1
|
Wang MF, Ouyang Y, Segura T, Muddiman DC. Optimizing neurotransmitter pathway detection by IR-MALDESI-MSI in mouse brain. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:4207-4218. [PMID: 38822822 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05354-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) platforms such as infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI) are advantageous for a variety of applications, including elucidating the localization of neurotransmitters (NTs) and related molecules with respect to ion abundance across a sample without the need for derivatization or organic matrix application. While IR-MALDESI-MSI conventionally uses a thin exogenous ice matrix to improve signal abundance, it has been previously determined that sucrose embedding without the ice matrix improves detection of lipid species in striatal, coronal mouse brain sections. This work considers components of this workflow to determine the optimal sample preparation and matrix to enhance the detection of NTs and their related metabolites in coronal sections from the striatal region of the mouse brain. The discoveries herein will enable more comprehensive follow-on studies for the investigation of NTs to enrich biological pathways and interpretation related to neurodegenerative diseases and ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary F Wang
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Yunxin Ouyang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tatiana Segura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David C Muddiman
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Duché G, Sanderson JM. The Chemical Reactivity of Membrane Lipids. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3284-3330. [PMID: 38498932 PMCID: PMC10979411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
It is well-known that aqueous dispersions of phospholipids spontaneously assemble into bilayer structures. These structures have numerous applications across chemistry and materials science and form the fundamental structural unit of the biological membrane. The particular environment of the lipid bilayer, with a water-poor low dielectric core surrounded by a more polar and better hydrated interfacial region, gives the membrane particular biophysical and physicochemical properties and presents a unique environment for chemical reactions to occur. Many different types of molecule spanning a range of sizes, from dissolved gases through small organics to proteins, are able to interact with membranes and promote chemical changes to lipids that subsequently affect the physicochemical properties of the bilayer. This Review describes the chemical reactivity exhibited by lipids in their membrane form, with an emphasis on conditions where the lipids are well hydrated in the form of bilayers. Key topics include the following: lytic reactions of glyceryl esters, including hydrolysis, aminolysis, and transesterification; oxidation reactions of alkenes in unsaturated fatty acids and sterols, including autoxidation and oxidation by singlet oxygen; reactivity of headgroups, particularly with reactive carbonyl species; and E/Z isomerization of alkenes. The consequences of reactivity for biological activity and biophysical properties are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Duché
- Génie
Enzimatique et Cellulaire, Université
Technologique de Compiègne, Compiègne 60200, France
| | - John M Sanderson
- Chemistry
Department, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vahur S, Treshchalov A, Lohmus R, Teearu A, Niman K, Hiiop H, Kikas J, Leito I. Laser-based analytical techniques in cultural heritage science - Tutorial review. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1292:342107. [PMID: 38309841 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
This tutorial review combines the fundamentals of the design and operation of lasers with their usage in applications related to conservation and cultural heritage (CH) science - as components of analytical devices for the study of the chemical composition of materials. The development of laser instruments and their fundamental physical background, including a short explanation of their properties and parameters, are briefly summarised, and an overview of different laser-based analytical techniques is given. The analytical techniques covered in this tutorial are divided into three groups based on their technical aspects and properties: (1) vibrational spectroscopy, (2) elemental analysis, and (3) different molecular mass spectrometric techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Signe Vahur
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Alexey Treshchalov
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rynno Lohmus
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anu Teearu
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Käthi Niman
- Department of Cultural Heritage and Conservation, Estonian Academy of Arts, Põhja pst 7, 10412, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Hilkka Hiiop
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, 50411, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Cultural Heritage and Conservation, Estonian Academy of Arts, Põhja pst 7, 10412, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Jaak Kikas
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ivo Leito
