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Liang L, Li Y, Mao X, Wang Y. Metabolomics applications for plant-based foods origin tracing, cultivars identification and processing: Feasibility and future aspects. Food Chem 2024; 449:139227. [PMID: 38599108 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Metabolomics, the systematic study of metabolites, is dedicated to a comprehensive analysis of all aspects of plant-based food research and plays a pivotal role in the nutritional composition and quality control of plant-based foods. The diverse chemical compositions of plant-based foods lead to variations in sensory characteristics and nutritional value. This review explores the application of the metabolomics method to plant-based food origin tracing, cultivar identification, and processing methods. It also addresses the challenges encountered and outlines future directions. Typically, when combined with other omics or techniques, synergistic and complementary information is uncovered, enhancing the classification and prediction capabilities of models. Future research should aim to evaluate all factors affecting food quality comprehensively, and this necessitates advanced research into influence mechanisms, metabolic pathways, and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Nanchang University, Nanchang 30047, China
| | - Yuhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Nanchang University, Nanchang 30047, China
| | - Xuejin Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Nanchang University, Nanchang 30047, China.
| | - Yuanxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Nanchang University, Nanchang 30047, China.
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2
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Lee CW, Su H, Hsu YW, Su LZ, Wu YH, Hou CY, Shih SY, Shiea J. Rapid Characterization of Undeclared Pharmaceuticals in Herbal Preparations by Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Emergency Care. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024; 35:960-971. [PMID: 38616559 PMCID: PMC11066970 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.4c00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
In Asia, some herbal preparations have been found to be adulterated with undeclared synthetic medicines to increase their therapeutic efficiency. Many of these adulterants were found to be toxic when overdosed and have been documented to bring about severe, even life-threatening acute poisoning events. The objective of this study is to develop a rapid and sensitive ambient ionization mass spectrometric platform to characterize the undeclared toxic adulterated ingredients in herbal preparations. Several common adulterants were spiked into different herbal preparations and human sera to simulate the clinical conditions of acute poisoning. They were then sampled with a metallic probe and analyzed by the thermal desorption-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The experimental parameters including sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and turnaround time were prudently optimized in this study. Since tedious and time-consuming pretreatment of the sample is unnecessary, the toxic adulterants could be characterized within 60 s. The results can help emergency physicians to make clinical judgments and prescribe appropriate antidotes or supportive treatment in a time-sensitive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wei Lee
- Institute
of Medical Science and Technology, National
Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan, ROC
- Rapid
Screening Research Center for Toxicology and Biomedicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan, ROC
- Research
Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung
Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hung Su
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Wen Hsu
- Institute
of Medical Science and Technology, National
Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Lin-Zhen Su
- Institute
of Medical Science and Technology, National
Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Hung Wu
- Department
of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Yi Hou
- Department
of Clinical Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying 73659, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shu-Yu Shih
- Department
of Emergency Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying 73659, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jentaie Shiea
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan, ROC
- Department
of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung
Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan, ROC
- Rapid
Screening Research Center for Toxicology and Biomedicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan, ROC
- Research
Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung
Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan, ROC
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Ragupathy S, Thirugnanasambandam A, Vinayagam V, Newmaster SG. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Fingerprints and Mini DNA Markers for the Authentication of Cinnamon Species Ingredients Used in Food and Natural Health Products. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:841. [PMID: 38592863 PMCID: PMC10975438 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Cinnamomum verum (syn C. zeylanicum) is considered 'true' cinnamon. However, it is reported that less expensive sources of cinnamon from C. cassia (syn C. aromaticum), C. loureiroi, and C. burmannii (toxic coumarin) may be used in the place of C. verum. We lack the quality assurance tools that are required to differentiate C. verum from other cinnamon species when verifying that the correct species is sourced from ingredient suppliers. The current research on cinnamon species authentication using DNA tools is limited to a few species and the use of high-quality DNA extracted from raw leaf materials. The cinnamon bark traded in the supply chain contains much less DNA and poorer-quality DNA than leaves. Our research advances DNA methods to authenticate cinnamon, as we utilized full-length chloroplast genomes via a genome skimming approach for C. burmannii and C. cassia to facilitate the design of optimal mini DNA markers. Furthermore, we developed and validated the use of NMR fingerprints for several commercial cinnamon species, including the quantification of 16 molecules. NMR fingerprints provided additional data that were useful for quality assessment in cinnamon extract powders and product consistency. Both the new mini DNA markers and NMR fingerprints were tested on commercial cinnamon products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanyam Ragupathy
- Natural Health Products (NHP) Research Alliance, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (V.V.); (S.G.N.)
