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Wang M, Seibel MJ. Secondary fracture prevention in primary care: a narrative review. Osteoporos Int 2024; 35:1359-1376. [PMID: 38652313 PMCID: PMC11281980 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-024-07036-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The global burden of osteoporosis continues to rise with an ageing population. Untreated osteoporotic fractures not only heighten the risk of subsequent fractures but are associated with excess mortality. Although primary care guidelines consistently stress the importance of secondary fracture prevention, fewer than 20% of patients are appropriately treated for osteoporosis following an initial osteoporotic fracture. This worldwide phenomenon is known as the osteoporosis care gap. This literature review examines the barriers to secondary fracture prevention in primary care and evaluates the effectiveness of targeted primary care interventions. Common themes emerged from the majority of qualitative studies, including a need for improved communication between the hospital team and primary care, better defined responsibilities and osteoporosis-directed education for the primary care physicians. Quantitative studies demonstrated that most targeted, intensive interventions aimed at educating patients and their primary care physician about osteoporosis treatment significantly increased rates of investigation and treatment. Greater uptake of models of secondary fracture prevention in primary care is urgently needed to address the osteoporosis care gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mawson Wang
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, The University of Sydney at Concord Campus, Hospital Rd, Gate 3, Concord, NSW, Australia.
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Concord Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Concord, NSW, Australia.
| | - Markus J Seibel
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, The University of Sydney at Concord Campus, Hospital Rd, Gate 3, Concord, NSW, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Concord Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Concord, NSW, Australia
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2
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Chandran M, Aftab N, Amin A, Amphansap T, Bhadada SK, Chadha M, Chan DC, Hew FL, Kaur S, Khan AH, Kwee AK, Ho-Pham LT, Lekamwasam S, Minh DC, Prasanth A, Sharma R, Valleenukul T, Zehra N, Mithal A. Evaluating compliance with the care standard of proactively assessing bone health in patients with diabetes: a pilot audit of practice across Asia by the Asia Pacific Consortium on Osteoporosis (APCO). Arch Osteoporos 2024; 19:48. [PMID: 38862849 PMCID: PMC11166814 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-024-01399-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
This pilot audit explored how bone health is assessed patients with diabetes in diverse centres across Asia. Only 343 of 1092 (31%) audited patients had a bone health assessment, 27% of whom were diagnosed with osteoporosis. Quality improvement strategies are needed to address gaps in patient care in this area. PURPOSE The Asia Pacific Consortium on Osteoporosis (APCO) Framework outlines clinical standards for assessing and managing osteoporosis. A pilot audit evaluated adherence to clinical standard 4, which states that bone health should be assessed in patients with conditions associated with bone loss and/or increased fracture risk; this report summarises the audit findings in patients with diabetes. A secondary aim was to assess the practicality and real-world use of the APCO bone health audit tool kit. METHODS Eight centres across Asia participated in the pilot audit, selecting diabetes as the target group. Participants reviewed their practice records for at least 20 consecutively treated patients with the target condition. Questions covered routine investigations, bone health assessment, osteoporosis diagnosis, and patient referral pathways. Data were summarised descriptively. RESULTS The participants represented public hospitals, university medical centres, and private clinics from India, Malaysia, Pakistan, Singapore, Taiwan, and Vietnam that see an estimated total of 95,000 patients with diabetes per year. Overall, only 343 of 1092 audited patients (31%) had a bone health assessment. Osteoporosis was subsequently diagnosed in 92 of 343 (27%) patients. CONCLUSION Bone health was not assessed in most patients with diabetes. The results provide insight into current practices across diverse Asian centres and demonstrate the practical value of the audit tool kit. Participant feedback has been used to improve the tool kit. Results of this pilot audit are being used in the respective centres to inform quality improvement projects needed to overcome the gap in patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chandran
- Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - N Aftab
- Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Amin
- Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - T Amphansap
- Osteoporosis and Geriatric Excellence Center, Department of Orthopaedics, Police General Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S K Bhadada
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - M Chadha
- Department of Endocrinology, P. D. Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - D C Chan
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - F L Hew
- Subang Jaya Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S Kaur
- Asia Pacific Consortium On Osteoporosis HK Ltd., Kwai Chung, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - A H Khan
- Section of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A K Kwee
- Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L T Ho-Pham
- BioMedical Research Center, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Clinical Genetics Research Group, Saigon Precision Medicine Research Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - S Lekamwasam
- Department of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka
| | - D C Minh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - A Prasanth
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Max Healthcare, New Delhi, India
| | - R Sharma
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Max Healthcare, New Delhi, India
| | - T Valleenukul
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - N Zehra
- Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Mithal
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Max Healthcare, New Delhi, India
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Tahmasbi F, Sadoughi F, Sheikhtaheri A, Zabihiyeganeh M, Ameri F. Developing fracture liaison service framework based on comparative analysis and scoping review. Osteoporos Int 2024:10.1007/s00198-024-07091-8. [PMID: 38831198 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-024-07091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
This research conducts a comparative analysis and scoping review of 105 studies in the field of Fracture Liaison Service (FLS). The resulting two-dimensional framework represents a significant step toward FLS implementation. PURPOSE The primary goal is to review interventions in real world settings in order to provide the FLS framework that specifies the essential elements of its implementation and offers different perspectives on that. METHOD This study encompasses two phases: a comparative analysis of existing FLS models, including "Capture the Fracture," "5IQ," and "Ganda," and a scoping review from 2012 to 2022 in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, and IEEE databases limited to publications in English. RESULTS The resulting model of comparative analysis identifies patient identification, investigation, intervention and integration or continuity of care as the four main stages of FLS. Additionally, the elements of quality and information span across all stages. Following comparative analysis, the framework is designed to be used for content analysis of the included studies in the scoping review. The intersection of columns (Who, Where, When, What, How, Quality) with rows (Identification, Investigation, Intervention, and continuity of care) yields a set of questions, answered in tabular form based on the scoping review. CONCLUSION The framework offers potential benefits in facilitating the adoption of effective approaches for FLS implementation. It is recommended to undertake an in-depth review of each of these components in order to uncover novel and innovative approaches for improving their implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foziye Tahmasbi
- Department of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Sadoughi
- Department of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abbas Sheikhtaheri
- Department of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Zabihiyeganeh
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Ameri
- School of Manufacturing Systems and Networks, Arizona State University, Arizona, AZ, USA
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Codrea CI, Lincu D, Atkinson I, Culita DC, Croitoru AM, Dolete G, Trusca R, Vasile BS, Stan MS, Ficai D, Ficai A. Comparison between Two Different Synthesis Methods of Strontium-Doped Hydroxyapatite Designed for Osteoporotic Bone Restoration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1472. [PMID: 38611986 PMCID: PMC11012538 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Development of efficient controlled local release of drugs that prevent systemic side effects is a challenge for anti-osteoporotic treatments. Research for new bone-regeneration materials is of high importance. Strontium (Sr) is known as an anti-resorptive and anabolic agent useful in treating osteoporosis. In this study, we compared two different types of synthesis used for obtaining nano hydroxyapatite (HA) and Sr-containing nano hydroxyapatite (SrHA) for bone tissue engineering. Synthesis of HA and SrHA was performed using co-precipitation and hydrothermal methods. Regardless of the synthesis route for the SrHA, the intended content of Sr was 1, 5, 10, 20, and 30 molar %. The chemical, morphological, and biocompatibility properties of HA and SrHA were investigated. Based on our results, it was shown that HA and SrHA exhibited low cytotoxicity and demonstrated toxic behavior only at higher Sr concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosmin Iulian Codrea
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (A.-M.C.); (G.D.); (R.T.); (B.S.V.); (D.F.)