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Croslow SW, Trinklein TJ, Sweedler JV. Advances in multimodal mass spectrometry for single-cell analysis and imaging enhancement. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:591-601. [PMID: 38243373 PMCID: PMC10963143 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Multimodal mass spectrometry (MMS) incorporates an imaging modality with probe-based mass spectrometry (MS) to enable precise, targeted data acquisition and provide additional biological and chemical data not available by MS alone. Two categories of MMS are covered; in the first, an imaging modality guides the MS probe to target individual cells and to reduce acquisition time by automatically defining regions of interest. In the second category, imaging and MS data are coupled in the data analysis pipeline to increase the effective spatial resolution using a higher resolution imaging method, correct for tissue deformation, and incorporate fine morphological features in an MS imaging dataset. Recent methodological and computational developments are covered along with their application to single-cell and imaging analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seth W. Croslow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Timothy J. Trinklein
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Jonathan V. Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Palomino TV, Muddiman DC. Achieving Cross-Ring Fragmentation of N-Linked Glycans by IR-MALDESI. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024; 35:166-171. [PMID: 38113534 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Glycans are complex structures that require MS/MS for detailed structural elucidation. Incorporating metals can provide more structural information by inhibiting glycosidic cleavage and enhancing cross-ring fragmentation. A direct analysis was performed using lithium doping and IR-MALDESI to induce cross-ring fragmentation of glycans. The protonated and lithiated versions of the two glycans were isolated and subjected to HCD. For protonated glycans, only glycosidic cleavages were observed. Using lithium doping, MS/MS consisted of abundant cross-ring fragments. Seventeen cross-ring fragments were detected across both glycans using lithium-doped ESI. This is the first incorporation of metal doping in IR-MALDESI to achieve cross-ring fragments in MS/MS analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tana V Palomino
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - David C Muddiman
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Lipids are essential cellular components forming membranes, serving as energy reserves, and acting as chemical messengers. Dysfunction in lipid metabolism and signaling is associated with a wide range of diseases including cancer and autoimmunity. Heterogeneity in cell behavior including lipid signaling is increasingly recognized as a driver of disease and drug resistance. This diversity in cellular responses as well as the roles of lipids in health and disease drive the need to quantify lipids within single cells. Single-cell lipid assays are challenging due to the small size of cells (∼1 pL) and the large numbers of lipid species present at concentrations spanning orders of magnitude. A growing number of methodologies enable assay of large numbers of lipid analytes, perform high-resolution spatial measurements, or permit highly sensitive lipid assays in single cells. Covered in this review are mass spectrometry, Raman imaging, and fluorescence-based assays including microscopy and microseparations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; , ,
| | | | - Nancy L Allbritton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; , ,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Palomino TV, Muddiman DC. Predicting Sialic Acid Content of N-Linked Glycans Using the Isotopic Pattern of Chlorine. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023. [PMID: 37289618 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sialic acids play several roles in both physiological and pathological processes; however, due to their labile nature, they are difficult to analyze using mass spectrometry. Previous work has shown that infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI) is able to detect intact sialylated N-linked glycans without the use of chemical derivatization. In this work, we describe a new rule that can predict the number of sialic acids on a glycan. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human kidney tissue was prepared using previously established methods and analyzed using IR-MALDESI in negative-ion mode mass spectrometry. Using the experimental isotopic distribution of a detected glycan, we can predict the number of sialic acids on the glycan; #sialic acids is equal to the charge state minus the number of chlorine adducts, or z - #Cl-. This new rule grants confident glycan annotations and compositions beyond accurate mass measurements, thereby further improving the capability of IR-MALDESI to study sialylated N-linked glycans within biological tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tana V Palomino
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - David C Muddiman
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang MF, Sohn AL, Samal J, Erning K, Segura T, Muddiman DC. Lipidomic Analysis of Mouse Brain to Evaluate the Efficacy and Preservation of Different Tissue Preparatory Techniques by IR-MALDESI-MSI. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:869-877. [PMID: 36988291 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Numerous preparatory methods have been developed to preserve the cellular and structural integrity of various biological tissues for different -omics studies. Herein, two preparatory methods for mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) were evaluated, fresh-frozen and sucrose-embedded, paraformaldehyde (PFA) fixed, in terms of ion abundance, putative lipid identifications, and preservation of analyte spatial distributions. Infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI)-MSI was utilized to compare the preparatory methods of interest with and without the use of the conventional ice matrix. There were 2.5-fold and 1.6-fold more lipid species putatively identified in positive- and negative-ion modes, respectively, for sucrose-embedded, PFA-fixed tissues without an ice matrix relative to the current IR-MALDESI-MSI gold-standard, fresh-frozen tissue preparation with an exogenous ice matrix. Furthermore, sucrose-embedded tissues demonstrated improved spatial distribution of ions resulting from the cryo-protective property of sucrose and paraformaldehyde fixation. Evidence from these investigations supports sucrose-embedding without ice matrix as an alternative preparatory technique for IR-MALDESI-MSI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary F Wang
