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Sheemar A, Bellala K, Sharma SV, Sharma S, Kaur I, Rani P, Sivaprasad S, Narayan KV, Das T, Takkar B. Metabolic memory and diabetic retinopathy: Legacy of glycemia and possible steps into future. Indian J Ophthalmol 2024; 72:796-808. [PMID: 38804800 PMCID: PMC11232859 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2563_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The response of retinal pathology to interventions in diabetic retinopathy (DR) is often independent of the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values at the point of care. This is despite glucose control being one of the strongest risk factors for the development and progression of DR. Previous preclinical and clinical research has indicated metabolic memory, whereby past cumulative glucose exposure may continue to impact DR for a prolonged period. Preclinical studies have evaluated punitive metabolic memory through poor initial control of DM, whereas clinical studies have evaluated protective metabolic memory through good initial control of DM. In this narrative review, we evaluate the preclinical and clinical evidence regarding metabolic memory and discuss how this may form the basis of preventive care for DR by inducing "metabolic amnesia" in people with a history of uncontrolled diabetes in the past. While our review suggested mitochondrial biology may be one such target, research is still far from a possible clinical trial. We discuss the challenges in such research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keerthi Bellala
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Sarmeela Sharma
- Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Inderjeet Kaur
- Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Padmaja Rani
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sobha Sivaprasad
- NIHR Moorfields Clinical Research Facility, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
| | - Km Venkat Narayan
- Emory Global Diabetes Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Taraprasad Das
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Brijesh Takkar
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Indian Health Outcomes, Public Health and Health Economics Research Centre (IHOPE), LVPEI, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Yang T, Qi F, Guo F, Shao M, Song Y, Ren G, Linlin Z, Qin G, Zhao Y. An update on chronic complications of diabetes mellitus: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies with a focus on metabolic memory. Mol Med 2024; 30:71. [PMID: 38797859 PMCID: PMC11128119 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00824-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disease, often leads to numerous chronic complications, significantly contributing to global morbidity and mortality rates. High glucose levels trigger epigenetic modifications linked to pathophysiological processes like inflammation, immunity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, senescence and various kinds of cell death. Despite glycemic control, transient hyperglycemia can persistently harm organs, tissues, and cells, a latent effect termed "metabolic memory" that contributes to chronic diabetic complications. Understanding metabolic memory's mechanisms could offer a new approach to mitigating these complications. However, key molecules and networks underlying metabolic memory remain incompletely understood. This review traces the history of metabolic memory research, highlights its key features, discusses recent molecules involved in its mechanisms, and summarizes confirmed and potential therapeutic compounds. Additionally, we outline in vitro and in vivo models of metabolic memory. We hope this work will inform future research on metabolic memory's regulatory mechanisms and facilitate the development of effective therapeutic compounds to prevent diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyue Yang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Guo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Mingwei Shao
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yi Song
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Gaofei Ren
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhao Linlin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Guijun Qin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Dong H, Sun Y, Nie L, Cui A, Zhao P, Leung WK, Wang Q. Metabolic memory: mechanisms and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:38. [PMID: 38413567 PMCID: PMC10899265 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01755-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases and their complications impose health and economic burdens worldwide. Evidence from past experimental studies and clinical trials suggests our body may have the ability to remember the past metabolic environment, such as hyperglycemia or hyperlipidemia, thus leading to chronic inflammatory disorders and other diseases even after the elimination of these metabolic environments. The long-term effects of that aberrant metabolism on the body have been summarized as metabolic memory and are found to assume a crucial role in states of health and disease. Multiple molecular mechanisms collectively participate in metabolic memory management, resulting in different cellular alterations as well as tissue and organ dysfunctions, culminating in disease progression and even affecting offspring. The elucidation and expansion of the concept of metabolic memory provides more comprehensive insight into pathogenic mechanisms underlying metabolic diseases and complications and promises to be a new target in disease detection and management. Here, we retrace the history of relevant research on metabolic memory and summarize its salient characteristics. We provide a detailed discussion of the mechanisms by which metabolic memory may be involved in disease development at molecular, cellular, and organ levels, with emphasis on the impact of epigenetic modulations. Finally, we present some of the pivotal findings arguing in favor of targeting metabolic memory to develop therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases and provide the latest reflections on the consequences of metabolic memory as well as their implications for human health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuezhang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lulingxiao Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Aimin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Periodontology and Implant Dentistry Division, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai Keung Leung
- Periodontology and Implant Dentistry Division, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Zhong Y, Xia J, Liao L, Momeni MR. Non-coding RNAs and exosomal non-coding RNAs in diabetic retinopathy: A narrative review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:128182. [PMID: 37977468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a devastating complication of diabetes, having extensive and resilient effects on those who suffer from it. As yet, the underlying cell mechanisms of this microvascular disorder are largely unclear. Recently, growing evidence suggests that epigenetic mechanisms can be responsible for gene deregulation leading to the alteration of key processes in the development and progression of DR, in addition to the widely recognized pathological mechanisms. It is noteworthy that seemingly unending epigenetic modifications, caused by a prolonged period of hyperglycemia, may be a prominent factor that leads to metabolic memory, and brings epigenetic entities such as non-coding RNA into the equation. Consequently, further investigation is necessary to truly understand this mechanism. Exosomes are responsible for carrying signals from cells close to the vasculature that are participating in abnormal signal transduction to faraway organs and cells by sailing through the bloodstream. These signs indicate metabolic disorders. With the aid of their encased structure, they can store diverse signaling molecules, which then can be dispersed into the blood, urine, and tears. Herein, we summarized various non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are related to DR pathogenesis. Moreover, we highlighted the role of exosomal ncRNAs in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Zhong
- Endocrinology Department, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Xia
- Endocrinology Department, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 3, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mohammad Reza Momeni
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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Mihanfar A, Akbarzadeh M, Ghazizadeh Darband S, Sadighparvar S, Majidinia M. SIRT1: a promising therapeutic target in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:13-28. [PMID: 34379994 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1956976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A significant increase in the worldwide incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) has elevated the need for studies on novel and effective therapeutic strategies. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is an NAD + dependent protein deacetylase with a critical function in the regulation of glucose/lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function. SIRT1 is also involved in the regulation of insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells and protecting these cells from inflammation and oxidative stress-mediated tissue damages. In this regard, major SIRT1 activators have been demonstrated to exert a beneficial impact in reversing T2DM-related complications including cardiomyopathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy, hence treating T2DM. Therefore, an accumulating number of recent studies have investigated the efficacy of targeting SIRT1 as a therapeutic strategy in T2DM. In this review we aimed to discuss the current understanding of the physiological and biological roles of SIRT1, then its implication in the pathogenesis of T2DM, and the therapeutic potential of SIRT1 in combating T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainaz Mihanfar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Akbarzadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Shirin Sadighparvar
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Jun JH, Kim JS, Palomera LF, Jo DG. Dysregulation of histone deacetylases in ocular diseases. Arch Pharm Res 2024; 47:20-39. [PMID: 38151648 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Ocular diseases are a growing global concern and have a significant impact on the quality of life. Cataracts, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy are the most prevalent ocular diseases. Their prevalence and the global market size are also increasing. However, the available pharmacotherapy is currently limited. These diseases share common pathophysiological features, including neovascularization, inflammation, and/or neurodegeneration. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a class of enzymes that catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues of histone and nonhistone proteins. HDACs are crucial for regulating various cellular processes, such as gene expression, protein stability, localization, and function. They have also been studied in various research fields, including cancer, inflammatory diseases, neurological disorders, and vascular diseases. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between HDACs and ocular diseases, to identify a new strategy for pharmacotherapy. This review article explores the role of HDACs in ocular diseases, specifically focusing on diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and retinopathy of prematurity, as well as optic nerve disorders, such as glaucoma and optic neuropathy. Additionally, we explore the interplay between HDACs and key regulators of fibrosis and angiogenesis, such as TGF-β and VEGF, highlighting the potential of targeting HDAC as novel therapeutic strategies for ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyun Jun
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, CKD Research Institute, Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical Co., Yongin, 16995, Korea
| | - Jun-Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Leon F Palomera
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Dong-Gyu Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea.
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, Korea.
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea.
