seventy-two (64.9%) participants reported skin problems as a result of CSII use, whereas 38 (74.5%) reported skin problems owing to CGM use at some time. Itching was the most prevalent complaint. CSII-related itching was associated with a mean PAID score >20 (P = 0.01), and patients with more than one skin problem had an increased PAID score compared with those with one or no skin problems (P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS More than half patients treated with CSII, CGM, or both had experienced skin problems during 4 months of follow-up that were associated with increased diabetes burden. Skin problems represent a persistent health issue affecting diabetes-specific emotional distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria O Christensen
- 1 University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- 2 Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Anna K Berg
- 1 University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- 3 Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (CPH-DIRECT), Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Karen Rytter
- 2 Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Eva Hommel
- 2 Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Jacob P Thyssen
- 4 Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Jannet Svensson
- 1 University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- 3 Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (CPH-DIRECT), Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Nørgaard
- 2 Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- 5 Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
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16
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Selçuk-Tosun A, Zincir H. The Effect on Health Outcomes of Post-Intervention Transtheoretical Model-Based Motivational Interview in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Follow up a Cross-Sectional Study. J Caring Sci 2019; 8:1-8. [PMID: 30915307 PMCID: PMC6428163 DOI: 10.15171/jcs.2019.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus were supported with the individual motivational interview in the previous randomized controlled trial. The aim of this study was to assess whether the effect of motivational interview persists relative to the self-efficacy, metabolic control, and health-behavioral change of them. Methods: This study was contacted a cross-sectional design. This study was the follow-up to the previous randomized controlled trial. Total of 32 participants, including 18 from the intervention group and 14 from the control group, were contacted. No new intervention was performed to previous groups (control and intervention). The participants in the intervention and control groups were contacted by phone in the 18th month, and their self-efficacy, metabolic control and health behaviors were assessed. Results: The intergroup comparisons showed that the difference between the sixth month and 18th month was statistically significant except for medical treatment self-efficacy subscale score, postprandial blood glucose and waist circumference. The groups were similar in terms of their use of medicine, nutrition and physical activity behavior stages according to the 18th-month follow-up. Conclusion: This study found that the self-efficacy scores of the intervention group decreased negatively, and their metabolic values increased negatively in the 18th months, compared with the sixth month. In this respect, it is recommended that motivational interviews should be carried out at certain intervals assessing the characteristics of participants without discontinuing them after the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alime Selçuk-Tosun
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Selçuk University, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Handan Zincir
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye
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17
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Chapman A, Browning CJ, Enticott JC, Yang H, Liu S, Zhang T, Thomas SA. Effect of a Health Coach Intervention for the Management of Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in China: A Pragmatic Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Public Health 2018; 6:252. [PMID: 30283767 PMCID: PMC6156528 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To determine the effect of a health coach intervention for the management of glycemic control, as well as physiological, psychological and self-care outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), compared with usual care. Methods: This pragmatic cluster RCT was conducted in the Fengtai district of Beijing from August 2011 to December 2013. Forty-one community health stations (CHSs) were cluster randomized (stratified geographically, 1:1 ratio) and eligible, randomly selected T2DM patients were sequentially contacted by CHSs. Control participants received usual care according to the Chinese Guideline for Diabetes Prevention and Management. Intervention participants received 18-months of health coaching based on principles of Motivational Interviewing (MI) plus usual care. Medical and pathology fees were waived for both groups. Outcome assessment was performed at baseline, 6, 12, and 18-months. The primary outcome was glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c); secondary outcomes encompassed a suite of physiological, psychological and self-care measures. Results: No differential treatment effect was found at 18-months for HbA1c (adj. difference -0.07, 95% CI -0.53 to 0.39, p = 0.769) or any specified secondary outcomes. Interestingly, both groups displayed a statistically and clinically significant within-group improvement of the same magnitude at 18-months for HbA1c (intervention: mean change -3.65, 95% CI -3.92 to -3.37; control: mean change -3.38, 95% CI -3.67 to -3.08). Conclusions: The lack of differential treatment effects observed indicate that it may be premature to recommend the routine delivery of health coach interventions based on MI principles for the management of T2DM in China. However, the large, comparable within-group improvement in mean HbA1c promotes the establishment of free, regular clinical health assessments for individuals with T2DM in China. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN registry - ISRCTN01010526 (https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN01010526).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chapman
- School of Nursing and Midwifery and Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- International Institute for Primary Health Care Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - Colette J. Browning
- International Institute for Primary Health Care Research, Shenzhen, China
- Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Joanne C. Enticott
- School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Dandenong, VIC, Australia
| | - Hui Yang
- International Institute for Primary Health Care Research, Shenzhen, China
- School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Shuo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Tuohong Zhang
- School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Shane A. Thomas
- International Institute for Primary Health Care Research, Shenzhen, China
- Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
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Skolasky RL, Maggard AM, Wegener ST, Riley LH. Telephone-Based Intervention to Improve Rehabilitation Engagement After Spinal Stenosis Surgery: A Prospective Lagged Controlled Trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2018; 100:21-30. [PMID: 29298257 PMCID: PMC6153441 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.17.00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spine surgery outcomes are variable. Patients who participate in and take responsibility for their recovery have improved health outcomes. Interventions to increase patient involvement in their care may improve health outcomes after a surgical procedure. We conducted a prospective interventional trial to compare the effectiveness of health behavior change counseling with usual care to improve health outcomes after lumbar spine surgical procedures. METHODS In this study, 122 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis undergoing a decompression surgical procedure from December 2009 through August 2012 were enrolled. Participants were assigned, according to enrollment date, to health behavior change counseling or usual care. Health behavior change counseling is a brief, telephone-based intervention intended to increase rehabilitation engagement through motivational interviewing strategies that elicit and strengthen motivation for change. Health behavior change counseling was designed to identify patients with low patient activation, to maximize postoperative rehabilitation engagement, to decrease pain and disability, and to improve functional recovery. Participants were assessed before the surgical procedure and for 3 years after the surgical procedure for pain intensity (Brief Pain Inventory), disability (Oswestry Disability Index), and physical health (12-Item Short-Form Health Survey, version 2). Differences in changes in health outcomes after the surgical procedure were compared between the health behavior change counseling group and the usual care group. RESULTS By 12 months, health behavior change counseling participants reported significantly greater reductions in pain intensity (p = 0.008) and disability (p = 0.028) and significantly greater improvement in physical health compared with usual care participants (p = 0.025). These differences were attenuated by 24 and 36 months after the surgical procedure. Early improvements in health outcomes were mediated by improvements in physical therapist-rated engagement and self-reported attendance at physical therapy sessions in the health behavior change counseling group. CONCLUSIONS Health behavior change counseling improved health outcomes during the first 12 months after the surgical procedure through changes in rehabilitation engagement. Wider use of health behavior change counseling may lead to improved outcomes not only after lumbar spine surgery but also in other conditions for which rehabilitation is key to recovery. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Skolasky
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (R.L.S., A.M.M., and L.H.R.III) and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (S.T.W.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Anica M Maggard
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (R.L.S., A.M.M., and L.H.R.III) and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (S.T.W.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Stephen T Wegener
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (R.L.S., A.M.M., and L.H.R.III) and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (S.T.W.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lee H Riley
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (R.L.S., A.M.M., and L.H.R.III) and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (S.T.W.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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19
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Chew BH, Vos RC, Metzendorf M, Scholten RJPM, Rutten GEHM. Psychological interventions for diabetes-related distress in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017; 9:CD011469. [PMID: 28954185 PMCID: PMC6483710 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011469.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) experience a psychosocial burden and mental health problems associated with the disease. Diabetes-related distress (DRD) has distinct effects on self-care behaviours and disease control. Improving DRD in adults with T2DM could enhance psychological well-being, health-related quality of life, self-care abilities and disease control, also reducing depressive symptoms. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of psychological interventions for diabetes-related distress in adults with T2DM. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, BASE, WHO ICTRP Search Portal and ClinicalTrials.gov. The date of the last search was December 2014 for BASE and 21 September 2016 for all other databases. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of psychological interventions for DRD in adults (18 years and older) with T2DM. We included trials if they compared different psychological interventions or compared a psychological intervention with usual care. Primary outcomes were DRD, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and adverse events. Secondary outcomes were self-efficacy, glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood pressure, diabetes-related complications, all-cause mortality and socioeconomic effects. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently identified publications for inclusion and extracted data. We classified interventions according to their focus on emotion, cognition or emotion-cognition. We performed random-effects meta-analyses to compute overall estimates. MAIN RESULTS We identified 30 RCTs with 9177 participants. Sixteen trials were parallel two-arm RCTs, and seven were three-arm parallel trials. There were also seven cluster-randomised trials: two had four arms, and the remaining five had two arms. The median duration of the intervention was six months (range 1 week to 24 months), and the median follow-up period was 12 months (range 0 to 12 months). The trials included a wide spectrum of interventions and were both individual- and group-based.A meta-analysis of all psychological interventions combined versus usual care showed no firm effect on DRD (standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.07; 95% CI -0.16 to 0.03; P = 0.17; 3315 participants; 12 trials; low-quality evidence), HRQoL (SMD 0.01; 95% CI -0.09 to 0.11; P = 0.87; 1932 participants; 5 trials; low-quality evidence), all-cause mortality (11 per 1000 versus 11 per 1000; risk ratio (RR) 1.01; 95% CI 0.17 to 6.03; P = 0.99; 1376 participants; 3 trials; low-quality evidence) or adverse events (17 per 1000 versus 41 per 1000; RR 2.40; 95% CI 0.78 to 7.39; P = 0.13; 438 participants; 3 trials; low-quality evidence). We saw small beneficial effects on self-efficacy and HbA1c at medium-term follow-up (6 to 12 months): on self-efficacy the SMD was 0.15 (95% CI 0.00 to 0.30; P = 0.05; 2675 participants; 6 trials; low-quality evidence) in favour of psychological interventions; on HbA1c there was a mean difference (MD) of -0.14% (95% CI -0.27 to 0.00; P = 0.05; 3165 participants; 11 trials; low-quality evidence) in favour of psychological interventions. Our included trials did not report diabetes-related complications or socioeconomic effects.Many trials were small and were at high risk of bias for incomplete outcome data as well as possible performance and detection biases in the subjective questionnaire-based outcomes assessment, and some appeared to be at risk of selective reporting. There are four trials awaiting further classification. These are parallel RCTs with cognition-focused and emotion-cognition focused interventions. There are another 18 ongoing trials, likely focusing on emotion-cognition or cognition, assessing interventions such as diabetes self-management support, telephone-based cognitive behavioural therapy, stress management and a web application for problem solving in diabetes management. Most of these trials have a community setting and are based in the USA. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Low-quality evidence showed that none of the psychological interventions would improve DRD more than usual care. Low-quality evidence is available for improved self-efficacy and HbA1c after psychological interventions. This means that we are uncertain about the effects of psychological interventions on these outcomes. However, psychological interventions probably have no substantial adverse events compared to usual care. More high-quality research with emotion-focused programmes, in non-US and non-European settings and in low- and middle-income countries, is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boon How Chew
- University Medical Center UtrechtJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversiteitsweg 100UtrechtNetherlands3508 GA
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra MalaysiaDepartment of Family MedicineSerdangSelangorMalaysia43400 UPM
| | - Rimke C Vos
- University Medical Center UtrechtJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversiteitsweg 100UtrechtNetherlands3508 GA
| | - Maria‐Inti Metzendorf
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich‐Heine‐University DüsseldorfCochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders GroupMoorenstr. 5DüsseldorfGermany40225
| | - Rob JPM Scholten
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care / University Medical Center UtrechtCochrane NetherlandsRoom Str. 6.126P.O. Box 85500UtrechtNetherlands3508 GA
| | - Guy EHM Rutten
- University Medical Center UtrechtJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversiteitsweg 100UtrechtNetherlands3508 GA
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Thepwongsa I, Muthukumar R, Kessomboon P. Motivational interviewing by general practitioners for Type 2 diabetes patients: a systematic review. Fam Pract 2017; 34:376-383. [PMID: 28486622 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmx045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motivational interviewing (MI) is an effective tool to help clinicians with facilitating behavioural changes in many diseases and conditions. However, different forms of MI are required in different health care settings and for different clinicians. Although general practitioners (GPs) play a major role in Type 2 diabetes management, the effects of MI delivered by GPs intended to change the behaviours of their Type 2 diabetes patients and GP outcomes, defined as GP knowledge, satisfaction and practice behaviours, have not been systematically reviewed. METHODS An electronic search was conducted through Cochrane Library, Scopus, ProQuest, Wiley Online Library, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE Complete and Google Scholar from the earliest date of each database to 2017. Reference lists from each article obtained were reviewed. Measured changes in GP satisfaction, knowledge, and practice behaviours, and patient outcomes were recorded. RESULTS Eight out of 1882 studies met the criteria for inclusion. Six studies examined the effects of MI on Type 2 diabetes patient outcomes, only one of which examined its effects on GP outcomes. Two-thirds of the studies (4/6) found a significant improvement in at least one of the following patient outcomes: total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, body mass index, blood pressure, waist circumference and physical activity. The effects of MI on GP outcomes yielded mixed results. CONCLUSIONS Few studies have examined evidence for the effectiveness of MI delivered by GPs to Type 2 diabetes patients. Evidence to support the effectiveness of MI on GP and patient outcomes is weak. Further quality studies are needed to examine the effects of MI on GP and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaraporn Thepwongsa
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | | | - Pattapong Kessomboon
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
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Van Olmen J, Kegels G, Korachais C, de Man J, Van Acker K, Kalobu JC, van Pelt M, Ku GM, Hen H, Kanda D, Malombo B, Darras C, Schellevis F. The effect of text message support on diabetes self-management in developing countries - A randomised trial. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL ENDOCRINOLOGY 2017; 7:33-41. [PMID: 29067248 PMCID: PMC5651290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcte.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Report of a randomised trial on an mHealth intervention in 3 low income countries. There was no additional effect of the text message self-management support. Coverage, routine care and disease progression interfere with the potential impact.
Objective mHealth interventions have the potential to facilitate self-management. This TEXT4DSM study implemented a mobile phone intervention in existing diabetes programmes in three low- and middle-income countries (Democratic Republic of Congo, Cambodia, and the Philippines). Research design and methods Sub-studies with a similar randomised controlled trial design were conducted in three different countries. Each sub-study included 480 adults with diabetes. Subjects were randomised to receive either routine care or routine care plus text message self-management support. The primary outcome was the difference in the proportion of subjects with well-controlled diabetes after 2 years. Results Baseline and 2-year HbA1c measurements were available for 781 individuals. After 2 years, the proportion of subjects with controlled HbA1c was 2.8% higher in the intervention group than in the control group (difference not statistically significant). In the logistic regression model, the odds ratio for having controlled diabetes after the intervention was 1.1, after adjusting for baseline HbA1c level, sex, receiving insulin treatment, and participating in the routine programme. The HbA1c dynamics over time differed between programmes; the number of people with controlled diabetes tended to increase in DR Congo and decrease in Cambodia. Conclusion This study was the first to test the same mHealth intervention in different countries. The finding that text messages did not show an additional effect on diabetes control implied that expectations about mHealth should be cautious. The degree of coverage, the quality of the routine programme, and the progression of disease can interfere with the expected impact. Trial registration: ISRCTN registry (86247213).
