1
|
Chen C, Cao J, Zhang T, Zhang H, Shi Q, Li X, Wang L, Tian J, Huang G, Wang Y, Zhao L. Alterations in corpus callosum subregions morphology and functional connectivity in patients with adult-onset hypothyroidism. Brain Res 2024:149110. [PMID: 38964705 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain abnormalities have been reported in the corpus callosum (CC) of patients with adult-onset hypothyroidism. However, no study has directly compared CC-specific morphological or functional alterations among subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), overt hypothyroidism (OH), and healthy controls (HC). Moreover, the association of CC alterations with cognition and emotion is not well understood. METHODS Demographic data, clinical variables, neuropsychological scores, and MRI data of 152 participants (60 SCH, 37 OH, and 55 HC) were collected. This study investigated the clinical performance, morphological and functional changes of CC subregions across three groups. Moreover, a correlation analysis was performed to explore potential relationships between these factors. RESULTS Compared to HC, SCH and OH groups exhibited lower cognitive scores and higher depressive/anxious scores. Notably, rostrum and rostral body volume of CC was larger in the SCH group. Functional connectivity between rostral body, anterior midbody and the right precentral and dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus were increased in the SCH group. In contrast, the SCH and OH groups exhibited a decline in functional connectivity between splenium and the right angular gyrus. Within the SCH group, rostrum volume demonstrated a negative correlation with Montreal Cognitive Assessment and visuospatial/executive scores, while displaying a positive correlation with 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores. In the OH group, rostral body volume exhibited a negative correlation with serum thyroid stimulating hormone levels, while a positive correlation with serum total thyroxine and free thyroxine levels. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that patients with different stages of adult-onset hypothyroidism may exhibit different patterns of CC abnormalities. These findings offer new insights into the neuropathophysiological mechanisms in hypothyroidism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jiancang Cao
- Department of Radiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Taotao Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Huiyan Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China.
| | - Qian Shi
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Xiaotao Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Liting Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jinghe Tian
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Radiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510000, China.
| | - Lianping Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Department of Radiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Boeri S, Bodria M, Ammendola RM, Giacomini T, Tortora D, Nobili L, Malacarne M, Rossi A, Verrina E, Piaggio G, Mancardi MM, Severino M. Brain and spine malformations and neurodevelopmental disorders in a cohort of children with CAKUT. Pediatr Nephrol 2024; 39:2115-2129. [PMID: 38376554 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-024-06289-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) represent 20-30% of all birth defects and are often associated with extra-renal malformations. We investigated the frequency of brain/spine malformations and neurological features in children with CAKUT. METHODS We reviewed the clinico-radiological and genetic data of 199 out of 1,165 children with CAKUT evaluated from 2006 to 2023 (99 males, mean age at MRI 6.4 years) who underwent brain and/or spine MRI. Patients were grouped according to the type of CAKUT (CAKUT-K involving the kidney and CAKUT-H involving the inferior urinary tract). Group comparisons were performed using χ2 and Fisher exact tests. RESULTS Brain/spine malformations were observed in 101/199 subjects (50.7%), 8.6% (101/1165) of our CAKUT population, including midbrain-hindbrain anomalies (40/158, 25.3%), commissural malformations (36/158, 22.7%), malformation of cortical development (23/158, 14.5%), Chiari I anomaly (12/199, 6%), cranio-cervical junction malformations (12/199, 6%), vertebral defects (46/94, 48.9%), caudal regression syndrome (29/94, 30.8%), and other spinal dysraphisms (13/94, 13.8%). Brain/spine malformations were more frequent in the CAKUT-K group (62.4%, p < 0.001). Sixty-two subjects (62/199, 31.2%) had developmental delay/intellectual disability. Neurological examination was abnormal in 40/199 (20.1%). Seizures and/or electroencephalographic anomalies were reported in 28/199 (14%) and behavior problems in 19/199 subjects (9%). Developmental delay/intellectual disability was more frequent in kidney dysplasia (65.2%) and agenesis (40.7%) (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We report a relative high frequency of brain/spine malformations and neurodevelopmental disorders in children with CAKUT who underwent MRI examinations in a tertiary referral center, widening the spectrum of anomalies associated with this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Boeri
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health Department of Neuroscience (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Monica Bodria
- Unit of Nephrology and Kidney Transplant, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Ammendola
- Radiology Unit, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Della Brianza, Monza, Italy
| | - Thea Giacomini
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 3, Genoa, Italy
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Domenico Tortora
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Largo G Gaslini, 5, 16147, Genova, Italy
| | - Lino Nobili
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health Department of Neuroscience (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Largo G Gaslini, 5, 16147, Genova, Italy
| | - Michela Malacarne
- Human Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 3, Genoa, Italy
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Enrico Verrina
- Unit of Nephrology and Kidney Transplant, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Piaggio
- Unit of Nephrology and Kidney Transplant, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Margherita Mancardi
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Largo G Gaslini, 5, 16147, Genova, Italy.
| | - Mariasavina Severino
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 3, Genoa, Italy
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li S, Zhu Y, Lai H, Da X, Liao T, Liu X, Deng F, Chen L. Increased prevalence of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia in Parkinson's disease and its effect on white matter microstructure and network. Neuroreport 2024; 35:627-637. [PMID: 38813904 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000002046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and analyze its role in gray matter changes, white matter (WM) microstructure and network alterations in PD. This is a cross-sectional study including 341 PD patients. Prevalence of VBD in these PD patients was compared with general population. Diffusion tensor imaging and T1-weighted imaging analysis were performed among 174 PD patients with or without VBD. Voxel-based morphometry analysis was used to estimate gray matter volume changes. Tract-based spatial statistics and region of interest-based analysis were used to evaluate WM microstructure changes. WM network analysis was also performed. Significantly higher prevalence of VBD in PD patients was identified compared with general population. Lower fractional anisotropy and higher diffusivity, without significant gray matter involvement, were found in PD patients with VBD in widespread areas. Decreased global and local efficiency, increased hierarchy, decreased degree centrality at left Rolandic operculum, increased betweenness centrality at left postcentral gyrus and decreased average connectivity strength between and within several modules were identified in PD patients with VBD. VBD is more prevalent in PD patients than general population. Widespread impairments in WM microstructure and WM network involving various motor and nonmotor PD symptom-related areas are more prominent in PD patients with VBD compared with PD patients without VBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sichen Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Erdemli Gürsel B, Ercan İ, Şahin İ, Öngen G. Morphometric Shape Analysis of Corpus Callosum in Children With Down Syndrome. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2024; 63:815-821. [PMID: 37650518 DOI: 10.1177/00099228231196933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by varying degrees of mental retardation and delay in neurocognitive functions. Herein, we analyzed the morphometric shape of the corpus callosum (CC) in children with DS. Twenty-three DS cases underwent magnetic resonance imaging and have grossly normal CC, and 23 control group cases were included in this retrospective study (2012-2020). The CC was obtained from T2-weighted mid-sagittal images, and certain anatomical points were marked on the CC. Statistical geometric shapes and deformations of CC were evaluated for both groups. The age range of patients with DS and control group was 6 to 42 months. A statistically significant difference was found in the shape of CC between the groups (P < .001). Deformation was most evident in the splenium in the DS group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Başak Erdemli Gürsel
- Department of Radiology, Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - İlker Ercan
- Department of Biostatistics, Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Şahin
- Department of Biostatistics, Bursa Uludağ University Institute of Health Sciences, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Öngen
- Department of Radiology, Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mappa I, Marra MC, Pietrolucci ME, Angela Lu JL, D'Antonio F, Rizzo G. Effects of umbilical vein flow on midbrain growth and cortical development in late onset fetal growth restricted fetuses: a prospective cross-sectional study. J Perinat Med 2024; 52:423-428. [PMID: 38296222 DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2023-0487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate midbrain growth, including corpus callusum (CC) and cerebellar vermis (CV) and cortical development in late fetal growth restricted (FGR) subclassified according to the umbilical vein blood flow (UVBF) values. METHODS This was a prospective study on singleton fetuses late FGR with abnormal placental cerebral ratio (PCR). FGR fetuses were further subdivided into normal (≥fifth centile) and abnormal ( RESULTS The study cohort included 60 late FGR, 31 with normal UVBF/AC and 29 with abnormal UVBF/AC values. The latter group showed significant differences in CC (median (interquartile range (IQR) normal 0.96 (0.73-1.16) vs. abnormal UVBF/AC 0.60 (0.47-0.87); p<0.0001)), CV (normal 1.04 (0.75-1.26) vs. abnormal UVBF (AC 0.76 (0.62-1.18)); p=0.0319), SF (normal 0.83 (0.74-0.93) vs. abnormal UVBF/AC 0.56 (0.46-0.68); p<0.0001), POF (normal 0.80 (0.71-0.90) vs. abnormal UVBF/AC l 0.49 (0.39-0.90); p≤0.0072) and CF (normal 0.83 (0.56-1.01) vs. abnormal UVBF/AC 0.72 (0.53-0.80); p<0.029). CONCLUSIONS Late onset FGR fetuses with of reduced umbilical vein flow showed shorter CC and CV length and a delayed cortical development when compared to those with normal umbilical vein hemodynamics. These findings support the existence of a link between abnormal brain development and changes in umbilical vein circulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Mappa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Marra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Pietrolucci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Jia Li Angela Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco D'Antonio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università di Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rizzo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università di Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guillou J, Duprez J, Nabbout R, Kaminska A, Napuri S, Gomes C, Kuchenbuch M, Sauleau P. Interhemispheric coherence of EEG rhythms in children: Maturation and differentiation in corpus callosum dysgenesis. Neurophysiol Clin 2024; 54:102981. [PMID: 38703488 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2024.102981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the evolution of interhemispheric coherences (ICo) in background and spindle frequency bands during childhood and use it to identify individuals with corpus callosum dysgenesis (CCd). METHODS A monocentric cohort of children aged from 0.25 to 15 years old, consisting of 13 children with CCd and 164 without, was analyzed. The ICo of background activity (ICOBckgrdA), sleep spindles (ICOspindles), and their sum (sICO) were calculated. The impact of age, gender, and CC status on the ICo was evaluated, and the sICO was used to discriminate children with or without CCd. RESULTS ICOBckgrdA, ICOspindles and sICO increased significantly with age without any effect of gender (p < 10-4), in both groups. The regression equations of the different ICo were stronger, with adjusted R2 values of 0.54, 0.35, and 0.57, respectively. The ICo was lower in children with CCd compared to those without CCd (p < 10-4 for all comparisons). The area under the precision recall curves for predicting CCd using sICO was 0.992 with 98.9 % sensitivity and 87.5 % specificity. DISCUSSION ICo of spindles and background activity evolve in parallel to brain maturation and depends on the integrity of the corpus callosum. sICO could be an effective diagnostic biomarker for screening children with interhemispheric dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Guillou
- Department of Pediatrics, Rennes University Hospital, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - J Duprez
- Univ Rennes, LTSI - U1099, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - R Nabbout
- Reference Centre for Rare Epilepsies, Department of Pediatric Neurology, member of ERN EPICARE network, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Translational Research for Neurological Disorders, INSERM MR1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - A Kaminska
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Inserm, UMR 1141 NeuroDiderot, Paris, France; CEA, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Napuri
- Department of Pediatrics, Rennes University Hospital, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - C Gomes
- Department of Neurophysiology, Rennes University Hospital, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - M Kuchenbuch
- Department of Neurophysiology, Rennes University Hospital, F-35000 Rennes, France; Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Service de Medicine Infantile, Member of ERN EPICARE network, F-54000 Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000, Nancy, France.
