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Brito IPC, Silva EK. Pulsed electric field technology in vegetable and fruit juice processing: A review. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114207. [PMID: 38609209 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The worldwide market for vegetable and fruit juices stands as a thriving sector with projected revenues reaching to $81.4 billion by 2024 and an anticipated annual growth rate of 5.27% until 2028. Juices offer a convenient means of consuming bioactive compounds and essential nutrients crucial for human health. However, conventional thermal treatments employed in the juice and beverage industry to inactivate spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms, as well as endogenous enzymes, can lead to the degradation of bioactive compounds and vitamins. In response, non-thermal technologies have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional heat processing, with pulsed electric field (PEF) technology standing out as an innovative and sustainable choice. In this context, this comprehensive review investigated the impact of PEF on the microbiological, physicochemical, functional, nutritional, and sensory qualities of vegetable and fruit juices. PEF induces electroporation phenomena in cell membranes, resulting in reversible or irreversible changes. Consequently, a detailed examination of the effects of PEF process variables on juice properties is essential. Monitoring factors such as electric field strength, frequency, pulse width, total treatment time, and specific energy is important to ensure the production of a safe and chemically/kinetically stable product. PEF technology proves effective in microbial and enzymatic inactivation within vegetable and fruit juices, mitigating factors contributing to deterioration while maintaining the physicochemical characteristics of these products. Furthermore, PEF treatment does not compromise the content of substances with functional, nutritional, and sensory properties, such as phenolic compounds and vitamins. When compared to alternative processing methods, such as mild thermal treatments and other non-thermal technologies, PEF treatment consistently demonstrates comparable outcomes in terms of physicochemical attributes, functional properties, nutritional quality, and overall safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuri Procopio Castro Brito
- Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos (FEA), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas-SP CEP:13083-862, Brazil
| | - Eric Keven Silva
- Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos (FEA), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas-SP CEP:13083-862, Brazil.
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Khan MA, Liu DH, Alam SM, Zaman F, Luo Y, Han H, Ateeq M, Liu YZ. Molecular physiology for the increase of soluble sugar accumulation in citrus fruits under drought stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108056. [PMID: 37783072 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism for drought promoting soluble sugar accumulation will be conducive to the enhancement of citrus fruit quality as well as stress tolerance. Fruit sucrose mainly derives from source leaves. Its accumulation in citrus fruit cell vacuole involves in two processes of unloading in the fruit segment membrane (SM) and translocating to the vacuole of fruit juice sacs (JS). Here, transcript levels of 47 sugar metabolism- and transport-related genes were compared in fruit SM or JS between drought and control treatments. Results indicated that transcript levels of cell wall invertase genes (CwINV2/6) and sucrose synthase genes (SUS2/6) in the SM were significantly increased by the drought. Moreover, transcript levels of SWEET genes (CsSWEET1/2/4/5/9) and monosaccharide transporter gene (CsPMT3) were significantly increased in SM under drought treatment. On the other hand, SUS1/3 and vacuolar invertase (VINV) transcript levels were significantly increased in JS by drought; CsPMT4, sucrose transporter gene 2 (CsSUT2), tonoplast monosaccharide transporter gene 2 (CsTMT2), sugar transport protein gene 1 (CsSTP1), two citrus type I V-PPase genes (CsVPP1, and CsVPP2) were also significantly increased in drought treated JS. Collectively, the imposition of drought stress resulted in more soluble sugar accumulation through enhancing sucrose download by enhancing sink strength- and transport ability-related genes, such as CwINV2/6, SUS2/6, CsSWEET1/2/4/5/9, and CsPMT3, in fruit SM, and soluble sugar storage ability by increasing transcript levels of genes, such as CsPMT4, VINV, CsSUT2, CsTMT2, CsSTP1, CsVPP1, and CsVPP2, in fruit JS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abbas Khan
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Dong-Hai Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Shariq Mahmood Alam
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Fatima Zaman
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Yin Luo
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Han Han
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Muhammad Ateeq
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Yong-Zhong Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