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Hou W, Xu L, Su T, Wu Y, Liu Y, Wei Y. Hypoxia Induces Tumor-Derived Exosome SNHG16 to Mediate Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Progression through the miR-23b-5p/MCM6 Pathway. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:275-295. [PMID: 37119503 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04558-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the mechanism of tumor-derived exosomal (EVs) SNHG16 in promoting the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). QRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of SNHG16, miR-23b-5p and MCM6 in NPC. MTT, flow cytometry and transwell were used to detect the effects of them on the proliferation, cycle, apoptosis and invasion ability of NPC. Transmission electron microscopy, Western blotting and BCA were used to verify the regulation of exosome secretion under different oxygen environments. Our results showed that hypoxia induces tumor-derived exosome SNHG16 to mediate NPC progression through the miR-23b-5p/MCM6 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hou
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Su
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunxiao Wu
- Department of Neurology, Yang Ling Demonstration Zone Hospital, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yujuan Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yang Ling Demonstration Zone Hospital, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yangao Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yang Ling Demonstration Zone Hospital, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Yan J, Li B, Chen Y, Gu C, Dai G, Zhang Q, Zheng Z, Luo D, Zhao S, Zhou C. Prevalence and predictors of developing vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy within the first three years of type 2 diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1305378. [PMID: 38192422 PMCID: PMC10773727 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1305378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and vision-threatening DR (VTDR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) stratified by the duration of diabetes and to identify the clinical variations and risk factors for VTDR occurring at different stages of T2DM. Methods This was a retrospective comparative study. Patients were divided into short- (≤3 years), intermediate- (3-7 years), and long-duration (>7 years) groups. All patients were followed-up for DR and VTDR development. Risk factors were explored using logistic regression analysis. Results A total of,2961 patients were included; among them, 1,036 (35.0%) patients developed DR, and 293 (9.9%) had VTDR. The frequency of VTDR in patients who developed DR in the short-duration group was significantly higher than that in the intermediate-duration group (25.7% vs. 15.0%; p = 0.019), but comparable with that of the long-duration group (25.7% vs. 31.8%; p = 0.138). Patients who developed VTDR within the first 3 years of T2DM were more likely to have a family history of diabetes (p = 0.024), had higher glycated hemoglobin (p = 0.025), were males (p = 0.042), and were notably older at the onset of diabetes (p <0.001) but younger when diagnosed with DR (p <0.001). Moreover, higher glycated hemoglobin (OR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.00-1.29; p = 0.043) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) (OR = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.08-4.91; p = 0.030) were independent risk factors for developing VTDR during the first 3 years of T2DM. Conclusion The risk of DR is not high in persons with ≤3 years' duration of T2DM, however, if afflicted, the risk of VTDR should never be neglected. More frequent retinal screening is warranted in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taizhou Zhangqin Eye Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Surgical Department, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chufeng Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Guosheng Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taizhou Zhangqin Eye Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taizhou Zhangqin Eye Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Dawei Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuzhi Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuandi Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Sharma S, Bhonde R. Applicability of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a cell-free miRNA therapy and epigenetic modifiers for diabetes. Epigenomics 2023; 15:1323-1336. [PMID: 38018455 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Given that exosome nanovesicles constitute various growth factors, miRNAs and lncRNAs, they have implications for epigenetic modifications. Few studies have shown that exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit therapeutic effects on diabetic complications by substituting miRNAs and regulating histone modifications. Therefore, reversing epigenetic aberrations in diabetes may provide new insight into its treatment. This review discusses the impact of DNA and histone methylations on the development of diabetes and its complications. Further, we talk about miRNAs dysregulated in diabetic conditions and the possibility of utilizing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) exosomes for the development of miRNA cell-free therapy and epigenetic modifiers in reversing diabetic-induced epigenetic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Sharma
- Institute For Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Ramesh Bhonde
- Dr D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, 411018, India
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Xiang XH, Wei J, Wang XF, Xu Q, Yu CL, He CL, Long T, Guo MS, Chen X, Zhou XG, Wu JM, Qin DL, Wu AG, Tang Y, Lv HB. Lychee seed polyphenol ameliorates DR via inhibiting inflammasome/apoptosis and angiogenesis in hRECs and db/db mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115478. [PMID: 37703661 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood retinal barrier (BRB) damage is an important pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, and alleviating BRB damage has become a key target for DR treatment. We previously found that Lycopene seed polyphenols (LSP) maintained BRB integrity by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation. However, it is still unknown whether LSP inhibits retinal neovascularization with abnormal capillaries and its mechanism of action. Here, we employed db/db mice and hRECs to find that LSP increases the level of glycolipid metabolism, maintains the morphology of retinal endothelial cells and inhibits acellular capillary neogenesis. Mechanistic studies revealed that LSP inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome, reduces cell apoptosis in retinal tissue, increases tight junction protein (TJ) expression, and reduces vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Ve-Cadherin in vivo and in vitro. Collectively, this study finds that LSP inhibits inflammation and angiogenesis to improve BRB function to ameliorate DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Xiang
- Department of Ophthalmology in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Eye School and Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Ophthalmopathy Prevention & Cure and Visual Function Protection of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiao-Fang Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy School of Preclinical Medicine Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Chong-Lin Yu
- Department of Human Anatomy School of Preclinical Medicine Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Chang-Long He
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Tao Long
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Ming-Song Guo
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Xue Chen
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Xiao-Gang Zhou
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Jian-Ming Wu
- Department of Human Anatomy School of Preclinical Medicine Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Da-Lian Qin
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - An-Guo Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Yong Tang
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine of Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Hong-Bin Lv
- Department of Ophthalmology in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
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Zhou C, She X, Gu C, Hu Y, Ma M, Qiu Q, Sun T, Xu X, Chen H, Zheng Z. FTO fuels diabetes-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction associated with inflammation by erasing m6A methylation of TNIP1. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e160517. [PMID: 37781923 PMCID: PMC10541204 DOI: 10.1172/jci160517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a critical and initiating factor of the vascular complications of diabetes. Inflammation plays an important role in endothelial dysfunction regulated by epigenetic modifications. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most prevalent epigenetic modifications in eukaryotic cells. In this research, we identified an m6A demethylase, fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), as an essential epitranscriptomic regulator in diabetes-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. We showed that enhanced FTO reduced the global level of m6A in hyperglycemia. FTO knockdown in endothelial cells (ECs) resulted in less inflammation and compromised ability of migration and tube formation. Compared with EC Ftofl/fl diabetic mice, EC-specific Fto-deficient (EC FtoΔ/Δ) diabetic mice displayed less retinal vascular leakage and acellular capillary formation. Furthermore, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-Seq) combined with RNA-Seq indicated that Tnip1 served as a downstream target of FTO. Luciferase activity assays and RNA pull-down demonstrated that FTO repressed TNIP1 mRNA expression by erasing its m6A methylation. In addition, TNIP1 depletion activated NF-κB and other inflammatory factors, which aggravated retinal vascular leakage and acellular capillary formation, while sustained expression of Tnip1 by intravitreal injection of adeno-associated virus alleviated endothelial impairments. These findings suggest that the FTO-TNIP1-NF-κB network provides potential targets to treat diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuandi Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinping She
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Chufeng Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanan Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingming Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinghua Qiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai 10th People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
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12
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Li M, Li J, Ji M, An J, Zhao T, Yang Y, Cai C, Gao P, Cao G, Guo X, Li B. CircHOMER1 inhibits porcine adipogenesis via the miR-23b/SIRT1 axis. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22828. [PMID: 36809667 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202202048rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Fat deposition is critical to pork quality. However, the mechanism of fat deposition remains to be elucidated. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are ideal biomarkers and are involved in adipogenesis. Here, we investigated the effect and mechanism of circHOMER1 on porcine adipogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Western blotting, Oil red O staining, and HE staining were used to assess the function of circHOMER1 in adipogenesis. The results showed that circHOMER1 inhibited adipogenic differentiation of porcine preadipocytes and suppressed adipogenesis in mice. Dual-luciferase reporter gene, RIP, and pull-down assays demonstrated that miR-23b directly bound to circHOMER1 and the 3'-UTR of SIRT1. Rescue experiments further illustrated the regulatory relationship among circHOMER1, miR-23b, and SIRT1. Conclusively, we demonstrate that circHOMER1 plays an inhibitory role in porcine adipogenesis through miR-23b and SIRT1. The present study revealed the mechanism of porcine adipogenesis, which may be helpful to improve pork quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Jiao Li
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Mengting Ji
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Jiaqi An
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Tianzhi Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Chunbo Cai
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Pengfei Gao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Guoqing Cao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Xiaohong Guo
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Bugao Li
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
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13
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Zhao B, Zhu L, Ye M, Lou X, Mou Q, Hu Y, Zhang H, Zhao Y. Oxidative stress and epigenetics in ocular vascular aging: an updated review. Mol Med 2023; 29:28. [PMID: 36849907 PMCID: PMC9972630 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00624-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular aging is an inevitable process with advancing age, which plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and microvascular diseases. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), characterized by microvascular dysfunction, are the common causes of irreversible blindness worldwide, however there is still a lack of effective therapeutic strategies for rescuing the visual function. In order to develop novel treatments, it is essential to illuminate the pathological mechanisms underlying the vascular aging during DR and AMD progression. In this review, we have summarized the recent discoveries of the effects of oxidative stress and epigenetics on microvascular degeneration, which could provide potential therapeutic targets for DR and AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lijia Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Meng Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaotong Lou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qianxue Mou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Yin Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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14
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Liao Y, Chu C, Ma Q, Yan Y, Wang D, Sun Y, Wang Y, Hu J, Chen C, Mu J. Transient high salt intake causes epigenetic changes and leads to persistent inflammatory activation to produce "salt memory". J Nutr Biochem 2023; 115:109281. [PMID: 36758838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Transient high salt intake causes a sustained increase in blood pressure (BP) even after returning to a normal-salt diet, a phenomenon known as "salt memory." However, the molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon remain to be elucidated. Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats were fed a high-salt (8% NaCl) or high-salt diet and treated with drugs for 8 to 16 weeks and then returned to a normal-salt diet for 3 months. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms of salt memory and its mediation of SS hypertension and renal damage. We show that transient high salt intake caused persistent elevation of BP and exacerbation of kidney damage in Dahl SS rats even after returning to a normal-salt diet. Both epigenetic changes and inflammatory activation also persisted after resumption of a normal diet. Arterial BP, renal injury and the inflammatory response returned to normal levels in rats administered mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) during the 8-week period of high salt intake, resulting in the disappearance of salt memory. However, the vasodilator hydralazine did not ameliorate kidney damage or inflammatory activation, although it decreased BP to control levels. Transient high salt intake increased histone 3 lysine 4 monomethylation (H3K4me1) levels at the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) subunit p65 promoter in SS rats, promoting p65 gene transcription and NF-κB activation and further leading to a series of inflammatory responses. Our findings demonstrate that transient high salt-induced epigenetic changes and persistent inflammatory activation play important roles in salt memory and its mediation of SS hypertension and renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyuan Liao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Chu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiawen Hu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianjun Mu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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15
