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Millett G, Franco G, Fiocco AJ. A mixed methods feasibility study of a virtual group-based social support program for older adults in residential care. Aging Ment Health 2024; 28:1169-1178. [PMID: 38709573 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2345776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In response to calls for inventive ways to mitigate risks of physical distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic for older adults living in residential care, the JAVA Music Club-Digital (JMC-D) was developed. The current feasibility study investigated benefits, usability, and implementation of weekly JMC-D sessions over 6 months. METHOD Employing a pre-post mixed methods study, depressive symptoms, loneliness, social isolation, and quality of life were measured at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Qualitative interviews were conducted at 3 months. RESULTS Twenty-one residents were recruited. Across the three time points there was a large effect for depressive symptoms, social isolation, and quality of life, though not statistically significant. There was a significant immediate increase in happiness following engagement in the JMC-D sessions. Thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews generated two overarching themes: Experiencing the JMC-D (subthemes: Benefits, Navigating the virtual platform, Feedback) and Considerations for Implementation (subthemes: Perceived purpose, Characteristics that impact the experience, and Infrastructure and resources). CONCLUSION Findings are encouraging and suggest that the JMC-D may support emotional and other psychosocial indices of wellness in residential care during times of physical distancing. Appropriate staffing, resources, and internet accessibility are important for implementation and uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneva Millett
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Giselle Franco
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandra J Fiocco
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Morgenstern C, Laydon DJ, Whittaker C, Mishra S, Haw D, Bhatt S, Ferguson NM. The interaction of disease transmission, mortality, and economic output over the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301785. [PMID: 38870106 PMCID: PMC11175517 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has caused over 7.02 million deaths as of January 2024 and profoundly affected most countries' Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Here, we study the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, mortality, and economic output between January 2020 and December 2022 across 25 European countries. METHODS We use a Bayesian mixed effects model with auto-regressive terms to estimate the temporal relationships between disease transmission, excess deaths, changes in economic output, transit mobility and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) across countries. RESULTS Disease transmission intensity (logRt) decreases GDP and increases excess deaths, where the latter association is longer-lasting. Changes in GDP as well as prior week transmission intensity are both negatively associated with each other (-0.241, 95% CrI: -0.295 - -0.189). We find evidence of risk-averse behaviour, as changes in transit and prior week transmission intensity are negatively associated (-0.055, 95% CrI: -0.074 to -0.036). Our results highlight a complex cost-benefit trade-off from individual NPIs. For example, banning international travel is associated with both increases in GDP (0.014, 0.002-0.025) and decreases in excess deaths (-0.014, 95% CrI: -0.028 - -0.001). Country-specific random effects, such as the poverty rate, are positively associated with excess deaths while the UN government effectiveness index is negatively associated with excess deaths. INTERPRETATION The interplay between transmission intensity, excess deaths, population mobility and economic output is highly complex, and none of these factors can be considered in isolation. Our results reinforce the intuitive idea that significant economic activity arises from diverse person-to-person interactions. Our analysis quantifies and highlights that the impact of disease on a given country is complex and multifaceted. Long-term economic impairments are not fully captured by our model, as well as long-term disease effects (Long COVID).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Morgenstern
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis & WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Modelling, Jameel Institute, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel J. Laydon
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis & WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Modelling, Jameel Institute, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charles Whittaker
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis & WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Modelling, Jameel Institute, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Swapnil Mishra
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis & WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Modelling, Jameel Institute, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Haw
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis & WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Modelling, Jameel Institute, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samir Bhatt
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis & WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Modelling, Jameel Institute, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Neil M. Ferguson
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis & WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Modelling, Jameel Institute, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Hynes KC, Russell BS, Tambling RR, Park CL, Fendrich M. Subjective Stress Appraisals Over Time: the Evolving Structure of the COVID-19 Stressor Scale. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2024:10.1007/s11121-024-01694-7. [PMID: 38862829 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-024-01694-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 Stressors Scale measures individuals' appraisals of stressors related to the pandemic. Measurement of perceptions of stressors is necessary to understand the socioemotional impacts of not only the COVID-19 pandemic, but other disasters. The study examined the factor structure of the scale among adults in the U.S. over six time points. A shortened version was used, and the fit was examined over time. The results of the study show contextual appraisals change over time and offer important implications for the measurement of stressfulness of disasters, a critical step in designing and assessing impacts of social programs aimed to reduce the deleterious effects of disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin C Hynes
- Counseling, Rehabilitation, and Human Services, University of Wisconsin-Stout, 221 10th Avenue E, Menomonie, WI, 54751, USA.