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefien Van Olmen
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine/EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Guy Kegels
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Catherine Korachais
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jeroen de Man
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kristien Van Acker
- Algemeen ziekenhuis Heilige Familie Reet en Centre de Santé des Fagnes, Chimay, Belgium
| | | | | | - Grace Marie Ku
- Veterans Memorial Medical Center, Philippines.,Institute of Health Policy & Development Studies, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Dominique Kanda
- Algemeen ziekenhuis Heilige Familie Reet en Centre de Santé des Fagnes, Chimay, Belgium
| | - Billy Malombo
- Algemeen ziekenhuis Heilige Familie Reet en Centre de Santé des Fagnes, Chimay, Belgium
| | | | - François Schellevis
- NIVEL (Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research), Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine/EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Ruiz-González I, Fernández-Alcántara M, Guardia-Archilla T, Rodríguez-Morales S, Molina A, Casares D, De los Santos-Roig M. Long-term effects of an intensive-practical diabetes education program on HbA1c and self-care. Appl Nurs Res 2016; 31:13-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chrvala CA, Sherr D, Lipman RD. Diabetes self-management education for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review of the effect on glycemic control. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2016; 99:926-43. [PMID: 26658704 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 499] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assess effect of diabetes self-management education and support methods, providers, duration, and contact time on glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. METHOD We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, ERIC, and PsycINFO to December 2013 for interventions which included elements to improve participants' knowledge, skills, and ability to perform self-management activities as well as informed decision-making around goal setting. RESULTS This review included 118 unique interventions, with 61.9% reporting significant changes in A1C. Overall mean reduction in A1C was 0.74 and 0.17 for intervention and control groups; an average absolute reduction in A1C of 0.57. A combination of group and individual engagement results in the largest decreases in A1C (0.88). Contact hours ≥10 were associated with a greater proportion of interventions with significant reduction in A1C (70.3%). In patients with persistently elevated glycemic values (A1C>9), a greater proportion of studies reported statistically significant reduction in A1C (83.9%). CONCLUSIONS This systematic review found robust data demonstrating that engagement in diabetes self-management education results in a statistically significant decrease in A1C levels. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The data suggest mode of delivery, hours of engagement, and baseline A1C can affect the likelihood of achieving statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in A1C.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dawn Sherr
- American Association of Diabetes Educators, 200 W. Madison Street, Chicago, IL 60606, USA.
| | - Ruth D Lipman
- American Association of Diabetes Educators, 200 W. Madison Street, Chicago, IL 60606, USA.
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24
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Browning C, Chapman A, Yang H, Liu S, Zhang T, Enticott JC, Thomas SA. Management of type 2 diabetes in China: the Happy Life Club, a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial using health coaches. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e009319. [PMID: 26944692 PMCID: PMC4785304 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of a coach-led motivational interviewing (MI) intervention in improving glycaemic control, as well as clinical, psychosocial and self-care outcomes of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared with usual care. DESIGN Pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT). SETTING Community Health Stations (CHSs) in Fengtai district, Beijing, China. PARTICIPANTS Of the 41 randomised CHSs (21 intervention and 20 control), 21 intervention CHSs (372 participants) and 18 control CHSs (296 participants) started participation. INTERVENTION Intervention participants received telephone and face-to-face MI health coaching in addition to usual care from their CHS. Control participants received usual care only. Medical fees were waived for both groups. OUTCOME MEASURES Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Primary outcome measure was glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Secondary outcomes included a suite of anthropometric, blood pressure (BP), fasting blood, psychosocial and self-care measures. RESULTS At 12 months, no differential treatment effect was found for HbA1c (adjusted difference 0.02, 95% CI -0.40 to 0.44, p=0.929), with both treatment and control groups showing significant improvements. However, two secondary outcomes: psychological distress (adjusted difference -2.38, 95% CI -4.64 to -0.12, p=0.039) and systolic BP (adjusted difference -3.57, 95% CI -6.08 to -1.05, p=0.005) were robust outcomes consistent with significant differential treatment effects, as supported in sensitivity analyses. Interestingly, in addition to HbA1c, both groups displayed significant improvements in triglycerides, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS In line with the current Chinese primary healthcare reform, this study is the first large-scale cluster RCT to be implemented within real-world CHSs in China, specifically addressing T2DM. Although a differential treatment effect was not observed for HbA1c, numerous outcomes (including HbA1c) improved in both groups, supporting the establishment of regular, free clinical health checks for people with T2DM in China. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN01010526; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colette Browning
- RDNS Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- International Institute for Primary Health Care Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - Anna Chapman
- RDNS Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hui Yang
- Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- International Institute for Primary Health Care Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Tuohong Zhang
- School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Joanne C Enticott
- RDNS Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shane A Thomas
- Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- International Institute for Primary Health Care Research, Shenzhen, China
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Sturt J, Dennick K, Due-Christensen M, McCarthy K. The detection and management of diabetes distress in people with type 1 diabetes. Curr Diab Rep 2015; 15:101. [PMID: 26411924 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-015-0660-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes distress (DD) represents a significant clinical burden in which levels of DD are related to both glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and some self-management behaviours. DD is related to, but different from, depression. Differences in DD experienced in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes have been observed. Commonly measured using the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale (PAID) and the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS), rates of elevated DD in research study participants range from 20 to 30 %. Risk factors for elevated DD in type 1 diabetes are longer duration of diabetes, severe hypoglycaemia, younger age and being female. A systematic review of intervention studies assessing DD identified eight randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and nine pre-post design studies. Only three studies targeted DD with the intervention. Intervention types were diabetes self-management education (DSME), psychologically informed self-management and devices. DSME pre-post studies, namely the Dose Adjustment For Normal Eating (DAFNE) programme, produced more consistent improvements in DD and HbA1c at follow-up. Psychologically informed self-management was more heterogeneous, but several RCTs were effective in reducing DD. Group interventions offered the greatest benefits across intervention designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackie Sturt
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, King's College London, James Clerk Maxwell Building, 57 Waterloo Rd, SE18WA, London, UK.
