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Hou D, Yin B, Wang S, Li H, Weng S, Jiang X, Li H, Li C, He J, Huang Z. Intestine bacterial community affects the growth of the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:59. [PMID: 38180551 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12897-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that intestine microorganisms are closely related to shrimp growth, but there is no existing experiment to prove this hypothesis. Here, we compared the intestine bacterial community of fast- and slow-growing shrimp at the same developmental stage with a marked difference in body size. Our results showed that the intestine bacterial communities of slow-growing shrimp exhibited less diversity but were more heterogeneous than those of fast-growing shrimp. Uncultured_bacterium_g_Candidatus Bacilloplasma, Tamlana agarivorans, Donghicola tyrosinivorans, and uncultured_bacterium_f_Flavobacteriaceae were overrepresented in the intestines of fast-growing shrimp, while Shimia marina, Vibrio sp., and Vibrio campbellii showed the opposite trends. We further found that the bacterial community composition was significantly correlated with shrimp length, and some bacterial species abundances were found to be significantly correlated with shrimp weight and length, including T. agarivorans and V. campbellii, which were chosen as indicators for a reverse gavage experiment. Finally, T. agarivorans was found to significantly promote shrimp growth after the experiment. Collectively, these results suggest that intestine bacterial community could be important factors in determining the growth of shrimp, indicating that specific bacteria could be tested in further studies against shrimp growth retardation. KEY POINTS: • A close relationship between intestine bacterial community and shrimp growth was proven by controllable experiments. • The bacterial signatures of the intestine were markedly different between slow- and fast-growing shrimp, and the relative abundances of some intestine bacterial species were correlated significantly with shrimp body size. • Reverse gavage by Tamlana agarivorans significantly promoted shrimp growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoping Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology/Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiewu Jiang
- Guangdong Hisenor Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Guangdong Hisenor Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaozheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology/Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology/Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China.
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhijian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology/Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China.
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, People's Republic of China.
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Gao S, Zhang S, Sun J, He X, Xue S, Zhang W, Li P, Lin L, Qu Y, Ward-Fear G, Chen L, Li H. Nanoplastic pollution changes the intestinal microbiome but not the morphology or behavior of a freshwater turtle. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 934:173178. [PMID: 38750733 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Humans produce 350 million metric tons of plastic waste per year, leading to microplastic pollution and widespread environmental contamination, particularly in aquatic environments. This subsequently impacts aquatic organisms in myriad ways, yet the vast majority of research is conducted in marine, rather than freshwater systems. In this study, we exposed eggs and hatchlings of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) to 80-nm polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) and monitored the impacts on development, behavior and the gut microbiome. We demonstrate that 80-nm PS-NPs can penetrate the eggshell and move into developing embryos. This led to metabolic impairments, as evidenced by bradycardia (a decreased heart rate), which persisted until hatching. We found no evidence that nanoplastic exposure affected hatchling morphology, growth rates, or levels of boldness and exploration, yet we discuss some potential caveats here. Exposure to nanoplastics reduced the diversity and homogeneity of gut microbiota in P. sinensis, with the level of disruption correlating to the length of environmental exposure (during incubation only or post-hatching also). Thirteen core genera (with an initial abundance >1 %) shifted after nanoplastic treatment: pathogenic bacteria increased, beneficial probiotic bacteria decreased, and there was an increase in the proportion of negative correlations between bacterial genera. These changes could have profound impacts on the viability of turtles throughout their lives. Our study highlights the toxicity of environmental NPs to the embryonic development and survival of freshwater turtles. We provide insights about population trends of P. sinensis in the wild, and future directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Gao
- Herpetological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shufang Zhang
- Herpetological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiahui Sun
- Herpetological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinni He
- Herpetological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shaoshuai Xue
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Herpetological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peng Li
- Herpetological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Longhui Lin
- Herpetological Research Center, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yanfu Qu
- Herpetological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Georgia Ward-Fear
- School of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Lian Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Hong Li
- Herpetological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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3
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Bao Y, He X, Zhai Y, Shen W, Jing M, Liu Y, Yang H, Chen L. Effects of glyphosate-based herbicide on gut microbes and hepatopancreatic metabolism in Pomacea canaliculata. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116549. [PMID: 38852467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Roundup®, a prominent glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH), holds a significant position in the global market. However, studies of its effects on aquatic invertebrates, including molluscs are limited. Pomacea canaliculata, a large freshwater snail naturally thrives in agricultural environments where GBH is extensively employed. Our investigation involved assessing the impact of two concentrations of GBH (at concentrations of 19.98 mg/L and 59.94 mg/L, corresponding to 6 mg/L and 18 mg/L glyphosate) during a 96 h exposure experiment on the intestinal bacterial composition and metabolites of P. canaliculata. Analysis of the 16 S rRNA gene demonstrated a notable reduction in the alpha diversity of intestinal bacteria due to GBH exposure. Higher GBH concentration caused a significant shift in the relative abundance of dominant bacteria, such as Bacteroides and Paludibacter. We employed widely-targeted metabolomics analysis to analyze alterations in the hepatopancreatic metabolic profile as a consequence of GBH exposure. The shifts in metabolites primarily affected lipid, amino acid, and glucose metabolism, resulting in compromised immune and adaptive capacities in P. canaliculata. These results suggested that exposure to varying GBH concentrations perpetuates adverse effects on intestinal and hepatopancreatic health of P. canaliculata. This study provides an understanding of the negative effects of GBH on P. canaliculata and may sheds light on its potential implications for other molluscs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Bao
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xinni He
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Yiying Zhai
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wenjia Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Muzi Jing
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuyao Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Haiyun Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Lian Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Xia J, Ge C, Yao H. Antimicrobial peptides: An alternative to antibiotic for mitigating the risks of Antibiotic resistance in aquaculture. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118619. [PMID: 38442817 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of antibiotics increases the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in various matrices and poses the potential risk of ARG transmission, garnering global attention. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a promising novel category of antimicrobials that may address the urgent issue of antibiotic resistance. Here, a zebrafish cultivation assay in which zebrafish were fed a diet supplemented with AMP (Cecropin A) or antibiotics was conducted to determine the effects of the intervention on the microorganisms and antibiotic resistance spectrum in zebrafish gut samples. Cecropin A treatment decreased the α-diversity of the microbiota. Moreover, NMDS (nonmetric multidimensional scaling) results revealed that the β-diversity in the microbiota was more similar between the control (CK) and Cecropin A samples than between the antibiotic treatment groups. The absolute quantity of ARGs in the AMP treatment was less than that observed in the antibiotic treatment. The findings indicated that FFCH7168, Chitinibacter and Cetobacterium were the most significant biomarkers detected in the CK, Cecropin A and antibiotic treatments, respectively. Although the use of antibiotics notably enhanced the occurrence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, the application of Cecropin A did not lead to this phenomenon. The results indicated that the application of AMPs can effectively manage and control ARGs in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
| | - Chaorong Ge
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
| | - Huaiying Yao
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China; Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315800, PR China.