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Juices and By-Products of Red-Fleshed Sweet Oranges: Assessment of Bioactive and Nutritional Compounds. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020400. [PMID: 36673492 PMCID: PMC9858198 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The content of nutrients and bioactive compounds, and antioxidant capacity were assessed in the juices from two red-fleshed oranges, Cara Cara and Kirkwood, and compared with that of a standard Navel orange. Two juice extraction procedures, hand-squeezing and industrial, and two treatments, pasteurization (85 °C/30 s) and high-pressure homogenization (HPH, 150 MPa/55 °C/1 min), were evaluated. For most of the nutrients and bioactive compounds, the hand and industrial juice squeezing rendered similar extraction efficiency. Individual composition of carotenoids in the juices were differentially affected by the extraction procedure and the treatments, but the red-fleshed orange juices contained between 3- to 6-times higher total carotenoids than the standard Navel juices, being phytoene and phytofluene the main carotenoids. The industrial and treated juices of both red-fleshed oranges contained 20-30% higher amounts of tocopherols but about 20% lower levels of vitamin C than Navel juices. Navel juices exhibited higher hydrophilic antioxidant capacity, while the red-fleshed orange juices showed an improved lipophilic antioxidant capacity. The main distinctive characteristic of the industrial juice by-product of the red-fleshed oranges was a higher content of carotenoids (×10) and singlet oxygen antioxidant capacity (×1.5-2) than the Navel by-product.
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Mo X, Chen C, Riaz M, Moussa MG, Chen X, Wu S, Tan Q, Sun X, Zhao X, Shi L, Hu C. Fruit Characteristics of Citrus Trees Grown under Different Soil Cu Levels. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2943. [PMID: 36365397 PMCID: PMC9657546 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the increased soil copper (Cu) on fruit quality due to the overuse of Cu agents have been a hot social issue. Seven representative citrus orchards in Guangxi province, China, were investigated to explore the fruit quality characteristics under different soil Cu levels and the relationship between soil-tree Cu and fruit quality. These results showed that pericarp color a value, titratable acid (TA), and vitamin C (Vc) were higher by 90.0, 166.6, and 22.4% in high Cu orchards and by 50.5, 204.2, and 55.3% in excess Cu orchards, compared with optimum Cu orchards. However, the ratio of total soluble solids (TSS)/TA was lower by 68.7% in high Cu orchards and by 61.6% in excess Cu orchards. With the increase of soil Cu concentrations, pericarp color a value and Vc were improved, TA with a trend of rising first then falling, and TSS/TA with a trend of falling first then rising were recorded. As fruit Cu increased, pericarp color a value and TSS reduced and as leaf Cu increased, TSS/TA decreased while Vc was improved. Moreover, a rise in soil Cu enhanced leaf Cu accumulation, and a rise in leaf Cu improved fruit Cu accumulation. Fruit Cu accumulation reduced fruit quality by direct effects, leaf Cu improved fruit quality by direct and indirect effects. Soil Cu affected fruit quality by indirect effects by regulating leaf Cu and fruit Cu. Therefore, reasonable regulation and control of soil Cu concentrations can effectively increase pericarp color, sugar, and acid accumulation in citrus fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Mo
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| | - Chuanwu Chen
- Guangxi Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Specialty Commercial Crops in North Guangxi, Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Mohamed G. Moussa
- Soil and Water Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 13759, Egypt
| | - Xiangling Chen
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Songwei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiling Tan
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xuecheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Libiao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chengxiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Liao L, Li S, Li Y, Huang Z, Li J, Xiong B, Zhang M, Sun G, Wang Z. Pre- or Post-Harvest Treatment with MeJA Improves Post-Harvest Storage of Lemon Fruit by Stimulating the Antioxidant System and Alleviating Chilling Injury. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2840. [PMID: 36365293 PMCID: PMC9655630 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cold storage preserves lemon fruit quality; however, it can result in significant chilling injury (CI). The effects of pre- and post-harvest methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatments at four concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 mM) on CI and sensory quality of lemons during 80 d of storage at 7-10 °C were investigated. Both pre- and post-harvest MeJA treatments reduced CI, weight loss (WL) and maintained higher firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), and total acidity (TA) than in the controls. Antioxidant enzyme activities decreased in the control fruit but increased in both pre- and post-harvest MeJA-treated fruit. In addition, phospholipase D (PLD) and lipoxygenase (LOX) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were higher in the control than in the MeJA-treated fruit. Pre-harvest MeJA treatment generally preserved fruit better than post-harvest MeJA treatment, with the best results observed when MeJA was applied at 0.3 mM, which enhanced the antioxidant system of the lemon fruits, thus reducing the post-harvest incidence of chilling injury. These results have important implications for improved fruit quality post-harvest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liao