| | - Arunachalam Thirugnanasambandam
- Natural Health Products (NHP) Research Alliance, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (V.V.); (S.G.N.)
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4
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Zelicha H, Yang J, Henning SM, Huang J, Lee RP, Thames G, Livingston EH, Heber D, Li Z. Effect of cinnamon spice on continuously monitored glycemic response in adults with prediabetes: a 4-week randomized controlled crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:649-657. [PMID: 38290699 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous clinical studies showing that cinnamon spice lowers blood glucose concentrations had inconsistent results. OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of daily cinnamon spice supplementation in an amount commonly used for seasoning on glucose concentrations in adults with obesity and prediabetes. METHODS Following a 2-wk run-in period of maintaining a low polyphenol/fiber diet, 18 participants with obesity and prediabetes underwent a 10-wk randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover trial (mean age 51.1 y; mean fasting plasma glucose 102.9 mg/dL). The participants were randomly assigned to take cinnamon (4 g/d) or placebo for 4-wk, followed by a 2-wk washout period, and then crossed over to the other intervention for an additional 4-wk. Glucose changes were measured with continuous glucose monitoring. Oral glucose tolerance testing immediately following ingestion of cinnamon or placebo was performed at 4-time points to assess their acute effects both at the baseline and end of each intervention phase. Digestive symptom logs were obtained daily. RESULTS There were 694 follow-up days with 66,624 glucose observations. When compared with placebo, 24-h glucose concentrations were significantly lower when cinnamon was administered [mixed-models; effect size (ES) = 0.96; 95 % confidence interval (CI): -2.9, -1.5; P < 0.001]. Similarly, the mean net-area-under-the-curve (netAUC) for glucose was significantly lower than for placebo when cinnamon was given (over 24 h; ES = -0.66; 95 % CI: 2501.7, 5412.1, P = 0.01). Cinnamon supplementation resulted in lower glucose peaks compared with placebo (Δpeak 9.56 ± 9.1 mg/dL compared with 11.73 ± 8.0 mg/dL; ES = -0.57; 95 % CI: 0.8, 3.7, P = 0.027). Glucose-dependent-insulinotropic-polypeptide concentrations increased during oral glucose tolerance testing + cinnamon testing (mixed-models; ES = 0.51; 95 % CI: 1.56, 100.1, P = 0.04), whereas triglyceride concentrations decreased (mixed-models; ES = 0.55; 95 % CI: -16.0, -1.6, P = 0.02). Treatment adherence was excellent in both groups (cinnamon: 97.6 ± 3.4 % compared with placebo: 97.9 ± 3.7 %; ES = -0.15; 95 % CI: -1.8, 0.2, P = 0.5). No differences were found in digestive symptoms (abdominal pain, borborygmi, bloating, excess flatus, and stools/day) between cinnamon and placebo groups. CONCLUSIONS Cinnamon, a widely available and low-cost supplement, may contribute to better glucose control when added to the diet in people who have obesity-related prediabetes. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04342624.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hila Zelicha
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jieping Yang
- Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Susanne M Henning
- Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Jianjun Huang
- Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Ru-Po Lee
- Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Gail Thames
- Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Edward H Livingston
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - David Heber
- Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Zhaoping Li
- Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States.