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Bertelli PM, Pedrini E, Hughes D, McDonnell S, Pathak V, Peixoto E, Guduric-Fuchs J, Stitt AW, Medina RJ. Long term high glucose exposure induces premature senescence in retinal endothelial cells. Front Physiol 2022; 13:929118. [PMID: 36091370 PMCID: PMC9459081 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.929118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Features of cellular senescence have been described in diabetic retinal vasculature. The aim of this study was to investigate how the high glucose microenvironment impacts on the senescence program of retinal endothelial cells. Methods: Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells were cultured under control and high glucose conditions of 5 mM and 25 mM D-glucose, respectively. Isomeric l-glucose was used as the osmotic control. Cells were counted using CASY technology until they reached their Hayflick limit. Senescence-associated β-Galactosidase was used to identify senescent cells. Endothelial cell functionality was evaluated by the clonogenic, 3D tube formation, and barrier formation assays. Cell metabolism was characterized using the Seahorse Bioanalyzer. Gene expression analysis was performed by bulk RNA sequencing. Retinal tissues from db/db and db/+ mice were evaluated for the presence of senescent cells. Publicly available scRNA-sequencing data for retinas from Akimba and control mice was used for gene set enrichment analysis. Results: Long term exposure to 25 mM D-Glucose accelerated the establishment of cellular senescence in human retinal endothelial cells when compared to 5 mM D-glucose and osmotic controls. This was shown from 4 weeks, by a significant slower growth, higher percentages of cells positive for senescence-associated β-galactosidase, an increase in cell size, and lower expression of pRb and HMGB2. These senescence features were associated with decreased clonogenic capacity, diminished tubulogenicity, and impaired barrier function. Long term high glucose-cultured cells exhibited diminished glycolysis, with lower protein expression of GLUT1, GLUT3, and PFKFB3. Transcriptomic analysis, after 4 weeks of culture, identified downregulation of ALDOC, PFKL, and TPI1, in cells cultured with 25 mM D-glucose when compared to controls. The retina from db/db mice showed a significant increase in acellular capillaries associated with a significant decrease in vascular density in the intermediate and deep retinal plexuses, when compared to db/+ mice. Senescent endothelial cells within the db/db retinal vasculature were identified by senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining. Analysis of single cell transcriptomics data for the Akimba mouse retina highlighted an enrichment of senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype gene signatures when compared to control mice. Conclusion: A diabetic-like microenvironment of 25 mM D-glucose was sufficient to accelerate the establishment of cellular senescence in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Reinhold J. Medina
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Life Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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16
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MiR-23b Promotes Porcine Preadipocyte Differentiation via SESN3 and ACSL4. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152339. [PMID: 35954183 PMCID: PMC9367261 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic improvement of pork quality is one of the hot topics in pig germplasm innovation. Backfat thickness and intramuscular fat content are important indexes of meat quality. MiRNAs are becoming recognized as a crucial regulator of adipose development. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how miR-23b regulates fat metabolism at the molecular level. In the present study, Oil Red O staining, and Western blot were used to evaluate the effect of miR-23b on the differentiation of porcine preadipocytes. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, pulldown, and RIP were used to reveal the mechanism of miR-23b regulating cell differentiation. The findings demonstrated that miR-23b promotes the expression of adipogenic factors and increases the content of lipid droplets, thus promoting the differentiation of preadipocytes. Further research found that miR-23b can directly bind to the 3’UTR of SESN3 to regulate adipogenic differentiation. In addition, it was speculated that miR-23b controls cell differentiation by positively regulating the expression of ACSL4 in other ways. Here, we demonstrate that miR-23b promotes the differentiation of porcine preadipocytes by targeting SESN3 and promoting the expression of ACSL4. The present study is meaningful to the improvement of pork quality and the development of animal husbandry.
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17
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Chen Z, Natarajan R. Epigenetic modifications in metabolic memory: What are the memories, and can we erase them? Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C570-C582. [PMID: 35785987 PMCID: PMC9359656 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00201.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Inherent and acquired abnormalities in gene regulation due to the influence of genetics and epigenetics (traits related to environment rather than genetic factors) underly many diseases including diabetes. Diabetes could lead to multiple complications including retinopathy, nephropathy and cardiovascular disease that greatly increase morbidity and mortality. Epigenetic changes have also been linked to diabetes-related complications. Genes associated with many pathophysiological features of these vascular complications (e.g., inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress) can be regulated by epigenetic mechanisms involving histone posttranslational modifications, DNA methylation, changes in chromatin structure/remodeling and noncoding RNAs. Intriguingly, these epigenetic changes triggered during early periods of hyperglycemic exposure and uncontrolled diabetes are not immediately corrected even after restoration of normoglycemia and metabolic balance. This latency in effect across time and conditions is associated with persistent development of complications in diabetes with prior history of poor glycemic control, termed as metabolic memory or legacy effect. Epigenetic modifications are generally reversible and provide a window of therapeutic opportunity to ameliorate cellular dysfunction and mitigate or 'erase' metabolic memory. Notably, trained immunity and related epigenetic changes transmitted from hematopoietic stem cells to innate immune cells have also been implicated in metabolic memory. Hence, identification of epigenetic variations at candidate genes, or epigenetic signatures genome-wide by epigenome-wide association studies can aid in prompt diagnosis to prevent progression of complications and identification of much-needed new therapeutic targets. Herein, we provide a review of epigenetics and epigenomics in metabolic memory of diabetic complications covering the current basic research, clinical data, and translational implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States
| | - Rama Natarajan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States
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18
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Jiang H, Liu J, Guo S, Zeng L, Cai Z, Zhang J, Wang L, Li Z, Liu R. miR-23b-3p rescues cognition in Alzheimer's disease by reducing tau phosphorylation and apoptosis via GSK-3β signaling pathways. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 28:539-557. [PMID: 35592504 PMCID: PMC9092887 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated microRNA (miRNA) expression in the brain can contribute to cognitive dysfunction and aberrant tau hyperphosphorylation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Several studies have reported a role for microRNA-23b-3p (miR-23b-3p) in various neurologic disorders; however, its involvement in cognition-related functions remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the potential therapeutic effects and mechanisms of miR-23b-3p in AD. miRNA profiles in the cortex of amyloid precursor protein (APP)/presenilin 1 (PS1) double transgenic mice (APP/PS1 mice) demonstrated that miR-23b-3p was reduced. This decrease was verified in APPswe cells, SAMP8 mouse brains, and plasma from AD patients. Furthermore, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), a major tau kinase implicated in tau pathology, was identified as a target of miR-23b-3p. Functional in vivo studies demonstrated that intracerebroventricular delivery of miR-23b-3p in APP/PS1 mice ameliorated cognitive deficits, histopathological changes, and tau phosphorylation immunoreactivity at several sites by inhibiting GSK-3β expression and activation. Similarly, the upregulation of miR-23b-3p in APPswe cells inhibited GSK-3β-mediated tau hyperphosphorylation, Aβ1-42 generation, and neuronal apoptosis, resulting in the suppression of the GSK-3β/p-tau and Bax/caspase-3 pathways. Collectively, our findings strongly support the hypothesis that miR-23b-3p plays a neuroprotective role in AD, thereby identifying miR-23b-3p as a promising therapeutic target for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailun Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Jianghong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Shuilong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Li Zeng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Zhongdi Cai
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Junxia Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Zhuorong Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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19
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Opazo-Ríos L, Tejera-Muñoz A, Soto Catalan M, Marchant V, Lavoz C, Mas Fontao S, Moreno JA, Fierro Fernandez M, Ramos R, Suarez-Alvarez B, López-Larrea C, Ruiz-Ortega M, Egido J, Rodrigues-Díez RR. Kidney microRNA Expression Pattern in Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy in BTBR Ob/Ob Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:778776. [PMID: 35370692 PMCID: PMC8966705 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.778776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the main leading cause of chronic kidney disease worldwide. Although remarkable therapeutic advances have been made during the last few years, there still exists a high residual risk of disease progression to end-stage renal failure. To further understand the pathogenesis of tissue injury in this disease, by means of the Next-Generation Sequencing, we have studied the microRNA (miRNA) differential expression pattern in kidneys of Black and Tan Brachyury (BTBR) ob/ob (leptin deficiency mutation) mouse. This experimental model of type 2 diabetes and obesity recapitulates the key histopathological features described in advanced human DN and therefore can provide potential useful translational information. The miRNA-seq analysis, performed in the renal cortex of 22-week-old BTBR ob/ob mice, pointed out a set of 99 miRNAs significantly increased compared to non-diabetic, non-obese control mice of the same age, whereas no miRNAs were significantly decreased. Among them, miR-802, miR-34a, miR-132, miR-101a, and mir-379 were the most upregulated ones in diabetic kidneys. The in silico prediction of potential targets for the 99 miRNAs highlighted inflammatory and immune processes, as the most relevant pathways, emphasizing the importance of inflammation in the pathogenesis of kidney damage associated to diabetes. Other identified top canonical pathways were adipogenesis (related with ectopic fatty accumulation), necroptosis (an inflammatory and regulated form of cell death), and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, the latter supporting the importance of tubular cell phenotype changes in the pathogenesis of DN. These findings could facilitate a better understanding of this complex disease and potentially open new avenues for the design of novel therapeutic approaches to DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Opazo-Ríos
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Las Américas, Concepción, Chile
| | - Antonio Tejera-Muñoz
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Soto Catalan
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Marchant
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Lavoz
- Laboratorio de Nefrología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Sebastián Mas Fontao
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Moreno
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), UGC Nephrology, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marta Fierro Fernandez
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Viral Vectors Service, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Ramos
- Unidad de Genómica Fundación Parque Científico de Madrid, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Suarez-Alvarez
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos López-Larrea
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Central De Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Egido
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl R Rodrigues-Díez
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Translational Immunology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
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20
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Garavelli S, Prattichizzo F, Ceriello A, Galgani M, de Candia P. Type 1 Diabetes and Associated Cardiovascular Damage: Contribution of Extracellular Vesicles in Tissue Crosstalk. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:631-651. [PMID: 34407376 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of the insulin secreting β-cells, with consequent aberrant blood glucose levels. Hyperglycemia is the common denominator for most of the chronic diabetic vascular complications, which represent the main cause of life reduction in T1D patients. For this disease, three interlaced medical needs remain: understanding the underlying mechanisms involved in pancreatic β-cell loss; identifying biomarkers able to predict T1D progression and its related complications; recognizing novel therapeutic targets. Recent Advances: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by most cell types, were discovered to contain a plethora of different molecules (including microRNAs) with regulatory properties, which are emerging as mediators of cell-to-cell communication at the paracrine and endocrine level. Recent knowledge suggests that EVs may act as pathogenic factors, and be developed into disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the context of several human diseases. Critical Issues: EVs have been recently shown to sustain a dysregulated cellular crosstalk able to exacerbate the autoimmune response in the pancreatic islets of T1D; moreover, EVs were shown to be able to monitor and/or predict the progression of T1D and the insurgence of vasculopathies. Future Directions: More mechanistic studies are needed to investigate whether the dysregulation of EVs in T1D patients is solely reflecting the progression of diabetes and related complications, or EVs also directly participate in the disease process, thus pointing to a potential use of EVs as therapeutic targets/tools in T1D. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 631-651.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Garavelli