| | - Beth S Russell
- Department of Human Development & Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, 348 Mansfield Rd. U-1058, Storrs, CT, 06269-1058, USA
| | - Rachel R Tambling
- Department of Human Development & Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, 348 Mansfield Rd. U-1058, Storrs, CT, 06269-1058, USA
| | - Crystal L Park
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd, U-1020, Storrs, CT, 06269-1020, USA
| | - Michael Fendrich
- School of Social Work, University of Connecticut, 38 Prospect Street, Hartford, CT, 06103, USA
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Abasilim C, Friedman LS, Karch L, Holloway-Beth A. Trends in non-fatal and fatal opioid overdoses during the first two years of the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic. Ann Epidemiol 2024; 90:35-41. [PMID: 38501569 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study assessed opioid-involved overdose rates by age, sex, and race-ethnicity across strict pandemic mitigation phases and how this varied across data systems. METHODS We examined opioid-involved overdoses using medical examiner and hospital data for Cook County, Illinois between 2016-2021. Multivariable segmented regression was used to assess weekly overdose rates across subgroups of age, sex and race/ethnicity and strict pandemic mitigation phases. RESULTS The overall rate of weekly opioid-involved overdoses increased when assessing the medical examiner (β = 0.01; 95% CI = 0.01,0.02; P ≤ .001) and emergency department visits data sources (β = 0.15; 95% CI = 0.09,0.20; P ≤ .001) but not for the hospital admissions data source. We found differences in overdose rates across subgroups and phases of pandemic mandates. Fatal overdoses increased during lockdown-1 while admissions and emergency department (ED) visits for opioid-involved overdoses generally decreased across all phases of pandemic mitigation mandates except for the period following lockdown-1. Across pandemic mitigation phases, Hispanics and individuals under 25 years did not demonstrate any change in admissions and ED visits for overdoses. CONCLUSIONS We underscore the importance of utilizing multiple sources of surveillance to better characterize opioid-involved overdoses and for public health planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibuzor Abasilim
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Lee S Friedman
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Lydia Karch
- Epidemiology Unit, Cook County Department of Public Health, Bridgeview, IL
| | - Alfreda Holloway-Beth
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL; Epidemiology Unit, Cook County Department of Public Health, Bridgeview, IL
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5
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Gutiérrez-Hernández ME, Fanjul Rodríguez LF, Díaz Megolla A, Oyanadel C, Peñate Castro W. The Effect of Daily Meditative Practices Based on Mindfulness and Self-Compassion on Emotional Distress under Stressful Conditions: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:762-775. [PMID: 37185911 PMCID: PMC10137463 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervention programs based on self-compassion have demonstrated their efficacy both in reducing psychological distress and increasing well-being. The goal of this study was to test the efficacy of an online intervention to increase mindfulness and self-compassion levels in a non-clinical sample in a highly stressful context: the ten weeks of lockdown imposed in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. The intervention sessions consisted of thirty-minute guided meditations followed by thirty minutes of inquiry. Sixty-one participants completed two thirds of the sessions or more, and 65 individuals participated in a waiting-list (WL) control group. Self-compassion, anxiety, depression and stress levels were assessed. The analysis of pre-post results suggests that the interventions increased self-compassion levels and decreased anxiety, depression and stress levels, whereas the WL group did not show any significant changes. The emotional changes in the intervention group were associated with the increase in self-compassion. However, at follow-up, the scores of emotional distress variables returned to the initial pre-intervention scores. These data can be interpreted in line with previous results that have shown the efficacy of self-compassion-based intervention programs. Given that this efficacy was not maintained at follow-up, data are discussed according to the pervasive role of a highly stressful context and-as described in other studies-the need for regular practice to maintain the benefits obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alicia Díaz Megolla
- Department of Education, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35001 Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Cristián Oyanadel
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Wenceslao Peñate Castro
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, University of La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- University Institute of Neuroscience, University of La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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Wagner KM, Chatham AA, Prado K, Walsdorf AA, Villatoro AP, Garcia D, de Snyder NS, Valdez CR. Emotional wellbeing and coping among Latinx young adults in the time of COVID-19. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 51:1217-1232. [PMID: 36573877 PMCID: PMC9880755 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the wellbeing of the general US population, but even more so among Latinx young adults. The current study provides a detailed picture of the emotional wellbeing and coping of Latinx young adults during the first summer of the pandemic. Six virtual focus groups (n = 21) were conducted between May and August of 2020 with a community-based sample of Latinx young adults to explore (1) how the pandemic affected wellbeing and (2) how they coped with pandemic-related stress. Contextualistic thematic analysis identified important themes and subthemes. Perceived stressors impacting emotional wellbeing yielded one overarching theme: COVID-related disruptions in the participants' environment. To manage this heightened stress, another overarching theme was self-care and intentionality during the pandemic. Future studies should examine the wellbeing of young adults across social contexts and at more recent stages of the pandemic. Findings from this study suggest culturally- and developmentally-tailored interventions are needed as this population navigates contextual stress during a sensitive period in their life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Wagner