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5
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Ariyasena TC, Hewage KP, Poole CF. Determination of descriptors for the principal flavor compounds of the cinnamons of commerce by gas chromatography and liquid-liquid partition. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1714:464572. [PMID: 38113578 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Descriptors for fourteen semivolatile organic compounds associated with the authenticity, botanical origin, and flavor potential of the cinnamons of commerce were determined using the Solver method and experimental retention factors determined by gas chromatography at several temperatures on a minimum of seven selectivity-selected, open-tubular columns and liquid-liquid partition constants in up to twenty totally organic biphasic systems. The six descriptors that encode the solvation properties of the compounds were used to predict water-gas, octanol-gas, and octanol-water partition constants commonly employed to assess environmental distribution properties. For octanol-water partition constants, log KOW, the predicted partition constants exhibited an average absolute deviation of 0.12 for log KOW experimental - log KOW predicted (n = 14). Soil-water, soil-air, urban aerosol-air, skin-water permeation, and non-specific toxicity to the fathead minnow were predicted for the same compounds to assess their potential environmental impact. The product terms of the solvation parameter model provide a useful insight into the contribution of individual intermolecular interactions to the distribution properties of the cinnamon compounds and their environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiloka C Ariyasena
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - K Pradeep Hewage
- Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Colin F Poole
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Rm 185 Chemistry, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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6
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Palmioli A, Forcella M, Oldani M, Angotti I, Sacco G, Fusi P, Airoldi C. Adjuvant Effect of Cinnamon Polyphenolic Components in Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16117. [PMID: 38003308 PMCID: PMC10670979 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer death, with a worldwide incidence rate constantly increasing; thus, new strategies for its prevention or treatment are needed. Here, we describe the adjuvant effect of the polyphenol-enriched fractions of cinnamon, from cinnamon bark and buds, when co-administered with a potent anticancer drug, cetuximab, used for CRC therapy. The co-administration significantly reduces the cetuximab dose required for the antiproliferative activity against colorectal cancer cell line E705, which is sensitive to EGFR-targeted therapy. The anticancer activity of these cinnamon-derived fractions, whose major components (as assessed by UPLC-HRMS analysis) are procyanidins and other flavonoids, strictly correlates with their ability to induce apoptosis in cancer cell lines through ERK activation and the mitochondrial membrane potential impairment. Due to the severe side effects of cetuximab administration, our results suggest the use of nutraceuticals based on the polyphenolic fractions of cinnamon extracts as adjuvants in the therapy of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Paola Fusi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, P.zza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (M.F.); (M.O.)
| | - Cristina Airoldi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, P.zza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (M.F.); (M.O.)
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7
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Ghidotti M, Papoci S, Pietretti D, Ždiniaková T, de la Calle Guntiñas MB. Use of elemental profiles determined by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence and multivariate analyses to detect adulteration in Ceylon cinnamon. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:5437-5449. [PMID: 37587311 PMCID: PMC10444698 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04817-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The price of Cinnamomum verum (Ceylon cinnamon) is around twice as high as that of the other cinnamon varieties commonly grouped under the name cassia cinnamon, making the former spice an attractive target for fraudsters. This work demonstrates that elemental profiles obtained by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence in combination with multivariate analyses can be used as a screening method to detect Ceylon cinnamon adulteration. Thirty-six elements were analysed in 52 commercially available cinnamon samples, 29 Ceylon, 8 cassia, and 15 for which no indication about variety was provided. Fifty-eight percent of the samples were either adulterated or did not meet international quality criteria. Four of the ground cinnamon samples labelled as Ceylon cinnamon were found to be pure cassia or a mixture with a high cassia content, and 26 samples were suspected of other types of adulteration including replacement of bark with other parts of the cinnamon tree. Headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and ash determination by thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the conclusions reached by elemental analysis. Only one sample labelled as Ceylon cinnamon and that according to its volatile composition was cassia cinnamon was not flagged as suspicious by elemental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergej Papoci
