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Dubey AK, Sardana D, Verma T, Alam P, Chattopadhyay A, Nandini SS, Khamari B, Bulagonda EP, Sen S, Nandi D. Quantifying Membrane Alterations with Tailored Fluorescent Dyes: A Rapid Antibiotic Resistance Profiling Methodology. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:2836-2859. [PMID: 39024306 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Accurate detection of bacterial antibiotic sensitivity is crucial for theranostics and the containment of antibiotic-resistant infections. However, the intricate task of detecting and quantifying the antibiotic-induced changes in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, and their correlation with other metabolic pathways leading to antibiotic resistance, poses significant challenges. Using a novel class of 4-aminophthalimide (4AP)-based fluorescent dyes with precisely tailored alkyl chains, namely 4AP-C9 and 4AP-C13, we quantify stress-mediated alterations in E. coli membranes. Leveraging the unique depth-dependent positioning and environment-sensitive fluorescence properties of these dyes, we detect antibiotic-induced membrane damage through single-cell imaging and monitoring the fluorescence peak maxima difference ratio (PMDR) of the dyes within the bacterial membrane, complemented by other methods. The correlation between the ROS-induced cytoplasmic membrane damage and the PMDR of dyes quantifies sensitivity against bactericidal antibiotics, which correlates to antibiotic-induced lipid peroxidation. Significantly, our findings largely extend to clinical isolates of E. coli and other ESKAPE pathogens like K. pneumoniae and Enterobacter subspecies. Our data reveal that 4AP-Cn probes can potentially act as precise scales to detect antibiotic-induced membrane damage ("thinning") occurring at a subnanometer scale through the quantification of dyes' PMDR, making them promising membrane dyes for rapid detection of bacterial antibiotic resistance, distinguishing sensitive and resistant infections with high specificity in a clinical setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashim Kumar Dubey
- Undergraduate Programme, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepika Sardana
- School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Taru Verma
- Centre for BioSystems, Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Parvez Alam
- School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Avik Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Santhi Sanil Nandini
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Balaram Khamari
- Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Puttaparthi 515134, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Eswarappa Pradeep Bulagonda
- Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Puttaparthi 515134, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sobhan Sen
- School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Dipankar Nandi
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
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Smirnova G, Tyulenev A, Sutormina L, Kalashnikova T, Muzyka N, Ushakov V, Samoilova Z, Oktyabrsky O. Regulation of Cysteine Homeostasis and Its Effect on Escherichia coli Sensitivity to Ciprofloxacin in LB Medium. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4424. [PMID: 38674008 PMCID: PMC11050555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cysteine and its derivatives, including H2S, can influence bacterial virulence and sensitivity to antibiotics. In minimal sulfate media, H2S is generated under stress to prevent excess cysteine and, together with incorporation into glutathione and export into the medium, is a mechanism of cysteine homeostasis. Here, we studied the features of cysteine homeostasis in LB medium, where the main source of sulfur is cystine, whose import can create excess cysteine inside cells. We used mutants in the mechanisms of cysteine homeostasis and a set of microbiological and biochemical methods, including the real-time monitoring of sulfide and oxygen, the determination of cysteine and glutathione (GSH), and the expression of the Fur, OxyR, and SOS regulons genes. During normal growth, the parental strain generated H2S when switching respiration to another substrate. The mutations affected the onset time, the intensity and duration of H2S production, cysteine and glutathione levels, bacterial growth and respiration rates, and the induction of defense systems. Exposure to chloramphenicol and high doses of ciprofloxacin increased cysteine content and GSH synthesis. A high inverse relationship between log CFU/mL and bacterial growth rate before ciprofloxacin addition was revealed. The study points to the important role of maintaining cysteine homeostasis during normal growth and antibiotic exposure in LB medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Smirnova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Goleva 13, 614081 Perm, Russia; (A.T.); (L.S.); (T.K.); (N.M.); (V.U.); (Z.S.); (O.O.)