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Alexandria L Sohn
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Juhi Samal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Kevin Erning
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Tatiana Segura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - David C Muddiman
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Molecular Education, Technology and Research Innovation Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hu R, Li Y, Yang Y, Liu M. Mass spectrometry-based strategies for single-cell metabolomics. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:67-94. [PMID: 34028064 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Single cell analysis has drawn increasing interest from the research community due to its capability to interrogate cellular heterogeneity, allowing refined tissue classification and facilitating novel biomarker discovery. With the advancement of relevant instruments and techniques, it is now possible to perform multiple omics including genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics or even proteomics at single cell level. In comparison with other omics studies, single-cell metabolomics (SCM) represents a significant challenge since it involves many types of dynamically changing compounds with a wide range of concentrations. In addition, metabolites cannot be amplified. Although difficult, considerable progress has been made over the past decade in mass spectrometry (MS)-based SCM in terms of processing technologies and biochemical applications. In this review, we will summarize recent progress in the development of promising MS platforms, sample preparation methods and SCM analysis of various cell types (including plant cell, cancer cell, neuron, embryo cell, and yeast cell). Current limitations and future research directions in the field of SCM will also be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunhuang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Maili Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Caleb Bagley M, Garrard KP, Muddiman DC. The development and application of matrix assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization: The teenage years. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:35-66. [PMID: 34028071 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In the past 15 years, ambient ionization techniques have witnessed a significant incursion into the field of mass spectrometry imaging, demonstrating their ability to provide complementary information to matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization. Matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization is one such technique that has evolved since its first demonstrations with ultraviolet lasers coupled to Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers to extensive use with infrared lasers coupled to orbitrap-based mass spectrometers. Concurrently, there have been transformative developments of this imaging platform due to the high level of control the principal group has retained over the laser technology, data acquisition software (RastirX), instrument communication, and image processing software (MSiReader). This review will discuss the developments of MALDESI since its first laboratory demonstration in 2005 to the most recent advances in 2021.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Caleb Bagley
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kenneth P Garrard
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- The Precision Engineering Consortium, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Molecular Education, Technology, and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - David C Muddiman
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Molecular Education, Technology, and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shi L, Habib A, Bi L, Hong H, Begum R, Wen L. Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Application and Prospective. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022:1-50. [PMID: 36206159 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2124840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) is a formidable analytical tool for the analysis of non-polar to polar compounds individually and/or from mixtures, providing information on the molecular weights and chemical structures of the analytes. During the last more than one-decade, ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) has developed quickly, producing a wide range of platforms and proving scientific improvements in a variety of domains, from biological imaging to quick quality control. These methods have made it possible to detect target analytes in real time without sample preparation in an open environment, and they can be connected to any MS system with an atmospheric pressure interface. They also have the ability to analyze explosives, illicit drugs, disease diagnostics, drugs in biological samples, adulterants in food and agricultural products, reaction progress, and environmental monitoring. The development of novel ambient ionization techniques, such as probe electrospray ionization, paper spray ionization, and fiber spray ionization, employed even at picolitre to femtolitre solution levels to provide femtogram to attogram levels of the target analytes. The special characteristic of this ambient ion source, which has been extensively used, is the noninvasive property of PESI of examination of biological real samples. The results in the current review supports the idea that AIMS has emerged as a pioneer in MS-based approaches and that methods will continue to be developed along with improvements to existing ones in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- China Innovation Instrument Co., Ltd, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ahsan Habib