- Department of Oxide Compounds and Materials Science, Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu” of the Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.A.)
| | - Daniel Lincu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (A.-M.C.); (G.D.); (R.T.); (B.S.V.); (D.F.)
- Department of Oxide Compounds and Materials Science, Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu” of the Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.A.)
| | - Irina Atkinson
- Department of Oxide Compounds and Materials Science, Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu” of the Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.A.)
| | - Daniela C. Culita
- Department of Oxide Compounds and Materials Science, Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu” of the Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.A.)
| | - Alexa-Maria Croitoru
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (A.-M.C.); (G.D.); (R.T.); (B.S.V.); (D.F.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- National Centre for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgiana Dolete
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (A.-M.C.); (G.D.); (R.T.); (B.S.V.); (D.F.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- National Centre for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Trusca
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (A.-M.C.); (G.D.); (R.T.); (B.S.V.); (D.F.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- National Centre for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Stefan Vasile
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (A.-M.C.); (G.D.); (R.T.); (B.S.V.); (D.F.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- National Centre for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Miruna Silvia Stan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Denisa Ficai
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (A.-M.C.); (G.D.); (R.T.); (B.S.V.); (D.F.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- National Centre for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anton Ficai
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (A.-M.C.); (G.D.); (R.T.); (B.S.V.); (D.F.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- National Centre for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov St. 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
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Li J, Zhou X, Wen J, Liu S, Fan X. Establishment and validation of a nomogram clinical prediction model for osteoporosis in senile patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5343. [PMID: 38438532 PMCID: PMC10912110 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56127-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a predictive nomogram model to estimate the odds of osteoporosis (OP) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and validate its prediction efficiency. The hospitalized elderly patients with T2DM from the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical University between July 2022 and March 2023 were included in this study. We sorted them into the model group and the validation group with a ratio of 7:3 randomly. The selection operator regression (LASSO) algorithm was utilized to select the optimal matching factors, which were then included in a multifactorial forward stepwise logistic regression to determine independent influencing factors and develop a nomogram. The discrimination, accuracy, and clinical efficacy of the nomogram model were analyzed utilizing the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and clinical decision curve analysis (DCA). A total of 379 study participants were included in this study. Gender (OR = 8.801, 95% CI 4.695-16.499), Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) < 98 (OR = 4.698, 95% CI 2.416-9.135), serum calcium (Ca) (OR = 0.023, 95% CI 0.003-0.154), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (OR = 1.181, 95% CI 1.055-1.322), duration of diabetes (OR = 1.076, 95% CI 1.034-1.119), and serum creatinine (SCr) (OR = 0.984, 95% CI 0.975-0.993) were identified as independent influencing factors for DOP occurrence in the elderly. The area under the curve (AUC) of the nomogram model was 0.844 (95% CI 0.797-0.89) in the modeling group and 0.878 (95% CI 0.814-0.942) in the validation group. The nomogram clinical prediction model was well generalized and had moderate predictive value (AUC > 0.7), better calibration, and better clinical benefit. The nomogram model established in this study has good discrimination and accuracy, allowing for intuitive and individualized analysis of the risk of DOP occurrence in elderly individuals. It can identify high-risk populations and facilitate the development of effective preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhou
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Shiping Liu
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China.
| | - Xingfu Fan
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
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Kobayashi K, Sato K, Ando T, Ando K, Imura S. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Adherence to Denosumab Therapy: A Single Center Study. Asian Spine J 2023; 17:842-850. [PMID: 37408487 PMCID: PMC10622821 DOI: 10.31616/asj.2022.0417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A retrospective comparative study of denosumab therapy adherence before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on denosumab therapy adherence in Japan. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Denosumab is a monoclonal antibody for osteoporosis treatment. Delayed denosumab injections are associated with reduced treatment responses, which was a concern during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Participants included 376 patients who received denosumab (60 mg every 6 months) from January 2013 to June 2021. The time from therapy initiation to discontinuation was used to measure persistence, and that between initial and subsequent injections was used to determine adherence. The pandemic period was from March 2020 to December 2021. RESULTS Patients were divided into those treated after March 2020 (pandemic group, n=244) and those who discontinued treatment before March 2020 (non-pandemic group, n=132). Non-persistent cases accounted for 154, including 24 (20%), 64 (19%), and 66 (53%) aged ≤59 years, 60-79 years, and ≥80 years, respectively. The overall persistence rate at 78 months was 59.2%. Postponed cases were significantly lower in the non-pandemic group than in the pandemic group (8% vs. 15%, p =0.042). Postponement with a delay of 1-2 months did not significantly differ between the two groups, but with a significant difference for a delay of ≥3 months (0% vs. 36%, p =0.024). CONCLUSIONS Denosumab adherence remained constant but postponed cases significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Better communication by health providers on denosumab adherence and alternative administration may reduce dosing interruptions in similar pandemic situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Japan Red Cross Aichi Medical Center, Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya,
Japan
| | - Koji Sato
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Japan Red Cross Aichi Medical Center, Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya,
Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ando
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Japan Red Cross Aichi Medical Center, Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya,
Japan
| | - Kei Ando
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Japan Red Cross Aichi Medical Center, Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya,
Japan
| | - Saori Imura
- Department of Nursing, Japan Red Cross Aichi Medical Center, Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya,
Japan
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Mondo I, Hannou S, D'Amelio P. Using sequential pharmacotherapy for the treatment of osteoporosis: an update of the literature. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2023; 24:2175-2186. [PMID: 38100542 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2023.2296543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoporosis, which is characterized by compromised bone density and heightened susceptibility to fractures, is a substantial public health concern, especially among the aging population. Underdiagnosis, undertreatment, and therapy non-adherence contribute to its impact. Anabolic and dual-action agents like teriparatide, abaloparatide, and romosozumab have emerged as effective treatments, allowing rapid gains in bone mineral density (BMD) and reducing fracture risk. However, administering treatments in the correct order is paramount, with an 'anabolic first' approach gaining traction for patients at high risk of fractures. This strategy involves starting anabolic therapies, followed by antiresorptive agents as maintenance therapy. It is important to note that the effectiveness of anabolic agents differs between treatment-naive and previously treated patients: tailored treatment approaches are therefore necessary. This comprehensive strategy adheres to clinical guidelines, emphasizing individualized care, early intervention, and patient-centered management to mitigate the burden of osteoporosis and enhance patients' quality of life. AREA COVERED The aim of this review is to summarize recent evidence on the sequential treatment of osteoporosis and to provide recommendations on the best treatment strategies. EXPERT OPINION Effective treatments, such as anabolic agents, are key in high-risk patients, who require an 'anabolic first' approach. Sequential therapy, specifically tailored to a patient's history, can help to optimize prevention and management of fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Mondo