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Smirnova G, Tyulenev A, Muzyka N, Ushakov V, Samoilova Z, Oktyabrsky O. Influence of Growth Medium Composition on Physiological Responses of Escherichia coli to the Action of Chloramphenicol and Ciprofloxacin. BIOTECH 2023; 12:43. [PMID: 37366791 DOI: 10.3390/biotech12020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to protect bacteria from bactericidal antibiotics has previously been described. The main source of H2S is the desulfurization of cysteine, which is either synthesized by cells from sulfate or transported from the medium, depending on its composition. Applying electrochemical sensors and a complex of biochemical and microbiological methods, changes in growth, respiration, membrane potential, SOS response, H2S production and bacterial survival under the action of bactericidal ciprofloxacin and bacteriostatic chloramphenicol in commonly used media were studied. Chloramphenicol caused a sharp inhibition of metabolism in all studied media. The physiological response of bacteria to ciprofloxacin strongly depended on its dose. In rich LB medium, cells retained metabolic activity at higher concentrations of ciprofloxacin than in minimal M9 medium. This decreased number of surviving cells (CFU) by 2-3 orders of magnitude in LB compared to M9 medium, and shifted optimal bactericidal concentration (OBC) from 0.3 µg/mL in M9 to 3 µg/mL in LB. Both drugs induced transient production of H2S in M9 medium. In media containing cystine, H2S was produced independently of antibiotics. Thus, medium composition significantly modifies physiological response of E. coli to bactericidal antibiotic, which should be taken into account when interpreting data and developing drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Smirnova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Goleva 13, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | - Aleksey Tyulenev
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Goleva 13, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | - Nadezda Muzyka
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Goleva 13, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | - Vadim Ushakov
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Goleva 13, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | - Zoya Samoilova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Goleva 13, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | - Oleg Oktyabrsky
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Goleva 13, 614081 Perm, Russia
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Kalashnikova TV, Sutormina LV, Samoilova ZY, Oktyabrsky ON, Smirnova GV. Effect of Changes in the Redox Status on Biofilm Formation in Escherichia coli. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 174:451-454. [PMID: 36894813 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05727-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the redox balance in the medium and in Escherichia coli cells significantly affect the ability of bacteria to form biofilms. An increase in the level of aeration in the culture of wild-type bacteria led to a 3-fold decrease in the mass of biofilms. Mutants lacking components of the glutathione and thioredoxin redox systems, as well as transporters involved in the transmembrane cycling of glutathione, demonstrated increased biofilm formation ability. The effect of exogenous glutathione on biofilm formation depended on the culturing conditions. The addition of 0.1-1 mM Trolox (a water-soluble analog of vitamin E) was accompanied by a 30-40% reduction in biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V Kalashnikova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences - Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, Russia
| | - L V Sutormina
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences - Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, Russia
| | - Z Yu Samoilova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences - Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, Russia
| | - O N Oktyabrsky
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences - Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, Russia
| | - G V Smirnova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences - Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, Russia.
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Smirnova GV, Tyulenev AV, Muzyka NG, Oktyabrsky ON. Study of the contribution of active defense mechanisms to ciprofloxacin tolerance in Escherichia coli growing at different rates. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2022; 115:233-251. [PMID: 35022927 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01693-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Using rpoS, tolC, ompF, and recA knockouts, we investigated their effect on the physiological response and lethality of ciprofloxacin in E. coli growing at different rates on glucose, succinate or acetate. We have shown that, regardless of the strain, the degree of changes in respiration, membrane potential, NAD+/NADH ratio, ATP and glutathione (GSH) strongly depends on the initial growth rate and the degree of its inhibition. The deletion of the regulator of the general stress response RpoS, although it influenced the expression of antioxidant genes, did not significantly affect the tolerance to ciprofloxacin at all growth rates. The mutant lacking TolC, which is a component of many E. coli efflux pumps, showed the same sensitivity to ciprofloxacin as the parent. The absence of porin OmpF slowed down the entry of ciprofloxacin into cells, prolonged growth and shifted the optimal bactericidal concentration towards higher values. Deficiency of RecA, a regulator of the SOS response, dramatically altered the late phase of the SOS response (SOS-dependent cell death), preventing respiratory inhibition and a drop in membrane potential. The recA mutation inverted GSH fluxes across the membrane and abolished ciprofloxacin-induced H2S production. All studied mutants showed an inverse linear relationship between logCFU ml-1 and the specific growth rate. Mutations shifted the plot of this dependence relative to the parental strain according to their significance for ciprofloxacin tolerance. The crucial role of the SOS system is confirmed by dramatic shift down of this plot in the recA mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina V Smirnova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Goleva 13, Perm, Russia, 614081.