- China Innovation Instrument Co., Ltd, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Lei Bi
- China Innovation Instrument Co., Ltd, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huanhuan Hong
- China Innovation Instrument Co., Ltd, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rockshana Begum
- Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Luhong Wen
- China Innovation Instrument Co., Ltd, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kibbe RR, Mellinger AL, Muddiman DC. Novel matrix strategies for improved ionization and spatial resolution using IR-MALDESI mass spectrometry imaging. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2022; 57:e4875. [PMID: 35900350 PMCID: PMC9541679 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) applications of infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI), an exogenous ice layer is the gold standard for an energy-absorbing matrix. However, the formation of the ice matrix requires additional time and instrument hardware, so glycerol was investigated herein as an alternative to the ice matrix to potentially improve spatial resolution and ionization, while decreasing experiment time. Glycerol solutions of varying concentrations were sprayed over top of rat liver tissue sections for analysis by IR-MALDESI and compared to the typical ice matrix condition. Additionally, we tested if combining the ice matrix and glycerol matrix would further improve analyses. Matrix conditions were evaluated by comparing ion abundance of six lipid species, the laser ablation spot diameter, and number of METASPACE annotations. The ion abundances were also normalized to the volume of tissue ablated to correct for lower abundance values due to less ablated tissue. It was observed that utilizing a 50% glycerol matrix without ice provides improved spatial resolution with lipid abundances and annotations comparable to the ice matrix standard, while decreasing the time required to complete an IR-MALDESI tissue imaging experiment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Russell R. Kibbe
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of ChemistryNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Allyson L. Mellinger
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of ChemistryNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - David C. Muddiman
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of ChemistryNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
- Molecular Education, Technology and Research Innovation Center (METRIC)North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pace CL, Angel PM, Drake RR, Muddiman DC. Mass Spectrometry Imaging of N-Linked Glycans in a Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Human Prostate by Infrared Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:243-249. [PMID: 34860526 PMCID: PMC9944006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
N-Linked glycans are structurally diverse polysaccharides that represent significant biological relevance due to their involvement in disease progression and cancer. Due to their complex nature, N-linked glycans pose many analytical challenges requiring the continued development of analytical technologies. Infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI) is a hybrid ionization technique commonly used for mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) applications. Previous work demonstrated IR-MALDESI to significantly preserve sialic acid containing N-linked glycans that otherwise require chemical derivatization prior to detection. Here, we demonstrate the first analysis of N-linked glycans in situ by IR-MALDESI MSI. A formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human prostate tissue was analyzed in negative ionization mode after tissue washing, antigen retrieval, and pneumatic application of PNGase F for enzymatic digestion of N-linked glycans. Fifty-three N-linked glycans were confidently identified in the prostate sample where more than 60% contained sialic acid residues. This work demonstrates the first steps in N-linked glycan imaging of biological tissues by IR-MALDESI MSI. Raw data files are available in MassIVE (identifier: MSV000088414).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Crystal L. Pace
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA, 27606
| | - Peggi M. Angel
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA, 29425
| | - Richard R. Drake
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA, 29425
| | - David C. Muddiman
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA, 27606,Molecular Education, Technology and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA 27695,Author for Correspondence: David C. Muddiman, Ph.D., FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Phone: 919-513-0084,
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xi Y, Muddiman DC. Enhancing Metabolomic Coverage in Positive Ionization Mode Using Dicationic Reagents by Infrared Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization. Metabolites 2021; 11:810. [PMID: 34940568 PMCID: PMC8708802 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging is a powerful tool to analyze a large number of metabolites with their spatial coordinates collected throughout the sample. However, the significant differences in ionization efficiency pose a big challenge to metabolomic mass spectrometry imaging. To solve the challenge and obtain a complete data profile, researchers typically perform experiments in both positive and negative ionization modes, which is time-consuming. In this work, we evaluated the use of the dicationic reagent, 1,5-pentanediyl-bis(1-butylpyrrolidinium) difluoride (abbreviated to [C5(bpyr)2]F2) to detect a broad range of metabolites in the positive ionization mode by infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (IR-MALDESI MSI). [C5(bpyr)2]F2 at 10 µM was doped in 50% MeOH/H2O (v/v) electrospray solvent to form +1 