- Department of Geriatrics and Geriatric Rehabilitation, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Hannou
- Department of Geriatrics and Geriatric Rehabilitation, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrizia D'Amelio
- Department of Geriatrics and Geriatric Rehabilitation, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Ebeling PR. Hip Fractures and Aging: A Global Problem Requiring Coordinated Global Solutions. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:1062-1063. [PMID: 37475191 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Ebeling
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Ong TIW, Lim LL, Chan SP, Chee WSS, Ch’ng ASH, Chong EGM, Damodaran P, Hew FL, Ibrahim LB, Khor HM, Lai PSM, Lee JK, Lim AL, Lim BP, Paramasivam SS, Ratnasingam J, Siow YS, Tan ATB, Thiagarajan N, Yeap SS. A summary of the Malaysian Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis, 2022. Osteoporos Sarcopenia 2023; 9:60-69. [PMID: 37496985 PMCID: PMC10366466 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of these Clinical Practice Guidelines is to provide evidence-based recommendations to assist healthcare providers in the screening, diagnosis and management of patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis (OP). Methods A list of key clinical questions on the assessment, diagnosis and treatment of OP was formulated. A literature search using the PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Databases of Systematic Reviews, and OVID electronic databases identified all relevant articles on OP based on the key clinical questions, from 2014 onwards, to update from the 2015 edition. The articles were graded using the SIGN50 format. For each statement, studies with the highest level of evidence were used to frame the recommendation. Results This article summarizes the diagnostic and treatment pathways for postmenopausal OP. Risk stratification of patients with OP encompasses clinical risk factors, bone mineral density measurements and FRAX risk estimates. Non-pharmacological measures including adequate calcium and vitamin D, regular exercise and falls prevention are recommended. Pharmacological measures depend on patients' fracture risk status. Very high-risk individuals are recommended for treatment with an anabolic agent, if available, followed by an anti-resorptive agent. Alternatively, parenteral anti-resorptive agents can be used. High-risk individuals should be treated with anti-resorptive agents. In low-risk individuals, menopausal hormone replacement or selective estrogen receptor modulators can be used, if indicated. Patients should be assessed regularly to monitor treatment response and treatment adjusted, as appropriate. Conclusions The pathways for the management of postmenopausal OP in Malaysia have been updated. Incorporation of fracture risk stratification can guide appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence Ing Wei Ong
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lee Ling Lim
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siew Pheng Chan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Subang Jaya Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | | | - Fen Lee Hew
- Subang Jaya Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Hui Min Khor
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pauline Siew Mei Lai
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Ai Lee Lim
- Hospital Pulau Pinang, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Boon Ping Lim
- Subang Jaya Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Jeyakantha Ratnasingam
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yew Siong Siow
- Subang Jaya Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Swan Sim Yeap
- Subang Jaya Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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Nadeem S, Pervez A, Abid MA, Khalid RN, Rizvi NA, Aamdani SS, Ayub B, Mustafa MA, Ahmed S, Riaz M, Irfan K, Noordin S, Jafri L, Majid H, Umer M, Zehra N, Sheikh A, Haider AH, Khan AH. GRADE-ADOLOPMENT of clinical practice guideline for postmenopausal osteoporosis management-a Pakistani context. Arch Osteoporos 2023; 18:71. [PMID: 37204537 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-023-01258-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Due to its high prevalence, we aimed to create postmenopausal osteoporosis clinical practice guideline via GRADE-ADOLOPMENT for Pakistan. We recommend a higher dose (2000-4000 IU) of vitamin D for osteoporotic patients who are old, have malabsorption, or are obese. The guideline will help standardize care provision and improve health care outcomes for osteoporosis. PURPOSE Postmenopausal osteoporosis affects one in every five postmenopausal women in Pakistan. An evidence-based clinical practice guideline (CPG) is needed to standardize care provision to optimize health outcomes. Hence, we aimed to develop CPG for the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis in Pakistan. METHODS The GRADE-ADOLOPMENT process was used to adopt (as is or with minor changes), exclude (omit), or adapt (modify based on local context) recommendations to the source guideline (SG)-clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis-2020 update from American Association of Clinical Endocrinology (AACE). RESULTS The SG was "adoloped" to cater to the local context. The SG consisted of 51 recommendations. Forty-five recommendations were adopted as is. Due to unavailability of drugs, 4 recommendations were adopted with minor changes, and one was excluded, while one recommendation was adopted with the inclusion of use of a surrogate FRAX tool specific for Pakistan. One recommendation regarding vitamin D dosage was adapted to recommend a dose of 2000-4000 IU of vitamin D in patients with obesity, malabsorption, and old age. CONCLUSION The developed Pakistani postmenopausal osteoporosis guideline consists of 50 recommendations. The guideline created recommends a higher dose (2000-4000 IU) of vitamin D for patients who are old, have malabsorption, or are obese, which is an adaptation from the SG by the AACE. This higher dose is justified as lower doses prove to be suboptimal in these groups and should be complemented with baseline vitamin D and calcium levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Nadeem
- Center for Clinical Best Practices, Clinical and Translational Research Incubator, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Alina Pervez
- Center for Clinical Best Practices, Clinical and Translational Research Incubator, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas Abid
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, PO Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | | | - Nashia Ali Rizvi
- Center for Clinical Best Practices, Clinical and Translational Research Incubator, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Bushra Ayub
- Learning Research Centre, Patel Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Ali Mustafa
- Center for Clinical Best Practices, Clinical and Translational Research Incubator, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sibtain Ahmed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, PO Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Mehmood Riaz
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Khadija Irfan
- Department of Medicine, Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Lena Jafri
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, PO Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Hafsa Majid
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, PO Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Masood Umer
- Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nawazish Zehra
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, PO Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Aisha Sheikh
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Adil H Haider
- Medical College, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aysha Habib Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, PO Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
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11
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Dent E, Daly RM, Hoogendijk EO, Scott D. Exercise to Prevent and Manage Frailty and Fragility Fractures. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2023; 21:205-215. [PMID: 36976491 PMCID: PMC10105671 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00777-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review identifies exercise-based recommendations to prevent and manage frailty and fragility fractures from current clinical practice guidelines. We also critically assess recently published literature in relation to exercise interventions to mitigate frailty and fragility fractures. RECENT FINDINGS Most guidelines presented similar recommendations that included the prescription of individually tailored, multicomponent exercise programs, discouragement of prolonged sitting and inactivity, and combining exercise with optimal nutrition. To target frailty, guidelines recommend supervised progressive resistance training (PRT). For osteoporosis and fragility fractures, exercise should include weight-bearing impact activities and PRT to target bone mineral density (BMD) at the hip and spine, and also incorporate balance and mobility training, posture exercises, and functional exercise relevant to activities of daily living to reduce falls risk. Walking as a singular intervention has limited benefits for frailty and fragility fracture prevention and management. Current evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for frailty, osteoporosis, and fracture prevention recommend a multifaceted and targeted approach to optimise muscle mass, strength, power, and functional mobility as well as BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Dent