| | - Kathryn Dennick
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, King's College London, James Clerk Maxwell Building, 57 Waterloo Rd, SE18WA, London, UK.
| | - Mette Due-Christensen
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, King's College London, James Clerk Maxwell Building, 57 Waterloo Rd, SE18WA, London, UK.
- Health Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Centre, Niels Steensens Vej 8, 2820, Gentofte, Denmark.
| | - Kate McCarthy
- University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry, UK.
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Training Healthcare Providers in Motivational Communication for Promoting Physical Activity and Exercise in Cardiometabolic Health Settings: Do We Know What We Are Doing? CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-015-0457-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Chew BH, Vos R, Heijmans M, Metzendorf MI, Scholten RJPM, Rutten GEHM. Psychological interventions for diabetes-related distress in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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28
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Huffman JC, DuBois CM, Millstein RA, Celano CM, Wexler D. Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development. J Diabetes Res 2015; 2015:428349. [PMID: 26064980 PMCID: PMC4442018 DOI: 10.1155/2015/428349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Most patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have suboptimal adherence to recommended diet, physical activity, and/or medication. Current approaches to improve health behaviors in T2D have been variably effective, and successful interventions are often complex and intensive. It is therefore vital to develop interventions that are simple, well-accepted, and applicable to a wide range of patients who suffer from T2D. One approach may be to boost positive psychological states, such as positive affect or optimism, as these constructs have been prospectively and independently linked to improvements in health behaviors. Positive psychology (PP) interventions, which utilize systematic exercises to increase optimism, well-being, and positive affect, consistently increase positive states and are easily delivered to patients with chronic illnesses. However, to our knowledge, PP interventions have not been formally tested in T2D. In this paper, we review a theoretical model for the use of PP interventions to target health behaviors in T2D, describe the structure and content of a PP intervention for T2D patients, and describe baseline data from a single-arm proof-of-concept (N = 15) intervention study in T2D patients with or without depression. We also discuss how PP interventions could be combined with motivational interviewing (MI) interventions to provide a blended psychological-behavioral approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff C. Huffman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- *Jeff C. Huffman:
| | - Christina M. DuBois
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Rachel A. Millstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christopher M. Celano
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Deborah Wexler
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- MGH Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Pladevall M, Divine G, Wells KE, Resnicow K, Williams LK. A randomized controlled trial to provide adherence information and motivational interviewing to improve diabetes and lipid control. DIABETES EDUCATOR 2014; 41:136-46. [PMID: 25486932 DOI: 10.1177/0145721714561031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess whether providing medication adherence information with or without motivational interviewing improves diabetes and lipid control. METHODS Study participants were adult members of a health system in southeast Michigan, were using both oral diabetes and lipid-lowering medications, and had glycated hemoglobin (A1C) or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels not at goal. Participants were randomly assigned to receive usual care (UC), n = 567; have medication adherence information (AI) provided to their physician, n = 569; or have AI and receive motivational interviewing (MI) though trained staff (AI + MI), n = 556. Primary outcomes were A1C and LDL-C levels at 18 months post randomization. RESULTS Primary outcomes were not significantly different between patients in the AI or AI + MI study arms when compared with UC. Similarly, neither oral diabetes nor lipid-lowering medication adherence was significantly different between groups. Patient participation in the AI + MI arm was low and limit the interpretation of the study results, but post hoc analysis of the AI + MI study arm showed that the number of MI sessions received was positively associated with only oral diabetes medication adherence. CONCLUSION Neither AI nor MI significantly improved diabetes and lipid control when compared with UC. Moreover, patient participation appeared to be a particular barrier for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Pladevall
- Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Pladevall, Dr Williams),Research Triangle Institute Health Solutions, Barcelona, Spain (Dr Pladevall)
| | - George Divine
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Divine, Ms Wells)
| | - Karen E Wells
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Divine, Ms Wells)
| | - Ken Resnicow
- Center for Health Communications Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (Dr Resnicow)
| | - L Keoki Williams
- Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Pladevall, Dr Williams),Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Williams)
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30
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Diabetes Self-Care Behaviors and Disease Control in Support Group Attenders and Nonattenders. J Nurs Res 2014; 22:231-41. [DOI: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Li M, Li T, Shi BY, Gao CX. Impact of motivational interviewing on the quality of life and its related factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with poor long-term glycemic control. Int J Nurs Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2014.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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32