charged adducted ions with anionic species (-1 charged) through post-electrospray ionization. This method was demonstrated with sectioned rat liver and hen ovary. A total of 73 deprotonated metabolites from rat liver tissue sections were successfully adducted with [C5(bpyr)2]2+ and putatively identified in the adducted positive ionization polarity, along with 164 positively charged metabolite ions commonly seen in positive ionization mode, which resulted in 44% increased molecular coverage. In addition, we were able to generate images of hen ovary sections showing their morphological features. Following-up tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) indicated that this dicationic reagent [C5(bpyr)2]2+ could form ionic bonds with the headgroup of glycerophospholipid ions. The addition of the dicationic reagent [C5(bpyr)2]2+ in the electrospray solvent provides a rapid and effective way to enhance the detection of metabolites in positive ionization mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xi
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
| | - David C. Muddiman
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
- Molecular Education, Technology and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang L, Xu T, Zhang J, Wong SCC, Ritchie M, Hou HW, Wang Y. Single Cell Metabolite Detection Using Inertial Microfluidics-Assisted Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2021; 93:10462-10468. [PMID: 34289696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell metabolite measurement remains highly challenging due to difficulties related to single cell isolation, metabolite detection, and identification of low levels of metabolites. Here, as a first step of the technological development, we propose a novel strategy integrating spiral inertial microfluidics and ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) for single-cell metabolite detection and identification. Cells in methanol suspension are inertially focused into a single stream in the spiral microchannel. This stream of separated cells is delivered to the nanoelectrospray needle to be lysed and ionized and subsequently analyzed in real time by IM-MS. This analytical system enables six to eight single-cell metabolic fingerprints to be collected per minute, including gas-phase collisional cross section (CCS) measurements as an additional molecular descriptor, giving increased confidence in metabolite identification. As a proof of concept, the metabolic profiles of three types of cancer cells (U2OS, HepG2, and HepG2.215) were successfully screened, and 19 distinct lipids species were identified with CCS value filtering. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) showed differentiation of the three cancer cell lines, mainly due to cellular surface phospholipids. Taken together, our technology platform offers a simple and efficient method for single-cell lipid profiling, with additional ion mobility separation of lipids significantly improving the confidence toward identification of metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leicheng Zhang
- Singapore Phenome Center, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Tengfei Xu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Jingtao Zhang
- Singapore Phenome Center, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | | | - Mark Ritchie
- Waters Pacific Pte Ltd, Science Park 2, 117528 Singapore
| | - Han Wei Hou
- Singapore Phenome Center, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore.,School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Yulan Wang
- Singapore Phenome Center, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tu A, Said N, Muddiman DC. Spatially resolved metabolomic characterization of muscle invasive bladder cancer by mass spectrometry imaging. Metabolomics 2021; 17:70. [PMID: 34287708 PMCID: PMC8893274 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-021-01819-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is an advanced stage of bladder cancer which poses a severe threat to life. Cancer development is usually accompanied by remarkable alterations in cell metabolism, and hence deep insights into MIBC at the metabolomic level can facilitate the understanding of the biochemical mechanisms involved in the cancer development and progression. METHODS In this proof-of-concept study, the optimal cutting temperature (OCT)-embedded MIBC samples were first washed with pure water to remove the polymer compounds which could cause severe signal suppression during mass spectrometry. Further, the tissue sections were analyzed by infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (IR-MALDESI MSI), providing an overview on the spatially resolved metabolomic profiles. RESULTS The MSI data enabled the discrimination between not only the cancerous and normal tissues, but also the subregions within a tissue section associated with different disease states. Using t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE), the hyperdimensional MSI data was mapped into a two-dimensional space to visualize the spectral similarity, providing evidence that metabolomic alterations might have occurred outside the histopathological tumor border. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was further employed to classify sample pathology in a pixel-wise manner, yielding excellent prediction sensitivity and specificity up to 96% based on the statistically characteristic spectral features. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate great promise of IR-MALDESI MSI to identify molecular changes derived from cancer and unveil tumor heterogeneity, which can potentially promote the discovery of clinically relevant biomarkers and allow for applications in precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Tu
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Neveen Said
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Pathology, and Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - David C Muddiman
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