- Research Centre for Public Health, Equity & Human Flourishing, Torrens University Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Emiel O Hoogendijk
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam UMC - Location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Department of General Practice, Amsterdam UMC - Location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Ageing and Later Life Research Program, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - David Scott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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12
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Seah YEC, Ho SF, Ang ASH, Bacud JP, Rosario BH. Nurse-Initiated Fall and Osteoporosis Screening for Older Adults in the Emergency Department. Cureus 2023; 15:e36001. [PMID: 37041925 PMCID: PMC10083134 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many older adults presenting to the emergency department (ED) after a fall are discharged without adequate assessment of their fall risk. A nurse-initiated protocol was introduced for the early screening of older adults with injurious falls. We aimed to promote osteoporosis education and right-site them to appropriate outpatient resources in the community. Methodology In this study, we included ≥65-year-old adults who attended the ED with injurious falls or near falls between December 2019 and December 2020. An ED nurse trained in basic geriatric care performed the cognitive assessment and provided advice on diet, footwear, fall safety, calcium/vitamin D supplementation, and osteoporosis screening. Results A total of 70 (75.7% female) patients aged 65-93 years were included. In total, 34 (48.6%) were started on calcium/vitamin D supplements and 22 (31.4%) went on to receive outpatient bone mineral density scans. Only three patients reattended the ED for recurrent falls/fractures in the six-month follow-up period. Conclusions A nurse-initiated fall and osteoporosis screening protocol is a feasible model of care for targeted screening and education of older adults who present to the ED with injurious falls.
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13
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Lin M, Wen X, Huang Z, Huang W, Zhang H, Huang X, Yang C, Wang F, Gao J, Zhang M, Yu X. A nomogram for predicting residual low back pain after percutaneous kyphoplasty in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Osteoporos Int 2023; 34:749-762. [PMID: 36738335 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06681-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED To establish a risk prediction model for residual low back pain after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. We used retrospective data for model construction and evaluated the model using internal validation and temporal external validation and finally concluded that the model had good predictive performance. INTRODUCTION The cause of residual low back pain in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) after PKP remains highly controversial, and our goal was to investigate the most likely cause and to develop a novel nomogram for the prediction of residual low back pain and to evaluate the predictive performance of the model. METHODS The clinical data of 281 patients with OVCFs who underwent PKP at our hospital from July 2019 to July 2020 were reviewed. The optimal logistic regression model was determined by lasso regression for multivariate analysis, thus constructing a nomogram. Bootstrap was used to perfomance the internal validation; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to assess the predictive performance and clinical utility of the model, respectively. Temporal external validation of the model was also performed using retrospective data from 126 patients who underwent PKP at our hospital from January 2021 to October 2021. RESULTS Lasso regression cross-validation showed that the variables with non-zero coefficients were the number of surgical vertebrae, preoperative bone mineral density (pre-BMD), smoking history, thoracolumbar fascia injury (TLFI), intraoperative facet joint injury (FJI), and postoperative incomplete cementing of the fracture line (ICFL). The above factors were included in the multivariate analysis and showed that the pre-BMD, smoking history, TLFI, FJI, and ICFL were independent risk factors for residual low back pain (P < 0.05). The ROC and calibration curve of the original model and temporal external validation indicated a good predictive power of the model. The DCA curve suggested that the model has good clinical practicability. CONCLUSION The risk prediction model has good predictive performance and clinical practicability, which can provide a certain basis for clinical decision-making in patients with OVCFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoman Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No.6, Jiefang Street, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116001, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, No.699, West Jinyuan Road, Xingbin Street, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361022, China
| | - Xuemei Wen
- Xinhua Clinical College, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, China
| | - Zongwei Huang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Emergency, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, 523000, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No.6, Jiefang Street, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116001, China
| | - Xingxing Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No.6, Jiefang Street, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116001, China
| | - Cunheng Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No.6, Jiefang Street, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116001, China
| | - Fuming Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No.6, Jiefang Street, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116001, China
| | - Junxiao Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No.6, Jiefang Street, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116001, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No.6, Jiefang Street, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116001, China
| | - Xiaobing Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No.6, Jiefang Street, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116001, China.
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14
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Chandran M, Brind'Amour K, Fujiwara S, Ha YC, Tang H, Hwang JS, Tinker J, Eisman JA. Prevalence of osteoporosis and incidence of related fractures in developed economies in the Asia Pacific region: a systematic review. Osteoporos Int 2023; 34:1037-1053. [PMID: 36735053 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-022-06657-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Robust data on osteoporosis in the Asia Pacific region could improve healthcare decision-making. Osteoporosis affects 10-30% of women aged 40 + , and up to 10% of men in 7 developed economies in Asia Pacific. Fractures affect 500-1000 adults aged 50 + per 100,000 person-years. Policymakers and clinicians must address this problem. PURPOSE Osteoporosis and associated fractures result in considerable morbidity, loss of productivity, early mortality, and increased healthcare expenses. Many countries in the Asia Pacific (AP) region, especially middle- and higher-income economies, are faced with aging and increasingly sedentary populations. It is critical to consolidate and analyze the available information on the prevalence and incidence of the disease in these countries. METHODS We systematically reviewed articles and gray literature for Australia, China, Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan. We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, JSTOR, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and other databases for data published 2009-2018. We included articles with prevalence or incidence estimates for adults with osteoporosis or related fractures. RESULTS All locations had data available, but of widely varying quantity and quality. Most estimates for osteoporosis prevalence ranged from 10 to 30% for women ages 40 and older, and up to 10% for men. Osteoporotic fracture incidence typically ranged between 500 and 1000 per 100,000 person-years among adults aged 50 and older. Both outcomes typically increased with age and were more common among women. CONCLUSION Osteoporosis and associated fractures affect significant portions of the adult population in developed economies in the AP region. Governments and healthcare systems must consider how best to prevent and diagnose osteoporosis, and manage affected individuals, to reduce healthcare costs and mortality associated with fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Chandran
- Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Academia, 20 College Road, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.