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Geel, Belgium
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8
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Cajka T, Hricko J, Rudl Kulhava L, Paucova M, Novakova M, Fiehn O, Kuda O. Exploring the Impact of Organic Solvent Quality and Unusual Adduct Formation during LC-MS-Based Lipidomic Profiling. Metabolites 2023; 13:966. [PMID: 37755246 PMCID: PMC10536874 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13090966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is the key technique for analyzing complex lipids in biological samples. Various LC-MS modes are used for lipid separation, including different stationary phases, mobile-phase solvents, and modifiers. Quality control in lipidomics analysis is crucial to ensuring the generated data's reliability, reproducibility, and accuracy. While several quality control measures are commonly discussed, the impact of organic solvent quality during LC-MS analysis is often overlooked. Additionally, the annotation of complex lipids remains prone to biases, leading to potential misidentifications and incomplete characterization of lipid species. In this study, we investigate how LC-MS-grade isopropanol from different vendors may influence the quality of the mobile phase used in LC-MS-based untargeted lipidomic profiling of biological samples. Furthermore, we report the occurrence of an unusual, yet highly abundant, ethylamine adduct [M+46.0651]+ that may form for specific lipid subclasses during LC-MS analysis in positive electrospray ionization mode when acetonitrile is part of the mobile phase, potentially leading to lipid misidentification. These findings emphasize the importance of considering solvent quality in LC-MS analysis and highlight challenges in lipid annotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Cajka
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (L.R.K.); (M.P.); (M.N.); (O.K.)
| | - Jiri Hricko
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (L.R.K.); (M.P.); (M.N.); (O.K.)
| | - Lucie Rudl Kulhava
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (L.R.K.); (M.P.); (M.N.); (O.K.)
| | - Michaela Paucova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (L.R.K.); (M.P.); (M.N.); (O.K.)
| | - Michaela Novakova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (L.R.K.); (M.P.); (M.N.); (O.K.)
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Ondrej Kuda
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (L.R.K.); (M.P.); (M.N.); (O.K.)
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9
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Rivera-Pérez A, García-Pérez P, Romero-González R, Garrido Frenich A, Lucini L. UHPLC-QTOF-HRMS metabolomics insight on the origin and processing authentication of thyme by comprehensive fingerprinting and chemometrics. Food Chem 2023; 407:135123. [PMID: 36493482 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic composition of thyme, one of the most used aromatic herbs, is influenced by environmental and post-harvest processing factors, presenting the possibility of exploiting thyme fingerprint to assess its authenticity. In this study, a comprehensive UHPLC-QTOF-HRMS fingerprinting approach was applied with a dual objective: (1) tracing thyme from three regions of production (Spain, Morocco, and Poland) and (2) evaluating the metabolic differences in response to processing, considering sterilized thyme samples. Multivariate statistics reveal 37 and 33 key origin and processing differentiation compounds, respectively. The findings highlighted the remarkable "terroir" influence on thyme fingerprint, noticing flavonoids, amino acids, and peptides among the most discriminant chemical classes. Thyme sterilization led to an overall metabolite enrichment, most likely due to the facilitated compound accessibility as a result of processing. The findings provide a comprehensive metabolomics insight into the origin and processing effect on thyme composition for product traceability and quality assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Rivera-Pérez
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agrifood Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Almeria, E-04120 Almeria, Spain; Department for Sustainable Food Process - DiSTAS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Pascual García-Pérez
- Department for Sustainable Food Process - DiSTAS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Univesidade de Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Roberto Romero-González
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agrifood Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Almeria, E-04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Antonia Garrido Frenich
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agrifood Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Almeria, E-04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process - DiSTAS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy.