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5
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Hou D, Li H, Wang S, Weng S, He J. Nitrite nitrogen stress disrupts the intestine bacterial community by altering host-community interactions in shrimp. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 925:171536. [PMID: 38461992 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Environmental stress can disrupt the intricate interactions between the host and intestine microbiota, thereby impacting the host health. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the dynamic changes in the bacterial community within shrimp intestines under nitrite nitrogen (nitrite-N) stress and investigate potential host-related factors influencing these changes. Our results revealed a significant reduction in community diversity within the intestine exposed to nitrite-N compared to control conditions. Furthermore, distinct differences in community structures were observed between these two groups at 72 h and 120 h post-stress induction. Nitrite-N stress also altered the abundances of some bacterial species in the intestine dramatically. It is noteworthy that, in comparison to the 72 h, intestine bacterial community structure of stressed shrimp exhibited a significantly higher degree of dispersion after 120 h of nitrite-N stress when compared to control shrimp, and the relative abundance of numerous bacterial species experienced a substantial decrease or even reached 0 %. Moreover, it led to a reduction in bacterial community interactions and decreased competitiveness within the intestine microbiota. Notably, the influence of bacterial community assemblies in the shrimp intestine shifted from a stochastic process to a deterministic one after 24 h and 72 h of nitrite-N stress, returning to a stochastic process at 120 h. We further observed a close association between this phenomenon and host's response to nitrite-N stress. Expression levels of differentially expressed genes in the intestinal tissue significantly impact the intestine bacterial diversity and abundance of species. In particular, the significant decline in bacterial diversity and abundances of quite a few species in intestine was attributed to the up-regulation of peritrophin-48-like. Overall, nitrite-N stress indeed disrupted the intestine microbiota and changed the host-microbiota interactions of shrimp. This study offered novel insights into environment-host-microbiota interactions and also provided practical guidance for promoting healthy shrimp cultivation practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoping Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology/Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China
| | - Jianguo He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology/Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China.
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6
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Liu X, Liu F, Liu L, Song Y, Liu H. Carbamazepine transmits immune effect by activation of gut-liver axis and TLR signaling pathway from parental zebrafish to offspring. Toxicol Sci 2024; 199:108-119. [PMID: 38445754 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ) has been identified in the aquatic environment as an emerging contaminant. Its immune effect across generations at environmentally relevant concentrations is little known. We aim to elucidate the effects of CBZ on the immune system in zebrafish (Danio rerio), hypothesizing the effects caused by CBZ exposure in the parental generation can be passed on to its offspring, leading to impairment of innate immune function and defense against pathogen weakened. A suite of bioassays (including a test with added lipopolysaccharide) was used to measure the effects of environmentally relevant levels of CBZ (1, 10, and 100 μg/l) on zebrafish at multiple biological levels, and across 2 successive generations (21 days exposure for F0; 5 and 21 days exposure or nonexposure for F1). The results showed that CBZ affected homeostasis in the immune system, caused liver vacuolization, increased the inflammation-related microbiota proportion in gut, and decreased reproduction, by induction of oxidative stress and modulation of Toll-like receptors (TLR) signaling pathway on gut-liver axis. The effects of exposure to CBZ over 21 days in F0 could be passed to the next generation. Intergenerational effects on TLR and antioxidant defense system were also observed in nonexposed F1 at 5 days post-fertilization (5 dpf), but diminished at 21 dpf. The finding provided evidence to unravel immune response by gut-liver axis mediated and oxidative stress under 4 test conditions. The study has raised a potential concern about the multigenerational immune effects of environmental pollutants and calls for a focus on the risk of synergetic pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Fan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - You Song
- Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo 0579, Norway
| | - Hongling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
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Liang Y, Wang Z, Gao N, Qi X, Zeng J, Cui K, Lu W, Bai S. Variations and Interseasonal Changes in the Gut Microbial Communities of Seven Wild Fish Species in a Natural Lake with Limited Water Exchange during the Closed Fishing Season. Microorganisms 2024; 12:800. [PMID: 38674744 PMCID: PMC11052518 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota of fish is crucial for their growth, development, nutrient uptake, physiological balance, and disease resistance. Yet our knowledge of these microbial communities in wild fish populations in their natural ecosystems is insufficient. This study systematically examined the gut microbial communities of seven wild fish species in Chaohu Lake, a fishing-restricted area with minimal water turnover, across four seasons. We found significant variations in gut microbial community structures among species. Additionally, we observed significant seasonal and regional variations in the gut microbial communities. The Chaohu Lake fish gut microbial communities were predominantly composed of the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria(Gamma), Proteobacteria(Alpha), Actinobacteriota, and Cyanobacteria. At the genus level, Aeromonas, Cetobacterium, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Romboutsia, and Pseudomonas emerged as the most prevalent. A co-occurrence network analysis revealed that C. auratus, C. carpio, and C. brachygnathus possessed more complex and robust gut microbial networks than H. molitrix, C. alburnus, C. ectenes taihuensis, and A. nobilis. Certain microbial groups, such as Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Romboutsia, and Pseudomonas, were both dominant and keystone in the fish gut microbial network. Our study offers a new approach for studying the wild fish gut microbiota in natural, controlled environments. It offers an in-depth understanding of gut microbial communities in wild fish living in stable, limited water exchange natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China; (Y.L.); (N.G.); (K.C.); (W.L.)