| | | | - Saeko Fujiwara
- Department of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yong-Chan Ha
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul Bumin Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hai Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Republic of China
| | - Jawl-Shan Hwang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - John A Eisman
- UNSW Sydney and School of Medicine Sydney, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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15
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Chan DC, Hwang JS, Wu CH. Current status, achievements and challenges of osteoporosis care in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 2023; 122 Suppl 1:S1-S3. [PMID: 37802561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Cheng Chan
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jawl-Shan Hwang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Wu
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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16
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Watanabe D, Kimura T, Yanagida K, Yoshida T, Kawae N, Nakamura T, Kajihara H, Mizushima A. Feasibility of assessing male osteoporosis using MRI IDEAL-IQ sequence of proximal femur in prostate cancer patients. Aging Male 2022; 25:228-233. [PMID: 35997228 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2022.2112663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is often accompanied by bone loss with fat accumulation of the red marrow. A novel technique for quantification of iron and fat content by MRI IDEAL-IQ can visualize hematopoietic areas and fatty deposits in bone marrow; however, the relationship between these indices and total hip bone mineral density (BMD) remains unclear. In this study, the proximal femur of 104 men who underwent pelvic MRI and bone densitometry prior to treatment for non-metastatic prostate cancer was retrospectively examined to investigate the R2* value to quantify iron and proton density fat fraction (PDFF) to assess bone marrow fat content. R2* was significantly positively correlated with BMD (r = 0.6017, p < 0.0001), and PDFF was not correlated with BMD (r = -0.1302, p = 0.0512). Patients with BMD T-score ≤ -2.5 had significantly lower R2* than patients with BMD T-score > -2.5; however, there was no significant difference in PDFF. In the ROC analysis, which examined the predictive ability of R2* with BMD T-score ≤ -2.5 as an outcome, the cut-off value of R2* was 50.7 s-1 (AUC 0.817). These results show R2* correlated with BMD. R2* may be a non-invasive surrogate marker for diagnosing male osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Watanabe
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Urology, Koto Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kimura
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Hajime Kajihara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Koto Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akio Mizushima
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Chandran M. The why and how of sequential and combination therapy in osteoporosis. A review of the current evidence. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2022; 66:724-738. [PMID: 36382762 PMCID: PMC10118820 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It is now well recognized that over the lifetime of a patient with osteoporosis, more than one medication will be needed to treat the disease and to decrease fracture risk. Though current gaps in osteoporosis therapy can be potentially mitigated with sequential and combination regimens, how to move seamlessly amongst the multiple treatments currently available for osteoporosis for sustained efficacy is still unclear. Data from recent studies show that an anabolic agent such as teriparatide or romosozumab followed by an antiresorptive affords maximal gain in BMD and possibly better and earlier fracture risk reduction compared to a regimen which follows the opposite sequence. Sequentially moving to a bisphosphonate such as alendronate from an anabolic agent such as abaloparatide has also been shown to preserve the fracture reduction benefits seen with the latter. This sequence of an anabolic agent followed by an antiresorptive should especially be considered in the high-risk patient with imminent fracture risk to rapidly reduce the risk of subsequent fractures. The data surrounding optimum timing of initiation of bisphosphonate therapy following denosumab discontinuation is still unclear. Though data suggests that combining a bisphosphonate with teriparatide does not provide substantial BMD gains compared to monotherapy, the concomitant administration of denosumab with teriparatide has been shown to significantly increase areal BMD as well as to increase volumetric BMD and estimated bone strength. This narrative review explores the available evidence regarding the various sequential and combination therapy approaches and the potential role they could play in better managing osteoporosis.
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18
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Mitchell PJ, Chan DCD, Lee JK, Tabu I, Alpuerto BB. The global burden of fragility fractures - what are the differences, and where are the gaps. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2022; 36:101777. [PMID: 36089481 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2022.101777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The current burden of fragility fractures is enormous, and it is set to increase rapidly in the coming decades as humankind enters a new demographic era. The purpose of this review is to consider, in different settings: • The human and economic toll of fragility fractures. • Risk factors for fragility fractures. • Current acute management of fragility fractures. • Current care gaps in both secondary and primary fracture prevention. A summary of global, regional, and national initiatives to improve the quality of care is provided, in addition to proposals for the research agenda. Systematic approaches to improve the acute care, rehabilitation and prevention of fragility fractures need to be developed and implemented rapidly and at scale in high-, middle- and low-income countries throughout the world. This must be an essential component of our response to the ageing of the global population during the remainder of the current United Nations - World Health Organization "Decade of Healthy Ageing".
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul James Mitchell
- School of Medicine, Sydney Campus, University of Notre Dame Australia, Australia; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Synthesis Medical NZ Limited, Pukekohe, New Zealand.
| | - Ding-Cheng Derrick Chan
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1, Changde St, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Joon-Kiong Lee
- Beacon Hospital, 1, Jalan 215, Section 51, Off Jalan Templer, 46050, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Irewin Tabu
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of the Philippines - Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines; Institute on Aging-National Institutes of Health, UP Manila, Philippines.
| | - Bernardino B Alpuerto
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of the Philippines - Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines.