| | - P Sauleau
- Univ Rennes, LTSI - U1099, F-35000 Rennes, France; Department of Neurophysiology, Rennes University Hospital, F-35000 Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Haver J, Junewick JJ. Segmental Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum With Pituitary Hypoplasia. Cureus 2024; 16:e58727. [PMID: 38779273 PMCID: PMC11110639 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We report a 3-year-old male with findings of segmental agenesis of the corpus callosum, pituitary hypoplasia, and Chiari I malformation. The patient was born at 33 weeks and spent five weeks in the NICU for hypoglycemia, hypotension, and dyspnea. In infancy, the patient passed an adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test, while cortisol, growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor levels were within reference range. Following height and weight percentile regression the patient underwent arginine and clonidine stimulation testing at 3 years of age, prompting pituitary evaluation via MRI. The results provided exemplary neuroimaging of segmental callosal agenesis, in which the genu and splenium form despite the absence of the callosal body. This finding adds support to a newer theory of embryological callosal development where progression does not occur linearly in the rosto-caudal direction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jake Haver
- Radiology, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu FT, Chen CP. Anomalies of the Corpus Callosum in Prenatal Ultrasound: A Narrative Review for Diagnosis and Further Counseling. J Med Ultrasound 2024; 32:99-103. [PMID: 38882617 PMCID: PMC11175368 DOI: 10.4103/jmu.jmu_49_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The corpus callosum is the major interhemispheric tract that plays an important role in neurological function. Understanding the etiology and embryology development helps the ultrasound diagnosis for disorders of the corpus callosum and further counseling. The nonvisualization of cavum septum pellucidum or dysmorphic cavum septum pellucidum in axial view are indirect signs for beginners to diagnose complete agenesis of corpus callosum (cACC) and partial agenesis of the corpus callosum (pACC). Further coronal view, sagittal view, and fetal magnetic resonance imaging are also important for evaluation. Genetic testing plays an essential tool in anomalies of corpus callosum by revealing the underlying genetic pathophysiology, such as chromosomal anomalies and numerous monogenetic disorders in 30%-45% of ACC. Diagnosis and prediction of prognosis for hypoplasia or hyperplasia of the corpus callosum are more difficult compared to cACC and pACC because of the limited reports in the literature. However, the complex types often had poorer prognostic outcomes compared to the isolated types. Hence, it is important to evaluate and follow fetal conditions thoroughly to rule out intracranial or extracranial anomalies in other systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Tzu Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Chih-Ping Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical and Community Health Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Corroenne R, Grevent D, Mahallati H, Millischer AE, Gauchard G, Bussieres L, Kasprian G, Ville Y, Salomon LJ. Quantitative fetal MRI with diffusion tensor imaging in cases with 'short' corpus callosum. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2024; 63:385-391. [PMID: 37676105 DOI: 10.1002/uog.27473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It has been suggested previously that the presence of Probst bundles (PB) in cases with a short corpus callosum (SCC) on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) may help to differentiate between corpus callosal (CC) dysplasia and a variant of normal CC development. The objectives of this study were to compare DTI parameters between cases of SCC vs normal CC and between cases of SCC with PB (SCC-PB+) vs SCC without PB (SCC-PB-). METHODS This was a retrospective study of patients referred to the Necker Hospital in Paris, France, for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation of an apparently isolated SCC detected by sonography between November 2016 and December 2022 (IRB: 00011928). MRI was performed using a 1.5-Tesla Signa system. T2-weighted axial and sagittal sequences of the fetal brain were used to measure the length and thickness of the CC. 16-direction DTI axial brain sequences were performed to identify the presence of PB and to generate quantitative imaging parameters (fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)) of the entire CC, genu, body and splenium. Cases in which other associated brain abnormalities were detected on MRI were excluded. Cases were matched for fetal gender and gestational age with controls in a 1:3 ratio. Control cases were normal fetuses included in the LUMIERE on the FETUS trial (NCT04142606) that underwent the same DTI evaluation of the brain. Comparisons between SCC and normal CC cases, and between SCC-PB+ and SCC-PB- cases were performed using ANOVA and adjusted for potential confounders using ANCOVA. RESULTS Twenty-two SCC cases were included and compared with 66 fetuses with a normal CC. In 10/22 (45.5%) cases of SCC, PB were identified. As expected, dimensions of the CC were significantly smaller in SCC compared with normal CC cases (all P < 0.01). In SCC-PB+ vs SCC-PB- cases, FA values were significantly lower in the entire CC (median, 0.21 (range, 0.19-0.24) vs 0.24 (range, 0.22-0.28); P < 0.01), genu (median, 0.21 (range, 0.15-0.29) vs 0.24 (range, 0.17-0.29); P = 0.04), body (median, 0.21 (range, 0.18-0.23) vs 0.23 (range, 0.21-0.27); P = 0.04) and splenium (median, 0.22 (range, 0.16-0.30) vs 0.25 (range, 0.20-0.29); P = 0.03). ADC values were significantly higher in the entire CC, genu and body in SCC-PB+ vs SCC-PB- cases (all P < 0.05). In SCC-PB+ cases, all FA values were significantly lower, and ADC values in the CC body were significantly higher compared with normal CC cases (all P < 0.05). In SCC-PB- cases, there was no significant difference in FA and ADC compared with normal CC cases (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Fetal DTI evaluation of the CC showed that FA values were significantly lower and ADC values tended to be significantly higher in SCC-PB+ compared with normal CC cases. This may highlight alterations of the white matter microstructure in SCC-PB+. In contrast, isolated SCC-PB- did not demonstrate significant changes in DTI parameters, strengthening the possibility that this is a normal CC variant. © 2023 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Corroenne
- URP FETUS 7328 and LUMIERE Platform, University of Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Obstetrics, Fetal Medicine and Surgery, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - D Grevent
- URP FETUS 7328 and LUMIERE Platform, University of Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Radiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - H Mahallati
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A-E Millischer
- Department of Radiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - G Gauchard
- URP FETUS 7328 and LUMIERE Platform, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - L Bussieres
- URP FETUS 7328 and LUMIERE Platform, University of Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Obstetrics, Fetal Medicine and Surgery, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - G Kasprian
- Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Y Ville
- URP FETUS 7328 and LUMIERE Platform, University of Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Obstetrics, Fetal Medicine and Surgery, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - L J Salomon
- URP FETUS 7328 and LUMIERE Platform, University of Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Obstetrics, Fetal Medicine and Surgery, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rodríguez-Pérez LM, López-de-San-Sebastián J, de Diego I, Smith A, Roales-Buján R, Jiménez AJ, Paez-Gonzalez P. A selective defect in the glial wedge as part of the neuroepithelium disruption in hydrocephalus development in the mouse hyh model is associated with complete corpus callosum dysgenesis. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1330412. [PMID: 38450283 PMCID: PMC10915275 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1330412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dysgenesis of the corpus callosum is present in neurodevelopmental disorders and coexists with hydrocephalus in several human congenital syndromes. The mechanisms that underlie the etiology of congenital hydrocephalus and agenesis of the corpus callosum when they coappear during neurodevelopment persist unclear. In this work, the mechanistic relationship between both disorders is investigated in the hyh mouse model for congenital hydrocephalus, which also develops agenesis of the corpus callosum. In this model, hydrocephalus is generated by a defective program in the development of neuroepithelium during its differentiation into radial glial cells. Methods In this work, the populations implicated in the development of the corpus callosum (callosal neurons, pioneering axons, glial wedge cells, subcallosal sling and indusium griseum glial cells) were studied in wild-type and hyh mutant mice. Immunohistochemistry, mRNA in situ hybridization, axonal tracing experiments, and organotypic cultures from normal and hyh mouse embryos were used. Results Our results show that the defective program in the neuroepithelium/radial glial cell development in the hyh mutant mouse selectively affects the glial wedge cells. The glial wedge cells are necessary to guide the pioneering axons as they approach the corticoseptal boundary. Our results show that the pioneering callosal axons arising from neurons in the cingulate cortex can extend projections to the interhemispheric midline in normal and hyh mice. However, pioneering axons in the hyh mutant mouse, when approaching the area corresponding to the damaged glial wedge cell population, turned toward the ipsilateral lateral ventricle. This defect occurred before the appearance of ventriculomegaly. Discussion In conclusion, the abnormal development of the ventricular zone, which appears to be inherent to the etiology of several forms of congenital hydrocephalus, can explain, in some cases, the common association between hydrocephalus and corpus callosum dysgenesis. These results imply that further studies may be needed to understand the corpus callosum dysgenesis etiology when it concurs with hydrocephalus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis-Manuel Rodríguez-Pérez
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Histología Humana, Anatomía Patológica y Educación Física y Deportiva, Universidad de Málaga, Malaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain
| | | | - Isabel de Diego
- Departamento de Anatomía y Medicina Legal e Historia de la Ciencia, Universidad de Málaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Aníbal Smith
- Departamento de Anatomía y Medicina Legal e Historia de la Ciencia, Universidad de Málaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Ruth Roales-Buján
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Universidad de Málaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Jiménez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Universidad de Málaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Patricia Paez-Gonzalez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Universidad de Málaga, Malaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Desai S, Desai T. Hypoechogenic corpus callosal area in fetus: elucidating true microarchitecture with fetal MRI fiber tractography. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2024; 63:278-279. [PMID: 37579067 DOI: 10.1002/uog.27455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Desai
- Fetal Neuroimaging Clinic, Department of Fetal Medicine, Infocus Diagnostics, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - T Desai
- Department of Radiology, Infocus Diagnostics, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lubián-Gutiérrez M, Benavente-Fernández I, Marín-Almagro Y, Jiménez-Luque N, Zuazo-Ojeda A, Sánchez-Sandoval Y, Lubián-López SP. Corpus callosum long-term biometry in very preterm children related to cognitive and motor outcomes. Pediatr Res 2024:10.1038/s41390-023-02994-4. [PMID: 38225451 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02994-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The corpus callosum (CC) is suggested as an indirect biomarker of white matter volume, which is often affected in preterm birth. However, diagnosing mild white matter injury is challenging. METHODS We studied 124 children born preterm (mean age: 8.4 ± 1.1 years), using MRI to assess CC measurements and cognitive/motor outcomes based on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-V (WPPSI-V) and Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2). RESULTS Children with normal outcomes exhibited greater height (10.2 ± 2.1 mm vs. 9.4 ± 2.3 mm; p = 0.01) and fractional anisotropy at splenium (895[680-1000] vs 860.5[342-1000]) and total CC length (69.1 ± 4.8 mm vs. 67.3 ± 5.1 mm; p = 0.02) compared to those with adverse outcomes. All measured CC areas were smaller in the adverse outcome group. Models incorporating posterior CC measurements demonstrated the highest specificity (83.3% Sp, AUC: 0.65) for predicting neurological outcomes. CC length and splenium height were the only linear measurements associated with manual dexterity and total MABC-2 score while both the latter and genu were related with Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient. CONCLUSIONS CC biometry in children born very preterm at school-age is associated with outcomes and exhibits a specific subregion alteration pattern. The posterior CC may serve as an important neurodevelopmental biomarker in very preterm infants. IMPACT The corpus callosum has the potential to serve as a reliable and easily measurable biomarker of white matter integrity in very preterm children. Estimating diffuse white matter injury in preterm infants using conventional MRI sequences is not always conclusive. The biometry of the posterior part of the corpus callosum is associated with cognitive and certain motor outcomes at school age in children born very preterm. Length and splenium measurements seem to serve as reliable biomarkers for assessing neurological outcomes in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Lubián-Gutiérrez
- Division of Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain
- Area of Paediatrics, Department of Child and Mother Health and Radiology, Medical School, University of Cádiz, C/Doctor Marañón, 3, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Isabel Benavente-Fernández
- Area of Paediatrics, Department of Child and Mother Health and Radiology, Medical School, University of Cádiz, C/Doctor Marañón, 3, Cádiz, Spain.
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain.