- Institute for Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology "G. Salvatore," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (C.N.R.), Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Mario Galgani
- Institute for Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology "G. Salvatore," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (C.N.R.), Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II," Italy
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21
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Flowers E, Kanaya AM, Zhang L, Aouizerat BE. The Role of Racial and Ethnic Factors in MicroRNA Expression and Risk for Type 2 Diabetes. Front Genet 2022; 13:853633. [PMID: 35368704 PMCID: PMC8971619 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.853633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior studies focused on circulating microRNAs and the risk for complex diseases have shown inconsistent findings. The majority of studies focused on European and East Asian racial or ethnic groups, however, ancestry was not typically reported. We evaluated the risk for type 2 diabetes as an exemplar to show that race and ethnic group may contribute to inconsistent validation of previous findings of associations with microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Flowers
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Physiological Nursing, San Francisco, CA, United States
- University of California, San Francisco, Institute for Human Genetics, San Francisco, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Elena Flowers,
| | - Alka M. Kanaya
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, CA, United States
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Li Zhang
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Bradley E. Aouizerat
- New York University Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York, NY, United States
- New York University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York, NY, United States
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22
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Wilson NRC, Veatch OJ, Johnson SM. On the Relationship between Diabetes and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Evolution and Epigenetics. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030668. [PMID: 35327470 PMCID: PMC8945691 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review offers an overview of the relationship between diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), obesity, and heart disease. It then addresses evidence that the traditional understanding of this relationship is incomplete or misleading. In the process, there is a brief discussion of the evolutionary rationale for the development and retention of OSA in light of blood sugar dysregulation, as an adaptive mechanism in response to environmental stressors, followed by a brief overview of the general concepts of epigenetics. Finally, this paper presents the results of a literature search on the epigenetic marks and changes in gene expression found in OSA and diabetes. (While some of these marks will also correlate with obesity and heart disease, that is beyond the scope of this project). We conclude with an exploration of alternative explanations for the etiology of these interlinking diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. R. C. Wilson
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;
| | - Olivia J. Veatch
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Steven M. Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;
- Correspondence:
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23
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Dhawan P, Vasishta S, Balakrishnan A, Joshi MB. Mechanistic insights into glucose induced vascular epigenetic reprogramming in type 2 diabetes. Life Sci 2022; 298:120490. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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miRNA signatures in diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy: delineating underlying mechanisms. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:19-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00867-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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25
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Tong N, Wang L, Gong H, Pan L, Yuan F, Zhou Z. Clinical Manifestations of Supra-Large Range Nonperfusion Area in Diabetic Retinopathy. Int J Clin Pract 2022; 2022:8775641. [PMID: 35685609 PMCID: PMC9159255 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8775641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We describe the clinical manifestations of supra-large range nonperfusion area (SLRNPA) in diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS This was a retrospective case-control study. A total of 260 eyes of 236 patients with DR who underwent pars plana vitrectomy in the Department of Ophthalmology of Qingdao Municipal Hospital from February 2016 to June 2019 were enrolled. Fundus fluorescein angiography was performed after surgery to determine whether SLRNPA or non-SLRNPA in DR was present. All demographic and clinical data were carefully collected. RESULTS Forty-one eyes of 22 patients were diagnosed with SLRNPA in DR (15.77% of all eyes). Compared to non-SLRNPA, SLRNPA patients were more likely to be male and younger with earlier DR onset, a smoking history, other comorbidities, and a higher HbA1c level. SLRNPA in DR eyes exhibited more neovascular glaucoma (NVG) and diabetic keratopathy (DK) than did other eyes. Such eyes were more likely to require anti-VEGF therapy before surgery or a silicone oil or a gas tamponade during surgery and to suffer from persistent corneal epithelial erosion and NVG recurrence after surgery. CONCLUSIONS SLRNPA in DR is a severe status of DR. Treatment for DR patients with SLRNPA is difficult, and the prognosis is poor, so clinicians must thus pay more attention to SLRNPA in DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianting Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Liangyu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Huimin Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Fuxiang Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhanyu Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
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26
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Cui X, Huang X, Huang M, Zhou S, Guo L, Yu W, Duan M, Jiang B, Zeng J, Zhou J, Huang X, Liang P, Zhang P. miR-24-3p obstructs the proliferation and migration of HSFs after thermal injury by targeting PPAR-β and positively regulated by NF-κB. Exp Dermatol 2021; 31:841-853. [PMID: 34932851 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thermal injury repair is a complex process during which the maintenance of the proliferation and migration of human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) exert a crucial role. MicroRNAs have been proven to exert an essential function in repairing skin burns. This study delves into the regulatory effects of miR-24-3p on the migration and proliferation of HSFs that have sustained a thermal injury; thereby, providing deeper insight into thermal injury repair pathogenesis. The PPAR-β protein expression level progressively increased in a time-dependent manner on the 12th , 24th , and 48th hour following the thermal injury of the HSFs. The knockdown of PPAR-β markedly suppressed the proliferation of and migration of HSF. Following thermal injury, the knockdown also promoted the inflammatory cytokine IL-6, TNF-, PTGS-2, and P65 expression. PPAR-β contrastingly exhibited an opposite trend. A targeted relationship between PPAR-β and miR-24-3p was predicted and verified. miR-24-3p inhibited thermal injured-HSFs proliferation and migration and facilitated inflammatory cytokine expression through the regulation of PPAR-β. p65 directly targeted the transcriptional precursor of miR-24 and promoted miR-24 expression. A negative correlation between miR-24-3p expression level and PPAR-β expression level in rats burnt dermal tissues was observed. Our findings reveal that miR-24-3p is conducive to rehabilitating the denatured dermis, which may be beneficial in providing effective therapy of skin burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cui
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Xu Huang
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Mitao Huang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Situo Zhou
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Le Guo
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Wenchang Yu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Mengting Duan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Bimei Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Jizhang Zeng
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Huang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Liang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Pihong Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
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27
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Hou J, Li AL, Xiong WQ, Chen R. Hsa Circ 001839 Promoted Inflammation in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through NLRP3 by miR-432-3p. Nephron Clin Pract 2021; 145:540-552. [PMID: 33975327 DOI: 10.1159/000515279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, increasing discovery of the extremely important regulatory effects of circular RNAs on biological development, angiogenesis, tumor genesis, and development, as well as stem cell proliferation and differentiation has provided new opportunities for investigating regulation mechanism in angiogenesis. OBJECTIVES This study explored the expression of circ 001839 in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RI-RI) rats and whether its upstream microRNA-432-3p (miR-432-3p) affects inflammation in both RI-RI rats and NRK52E cells. METHODS Rat model of RI-RI was made, and circ 001839 was identified by the gene-chip analysis in RI-RI rats. Expression of circ 001839 and miR-432-3p was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, protein expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-6, and IL-18 in rat serum and cell supernatant was determined by ELISA, and the expression of NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) and other gap-associated proteins in NRK52E cells was evaluated by Western blot analysis. Next, to verify the regulatory relationship between circ 001839 and miR-432-3p, 2 luciferase reporters were constructed. RESULTS Circ 001839 expression of RI-RI rats and NRK52E cells was significantly upregulated, compared with the control group. Circ 001839 overexpression significantly increased inflammation through promoting TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6 expression levels in NRK52E cells. Overexpression of miR-432-3p significantly promoted inflammation in NRK52E cells via induction of NLRP3. Moreover, miR-432-3p decreased the effects of circ 001839-induced inflammation in NRK52E cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that circ 001839 promoted inflammation in RI-RI through NLRP3 by miR-432-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hou
- Department of Urology, Luzhou People's Hospital, Luzhou, China
| | - Ai-Ling Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei-Qun Xiong
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Run Chen
- College of Sports, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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28
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Nebbioso M, Lambiase A, Armentano M, Tucciarone G, Sacchetti M, Greco A, Alisi L. Diabetic retinopathy, oxidative stress, and sirtuins: an in depth look in enzymatic patterns and new therapeutic horizons. Surv Ophthalmol 2021; 67:168-183. [PMID: 33864872 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of blindness in the world. DR represents the most common microvascular complication of diabetes, and its incidence is constantly rising. The complex interactions between inflammation, oxidative stress, and the production of free oxygen radicals caused by prolonged exposure to hyperglycemia determine the development of DR. Sirtuins (SIRTs) are a recently discovered class of 7 histone deacetylases involved in cellular senescence, regulation of cell cycle, metabolic pathways, and DNA repair. SIRTs participate in the progress of several pathologies such as cancer, neurodegeneration, and metabolic diseases. In DR sirtuins 1,3,5, and 6 play an important role as they regulate the activation of the inflammatory response, insulin sensibility, and both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. A wide spectrum of direct and indirect activators of SIRTs pathways (e.g., antagomiR, resveratrol, or glycyrrhizin) is currently being developed to treat the inflammatory cascade occurring in DR. We focus on the main metabolic and inflammatory pathways involving SIRTs and DR, as well as recent evidence on SIRTs activators that may be employed as novel therapeutic approaches to DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Nebbioso
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I. Sapienza University of Rome, v. le del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Lambiase
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I. Sapienza University of Rome, v. le del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marta Armentano
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I. Sapienza University of Rome, v. le del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giosuè Tucciarone
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I. Sapienza University of Rome, v. le del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Sacchetti
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I. Sapienza University of Rome, v. le del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I. Sapienza University of Rome, v. le del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovico Alisi
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I. Sapienza University of Rome, v. le del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
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29
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Activators of SIRT1 in the kidney and protective effects of SIRT1 during acute kidney injury (AKI) (effect of SIRT1 activators on acute kidney injury). Clin Exp Nephrol 2021; 25:807-821. [PMID: 33779856 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-021-02057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex disorder and a clinical condition characterized by acute reduction in renal function. If AKI is not treated, it can lead to chronic kidney disease, which is associated with a high risk of death. SIRT1 (silent information regulator 1) is an NAD-dependent deacetylase. This enzyme is responsible for the processes of DNA repair or recombination, chromosomal stability, and gene transcription. This enzyme also plays a protective role in many diseases, including AKI. In this study, we review the mechanisms that mediate the protective effects of SIRT1 on AKI, including SIRT1 activators.
