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Zhuang P, Chen X, Sun S, Li Y, Mo H. Bioaccessibility and bioavailability of Pb and Cd in rice is affected by propolis and its extracts and Fe intervention. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175697. [PMID: 39182785 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Increasing the intake of dietary supplements containing antioxidant components can reduce the oral bioavailability of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) and benefit human health. In this study, the effects of propolis and its extracts (kaempferol (KAE), quercetin (QR), and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE)) in conjunction with proanthocyanidins (PA) on Pb and Cd bioaccessibility (BAC) and the relative bioavailability (RBA) in brown and polished rice are investigated. The results of in vitro tests showed that propolis and its extracts were effective in reducing Pb BAC in both brown and polished rice. A medium dose of PA had a significant reduction effect on Cd BAC (76 %) and RBA in both brown and polished rice. Based on mouse bioassays, the supplementation of propolis and its extracts significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the Pb-RBA in brown rice, resulting in a decrease in Pb RBA from 25 % in the control group to 16.5-17.6 %. The results showed that the BAC and RBA of Pb in brown rice with dietary supplements decreased significantly, which may be related to the enhanced inhibitory effect of high Fe. It was also found that the Pb RBA was negatively correlated with the Fe content in mice kidneys. This result provided evidence that antioxidants better inhibit the bioavailability of heavy metals, highlighting that propolis and PA may be alternative dietary supplements for intervening in human Pb and Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, the CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, and South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, PR China.
| | - Xianghua Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, the CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, and South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuo Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, the CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, and South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yingwen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, the CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, and South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Hui Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, the CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, and South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
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Kalahasthi R, Nagaraju R, Balachandar R, Bagepally BS. Association between occupational lead exposure and immunotoxicity markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Toxicology 2022; 465:153047. [PMID: 34838595 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidences suggest the role of chronic lead (Pb) exposure in altering immunological parameters. Present study aimed to systematically review existing literature and synthesize quantitative evidence on the association between chronic Pb exposure and changes in immunological markers. Observational studies reporting immunological markers such as leukocyte derivative counts (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD45+, CD56+, lymphocyte, and total leukocyte), cytokine, Immunoglobulin (Igs), C-reactive protein (CRP) among Pb-exposed and unexposed controls were systematically searched from PubMed, Scopus and Embase digital databases from inception to January 2021. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were adhered during systematic review. Mean differences in the immunological markers between Pb-exposed and control groups were pooled using random-effects model. The heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran-Q test and I2 statistic. The review included forty studies reporting immunological markers in Pb-exposed and unexposed control groups. The occupational Pb-exposed group exhibited significantly higher BLL, impaired immunological markers, characterized by a marginal lowering in lymphocyte count, lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ ratio), IFN-γ and IgG levels, while CD8+, IgM, IgA, IgE, and cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α) exhibited a trend of higher values in comparison to the control group. Further, inflammatory marker viz., total leukocyte count was significantly higher among Pb-exposed. The included studies exhibited high levels of heterogeneity. In conclusion, Occupational Pb exposure alters the immunological markers such as the circulating cytokines and leukocyte counts. However, high-quality, multicentered studies are required to strengthen present observations and further understand the Pb's role on the immune system. Prospero Registration ID: CRD42021228252.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravibabu Kalahasthi
- Biochemistry, Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Raju Nagaraju
- Biochemistry, Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rakesh Balachandar
- Clinical Epidemiology, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Molecular Studies on the Nephroprotective Potential of Celastrus paniculatus against Lead-Acetate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Experimental Rats: Role of the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216647. [PMID: 34771053 PMCID: PMC8587739 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemicals can induce nephrotoxicity, with damage to different segments of the nephron and deterioration of renal function. Nephrotoxicity due to exposure to a toxin such as carbon tetrachloride, sodium oxalate, or heavy metals is the most common cause of kidney injury. The current study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Celastrus paniculatus seed extract against lead-acetate-induced nephrotoxicity by evaluating the histopathology, immunohistochemistry, ultrastructure, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway. Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups (n = 6 per group): group 1 contained normal animals and served as the control; group 2 received lead acetate (30 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)/day, oral); group 3 received lead acetate and the standard drug N-acetylcysteine (NAC, 200 mg/kg b.w./day, oral); and group 4 received lead acetate and the ethanolic extract of C. paniculatus seed (EECP; 800 mg/kg b.w./day, oral). Treatment was given for 28 consecutive days. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance with SIGMA PLOT 13 using SYSTAT software followed by Newman–Keul’s test for comparison between the groups. EECP ameliorated the adverse changes caused by lead acetate. PI3K and AKT messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were diminished in lead-acetate-treated rats. Treatment with EECP inhibited the occurrence of shrunken cells, the atrophy of glomeruli, and degenerative changes in renal tubules caused by lead acetate. Interestingly, the PI3K and AKT mRNA levels were significantly increased in EECP-treated animals. Our results clearly evidence for the first time that C. paniculatus seed extract inhibits lead-acetate-induced detrimental changes in kidneys by regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.