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Sichen Li
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400700, China
| | - Yunjie Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zehao Huang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiahao Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bo Xiong
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mingfei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Guochao Sun
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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da Silva APG, Sganzerla WG, Jacomino AP, da Silva EP, Xiao J, Simal-Gandara J. Chemical composition, bioactive compounds, and perspectives for the industrial formulation of health products from uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis Cambess – Myrtaceae): A comprehensive review. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Viera W, Shinohara T, Samaniego I, Sanada A, Terada N, Ron L, Suárez-Tapia A, Koshio K. Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Passiflora spp. Germplasm Grown in Ecuador. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11030328. [PMID: 35161309 PMCID: PMC8838848 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Tropical fruits are in high demand for their flavor and for their functional composition because these compounds are considered nutraceuticals. Passion fruit production is of economic importance to Ecuador; however, several Passiflora species are grown and each has to be analyzed to identify their phytochemical composition. In this study, the polyphenol, flavonoid, carotenoid, vitamin C, sugar and organic acid contents were determined. Six different Passiflora spp. germplasms were analyzed, coming from Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa, Passiflora alata, Passiflora edulis f. edulis and unidentified Passiflora species (local germplasm). Measurement techniques included reflectometry for vitamin C, spectrophotometry for antioxidant compounds and HPLC for sugars and organic acids. Data were analyzed by principal component analysis, correlation and analysis of variance. Results showed that INIAP 2009 and P10 showed a high amount of polyphenols, antioxidant activity and citric content. Sweet passion fruit had the lowest vitamin C content while Gulupa showed the highest content. In terms of the local germplasm, POR1 showed the lowest content of flavonoids while PICH1 had high flavonoid and carotenoid content. Polyphenols were the main compounds that influenced antioxidant activity. This phytochemical information adds value to passion fruit as a nutraceutical source.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Viera
- Faculty of International Agriculture and Food Studies, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Sakura gaoka 1-1-1, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan or (W.V.); (T.S.); (A.S.); (N.T.); (K.K.)
- Fruit Program, Tumbaco Experimental Farm, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INIAP), Av. Interoaceánica km 15 and Eloy Alfaro, Tumbaco 170902, Ecuador;
| | - Takashi Shinohara
- Faculty of International Agriculture and Food Studies, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Sakura gaoka 1-1-1, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan or (W.V.); (T.S.); (A.S.); (N.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Iván Samaniego
- Fruit Program, Tumbaco Experimental Farm, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INIAP), Av. Interoaceánica km 15 and Eloy Alfaro, Tumbaco 170902, Ecuador;
| | - Atsushi Sanada
- Faculty of International Agriculture and Food Studies, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Sakura gaoka 1-1-1, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan or (W.V.); (T.S.); (A.S.); (N.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Naoki Terada
- Faculty of International Agriculture and Food Studies, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Sakura gaoka 1-1-1, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan or (W.V.); (T.S.); (A.S.); (N.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Lenin Ron
- Zoonosis International Center, Universidad Central del Ecuador (UCE), Quito 170521, Ecuador;
| | - Alfonso Suárez-Tapia
- Graduate School of Agroindustry and Food Science, Universidad de las Américas (UDLA), Quito 170503, Ecuador
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +593-996-759-124
| | - Kaihei Koshio
- Faculty of International Agriculture and Food Studies, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Sakura gaoka 1-1-1, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan or (W.V.); (T.S.); (A.S.); (N.T.); (K.K.)