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30
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Conte C, Terruzzi I, Ambrosio G. Metabolic memory in diabetes: Permanent scar, legacy, or ongoing domino effect? Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:4-6. [PMID: 33744936 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Conte
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy.,Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Ileana Terruzzi
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences and Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ambrosio
- Division of Cardiology, University of Perugia School of Medicine, Perugia, Italy
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31
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Xu B, Zhang X, Gao Y, Song J, Shi B. Microglial Annexin A3 promoted the development of melanoma via activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23622. [PMID: 33118214 PMCID: PMC7891517 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma, a relatively common malignancy, has become one of the tumors with the fastest rising incidence in recent years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Microglial Annexin A3 (ANXA3) on melanoma. METHODS Serum samples were obtained from 20 patients with melanoma or 20 healthy controls. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed. Transcriptome were used to analyze the correlation between ANXA3 expression and overall survival in patients with melanoma. Human melanoma cell lines WM-115 cells were transfected with ANXA3, si-ANXA3, ANXA3 + si-hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), si-ANXA3 + HIF-1α, and negative plasmids. Cell proliferation assay, cell invasion assay, and wound healing assay were performed on WM-115 cells. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and caspase-3/9 activities were detected by commercial kits. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression of relation factors. RESULTS ANXA3 expression was up-regulated in patients with melanoma in comparison with healthy controls. Over-expression of ANXA3 promoted cell growth and migration, and reduced cytotoxicity of WM-115 cells. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with high ANXA3 expression were both lower than those of patients with low ANXA3 expression. Down-regulation of ANXA3 reduced cell growth and migration, and promoted cytotoxicity of WM-115 cells. ANXA3 induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway by activation of HIF-1α. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our results indicated that ANXA3 promoted cell growth and migration of melanoma via activation of HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- Department of SurgeryZhejiang Rehabilitation Medical CenterHangzhouChina
| | - Xiping Zhang
- Department of Tumor SurgeryZhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhouChina
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of SurgeryZhejiang Rehabilitation Medical CenterHangzhouChina
| | - Jianfei Song
- Department of SurgeryZhejiang Rehabilitation Medical CenterHangzhouChina
| | - Bailing Shi
- Department of SurgeryThe Third Affiliated Hospital of ZhejiangChinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
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32
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Kadota T, Yoshioka Y, Fujita Y, Araya J, Minagawa S, Hara H, Miyamoto A, Suzuki S, Fujimori S, Kohno T, Fujii T, Kishi K, Kuwano K, Ochiya T. Extracellular Vesicles from Fibroblasts Induce Epithelial-Cell Senescence in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 63:623-636. [PMID: 32730709 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0002oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant epithelial-mesenchymal interactions have critical roles in regulating fibrosis development. The involvement of extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, remains to be elucidated in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Here, we found that lung fibroblasts (LFs) from patients with IPF induce cellular senescence via EV-mediated transfer of pathogenic cargo to lung epithelial cells. Mechanistically, IPF LF-derived EVs increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and associated mitochondrial damage in lung epithelial cells, leading to activation of the DNA damage response and subsequent epithelial-cell senescence. We showed that IPF LF-derived EVs contain elevated levels of microRNA-23b-3p (miR-23b-3p) and miR-494-3p, which suppress SIRT3, resulting in the epithelial EV-induced phenotypic changes. Furthermore, the levels of miR-23b-3p and miR-494-3p found in IPF LF-derived EVs correlated positively with IPF disease severity. These findings reveal that the accelerated epithelial-cell mitochondrial damage and senescence observed during IPF pathogenesis are caused by a novel paracrine effect of IPF fibroblasts via microRNA-containing EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Kadota
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshioka
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Yu Fujita
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Araya
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Minagawa
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Hara
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Takeshi Fujii
- Department of Pathology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuma Kishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Center
| | - Kazuyoshi Kuwano
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; and
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33
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Garavelli S, Bruzzaniti S, Tagliabue E, Di Silvestre D, Prattichizzo F, Mozzillo E, Fattorusso V, La Sala L, Ceriello A, Puca AA, Mauri P, Strollo R, Marigliano M, Maffeis C, Petrelli A, Bosi E, Franzese A, Galgani M, Matarese G, de Candia P. Plasma circulating miR-23~27~24 clusters correlate with the immunometabolic derangement and predict C-peptide loss in children with type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2020; 63:2699-2712. [PMID: 32728892 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05237-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We aimed to analyse the association between plasma circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) and the immunometabolic profile in children with type 1 diabetes and to identify a composite signature of miRNAs/immunometabolic factors able to predict type 1 diabetes progression. METHODS Plasma samples were obtained from children at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (n = 88) and at 12 (n = 32) and 24 (n = 30) months after disease onset and from healthy control children with similar sex and age distribution (n = 47). We quantified 60 robustly expressed plasma circulating miRNAs by quantitative RT-PCR and nine plasma immunometabolic factors with a recognised role at the interface of metabolic and immune alterations in type 1 diabetes. Based on fasting C-peptide loss over time, children with type 1 diabetes were stratified into the following groups: those who had lost >90% of C-peptide compared with diagnosis level; those who had lost <10% of C-peptide; those showing an intermediate C-peptide loss. To evaluate the modulation of plasma circulating miRNAs during the course of type 1 diabetes, logistic regression models were implemented and the correlation between miRNAs and immunometabolic factors was also assessed. Results were then validated in an independent cohort of children with recent-onset type 1 diabetes (n = 18). The prognostic value of the identified plasma signature was tested by a neural network-based model. RESULTS Plasma circulating miR-23~27~24 clusters (miR-23a-3p, miR-23b-3p, miR-24-3p, miR-27a-3p and miR-27b-3p) were upmodulated upon type 1 diabetes progression, showed positive correlation with osteoprotegerin (OPG) and were negatively correlated with soluble CD40 ligand, resistin, myeloperoxidase and soluble TNF receptor in children with type 1 diabetes but not in healthy children. The combination of plasma circulating miR-23a-3p, miR-23b-3p, miR-24-3p, miR-27b-3p and OPG, quantified at disease onset, showed a significant capability to predict the decline in insulin secretion 12 months after disease diagnosis in two independent cohorts of children with type 1 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATIONS We have pinpointed a novel miR-23a-3p/miR-23b-3p/miR-24-3p/miR-27b-3p/OPG plasma signature that may be developed into a novel blood-based method to better stratify patients with type 1 diabetes and predict C-peptide loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Garavelli
- IRCCS MultiMedica, via G. Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy
- Institute for Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology 'G. Salvatore', C.N.R, via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Bruzzaniti
- Institute for Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology 'G. Salvatore', C.N.R, via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Tagliabue
- IRCCS MultiMedica, via G. Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Enza Mozzillo
- Centre of Paediatric Diabetology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Fattorusso
- Centre of Paediatric Diabetology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia La Sala
- IRCCS MultiMedica, via G. Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Annibale A Puca
- IRCCS MultiMedica, via G. Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Mauri
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, C. N. R, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Rocky Strollo
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Università Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Marigliano
- Paediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Maffeis
- Paediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Petrelli
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bosi
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Franzese
- Centre of Paediatric Diabetology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Galgani
- Institute for Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology 'G. Salvatore', C.N.R, via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples 'Federico II', via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Matarese
- Institute for Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology 'G. Salvatore', C.N.R, via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples 'Federico II', via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Paola de Candia
- IRCCS MultiMedica, via G. Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy.