- Department of Educational PsychologyThe University of TexasAustinTexasUSA
- Department of Population Health, Dell Medical SchoolThe University of TexasAustinTexasUSA
| | - Ana A. Chatham
- Department of Population Health, Dell Medical SchoolThe University of TexasAustinTexasUSA
- Steve Hicks School of Social WorkThe University of TexasAustinTexasUSA
| | - Kimberly Prado
- Steve Hicks School of Social WorkThe University of TexasAustinTexasUSA
| | - Ashley A. Walsdorf
- Couple and Family TherapyAlliant International UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
- The Latino Research InstituteThe University of TexasAustinTexasUSA
| | | | | | - Nelly Salgado de Snyder
- The Latino Research InstituteThe University of TexasAustinTexasUSA
- Instituto Nacional de Salud PúblicaCuernavacaMexico
| | - Carmen R. Valdez
- Department of Population Health, Dell Medical SchoolThe University of TexasAustinTexasUSA
- Steve Hicks School of Social WorkThe University of TexasAustinTexasUSA
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Buodo G, Moretta T, Santucci VG, Chen S, Potenza MN. Using Social Media for Social Motives Moderates the Relationship between Post-Traumatic Symptoms during a COVID-19-Related Lockdown and Improvement of Distress after Lockdown. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13010053. [PMID: 36661625 PMCID: PMC9855109 DOI: 10.3390/bs13010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research reported inconsistent results on the relationship between social media (SM) use and psychological well-being, suggesting the importance of assessing possible moderators, e.g., motives for SM use. However, no longitudinal study has yet investigated whether, among people who use SM, specific motives for using SM may represent protective/risk factors for the development of psychological distress, especially after a stressful event. Our longitudinal study aimed at assessing the moderating role of motives for using SM (i.e., coping, conformity, enhancement, social motives) in the relationship between COVID-19 pandemic-related post-traumatic stress symptoms during the lockdown and changes in general distress after lockdown. At Time 1 (during the first lockdown in Italy), 660 participants responded to an online survey, reporting their post-traumatic symptoms, motives for using SM, and general distress (i.e., anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms). At Time 2 (three months later, following lockdown), 117 participants volunteered to continue with the follow-up survey assessing general distress symptoms again. Results showed that among those who had experienced more severe post-traumatic symptoms at Time 1, using SM for social motives was associated with more improvement of general distress symptoms. No evidence was found of moderating effects of other motives for SM use. The findings suggest that social connections may have helped to cope with stress during forced confinement, and that SM use may be beneficial for mental health when motivated by maintaining social interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Buodo
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-049-8277476
| | - Tania Moretta
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Vieri Giuliano Santucci
- Institute of Cognitive Science and Technologies (ISTC), National Research Council (CNR), 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Shubao Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT 06109, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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8
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Murayama H, Suda T, Nakamoto I, Shinozaki T, Tabuchi T. Changes in social isolation and loneliness prevalence during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: The JACSIS 2020-2021 study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1094340. [PMID: 36875370 PMCID: PMC9978762 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1094340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has changed people's social connections with others and society. This study aimed to describe changes in the prevalence of social isolation and loneliness by demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, health conditions, and outbreak situations in residential prefectures among Japanese people between the first year (2020) and the second year (2021) of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We used data from the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey (JACSIS) study, a large-scale web-based nationwide survey conducted with 53,657 participants aged 15-79 years in August-September 2020 and September-October 2021 (25,482 and 28,175 participants, respectively). Social isolation was defined as less than once a week in the total frequency of contact with family members or relatives who were living apart and friends/neighbors. Loneliness was assessed using the three-item University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale (score range, 3-12). We used generalized estimating equations to estimate the prevalence of social isolation and