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Shaban NZ, Abd El-Kader SE, Mogahed FAK, El-Kersh MAL, Habashy NH. Synergistic protective effect of Beta vulgaris with meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid against lead-induced neurotoxicity in male rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:252. [PMID: 33420282 PMCID: PMC7794226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80669-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) toxicity is one of the most prevalent causes of human neurotoxicity. The available chelator drugs used now have many adverse effects. So, in this study, the protective role of Beta vulgaris juice (BVJ) on rat neurotoxicity induced by Pb was evaluated and the results were compared with the results of dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA, as used drug). Additionally, the synergistic effect of BVJ and DMSA against Pb-induced neurotoxicity was assessed. The study focused on the determination of the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neurological potential of BVJ (alone, and with DMSA) towards lead-induced neurotoxicity. Also, the characterization of BVJ was studied. The results showed that BVJ contains considerable quantities of polyphenols, triterpenoids, and betalains which play an important role as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory. BVJ exhibited a protective effect against neurotoxicity via the reduction of Pb levels in blood and brain. Moreover, BVJ decreased the oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death induced by Pb. Also, BVJ regulated the activities of acetylcholine esterase and monoamine oxidase-A which changed by Pb toxicity. BVJ and DMSA combination displayed a synergistic antineurotoxic effect (combination index ˂ 1). These results were in harmony with brain histopathology. Conclusion: BVJ has a powerful efficacy in the protection from brain toxicity via diminishing Pb in the brain and blood circulation, resulting in the prevention of the oxidative and inflammatory stress. Treatment with BVJ in combination with DMSA revealed a synergistic effect in the reduction of neurotoxicity induced by Pb. Also, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the BVJ lead to the improvement of DMSA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Z Shaban
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt.
| | - Sara E Abd El-Kader
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Fayed A K Mogahed
- Department of Nucleic Acid Research, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A L El-Kersh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Noha H Habashy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
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Muller CD, Garcia SC, Brucker N, Goethel G, Sauer E, Lacerda LM, Oliveira E, Trombini TL, Machado AB, Pressotto A, Rech VC, Klauck CR, Basso da Silva L, Gioda A, Feksa LR. Occupational risk assessment of exposure to metals in chrome plating workers. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:560-567. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1731527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Deuner Muller
- Environmental Quality Post-Graduation Program, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - Solange Cristina Garcia
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Natália Brucker
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Goethel
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elisa Sauer
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Evandro Oliveira
- Environmental Quality Post-Graduation Program, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Belem Machado
- Environmental Quality Post-Graduation Program, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - Anelise Pressotto
- Environmental Quality Post-Graduation Program, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | | | - Cláudia Regina Klauck
- Environmental Quality Post-Graduation Program, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
- Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - Luciano Basso da Silva
- Environmental Quality Post-Graduation Program, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
- Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Gioda
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciane Rosa Feksa
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Chen Y, Xu X, Zeng Z, Lin X, Qin Q, Huo X. Blood lead and cadmium levels associated with hematological and hepatic functions in patients from an e-waste-polluted area. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 220:531-538. [PMID: 30594806 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposures to toxic trace metals have hazardous effects on human health, especially exposure to lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). Blood Pb and Cd reflect toxicity on human health. A total of 267 hospitalized patients, of which 158 were from Guiyu (exposed group) in China, and 109 from Jinping (reference group), were recruited in this study. Blood Pb and Cd were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Blood Pb and Cd levels from the exposed group were both higher than in the reference group. Blood Pb levels are positively associated with blood Cd levels from the two groups. Blood Pb and Cd levels are associated with elevated hematological and hepatic parameters in patients from the exposed and reference groups. The results suggest toxic trace metals may increase liver metabolic burden, inducing abnormal liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Chen
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xijin Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijun Zeng
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xueqiong Lin
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Clinical Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Qilin Qin
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Huo
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, Guangdong, China.