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Meng T, Qin W, Liu B. SIRT1 Antagonizes Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Vascular Complication. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:568861. [PMID: 33304318 PMCID: PMC7701141 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.568861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic mellitus (DM) is a significant public health concern worldwide with an increased incidence of morbidity and mortality, which is particularly due to the diabetic vascular complications. Several pivotal underlying mechanisms are associated with vascular complications, including hyperglycemia, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and most importantly, oxidative stress. Oxidative stress triggers defective angiogenesis, activates pro-inflammatory pathways and causes long-lasting epigenetic changes to facilitate the development of vascular complications. Therefore, therapeutic interventions targeting oxidative stress are promising to manage diabetic vascular complications. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1), a class III histone deacetylase belonging to the sirtuin family, plays critical roles in regulating metabolism and ageing-related pathological conditions, such as vascular diseases. Growing evidence has indicated that SIRT1 acts as a sensing regulator in response to oxidative stress and attenuates vascular dysfunction via cooperating with adenosine-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to activate antioxidant signals through various downstream effectors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator 1 (PGC-1α), forkhead transcription factors (FOXOs), and peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor α (PPARα). In addition, SIRT1 interacts with hydrogen sulfide (H2S), regulates NADPH oxidase, endothelial NO synthase, and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) to suppress oxidative stress. Furthermore, mRNA expression of sirt1 is affected by microRNAs in DM. In the current review, we summarize recent advances illustrating the importance of SIRT1 in antagonizing oxidative stress. We also discuss whether modulation of SIRT1 can serve as a therapeutic strategy to treat diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Meng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and Intervention, National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weifeng Qin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and Intervention, National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Baohua Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and Intervention, National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Ji Q, Han J, Wang L, Liu J, Dong Y, Zhu K, Shi L. MicroRNA-34a promotes apoptosis of retinal vascular endothelial cells by targeting SIRT1 in rats with diabetic retinopathy. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:2886-2896. [PMID: 33064974 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1827509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MiR-34a is associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR). This article aims to demystify the role of miR-34a in DR. We established a DR model by streptozocin injection. Rat retinal vascular endothelial cells (RVECs) were treated with high glucose (HG) to induce DR. The pathological changes of retinal tissues and blood-retinal vascular barrier permeability of DR rats were assessed by HE staining and Evans-Blue leak test. The expression of gene and protein was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR or western blot. MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed to detect proliferation and apoptosis. The relationship between miR-34a and SIRT1 was evaluated using luciferase reporter assay. MiR-34a was up-regulated and SIRT1 was down-regulated in retinal tissues of DR rats and HG-induced RVECs. MiR-34a silencing improved DR by regulating apoptosis and VEGF expression in DR rats. Furthermore, miR-34a interacted with SIRT1 and suppressed SIRT1 expression. MiR-34a overexpression inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of RVECs, which was effectively abolished by SIRT1 up-regulation. In summary, our data demonstrate that miR-34a promotes apoptosis of RVECs by targeting SIRT1 in DR rats. Our findings suggest that miR-34a/SIRT1 axis could be a valuable target for DR therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshan Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lisong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yiran Dong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui, China
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36
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Rigo M, Lecocq M, Brouzeng C, Michelet M, Mohammedi K, Blanco L, Poupon P, Haissaguerre M, Monlun M, Foussard N, Larroumet A, Devouge AC, Ducos C, Bataglini Q, Liébart M, Rigalleau V. Skin autofluorescence, a marker of glucose memory in type 2 diabetes. Metabol Open 2020; 7:100038. [PMID: 32812941 PMCID: PMC7424807 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2020.100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract The accumulation of Advanced Glycation End-products in the tissues studied as a marker of metabolic memory. Skin autofluorescence as a marker of glycemic memory in type 2 diabetes. Skin autofluorescence was independently related to their most ancient HbA1c. Skin autofluorescence was higher in subjects with microangiopathic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Rigo
- CHU de Bordeaux, Department of Nutrition-Diabetology, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Maxime Lecocq
- CHU de Bordeaux, Department of Nutrition-Diabetology, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Charlotte Brouzeng
- CHU de Bordeaux, Department of Nutrition-Diabetology, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Marie Michelet
- CHU de Bordeaux, Department of Nutrition-Diabetology, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Kamel Mohammedi
- CHU de Bordeaux, Department of Nutrition-Diabetology, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Laurence Blanco
- CHU de Bordeaux, Department of Nutrition-Diabetology, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Pauline Poupon
- CHU de Bordeaux, Department of Nutrition-Diabetology, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | | | - Marie Monlun
- CHU de Bordeaux, Department of Nutrition-Diabetology, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Ninon Foussard
- CHU de Bordeaux, Department of Nutrition-Diabetology, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Alice Larroumet
- CHU de Bordeaux, Department of Nutrition-Diabetology, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Anne-Claire Devouge
- CHU de Bordeaux, Department of Nutrition-Diabetology, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Claire Ducos
- CHU de Bordeaux, Department of Nutrition-Diabetology, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Quentin Bataglini
- CHU de Bordeaux, Department of Nutrition-Diabetology, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Marion Liébart
- CHU de Bordeaux, Department of Nutrition-Diabetology, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Vincent Rigalleau
- CHU de Bordeaux, Department of Nutrition-Diabetology, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
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37
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Costantino S, Mohammed SA, Ambrosini S, Paneni F. The vascular epigenome in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes: opportunities for personalized therapies. VASCULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 2:H19-H28. [PMID: 32923971 PMCID: PMC7439922 DOI: 10.1530/vb-20-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Our genetic background provides limited information on individual risk of developing vascular complications overtime. New biological layers, namely epigenetic modifications, are now emerging as potent regulators of gene expression thus leading to altered transcriptional programs and vascular disease phenotypes. Such epigenetic modifications, defined as changes to the genome that do not involve changes in DNA sequence, are generally induced by environmental factors and poor lifestyle habits. Of note, adverse epigenetic signals acquired during life can be transmitted to the offspring thus leading to premature alterations of the epigenetic and transcriptional landscape eventually leading to early endothelial dysfunction and vascular senescence. Modifications of the epigenome play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of cardiometabolic disturbances such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. In these patients, changes of DNA methylation and chromatin structure contribute to alter pathways regulating insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, adipogenesis and vascular function. In this perspective, unveiling the 'epigenetic landscape' in cardiometabolic patients may help to identify new players implicated in obesity and diabetes-related vascular dysfunction and may pave the way for personalized therapies in this setting. In the present review, we discuss current knowledge of the epigenetic routes implicated in vascular damage and cardiovascular disease in patients with metabolic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Costantino
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Shafeeq A Mohammed
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Samuele Ambrosini
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Tu Y, Zhu M, Wang Z, Wang K, Chen L, Liu W, Shi Q, Zhao Q, Sun Y, Wang X, Song E, Liu X. Melatonin inhibits Müller cell activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production via upregulating the MEG3/miR-204/Sirt1 axis in experimental diabetic retinopathy. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8724-8735. [PMID: 32324260 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common ocular complication caused by diabetes mellitus and is the main cause of visual impairment in working-age people. Reactive gliosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine production by Müller cells contribute to the progression of DR. Melatonin is a strong anti-inflammatory hormone, mediating the cytoprotective effect of a variety of retinal cells against hyperglycemia. In this study, melatonin inhibited the gliosis activation and inflammatory cytokine production of Müller cells in both in vitro and in vivo models of DR. The melatonin membrane blocker, Luzindole, invalidated the melatonin-mediated protective effect on Müller cells. Furthermore, melatonin inhibited Müller cell activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production by upregulating the long noncoding RNA maternally expressed gene 3/miR-204/sirtuin 1 axis. In conclusion, our study suggested that melatonin treatment could be a novel therapeutic strategy for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Tu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Manhui Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wangrui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, China
| | - Qin Shi
- Jinqiao Clinic, Shanghai Pudong New Area Public Benefit Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingliang Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yake Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - E Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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Lipski DA, Foucart V, Dewispelaere R, Caspers LE, Defrance M, Bruyns C, Willermain F. Retinal endothelial cell phenotypic modifications during experimental autoimmune uveitis: a transcriptomic approach. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:106. [PMID: 32183784 PMCID: PMC7076950 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-1333-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-retinal barrier cells are known to exhibit a massive phenotypic change during experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) development. In an attempt to investigate the mechanisms of blood-retinal barrier (BRB) breakdown at a global level, we studied the gene regulation of total retinal cells and retinal endothelial cells during non-infectious uveitis. METHODS Retinal endothelial cells were isolated by flow cytometry either in Tie2-GFP mice (CD31+ CD45- GFP+ cells), or in wild type C57BL/6 mice (CD31+ CD45- endoglin+ cells). EAU was induced in C57BL/6 mice by adoptive transfer of IRBP1-20-specific T cells. Total retinal cells and retinal endothelial cells from naïve and EAU mice were sorted and their gene expression compared by RNA-Seq. Protein expression of selected genes was validated by immunofluorescence on retinal wholemounts and cryosections and by flow cytometry. RESULTS Retinal endothelial cell sorting in wild type C57BL/6 mice was validated by comparative transcriptome analysis with retinal endothelial cells sorted from Tie2-GFP mice, which express GFP under the control of the endothelial-specific receptor tyrosine kinase promoter Tie2. RNA-Seq analysis of total retinal cells mainly brought to light upregulation of genes involved in antigen presentation and T cell activation during EAU. Specific transcriptome analysis of retinal endothelial cells allowed us to identify 82 genes modulated in retinal endothelial cells during EAU development. Protein expression of 5 of those genes (serpina3n, lcn2, ackr1, lrg1 and lamc3) was validated at the level of inner BRB cells. CONCLUSION Those data not only confirm the involvement of known pathogenic molecules but further provide a list of new candidate genes and pathways possibly implicated in inner BRB breakdown during non-infectious posterior uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A. Lipski
- Ophthalmology Group, IRIBHM (Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Erasme Campus, Building C, Room C6.117, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Ophthalmology Department of Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Foucart
- Ophthalmology Group, IRIBHM (Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Erasme Campus, Building C, Room C6.117, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Ophthalmology Department of CHU Saint-Pierre, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Ophthalmology Department of CHU Brugmann, 4 Place Van Gehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rémi Dewispelaere
- Ophthalmology Group, IRIBHM (Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Erasme Campus, Building C, Room C6.117, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Ophthalmology Department of CHU Saint-Pierre, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure E. Caspers
- Ophthalmology Department of CHU Saint-Pierre, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Defrance
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles - Vrije Universiteit Brussel, La Plaine Campus, BC building, 6th floor, CP 263, Triomflaan, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catherine Bruyns
- Ophthalmology Group, IRIBHM (Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Erasme Campus, Building C, Room C6.117, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - François Willermain
- Ophthalmology Group, IRIBHM (Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Erasme Campus, Building C, Room C6.117, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Ophthalmology Department of CHU Saint-Pierre, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Ophthalmology Department of CHU Brugmann, 4 Place Van Gehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Liang H, Zhang Y, Xu Y. microRNA-499-3p inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of retinal cells in diabetic retinopathy through activation of the TLR4 signaling pathway by targeting IFNA2. Gene 2020; 741:144539. [PMID: 32160960 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the physiological and pathophysiological processes of diabetes and its microvascular and macrovascular complications. Hence, the aim of the study was to investigate whether miR-499-3p played an important role in diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy was developed in rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (STZ), followed by collection of retinal tissues and preparation of retinal cells. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect expression of interferon alpha 2 (IFNA2). RT-qPCR was used to determine the expression of miR-499-3p. Bioinformatics website and dual luciferase reporter gene assay were used to validate the targeting relationship between miR-499-3p and IFNA2. Gain- and loss-of-function assays were performed to explore the functional roles of aberrantly expressed miR-499-3p and IFNA2 in retinal cell proliferation by MTT, and apoptosis by flow cytometry. In retinal tissues and cells of diabetic rats, IFNA2 expression was reduced, and miR-499-3p expression increased to activate the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway. IFNA2 was a target gene of miR-499-3p and negatively regulated by miR-499-3p. Further, downregulated miR-499-3p promoted retinal cell proliferation while suppressing apoptosis to alleviate diabetic retinopathy. All in all, miR-499-3p promoted retinopathy by enhancing activation of the TLR4 signaling pathway, which provides a new therapeutic target for diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Liu
- Department of Endocrinology (2(nd) Ward), Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology (2(nd) Ward), Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, PR China
| | - Hongwei Liang
- Department of Healthcare, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, PR China
| | - Yusong Zhang
- Department of Image, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, PR China
| | - Yanchao Xu
- Department of Endocrinology (2(nd) Ward), Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, PR China.