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19
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Mitchell PJ, Ang SB, Mercado-Asis LB, Rey-Matias R, Chen WS, Flicker L, Leung E, Choon D, Chandrasekaran SK, Close JCT, Seymour H, Cooper C, Halbout P, Blank RD, Zhao Y, Lim JY, Tabu I, Tian M, Unnanuntana A, Wong RMY, Yamamoto N, Chan DC, Lee JK. Quality improvement initiatives in the care and prevention of fragility fractures in the Asia Pacific region. Arch Osteoporos 2022; 17:115. [PMID: 35987919 PMCID: PMC9392505 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-022-01153-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This narrative review summarises ongoing challenges and progress in the care and prevention of fragility fractures across the Asia Pacific region since mid-2019. The approaches taken could inform development of national bone health improvement Road Maps to be implemented at scale during the United Nations 'Decade of Healthy Ageing'. PURPOSE This narrative review summarises recent studies that characterise the burden of fragility fractures, current care gaps and quality improvement initiatives intended to improve the care and prevention of fragility fractures across the Asia Pacific region. METHODS The review focuses on published studies, reports and quality improvement initiatives undertaken during the period July 2019 to May 2022. RESULTS Epidemiological studies conducted in countries and regions throughout Asia Pacific highlight the current and projected increasing burden of fragility fractures. Recent studies and reports document a persistent and pervasive post-fracture care gap among people who have sustained fragility fractures. Global initiatives developed by the Fragility Fracture Network and International Osteoporosis Foundation have gained significant momentum in the Asia Pacific region, despite the disruption caused by the COVID-pandemic. The Asia Pacific Fragility Fracture Alliance has developed educational resources including a Hip Fracture Registry Toolbox and a Primary Care Physician Education Toolkit. The Asia Pacific Osteoporosis and Fragility Fractures Society-a new section of the Asia Pacific Orthopaedic Association-is working to engage orthopaedic surgeons across the region in the care and prevention of fragility fractures. The Asia Pacific Consortium on Osteoporosis developed a framework to support national clinical guidelines development groups. Considerable activity at the national level is evident in many countries across the region. CONCLUSION Development and implementation of national Road Maps informed by the findings of this review are urgently required to respond to the epidemiological emergency posed by fragility fractures during the United Nations 'Decade of Healthy Ageing'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul James Mitchell
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, Australia
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Synthesis Medical NZ Limited, Pukekohe, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Seng Bin Ang
- Asian Federation of Osteoporosis Societies, c/o KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, Singapore
- Menopause Unit and Family Medicine Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Leilani Basa Mercado-Asis
- Asian Federation of Osteoporosis Societies, c/o KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Public Health, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - Reynaldo Rey-Matias
- Asia-Oceanian Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, St Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
- College of Medicine, Philippine Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine, Manila, Philippines
| | - Wen-Shiang Chen
- Asia-Oceanian Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (University Hospital), National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Leon Flicker
- Asia Pacific Geriatric Network, Virtual Network, Perth, Australia
- Internal Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Edward Leung
- Asia Pacific Geriatric Network, Virtual Network, Perth, Australia
- Geriatric Medicine Centre, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - David Choon
- Asia Pacific Orthopaedic Association, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala LumpurKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sankara Kumar Chandrasekaran
- Asia Pacific Orthopaedic Association, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala LumpurKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jacqueline Clare Therese Close
- Fragility Fracture Network, c/o MCI Schweiz AG, Zurich, Switzerland
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hannah Seymour
- Fragility Fracture Network, c/o MCI Schweiz AG, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Geriatrics and Aged Care, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- International Osteoporosis Foundation, Nyons, Switzerland
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Robert Daniel Blank
- International Society for Clinical Densitometry, Middletown, CT, USA
- Osteoporosis and Translational Research Laboratory, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Yanling Zhao
- International Society for Clinical Densitometry, Middletown, CT, USA
- Beijing United Family Hospital (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology), Beijing, China
| | - Jae-Young Lim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Irewin Tabu
- Department of Orthopedics, University of the Philippines - Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines
- Institute On Aging, National Institutes of Health, UP Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Maoyi Tian
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Aasis Unnanuntana
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ronald Man Yeung Wong
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Noriaki Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Rehabilitation Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ding-Cheng Chan
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1, Changde St, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Joon Kiong Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beacon Hospital, 1, Jalan 215, Section 51, Off Jalan Templer, 46050, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Gill CE, Mitchell PJ, Clark J, Cornish J, Fergusson P, Gilchrist N, Hayman L, Hornblow S, Kim D, Mackenzie D, Milsom S, von Tunzelmann A, Binns E, Fergusson K, Fleming S, Hurring S, Lilley R, Miller C, Navarre P, Pettett A, Sankaran S, Seow MY, Sincock J, Ward N, Wright M, Close JCT, Harris IA, Armstrong E, Hallen J, Hikaka J, Kerse N, Vujnovich A, Ganda K, Seibel MJ, Jackson T, Kennedy P, Malpas K, Dann L, Shuker C, Dunne C, Wood P, Magaziner J, Marsh D, Tabu I, Cooper C, Halbout P, Javaid MK, Åkesson K, Mlotek AS, Brûlé-Champagne E, Harris R. Experience of a systematic approach to care and prevention of fragility fractures in New Zealand. Arch Osteoporos 2022; 17:108. [PMID: 35917039 PMCID: PMC9344235 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-022-01138-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This narrative review describes efforts to improve the care and prevention of fragility fractures in New Zealand from 2012 to 2022. This includes development of clinical standards and registries to benchmark provision of care, and public awareness campaigns to promote a life-course approach to bone health. PURPOSE This review describes the development and implementation of a systematic approach to care and prevention for New Zealanders with fragility fractures, and those at high risk of first fracture. Progression of existing initiatives and introduction of new initiatives are proposed for the period 2022 to 2030. METHODS In 2012, Osteoporosis New Zealand developed and published a strategy with objectives relating to people who sustain hip and other fragility fractures, those at high risk of first fragility fracture or falls and all older people. The strategy also advocated formation of a national fragility fracture alliance to expedite change. RESULTS In 2017, a previously informal national alliance was formalised under the Live Stronger for Longer programme, which includes stakeholder organisations from relevant sectors, including government, healthcare professionals, charities and the health system. Outputs of this alliance include development of Australian and New Zealand clinical guidelines, clinical standards and quality indicators and a bi-national registry that underpins efforts to improve hip fracture care. All 22 hospitals in New Zealand that operate on hip fracture patients currently submit data to the registry. An analogous approach is ongoing to improve secondary fracture prevention for people who sustain fragility fractures at other sites through nationwide access to Fracture Liaison Services. CONCLUSION Widespread participation in national registries is enabling benchmarking against clinical standards as a means to improve the care of hip and other fragility fractures in New Zealand. An ongoing quality improvement programme is focused on eliminating unwarranted variation in delivery of secondary fracture prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Ellen Gill
- Osteoporosis New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Fragility Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Paul James Mitchell
- Osteoporosis New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand.
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Fragility Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand.