| | - Aleksey V Tyulenev
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Goleva 13, Perm, Russia, 614081
| | - Nadezda G Muzyka
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Goleva 13, Perm, Russia, 614081
| | - Oleg N Oktyabrsky
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Goleva 13, Perm, Russia, 614081
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Margalit A, Carolan JC, Walsh F. Global protein responses of multi-drug resistant plasmid containing Escherichia coli to ampicillin, cefotaxime, imipenem and ciprofloxacin. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2021; 28:90-96. [PMID: 34922055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study compared the proteomics of Escherichia coli containing the multi-drug resistance pEK499 plasmid under antimicrobial stress and no antimicrobial. METHODS We utilised mass spectrometry-based proteomics to compare the proteomes of the bacteria and plasmid under antimicrobial stress and no antimicrobial. RESULTS Our analysis identified statistically significant differentially abundant proteins common to groups exposed to the β-lactam antimicrobials but not ciprofloxacin, indicating a β-lactam stress response to exposure from this class of drugs, irrespective of β-lactam resistance or susceptibility. Data arising from comparisons of the proteomes of ciprofloxacin-treated E. coli and controls detected an increase in the relative abundance of proteins associated with ribosomes, translation, the TCA-cycle and several proteins associated with detoxification and a decrease in the relative abundances of proteins associated with stress response, including oxidative stress. We identified changes in proteins associated with persister formation in the presence of ciprofloxacin but not the β-lactams. The plasmid proteome differed across each treatment and did not follow the pattern of antimicrobial - AMR protein associations: a relative increase in the amount of blaCTX-M-15 in the presence of cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin but not the other β-lactams, suggesting regulation of the blaCTX-M-15 protein production. CONCLUSIONS The proteomic data from the this study provided novel insights into the proteins produced from the chromosome and plasmid under different antimicrobial stresses. These data also identified novel proteins not previously associated with AMR or antimicrobials responses in pathogens, which may well represent potential targets of AMR inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatte Margalit
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - James C Carolan
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Fiona Walsh
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
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7
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Stress response of Escherichia coli and Listeria innocua to plasma treatment. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Oktyabrsky ON, Bezmaternykh KV, Smirnova GV, Tyulenev AV. Effect of resveratrol and quercetin on the susceptibility of Escherichia coli to antibiotics. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:167. [PMID: 33025172 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02934-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Activities of plant polyphenols (PPs), resveratrol and quercetin, alone or in combination with four conventional antibiotics against Escherichia coli have been investigated. In medium without antibiotics, both polyphenols caused a dose-dependent growth inhibition. However, pretreatment with resveratrol (40 and 100 μg ml-1) and quercetin (40 μg ml-1) reduced the bacteriostatic effect of kanamycin, streptomycin, cefotaxime and partially of ciprofloxacin. With few exceptions, both PPs also reduced the bactericidal effect of tested antibiotics. Paradoxically, low doses of PPs enhanced the bactericidal effect of kanamycin and partially ciprofloxacin. Compared to quercetin, resveratrol showed a weaker effect on the induction of antioxidant genes and the resistance of E. coli to the oxidative stress generated by hydrogen peroxide treatment. Both polyphenols at high doses reduced membrane potential. Altogether, these findings suggest that the decrease in the bactericidal effect of antibiotics by high doses of polyphenols is mostly due to bacteriostatic action of the latter. In the case of quercetin, the contribution of its antioxidant activity for antibiotic protection may be significant. There is a growing interest in the use of plant-derived compounds to enhance the toxicity of traditional antibiotics. This and other studies show that, under certain conditions, the use of polyphenols as adjuvants may not exert the expected therapeutic effect, but rather to decrease antimicrobial activity of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg N Oktyabrsky
- Laboratory of Physiology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Golev 13, 614081, Perm, Russia.