- Molecular Education, Technology and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Taylor M, Lukowski JK, Anderton CR. Spatially Resolved Mass Spectrometry at the Single Cell: Recent Innovations in Proteomics and Metabolomics. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:872-894. [PMID: 33656885 PMCID: PMC8033567 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Biological systems are composed of heterogeneous populations of cells that intercommunicate to form a functional living tissue. Biological function varies greatly across populations of cells, as each single cell has a unique transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome that translates to functional differences within single species and across kingdoms. Over the past decade, substantial advancements in our ability to characterize omic profiles on a single cell level have occurred, including in multiple spectroscopic and mass spectrometry (MS)-based techniques. Of these technologies, spatially resolved mass spectrometry approaches, including mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), have shown the most progress for single cell proteomics and metabolomics. For example, reporter-based methods using heavy metal tags have allowed for targeted MS investigation of the proteome at the subcellular level, and development of technologies such as laser ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LAESI-MS) now mean that dynamic metabolomics can be performed in situ. In this Perspective, we showcase advancements in single cell spatial metabolomics and proteomics over the past decade and highlight important aspects related to high-throughput screening, data analysis, and more which are vital to the success of achieving proteomic and metabolomic profiling at the single cell scale. Finally, using this broad literature summary, we provide a perspective on how the next decade may unfold in the area of single cell MS-based proteomics and metabolomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael
J. Taylor
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Jessica K. Lukowski
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Christopher R. Anderton
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rankin‐Turner S, Heaney LM. Applications of ambient ionization mass spectrometry in 2020: An annual review. ANALYTICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 2:193-212. [PMID: 38716454 PMCID: PMC10989608 DOI: 10.1002/ansa.202000135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Recent developments in mass spectrometry (MS) analyses have seen a concerted effort to reduce the complexity of analytical workflows through the simplification (or removal) of sample preparation and the shortening of run-to-run analysis times. Ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) is an exemplar MS-based technology that has swiftly developed into a popular and powerful tool in analytical science. This increase in interest and demonstrable applications is down to its capacity to enable the rapid analysis of a diverse range of samples, typically in their native state or following a minimalistic sample preparation approach. The field of AIMS is constantly improving and expanding, with developments of powerful and novel techniques, improvements to existing instrumentation, and exciting new applications added with each year that passes. This annual review provides an overview of applications of AIMS techniques over the past year (2020), with a particular focus on the application of AIMS in a number of key fields of research including biomedical sciences, forensics and security, food sciences, the environment, and chemical synthesis. Novel ambient ionization techniques are introduced, including picolitre pressure-probe electrospray ionization and fiber spray ionization, in addition to modifications and improvements to existing techniques such as hand-held devices for ease of use, and USB-powered ion sources for on-site analysis. In all, the information provided in this review supports the view that AIMS has become a leading approach in MS-based analyses and that improvements to existing methods, alongside the development of novel approaches, will continue across the foreseeable future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Rankin‐Turner
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Liam M. Heaney
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershireUK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
The ultimate goal of single-cell analyses is to obtain the biomolecular content for each cell in unicellular and multicellular organisms at different points of their life cycle under variable environmental conditions. These require an assessment of: a) the total number of cells, b) the total number of cell types, and c) the complete and quantitative single molecular detection and identification for all classes of biopolymers, and organic and inorganic compounds, in each individual cell. For proteins, glycans, lipids, and metabolites, whose sequences cannot be amplified by copying as in the case of nucleic acids, the detection limit by mass spectrometry is about 105 molecules. Therefore, proteomic, glycomic, lipidomic, and metabolomic analyses do not yet permit the assembly of the complete single-cell omes. The construction of novel nanoelectrophoretic arrays and nano in microarrays on a single 1-cm-diameter chip has shown proof of concept for a high throughput platform for parallel processing of thousands of individual cells. Combined with dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry, with 3D scanning capability and lateral resolution of 50 nm, the sensitivity of single molecular quantification and identification for all classes of biomolecules could be reached. Further development and routine application of such technological and instrumentation solution would allow assembly of complete omes with a quantitative assessment of structural and functional cellular diversity at the molecular level.
Collapse
|