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Yolanda Marín-Almagro
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Natalia Jiménez-Luque
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Amaya Zuazo-Ojeda
- Radiology Department, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Yolanda Sánchez-Sandoval
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain
- Area of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Simón P Lubián-López
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Adil D, Duerden EG, Eagleson R, de Ribaupierre S. Structural Alterations of the Corpus Callosum in Children With Infantile Hydrocephalus. J Child Neurol 2024; 39:66-76. [PMID: 38387869 PMCID: PMC11083734 DOI: 10.1177/08830738241231343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates structural alterations of the corpus callosum in children diagnosed with infantile hydrocephalus. We aim to assess both macrostructural (volume) and microstructural (diffusion tensor imaging metrics) facets of the corpus callosum, providing insights into the nature and extent of alterations associated with this condition. Eighteen patients with infantile hydrocephalus (mean age = 9 years) and 18 age- and sex-matched typically developing healthy children participated in the study. Structural magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging were used to assess corpus callosum volume and microstructure, respectively. Our findings reveal significant alterations in corpus callosum volume, particularly in the posterior area, as well as distinct microstructural disparities, notably pronounced in these same segments. These results highlight the intricate interplay between macrostructural and microstructural aspects in understanding the impact of infantile hydrocephalus. Examining these structural alterations provides an understanding into the mechanisms underlying the effects of infantile hydrocephalus on corpus callosum integrity, given its pivotal role in interhemispheric communication. This knowledge offers a more nuanced perspective on neurologic disorders and underscores the significance of investigating the corpus callosum's health in such contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derya Adil
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emma G. Duerden
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Applied Psychology, Faculty of Education, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roy Eagleson
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandrine de Ribaupierre
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Soon E, Siffredi V, Anderson PJ, Anderson VA, McIlroy A, Leventer RJ, Wood AG, Spencer-Smith MM. Inhibitory control in children with agenesis of the corpus callosum compared with typically developing children. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2024; 30:18-26. [PMID: 37057871 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617723000218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The developmental absence (agenesis) of the corpus callosum (AgCC) is a congenital brain malformation associated with risk for a range of neuropsychological difficulties. Inhibitory control outcomes, including interference control and response inhibition, in children with AgCC are unclear. This study examined interference control and response inhibition: 1) in children with AgCC compared with typically developing (TD) children, 2) in children with different anatomical features of AgCC (complete vs. partial, isolated vs. complex), and 3) associations with white matter volume and microstructure of the anterior (AC) and posterior commissures (PC) and any remnant corpus callosum (CC). METHODS Participants were 27 children with AgCC and 32 TD children 8-16 years who completed inhibitory control assessments and brain MRI to define AgCC anatomical features and measure white matter volume and microstructure. RESULTS The AgCC cohort had poorer performance and higher rates of below average performance on inhibitory control measures than TD children. Children with complex AgCC had poorer response inhibition performance than children with isolated AgCC. While not statistically significant, there were select medium to large effect sizes for better inhibitory control associated with greater volume and microstructure of the AC and PC, and with reduced volume and microstructure of the remnant CC in partial AgCC. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence of inhibitory control difficulties in children with AgCC. While the sample was small, the study found preliminary evidence that the AC (f2=.18) and PC (f2=.30) may play a compensatory role for inhibitory control outcomes in the absence of the CC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilyn Soon
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vanessa Siffredi
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Peter J Anderson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vicki A Anderson
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alissandra McIlroy
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard J Leventer
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amanda G Wood
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
- Aston Institute for Health and Neurodevelopment, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Megan M Spencer-Smith
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kim J, Jeong M, Yang S, Han JH, Bae SH. Incidence of Hearing Loss in Corpus Callosum Agenesis. Otol Neurotol 2023; 44:1033-1037. [PMID: 37733987 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000004023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Congenital corpus callosum agenesis (CCA) is one of the congenital anomalies in newborns, which usually presents with syndromic features. It can be asymptomatic or have variable neurological deficits. Some studies demonstrated that hearing loss can occur in patients with CCA; however, the exact prevalence remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of hearing loss in CCA using data from newborn hearing screening in a single tertiary referral center. METHODS A total of 126 patients with CCA combined with hearing loss diagnosed at our hospital from November 2005 to November 2022 were retrospectively included in our study. All patients had at least one screening or diagnostic auditory brainstem response result. Brain ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging were used to diagnose CCA. RESULTS Among 126 patients, 93 had automated auditory brainstem response within a month from birth. Of the 93 patients, 20 (21.5%) had a "refer" result in the screening tests in at least one ear. The final incidence of hearing loss in patients with CCA was 16.1%. We observed no hearing loss in 22 patients with isolated CCA. CONCLUSIONS Patients with CCA have a higher incidence of hearing loss. However, this is likely related to the concurrent condition of patients. CCA seems not to be a risk factor for hearing loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jung Ho Han
- Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine
| | - Seong Hoon Bae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shakes P, Cashin A, Hurley J. Threat and adaptation: The maternal lived experience of continuing pregnancy after receiving a prenatal diagnosis of agenesis of the corpus callosum. Soc Sci Med 2023; 339:116391. [PMID: 37956619 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
One stated objective of prenatal screening and diagnosis is the preparation for delivering a baby with medical needs or disability, however, psychosocial outcomes of parents who received a prenatal diagnosis suggest that this objective is not yet realised. Preparation may be complicated by diagnostic and prognostic uncertainty. A prenatal diagnosis that includes significant uncertainty due to the heterogeneous presentations, classifications, causes and outcomes is agenesis of the corpus callosum. As a neuroanatomical anomaly identified in the second or third trimesters, the diagnosis is likely to cause distress for expectant mothers, yet there is limited guidance for holistic support. To begin to address the paucity of research, this hermeneutic phenomenological study sought to explore, and provide a telling of the maternal experience of continuing pregnancy after a prenatal diagnosis of agenesis of the corpus callosum. Through interviews and a series of online, asynchronous and facilitated focus groups, lived experiences during pregnancy from the time of diagnosis to birth were explored with 26 mothers who participated in this international study. Themes were constructed through reflexive thematic analysis to describe the experience of the lived phenomenon. The first theme, Under Threat, included subthemes of The Threat to the Life of the Baby and Threatened Image of the Expected Family. The second theme, Day to Day Toward Adaptation, included subthemes of Holding it Together and Falling Apart, and More Than Information, Searching for Meaning, Hope and Control. To realise the commonly stated objective of prenatal diagnosis, to support maternal preparation, healthcare professionals require awareness of the profound, yet individual experience of prenatal diagnosis to adequately respond and support mothers through their continued pregnancies. Healthcare services should be designed to flexibly respond in a woman- and family-centred manner to reduce the threat and support maternal adaptation after a prenatal diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pieta Shakes
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia.
| | - Andrew Cashin
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia.
| | - John Hurley
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Hogbin Drive, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dhakal P, Aryal AB, Dev A, Dhakal S, Kandel D. Asymmetric ventriculomegaly, interhemispheric cyst, and dysgenesis of corpus callosum (AVID) - case report. Radiol Case Rep 2023; 18:3936-3940. [PMID: 37663572 PMCID: PMC10472145 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AVID (Asymmetric ventriculomegaly, interhemispheric cyst, and dysgenesis of corpus callosum) spectrum is a rare phenomenon as such in its whole and the defects are not exclusive to the condition. Each may occur in isolation or together and have characteristic clinical and imaging findings. The vast array of mimics coexisting with the condition makes it a harder diagnosis to make and requires a great length of experience and observation which may explain the limited recordings of AVID. Sonography and fetal magnetic resonance imaging goes a long way and provide accurate diagnosis ruling out the mimics and aiding in prenatal visualization of the defects. Accurate diagnosis aids in effective management and counseling regarding outcomes and the potential timeline of the severity of the symptoms. In its rarity, this case report of AVID is one of the first report of its kind reported from Nepal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Dhakal
- Department of Radiology, Bir, Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Abinash Dev
- B.P. Koirala Institute Of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | | | - Devraj Kandel
- Department of Radiology, Bir, Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mandine N, Tavernier E, Hülnhagen T, Maréchal B, Kober T, Tauber C, Guichard M, Castelnau P, Morel B. Corpus callosum in children with neurodevelopmental delay: MRI standard qualitative assessment versus automatic quantitative analysis. Eur Radiol Exp 2023; 7:61. [PMID: 37833469 PMCID: PMC10575841 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-023-00375-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The corpus callosum (CC) is a key brain structure. In children with neurodevelopmental delay, we compared standard qualitative radiological assessments with an automatic quantitative tool. METHODS We prospectively enrolled 73 children (46 males, 63.0%) with neurodevelopmental delay at single university hospital between September 2020 and September 2022. All of them underwent 1.5-T brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including a magnetization-prepared 2 rapid acquisition gradient echoes - MP2RAGE sequence. Two radiologists blindly reviewed the images to classify qualitatively the CC into normal, hypoplasic, hyperplasic, and/or dysgenetic classes. An automatic tool (QuantiFIRE) was used to provide brain volumetry and T1 relaxometry automatically as well as deviations of those parameters compared with a healthy age-matched cohort. The MRI reference standard for CC volumetry was based on the Garel et al. study. Cohen κ statistics was used for interrater agreement. The radiologists and QuantiFIRE's diagnostic accuracy were compared with the reference standard using the Delong test. RESULTS The CC was normal in 42 cases (57.5%), hypoplastic in 20 cases (27.4%), and hypertrophic in 11 cases (15.1%). T1 relaxometry values were abnormal in 26 children (35.6%); either abnormally high (18 cases, 24.6%) or low (8 cases, 11.0%). The interrater Cohen κ coefficient was 0.91. The diagnostic accuracy of the QuantiFIRE prototype was higher than that of the radiologists for hypoplastic and normal CC (p = 0.003 for both subgroups, Delong test). CONCLUSIONS An automated volumetric and relaxometric assessment can assist the evaluation of brain structure such as the CC, particularly in the case of subtle abnormalities. RELEVANCE STATEMENT Automated brain MRI segmentation combined with statistical comparison to normal volume and T1 relaxometry values can be a useful diagnostic support tool for radiologists. KEY POINTS • Corpus callosum abnormality detection is challenging but clinically relevant. • Automated quantitative volumetric analysis had a higher diagnostic accuracy than that of visual appreciation of radiologists. • Quantitative T1 relaxometric analysis might help characterizing corpus callosum better.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Mandine
- Pediatric Radiology Department, CHRU of Tours, Clocheville Hospital, Tours, France
| | - Elsa Tavernier
- Clinical Investigation Center, INSERM 1415, CHRU Tours, Tours, France
| | - Till Hülnhagen
- Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthineers International, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- LTS5, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bénédicte Maréchal
- Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthineers International, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- LTS5, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Kober
- Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthineers International, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- LTS5, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Clovis Tauber
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - Marine Guichard
- Pediatric Neurology Department, CHRU of Tours, Clocheville Hospital, Tours, France
| | - Pierre Castelnau
- Pediatric Neurology Department, CHRU of Tours, Clocheville Hospital, Tours, France
| | - Baptiste Morel
- Pediatric Radiology Department, CHRU of Tours, Clocheville Hospital, Tours, France.