| | - Ksenia V Bezmaternykh
- Laboratory of Physiology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Golev 13, 614081, Perm, Russia
| | - Galina V Smirnova
- Laboratory of Physiology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Golev 13, 614081, Perm, Russia
| | - Alexey V Tyulenev
- Laboratory of Physiology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Golev 13, 614081, Perm, Russia
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Leite THO, Saraiva MF, Pinheiro AC, de Souza MVN. Monocyclic β-Lactam: A Review on Synthesis and Potential Biological Activities of a Multitarget Core. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:1653-1682. [PMID: 32560602 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200619114820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A monocyclic ring in their structure characterizes monobactams, a subclass of β-lactam antibiotics. Many of these compounds have a bactericidal mechanism of action and acts as penicillin and cephalosporins, interfering with bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. The synthesis of novel β-lactams is an emerging area of organic synthesis research due to the problem of increasing bacterial resistance to existing β -lactam antibiotics, and, in this way, new compounds have been presented with several structural modifications, aiming to improve biological activities. Among the biological activities studied, the most outstanding are antibacterial, antitubercular, anticholesterolemic, anticancer, antiinflammatory, antiviral, and anti-enzymatic, among others. This review explores the vast number of works related to monocyclic β-lactams, compounds of great importance in scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taíse H O Leite
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos (SP), Brazil
| | - Mauricio F Saraiva
- Instituto de Física e Química, Universidade Federal de Itajubá, 37500-903, Itajubá (MG), Brazil
| | - Alessandra C Pinheiro
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos-Far Manguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius N de Souza
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos-Far Manguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Ouyang Y, Li J, Peng Y, Huang Z, Ren Q, Lu J. The Role and Mechanism of Thiol-Dependent Antioxidant System in Bacterial Drug Susceptibility and Resistance. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1940-1954. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190524125232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotics play an irreplaceable role in the prevention and treatment of bacterial infection
diseases. However, because of the improper use of antibiotics, bacterial resistance emerges as a major
challenge of public health all over the world. The small thiol molecules such as glutathione can directly
react and conjugate with some antibiotics, which thus contribute to drug susceptibility and resistance.
Recently, accumulating evidence shows that there is a close link between the antibacterial activities of
some antibiotics and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Thioredoxin and glutathione systems are two
main cellular disulfide reductase systems maintaining cellular ROS level. Therefore, these two thioldependent
antioxidant systems may affect the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance. Microorganisms
are equipped with different thiol-dependent antioxidant systems, which make the role of thioldependent
antioxidant systems in antibiotic susceptibility and resistance is different in various bacteria.
Here we will focus on the review on the advances of the effects of thiol-dependent antioxidant system
in the bacterial antibiotic susceptibility and resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education (Southwest University), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education (Southwest University), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yi Peng
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education (Southwest University), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhijun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education (Southwest University), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qiao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education (Southwest University), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education (Southwest University), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Smirnova GV, Oktyabrsky ON. Relationship between Escherichia coli growth rate and bacterial susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 365:4705891. [PMID: 29228224 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnx254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of Escherichia coli growth rate on its susceptibility to ciprofloxacin was investigated using bacteria grown on different carbon sources and harboring mutations in genes encoding tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes. A 1-h treatment of the wild type (wt) grown on glucose, succinate, malate, α-ketoglutarate or acetate with 0.3 μg ml-1 ciprofloxacin decreased the number of surviving cells (CFU ml-1), 560, 110, 74, 62 and 5 times, respectively. Among the mutants tested, sucB strain, which grew 1.75 times slower than wt, was 7.4-fold more tolerant to 0.3 μg ml-1 of ciprofloxacin than wt. Strong inverse correlations between log(CFU ml-1) after 1-h exposure to 0.3 and 3.0 μg ml-1 ciprofloxacin and the specific growth rate prior to antibiotic treatment (r = - 0.93 and -0.96, respectively) were observed. Data from the current and previous studies on the inhibitory effect of ciprofloxacin on cultures exhibiting a wide range of growth rates (0.01-1.3 h-1) were collated. Statistical analysis revealed a significant inverse correlation between log(CFU ml-1) after exposure to 3.0 μg ml-1 of ciprofloxacin and the specific bacterial growth rate prior to antibiotic exposure (r = -0.92). These data may be used in a design of antibiotic treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina V Smirnova