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10
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Xie Z, Li Y, Liu Z, Zeng M, Moore JC, Gao B, Wu X, Sun J, Wang TTY, Pehrsson P, He X, Yu LL. Bioactive Compositions of Cinnamon ( Cinnamomum verum J. Presl) Extracts and Their Capacities in Suppressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Binding to ACE2, Inhibiting ACE2, and Scavenging Free Radicals. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:4890-4900. [PMID: 36940448 PMCID: PMC10041354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum J. Presl) bark and its extracts are popular ingredients added to food and supplement products. It has various health effects, including potentially reducing the risk of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). In our study, the bioactives in cinnamon water and ethanol extracts were chemically identified, and their potential in suppressing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) binding, reducing ACE2 availability, and scavenging free radicals was investigated. Twenty-seven and twenty-three compounds were tentatively identified in cinnamon water and ethanol extracts, respectively. Seven compounds, including saccharumoside C, two emodin-glucuronide isomers, two physcion-glucuronide isomers, and two type-A proanthocyanidin hexamers, were first reported in cinnamon. Cinnamon water and ethanol extracts suppressed the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to ACE2 and inhibited ACE2 activity in a dose-dependent manner. Cinnamon ethanol extract had total phenolic content of 36.67 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g and free radical scavenging activities against HO• and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation (ABTS•+) of 1688.85 and 882.88 μmol Trolox equivalents (TE)/g, which were significantly higher than those of the water extract at 24.12 mg GAE/g and 583.12 and 210.36 μmol TE/g. The free radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) of cinnamon ethanol extract was lower than that of the water extract. The present study provides new evidence that cinnamon reduces the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuohong Xie
- Department
of Nutrition and Food Science, University
of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Yanfang Li
- Department
of Nutrition and Food Science, University
of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Methods
and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition
Research Center, Agricultural Research Service,
United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department
of Nutrition and Food Science, University
of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Methods
and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition
Research Center, Agricultural Research Service,
United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Melody Zeng
- Department
of Nutrition and Food Science, University
of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Jeffrey C. Moore
- Moore
FoodTech, LLC, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Boyan Gao
- Institute
of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xianli Wu
- Methods
and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition
Research Center, Agricultural Research Service,
United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Jianghao Sun
- Methods
and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition
Research Center, Agricultural Research Service,
United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Thomas T. Y. Wang
- Diet,
Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research
Center, Agricultural Research Service, United
States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Pamela Pehrsson
- Methods
and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition
Research Center, Agricultural Research Service,
United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Xiaohua He
- Western Regional
Research Center, Agricultural Research Service,
United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - Liangli Lucy Yu
- Department
of Nutrition and Food Science, University
of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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11
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Wang P, Chi J, Guo H, Wang SX, Wang J, Xu EP, Dai LP, Wang ZM. Identification of Differential Compositions of Aqueous Extracts of Cinnamomi Ramulus and Cinnamomi Cortex. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052015. [PMID: 36903261 PMCID: PMC10004064 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cinnamomi ramulus (CR) and Cinnamomi cortex (CC), both sourced from Cinnamomum cassia Presl, are commonly used Chinese medicines in the Chinese Pharmacopeia. However, while CR functions to dissipate cold and to resolve external problems of the body, CC functions to warm the internal organs. To clarify the material basis of these different functions and clinical effects, a simple and reliable UPLC-Orbitrap-Exploris-120-MS/MS method combined with multivariate statistical analyses was established in this study with the aim of exploring the difference in chemical compositions of aqueous extracts of CR and CC. As the results indicated, a total of 58 compounds was identified, including nine flavonoids, 23 phenylpropanoids and phenolic acids, two coumarins, four lignans, four terpenoids, 11 organic acids and five other components. Of these compounds, 26 significant differential compounds were identified statistically including six unique components in CR and four unique components in CC. Additionally, a robust HPLC method combined with hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) was developed to simultaneously determine the concentrations and differentiating capacities of five major active ingredients in CR and CC: coumarin, cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamic acid, 2-methoxycinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde. The HCA results showed that these five components could be used as markers for successfully distinguishing CR and CC. Finally, molecular docking analyses were conducted to obtain the affinities between each of the abovementioned 26 differential components, focusing on targets involved in diabetes peripheral neuropathy (DPN). The results indicated that the special and high-concentration components in CR showed high docking scores of affinities with targets such as HbA1c and proteins in the AMPK-PGC1-SIRT3 signaling pathway, suggesting that CR has greater potential than CC for treating DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jun Chi
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Shun-Xiang Wang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Er-Ping Xu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Li-Ping Dai
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Correspondence: (L.-P.D.); (Z.-M.W.); Tel.: +86-187-0365-1652 (L.-P.D.)