loneliness in each year and the difference in prevalence between 2020 and 2021. Results The weighted proportion (95% confidence interval) of social isolation in the total sample was 27.4% (25.9, 28.9) in 2020 and 22.7% (21.9, 23.5) in 2021, representing a change of -4.7 percentage points (-6.3, -3.1). The weighted mean scores of the UCLA Loneliness Scale were 5.03 (4.86, 5.20) in 2020 and 5.86 (5.81, 5.91) in 2021, representing a change of 0.83 points (0.66, 1.00). The detailed trend changes for social isolation and loneliness were noted in the demographic subgroups of socioeconomic status, health conditions, and outbreak situation in the residential prefecture. Conclusion Social isolation decreased from the first to the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas loneliness increased. Assessing the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on social isolation and loneliness contributes to understanding who was particularly vulnerable during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Suda
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Global Health Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isuzu Nakamoto
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Gerontological and Home Healthcare Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | | | - Takahiro Tabuchi
- Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
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Ejiri M, Kawai H, Imamura K, Kera T, Ihara K, Fujiwara Y, Hirano H, Kim H, Obuchi S. The trajectory of psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with health-promoting coping behavior among Japanese community-dwelling older adults: The Otassha Study. Exp Gerontol 2023; 171:112029. [PMID: 36402415 PMCID: PMC9670586 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.112029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to identify the trajectory of psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling older adults and to clarify the association between coping behavior in the early stage of the pandemic and the trajectory of psychological well-being. The study was based on a cohort study, known as "the Otassha Study." We administered three follow-up surveys to 720 older adults who participated in the survey in October 2019 (T0): T1: June 2020, T2: October 2020, and T3: October 2021. Furthermore, we assessed coping behavior in T1 via a self-developed questionnaire comprising 10 items. Psychological well-being was assessed by the WHO-5 Well-Being Index (score range: 0 to 25) in all surveys. The trajectories of psychological well-being were identified by group-based trajectory modeling. The association between coping behaviors and trajectory patterns was assessed using multinomial logistic regression analysis. Furthermore, among the 508 participants who participated in the follow-up survey two times or more, three patterns of the trajectory of psychological well-being were identified: heavily decreased group (n = 39), decreased group (n = 352), and increased group (n = 39). "Walking" as a coping behavior had a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) to be in the increased group (OR = 2.32, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.06-5.05, p = 0.035) compared to the heavily decreased group. "Conversations with family living together" had a slightly higher OR to become an increased group (OR = 1.96, 95 % CI: 0.87-4.41, p = 0.106), and "actively gathering information on COVID-19" had a slightly lower OR to become the decreased group (OR = 0.53, 95 % CI: 0.26-1.06, p = 0.072) compared to the heavily decreased group. The results of this study suggest how maintaining health in the early stage of the pandemic had a great influence on the long-term health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Ejiri
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan,Corresponding author
| | - Hisashi Kawai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Keigo Imamura
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kera
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan,Department of Physical Therapy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 37-1 Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma 370-0033, Japan
| | - Kazushige Ihara
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki city, Aomori 036-8560, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hunkyung Kim
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Shuichi Obuchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW People with persistent depressive disorders and with bipolar disorder are more likely to feel lonely than people in the general population. This evidence update focused on studies in the last 2 years, characterized by the COVID-19 pandemic and consequent social distancing directives. RECENT FINDINGS Longitudinal studies identified that people who feel lonely are more likely to become depressed or to experience relapse of mood disorders. There is emerging evidence that feelings of loneliness or mandatory social isolation can precede manic episodes. Hence the relationship between loneliness and mood disorders is complex and bidirectional. Interventions were developed to reduce loneliness in people with mental health problems, including depressive disorders, through cognitive modification and/or supported socialisation. No loneliness-focused interventions have been specifically tailored to people with bipolar disorder. SUMMARY Studies carried out before and during the COVID-19 pandemic found that feelings of loneliness can be both consequences and precursors of persistent depression and bipolar disorder. Mood symptoms and loneliness have a cumulative negative effect on physical and mental health outcomes. Conceptual overlaps and relations between loneliness and mood symptoms should be clarified in qualitative studies. Theory-driven intervention models should be developed and tested in methodologically robust studies.