- Laboratory of Physiology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm 614081, Russia
| | - Oleg N Oktyabrsky
- Laboratory of Physiology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm 614081, Russia.,Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm 614990, Russia
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12
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Overall SA, Zhu S, Hanssen E, Separovic F, Sani MA. In Situ Monitoring of Bacteria under Antimicrobial Stress Using 31P Solid-State NMR. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010181. [PMID: 30621328 PMCID: PMC6337522 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In-cell NMR offers great insight into the characterization of the effect of toxins and antimicrobial peptides on intact cells. However, the complexity of intact live cells remains a significant challenge for the analysis of the effect these agents have on different cellular components. Here we show that 31P solid-state NMR can be used to quantitatively characterize the dynamic behaviour of DNA within intact live bacteria. Lipids were also identified and monitored, although 31P dynamic filtering methods indicated a range of dynamic states for phospholipid headgroups. We demonstrate the usefulness of this methodology for monitoring the activity of the antibiotic ampicillin and the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) maculatin 1.1 (Mac1.1) against Gram-negative bacteria. Perturbations in the dynamic behaviour of DNA were observed in treated cells, which indicated additional mechanisms of action for the AMP Mac1.1 not previously reported. This work highlights the value of 31P in-cell solid-state NMR as a tool for assessing the antimicrobial activity of antibiotics and AMPs in bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Overall
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
- Chemistry & Biochemistry Department, UC Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
| | - Shiying Zhu
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Eric Hanssen
- Advanced Microscopy Facility and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Frances Separovic
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Marc-Antoine Sani
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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Da Silva WM, Bei J, Amigo N, Valacco MP, Amadio A, Zhang Q, Wu X, Yu T, Larzabal M, Chen Z, Cataldi A. Quantification of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 protein abundance by high-throughput proteome. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208520. [PMID: 30596662 PMCID: PMC6312284 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is a human pathogen responsible for diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). To promote a comprehensive insight into the molecular basis of EHEC O157:H7 physiology and pathogenesis, the combined proteome of EHEC O157:H7 strains, Clade 8 and Clade 6 isolated from cattle in Argentina, and the standard EDL933 (clade 3) strain has been analyzed. From shotgun proteomic analysis a total of 2,644 non-redundant proteins of EHEC O157:H7 were identified, which correspond approximately 47% of the predicted proteome of this pathogen. Normalized spectrum abundance factor analysis was performed to estimate the protein abundance. According this analysis, 50 proteins were detected as the most abundant of EHEC O157:H7 proteome. COG analysis showed that the majority of the most abundant proteins are associated with translation processes. A KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis was the most significant pathway. On the other hand, the less abundant detected proteins are those related to DNA processes, cell respiration and prophage. Among the proteins that composed the Type III Secretion System, the most abundant protein was EspA. Altogether, the results show a subset of important proteins that contribute to physiology and pathogenicity of EHEC O157:H7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanderson Marques Da Silva
- Institute of Biotechnology, CICVyA, National Institute of Agricultural Technology, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jinlong Bei
- AGRO-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GDAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Natalia Amigo
- Institute of Biotechnology, CICVyA, National Institute of Agricultural Technology, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Pía Valacco
- CEQUIBIEM (Mass Spectrometry Facility), Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires and CONICET (National Research Council), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ariel Amadio
- Rafaela Experimental Station, National Institute of Agricultural Technology, Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Qi Zhang
- AGRO-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GDAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuju Wu
- AGRO-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GDAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Yu
- AGRO-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GDAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Mariano Larzabal
- Institute of Biotechnology, CICVyA, National Institute of Agricultural Technology, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Zhuang Chen
- AGRO-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GDAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Angel Cataldi
- Institute of Biotechnology, CICVyA, National Institute of Agricultural Technology, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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14