| | - Zhi-Min Wang
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control Technology of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Correspondence: (L.-P.D.); (Z.-M.W.); Tel.: +86-187-0365-1652 (L.-P.D.)
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12
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Salinas-Arellano ED, Castro-Dionicio IY, Jeyaraj JG, Mirtallo Ezzone NP, Carcache de Blanco EJ. Phytochemical Profiles and Biological Studies of Selected Botanical Dietary Supplements Used in the United States. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 122:1-162. [PMID: 37392311 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26768-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Based on their current wide bioavailability, botanical dietary supplements have become an important component of the United States healthcare system, although most of these products have limited scientific evidence for their use. The most recent American Botanical Council Market Report estimated for 2020 a 17.3% increase in sales of these products when compared to 2019, for a total sales volume of $11,261 billion. The use of botanical dietary supplements products in the United States is guided by the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) from 1994, enacted by the U.S. Congress with the aim of providing more information to consumers and to facilitate access to a larger number of botanical dietary supplements available on the market than previously. Botanical dietary supplements may be formulated for and use only using crude plant samples (e.g., plant parts such as the bark, leaves, or roots) that can be processed by grinding into a dried powder. Plant parts can also be extracted with hot water to form an "herbal tea." Other preparations of botanical dietary supplements include capsules, essential oils, gummies, powders, tablets, and tinctures. Overall, botanical dietary supplements contain bioactive secondary metabolites with diverse chemotypes that typically are found at low concentration levels. These bioactive constituents usually occur in combination with inactive molecules that may induce synergy and potentiation of the effects observed when botanical dietary supplements are taken in their different forms. Most of the botanical dietary supplements available on the U.S. market have been used previously as herbal remedies or as part of traditional medicine systems from around the world. Their prior use in these systems also provides a certain level of assurance in regard to lower toxicity levels. This chapter will focus on the importance and diversity of the chemical features of bioactive secondary metabolites found in botanical dietary supplements that are responsible for their applications. Many of the active principles of botanical dietary substances are phenolics and isoprenoids, but glycosides and some alkaloids are also present. Biological studies on the active constituents of selected botanical dietary supplements will be discussed. Thus, the present chapter should be of interest for both members of the natural products scientific community, who may be performing development studies of the products available, as well as for healthcare professionals who are directly involved in the analysis of botanical interactions and evaluation of the suitability of botanical dietary supplements for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D Salinas-Arellano
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ines Y Castro-Dionicio
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jonathan G Jeyaraj
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Nathan P Mirtallo Ezzone
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Esperanza J Carcache de Blanco
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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13
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Current Trends in Toxicity Assessment of Herbal Medicines: A Narrative Review. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Even in modern times, the popularity level of medicinal plants and herbal medicines in therapy is still high. The World Health Organization estimates that 80% of the population in developing countries uses these types of remedies. Even though herbal medicine products are usually perceived as low risk, their potential health risks should be carefully assessed. Several factors can cause the toxicity of herbal medicine products: plant components or metabolites with a toxic potential, adulteration, environmental pollutants (heavy metals, pesticides), or contamination of microorganisms (toxigenic fungi). Their correct evaluation is essential for the patient’s safety. The toxicity assessment of herbal medicine combines in vitro and in vivo methods, but in the past decades, several new techniques emerged besides conventional methods. The use of omics has become a valuable research tool for prediction and toxicity evaluation, while DNA sequencing can be used successfully to detect contaminants and adulteration. The use of invertebrate models (Danio renio or Galleria mellonella) became popular due to the ethical issues associated with vertebrate models. The aim of the present article is to provide an overview of the current trends and methods used to investigate the toxic potential of herbal medicinal products and the challenges in this research field.