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Drábová L, Mráz P, Krátký F, Uttl L, Vacková P, Schusterova D, Zadražilová B, Kadlec V, Kocourek V, Hajšlová J. Assessment of pesticide residues in citrus fruit on the Czech market. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 39:311-319. [PMID: 34871518 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.2001579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
When assessing citrus fruit quality, besides natural health-promoting compounds, attention also has to be paid to residues of chemicals used to protect fruit against various pests. A set of 49 samples of different types of citrus fruits collected at the Czech market were analysed for 460 pesticide residues using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS methods. While no residues were detected in citruses from organic farming, altogether 38 various pesticide residues were detected in conventional production samples. Buprofezin in two grapefruit samples and fenbutatin oxide in one tangerine sample exceeded maximum residue limits (MRLs). Depending on the pesticide group, 10-70% of residues were found in pulp, this means that their processing factors calculated for peeling are in the range of 0.02-0.76. In the case of a beverage prepared from unpeeled lemon slices, the transfer of residues from contaminated fruit into infusion was, depending on the beverage type and processing conditions, in the range of 8-61%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Drábová
- Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Mráz
- Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - František Krátký
- Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Leoš Uttl
- Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Vacková
- Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Schusterova
- Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Zadražilová
- Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Kadlec
- Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Kocourek
- Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Hajšlová
- Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Physicochemical Changes, Peel Colour, and Juice Attributes of Blood Orange Cultivars Stored at Different Temperatures. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7090320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Changes in physicochemical traits, peel colour, and juice attributes of four blood orange cultivars (‘Moro’, ‘Tarocco’, ‘Sanguinello’, and ‘Sanguine’) were evaluated during 180 days at 2 and 5 °C plus 2 days at 20 °C for shelf life. ‘Tarocco’ had the lowest weight and firmness losses at both temperatures during storage. Titratable acidity (TA) at 5 °C was higher than 2 °C, with ‘Sanguinello’ and ‘Tarocco’ showing the highest and lowest TA, respectively. Juice content decreased during storage at both temperatures, although ‘Sanguinello’ had the highest juice content among the tested cultivars. Peel colour parameters including L* (lightness), b*, hue angle (h°), and chroma (C*) decreased during cold storage, while a* and citrus colour index (CCI) increased in all cultivars at both temperatures. The order for CCI was ‘Tarocco’ > ‘Moro’ > ‘Sanguinello’ > ‘Sanguine’. Overall, prolonged storage at 5 °C was considered as optimum temperature for all cultivars, although ‘Sanguinello’ cultivar had a better aptitude for the citrus juice industry.
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Wei QJ, Ma QL, Zhou GF, Liu X, Ma ZZ, Gu QQ. Identification of genes associated with soluble sugar and organic acid accumulation in 'Huapi' kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle) via transcriptome analysis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:4321-4331. [PMID: 33417244 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The levels and ratios of sugar and acid are important contributors to fruit taste. Kumquat is one of the most economically important citrus crops, but information on the soluble sugar and organic acid metabolism in kumquat is limited. Here, two kumquat varieties - 'Rongan' (RA) and its mutant 'Huapi' (HP) - were used to assess soluble sugar and organic acid accumulation and the related genes. RESULTS Soluble sugars include sucrose, glucose and fructose, while malate, quinic acid and citrate are the dominant organic acids in the fruits of both kumquat varieties. HP accumulated more sugars but fewer organic acids than did RA. Transcriptome analysis revealed 63 and 40 differentially expressed genes involved in soluble sugar and organic acid accumulation, respectively. The genes associated with sugar synthesis and transport, including SUS, SPS, TST, STP and ERD6L, were up-regulated, whereas INVs, FRK and HXK genes related to sugar degradation were down-regulated in HP kumquat. For organic acids, the up-regulation of PEPC and NAD-MDH could accelerate malate accumulation. In contrast, high expression of NAD-IDH and GS resulted in citric acid degradation during HP fruit development. Additionally, the PK, PDH, PEPCK and FBPase genes responsible for the interconversion of soluble sugars and organic acids were also significantly altered in the early development stages in HP. CONCLUSION The high sugar accumulation in HP fruit was associated with up-regulation of SUS, SPS, TST, STP and ERD6L genes. The PEPCK, PEPC, NAD-MDH, NADP-IDH, GS and FBPase genes played important roles in acid synthesis and degradation in HP kumquat. These findings provide further insight into understanding the mechanisms underlying metabolism of sugars and organic acids in citrus. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Jiang Wei