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Martelli G, Giacomini D. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities for natural and synthetic dual-active compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 158:91-105. [PMID: 30205261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is widely recognized as a grave threat to global health in the 21st century, since the past decades have seen a dramatic increase in human-pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to one or multiple antibiotics. New antimicrobial agents are urgently required, particularly in the treatment of chronic infections such as cystic fibrosis, often associated with persistent colonization by drug-resistant pathogens and epithelial damage by pulmonary oxidative stress. In such events, it would be favourable to find agents that could have antioxidant and antibacterial activities combined in one molecule. The discovery of compounds that can show a dual-target activity considerably increased in the last years, reflecting the growing confidence that this new approach could lead to better therapeutic solutions for complex multigenic diseases. The aim of this review is to report those natural and synthetic compounds displaying significant antioxidant and antibacterial activities. In recent years there has been a growing attention on plant-derived antimicrobials as an alternative to antibiotics, for their efficacy and low tendency in developing bacterial resistance. Moreover, it was found that some natural products could enhance the activity of common antibiotics displaying a synergistic effect. We then report some selected synthetic compounds with an in-built capacity to act on two targets or with the combination in a single structure of two pharmacophores with antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Recent literature instances were screened and the most promising examples of dual-active antibacterial-antioxidant molecules were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Martelli
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daria Giacomini
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
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15
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Giacomini D, Musumeci R, Galletti P, Martelli G, Assennato L, Sacchetti G, Guerrini A, Calaresu E, Martinelli M, Cocuzza C. 4-Alkyliden-azetidinones modified with plant derived polyphenols: Antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 140:604-614. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Van Acker H, Coenye T. The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Antibiotic-Mediated Killing of Bacteria. Trends Microbiol 2017; 25:456-466. [PMID: 28089288 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recently, it was proposed that there is a common mechanism behind the activity of bactericidal antibiotics, involving the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the involvement of ROS in antibiotic-mediated killing has become the subject of much debate. In the present review, we provide an overview of the data supporting the ROS hypothesis; we also present data that explain the contradictory results often obtained when studying antibiotic-induced ROS production. For this latter aspect we will focus on the importance of taking the experimental setup into consideration and on the importance of some technical aspects of the assays typically used. Finally, we discuss the link between ROS production and toxin-antitoxin modules, and present an overview of implications for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heleen Van Acker
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Coenye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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17
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Smirnova G, Bezmaternykh K, Oktyabrsky ON. The effect of 20-hydroxyecdysone on the susceptibility of Escherichia coli to different antibiotics. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 121:1511-1518. [PMID: 27681346 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) on the susceptibility of growing Escherichia coli to antibiotics. METHODS AND RESULTS Susceptibility of E. coli to antibiotics in the presence of 20E was estimated by determination of the colony-forming ability and the specific growth rate. Pretreatment with 20E decreased the bactericidal effect of ciprofloxacin (0·3 and 3·0 μg ml-1 ), streptomycin (10 and 40 μg ml-1 ) and kanamycin (10 μg ml-1 ) and increased the bactericidal action of 0·03 μg ml-1 ciprofloxacin. To study the influence of 20E on gene expression, we used strains of E. coli carrying fusions of promoters of relevant genes with the structural gene of β-galactosidase. 20E had no marked effect on the expression of antioxidant genes katG, katE, sodA and the rpoS gene (general stress response), while it (alone or combined with ciprofloxacin) markedly stimulated expression of the sulA gene belonging to the SOS regulon (DNA damage response). CONCLUSION In growing E. coli, 20E modulated the bactericidal action of antibiotics and stimulated the SOS response. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The results of this study may be used to enhance the efficiency of antibacterial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Smirnova
- Laboratory of Physiology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, Russia
| | - K Bezmaternykh
- Laboratory of Physiology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, Russia
| | - O N Oktyabrsky
- Laboratory of Physiology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, Russia.,Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russia
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