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Videtta G, Squarcina L, Rossetti MG, Brambilla P, Delvecchio G, Bellani M. White matter modifications of corpus callosum in bipolar disorder: A DTI tractography review. J Affect Disord 2023; 338:220-227. [PMID: 37301293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recent widespread use of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography allowed researchers to investigate the diffusivity modifications and neuroanatomical changes of white matter (WM) fascicles in major psychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder (BD). In BD, corpus callosum (CC) seems to have a crucial role in explaining the pathophysiology and cognitive impairment of this psychiatric disorder. This review aims to provide an overview on the latest results emerging from studies that investigated neuroanatomical changes of CC in BD using DTI tractography. METHODS Bibliographic research was conducted on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science datasets until March 2022. Ten studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. RESULTS From the reviewed DTI tractography studies a significant decrease of fractional anisotropy emerged in the genu, body and splenium of CC of BD patients compared to controls. This finding is coupled with reduction of fiber density and modification in fiber tract length. Finally, an increase of radial and mean diffusivity in forceps minor and in the entire CC was also reported. LIMITATIONS Small sample size, heterogeneity in terms of methodological (diffusion gradient) and clinical (lifetime comorbidity, BD status, pharmacological treatments) characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings suggest the presence of structural modifications in CC in BD patients, which may in turn explain the cognitive impairments often observed in this psychiatric disorder, especially in executive processing, motor control and visual memory. Finally, structural modifications may suggest an impairment in the amount of functional information and a morphological impact within those brain regions connected by CC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Videtta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Squarcina
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Gloria Rossetti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Delvecchio
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Marcella Bellani
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
White S, Taranath A, Hanagandi P, Taranath DA, To MS, Souzeau E, Siggs OM, Craig JE. Neuroimaging Findings in Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome: A Case Series. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:1231-1235. [PMID: 37679021 PMCID: PMC10549946 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition associated with multisystemic features including developmental anomalies of the anterior segment of the eye. Single nucleotide and copy number variants in the paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 2 (PITX2) and forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) genes are associated with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome as well as other CNS malformations. We determined the association between Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome and specific brain MR imaging neuroradiologic anomalies in cases with or without a genetic diagnosis. This case series included 8 individuals with pathogenic variants in FOXC1; 2, in PITX2; and 2 without a genetic diagnosis. The most common observation was vertebrobasilar artery dolichoectasia, with 46% prevalence. Other prevalent abnormalities included WM hyperintensities, cerebellar hypoplasia, and ventriculomegaly. Vertebrobasilar artery dolichoectasia and absent/hypoplastic olfactory bulbs were reported in >50% of individuals with FOXC1 variants compared with 0% of PITX2 variants. Notwithstanding the small sample size, neuroimaging abnormalities were more prevalent in individuals with FOXC1 variants compared those with PITX2 variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel White
- From the Robinson Research Institute (S.W.), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ajay Taranath
- Department of Radiology (A.T.), Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Prasad Hanagandi
- Department of Neuroradiology (P.H.), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deepa A Taranath
- Department of Ophthalmology (D.A.T., M.-S.T., E.S., O.M.S., J.E.C.), Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Minh-Son To
- Department of Ophthalmology (D.A.T., M.-S.T., E.S., O.M.S., J.E.C.), Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology (D.A.T., M.-S.T., E.S., O.M.S., J.E.C.), Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Owen M Siggs
- Department of Ophthalmology (D.A.T., M.-S.T., E.S., O.M.S., J.E.C.), Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research (O.M.S.), Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology (D.A.T., M.-S.T., E.S., O.M.S., J.E.C.), Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kunpalin Y, Sichitiu J, Krishan P, Blaser S, Shannon P, Van Mieghem T, Shinar S. Midline suprapineal pseudocyst in brain of fetuses with open spina bifida. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2023; 62:383-390. [PMID: 37058393 DOI: 10.1002/uog.26221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently, it was noted that fetuses with open spina bifida (OSB) may have a midline cystic structure evident on ultrasound. Our aims were to determine the prevalence of this cystic structure, shed light on its pathophysiology and investigate the association between its presence and other characteristic brain findings in fetuses with OSB. METHODS This was a single-center retrospective study of all fetuses with OSB and available cineloop images in the axial plane referred to the Ontario Fetal Centre, Toronto, Canada, between June 2017 and May 2022. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data obtained between 18 + 0 and 25 + 6 weeks were reviewed in search of a midline cystic structure. Pregnancy and lesion characteristics were collected. Transcerebellar diameter (TCD), clivus-supraocciput angle (CSA) and additional brain abnormalities (abnormal cavum septi pellucidi (CSP), abnormal corpus callosum (CC) and periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH)) were assessed. In cases of in-utero repair, imaging findings were reviewed postoperatively. In cases of termination, neuropathological findings were reviewed, if available. RESULTS Of 76 fetuses with OSB, 56 (73.7%) had a suprapineal cystic structure on ultrasound. The percentage of agreement between ultrasound and MRI detection was 91.5% (Cohen's kappa coefficient, 0.78 (95% CI, 0.57-0.98)). Brain autopsy in terminated cases revealed a dilatation of the posterior third ventricle, with redundant tela choroidea and arachnoid forming the membranous roof of the third ventricle, anterior and superior to the pineal gland. A cyst wall could not be identified, indicating that the structure was a pseudocyst. The presence of the pseudocyst was associated with a smaller CSA (pseudocyst absent, 62.11 ± 9.60° vs pseudocyst present, 52.71 ± 8.22°; P = 0.04). When the pseudocyst was present, its area was correlated inversely with TCD (r, -0.28 (95% CI, -0.51 to -0.02); P = 0.04). Fetal surgery did not have any impact on the growth rate of the pseudocyst (fetal surgery, 5.07 ± 3.29 mm2 /week vs expectant management, 4.35 ± 3.17 mm2 /week; P = 0.58). The presence of the pseudocyst was not associated with abnormal CSP, CC or presence of PNH. None of the cases with available postnatal follow-up required surgical procedure related to the pseudocyst. CONCLUSIONS Approximately 75% of all OSB cases have a suprapineal pseudocyst. Its presence is associated with the degree of hindbrain herniation but not with abnormalities of the CSP and CC or presence of PNH. Thus, it should not be regarded as additional brain pathology and should not preclude fetuses from undergoing fetal surgery for OSB. © 2023 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Kunpalin
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - J Sichitiu
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - P Krishan
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Ontario Fetal Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - S Blaser
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Ontario Fetal Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - P Shannon
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - T Van Mieghem
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Ontario Fetal Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - S Shinar
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Ontario Fetal Centre, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fantasia I, Ciardo C, Bracalente G, Filippi E, Murru FM, Spezzacatene A, Bin M, Mendez Quintero O, Montaguti E, Lees C, Papanikolaou K, Pilu G, Prefumo F, Thilaganathan B, Stampalija T. Obliterated cavum septi pellucidi: Clinical significance and role of fetal magnetic resonance. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2023; 102:744-750. [PMID: 37059118 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to describe a cohort of fetuses with an ultrasound prenatal diagnosis of obliterated cavum septi pellucidi (oCSP) with the aim to explore the rate of associated malformations, the progression during pregnancy and the role of fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a retrospective multicenter international study of fetuses diagnosed with oCSP in the second trimester with available fetal MRI and subsequent ultrasound and/or fetal MRI follow-up in the third trimester. Where available, postnatal data were collected to obtain information on neurodevelopment. RESULTS We identified 45 fetuses with oCSP at 20.5 weeks (interquartile range 20.1-21.1). oCSP was apparently isolated at ultrasound in 89% (40/45) and fetal MRI found additional findings in 5% (2/40) of cases, including polymicrogyria and microencephaly. In the remaining 38 fetuses, fetal MRI found a variable amount of fluid in CSP in 74% (28/38) and no fluid in 26% (10/38). Ultrasound follow-up at or after 30 weeks confirmed the diagnosis of oCSP in 32% (12/38) while fluid was visible in 68% (26/38). At follow-up MRI, performed in eight pregnancies, there were periventricular cysts and delayed sulcation with persistent oCSP in one case. Among the remaining cases with normal follow-up ultrasound and fetal MRI findings, the postnatal outcome was normal in 89% of cases (33/37) and abnormal in 11% (4/37): two with isolated speech delay, and two with neurodevelopmental delay secondary to postnatal diagnosis of Noonan syndrome at 5 years in one case and microcephaly with delayed cortical maturation at 5 months in the other. CONCLUSIONS Apparently isolated oCSP at mid-pregnancy is a transient finding with the visualization of the fluid later in pregnancy in up to 70% of cases. At referral, associated defects can be found in around 11% of cases at ultrasound and 8% at fetal MRI indicating the need for a detailed evaluation by expert physicians when oCSP is suspected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Fantasia
- Unit of Fetal Medicine, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudia Ciardo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ospedale Fracastoro, San Bonifacio, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Filippi
- UOC Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ospedale Cà Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy
| | - Flora Maria Murru
- Radiology Service, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Anita Spezzacatene
- Radiology Service, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Maura Bin
- Division of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Montaguti
- Obstetric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Christoph Lees
- Centre for Fetal Care, Queen Charlotte's & Chelsea Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Katherine Papanikolaou
- Centre for Fetal Care, Queen Charlotte's & Chelsea Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Gianluigi Pilu
- Obstetric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Prefumo
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Tamara Stampalija
- Unit of Fetal Medicine, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tan S, Faull RLM, Curtis MA. The tracts, cytoarchitecture, and neurochemistry of the spinal cord. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023; 306:777-819. [PMID: 36099279 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The human spinal cord can be described using a range of nomenclatures with each providing insight into its structure and function. Here we have comprehensively reviewed the key literature detailing the general structure, configuration of tracts, the cytoarchitecture of Rexed's laminae, and the neurochemistry at the spinal segmental level. The purpose of this review is to detail current anatomical understanding of how the spinal cord is structured and to aid researchers in identifying gaps in the literature that need to be studied to improve our knowledge of the spinal cord which in turn will improve the potential of therapeutic intervention for disorders of the spinal cord.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheryl Tan
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard L M Faull
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Maurice A Curtis
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Fabri M, Polonara G. Functional topography of the corpus callosum as revealed by fMRI and behavioural studies of control subjects and patients with callosal resection. Neuropsychologia 2023; 183:108533. [PMID: 36906223 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
The concept of a topographical map of the corpus callosum (CC), the main interhemispheric commissure, has emerged from human lesion studies and from anatomical tracing investigations in other mammals. Over the last few years, a rising number of researchers have been reporting functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activation in also the CC. This short review summarizes the functional and behavioral studies performed in groups of healthy subjects and in patients undergone to partial or total callosal resection, and it is focused on the work conducted by the authors. Functional data have been collected by diffusion tensor imaging and tractography (DTI and DTT) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), both techniques allowing to expand and refine our knowledge of the commissure. Neuropsychological test were also administered, and simple behavioral task, as imitation perspective and mental rotation ability, were analyzed. These researches added new insight on the topographic organization of the human CC. By combining DTT and fMRI it was possible to observe that the callosal crossing points of interhemispheric fibers connecting homologous primary sensory cortices, correspond to the CC sites where the fMRI activation elicited by peripheral stimulation was detected. In addition, CC activation during imitation and mental rotation performance was also reported. These studies demonstrated the presence of specific callosal fiber tracts that cross the commissure in the genu, body, and splenium, at sites showing fMRI activation, consistently with cortical activated areas. Altogether, these findings lend further support to the notion that the CC displays a functional topographic organization, also related to specific behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mara Fabri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita e Dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Polonara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche e Odontostomatologiche, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60020, Ancona, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Witkowski G, Januszko P, Skalski M, Mach A, Wawrzyniak ZM, Poleszak E, Ciszek B, Radziwoń-Zaleska M. Factors Contributing to Risk of Persistence of Positive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia during Hospitalization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4592. [PMID: 36901603 PMCID: PMC10001938 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate factors that may contribute to the persistence of positive, negative and other psychopathological symptoms of schizophrenia. All patients were treated in general psychiatric wards between January 2006 and December 2017. The initial study sample comprised of the medical reports of 600 patients. The main, specified inclusion criterion for the study was schizophrenia as a discharge diagnosis. Medical reports of 262 patients were excluded from the study due to no neuroimaging scans being available. The symptoms were categorised into three groups: positive, negative, and other psychopathological symptoms. The statistical analysis comprised modalities such as demographic data, clinical symptoms, as well as neuroimaging scans linking them to a potential impact of sustaining the mentioned groups of symptoms during the period of hospitalization. The analysis revealed that statistically significant risk factors of persistence of the three groups of symptoms are the elderly age, the increasing toll of hospitalizations, suicidal attempts in medical history, a family history of alcohol abuse, the presence of positive, negative and other psychopathological symptoms on admission to the hospital, as well as the absence of cavum septi pellucidi (CSP). The study showed that addiction to psychotropic drugs and a family history of schizophrenia were more frequent in patients with persistent CSP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Witkowski
- Department of Descriptive and Clinical Anatomy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Januszko
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Skalski
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Mach
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Maciej Wawrzyniak
- Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Poleszak
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Bogdan Ciszek
- Department of Descriptive and Clinical Anatomy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wright A, Booth R. Neuropsychological profiles of children with agenesis of the corpus callosum: A scoping review. Dev Med Child Neurol 2023. [PMID: 36737870 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To understand the wide variety of clinical outcomes in children with agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC) and examine evidence for the proposed neuropsychological syndrome reported in adults with primary AgCC. METHOD PsycINFO, PsycArticles, Medline, Embase, and Web of Science (January 2007-November 2021) were searched to identify studies reporting on cognitive or neuropsychological outcome in children with AgCC aged up to 18 years. Twenty-three articles investigating the cognitive profile were found; their methodology was evaluated against quality criteria. RESULTS While there was a high degree of heterogeneity across studies, including the methodological quality, there was evidence for some features of the neuropsychological syndrome in children with AgCC. Vulnerabilities in executive function and social cognition were found, with particular difficulties on complex and novel tasks. INTERPRETATION Data on the neuropsychological outcomes in children with AgCC are limited. Broad assessments are necessary to determine the extent to which core features of the neuropsychological syndrome may characterize children with AgCC and how additional neuroanatomical features contribute to outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Wright
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, NHS Forth Valley, Stirling, UK
| | - Rhonda Booth
- Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuropsychiatry Section, Developmental Neurosciences Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Weissbach T, Massarwa A, Hadi E, Lev S, Haimov A, Katorza E, Brenner-Weissmann A, Krampl-Bettelheim E, Kasprian G, Sharon R, Achiron R, Weisz B, Kivilevitch Z, Kassif E. Early Fetal Corpus Callosum: Demonstrating Normal Growth and Detecting Pathologies in Early Pregnancy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:199-204. [PMID: 36657951 PMCID: PMC9891336 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A malformed corpus callosum carries a risk for abnormal neurodevelopment. The advent of high-frequency transducers offers the opportunity to assess corpus callosum development in early pregnancy. The aim of the study was to construct a reference chart of the fetal corpus callosum length on ultrasound between 13 and 19 weeks of gestation and to prospectively examine growth patterns in pathologic cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a prospective cross-sectional study between 2020 and 2022 in well-dated, low-risk, singleton pregnancies between 13 and 19 weeks of gestation. A standardized image was obtained in the midsagittal plane. Imaging criteria were used as a confirmation of the early corpus callosum. Measurements were taken by 4 trained sonographers. Intra- and interobserver variability was assessed. Corpus callosum length in centiles were calculated for each gestational week. RESULTS One hundred eighty-seven fetuses were included in the study. All cases met inclusion criteria. At 13 weeks of gestation, the margins of the early corpus callosum were sufficiently clear to be measured in 80% (20/25) of fetuses. A cubic polynomial regression model best described the correlation between corpus length and gestational age. The correlation coefficient (r 2) was 0.929 (P < .001). Intra- and interobserver variability had high interclass correlation coefficients (>0.99). Presented is the earliest published case of agenesis of corpus callosum and a case of dysgenetic corpus callosum in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Provided is a nomogram of the early fetal corpus callosum. Applying imaging criteria helped to identify a case of complete agenesis of the corpus callosum as early as 14 weeks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Weissbach
- From The Institute of Obstetrical and Gynecological Imaging (T.W., A.M., E.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif)
- Sackler School of Medicine (T.W., A.M., E.H., S.L., A.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.S., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif), Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Massarwa
- From The Institute of Obstetrical and Gynecological Imaging (T.W., A.M., E.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif)
- Sackler School of Medicine (T.W., A.M., E.H., S.L., A.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.S., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif), Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - E Hadi
- From The Institute of Obstetrical and Gynecological Imaging (T.W., A.M., E.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif)
- Sackler School of Medicine (T.W., A.M., E.H., S.L., A.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.S., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif), Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - S Lev
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L., A.H.)