| | - Zijia Wang
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China; (Z.W.); (X.Q.); (J.Z.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Na Gao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China; (Y.L.); (N.G.); (K.C.); (W.L.)
| | - Xiaoxue Qi
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China; (Z.W.); (X.Q.); (J.Z.)
| | - Juntao Zeng
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China; (Z.W.); (X.Q.); (J.Z.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kai Cui
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China; (Y.L.); (N.G.); (K.C.); (W.L.)
| | - Wenxuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China; (Y.L.); (N.G.); (K.C.); (W.L.)
| | - Shijie Bai
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China; (Z.W.); (X.Q.); (J.Z.)
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Li M, Ghonimy A, Chen DQ, Li JT, He YY, López Greco LS, Dyzenchauz F, Chang ZQ. Profile of the gut microbiota of Pacific white shrimp under industrial indoor farming system. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:225. [PMID: 38376561 PMCID: PMC10879296 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbial communities interact with the host immunity and physiological functions. In this study, we investigated the bacterial composition in Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp's gut and rearing water under different host (developmental stage: juvenile and adult; health status: healthy and diseased) and environmental factors (temperature 25 °C and 28 °C; and light intensity: low and high). The PCoA analysis showed that all water samples were clustered together in a quarter, whereas the gut samples spread among three quarters. In terms of functional bacteria, gut samples of adult shrimp, healthy adult shrimp, adult shrimp raised at 28 °C, and juvenile shrimp under high light intensity exhibited a higher abundance of Vibrionaceae compared to each other opposite group. Gut samples of juvenile shrimp, infected adult shrimp, juvenile shrimp with low light intensity, and adult shrimp with a water temperature of 25 °C showed a higher abundance of Pseudoaltromonadaceae bacteria compared to each other opposite group. Gut samples of juvenile shrimp, healthy adult shrimp, adult shrimp raised at a water temperature of 28 °C, and juvenile shrimp with high light intensity showed the higher abundance of Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio compared to each other opposite group. Our results showed that L. vannamei juveniles are more sensitive to bacterial infections; besides, water temperature of 28 °C and high light intensity groups were both important conditions improving the shrimp gut bacterial composition under industrial indoor farming systems. KEY POINTS: • Bacteria diversity was higher among shrimp intestinal microbiota compared to the rearing water. • Shrimp juveniles are more sensitive to bacterial infection compared to adults. • Water temperature of 28 °C and high light intensity are recommended conditions for white shrimp aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Abdallah Ghonimy
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Dai-Qiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ying He
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Laura Susana López Greco
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción y el Crecimiento de Crustáceos Decápodos, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, 1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Dyzenchauz
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción y el Crecimiento de Crustáceos Decápodos, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, 1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Zhi-Qiang Chang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Huo J, Li X, Hu X, Lv A. Multi-omics analysis of miRNA-mediated intestinal microflora changes in crucian carp Carassius auratus infected with Rahnella aquatilis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1335602. [PMID: 38426108 PMCID: PMC10902443 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1335602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Infection by an emerging bacterial pathogen Rahnella aquatilis caused enteritis and septicemia in fish. However, the molecular pathogenesis of enteritis induced by R. aquatilis infection and its interacting mechanism of the intestinal microflora associated with microRNA (miRNA) immune regulation in crucian carp Carassius auratus are still unclear. In this study, C. auratus intraperitoneally injected with R. aquatilis KCL-5 was used as an experimental animal model, and the intestinal pathological changes, microflora, and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were investigated by multi-omics analysis. The significant changes in histopathological features, apoptotic cells, and enzyme activities (e.g., lysozyme (LYS), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)) in the intestine were examined after infection. Diversity and composition analysis of the intestinal microflora clearly demonstrated four dominant bacteria: Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes. A total of 87 DEMs were significantly screened, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses revealed that the potential target genes were mainly involved in the regulation of lipid, glutathione, cytosine, and purine metabolism, which participated in the local immune response through the intestinal immune network for IgA production, lysosome, and Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways. Moreover, the expression levels of 11 target genes (e.g., TLR3, MyD88, NF-κB, TGF-β, TNF-α, MHC II, IL-22, LysC, F2, F5, and C3) related to inflammation and immunity were verified by qRT-PCR detection. The correlation analysis indicated that the abundance of intestinal Firmicutes and Proteobacteria was significantly associated with the high local expression of miR-203/NF-κB, miR-129/TNF-α, and miR-205/TGF-β. These findings will help to elucidate the molecular regulation mechanism of the intestinal microflora, inflammation, and immune response-mediated miRNA-target gene axis in cyprinid fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Huo
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiucai Hu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Aijun Lv
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
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Guo K, Sun Y, Tang X, Zhou X, Jiang M, Yang Q, Li Y, Wu Z. Pathogenicity and inactivated vaccine treatment of Aeromonas veronii JW-4 on crucian carp. Microb Pathog 2023; 183:106315. [PMID: 37611778 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii is a common bacterium found in a variety of aquatic environments, capable of causing a diverse array of diseases in both aquatic animals and humans. Therefore, evaluating the pathogenicity of A. veronii and implementing measures to control its spread are essential. In this study, a strain JW-4, identified as A. veronii, was isolated from diseased Scaphesthes macrolepis, a grade Ⅱ protected animal in China. To investigate the pathogenicity of the strain, fish were fed with serial levels JW-4 supplemented diet or basal diet (control group 1, CG1) for 28 days (d). Results showed that JW-4 stimulated an immune response, evidenced by an increase in immune-related enzyme activities (GOT and GPT) of serum and liver and an upregulation of genes expression levels (TNF-α and IFN-γ) of liver and spleen, and these effects gradually decreased over time. Histopathological examination revealed that JW-4 could alter the tissue structure of immune organs, such as liver and kidney. These changes were accompanied by vacuolar degeneration, nuclear dissolution, and an increased lymphocyte count. To assess protective effects of a vaccine against this strain, fish were injected with an inactivated vaccine (immunization group, IG) or 0.85% sterile saline (control group 2, CG2) for 28-day observation period, then challenged with JW-4 on the 28th day. The inactivated vaccine enhanced total and specific IgM to A. veronii levels of the fish, resulting in a relative percentage survival of 75% in IG. These findings provide a foundation for identifying pathogenic bacteria and developing more effective prophylactic strategies in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kefan Guo