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Wang(a) J, Wang S, Wang(b) J, Xiao M, Guo Y, Tang Y, Zhang J, Gu J. Epigenetic Regulation Associated With Sirtuin 1 in Complications of Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:598012. [PMID: 33537003 PMCID: PMC7848207 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.598012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been one of the largest health concerns of the 21st century due to the serious complications associated with the disease. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the pathogenesis of DM and develop novel strategies to reduce the burden of diabetic complications. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase, has been reported to not only deacetylate histones to modulate chromatin function but also deacetylate numerous transcription factors to regulate the expression of target genes, both positively and negatively. SIRT1 also plays a crucial role in regulating histone and DNA methylation through the recruitment of other nuclear enzymes to the chromatin. Furthermore, SIRT1 has been verified as a direct target of many microRNAs (miRNAs). Recently, numerous studies have explored the key roles of SIRT1 and other related epigenetic mechanisms in diabetic complications. Thus, this review aims to present a summary of the rapidly growing field of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, as well as the epigenetic influence of SIRT1 on the development and progression of diabetic complications, including cardiomyopathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang(a)
- School of Nursing, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shudong Wang
- Department of Cardiology at the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Wang(b)
- School of Nursing, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengjie Xiao
- School of Nursing, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanfang Guo
- School of Nursing, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yufeng Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology at the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Department of Cardiology at the People’s Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Junlian Gu
- School of Nursing, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Junlian Gu,
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Elemeery MN, Mohamed MA, Madkour MA, Shamseya MM, Issa NM, Badr AN, Ghareeb DA, Pan CH. MicroRNA signature in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma associated with type 2 diabetes. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:6322-6341. [PMID: 31754293 PMCID: PMC6861851 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i42.6322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-related cirrhosis is one of the liver complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and reported to be a risk factor for developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A reliable screening biomarker of liver cirrhosis (LC) and HCC among T2DM patients is important to reduce the morbidity and mortality of this disease. MicroRNA (miRNA) is considered a key player in HCC and T2DM, and it might be a hidden culprit in diabetes-associated HCC, making it a promising reliable prognostic tool.
AIM To investigate the signature of serum miRNAs as early biomarkers for the screening of HCC among diabetic patients.
METHODS Expression profiles of miRNAs in serum samples of diabetic LC and diabetic HCC patients were assessed using Illumina sequencing; then, RT-qPCR was used to validate significantly altered miRNAs between the two groups. Candidate miRNAs were tested in serum samples of 200 T2DM patients, 270 LC patients, 200 HCC patients, and 225 healthy control subjects. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, with area under the curve (AUC), was performed to assess the diagnostic performance of the screened miRNAs for discriminating HCC from LC and nonmalignant patients (LC + T2DM).
RESULTS Expression of the sequenced miRNAs in serum was different in HCC vs LC-positive T2DM patients. Two miRNAs (miR-34a, miR-221) were significantly up-regulated and five miRNAs (miR-16, miR-23-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-198, miR-199a-3p) were significantly down-regulated in HCC compared to LC patients. Analysis of ROC curve demonstrated that the combination of these seven miRNAs can be used as a reliable biomarker for detection of HCC in diabetic patients, as it could identify HCC with high diagnostic accuracy in diabetic LC patients (AUC = 0.993) and in diabetic nonmalignant patients (AUC = 0.961).
CONCLUSION This study validates a panel of serum miRNAs that can be used as a reliable noninvasive screening biomarker of HCC among T2DM cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients. The study recommends further research to shed light on a possible role of c-Met in T2DM-associated HCC via the miRNA regulatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa Nouh Elemeery
- Département de Neurosciences, CRCHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H2X 3E4, Canada
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, South Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Marwa Anwar Mohamed
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
| | - Marwa Ahmed Madkour
- Experimental and Clinical Internal Medicine Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Mohammed Shamseya
- Experimental and Clinical Internal Medicine Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
| | - Noha Mahmoud Issa
- Human Genetics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Noah Badr
- Food Toxicology and Contaminates Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Doaa Ahmed Ghareeb
- Bioscreening and preclinical trial lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 12522, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical and fermentation industries development center, the city of scientific research and technological applications, Alexandria 26411, Egypt
| | - Cheol-Ho Pan
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, South Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
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Ji H, Yi Q, Chen L, Wong L, Liu Y, Xu G, Zhao J, Huang T, Li B, Yang Y, Li W, Han L, Duan S. Circulating miR-3197 and miR-2116-5p as novel biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 501:147-153. [PMID: 31678272 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss among older adults. The goal of this case-control study was to identify circulating miRNAs for the diagnosis of DR. The miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Kit was used to extract serum miRNAs. The μParaflo™ MicroRNA microarray was used to detect the expression levels of the miRNAs. The miRWalk algorithm was applied to predict the target genes of the miRNAs, which were further confirmed by the dual luciferase reporter gene system in HEK293T cells. A microarray was performed between 5 DR cases and 5 age-, sex-, body mass index-, and duration of diabetes-matched type 2 diabetic (T2DM) controls. The quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction technique was used to validate the differentially expressed circulating miRNAs in 45 DR cases and 45 well-matched controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the performance of the circulating miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for DR. Our microarray analysis screened out miR-2116-5p and miR-3197 as significantly up-regulated in DR cases compared with the controls. Furthermore, two miRNAs were validated in the 45 DR cases and 45 controls. The ROC analysis suggested that both miR-3197 and miR-2116-5p distinguished DR cases from controls. An additional dual-luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that notch homolog 2 (NOTCH2) was the target gene of miR-2116-5p. Both miR-3197 and miR-2116-5p were identified as promising diagnostic biomarkers for DR. Future research is still needed to explore the molecular mechanisms of miR-3197 and miR-2116-5p in the pathogenesis of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Ji
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; Departmant of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Quanyong Yi
- Ningbo Eye Hospital, Minan Road 855, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lishuang Chen
- Ningbo Eye Hospital, Minan Road 855, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liping Wong
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yanfen Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guodong Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianyi Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenxia Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liyuan Han
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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Shao J, Zhang Y, Fan G, Xin Y, Yao Y. Transcriptome analysis identified a novel 3-LncRNA regulatory network of transthyretin attenuating glucose induced hRECs dysfunction in diabetic retinopathy. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:134. [PMID: 31615521 PMCID: PMC6794807 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0596-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in the working age population. Transthyretin (TTR) showed a significantly decreased concentration in DR patients and exerted a visual protective effect by repressing neovascularization. This work intended to identify long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and explore their potential mechanism underlying the protective role of TTR. Methods Transcriptome of human retinal endothelial cells (hRECs) treated with low glucose (LG), high glucose (HG) or high glucose with 4 μM TTR (HG + TTR) was conducted. Differentially expressed lncRNAs, mRNAs and TTR related lncRNAs and mRNA were acquired. Functional annotation and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were applied to analyse TTR affected pathways and processes. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was implemented to obtain hub modules and genes. LncRNA-mRNA regulatory networks were constructed based on cis, trans and competing endogenous RNAs acting mode. QRT-PCR was conducted to validate the expression of lncRNAs in aqueous humor and serum samples from 30 DR patients and 10 normal controls. Results RNA-sequencing of hRECs treated with low glucose (LG), high glucose (HG) or high glucose with 4 μM TTR (HG + TTR) was conducted. 146,783 protein-coding transcripts, 12,403 known lncRNA transcripts and 1184 novel non-coding transcripts were characterized. A total of 11,407 differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs), 679 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) in HG group versus LG group, 6206 DE-mRNAs and 194 DE-lncRNAs in HG + TTR versus HG group were obtained, respectively. 853 TTR-mRNAs and 48 TTR-lncRNAs were acquired, and functionally involved in cell cycle, apoptosis, inflammation signalling pathway, response to oxidative stress, neovascularization and autophagy. The WGCNA analysis identified a hub module of 133 genes, with the core function of oxidative stress response, angiogenesis, MAPK pathway, cell proliferation and apoptosis. After qRT-PCR validation, a 3-lncRNA regulatory network was proposed. At last, lncRNAs MSTRG.15047.3 and AC008403.3 showed significantly relative higher expression levels in both aqueous humor and serum samples, compared with normal controls, and FRMD6-AS2 was significantly down-regulated. Conclusions TTR regulated mRNAs and biological processes including oxidative stress, inflammation signalling and autophagy. A 3-lncRNA regulatory network was characterized underlying TTR repressing neovascularization, and showed potential diagnostic performance in DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunbin Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Guangming Fan
- Key Laboratory of Industry Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Xin
- Key Laboratory of Industry Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yong Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China.