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7
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Lacerda LM, Garcia SC, da Silva LB, de Ávila Dornelles M, Presotto AT, Lourenço ED, de Franceschi ID, Fernandes E, Wannmacher CMD, Brucker N, Sauer E, Gioda A, Machado AB, Oliveira E, Trombini TL, Feksa LR. Evaluation of hematological, biochemical parameters and thiol enzyme activity in chrome plating workers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:1892-1901. [PMID: 30460648 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3755-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The most commonly used solution in chrome plating bath is chromic acid (hexavalent Cr), and a considerable amount of mists is released into the air and consequently produce hazards to workers. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether the biomarker of exposure to metals, specially Cr levels, presents associations with hematological and biochemical parameters and if they can alter the activity of enzymes that contain thiol groups such as pyruvate kinase, creatine kinase, adenylate kinase, and δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase. Fifty male chrome plating workers were used for exposed group and 50 male non-exposed workers for control group. For that, biological monitoring was performed through quantification of metals on total blood and urine by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and enzyme activity was performed by spectrometry in erythrocytes. In addition, chromium levels in water was quantified and ecotoxicology assay was performed with Allium cepa test. The results demonstrated that blood and urinary chromium levels in exposed group were higher than the control group (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, decreased activity of enzymes was found in those that contain thiol groups from exposed group when compared with the control group (p < 0.001). The water analysis did not present a statistical difference between control and exposed groups (p > 0.05), demonstrating that water did not seem to be the source of contamination. In summary, our findings indicated some toxicology effects observed in the exposed group, such as thiol enzyme inhibition, mainly associated with occupational exposure in chrome plating and besides the presence of other metals, and Cr demonstrated to influence the activity of the enzymes analyzed in this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Machado Lacerda
- Environmental Quality Post-Graduation Program, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS, 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Solange Cristina Garcia
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciano Basso da Silva
- Environmental Quality Post-Graduation Program, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS, 93525-075, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Elissa Fernandes
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Natália Brucker
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Elisa Sauer
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana Gioda
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Aline Belem Machado
- Environmental Quality Post-Graduation Program, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS, 93525-075, Brazil.
- Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
| | - Evandro Oliveira
- Environmental Quality Post-Graduation Program, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS, 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Thereza Luciano Trombini
- Environmental Quality Post-Graduation Program, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS, 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Luciane Rosa Feksa
- Environmental Quality Post-Graduation Program, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS, 93525-075, Brazil
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Grape seed procyanidin extract protects against Pb-induced lung toxicity by activating the AMPK/Nrf2/p62 signaling axis. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 116:59-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Xu X, Cui Z, Wang X, Wang X, Zhang S. Toxicological responses on cytochrome P450 and metabolic transferases in liver of goldfish (Carassius auratus) exposed to lead and paraquat. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 151:161-169. [PMID: 29353166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As the producer of reactive oxygen species (ROS), both lead (Pb) and paraquat (PQ) can generate serious oxidative stress in target organs which result in irreversible toxic effects on organisms. They can disturb the normal catalytic activities of many enzymes by means of different toxicity mechanism. The changed responses of enzymes are frequently used as the biomarkers for indicating the relationship between toxicological effects and exposure levels. In this work, goldfish was exposed to a series of test groups containing lead and paraquat in the range of 0.05-10mg/L, respectively. Four hepatic enzyme activities, including 7-ethoxyresorufinO-deethylase (EROD), 7-benzyloxy-4-trifluoromethyl-coumarin-O-debenzyloxylase (BFCOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) were determined after 1, 7, 14, 28 days exposure. The results showed that the activities of EROD and BFCOD in fish were significantly inhibited in response to paraquat at all exposure levels during the whole experiment. Similarly, the inhibitory effects of lead exposure on BFCOD activity were found in our study, while different responses of lead on EROD were observed. There were no significant differences on EROD activity under lower concentrations of lead (less than 0.1mg/L) before 14 days until an obvious increase was occurred for the 0.5mg/L lead treatment group at day 14. Furthermore, lead showed stronger inhibition on GST activity than paraquat when the concentrations of the two toxicants were more than 0.5mg/L. However, the similar dose and time-dependent manners of UGT activity were found under lead and paraquat exposure. Our results indicated that higher exposure levels and longer accumulations caused inhibitory effects on the four enzymes regardless of lead or paraquat stress. In addition, the responses of phase I enzymes were more sensitive than that of phase II enzymes and they may be served as the acceptable biomarkers for evaluating the toxicity effects of both lead and paraquat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Zhaojie Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Xinlei Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xixin Wang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Su Zhang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
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10
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La-Llave-León O, Méndez-Hernández EM, Castellanos-Juárez FX, Esquivel-Rodríguez E, Vázquez-Alaniz F, Sandoval-Carrillo A, García-Vargas G, Duarte-Sustaita J, Candelas-Rangel JL, Salas-Pacheco JM. Association between Blood Lead Levels and Delta-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase in Pregnant Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14040432. [PMID: 28420209 PMCID: PMC5409633 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14040432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Blood lead levels (BLLs) and delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity are considered biomarkers of lead exposure and lead toxicity, respectively. The present study was designed to investigate the association between BLLs and ALAD activity in pregnant women from Durango, Mexico. A total of 633 pregnant women aged 13–43 years participated in this study. Blood lead was measured by a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. ALAD activity was measured spectrophotometrically. Mean blood lead was 2.09 ± 2.34 µg/dL; and 26 women (4.1%) crossed the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommended level of 5 µg/dL. ALAD activity was significantly lower in women with levels of lead ≥5 µg/dL compared to those with BLLs < 5 µg/dL (p = 0.002). To reduce the influence of extreme values on the statistical analysis, BLLs were analyzed by quartiles. A significant negative correlation between blood lead and ALAD activity was observed in the fourth quartile of BLLs (r = −0.113; p < 0.01). Among women with blood lead concentrations ≥2.2 µg/dL ALAD activity was negatively correlated with BLLs (r = −0.413; p < 0.01). Multiple linear regression demonstrated that inhibition of ALAD in pregnant women may occur at levels of lead in blood above 2.2 µg/dL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osmel La-Llave-León
- Institute of Scientific Research, Juarez University of the State of Durango, AV. Universidad y Fanny Anitua s/n. Col. Centro, C. P. 34000 Durango, Mexico.
| | - Edna M Méndez-Hernández
- Institute of Scientific Research, Juarez University of the State of Durango, AV. Universidad y Fanny Anitua s/n. Col. Centro, C. P. 34000 Durango, Mexico.
| | - Francisco X Castellanos-Juárez
- Institute of Scientific Research, Juarez University of the State of Durango, AV. Universidad y Fanny Anitua s/n. Col. Centro, C. P. 34000 Durango, Mexico.
| | - Eloísa Esquivel-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Juarez University of the State of Durango, Cuauhtemoc, 223 North, Col. Centro, C. P. 34000 Durango, Mexico.
| | | | - Ada Sandoval-Carrillo
- Institute of Scientific Research, Juarez University of the State of Durango, AV. Universidad y Fanny Anitua s/n. Col. Centro, C. P. 34000 Durango, Mexico.
| | - Gonzalo García-Vargas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Juarez University of the State of Durango, Gomez Palacio la Salle 1 y Sixto Ugalde, s/n, Col. Revolucion, C. P. 35050 Gomez Palacio, Durango, Mexico.