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Research Center of Fishery Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yu Sun
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Research Center of Fishery Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiaoqi Tang
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Research Center of Fishery Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xicheng Zhou
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Research Center of Fishery Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Mi Jiang
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Research Center of Fishery Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qinglin Yang
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Research Center of Fishery Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Research Center of Fishery Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhengli Wu
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Research Center of Fishery Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Chang YT, Ko HT, Wu PL, Kumar R, Wang HC, Lu HP. Gut microbiota of Pacific white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei) exhibits distinct responses to pathogenic and non-pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0118023. [PMID: 37750710 PMCID: PMC10580984 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01180-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), a high-mortality-rate shrimp disease, is caused by specific Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) strains with a plasmid encoding the PirABVp toxins. As a bacterial pathogen, the invasion of AHPND-causing Vp might impose pressure on commensal microbiota in the shrimp gut, while the relationship between the pathogenesis of AHPND and the dysbiosis of gut bacterial communities remains unclear. Here we explored the temporal changes of shrimp gut microbiota in response to AHPND-causing and non-AHPND-causing Vp strains, with the non-infected controls as a baseline of the shrimp gut microbiota. The diversity and composition of bacterial communities from 168 gut samples (covering three treatments at seven time points with eight individuals per set) were investigated using 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding with high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that (i) species diversity of gut bacterial communities declined in Vp-infected shrimp, independent of the strain pathogenicity; (ii) taxonomic compositions of gut bacterial communities were significantly different between shrimp infected by AHPND-causing and non-AHPND-causing Vp strains; (iii) short-term (within 6 hours) compositional shifts in the gut microbiota were found only in AHPND-causing Vp-infected shrimp; (iv) the gut microbiota of AHPND-causing Vp-infected shrimp was enriched with genera Photobacterium and Vibrio, with a decline in Candidatus Bacilliplasma; and (v) functional predictions suggested the loss of normal metabolism due to compositional shifts in the gut microbiota. Our work reveals distinct features of community dynamics in shrimp gut microbiota, associated with pathogenic versus non-pathogenic Vibrio infections, providing a new perspective of the pathogenesis of AHPND. IMPORTANCE Shrimp production is continually threatened by newly emerging diseases, such as AHPND, which is caused by specific Vp strains. Previous studies on the pathogenesis of AHPND have mainly focused on the histopathology and immune responses of the host. However, more attention needs to be paid to the gut microbiota, which acts as the first barrier to pathogen colonization. In this study, we revealed that shrimp gut microbiota responded differently to pathogenic and non-pathogenic Vp strains, with bacterial genera Photobacterium and Vibrio enriched in pathogenic Vp-infected shrimp, and Candidatus Bacilliplasma enriched in non-pathogenic Vp-infected shrimp. Moreover, functional predictions suggested that changes in taxonomic compositions would further affect normal metabolic functions, emphasizing the importance of sustaining an equilibrium in the gut microbiota. Several biomarkers associated with specific microbial taxa and functional pathways were identified in our data sets, which help predict the incidence of disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ting Ko
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Lun Wu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ramya Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- International Center for Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ching Wang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- International Center for Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Pei Lu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Hou D, Lian T, Guo G, Gong H, Wu C, Han P, Weng S, He J. Integration of microbiome and Koch's postulates to reveal multiple bacterial pathogens of whitish muscle syndrome in mud crab, Scylla paramamosain. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:155. [PMID: 37475003 PMCID: PMC10357871 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01570-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For more than a century, the Koch's postulates have been the golden rule for determining the causative agents in diseases. However, in cases of multiple pathogens-one disease, in which different pathogens can cause the same disease, the selection of microorganisms that regress infection is hard when Koch's postulates are applied. Microbiome approaches can obtain relatively complete information about disease-related microorganisms and can guide the selection of target microorganisms for regression infection. In the present study, whitish muscle syndrome (WMS) of Scylla paramamosain, which has typical symptoms with whitish muscle and blackened hemolymph was used as an example to establish a new research strategy that integrates microbiome approaches and Koch's postulates to determinate causative agents of multiple pathogens-one disease. RESULTS Microbiome results revealed that Aeromonas, Acinetobacter, Shewanella, Chryseomicrobium, Exiguobacterium, Vibrio and Flavobacterium, and Kurtzmaniella in hemolymph were bacterial and fungal indicators for WMS. A total of 23 bacteria and 14 fungi were isolated from hemolymph and muscle tissues, and among the bacteria, Shewanella chilikensis, S. xiamenensis, Vibrio alginolyticus, S. putrefaciens, V. fluvialis, and V. parahaemolyticus were present in hemolymph and/or muscle tissues in each WMS crab, and the last three species were also present in three Healthy crabs. The target bacteria and fungi were further screened to regression infections based on two criteria: whether they belonged to the indicator genera for WMS, whether they were isolated from both hemolymph and muscle tissues in most WMS crabs. Only S. chilikensis, S. putrefaciens, S. xiamenensis, V. alginolyticus, V. fluvialis, and V. parahaemolyticus met both two criteria. The six bacteria that met both two criteria and six fungi and another bacterium that unmatched any of two criteria were used to perform regression infection experiments based on Koch's postulates. S. chilikensis, S. putrefaciens, S. xiamenensis, V. alginolyticus, V. fluvialis, and V. parahaemolyticus met both two criteria, and the results indicate that they cause WMS in crabs independently. CONCLUSIONS This study fully demonstrated that our research strategy that integrates the microbiome and Koch's postulates can maximize the ability to catch pathogens in one net for the situation of multiple pathogens-one disease. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences/China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory On Mariculture Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Taixin Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences/China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory On Mariculture Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences/China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory On Mariculture Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences/China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory On Mariculture Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengcheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences/China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory On Mariculture Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences/China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory On Mariculture Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoping Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences/China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory On Mariculture Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- School of Life Sciences/China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory On Mariculture Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, People's Republic of China.
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Liao X, Yang J, Zhou Z, Wu J, Xu D, Yang Q, Zhong S, Zhang X. Diversity and Antimicrobial Activity of Intestinal Fungi from Three Species of Coral Reef Fish. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:613. [PMID: 37367549 DOI: 10.3390/jof9060613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Although intestinal microbiota play crucial roles in fish digestion and health, little is known about intestinal fungi in fish. This study investigated the intestinal fungal diversity of three coral reef fish (Lates calcarifer, Trachinotus blochii, and Lutjanus argentimaculatus) from the South China Sea using a culturable method. A total of 387 isolates were recovered and identified by sequencing their internal transcribed spacer sequences, belonging to 29 known fungal species. The similarity of fungal communities in the intestines of the three fish verified that the fungal colonization might be influenced by their surrounding environments. Furthermore, the fungal communities in different intestines of some fish were significantly different, and the number of yeasts in the hindgut was less than that in fore- and mid-intestines, suggesting that the distribution of fungi in fishes' intestines may be related to the physiological functions of various intestinal segments. In addition, 51.4% of tested fungal isolates exhibited antimicrobial activity against at least one marine pathogenic microorganism. Notably, isolate Aureobasidium pullulans SCAU243 exhibited strong antifungal activity against Aspergillus versicolor, and isolate Schizophyllum commune SCAU255 displayed extensive antimicrobial activity against four marine pathogenic microorganisms. This study contributed to our understanding of intestinal fungi in coral reef fish and further increased the library of fungi available for natural bioactive product screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liao
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jiadenghui Yang
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zanhu Zhou
- Technical Center of Xiamen Customs, Xiamen 361026, China
| | - Jinying Wu
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dunming Xu
- Technical Center of Xiamen Customs, Xiamen 361026, China
| | - Qiaoting Yang
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Gallet A, Halary S, Duval C, Huet H, Duperron S, Marie B. Disruption of fish gut microbiota composition and holobiont's metabolome during a simulated Microcystis aeruginosa (Cyanobacteria) bloom. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:108. [PMID: 37194081 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01558-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyanobacterial blooms are one of the most common stressors encountered by metazoans living in freshwater lentic systems such as lakes and ponds. Blooms reportedly impair fish health, notably through oxygen depletion and production of bioactive compounds including cyanotoxins. However, in the times of the "microbiome revolution", it is surprising that so little is still known regarding the influence of blooms on fish microbiota. In this study, an experimental approach is used to demonstrate that blooms affect fish microbiome composition and functions, as well as the metabolome of holobionts. To this end, the model teleost Oryzias latipes is exposed to simulated Microcystis aeruginosa blooms of various intensities in a microcosm setting, and the response of bacterial gut communities is evaluated in terms of composition and metabolome profiling. Metagenome-encoded functions are compared after 28 days between control individuals and those exposed to highest bloom level. RESULTS The gut bacterial community of O. latipes exhibits marked responses to the presence of M. aeruginosa blooms in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, abundant gut-associated Firmicutes almost disappear, while potential opportunists increase. The holobiont's gut metabolome displays major changes, while functions encoded in the metagenome of bacterial partners are more marginally affected. Bacterial communities tend to return to original composition after the end of the bloom and remain sensitive in case of a second bloom, reflecting a highly reactive gut community. CONCLUSION Gut-associated bacterial communities and holobiont functioning are affected by both short and long exposure to M. aeruginosa, and show evidence of post-bloom resilience. These findings point to the significance of bloom events to fish health and fitness, including survival and reproduction, through microbiome-related effects. In the context of increasingly frequent and intense blooms worldwide, potential outcomes relevant to conservation biology as well as aquaculture warrant further investigation. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Gallet
- UMR7245 Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Halary
- UMR7245 Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Duval
- UMR7245 Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Huet
- UMR1161 Virologie, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, INRA - ANSES - ENVA, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Sébastien Duperron
- UMR7245 Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Paris, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
| | - Benjamin Marie
- UMR7245 Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Paris, France.