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Strain WD, Cos X, Hirst M, Vencio S, Mohan V, Vokó Z, Yabe D, Blüher M, Paldánius PM. Time to do more: addressing clinical inertia in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2014; 105:302-12. [PMID: 24956964 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Clinical inertia, the tendency to maintain current treatment strategies despite results demanding escalation, is thought to substantially contribute to the disconnect between clinical aspirations for patients with diabetes and targets achieved. We wished to explore potential causes of clinical inertia among physicians and people with diabetes. METHODS A 20-min online survey of 652 adults with diabetes and 337 treating physicians in six countries explored opinions relating to clinical inertia from both perspectives, in order to correlate perceptions and expectations relating to diagnosis, treatment, diabetes complications and therapeutic escalation. RESULTS Physicians had low expectations for their patients, despite the belief that the importance of good glycaemic control through lifestyle and pharmacological interventions had been adequately conveyed. Conversely, people with diabetes had, at best, a rudimentary understanding of the risks of complications and the importance of good control; indeed, only a small proportion believed lifestyle changes were important and the majority did not intend to comply. CONCLUSIONS The principal findings of this survey suggest that impairments in communication are at the heart of clinical inertia. This manuscript lays out four key principles that we believe are achievable in all environments and can improve the lives of people with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- W D Strain
- Diabetes and Vascular Research Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, Exeter EX25AX, UK.
| | - X Cos
- Sant Marti de Provençals Primary Health Care Centre, Institut Català de la Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, C/ Fluvià 211, 08020 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Hirst
- International Diabetes Federation, Glentirran House, Kippen, Stirlingshire FK8 3DY, Scotland, UK
| | - S Vencio
- Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia, Avenida T4 number 313, Setor Bueno, Goiania CEP 74230-030, Brazil
| | - V Mohan
- Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Conran Smith Road, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Z Vokó
- Department of Health Policy & Health Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Syreon Research Institute, Thökölly út 119, 1146 Budapest, Hungary
| | - D Yabe
- Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism and Center for Metabolism and Clinical Nutrition, Kansai Electric Power Hospital, 2-1-7 Fukushima-ku, Osaka 553-0003, Japan
| | - M Blüher
- University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - P M Paldánius
- Novartis Pharma AG, Postfach CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland
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Jones A, Gladstone BP, Lübeck M, Lindekilde N, Upton D, Vach W. Motivational interventions in the management of HbA1c levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Prim Care Diabetes 2014; 8:91-100. [PMID: 24525286 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To review the diabetes literature in order to examine the effect of motivational interventions on treatment outcome as measured by changes in glycated haemoglobin. METHODS Relevant databases were systematically searched for randomised controlled trials in which motivational interventions were examined in relation to treatment outcome in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. RESULTS The 13 studies identified for review included 1223 participants diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and 1895 participants diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The analysis showed a 0.17% (95% CI: -0.09, 0.43%) improvement in glycemic control in people who received a motivational intervention compared to a control group, however, the effect was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS The impact of motivational interventions in the management of blood glucose levels appears to be limited. However, due to the small number of studies and issues of heterogeneity caution in interpreting the present findings is advised. Moreover, the unique contribution of motivational interventions may be better assessed by outcomes such as behaviour change and other intermediate outcomes. Further research examining the delivery and focus of motivational interventions in helping people manage their diabetes is recommended. The clinical implications of the present findings are therefore uncertain pending further research.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers/blood
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diagnosis
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/psychology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/psychology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy
- Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism
- Health Behavior
- Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
- Humans
- Motivation
- Motivational Interviewing
- Patients/psychology
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Jones
- Institute of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
| | - Beryl Primrose Gladstone
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marlene Lübeck
- Institute of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Nanna Lindekilde
- Institute of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Dominic Upton
- Institute of Health and Society, University of Worcester, UK
| | - Werner Vach
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Freiburg, Germany
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Newlin Lew K, Nowlin S, Chyun D, Melkus GD. State of the science: diabetes self-management interventions led by nurse principal investigators. West J Nurs Res 2014; 36:1111-57. [PMID: 24807891 DOI: 10.1177/0193945914532033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, diabetes self-management (DSM) interventions have become increasingly heterogeneous to address the needs of diverse populations. The purpose of this integrative review is to summarize the state of the science regarding DSM interventions led by nurse principal investigators. The Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses framework informed identification, selection, and appraisal of the literature. A total of 44 national and international studies (RCTs [randomized controlled trial] and quasi-experimental studies) were identified for inclusion. Across national studies, diverse ethnic groups (Latinos, African Americans, Asians, and Native Americans) were most frequently sampled (67%). Review findings identified (a) DSM intervention typologies (primary DSM intervention, DSM reinforcement intervention, and primary DSM intervention plus reinforcement intervention) and selection of blended or bundled intervention components; (b) DSM intervention translation to community-based, electronic, and home settings; and (c) DSM intervention delivery (interventionists, dosages, and fidelity).