- Sackler School of Medicine (T.W., A.M., E.H., S.L., A.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.S., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif), Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Haimov
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L., A.H.)
- Sackler School of Medicine (T.W., A.M., E.H., S.L., A.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.S., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif), Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - E Katorza
- From The Institute of Obstetrical and Gynecological Imaging (T.W., A.M., E.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif)
- Sackler School of Medicine (T.W., A.M., E.H., S.L., A.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.S., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif), Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Brenner-Weissmann
- From The Institute of Obstetrical and Gynecological Imaging (T.W., A.M., E.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif)
- Sackler School of Medicine (T.W., A.M., E.H., S.L., A.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.S., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif), Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - G Kasprian
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (G.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Sharon
- Department of Neurology (R.S.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine (T.W., A.M., E.H., S.L., A.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.S., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif), Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - R Achiron
- From The Institute of Obstetrical and Gynecological Imaging (T.W., A.M., E.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif)
- Sackler School of Medicine (T.W., A.M., E.H., S.L., A.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.S., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif), Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - B Weisz
- From The Institute of Obstetrical and Gynecological Imaging (T.W., A.M., E.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif)
- Sackler School of Medicine (T.W., A.M., E.H., S.L., A.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.S., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif), Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Z Kivilevitch
- Women's Ultrasound Unit (Z.K.), Maccabi Health Services, Negev Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - E Kassif
- From The Institute of Obstetrical and Gynecological Imaging (T.W., A.M., E.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif)
- Sackler School of Medicine (T.W., A.M., E.H., S.L., A.H., E. Katorza, A.B.-W., R.S., R.A., B.W., E. Kassif), Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Altmann R, Scharnreitner I, Auer C, Hirtler L, Springer C, Falschlehner S, Arzt W. Visualization of the Third Ventricle, the Future Cavum Septi Pellucidi, and the Cavum Veli Interpositi at 11+3 to 13+6 Gestational Weeks on 3D Transvaginal Ultrasound Including Normative Data. ULTRASCHALL IN DER MEDIZIN (STUTTGART, GERMANY : 1980) 2023; 44:e72-e82. [PMID: 35213924 DOI: 10.1055/a-1683-6141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To show the development of the third ventricle, commissural plate, future cavum septi pellucidi, and cavum veli interpositi in weeks 12-14 by transvaginal 3D ultrasound. METHODS This is a prospective transvaginal 3D study carried out to define the third ventricle and the diencephalic midline structures surrounding it. 93 of 387 fetuses in which the commissural plate with the future cavum septi pellucidi, cavum veli interpositi, and the roof of the third ventricle could be well visualized, were selected with the choroid plexus of the third ventricle and the pituitary gland serving as leading structures. In a small number of fetuses, the optic chiasm could also be displayed. In addition, the following measurements were performed: third ventricle craniocaudal and anteroposterior, roof of the third ventricle/cavum veli interpositi, and fcsp. RESULTS The sonomorphologic characteristics of the commissural plate, the future cavum septi pellucidi, and the cavum veli interpositi are described IN 9% OF THE FETUSES examined. Measurements of the third ventricle, cavum veli interpositi, and the roof of the third ventricle show the following results: 3rd V cc = 3.895 + 0.091*CRL mm; 3rd V ap = 4.175 + 0.036*CRL mm; CVI ap = 2.223 + 0.029*CRL mm; CVI cc = 0.139 + 0.02*CRL mm. CONCLUSION Transvaginal neurosonography enables visualization and measurement of the normal fetal third ventricle at 12-14 weeks of gestation including visualization of the future cavum septi pellucidi and the cavum veli interpositi. BEFORE USE IN PATIENTS CAN BE CONSIDERED, FURTHER SCIENTIFIC WORK IS REQUIRED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Altmann
- Prenatal Medicine, Kepler University Hospital Med Campus IV, Linz, Austria
| | - Iris Scharnreitner
- Prenatal Medicine, Kepler University Hospital Med Campus IV, Linz, Austria
| | - Christian Auer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Lena Hirtler
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Claudia Springer
- Prenatal Medicine, Kepler University Hospital Med Campus IV, Linz, Austria
| | - Stephanie Falschlehner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kepler University Hospital Med Campus IV, Linz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Arzt
- Prenatal Medicine, Kepler University Hospital Med Campus IV, Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Libotte F, Fabiani M, Margiotti K, Carpineto LS, Monaco F, Raffio R, Mesoraca A, Giorlandino C. De novo 3q13.13q21.2 interstitial deletion and paternal 12p13.3 microdeletion in a fetus with dysplasia of the corpus callosum and ventriculomegaly: A case report. Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:100. [PMID: 36761008 PMCID: PMC9893219 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosome 3q syndrome is a well-known genetic condition caused by interstitial deletion in the long arm of chromosome 3. The phenotype of this syndrome is variable and the great variability in the extent of these deletions leads to a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Terminal 12p deletion represents one of the rarest subtelomeric imbalances; patients with distal monosomy 12p present different phenotypes ranging from muscular hypotonia to autism spectrum disorders. The present study reported a prenatal diagnosis of a male fetus presenting ultrasound evidence of corpus callosum dysplasia and ventriculomegaly showing a 3q13q21.2 deletion and a 12p13.33 microdeletion paternally inherited. Among several features previously attributed to the terminal deletion of 3q, corpus callosum dysplasia and ventriculomegaly have rarely been reported together. As the 12p13.33 microdeletion in the father was associated only with muscular hypotonia and joint laxity, the involvement of terminal 12p deletions in the clinical features of the fetus was not possible to verify during the prenatal period. The present case report may provide a reference for prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling in patients who present 3q13q21.2 deletions and 12p13.33 microdeletion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Libotte
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Fetal-Maternal Medical Centre, ALTAMEDICA, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Fabiani
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Fetal-Maternal Medical Centre, ALTAMEDICA, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Margiotti
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Fetal-Maternal Medical Centre, ALTAMEDICA, 00198 Rome, Italy,Correspondence to: Dr Katia Margiotti, Human Genetics Laboratory, ALTAMEDICA, 45 Viale Liegi, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Monaco
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Fetal-Maternal Medical Centre, ALTAMEDICA, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Raffio
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Fetal-Maternal Medical Centre, ALTAMEDICA, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Alvaro Mesoraca
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Fetal-Maternal Medical Centre, ALTAMEDICA, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Giorlandino
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Fetal-Maternal Medical Centre, ALTAMEDICA, 00198 Rome, Italy,Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Fetal-Maternal Medical Centre, ALTAMEDICA, 00198 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hale AT, Barkley AS, Blount JP. Corpus Callosotomy Is a Safe and Effective Procedure for Medically Resistant Epilepsy. Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg 2023; 48:355-369. [PMID: 37770691 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-36785-4_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Corpus callosotomy (CC) is an effective surgical treatment for medically resistant generalized or multifocal epilepsy (MRE). The premise of CC extrapolates from the observation that the corpus callosum is the predominant commissural pathway that allows spread and synchroneity of epileptogenic activity between the hemispheres. Candidacy for CC is typically reserved for patients seeking palliative epilepsy treatment with the goal of reducing the frequency of drop attacks, although reduction of other seizure semiologies (absence, complex partial seizures, and tonic-clonic) has been observed. A reduction in morbidity affiliated with evolution of surgical techniques to perform CC has improved the safety profile of the procedure without necessarily sacrificing efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Hale
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ariana S Barkley
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jeffrey P Blount
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Isiklar S, Ozdemir ST, Ozkaya G, Ozpar R. Three dimensional development and asymmetry of the corpus callosum in the 0-18 age group: A retrospective magnetic resonance imaging study. Clin Anat 2022; 36:581-598. [PMID: 36527384 DOI: 10.1002/ca.23996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Most of the corpus callosum (CC) developmental studies are concerned with its two-dimensional structure. Linear and area measurements do not directly assess the CC size but estimate the overall structure from the cross-sectional image. This study investigated age- and sex-related changes in volumetric development and asymmetry of CC from birth to 18. For this retrospective study, we selected 696 patients (329 [47.27%] females) with both 3D-T1-weighted sequence and normal radiological anatomy from patients 0-18 years of age who had brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between 2012 and 2020. The genu, body, splenium, and total volume of CC were calculated using MRICloud. The measurement results of 23 age groups were analyzed with SPSS (ver.28). Total CC volume was 18740.76 ± 4314.06 mm3 between 0 and 18 years of age, and its ratio to total brain volume (TBV) was 1.70% ± 0.23%. We observed that the total CC volume has six developmental periods 0 years, 1, 2-4, 5-9, 10-16, and 17-18 years. Genu and body grew in five developmental periods, while splenium in seven. There was intermittent sexual dimorphism in the CC volume in the first 4 years of life (p < 0.05). However, sex factor was insignificant in CC ratio to TBV. Total CC was right lateralized on average 1.81% (ranging -0.59% to 4.52%). Genu was 8.70% lateralized to the right, the body was 2.99% to the left, and the splenium was 1.41% to the right. The three-dimensional development of CC agreed with the two-dimensional developmental data of CC except for some differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sefa Isiklar
- Medical Imaging Techniques Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Senem Turan Ozdemir
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Güven Ozkaya
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Rıfat Ozpar
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ka M, Moffat JJ, Kim WY. MACF1, Involved in the 1p34.2p34.3 Microdeletion Syndrome, is Essential in Cortical Progenitor Polarity and Brain Integrity. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022; 42:2187-2204. [PMID: 33871731 PMCID: PMC8523589 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
1p34.2p34.3 deletion syndrome is characterized by an increased risk for autism. Microtubule Actin Crosslinking Factor 1 (MACF1) is one candidate gene for this syndrome. It is unclear, however, how MACF1 deletion is linked to brain development and neurodevelopmental deficits. Here we report on Macf1 deletion in the developing mouse cerebral cortex, focusing on radial glia polarity and morphological integrity, as these are critical factors in brain formation. We found that deleting Macf1 during cortical development resulted in double cortex/subcortical band heterotopia as well as disrupted cortical lamination. Macf1-deleted radial progenitors showed increased proliferation rates compared to control cells but failed to remain confined within their defined proliferation zone in the developing brain. The overproliferation of Macf1-deleted radial progenitors was associated with elevated cell cycle speed and re-entry. Microtubule stability and actin polymerization along the apical ventricular area were decreased in the Macf1 mutant cortex. Correspondingly, there was a disconnection between radial glial fibers and the apical and pial surfaces. Finally, we observed that Macf1-mutant mice exhibited social deficits and aberrant emotional behaviors. Together, these results suggest that MACF1 plays a critical role in cortical progenitor proliferation and localization by promoting glial fiber stabilization and polarization. Our findings may provide insights into the pathogenic mechanism underlying the 1p34.2p34.3 deletion syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minhan Ka
- Research Center for Substance Abuse Pharmacology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeffrey J Moffat
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Woo-Yang Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Agunbiade K, Fonville L, McGonigle J, Elliott R, Ersche KD, Flechais R, Orban C, Murphy A, Smith DG, Suckling J, Taylor EM, Deakin B, Robbins TW, Nutt DJ, Lingford‐Hughes AR, Paterson LM, Nutt D, Lingford‐Hughes A, Paterson L, McGonigle J, Flechais R, Orban C, Deakin B, Elliott R, Murphy A, Taylor E, Robbins T, Ersche K, Suckling J, Smith D, Reed L, Passetti F, Faravelli L, Erritzoe D, Mick I, Kalk N, Waldman A, Nestor L, Kuchibatla S, Boyapati V, Metastasio A, Faluyi Y, Fernandez‐Egea E, Abbott S, Sahakian B, Voon V, Rabiner I. Alterations in white matter microstructure in alcohol and alcohol‐polydrug dependence: Associations with lifetime alcohol and nicotine exposure. Addict Biol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9540248 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that alcohol dependence (AD) is associated with microstructural deficits in white matter, but the relationship with lifetime alcohol exposure and the impact of polydrug dependence is not well understood. Using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, we examined white matter microstructure in relation to alcohol and polydrug dependence using data from the Imperial College Cambridge Manchester (ICCAM) platform study. Tract‐based spatial statistics were used to examine fractional anisotropy (FA) in a cohort of abstinent AD participants, most of whom had a lifetime history of dependence to nicotine. A further subgroup also had a lifetime history of dependence to cocaine and/or opiates. Individuals with AD had lower FA throughout the corpus callosum, and negative associations with alcohol and nicotine exposure were found. A group‐by‐age interaction effect was found showing greater reductions with age in the alcohol‐dependent group within corpus callosum, overlapping with the group difference. We found no evidence of recovery with abstinence. A comparison of alcohol‐only‐ and alcohol‐polydrug‐dependent groups found no differences in FA. Overall, our findings show that AD is associated with lower FA and suggest that these alterations are primarily driven by lifetime alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking, showing no relationship with exposure to other substances such as cocaine, opiates or cannabis. Reductions in FA across the adult lifespan are more pronounced in AD and offer further support for the notion of accelerated ageing in relation to alcohol dependence. These findings highlight there may be lasting structural differences in white matter in alcohol dependence, despite continued abstinence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kofoworola Agunbiade