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Schrepf A. When even the ground was burning: Neuroinflammation in the wake of COVID-19. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 105:27-28. [PMID: 35714917 PMCID: PMC9195410 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Chen F, Yan W, Calhoun VD, Yu L, Chen L, Hao X, Zheng L. A fast online questionnaire for screening mental illness symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:311. [PMID: 35927227 PMCID: PMC9352665 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02086-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused massive effects on the situation of public mental health. A fast online questionnaire for screening and evaluating mental symptoms is urgent. In this work, we developed a new 19-item self-assessment Fast Screen Questionnaire for Mental Illness Symptoms (FSQ-MIS) to quickly identify mental illness symptoms. The FSQ-MIS was validated on a total of 3828 young adult mental disorder patients and 984 healthy controls. We applied principal component analysis (PCA), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and general log-linear analysis (GLA) to evaluate the construct and parallel validity. Results demonstrate that the proposed FSQ-MIS shows high test-retest reliability (0.852) and split-half reliability (0.844). Six factors obtained using PCA explained 54.3% of the variance and showed high correlations with other widely used scales. The ROC results (0.716-0.983) revealed high criterion validity of FSQ-MIS. GLA demonstrated the advantage of FSQ-MIS in predicting anxiety and depression prevalence in COVID-19, supporting the efficiency of FSQ-MIS as a tool for research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weizheng Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Linzhen Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi Hao
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leilei Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Wu Q, Feng J, Pan CW. Risk factors for depression in the elderly: An umbrella review of published meta-analyses and systematic reviews. J Affect Disord 2022; 307:37-45. [PMID: 35351490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression has been identified as one of the leading causes of the disease burden worldwide. Identification of the potential factors that increased or decreased the risk of depression could be important to provide prevention strategies. We aimed to conduct an umbrella review of risk factors for depression in the elderly and assessed the credibility of evidence of the association between each factor and depression. METHODS We searched PubMed and Web of Science from 1990 to April 11, 2021 for articles investigating associations between potential factors and depression. For each association, we recalculated the summary effect size and 95% confidence intervals using random effects models. The 95% prediction interval and between-heterogeneity were also reported. For publication bias, small-study effect and excess of significance bias were assessed. RESULTS Twenty-five publications met the inclusion criteria, including twenty-two meta-analyses and three qualitative systematic reviews. Approximately 1,199,927 participants and 82 unique factors were reported. Two factors were rated as convincing evidence and four factors showed highly suggestive evidence. These risk factors were aspirin use, individuals aged 80 years and above, sleep disturbances and persistent sleep disturbances, hearing problem, poor vision, and cardiac disease. LIMITATIONS Most studies that we included were of low quality. CONCLUSIONS We found several risk factors for depression with different levels of evidence, in which aspirin use and individuals aged 80 years and above presented the strongest evidence. Further research is warranted to support other findings from this umbrella review using a large, well-designed cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Kunshan Mental Health Center, Suzhou, China.
| | - Chen-Wei Pan
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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