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiao-Li Ma
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Gao-Feng Zhou
- National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhang-Zheng Ma
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qing-Qing Gu
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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Assessment of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of Citrus reticulata peel extracts in hyperglycemic/hypoglycemic rats. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:167. [PMID: 33816044 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02717-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism. The management of Diabetes mellitus with phytochemicals is hallmark of this research. Citrus species are known for their health benefits and are used as traditional food in South East Asia. The total phenolic content of peels was analyzed using different solvents, while Gallic acid was used as standard. Both ethanolic, aqueous extracts of Citrus reticulata peel showed good inhibitory activity against amylase (90.67%, 15.33%) and moderate against glucosidase (70.8%, 14.8%), respectively. Sixteen rats were randomly divided into four groups (G1, G2, G3, and G4); G1 is a negative control (water), G4 is a positive control (Acarbose), while other two are experimental groups like G2 (fed with 100 mL and 20 mg/mL in hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic trials) and G3 fed with 200 mL and 40 mg/mL in hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic trials. A significant effect of treatments and value of time was found in hyperglycemic rats. Ethanolic extract showed a significant reduction in blood glucose levels in hypoglycemic (overnight fasting) rats which was comparable to the positive control. These results suggest that C. reticulata peels can contribute as a useful food ingredient as a potential antihyperglycemic agent in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus. In future, C. reticulata peel will be a good candidate for pharmaceutical industry.
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Sun H, Wang X, Cao X, Liu C, Liu S, Lyu D, Du G. Chemical composition and biological activities of peels and flesh from ten pear cultivars (Pyrus ussuriensis). JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00743-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Cautela D, De Sio F, Balestrieri ML, Casale R, Laratta B, Castaldo D, Pastore A, Servillo L, DʼOnofrio N. Amino acids, betaines and related ammonium compounds in Neapolitan limmo, a Mediterranean sweet lime, also known as lemoncetta Locrese. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:981-988. [PMID: 32761816 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The so-called 'Neapolitan limmo' or 'lemoncetta Locrese' is an old and now rare Mediterranean sweet lime, similar to lemon but smaller. It is a fruit distinguished from orange, lemon, mandarin, and lime for its sweeter, watery, and non-acidic taste, with a pH between 5.6 and 5.9. No compositional studies are currently available for this citrus fruit. Here we report, for the first time, the distribution in the limmo juice of free amino acids and their main derivatives such as betaines and related ammonium compounds. RESULTS Seven proteinogenic amino acids (proline, asparagine, serine, aspartic acid, glutamine, alanine, and threonine) and a non-protein amino acid (γ-aminobutyric acid) characterize Neapolitan limmo juice. Proline betaine is the predominant betaine. The data were compared with those of other important citrus juices. CONCLUSION The specific 'taste quality' of Neapolitan limmo juice can be attributed to its peculiar composition in amino acids. The species-specific presence of the ammonium compound derivatives of the amino acid proline, with proline betaine as the predominant betaine, characterize the non-acidic varieties of Mediterranean sweet lime. Our study constitutes an important step towards the repopulation of this ancient plant and its exploitation in food industry. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Cautela
- Stazione Sperimentale per le Industrie delle Essenze e dei Derivati dagli Agrumi (SSEA) - Azienda Speciale CCIAA di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Francesco De Sio
- Stazione Sperimentale per le Industrie delle Conserve Alimentari (SSICA) - Fondazione di Ricerca CCIAA di Parma, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Casale
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Bruna Laratta
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Castaldo