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London London UK
| | - Leon Fonville
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London London UK
| | - John McGonigle
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London London UK
| | - Rebecca Elliott
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Karen D. Ersche
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
- Department of Psychiatry University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
- Department of Systems Neuroscience University Medical Centre Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Remy Flechais
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London London UK
| | - Csaba Orban
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London London UK
| | - Anna Murphy
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Dana G. Smith
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
- Department of Psychology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - John Suckling
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
- Department of Psychiatry University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - Eleanor M. Taylor
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Bill Deakin
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Trevor W. Robbins
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
- Department of Psychology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - David J. Nutt
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London London UK
| | | | - Louise M. Paterson
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London London UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Moradi B, Taherian R, Tahmasebpour AR, Sanei Taheri M, Kazemi MA, Pak N, Shirazi M, Radmanesh A, Oztekin O, Arab-Ahmadi M. Fetal corpus callosum abnormalities: Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging role. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2022; 50:989-1003. [PMID: 35488776 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The corpus callosum (CC) is the major interhemispheric commissure and its abnormalities include agenesis, hypoplasia, and hyperplasia. The CC anomalies are typically related to other central nervous system (CNS) or extra-CNS malformations. The antenatal diagnosis of complete CC agenesis is easy after mid-trimester by ultrasound (US) even in the axial plane. The non-visualization of cavum septum pellucidum and colpocephaly are critical signs in the axial view. More subtle findings (i.e., hypoplasia and partial agenesis) might also be recognized antenatally. In this review, the focus was given on the prenatal diagnosis of CC abnormalities in US and magnetic resonance imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Moradi
- Department of Radiology, Yas Complex Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Taherian
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Morteza Sanei Taheri
- Department of Radiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Kazemi
- Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Radiology, Amir Alam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Pak
- Department of Radiology, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Shirazi
- Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Radmanesh
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ozgur Oztekin
- Radiology Department, Izmir Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehran Arab-Ahmadi
- Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Radiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yum KS, Shin DI. Transient splenial lesions of the corpus callosum and infectious diseases. Acute Crit Care 2022; 37:269-275. [PMID: 35977887 PMCID: PMC9475166 DOI: 10.4266/acc.2022.00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient splenial lesion of the corpus callosum can be observed in various diseases such as cancer, drug use, metabolic disorders, and cerebrovascular disorders, as well as in patients with infectious diseases. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there were increasing reports of these lesions being detected on brain imaging tests performed in patients with neurological symptoms. On brain magnetic resonance imaging, findings suggestive of cytotoxic edema are observed in the splenium; these are known to disappear with improvement of clinical symptoms. Cytokinopathy caused by infection increases the permeability of the blood–brain barrier and activates the glial cells of the brain to induce cytotoxic edema. Most patients have a good prognosis. The causes, mechanism, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of transient splenial lesions of the corpus callosum will be summarized in this review.
Collapse
|
36
|
Saini F, Dell’Acqua F, Strydom A. Structural Connectivity in Down Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:908413. [PMID: 35937882 PMCID: PMC9354601 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.908413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) arises from the triplication of chromosome 21, which leads to an atypical neurodevelopment and the overproduction of the amyloid precursor protein, predisposing to early Alzheimer's disease (AD). Not surprisingly, trisomy 21 is widely considered a model to study predementia stages of AD. After decades, in which neural loss was the main focus, research in AD is now moving toward understanding the neurodegenerative aspects affecting white matter. Motivated by the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based diffusion techniques, this shift in focus has led to several exploratory studies on both young and older individuals with DS. In this review, we synthesise the initial efforts made by researchers in characterising in-vivo structural connectivity in DS, together with the AD footprint on top of such pre-existing connectivity related to atypical brain development. The white matter structures found to be affected in DS are the corpus callosum and all the main long-association fibres, namely the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, the inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculus, the uncinate fasciculus and the cingulum bundle. Furthermore, the cingulum bundle and the corpus callosum appear to be particularly sensitive to early AD changes in this population. Findings are discussed in terms of their functional significance, alongside methodological considerations and implications for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fedal Saini
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Flavio Dell’Acqua
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andre Strydom
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Smigielski L, Stämpfli P, Wotruba D, Buechler R, Sommer S, Gerstenberg M, Theodoridou A, Walitza S, Rössler W, Heekeren K. White matter microstructure and the clinical risk for psychosis: A diffusion tensor imaging study of individuals with basic symptoms and at ultra-high risk. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 35:103067. [PMID: 35679786 PMCID: PMC9178487 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This DTI cross-sectional study compared UHR, basic symptom & control groups (n = 112). The splenium of UHR individuals exhibited differences in fractional anisotropy (FA). Basic symptoms alone were not associated with white matter microstructure changes. Large differences in FA & radial diffusivity were found in converters to psychosis. Regional FA was inversely correlated with the general psychopathology domain.
Background Widespread white matter abnormalities are a frequent finding in chronic schizophrenia patients. More inconsistent results have been provided by the sparser literature on at-risk states for psychosis, i.e., emerging subclinical symptoms. However, considering risk as a homogenous construct, an approach of earlier studies, may impede our understanding of neuro-progression into psychosis. Methods An analysis was conducted of 3-Tesla MRI diffusion and symptom data from 112 individuals (mean age, 21.97 ± 4.19) within two at-risk paradigm subtypes, only basic symptoms (n = 43) and ultra-high risk (n = 37), and controls (n = 32). Between-group comparisons (involving three study groups and further split based on the subsequent transition to schizophrenia) of four diffusion-tensor-imaging-derived scalars were performed using voxelwise tract-based spatial statistics, followed by correlational analyses with Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes responses. Results Relative to controls, fractional anisotropy was lower in the splenium of the corpus callosum of ultra-high-risk individuals, but only before stringent multiple-testing correction, and negatively correlated with General Symptom severity among at-risk individuals. At-risk participants who transitioned to schizophrenia within 3 years, compared to those that did not transition, had more severe WM differences in fractional anisotropy and radial diffusivity (particularly in the corpus callosum, anterior corona radiata, and motor/sensory tracts), which were even more extensive compared to healthy controls. Conclusions These findings align with the subclinical symptom presentation and more extensive disruptions in converters, suggestive of severity-related demyelination or axonal pathology. Fine-grained but detectable differences among ultra-high-risk subjects (i.e., with brief limited intermittent and/or attenuated psychotic symptoms) point to the splenium as a discrete site of emerging psychopathology, while basic symptoms alone were not associated with altered fractional anisotropy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Smigielski
- The Zurich Program for Sustainable Development of Mental Health Services (ZInEP), Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Philipp Stämpfli
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; MR-Center of the Psychiatric Hospital and the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Diana Wotruba
- The Zurich Program for Sustainable Development of Mental Health Services (ZInEP), Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roman Buechler
- The Zurich Program for Sustainable Development of Mental Health Services (ZInEP), Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Sommer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; MR-Center of the Psychiatric Hospital and the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Miriam Gerstenberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anastasia Theodoridou
- The Zurich Program for Sustainable Development of Mental Health Services (ZInEP), Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Walitza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wulf Rössler
- The Zurich Program for Sustainable Development of Mental Health Services (ZInEP), Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM 27), Institute of Psychiatry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karsten Heekeren
- The Zurich Program for Sustainable Development of Mental Health Services (ZInEP), Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy I, LVR-Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Laporta-Hoyos O, Pannek K, Pagnozzi AM, Whittingham K, Wotherspoon J, Benfer K, Fiori S, Ware RS, Boyd RN. Cognitive, academic, executive and psychological functioning in children with spastic motor type cerebral palsy: Influence of extent, location, and laterality of brain lesions. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2022; 38:33-46. [PMID: 35381411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate, in spastic motor-type cerebral palsy, the association between 1) the location and extent of brain lesions and numerous psychological outcomes; 2) the laterality of brain lesions and performance of verbal-related cognitive functions. METHODS The semi-quantitative scale for MRI (sqMRI) was scored for 101 children with cerebral palsy. Non-verbal and verbal proxy intelligence quotients (IQ), word reading, spelling, numerical operations skills, executive functioning, and psychological adjustment were assessed. Relationships between global and regional sqMRI scores and clinical scores were examined. The best multivariable linear regression model for each outcome was identified using the Bayesian Information Criteria. Regional sqMRI scores, gross motor functioning, manual ability, and epilepsy status were considered for inclusion as covariables. Where sqMRI scores made statistically significant contributions to models of verbal-related functioning, data were reanalysed including these sqMRI scores' laterality index. Verbal-related outcomes were compared between participants with left-sided versus bilateral brain lesions. RESULTS Medial dorsal thalamus and parietal lobe lesions significantly accounted for poorer verbal proxy-IQ. Left-hemisphere lateralization of temporal lobe lesions was associated with poorer verbal proxy-IQ. Participants with bilateral lesions performed significantly better than those with unilateral left-sided lesions in verbal cognitive functions. Controlling for epilepsy diagnosis, participants with ventral posterior lateral thalamus lesions presented with better Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function scores, although within the normal range. sqMRI scores were not significantly associated with some psychological outcomes or these only bordered on significance after accounting for relevant control variables. CONCLUSION The laterality of early-life lesions influences the development of verbal-related cognitive functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Laporta-Hoyos
- Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Kerstin Pannek
- Australian E-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Alex M Pagnozzi
- Australian E-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Koa Whittingham
- Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Jane Wotherspoon
- Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Kath Benfer
- Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Simona Fiori
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Robert S Ware
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Roslyn N Boyd
- Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lee D, Park HJ. A populational connection distribution map for the whole brain white matter reveals ordered cortical wiring in the space of white matter. Neuroimage 2022; 254:119167. [PMID: 35378287 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The white matter in the brain is composed of neural fibers that wire the cortical and subcortical brain systems. Considering the complexity in terms of interconnections of many neural populations within the narrow space surrounded by the folding walls of the gray matter, the brain requires a certain way of structured wiring. To explore the three-dimensional organization of wiring in an accessible manner, we focused on voxel-level wiring patterns in the white matter according to cortical distributions in which each voxel mediates the wiring. We constructed a voxel-wise connection distribution map from the whole white matter voxels to 360 cortical regions using probabilistic tractography of the 100 diffusion imaging data in the Human Connectome Project. We then explored the spatial organization of the fiber bundles at the white matter voxels in terms of the maximal and second maximal cortical connection labels and the local gradient and entropy of cortical connection density using the population connection distribution map. We presented dominant cortical connection labels, local gradient, and connection entropy for the most representative white matter regions, including the internal capsule, external capsule, corpus callosum, cingulum bundle, and uncinate fascicles, most of which were introduced in the current study. Those major tracts showed a gradient organization of connection distributions for individual voxels. This organized pattern, as reflected in the whole brain connection distribution map, could be established to optimize wiring in the entire brain within the physical space of the white matter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongha Lee
- Center for Systems and Translational Brain Sciences, Institute of Human Complexity and Systems Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, 61 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hae-Jeong Park