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney Campus, 128-140 Broadway, Chippendale, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Fragility Fracture Network, c/o MCI Schweiz AG, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Jan Clark
- Osteoporosis New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jillian Cornish
- Osteoporosis New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Australian and New Zealand Bone and Mineral Society, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Nigel Gilchrist
- Osteoporosis New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- CGM Research Trust, 40 Stewart Street, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Lynne Hayman
- Osteoporosis New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sue Hornblow
- Osteoporosis New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - David Kim
- Osteoporosis New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Fragility Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- Australian and New Zealand Bone and Mineral Society, Sydney, Australia
- Waitemata District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Denise Mackenzie
- Osteoporosis New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Fragility Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Stella Milsom
- Osteoporosis New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- Fertility Associates, Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Elizabeth Binns
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- Physiotherapy New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Kim Fergusson
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Fragility Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- Fracture Liaison Network New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- Fracture Liaison Service, Marlborough District Health Board, Nelson, Nelson, New Zealand
| | - Stewart Fleming
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Fragility Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- OperaIT Data Services, Logan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sarah Hurring
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- Older Persons' Health Specialist Service, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Rebbecca Lilley
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Caroline Miller
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Pierre Navarre
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- Southland Hospital, Invercargill, New Zealand
- University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- New Zealand Orthopaedic Association, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Andrea Pettett
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- New Zealand Orthopaedic Association, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Shankar Sankaran
- Osteoporosis New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Min Yee Seow
- Waitemata District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- Australian and New Zealand Society for Geriatric Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jenny Sincock
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- Canterbury District Heath Board, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Nicola Ward
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Fragility Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- Bay of Plenty District Health Board, Tauranga, New Zealand
| | - Mark Wright
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- New Zealand Orthopaedic Association, Wellington, New Zealand
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jacqueline Clare Therese Close
- Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry Steering Group, Sydney, Australia
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ian Andrew Harris
- Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry Steering Group, Sydney, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Armstrong
- Australian Hip Fracture Registry, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jamie Hallen
- Australian Hip Fracture Registry, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joanna Hikaka
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Fragility Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ngaire Kerse
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Fragility Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrea Vujnovich
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Fragility Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kirtan Ganda
- Australian and New Zealand Fragility Fracture Registry Steering Group, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Concord Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia
- Concord Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Markus Joachim Seibel
- Australian and New Zealand Fragility Fracture Registry Steering Group, Sydney, Australia
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School at Concord Campus, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas Jackson
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- Accident Compensation Corporation, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Paul Kennedy
- Accident Compensation Corporation, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Kirsten Malpas
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Fragility Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- Accident Compensation Corporation, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Leona Dann
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Fragility Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- Health Quality & Safety Commission New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Carl Shuker
- Health Quality & Safety Commission New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Philip Wood
- Waitemata District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- Ministry of Health, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jay Magaziner
- Fragility Fracture Network, c/o MCI Schweiz AG, Zürich, Switzerland
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Marsh
- Fragility Fracture Network, c/o MCI Schweiz AG, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Irewin Tabu
- Fragility Fracture Network, c/o MCI Schweiz AG, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Orthopedics, University of the Philippines - Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines
- Institute on Aging-National Institutes of Health, UP Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- International Osteoporosis Foundation, Nyons, Switzerland
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Muhammad Kassim Javaid
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- International Osteoporosis Foundation, Nyons, Switzerland
| | - Kristina Åkesson
- International Osteoporosis Foundation, Nyons, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Orthopaedics, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | | | - Roger Harris
- Osteoporosis New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Fragility Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
- New Zealand Implementation and Management Committee, Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry, Wellington, New Zealand
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21
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Recent Information on Vitamin D Deficiency in an Adult Korean Population Visiting Local Clinics and Hospitals. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091978. [PMID: 35565944 PMCID: PMC9101007 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We retrospectively reviewed serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) test results from an adult Korean population visiting local clinics and hospitals between July 2017 and December 2021 to gather recent information on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency status was investigated according to criteria offered by various clinical guidelines. During the study period, 180,289 subjects (29,658 men and 150,631 women) were tested for 25(OH)D. The overall prevalence rates of vitamin D deficiency status based on 25(OH)D level were as follows: 0.4% for <5 ng/mL, 12.5% for <10 ng/mL, 20.6% for <12 ng/mL, 49.4% for <20 ng/mL, and <75.3% for <30 ng/mL. Women tested their 25(OH)D level more frequently than men, and the overall prevalence of 25(OH)D < 10 ng/mL was higher among women than men, while that of 25(OH)D <30 ng/mL was lower among women than men. Among age groups, the prevalence of 25(OH)D <30 ng/mL was higher in younger patients (20s−40s, 79.6−85.5%) than older ones (≥50 years, 62.6−69.2%). The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency decreased over time from 2018 to 2021. Future studies are needed to clarify the clinical impact of this change.
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22
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Chandran M, Ebeling PR, Mitchell PJ, Nguyen TV. Harmonization of Osteoporosis Guidelines: Paving the Way for Disrupting the Status Quo in Osteoporosis Management in the Asia Pacific. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:608-615. [PMID: 35279864 PMCID: PMC9324065 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In the Asia Pacific (AP) region, osteoporosis and its consequence of fragility fractures are not widely recognized as a major public health problem. Several challenges including underdiagnosis and undertreatment exist. The Asia Pacific Consortium on Osteoporosis (APCO) is a nonpartisan and apolitical organization comprising musculoskeletal experts and stakeholders from both private and public sectors who have united to develop tangible solutions for these substantive challenges. APCO's vision is to reduce the burden of osteoporosis and fragility fractures in the AP region. Heterogeneity in both scope and recommendations among the available clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) contribute to the large osteoporosis treatment gap in the Asia Pacific. APCO has therefore developed a pan Asia-Oceania harmonized set of standards of care (The Framework), for the screening, diagnosis, and management of osteoporosis. First, a structured analysis of the 18 extant AP CPGs was completed. Subsequently, a prioritization of themes and agreement on fundamental principles in osteoporosis management were made through a Delphi process of consensus building. This approach, ensuring the opinions of all participating members were equally considered, was especially useful for a geographically diverse group such as APCO. It is hoped that the Framework will serve as a platform upon which new AP national CPGs can be developed and existing ones be revised. APCO is currently embarking on country-specific engagement plans to embed the Framework in clinical practice in the AP region. This is through partnering with regulatory bodies and national guidelines development authorities, through peer-to-peer health care professional education and by conducting path finder audits to benchmark current osteoporosis services against the Framework standards. The principles underpinning the harmonization of guidelines in the AP region can also be utilized in other parts of the world that have similar socioeconomic diversity and heterogeneity of healthcare resources. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Chandran
- Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter R Ebeling
- Department of Medicine in the School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul J Mitchell
- Synthesis Medical NZ Limited, Auckland, New Zealand.,School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, WA, Australia.,Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tuan V Nguyen
- Centre for Health Technologies, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Population Health, UNSW Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Chandran M, Hao Y, Kwee AK, Cheen MHH, Chin YA, Ng VYT. Adherence to dosing schedule of denosumab therapy for osteoporosis during COVID-19 lockdown: an electronic medical record and pharmacy claims database study from Asia. Osteoporos Int 2022; 33:251-261. [PMID: 34417842 PMCID: PMC8379568 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-06085-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED COVID-19 lockdowns have impacted management of chronic diseases such as osteoporosis. Adherence to the 6-monthly dosing schedule of denosumab, the parenteral anti-osteoporosis medication most often used in Singapore, was significantly reduced during the lockdown period compared to that during pre-COVID-19 times. Patients managed by endocrinologists were more likely to be adherent. PURPOSE No study thus far has quantified actual adherence rates to anti-osteoporosis therapy with denosumab during COVID-19 or explored factors associated with it. We aimed to estimate the adherence rates to denosumab in Singaporean men and women during COVID-19 lockdown and to compare it with those during the pre-COVID-19 period. METHOD We conducted this retrospective, electronic medical records, and pharmacy claims database study at Singapore General Hospital, the largest hospital in the country. Patients initiated on subcutaneous denosumab between August 2019 and December 2019 and were thus scheduled to receive the second dose during the COVID-19 first-wave period from February 2020 to June 2020 (lockdown group) were analyzed, as were patients initiated anytime on denosumab between September 2011 and December 2018 (pre-COVID-19 group). Data extracted from the hospital's electronic prescription platform and patients' pharmacy purchase records were matched. Adherence was defined as being punctual (with an allowable delay of up to 4 weeks) with the second dose scheduled 6 months from the 1st dose. A sensitivity analysis with an allowable delay up to 8 weeks was also performed. We compared the adherence rates between the two periods and explored factors associated with adherence. RESULTS A total of 768 and 1458 patients respectively during the lockdown and pre-COVID-19 periods were analyzed. The mean adherence rate during lockdown was 63.9%. The odds of being adherent during lockdown were higher if patients were managed by endocrinologists as opposed to those by other specialists [OR 2.516 (95% CI: 1.836-3.448); p < 0.001]. Adherence rates during the pre-COVID-19 period was 75.4%. Overall, the odds of being adherent to denosumab was significantly lower during lockdown than that during the pre-COVID-19 period [OR 0.525 (95% CI 0.430-0.640); p < 0.001], and odds of being adherent were higher if patients were managed by endocrinologists than if they were managed by other specialists (OR 1.765 (95% CI: 1.444-2.158; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Adherence to denosumab was significantly lower during COVID-19 lockdown than the pre-COVID-19 period. The odds of being adherent were higher in patients managed by endocrinologists. Whether healthcare providers from certain specialties spend more time counselling and educating patients about the importance of adherence to osteoporosis medications needs to be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Chandran
- Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Ying Hao
- National Public Health and Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ann Kerwen Kwee
- Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Yun Ann Chin
- Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Ahmed S, Zehra N, Noordin S, Sadruddin A, Khan AH. Bridging the gaps in secondary fracture prevention at a single center in Pakistan-compliance with the IOF best practice framework. Arch Osteoporos 2021; 16:158. [PMID: 34698959 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-021-01032-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) formulated a set of best practice framework as an international benchmark for secondary fracture prevention (SFP) and fracture liaison services (FLS), delineating essential elements of service delivery. The aim of this audit was to assess compliance with the IOF standards for patients ≥ 50 years presenting with fragility hip fractures at a tertiary care center in Pakistan. METHODS A retrospective sample of hip fracture cases from Jan 2019 to Dec 2019, treated at the section of Orthopedic Surgery, Aga Khan University, Karachi, was conducted. After excluding high energy trauma cases and patients younger than 50 years of age, medical records were audited, using a pre-structured Performa based on IOF standards. Compliance level of 0, 1, 2, and 3 was recorded as defined by IOF. Microsoft excel was used for data analysis. RESULTS A compliance level of 3 was recorded for patient identification and fall prevention services, whereas level 1 was attained for database maintenance for 25 (100%) cases. For medication initiation, level 0 was recorded for all the cases; however, 8 (32%) cases were prescribed calcium and vitamin D supplements. For the standards, including post-fracture assessment timing, evaluation of secondary causes of osteoporosis, multifaceted assessment, medication review, communication strategy, and long-term management, a level 0 was noted for 25 (100%) cases. Moreover, no recommended assessment guidelines were followed uniformly. CONCLUSION The care gaps identified require substantial efforts to ensure adequate implementation of the overall best practice standards for SFP, necessitating the need for FLS initiation and establishment of fracture care pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibtain Ahmed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Nawazish Zehra
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Shahryar Noordin
- Musculoskeletal and Sports Medicine, Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Anum Sadruddin
- Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Aysha Habib Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
- Chemical Pathology & Bone, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medicine Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
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Chandran M, Kwee A. Treatment indications and thresholds of intervention: consensus and controversies in osteoporosis. Climacteric 2021; 25:29-36. [PMID: 34313165 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2021.1951205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A few indications for treatment and thresholds for intervention in osteoporosis have been propounded in the literature and recommended in guidelines. These include a bone mineral density (BMD) T-score ≤ -2.5, fracture probability-based scores and the presence of a fragility fracture. A low BMD is associated with an increased risk of fracture. However, a BMD T-score of ≤ -2.5 on its own does not capture fracture risk in its entirety. Fracture risk assessment tools that are based on clinical risk factors arose from the misgivings about using BMD T-scores in isolation to assess fracture risk. Algorithms such as FRAX, Garvan etc, integrate various clinical risk factors with or without BMD to compute the probability of a hip fracture or a major osteoporotic fracture over a finite period. These probabilities do not yield distinctive thresholds by themselves and need to be interpreted wisely and adopted by consensus. Evidence exists to show that treatment can decrease the risk of sustaining a second fracture. Therefore, patients with a fragility fracture should be considered for treatment. In this narrative interview, we will explore the strengths and limitations of some of these indications for treatment and will discuss the various points of contention surrounding them.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chandran
- Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A Kwee
- Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Bhadada SK, Chandran M, Pal R, Chadha M, Mithal A. APCO Framework of Clinical Standards of Care: A Major Leap Forward in Streamlining Osteoporosis Care in India. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2021; 25:12-13. [PMID: 34386387 PMCID: PMC8323625 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_156_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar Bhadada
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manju Chandran
- Department of Endocrinology, Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Unit, Singapore General Hospital, 20, College Road, Academia, Singapore
| | - Rimesh Pal
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manoj Chadha
- Department of Endocrinology, PD Hinduja Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ambrish Mithal
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Max Healthcare, Saket, Press Enclave Road, New Delhi, India
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