- Stazione Sperimentale per le Industrie delle Essenze e dei Derivati dagli Agrumi (SSEA) - Azienda Speciale CCIAA di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e ProdALscarl, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Salerno, Italy
- Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico (MiSE), Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pastore
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Luigi Servillo
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia DʼOnofrio
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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14
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Quality Parameters of Spanish Lemons with Commercial Interest. Foods 2020; 10:foods10010062. [PMID: 33383929 PMCID: PMC7824522 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Spanish Mediterranean region concentrates the largest producers of lemons (Citrus limon Burm. f.) at the national level where the 98.4% of the cultivated area of lemons corresponds to the varieties "Verna" and "Fino". In this study, the morphological and chemical variations of the fruits obtained in five variety/rootstock combinations were investigated in order to determine the influence and impact of the rootstock on the physicochemical properties of the fruits. The assay was carried out using three lemon varieties ("Fino 95", "Fino 49" and "Verna") grafted onto two different rootstocks (Citrus macrophylla and Citrus aurantium). The varieties were selected due to be consolidated commercial varieties, while the rootstocks are the most commonly used in the world. Both the morphological characteristics of the fruits (colour, weight, size) as well as their physicochemical characteristics (total soluble solids, titratable acidity, maturity index, antioxidant activity, sugars, and organic acids) were evaluated. Based on the results, the lemons with the best physicochemical and the best compositional characteristics were obtained in the "Fino 95" and "Fino 49" lemons grafted onto C. aurantium rootstock presented the highest quality fruits.
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Habibi F, Ramezanian A, Guillén F, Castillo S, Serrano M, Valero D. Changes in Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Activity, and Nutritional Quality of Blood Orange Cultivars at Different Storage Temperatures. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1016. [PMID: 33092024 PMCID: PMC7589990 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9101016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Information about the postharvest physiological behavior of blood orange cultivars can provide comprehensive insight into the best period of storage to maintain the highest fruit quality during prolonged cold storage. In this paper, changes in nutritional quality, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant enzymes in the juice of four blood orange cultivars ("Moro", "Tarocco", "Sanguinello", and "Sanguine") stored at 2 and 5 °C were studied. Parameters were measured after 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 days, plus 2 days at 20 °C for shelf life. Sucrose was the sugar found in higher concentrations and decreased during storage in all cultivars, as did glucose and fructose. Organic acids decreased at both temperatures, with the highest content found in "Sanguinello", especially major (citric acid) and ascorbic acid. Total phenolics content (TPC), total anthocyanins (TAC), and individual cyanidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin 3-(6″-malonylglucoside) increased for all cultivars, with "Sanguinello" having higher concentrations. The antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also higher in "Sanguinello" and increased during storage. Overall, these results together with the sensory analysis suggested that "Sanguinello" would be the best cultivar for prolonged storage. The results of this study could be useful to select the best storage duration and temperature for each cultivar and provide the presence of such a high-value commodity for fresh consumption or juice processing long after the harvest season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariborz Habibi
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71441-65186, Iran; (F.H.); (A.R.)
- Department of Food Technology, University Miguel Hernández. Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (F.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Asghar Ramezanian
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71441-65186, Iran; (F.H.); (A.R.)
| | - Fabián Guillén
- Department of Food Technology, University Miguel Hernández. Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (F.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Salvador Castillo
- Department of Food Technology, University Miguel Hernández. Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (F.G.); (S.C.)
| | - María Serrano
- Department of Applied Biology, University Miguel Hernández. Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain;
| | - Daniel Valero
- Department of Food Technology, University Miguel Hernández. Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (F.G.); (S.C.)