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Bi S, Lai H, Guo D, Yi H, Li H, Liu X, Chen Q, Chen J, Zhang Z, Wei X, Li G, Xin G. The characteristics of the intestinal bacterial community from Oreochromis mossambicus and its interaction with microbiota from artificial fishery habitats. BMC Ecol Evol 2023; 23:16. [PMID: 37158858 PMCID: PMC10165841 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-023-02120-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artificial habitats can allow many fish to flock together and interact and have been widely used to restore and protect fishery resources. The piece of research intends to elucidate the relationship of microbial communities between tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) intestines and artificial fishery habitats (water and sediments). Hence, 16 S rDNA sequencing technology was used to study the bacterial communities from intestines, water, and sediments. RESULTS The results showed that the tilapia intestines had the lowest richness of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) and the lowest diversity of the bacterial community compared to water and sediments. The intestine, water, and sediment microbial communities shared many OTUs. Overall, 663 shared OTUs were identified from the tilapia intestines (76.20%), the surrounding water (71.14%), and sediment (56.86%) in artificial habitats. However, there were unique OTUs that were detected in different sample types. There were 81, 77 and 112 unique OTUs observed in tilapia intestines, the surrounding water and sediment, respectively. Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the most common and dominant bacterial phyla between the tilapia intestines and habitats. In the two groups, the microbial communities were similar in the taxonomic composition but different in the abundance of bacterial phyla. Interestingly, Firmicutes increased, while Fusobacteria decreased in artificial habitats. These findings indicated that the artificial habitats had fewer effects on the water environment and indicated that the mode of artificial habitats could have an effect on the enriched bacteria in the tilapia intestines. CONCLUSIONS This study analysed the bacterial communities of artificial habitats from the intestines, water, and sediments, which can explain the relationship between the tilapia intestines and habitats and strengthen the value of ecological services provided by artificial habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Bi
- School of Agriculture, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, 518107, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Han Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dingli Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Huadong Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haiyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xuange Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qiuxian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhilun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xuchong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guifeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Guorong Xin
- School of Agriculture, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, 518107, China.
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Suzzi AL, Stat M, Gaston TF, Siboni N, Williams NLR, Seymour JR, Huggett MJ. Elevated estuary water temperature drives fish gut dysbiosis and increased loads of pathogenic vibrionaceae. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 219:115144. [PMID: 36584839 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Marine water temperatures are increasing globally, with eastern Australian estuaries warming faster than predicted. There is growing evidence that this rapid warming of coastal waters is increasing the abundance and virulence of pathogenic members of the Vibrionaceae, posing a significant health risk to both humans and aquatic organisms. Fish disease, notably outbreaks of emerging pathogens in response to environmental perturbations such as heatwaves, have been recognised in aquaculture settings. Considerably less is known about how rising sea surface temperatures will impact the microbiology of wild fish populations, particularly those within estuarine systems that are more vulnerable to warming. We used a combination of Vibrio-specific quantitative PCR and amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA and hsp60 genes to examine seawater and fish (Pelates sexlineatus) gut microbial communities across a quasi-natural experimental system, where thermal pollution from coal-fired power stations creates a temperature gradient of up to 6 °C, compatible with future predicted temperature increases. At the warmest site, fish hindgut microbial communities were in a state of dysbiosis characterised by shifts in beta diversity and a proliferation (71.5% relative abundance) of the potential fish pathogen Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae. Comparable patterns were not identified in the surrounding seawater, indicating opportunistic proliferation within estuarine fish guts under thermal stress. A subsequent evaluation of predicted future warming-related risk due to pathogenic Vibrionaceae in temperate estuarine fish demonstrated that warming is likely to drive opportunistic pathogen increases in the upper latitudinal range of this estuarine fish, potentially impacting adaptations to future warming. These findings represent a breakthrough in our understanding of the dynamics of emerging pathogens in populations of wild aquatic organisms within environments likely to experience rapid warming under future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra L Suzzi
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, 2258, Australia.
| | - Michael Stat
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, 2258, Australia
| | - Troy F Gaston
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, 2258, Australia
| | - Nachshon Siboni
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Nathan L R Williams
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Justin R Seymour
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Megan J Huggett
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, 2258, Australia; Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
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17
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Zhao R, Symonds JE, Walker SP, Steiner K, Carter CG, Bowman JP, Nowak BF. Relationship between gut microbiota and Chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) health and growth performance in freshwater recirculating aquaculture systems. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1065823. [PMID: 36825086 PMCID: PMC9941681 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1065823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota play important roles in fish health and growth performance and the microbiome in fish has been shown to be a biomarker for stress. In this study, we surveyed the change of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) gut and water microbiota in freshwater recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) for 7 months and evaluated how gut microbial communities were influenced by fish health and growth performance. The gut microbial diversity significantly increased in parallel with the growth of the fish. The dominant gut microbiota shifted from a predominance of Firmicutes to Proteobacteria, while Proteobacteria constantly dominated the water microbiota. Photobacterium sp. was persistently the major gut microbial community member during the whole experiment and was identified as the core gut microbiota for freshwater farmed Chinook salmon. No significant variation in gut microbial diversity and composition was observed among fish with different growth performance. At the end of the trial, 36 out of 78 fish had fluid in their swim bladders. These fish had gut microbiomes containing elevated proportions of Enterococcus, Stenotrophomonas, Aeromonas, and Raoultella. Our study supports the growing body of knowledge about the beneficial microbiota associated with modern salmon aquaculture systems and provides additional information on possible links between dysbiosis and gut microbiota for Chinook salmon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixiang Zhao