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Kumari N, Karmakar A, Ganesan SK. Targeting epigenetic modifications as a potential therapeutic option for diabetic retinopathy. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:1933-1947. [PMID: 31531859 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of visual impairment in adults of working age (20-65 years) in developed countries. The metabolic memory phenomena (persistent effect of a glycemic insult even after retrieved) associated with it has increased the risk of developing the complication even after the termination of the glycemic insult. Hence, the need for finding early diagnosis and treatment options has been of great concern. Epigenetic modifications which generally occur during the beginning stages of the disease are responsible for the metabolic memory effect. Therefore, the therapy based on the reversal of the associated epigenetic mechanism can bring new insight in the area of early diagnosis and treatment mechanism. This review discusses the diabetic retinopathy, its pathogenesis, current treatment options, need of finding novel treatment options, and different epigenetic alterations associated with DR. However, the main focus is emphasized on various epigenetic modifications particularly DNA methylation which are responsible for the initiation and progression of diabetic retinopathy and the use of different epigenetic inhibitors as a novel therapeutic option for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Kumari
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Structural Biology & Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Aditi Karmakar
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Structural Biology & Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Senthil Kumar Ganesan
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Structural Biology & Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Qian C, Liang S, Wan G, Dong Y, Lu T, Yan P. Salidroside alleviates high-glucose-induced injury in retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 by down-regulation of miR-138. RNA Biol 2019; 16:1461-1470. [PMID: 31251107 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2019.1637696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes leading cause of blindness in adults. Salidroside (SAL) is a main ingredient from Rhodiola rosea L., has been reported to have a beneficial protection on vascular function. However, whether SAL is a suitable treatment for DR remains unreported. The study aimed to investigate the effect of SAL on high-glucose (HG)-induced injury in ARPE-19 cells. ARPE-19 cells were managed with diverse concentrations of glucose, and constructed a model of HG-induced ARPE-19 cells injury. Then, SAL was employed to stimulate ARPE-19 cells, and cell viability, apoptosis, apoptosis-associated factors, the pro-inflammatory cytokines, and ROS levels were determined. The correlation between miR-138 and SIRT1 was predicated by bioinformatics software of TargetScan (http://www.targetscan.org/) and Dual luciferase reporter assay. MiR-138 mimic, inhibitor and NCs were transfected into ARPE-19 cells, and the impacts of miR-138 on HG-induced cell injury were investigated. PI3K/AKT and AMPK signalling pathways were examined to explore the underlying mechanism. The results disclosed that HG inhibited cell viability, promoted apoptosis, up-regulated IL-6 and TNF-α, as well as increased ROS level in ARPE-19 cells. But, SAL obviously alleviated HG-induced ARPE-19 cells injury. Repressed miR-138 was triggered by SAL, and SIRT1 was predicated as a direct target of miR-138. Overexpressed miR-138 declined the protective effect of SAL on HG-injured ARPE-19 cells. Besides, SAL activated PI3K/AKT and AMPK pathways by adjusting miR-138. In conclusions, SAL flattened HG-induced injury in ARPE-19 cells by repression of miR-138 and activating PI3K/AKT and AMPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Shenzhi Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Guangming Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Taiying Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Panshi Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
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Coco C, Sgarra L, Potenza MA, Nacci C, Pasculli B, Barbano R, Parrella P, Montagnani M. Can Epigenetics of Endothelial Dysfunction Represent the Key to Precision Medicine in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122949. [PMID: 31212911 PMCID: PMC6628049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In both developing and industrialized Countries, the growing prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and the severity of its related complications make T2DM one of the most challenging metabolic diseases worldwide. The close relationship between genetic and environmental factors suggests that eating habits and unhealthy lifestyles may significantly affect metabolic pathways, resulting in dynamic modifications of chromatin-associated proteins and homeostatic transcriptional responses involved in the progression of T2DM. Epigenetic mechanisms may be implicated in the complex processes linking environmental factors to genetic predisposition to metabolic disturbances, leading to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Endothelial dysfunction represents an earlier marker and an important player in the development of this disease. Dysregulation of the endothelial ability to produce and release vasoactive mediators is recognized as the initial feature of impaired vascular activity under obesity and other insulin resistance conditions and undoubtedly concurs to the accelerated progression of atherosclerotic lesions and overall cardiovascular risk in T2DM patients. This review aims to summarize the most current knowledge regarding the involvement of epigenetic changes associated with endothelial dysfunction in T2DM, in order to identify potential targets that might contribute to pursuing “precision medicine” in the context of diabetic illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Coco
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Luca Sgarra
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Maria Assunta Potenza
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Carmela Nacci
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Barbara Pasculli
- Laboratory of Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (Foggia), Italy.
| | - Raffaela Barbano
- Laboratory of Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (Foggia), Italy.
| | - Paola Parrella
- Laboratory of Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (Foggia), Italy.
| | - Monica Montagnani
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
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Costantino S, Ambrosini S, Paneni F. The epigenetic landscape in the cardiovascular complications of diabetes. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:505-511. [PMID: 30291588 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0956-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that epigenetic modifications-changes to the genome that do not involve changes in DNA sequence-may significantly derail transcriptional programs implicated in angiogenesis, oxidative stress and inflammation, thus fostering cardiovascular damage in patients with diabetes. Notably, adverse epigenetic signals acquired over the life course can be transmitted to the offspring, and may contribute to early cardiovascular phenotypes in the young generations. Hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance-key hallmarks of diabetes-induce an array of epigenetic modifications (i.e., DNA methylation, histone marks, and non-coding RNAs) which are responsible for a long-lasting impairment of vascular and cardiac function, even after intensive glycemic control. Hence, unveiling the "epigenetic landscape" in patients with diabetes may provide a post-genomic snapshot of global cardiovascular risk, and may furnish the tools to design personalized, epigenetic-based therapies to alleviate the burden of cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients. The present review aims to acquaint the scientific community with the rapidly advancing field of epigenetics and its implications in the cardiovascular complications of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Costantino
- Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, 8952, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Ambrosini
- University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - F Paneni
- Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, 8952, Zurich, Switzerland.
- University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Hardeland R. Aging, Melatonin, and the Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Networks. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051223. [PMID: 30862067 PMCID: PMC6429360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and various age-related diseases are associated with reductions in melatonin secretion, proinflammatory changes in the immune system, a deteriorating circadian system, and reductions in sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) activity. In non-tumor cells, several effects of melatonin are abolished by inhibiting SIRT1, indicating mediation by SIRT1. Melatonin is, in addition to its circadian and antioxidant roles, an immune stimulatory agent. However, it can act as either a pro- or anti-inflammatory regulator in a context-dependent way. Melatonin can stimulate the release of proinflammatory cytokines and other mediators, but also, under different conditions, it can suppress inflammation-promoting processes such as NO release, activation of cyclooxygenase-2, inflammasome NLRP3, gasdermin D, toll-like receptor-4 and mTOR signaling, and cytokine release by SASP (senescence-associated secretory phenotype), and amyloid-β toxicity. It also activates processes in an anti-inflammatory network, in which SIRT1 activation, upregulation of Nrf2 and downregulation of NF-κB, and release of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 are involved. A perhaps crucial action may be the promotion of macrophage or microglia polarization in favor of the anti-inflammatory phenotype M2. In addition, many factors of the pro- and anti-inflammatory networks are subject to regulation by microRNAs that either target mRNAs of the respective factors or upregulate them by targeting mRNAs of their inhibitor proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger Hardeland
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
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50
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Perturbed Biochemical Pathways and Associated Oxidative Stress Lead to Vascular Dysfunctions in Diabetic Retinopathy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8458472. [PMID: 30962865 PMCID: PMC6431380 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8458472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a vascular insult that accompanies the hyperglycemic state. Retinal vasculature holds a pivotal role in maintaining the integrity of the retina, and any alteration to retinal vasculature affects retinal functions. The blood retinal barrier, a prerequisite to vision acuity, is most susceptible to damage during the progression of DR. This is a consequence of impaired biochemical pathways such as the polyol, advanced end glycation products (AGE), hexosamine, protein kinase C (PKC), and tissue renin-angiotensin system (RAS) pathways. Moreover, the role of histone modification and altered miRNA expression is also emerging as a major contributor. Epigenetic changes create a link between altered protein function and redox status of retinal cells, creating a state of metabolic memory. Although various biochemical pathways underlie the etiology of DR, the major insult to the retina is due to oxidative stress, a unifying factor of altered biochemical pathways. This review primarily focuses on the critical biochemical pathways altered in DR leading to vascular dysfunctions and discusses antioxidants as plausible treatment strategies.
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