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16
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Serna-Escolano V, Martínez-Romero D, Giménez MJ, Serrano M, García-Martínez S, Valero D, Valverde JM, Zapata PJ. Enhancing antioxidant systems by preharvest treatments with methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid leads to maintain lemon quality during cold storage. Food Chem 2020; 338:128044. [PMID: 32932092 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The effects of preharvest treatments with 0.1 mM methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and 0.5 mM salicylic acid (SA) on quality parameters of lemon fruit and their relationship with antioxidant systems, gene expression and bioactive compounds at harvest and during cold storage were evaluated. Results showed that total antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and the major individual phenolics (hesperidin and eriocitrin) were always higher in treated fruit than in controls. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase was also increased at harvest by SA and MeJA treatments, especially the last enzyme, for which the expression of its codifying gene was also enhanced. In addition, treated fruit had lower weight and firmness losses, respiration rate and production of ethylene than controls. Moreover, sugars and organic acids were maintained at higher concentration in flavedo and juice as a consequence of preharvest SA and MeJA treatments, showing an effect on maintaining fruit quality properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Serna-Escolano
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Domingo Martínez-Romero
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - María J Giménez
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - María Serrano
- Department of Applied Biology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Santiago García-Martínez
- Department of Applied Biology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Daniel Valero
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan M Valverde
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Pedro J Zapata
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain.
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17
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Zhu C, Lu Q, Zhou X, Li J, Yue J, Wang Z, Pan S. Metabolic variations of organic acids, amino acids, fatty acids and aroma compounds in the pulp of different pummelo varieties. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Hussain SB, Guo LX, Shi CY, Khan MA, Bai YX, Du W, Liu YZ. Assessment of sugar and sugar accumulation-related gene expression profiles reveal new insight into the formation of low sugar accumulation trait in a sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) bud mutant. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2781-2791. [PMID: 32212013 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05387-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The accumulation of soluble sugars in fleshy fruits largely determines their sweetness or taste. A spontaneous sweet orange mutant 'Hong Anliu' (HAL, Citrus sinensis) accumulates low soluble sugar content in fruit juice sacs than its wild type, 'Anliu' (AL) orange; however, the cause of reduced sugar content in 'HAL' fruit remains unclear. In this study, sugar content and expression profiles of genes involved in sugar metabolism and transport were compared between 'HAL' and 'AL' fruit juice sacs. In both cultivars, fructose and glucose displayed the increasing trends with significantly lower contents in 'HAL' than 'AL' after 160 DAF; moreover, sucrose had a declining trend in 'HAL' and increasing trend in 'AL' with fruit development. On the other hand, transcript levels of VINV, CWINV1, CWINV2, SUS4, SUS5, SPS1, SPS2, VPP-1, VPP-2, and some sugar transporter genes were significantly decreased in 'HAL' compared with 'AL' after 100 DAF or 160 DAF. Interestingly, the transcript levels of SPS2 and SUT2 exhibited a similar trend as it was found for sucrose content in both cultivars. These results suggested that the low sugar accumulation in 'HAL' fruit JS is accompanied by the reduced sink strength, sucrose-synthesis ability, and vacuolar storage ability compared with 'AL'; reduction of CWINVs, VINV, SPS2, SUT2, VPP-1, and VPP-2 transcript levels possibly plays a key role in the low storage of soluble sugars in the vacuoles of mutant juice sacs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Bilal Hussain
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Xia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Yun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Abbas Khan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Xing Bai
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Zhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China. .,College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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19
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The Ancient Neapolitan Sweet Lime and the Calabrian Lemoncetta Locrese Belong to the Same Citrus Species. Molecules 2019; 25:molecules25010113. [PMID: 31892208 PMCID: PMC6983237 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
"Neapolitan limmo" is an ancient and rare sweet Mediterranean lime, now almost extinct but used until a few decades ago for the production of a fragrant liqueur called the "four citrus fruits". The objective of this work was to compare, through the use of chemical (flavonoids, volatile organic compounds, and chiral compounds) and molecular (DNA fingerprint based on RAPD-PCR) markers, the residual population of Neapolitan limmo with other populations of sweet limes, identified in Calabria and known as "lemoncetta Locrese". We report for the first time specific botanical characteristics of the two fruits and unequivocally show that the ancient sweet Mediterranean limes Neapolitan limmo and lemoncetta Locrese are synonyms of the same Citrus species. Owing to the biodiversity conserved in their places of origin, it will now be possible to recover, enhance and implement the use of this ancient sweet lime for agro-industrial purposes.