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14
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Cheng W, Yao Y, Wang Q, Chang X, Shi Z, Fang X, Chen F, Chen S, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Zhu D, Deng Z, Lu L. Characterization of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid methyltransferases in Liriodendron chinense provides insights into the phylogenic basis of angiosperm alkaloid diversity. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:535-548. [PMID: 36062348 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) are a class of plant secondary metabolites with great pharmacological value. Their biosynthetic pathways have been extensively elucidated in the species from the Ranunculales order, such as poppy and Coptis japonica, in which methylation events play central roles and are directly responsible for BIA chemodiversity. Here, we combined BIA quantitative profiling and transcriptomic analyses to identify novel BIA methyltransferases (MTs) from Liriodendron chinense, a basal angiosperm plant. We identified an N-methyltransferase (LcNMT1) and two O-methyltransferases (LcOMT1 and LcOMT3), and characterized their biochemical functions in vitro. LcNMT1 methylates (S)-coclaurine to produce mono- and dimethylated products. Mutagenesis experiments revealed that a single-residue alteration is sufficient to change its substrate selectivity. LcOMT1 methylates (S)-norcoclaurine at the C6 site and LcOMT3 methylates (S)-coclaurine at the C7 site, respectively. Two key residues of LcOMT3, A115 and T301, are identified as important contributors to its catalytic activity. Compared with Ranunculales-derived NMTs, Magnoliales-derived NMTs were less abundant and had narrower substrate specificity, indicating that NMT expansion has contributed substantially to BIA chemodiversity in angiosperms, particularly in Ranunculales species. In summary, we not only characterized three novel enzymes that could be useful in the biosynthetic production of valuable BIAs but also shed light on the molecular origin of BIAs during angiosperm evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qiuxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaosa Chang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhuolin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xueting Fang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shixin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Academy of Bio-Medicine Research, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Dongqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430071, China
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15
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Ciaramelli C, Palmioli A, Angotti I, Colombo L, De Luigi A, Sala G, Salmona M, Airoldi C. NMR-Driven Identification of Cinnamon Bud and Bark Components With Anti-Aβ Activity. Front Chem 2022; 10:896253. [PMID: 35755250 PMCID: PMC9214034 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.896253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-Alzheimer disease (AD) activity reported for an aqueous cinnamon bark extract prompted us to investigate and compare the anti-amyloidogenic properties of cinnamon extracts obtained from both bark and bud, the latter being a very little explored matrix. We prepared the extracts with different procedures (alcoholic, hydroalcoholic, or aqueous extractions). An efficient protocol for the rapid analysis of NMR spectra of cinnamon bud and bark extracts was set up, enabling the automatic identification and quantification of metabolites. Moreover, we exploited preparative reverse-phase (RP) chromatography to prepare fractions enriched in polyphenols, further characterized by UPLC-HR-MS. Then, we combined NMR-based molecular recognition studies, atomic force microscopy, and in vitro biochemical and cellular assays to investigate the anti-amyloidogenic activity of our extracts. Both bud and bark extracts showed a potent anti-amyloidogenic activity. Flavanols, particularly procyanidins, and cinnamaldehydes, are the chemical components of cinnamon hindering Aβ peptide on-pathway aggregation and toxicity in a human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. Together with the previously reported ability to hinder tau aggregation and filament formation, these data indicate cinnamon polyphenols as natural products possessing multitarget anti-AD activity. Since cinnamon is a spice increasingly present in the human diet, our results support its use to prepare nutraceuticals useful in preventing AD through an active contrast to the biochemical processes that underlie the onset of this disease. Moreover, the structures of cinnamon components responsible for cinnamon anti-AD activities represent molecular templates for designing and synthesizing new anti-amyloidogenic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Ciaramelli
- BioOrgNMR Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.,Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Palmioli
- BioOrgNMR Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.,Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Irene Angotti
- BioOrgNMR Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Colombo
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri"- IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Ada De Luigi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri"- IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Gessica Sala
- Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.,School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Salmona
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri"- IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Airoldi
- BioOrgNMR Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.,Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
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16
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Zhang M, Wang Y, Moore R, Upton R, Harrington PDB, Chen P. Development of a Metabolite Ratio Rule-Based Method for Automated Metabolite Profiling and Species Differentiation of Four Major Cinnamon Species. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:5450-5457. [PMID: 35439011 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A metabolomic ratio rule-based classification method was developed and programmed for automated metabolite profiling and differentiation of four major cinnamon species using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). The computational program identifies key cinnamon metabolites, including proanthocyanidins, cinnamaldehyde, and coumarin, from test samples through LC-MS data processing and assigns cinnamon species by critical metabolite ratios using a stepwise classification strategy. Further, 100% classification accuracy was achieved on the training sample set through critical ratio optimization, and over 95% accuracy was achieved on the validation sample set. The proposed cinnamon classification method exhibited superior accuracy compared to the metabolomic-based PLS-DA modeling method and offered great value for the authentication of cinnamon samples and evaluation of their potential health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, United States
| | - Yifei Wang
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Services, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2350, United States
| | - Roderick Moore
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, United States
| | - Roy Upton
- American Herbal Pharmacopoeia, PO Box 66809, Scotts Valley, California 95067, United States
| | - Peter de B Harrington
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clippinger Laboratories, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Pei Chen
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Services, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2350, United States
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17
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Phenolic Composition, Enzyme Inhibitory and Anti-quorum Sensing Activities of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume) and Basil (Ocimum basilicum Linn). CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-021-00265-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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18
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Wu X, Long H, Li F, Wu W, Zhou J, Liu C, Hou J, Wu W, Guo D. Comprehensive feature-based molecular networking and metabolomics approaches to reveal the differences components in Cinnamomum cassia and Cinnamomum verum. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:3810-3821. [PMID: 34415684 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamon was been a widely used plant in medicinal and spices for a long time and has spread all over the world. However, the differences in the components of the bark from Cinnamomum cassia and Cinnamomum verum, the two most common types of cinnamon, have not been thoroughly investigated. In the present experiment, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography LTQ-Orbitrap Velos Pro hybrid mass spectrometer-based metabolomics coupled with chemometrics and feature-based molecular networking were employed to dramatically distinguish and annotate Cinnamomum cassia Bark and Cinnamomum verum bark. As a consequence, principal component analysis, orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminates analysis, and heat map analysis demonstrated clear discrimination between the profiles of metabolites in cinnamon. Besides, as the known compounds, proanthocyanidins (cinnamtannin B1 and procyanidin B2) and alkaloids (norboldine, norisoboldine) with variable importance in the projection scores >6, and an unknown alkaloid (formula C24 H33 NO6 ) were selected as the best markers to discriminate cinnamon. Furthermore, large numbers of proanthocyanidins and alkaloids components were identified through feature-based molecular networking for the first time. Our investigation provides new ideas for the discovery of quality markers and identification of unknown components in natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingdong Wu
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huali Long
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Feifei Li
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wenyong Wu
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Chen Liu
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Jinjun Hou
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wanying Wu
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Dean Guo
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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