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Newnham, TAS, Australia,*Correspondence: Ruixiang Zhao, ✉
| | - Jane E. Symonds
- Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand,Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | | | | | - Chris G. Carter
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Newnham, TAS, Australia,Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - John P. Bowman
- Centre for Food Safety and Innovation, Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Barbara F. Nowak
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Newnham, TAS, Australia,Barbara F. Nowak, ✉
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Suzzi AL, Stat M, MacFarlane GR, Seymour JR, Williams NL, Gaston TF, Alam MR, Huggett MJ. Legacy metal contamination is reflected in the fish gut microbiome in an urbanised estuary. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120222. [PMID: 36150623 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Estuaries are critical habitats subject to a range of stressors requiring effective management. Microbes are gaining recognition as effective environmental indicators, however, the response of host associated communities to stressors remains poorly understood. We examined microbial communities from seawater, sediments and the estuarine fish Pelates sexlineatus, in Australia's largest urbanised estuary, and hypothesised that anthropogenic contamination would be reflected in the microbiology of these sample types. The human faecal markers Lachno3 and HF183 were not detected, indicating negligible influence of sewage, but a gradient in copy numbers of the class 1 integron (intI-1), which is often used as a marker for anthropogenic contamination, was observed in sediments and positively correlated with metal concentrations. While seawater communities were not strongly driven by metal contamination, shifts in the diversity and composition of the fish gut microbiome were observed, with statistical links to levels of metal contamination (F2, 21 = 1.536, p < 0.01). Within the fish gut microbiome, we further report increased relative abundance of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs; single inferred DNA sequences obtained in sequencing) identified as metal resistant and potentially pathogenic genera, as well as those that may have roles in inflammation. These results demonstrate that microbial communities from distinct habitats within estuarine systems have unique response to stressors, and alterations of the fish gut microbiome may have implications for the adaptation of estuarine fish to legacy metal contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra L Suzzi
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, 2258, Australia.
| | - Michael Stat
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, 2258, Australia
| | - Geoff R MacFarlane
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, 2258, Australia
| | - Justin R Seymour
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Nathan Lr Williams
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Troy F Gaston
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, 2258, Australia
| | - Md Rushna Alam
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, 2258, Australia; Department of Aquaculture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Megan J Huggett
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, 2258, Australia; Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
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19
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Characterization and Dynamics of the Gut Microbiota in Rice Fishes at Different Developmental Stages in Rice-Fish Coculture Systems. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122373. [PMID: 36557627 PMCID: PMC9787495 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The rice-fish system (RFS), a traditional coculture farming model, was selected as a "globally important agricultural heritage system." Host-associated microbiota play important roles in development, metabolism, physiology, and immune function. However, studies on the gut microbiota of aquatic animals in the RFS are scarce, especially the lack of baseline knowledge of the dynamics of gut microbial communities in rice fish during different developmental stages. In this study, we characterized the microbial composition, community structure, and functions of several sympatric aquatic animals (common carp (Cyprinus carpio), crucian carp (Carassius carassius), and black-spotted frogs (Pelophylax nigromaculatus)), and the environment (water) in the RFS using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Moreover, we investigated stage-specific signatures in the gut microbiota of common carp throughout the three developmental stages (juvenile, sub-adult, and adult). Our results indicated that the Fusobacteriota, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes were dominant gut microbial phyla in rice fish. The differences in gut microbial compositions and community structure between the three aquatic species were observed. Although no significant differences in alpha diversity were observed across the three developmental stages, the microbial composition and community structure varied with development in common carp in the RFS, with an increase in the relative abundance of Firmicutes in sub-adults and a shift in the functional features of the community. This study sheds light on the gut microbiota of aquatic animals in the RFS. It deepens our understanding of the dynamics of gut microflora during common carp development, which may help improve aquaculture strategies in the RFS.
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Hao J, Wang S, Yang J, Zhang Q, Wu Z, Zhang D, Li A. Attenuated Streptococcus agalactiae WC1535 ∆Sia perturbs the gut microbiota of Oreochromis niloticus, massively colonizes the intestine, and induces intestinal mucosal immunity after intraperitoneal inoculation. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1036432. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1036432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously developed and assessed the effectiveness of the attenuated Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) strain WC1535 ∆Sia (with neuA-D gene cluster deletion) vaccine in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). In this study, we characterized the bacterial communities of the tilapia intestines by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and assessed the serum antibody response, expression of immune-related genes, and histological changes following formalin-killed GBS vaccine (FKV) and the live attenuated vaccine ∆Sia (LAV). Results showed that FKV and LAV induced robust systemic and intestinal mucosal immune responses in tilapia without causing obvious pathological changes in the hindgut, spleen, and head kidney but exerted different effects on intestinal bacterial communities. The richness or diversity of the intestinal bacterial community of FKV tilapia showed no significant changes compared with that of the control fish (p > 0.05) at either day 21 post-initial vaccination (21 dpiv) or day 35 (day 14 after the second immunization) (35 dpiv). The community composition of FKV tilapia and controls was significantly similar, although the relative abundance of some genera was significantly altered. Relative to control fish, the gut ecosystem of LAV tilapia was significantly disturbed with a substantial increase in community diversity at 21 dpiv (p < 0.05) and a significant decrease at 35 dpiv in fish with high serum antibody response (ΔSia35H) (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between ΔSia35H and ΔSia35L (low serum antibody response) fish (p > 0.05). Moreover, the community composition of LAV tilapia at 21 dpiv or 35 dpiv was considerably different from that of the controls. Particularly, GBS ∆Sia was found to be abundant in the intestine at 21 and 35 dpiv. This result suggested that the parenteral administration of the LAV (∆Sia) may also have the effect of oral vaccination in addition to the immune effect of injection vaccination. In addition, a significant correlation was found between the expression of immune-related genes and certain bacterial species in the intestinal mucosal flora. Our findings will contribute to a better understanding of the effects of inactivated and attenuated vaccines on gut microbiota and their relationship with the immune response.