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20
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Serna-Escolano V, Valverde JM, García-Pastor ME, Valero D, Castillo S, Guillén F, Martínez-Romero D, Zapata PJ, Serrano M. Pre-harvest methyl jasmonate treatments increase antioxidant systems in lemon fruit without affecting yield or other fruit quality parameters. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:5035-5043. [PMID: 30980534 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jasmonic acid (JA) and its volatile derivative methyl jasmonate (MeJA) are hormones involved in the regulation of many processes in plants and act (when applied as a post- or pre-harvest treatment) to increase fruit bioactive compounds with antioxidant potential. However, there is no literature available regarding the effect of pre-harvest MeJA treatment on lemon fruit antioxidant systems, which was the aim of the present study. RESULTS MeJA treatment (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mmol L-1 ) increased antioxidant compounds, such as phenolics, in the juice and flavedo of 'Fino' and 'Verna' lemons at harvest, with the most effective concentration being 0.1 mmol L-1 in both cultivars. In addition, catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities were also increased by MeJA treatment, with the highest increases being also found with 0.1 mmol L-1 . The increases in APX and CAT were maintained from one treatment to another during fruit development on the tree, whereas the increase on POD disappeared after 8-10 days of each treatment. For both antioxidant systems, the highest increases were found in lemon harvested at the commercial ripening stage. By contrast, crop yield, fruit ripening process and quality parameters were generally not affected by MeJA treatment. CONCLUSION Preharvest MeJA treatment could be a useful tool for increasing antioxidant potential and the health beneficial effects of lemon fruit consumption, given the relationship between these properties and phenolic content. Moreover, the increased concentration of phenolics and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the flavedo of MeJA treated fruit could increase lemon tolerance to chilling injury and decay during postharvest storage. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan M Valverde
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Daniel Valero
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Salvador Castillo
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Fabián Guillén
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Pedro J Zapata
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Maria Serrano
- Department of Applied Biology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
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21
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Wang Y, Ji S, Zang W, Wang N, Cao J, Li X, Sun C. Identification of phenolic compounds from a unique citrus species, finger lime (Citrus australasica) and their inhibition of LPS-induced NO-releasing in BV-2 cell line. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 129:54-63. [PMID: 30978372 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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22
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Batista-Silva W, Nascimento VL, Medeiros DB, Nunes-Nesi A, Ribeiro DM, Zsögön A, Araújo WL. Modifications in Organic Acid Profiles During Fruit Development and Ripening: Correlation or Causation? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1689. [PMID: 30524461 PMCID: PMC6256983 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The pivotal role of phytohormones during fruit development and ripening is considered established knowledge in plant biology. Perhaps less well-known is the growing body of evidence suggesting that organic acids play a key function in plant development and, in particular, in fruit development, maturation and ripening. Here, we critically review the connection between organic acids and the development of both climacteric and non-climacteric fruits. By analyzing the metabolic content of different fruits during their ontogenetic trajectory, we noticed that the content of organic acids in the early stages of fruit development is directly related to the supply of substrates for respiratory processes. Although different organic acid species can be found during fruit development in general, it appears that citrate and malate play major roles in this process, as they accumulate on a broad range of climacteric and non-climacteric fruits. We further highlight the functional significance of changes in organic acid profile in fruits due to either the manipulation of fruit-specific genes or the use of fruit-specific promoters. Despite the complexity behind the fluctuation in organic acid content during fruit development and ripening, we extend our understanding on the importance of organic acids on fruit metabolism and the need to further boost future research. We suggest that engineering organic acid metabolism could improve both qualitative and quantitative traits of crop fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willian Batista-Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Max-Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Vitor L. Nascimento
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Max-Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - David B. Medeiros
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Max-Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Dimas M. Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Agustín Zsögön
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Wagner L. Araújo
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Max-Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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