| | - Jaime Duarte-Sustaita
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Juarez University of the State of Durango, Gomez Palacio la Salle 1 y Sixto Ugalde, s/n, Col. Revolucion, C. P. 35050 Gomez Palacio, Durango, Mexico.
| | - Jorge L Candelas-Rangel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Juarez University of the State of Durango, Gomez Palacio la Salle 1 y Sixto Ugalde, s/n, Col. Revolucion, C. P. 35050 Gomez Palacio, Durango, Mexico.
| | - José M Salas-Pacheco
- Institute of Scientific Research, Juarez University of the State of Durango, AV. Universidad y Fanny Anitua s/n. Col. Centro, C. P. 34000 Durango, Mexico.
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11
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Lopes ACBA, Peixe TS, Mesas AE, Paoliello MMB. Lead Exposure and Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 236:193-238. [PMID: 26423075 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-20013-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lead is an environmental toxicant that can induce oxidative stress (OS) via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which has been reported as an important mechanism underlying lead toxicity (Gurer and Ercal 2000; Pande and Flora 2002; Kasperczyk et al. 2004a; Farmand et al. 2005; Verstraeten et al. 2008; Wang et al. 2009; Martinez-Haro et al. 2011). OS occurs when the generation of ROS exceeds the antioxidant system's ability to defend cells against oxidized molecules. ROS is a term generally used to refer to free radicals derived from O2 (e.g., superoxide anions [O2-] and hydroxyl radicals [OH-]) or to non-radical species (e.g. hydrogen peroxide [H2O2]) (Halliwell and Cross 1994).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiago S Peixe
- Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Science Center, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, Parana, Brazil
| | - Arthur E Mesas
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, Health Science Center, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, Parana, Brazil
| | - Monica M B Paoliello
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Science Center, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, Parana, Brazil
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Zhang H, Wei K, Zhang M, Liu R, Chen Y. Assessing the mechanism of DNA damage induced by lead through direct and indirect interactions. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 136:46-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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13
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Omobowale TO, Oyagbemi AA, Akinrinde AS, Saba AB, Daramola OT, Ogunpolu BS, Olopade JO. Failure of recovery from lead induced hepatoxicity and disruption of erythrocyte antioxidant defence system in Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 37:1202-11. [PMID: 24814264 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Lead acetate (PbA) is one of the major environmental contaminants with grave toxicological consequences both in the developing and developed countries. The liver and erythrocyte antioxidant status and markers of oxidative were assessed. Exposure of rats to PbA led to significant decline (p < 0.05) in hepatic and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH) content. Similarly, malondialdehyde (MDA) and H(2)O(2) concentrations were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated. Histopathology and immunohistology of liver of rats exposed to PbA showed focal areas of necrosis and COX-2 expression after 6 weeks of PbA withdrawal. Taken together, hepatic and erythrocytes antioxidant defence system failed to recover after withdrawal of the exposed PbA for the period of the study. In conclusion, experimental animals exposed to PbA did not recover from hepatotoxicity and disruption of erythrocyte antioxidant defence system via free radical generation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temidayo O Omobowale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ademola A Oyagbemi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Akinleye S Akinrinde
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adebowale B Saba
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oluwabusola T Daramola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Blessing S Ogunpolu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - James O Olopade
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
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Khan SY, Arshad M, Arshad N, Shafaat S, Tahir HM. A probable role of blood lead levels on some haematological parameters in traffic police, Lahore, Pakistan. Toxicol Ind Health 2013; 32:795-800. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233713511510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The impact of elevated blood lead level on some haematological parameters was studied in the field force of Lahore traffic police, in Pakistan. The blood samples were tested for total leucocytes count (TLC) and differential leucocytes count in the persons with high and low blood lead levels. The TLC and percentage of neutrophils and eosinophils were observed as being significantly elevated in the policemen. No significant change was observed in the percentage of lymphocytes, while the percentage of monocytes was observed as being significantly less in the field force of traffic police.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafaat Yar Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Najma Arshad
- Department of Zoology, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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