- Center for Systems and Translational Brain Sciences, Institute of Human Complexity and Systems Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Cognitive Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Akiyama S, Madan N, Graham G, Samura O, Kitano R, Yun HJ, Craig A, Nakamura T, Hozawa A, Grant E, Im K, Tarui T. Regional brain development in fetuses with Dandy-Walker malformation: A volumetric fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263535. [PMID: 35202430 PMCID: PMC8870580 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dandy-Walker malformation (DWM) is a common prenatally diagnosed cerebellar malformation, characterized by cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle, upward rotation of the hypoplastic vermis, and posterior fossa enlargement with torcular elevation. DWM is associated with a broad spectrum of neurodevelopmental abnormalities such as cognitive, motor, and behavioral impairments, which cannot be explained solely by cerebellar malformations. Notably, the pathogenesis of these symptoms remains poorly understood. This study investigated whether fetal structural developmental abnormalities in DWM extended beyond the posterior fossa to the cerebrum even in fetuses without apparent cerebral anomalies. Post-acquisition volumetric fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis was performed in 12 fetuses with DWM and 14 control fetuses. Growth trajectories of the volumes of the cortical plate, subcortical parenchyma, cerebellar hemispheres, and vermis between 18 and 33 weeks of gestation were compared. The median (interquartile range) gestational ages at the time of MRI were 22.4 (19.4–24.0) and 23.9 (20.6–29.2) weeks in the DWM and control groups, respectively (p = 0.269). Eight of the 12 fetuses with DWM presented with associated cerebral anomalies, including hydrocephalus (n = 3), cerebral ventriculomegaly (n = 3), and complete (n = 2) and partial (n = 2) agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC); 7 presented with extracerebral abnormalities. Chromosomal abnormalities were detected by microarray analysis in 4 of 11 fetuses with DWM, using amniocentesis. Volumetric analysis revealed that the cortical plate was significantly larger in fetuses with DWM than in controls (p = 0.040). Even without ACC, the subcortical parenchyma, whole cerebrum, cerebellar hemispheres, and whole brain were significantly larger in fetuses with DWM (n = 8) than in controls (p = 0.004, 0.025, 0.033, and 0.026, respectively). In conclusion, volumetric fetal MRI analysis demonstrated that the development of DWM extends throughout the brain during the fetal period, even without apparent cerebral anomalies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shizuko Akiyama
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SA); (TT)
| | - Neel Madan
- Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - George Graham
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Osamu Samura
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rie Kitano
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hyuk Jin Yun
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alexa Craig
- Pediatric Neurology, Maine Medical Center, Portland, Oregan, United States of America
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hozawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ellen Grant
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kiho Im
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tomo Tarui
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Pediatric Neurology, Tufts Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SA); (TT)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Reddy N, Doyle M, Hanagandi P, Taranath A, Dahmoush H, Krishnan P, Oztekin O, Boltshauser E, Shroff M, Mankad K. Neuroradiological Mimics of Periventricular Leukomalacia. J Child Neurol 2022; 37:151-167. [PMID: 34937403 DOI: 10.1177/08830738211026052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a term reserved to describe white matter injury in the premature brain. In this review article, the authors highlight the common and rare pathologies mimicking the chronic stage of PVL and propose practical clinico-radiological criteria that would aid in diagnosis and management. METHODS AND RESULTS The authors first describe the typical brain MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) features of PVL. Based on their clinical presentation, pathologic entities and their neuroimaging findings were clustered into distinct categories. Three clinical subgroups were identified: healthy children, children with stable/nonprogressive neurological disorder, and those with progressive neurological disorder. The neuroradiological discriminators are described in each subgroup with relevant differential diagnoses. The mimics were broadly classified into normal variants, acquired, and inherited disorders. CONCLUSIONS The term "PVL" should be used appropriately as it reflects its pathomechanism. The phrase "white matter injury of prematurity" or "brain injury of prematurity" is more specific. Discrepancies in imaging and clinical presentation must be tread with caution and warrant further investigations to exclude other possibilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nihaal Reddy
- Rainbow Children's Hospital and Tenet Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India
| | - Mary Doyle
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Prasad Hanagandi
- Department of Neuroradiology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajay Taranath
- Department of Radiology, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Hisham Dahmoush
- Department of Radiology, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pradeep Krishnan
- Department of Pediatric Neuroradiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ozgur Oztekin
- Tepecik Research and Education Hospital, Health Science University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Eugen Boltshauser
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse, Switzerland
| | - Manohar Shroff
- Department of Pediatric Neuroradiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kshitij Mankad
- Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Akashi Y, Park YT, Oetelaar GS, Murakami M. Successful treatment of hypodipsic/adipsic hypernatremia in a cat with lobar holoprosencephaly using oral desmopressin. JFMS Open Rep 2022; 8:20551169221082542. [PMID: 35342639 PMCID: PMC8949744 DOI: 10.1177/20551169221082542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Case summary A 2-year-old female spayed domestic shorthair cat was presented with a history of collapse, possible hypodipsia/adipsia, severe dehydration and hypernatremia. MRI of the brain revealed a failure of separation of the cerebral hemispheres as characterized by an absence of the rostral part of the corpus callosum, fornix and septum pellucidum and the presence of a single fused lateral ventricle. A diagnosis of hypodipsic/adipsic hypernatremia with lobar holoprosencephaly was made. Dietary management of the cat's condition was attempted by increasing oral water intake, but the cat's hypernatremia and azotemia persisted. Plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) analysis revealed a low concentration of circulating AVP (2.3 pg/ml), prompting therapy with oral desmopressin in addition to the dietary management. This combined therapy decreased water consumption of the cat from 200 ml/day (85 ml/kg/day) to 100 ml/day (30 ml/kg/day), normalized plasma sodium concentration and resolved the azotemia. Relevance and novel information To our knowledge, this is the second case report of an MRI diagnosis of lobar holoprosencephaly with hypodipsic/adipsic hypernatremia in a cat and the first case report of the successful management of this condition using oral desmopressin. This case report emphasizes that holoprosencephaly should be suspected in cats presented with hypodipsic/adipsic hypernatremia and highlights the utility of MRI in establishing the diagnosis. Measurements of plasma osmolality and AVP concentration corroborate the pathophysiology and support the use of oral desmopressin in addition to dietary management to resolve the hypernatremia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoriko Akashi
- Ve C Jiyugaoka Animal Medical Center, Meguro City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Young Tae Park
- Ve C Jiyugaoka Animal Medical Center, Meguro City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Garrett S Oetelaar
- VCA Canada CARE Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Masahiro Murakami
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Thomas M, Savitz J, Zhang Y, Burrows K, Smith R, Figueroa-Hall L, Kuplicki R, Khalsa SS, Taki Y, Teague TK, Irwin MR, Yeh FC, Paulus MP, Zheng H. Elevated Systemic Inflammation Is Associated with Reduced Corticolimbic White Matter Integrity in Depression. Life (Basel) 2021; 12:43. [PMID: 35054436 PMCID: PMC8778940 DOI: 10.3390/life12010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Growing evidence indicates that inflammation can induce neural circuit dysfunction and plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). Nevertheless, whether inflammation affects the integrity of white matter pathways is only beginning to be explored. (2) Methods: We computed quantitative anisotropy (QA) from diffusion magnetic resonance imaging as an index of white matter integrity and regressed QA on C-reactive protein (CRP), controlling for age, sex, and BMI, in 176 participants with MDD. (3) Results: The QA values of several white matter tracts were negatively correlated with CRP concentration (standardized beta coefficient = -0.22, 95%CI = -0.38--0.06, FDR < 0.05). These tracts included the bilateral cortico-striatal tracts, thalamic radiations, inferior longitudinal fasciculi, corpus callosum (the forceps minor portion and the tapetum portion), cingulum bundles, and the left superior longitudinal fasciculus III. Importantly, the association remained robust after regressing up to twelve potential confounders. The bilateral fornix and a small portion of the thalamic radiation showed a positive association with CRP levels, but these associations did not remain significant after adjusting for confounders. (4) Conclusions: Peripheral inflammation may contribute to the etiology of MDD by impacting the microstructural integrity of brain corticolimbic white matter pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- MacGregor Thomas
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; (M.T.); (J.S.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (L.F.-H.); (R.K.); (S.S.K.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Jonathan Savitz
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; (M.T.); (J.S.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (L.F.-H.); (R.K.); (S.S.K.); (M.P.P.)
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74119, USA
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.Z.); (Y.T.)
| | - Kaiping Burrows
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; (M.T.); (J.S.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (L.F.-H.); (R.K.); (S.S.K.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Ryan Smith
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; (M.T.); (J.S.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (L.F.-H.); (R.K.); (S.S.K.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Leandra Figueroa-Hall
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; (M.T.); (J.S.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (L.F.-H.); (R.K.); (S.S.K.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Rayus Kuplicki
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; (M.T.); (J.S.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (L.F.-H.); (R.K.); (S.S.K.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Sahib S. Khalsa
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; (M.T.); (J.S.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (L.F.-H.); (R.K.); (S.S.K.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Yasuyuki Taki
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.Z.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Neuroimaging, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
- Smart-Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tracy Kent Teague
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107, USA
| | - Michael R. Irwin
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Fang-Cheng Yeh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA;
| | - Martin P. Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; (M.T.); (J.S.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (L.F.-H.); (R.K.); (S.S.K.); (M.P.P.)
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74119, USA
| | - Haixia Zheng
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; (M.T.); (J.S.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (L.F.-H.); (R.K.); (S.S.K.); (M.P.P.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Three-dimensional anatomy of the anterior commissure: A tractography and anatomical study. World Neurosurg 2021; 159:e365-e374. [PMID: 34952222 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The anterior commissure (AC) is one of the main commissural fibers of the brain. Commissural fibers are involved in bilateral integration and coordination of any normal brain activity. The AC is an important interhemispheric structure which forms a bidirectional communication channel between the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes bilaterally. In this article, we focus on describing the morphology, relations, and distribution of the AC through diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) DSI-based fiber tracking. Tractographies were compared with gross anatomical dissection of the anterior commissure of adult's brains. Our study suggests that the AC found by tracking methods is bigger in comparison to the one found by dissection. In summary, the tractography added extensions to the main AC structure.
Collapse
|
45
|
Ebrahimi-Fakhari D, Alecu JE, Ziegler M, Geisel G, Jordan C, D'Amore A, Yeh RC, Akula SK, Saffari A, Prabhu SP, Sahin M, Yang E. Systematic Analysis of Brain MRI Findings in Adaptor Protein Complex 4-Associated Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia. Neurology 2021; 97:e1942-e1954. [PMID: 34544818 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000012836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES AP-4-associated hereditary spastic paraplegia (AP-4-HSP: SPG47, SPG50, SPG51, SPG52) is an emerging cause of childhood-onset hereditary spastic paraplegia and mimic of cerebral palsy. This study aims to define the spectrum of brain MRI findings in AP-4-HSP and to investigate radioclinical correlations. METHODS We performed a systematic qualitative and quantitative analysis of 107 brain MRI studies from 76 individuals with genetically confirmed AP-4-HSP and correlation with clinical findings including surrogates of disease severity. RESULTS We define AP-4-HSP as a disorder of gray and white matter and demonstrate that abnormal myelination is common and that metrics of reduced white matter volume correlate with severity of motor symptoms. We identify a common diagnostic imaging signature consisting of (1) a thin splenium of the corpus callosum, (2) an absent or thin anterior commissure, (3) characteristic signal abnormalities of the forceps minor ("ears of the grizzly sign"), and (4) periventricular white matter abnormalities. The presence of 2 or more of these findings has a sensitivity of ∼99% for detecting AP-4-HSP; the combination of all 4 is found in ∼45% of cases. Compared to other HSPs with a thin corpus callosum, the absent anterior commissure appears to be specific to AP-4-HSP. Our analysis identified a subset of patients with polymicrogyria, underscoring the role of AP-4 in early brain development. These patients displayed a higher prevalence of seizures and status epilepticus, many at a young age. DISCUSSION Our findings define the MRI spectrum of AP-4-HSP, providing opportunities for early diagnosis, identification of individuals at risk for complications, and a window into the role of the AP-4 complex in brain development and neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darius Ebrahimi-Fakhari
- From the Department of Neurology (D.E.-F., J.E.A., M.Z., G.G., C.J., A.D., A.S., M.S.), and Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (S.P.P., E.Y.), The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center (M.S.), and Division of Genetics and Genomics (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA.