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Juul L, Maindal HT, Zoffmann V, Frydenberg M, Sandbaek A. Effectiveness of a training course for general practice nurses in motivation support in type 2 diabetes care: a cluster-randomised trial. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96683. [PMID: 24798419 PMCID: PMC4010512 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes is a common metabolic disease with the potential for prevention of complications. The prevention requires a high level of lasting actions from the patients, which may be burdensome. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of a training course for general practice nurses in motivation support at 18 months follow-up in the affiliated type 2 diabetes population. Methods Forty general practices with nurse-led diabetes consultations from the area of Aarhus, Denmark were randomised 1∶1 to either intervention or usual practice. Intervention practices were offered a 16-hour Self-determination theory - based course including communication training for general practice nurses delivered over 10 months. The affiliated diabetes populations (aged 40–74 years) were identified from registers (intervention n = 2,005; usual n = 2,029). Primary outcomes were register-based glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) -, total cholesterol levels, and well-being measured by the Problem Areas In Diabetes scale (PAID) and the mental component summary score, SF12 (SF12, mcs). Intention-to-treat analyses were performed. Predefined subgroups analyses were performed. Results The differences between the intervention- and the control practices’ mean HbA1c and total cholesterol at follow-up adjusted for baseline values and clustering were respectively: −0.02%-points (95% CI: −0.11 to 0.07; p: 0.67); 0.08 mmol/l (95% CI: 0.01 to 0.15; p: 0.02). Differences in median scores adjusted for clustering were for PAID: 1.25; p = 0.31 and SF12, mcs: 0.99; p = 0.15. Women in intervention practices differed from women in usual practices on mean HbA1c: −0.12%-points (−0.23 to −0.02; p = 0.02) and SF12, mcs: 2.6; p = 0.01. Conclusions Offering a training course for general practice nurses in applying the Self-determination theory in current type 2 diabetes care had no effect compared with usual practice measured by HbA1c and total cholesterol levels and the well-being at 18 months of follow-up in a comprehensive register-based diabetes population. Subgroup analyses suggested a possible effect in women, which deserves further attention. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier NCT01187069).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Juul
- Department of Public Health, Section for General Practice, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Section for Health Promotion and Health Services, Aarhus, University, Aarhus, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Helle T. Maindal
- Department of Public Health, Section for Health Promotion and Health Services, Aarhus, University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Zoffmann
- Steno Diabetes Centre, Gentofte, Denmark
- Nasjonal kompetansetjeneste for læring og mestring innen helse (NKLMH), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Morten Frydenberg
- Department of Public Health, Section for Biostatistics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Annelli Sandbaek
- Department of Public Health, Section for General Practice, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Christie D, Channon S. The potential for motivational interviewing to improve outcomes in the management of diabetes and obesity in paediatric and adult populations: a clinical review. Diabetes Obes Metab 2014; 16:381-7. [PMID: 23927612 PMCID: PMC4237607 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Having good intentions to engage in healthy behaviours, to change our lives in a positive direction and make substantial, lasting changes may not always translate into actions or behaviour that is maintained. Motivational Interviewing is a directive person-centred approach designed to explore ambivalence and activate motivation for change [Miller WR, Rollnick S. Motivational Interviewing: Preparing People to Change Addictive Behaviour. London: Guilford Press, 1991]. A key component of a motivational interviewing conversation is to acknowledge that clients have every right to make no change. It uses a guiding communication style which invites people to consider their own situation and find their own solutions to situations that they identify as problematic that are preventing change. Motivational Interviewing was first introduced in adult health addiction services in the early 1980s. It has developed in the physical health specialties, and in the last 20 years or so attention has turned to the potential of Motivational Interviewing in the paediatric setting and the challenges of using it in families with children at differing ages and developmental stages. This article summarizes studies published from 2006 to 2011 of Motivational Interviewing in individuals across the lifespan with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Christie
- UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, Child and adolescent psychological services, London, UK
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Patients' responses to the communication of vascular risk in primary care: a qualitative study. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2014; 16:61-70. [PMID: 24451894 DOI: 10.1017/s1463423613000509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine the perspectives of patients identified as being at 'high risk' of cardiovascular events, with particular reference to the potential responses to risk messages. BACKGROUND Systematic population screening for cardiovascular disease (CVD) aims to identify those at high risk and provide medication and lifestyle support. In the United Kingdom, this takes the form of the National Health Service Health Check. METHODS We conducted a qualitative interview study. In 2011 we interviewed 37 patients, from seven UK primary care practices, who were at high risk of developing CVD. FINDINGS Risk messages were delivered via face-to-face consultations or by letter and were relayed in either a 'downplaying' or 'serious warning' style. Patients' accounts of receiving information about risk revealed two broad response styles: 'committed' (active resistance; commitment to change) and 'non-committed' (procrastination; downplaying and fatalism). Responses to risk messages are usually assumed to be due to individual characteristics but they may be explained by an interaction between the way risk is communicated and the patient's response style.
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Lundahl B, Moleni T, Burke BL, Butters R, Tollefson D, Butler C, Rollnick S. Motivational interviewing in medical care settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2013; 93:157-68. [PMID: 24001658 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2013.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 459] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a method for encouraging people to make behavioral changes to improve health outcomes. We used systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate MI's efficacy in medical care settings. METHODS Database searches located randomized clinical trials that compared MI to comparison conditions and isolated the unique effect of MI within medical care settings. RESULTS Forty-eight studies (9618 participants) were included. The overall effect showed a statistically significant, modest advantage for MI: Odd ratio=1.55 (CI: 1.40-1.71), z=8.67, p<.001. MI showed particular promise in areas such as HIV viral load, dental outcomes, death rate, body weight, alcohol and tobacco use, sedentary behavior, self-monitoring, confidence in change, and approach to treatment. MI was not particularly effective with eating disorder or self-care behaviors or some medical outcomes such as heart rate. CONCLUSION MI was robust across moderators such as delivery location and patient characteristics, and appears efficacious when delivered in brief consultations. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The emerging evidence for MI in medical care settings suggests it provides a moderate advantage over comparison interventions and could be used for a wide range of behavioral issues in health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad Lundahl
- College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA.
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Gabbay RA, Añel-Tiangco RM, Dellasega C, Mauger DT, Adelman A, Van Horn DHA. Diabetes nurse case management and motivational interviewing for change (DYNAMIC): results of a 2-year randomized controlled pragmatic trial. J Diabetes 2013; 5:349-57. [PMID: 23368423 PMCID: PMC3679203 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to determine whether the addition of nurse case managers (NCMs) trained in motivational interviewing (MI) to usual care would result in improved outcomes in high-risk type 2 diabetes patients. METHODS A 2-year randomized controlled pragmatic trial randomized 545 patients to usual care control (n=313) or those who received the intervention (n=232) with additional practice-embedded NCM care, including MI-guided behavior change counseling. The NCMs received intensive MI training with ongoing fidelity assessment. RESULTS Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was better in the intervention than usual care group (131 ± 15 vs. 135 ± 18 mmHg, respectively; P<0.05). Improvements were seen in both the control and intervention groups in terms of HbA1c (from 9.1% to 8.0% and from 8.8% to 7.8%, respectively), low-density lipoprotein (LDL; from 127 to 100 mg/dL and from 128 to 102 mg/dL, respectively), and diastolic blood pressure (from 78 to 74 mmHg and from 80 to 74 mmHg, respectively). Depression symptom scores were better in the intervention group. The reduction in diabetes-related distress approached statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS The NCMs and MI improved SBP and complications screening. The large decrease in HbA1C and LDL in the control group may have obscured any further intervention effect. Although nurses prompted providers for medication titration, strategies to reduce provider clinical inertia may also be needed.
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Jansink R, Braspenning J, Keizer E, van der Weijden T, Elwyn G, Grol R. No identifiable Hb1Ac or lifestyle change after a comprehensive diabetes programme including motivational interviewing: a cluster randomised trial. Scand J Prim Health Care 2013; 31:119-27. [PMID: 23659710 PMCID: PMC3656395 DOI: 10.3109/02813432.2013.797178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effectiveness of a comprehensive diabetes programme in general practice that integrates patient-centred lifestyle counselling into structured diabetes care. Design and setting. Cluster randomised trial in general practices. INTERVENTION Nurse-led structured diabetes care with a protocol, record keeping, reminders, and feedback, plus training in motivational interviewing and agenda setting. SUBJECTS Primary care nurses in 58 general practices and their 940 type 2 diabetes patients with an HbA1c concentration above 7%, and a body mass index (BMI) above 25 kg/m². Main outcome measures. HbA1c, diet, and physical activity (medical records and patient questionnaires). RESULTS Multilevel linear and logistic regression analyses adjusted for baseline outcomes showed that despite active nurse participation in the intervention, the comprehensive programme was no more effective than usual care after 14 months, as shown by HbA1c levels (difference between groups = 0.13; CI 20.8-0.35) and diet (fat (difference between groups = 0.19; CI 20.82-1.21); vegetables (difference between groups = 0.10; CI-0.21-0.41); fruit (difference between groups = 20.02; CI 20.26-0.22)), and physical activity (difference between groups = 21.15; CI 212.26-9.97), or any of the other measures of clinical parameters, patient's readiness to change, or quality of life. CONCLUSION A comprehensive programme that integrated lifestyle counselling based on motivational interviewing principles integrated into structured diabetes care did not alter HbA1c or the lifestyle related to diet and physical activity. We thus question the impact of motivational interviewing in terms of its ability to improve routine diabetes care in general practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Jansink
- Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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