| | - Julian E Alecu
- From the Department of Neurology (D.E.-F., J.E.A., M.Z., G.G., C.J., A.D., A.S., M.S.), and Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (S.P.P., E.Y.), The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center (M.S.), and Division of Genetics and Genomics (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA
| | - Marvin Ziegler
- From the Department of Neurology (D.E.-F., J.E.A., M.Z., G.G., C.J., A.D., A.S., M.S.), and Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (S.P.P., E.Y.), The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center (M.S.), and Division of Genetics and Genomics (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA
| | - Gregory Geisel
- From the Department of Neurology (D.E.-F., J.E.A., M.Z., G.G., C.J., A.D., A.S., M.S.), and Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (S.P.P., E.Y.), The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center (M.S.), and Division of Genetics and Genomics (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA
| | - Catherine Jordan
- From the Department of Neurology (D.E.-F., J.E.A., M.Z., G.G., C.J., A.D., A.S., M.S.), and Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (S.P.P., E.Y.), The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center (M.S.), and Division of Genetics and Genomics (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA
| | - Angelica D'Amore
- From the Department of Neurology (D.E.-F., J.E.A., M.Z., G.G., C.J., A.D., A.S., M.S.), and Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (S.P.P., E.Y.), The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center (M.S.), and Division of Genetics and Genomics (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA
| | - Rebecca C Yeh
- From the Department of Neurology (D.E.-F., J.E.A., M.Z., G.G., C.J., A.D., A.S., M.S.), and Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (S.P.P., E.Y.), The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center (M.S.), and Division of Genetics and Genomics (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA
| | - Shyam K Akula
- From the Department of Neurology (D.E.-F., J.E.A., M.Z., G.G., C.J., A.D., A.S., M.S.), and Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (S.P.P., E.Y.), The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center (M.S.), and Division of Genetics and Genomics (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA
| | - Afshin Saffari
- From the Department of Neurology (D.E.-F., J.E.A., M.Z., G.G., C.J., A.D., A.S., M.S.), and Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (S.P.P., E.Y.), The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center (M.S.), and Division of Genetics and Genomics (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA
| | - Sanjay P Prabhu
- From the Department of Neurology (D.E.-F., J.E.A., M.Z., G.G., C.J., A.D., A.S., M.S.), and Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (S.P.P., E.Y.), The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center (M.S.), and Division of Genetics and Genomics (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA
| | - Mustafa Sahin
- From the Department of Neurology (D.E.-F., J.E.A., M.Z., G.G., C.J., A.D., A.S., M.S.), and Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (S.P.P., E.Y.), The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center (M.S.), and Division of Genetics and Genomics (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA
| | - Edward Yang
- From the Department of Neurology (D.E.-F., J.E.A., M.Z., G.G., C.J., A.D., A.S., M.S.), and Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (S.P.P., E.Y.), The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center (M.S.), and Division of Genetics and Genomics (D.E.-F., R.C.Y., S.K.A.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Bordeleau M, Fernández de Cossío L, Lacabanne C, Savage JC, Vernoux N, Chakravarty M, Tremblay MÈ. Maternal high-fat diet modifies myelin organization, microglial interactions, and results in social memory and sensorimotor gating deficits in adolescent mouse offspring. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 15:100281. [PMID: 34589781 PMCID: PMC8474164 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to maternal high-fat diet (mHFD) acts as a risk factor for various neurodevelopmental alterations in the progeny. Recent studies in mice revealed that mHFD results in both neuroinflammation and hypomyelination in the exposed offspring. Microglia, the brain-resident macrophages, play crucial roles during brain development, notably by modulating oligodendrocyte populations and performing phagocytosis of myelin sheaths. Previously, we reported that mHFD modifies microglial phenotype (i.e., morphology, interactions with their microenvironment, transcripts) in the hippocampus of male and female offspring. In the current study, we further explored whether mHFD may induce myelination changes among the hippocampal-corpus callosum-prefrontal cortex pathway, and result in behavioral outcomes in adolescent offspring of the two sexes. To this end, female mice were fed with control chow or HFD for 4 weeks before mating, during gestation, and until weaning of their litter. Histological and ultrastructural analyses revealed an increased density of myelin associated with a reduced area of cytosolic myelin channels in the corpus callosum of mHFD-exposed male compared to female offspring. Transcripts of myelination-associated genes including Igf1 -a growth factor released by microglia- were also lower, specifically in the hippocampus (without changes in the prefrontal cortex) of adolescent male mouse offspring. These changes in myelin were not related to an altered density, distribution, or maturation of oligodendrocytes, instead we found that microglia within the corpus callosum of mHFD-exposed offspring showed reduced numbers of mature lysosomes and increased synaptic contacts, suggesting microglial implication in the modified myelination. At the behavioral level, both male and female mHFD-exposed adolescent offspring presented loss of social memory and sensorimotor gating deficits. These results together highlight the importance of studying oligodendrocyte-microglia crosstalk and its involvement in the long-term brain alterations that result from prenatal mHFD in offspring across sexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maude Bordeleau
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | | | - Chloé Lacabanne
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie C Savage
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Vernoux
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Mallar Chakravarty
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Cerebral Imaging Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Szczupak D, Iack PM, Liu C, Tovar-Moll F, Lent R, Silva AC. Direct Interhemispheric Cortical Communication via Thalamic Commissures: A New White-Matter Pathway in the Rodent Brain. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:4642-4651. [PMID: 33999140 PMCID: PMC8408456 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The corpus callosum (CC), the anterior (AC), and the posterior (PC) commissures are the principal axonal fiber bundle pathways that allow bidirectional communication between the brain hemispheres. Here, we used the Allen mouse brain connectivity atlas and high-resolution diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) to investigate interhemispheric fiber bundles in C57bl6/J mice, the most commonly used wild-type mouse model in biomedical research. We identified 1) commissural projections from the primary motor area through the AC to the contralateral hemisphere; and 2) intrathalamic interhemispheric fiber bundles from multiple regions in the frontal cortex to the contralateral thalamus. This is the first description of direct interhemispheric corticothalamic connectivity from the orbital cortex. We named these newly identified crossing points thalamic commissures. We also analyzed interhemispheric connectivity in the Balb/c mouse model of dysgenesis of the corpus callosum (CCD). Relative to C57bl6/J, Balb/c presented an atypical and smaller AC and weaker interhemispheric corticothalamic communication. These results redefine our understanding of interhemispheric brain communication. Specifically, they establish the thalamus as a regular hub for interhemispheric connectivity and encourage us to reinterpret brain plasticity in CCD as an altered balance between axonal reinforcement and pruning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Szczupak
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Cerebral Microcirculation Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Pamela Meneses Iack
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Cirong Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Cerebral Microcirculation Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - IRC5 Consortium
- Researchers of the International Research Consortium for the Corpus Callosum and Cerebral Connectivity (IRC5), Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | | | - Roberto Lent
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil
- D’Or Institute of Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro 22281-100, Brazil
| | - Afonso C Silva
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Cerebral Microcirculation Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Najt P, Richards HL, Fortune DG. Brain imaging in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 16:100290. [PMID: 34230916 PMCID: PMC8249107 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is increasing evidence that SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) not only affects the respiratory tract but also influence the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in neurological symptoms such as loss of smell and taste. Growing literature indicates largely distributed brain alterations encompassing subcortical micro- and macro-bleeds, cerebral swelling and haemorrhage in gray and white matter tissue. A systematic review was performed to synthesise the potential evidence of the brain correlates of SARS-CoV-2. Methods A literature search was conducted using electronic databases for studies reporting neuroimaging abnormalities in SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals. Identified case series, cohort studies, and case control studies on SARS-CoV-2 effects on the brain were critically appraised for methodological quality. A narrative synthesis of the findings from the included studies is presented. Results Twenty-seven studies were included in the review, including 5 case series, 8 cohort studies and 14 case control studies. The findings revealed predominant involvement of the olfactory system with disruptions across four olfactory structures. Abnormalities also extended to the corpus callosum, cingulate cortex, and insula, jointly implicating the olfactory brain network. Conclusion Alterations in olfactory areas, along with neighbouring brain regions, including prefrontal and limbic regions were associated to contraction of SARS-CoV-2. Viral infection could either trigger systemic reactions, or use the olfactory's unique anatomical organisation as an environmental entry zone to directly impact on the CNS. A spectrum of brain changes particularly at advanced stage relates to SARS-CoV-2 Across severity phases SARS-CoV-2 affects olfactory structures Emerging abnormalities in COVID-19 is associated with the olfactory brain network
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Najt
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Helen L Richards
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mahallati H, Sotiriadis A, Celestin C, Millischer AE, Sonigo P, Grevent D, O'Gorman N, Bahi-Buisson N, Attié-Bitach T, Ville Y, Salomon LJ. Heterogeneity in defining fetal corpus callosal pathology: systematic review. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2021; 58:11-18. [PMID: 32798278 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fetal anomalies of the corpus callosum (CC) have been reported in the prenatal imaging literature since 1985, and, especially when isolated, pose challenges for both the patient and fetal medicine specialist. The purpose of this study was to review systematically the literature on prenatally diagnosed abnormalities of the CC, focusing on the terminology used to describe abnormalities other than complete agenesis of the CC, and to assess the heterogeneity of the nomenclature and definitions used. METHODS This study was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews. A literature search was performed to identify prospective or retrospective case series or cohort studies, published in English, French, Italian, German or Spanish, reporting fetal imaging findings and describing anomalies of the CC. Quality and risk of bias of the studies were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and a modification of the scale developed by Conde-Agudelo et al. for other fetal imaging studies. The data extracted included the number of patients, the number of different anomalies identified, the descriptive names of the anomalies, and, where applicable, the definitions of the anomalies, the number of cases of each type of anomaly and the biometric charts used. Secondary tests used to confirm the diagnosis, as well as the postnatal or post-termination tests used to ascertain the diagnosis, were also recorded. RESULTS The search identified 998 records, and, after review of titles and abstracts and full review of 45 papers, 27 studies were included initially in the review, of which 24 were included in the final analysis. These 24 studies had a broad range of quality and risk of bias and represented 1135 cases of CC anomalies, of which 49% were complete agenesis and the remainder were described using the term partial agenesis or nine other terms, of which five had more than one definition. CONCLUSIONS In comparison to the postnatal literature, in the prenatal literature there is much greater heterogeneity in the nomenclature and definition of CC anomalies other than complete agenesis. This heterogeneity and lack of standard definitions in the prenatal literature make it difficult to develop large multicenter pooled cohorts of patients who can be followed in order to develop a better understanding of the genetic associations and neurodevelopmental and psychological outcomes of patients with CC anomalies. As this information is important to improve counseling of these patients, a good first step towards this goal would be to develop a simpler categorization of prenatal CC anomalies that matches better the postnatal literature. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Mahallati
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Fetus & LUMIERE team, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - A Sotiriadis
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - C Celestin
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - A E Millischer
- Fetus & LUMIERE team, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Service de Radiologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - P Sonigo
- Fetus & LUMIERE team, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Service de Radiologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - D Grevent
- Fetus & LUMIERE team, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Service de Radiologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - N O'Gorman
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - N Bahi-Buisson
- Fetus & LUMIERE team, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Pediatric Neurology Department, University Hospital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - T Attié-Bitach
- Fetus & LUMIERE team, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, Université Paris Descartes et Inserm U781, Imagine, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Y Ville
- Fetus & LUMIERE team, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - L J Salomon
- Fetus & LUMIERE team, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Birnbaum R, Barzilay R, Brusilov M, Wolman I, Malinger G. Normal cavum veli interpositi at 14-17 gestational weeks: three-dimensional and Doppler transvaginal neurosonographic study. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2021; 58:19-25. [PMID: 32798260 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To provide evidence to support the hypothesis that the midline cyst-like fluid collection that is frequently observed on fetal brain ultrasound (US) imaging during the early second trimester represents a normal transient cavum veli interpositi (CVI). METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of 89 three-dimensional normal fetal brain volumes, acquired by transvaginal US imaging in 87 pregnant women between 14 and 17 gestational weeks. The midsagittal view was studied using multiplanar imaging, and the maximum length of the fluid collection located over (dorsal to) the tela choroidea of the third ventricle was measured. We calculated the correlation of the transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) and of the maximum length of the fluid collection with gestational age according to last menstrual period. Color Doppler images were analyzed to determine the location of the internal cerebral veins with respect to the location of the fluid collection. Reports of the second-trimester anatomy scan at 22-24 weeks were also reviewed. RESULTS Interhemispheric fluid collections of various sizes were found in 55% (49/89) of the volumes (mean length, 5 (range, 3.0-7.8) mm). There was a strong correlation between TCD and gestational age (Pearson's correlation, 0.862; P < 0.001). There was no correlation between maximum fluid length and gestational age (Pearson's correlation, -0.442; P = 0.773). Color Doppler images were retrieved in 32 of the 49 fetuses; in 100% of these, the internal cerebral veins coursed within the echogenic roof of the third ventricle. The midline structures were normal at the 22-24-week scan in all cases. CONCLUSIONS In approximately half of normal fetuses, during the evolution of the midline structures of the brain, various degrees of fluid accumulate transiently in the velum interpositum, giving rise to a physiologic CVI. Patients should be reassured that this is a normal phenomenon in the early second trimester that, if an isolated finding, has no influence on fetal brain development. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Birnbaum
- Ob-Gyn Ultrasound Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - R Barzilay
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Penn Medicine and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M Brusilov
- Ob-Gyn Ultrasound Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - I Wolman
- Ob-Gyn Ultrasound Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - G Malinger
- Ob-Gyn Ultrasound Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|