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Zhang P, Lu G, Sun Y, Zhang J, Liu J, Yan Z. Aged microplastics change the toxicological mechanism of roxithromycin on Carassius auratus: Size-dependent interaction and potential long-term effects. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 169:107540. [PMID: 36166955 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Size effects of microplastics have received extensive attention for their influence on other pollutants and harm to organisms. In this study, we investigated the uptake, elimination, tissue distribution and potential toxicity mechanism of roxithromycin (ROX) in the presence of 0.5, 5 and 50 μm of aged microplastics (AMPs) in Carassius auratus. The results showed that AMPs promoted the ROX bioaccumulation of various tissues in a size-dependent manner. AMPs and ROX significantly induced superoxide dismutase and catalase activities of liver and gut, and inhibited acetylcholinesterase activities of brain. The coexistence of smaller AMPs exacerbated pathological abnormalities in liver, gill and brain induced by ROX, while larger AMPs caused more intestinal damage. Moreover, high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that the abundance of Proteobacteria in 0.5 μm AMPs and ROX joint treatments and Firmicutes and Bacteroidota in 50 μm AMPs and ROX joint treatments were significantly raised (p < 0.05). Metabolomics revealed that AMPs and ROX had a size-dependent long-term effect on gut microbial metabolites, which was mainly related to galactose metabolism, amino acid metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis pathways after a 7-day elimination, respectively. These results provide important insights into the relationship between the size effect of AMPs and interaction mechanism of AMPs and coexisting pollutants on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Guanghua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Jianchao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Zhenhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
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22
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Baumgärtner S, James J, Ellison A. The supplementation of a prebiotic improves the microbial community in the gut and the skin of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar). AQUACULTURE REPORTS 2022; 25:None. [PMID: 35957625 PMCID: PMC9352597 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2022.101204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture growth is hindered by an increasing number of challenges, primarily infectious diseases and inappropriate or unsustainable fish nutrition. Hence it is critical to develop novel prevention strategies to minimise infectious diseases and pharmaceutical interventions. Nutritional challenges and the health of the fish could be improved by managing their microbial communities. Microbiomes can play a crucial role in fish physiology, particularly in digestion, by metabolizing largely indigestible feed components for the host or synthesis essential micronutrients. Beyond their nutritional role, microbiomes are considered the first line of defence against pathogens. In this study, a novel prebiotic mix (Selectovit), composed of 1,3/1,6-beta glucans, mannan-oligosaccharides, nucleic acids, nucleotides, medium chain fatty acids and single chain fatty acids, was tested at different inclusion levels (0.0; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0 g/kg) in the diet of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Using experimental feed trials and 16 S rRNA microbiome profiling, the impact of the prebiotic blend on fish growth and microbial community within both the gastrointestinal tract and the skin was assessed. Overall, the supplement showed no significant impact on growth. However, we clearly demonstrate that the prebiotic can significantly manipulate the microbial community of the distal intestine and the skin. Several potential beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus and Mycoplasma spp. were significantly more abundant in the prebiotic-fed groups compared to the control. In contrast, putative pathogenic bacteria were less abundant in the salmon fed the prebiotic blend. Interestingly, the supplement induced more changes in the skin than in the gut. There is growing evidence in fish for highly complex interactions between the microbial communities of the digestive system and external mucosa, and with the host immune system. Further research in this field could lead to the creation of novel bacterial biomarkers and new non-invasive strategies for fish digestive health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jack James
- Pontus Research Ltd, Unit E, Hirwaun Industrial Estate, Aberdare CF449UP, UK
| | - Amy Ellison
- Bangor University, School of Natural Sciences, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK
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23
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Chu Y, Zhao Z, Cai L, Zhang G. Viral diversity and biogeochemical potential revealed in different prawn-culture sediments by virus-enriched metagenome analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 210:112901. [PMID: 35227678 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As the most numerous biological entities on Earth, viruses affect the microbial dynamics, metabolism and biogeochemical cycles in the aquatic ecosystems. Viral diversity and functions in ocean have been relatively well studied, but our understanding of viruses in mariculture systems is limited. To fill this knowledge gap, we studied viral diversity and potential biogeochemical impacts of sediments from four different prawn-mariculture ecosystems (mono-culture of prawn and poly-culture of prawn with jellyfish, sea cucumber, and clam) using a metagenomic approach with prior virus-like particles (VLPs) separation. We found that the order Caudovirales was the predominant viral category and accounted for the most volume (78.39% of classified viruses). Sediment viruses were verified to have a high diversity by using the construct phylogenetic tree of terL gene, with three potential novel clades being identified. Meanwhile, compared with viruses inhabiting other ecosystems based on gene-sharing network, our results revealed that mariculture sediments harbored considerable unexplored viral diversity and that maricultural species were potentially important drivers of the viral community structure. Notably, viral auxiliary metabolic genes were identified and suggested that viruses influence carbon and sulfur cycling, as well as cofactors/vitamins and amino acid metabolism, which indirectly participate in biogeochemical cycling. Overall, our findings revealed the genomic diversity and ecological function of viral communities in prawn mariculture sediments, and suggested the role of viruses in microbial ecology and biogeochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunmeng Chu
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Zelong Zhao
- Shanghai BIOZERON Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Lixi Cai
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China; Faculty of Basic Medicine, Putian University, Putian, 351100, Fujian, China
| | - Guangya Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China.
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24
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Xie M, Xu P, Zhou W, Xu X, Li H, He W, Yue W, Zhang L, Ding D, Suo A. Impacts of conventional and biodegradable microplastics on juvenile Lates calcarifer: Bioaccumulation, antioxidant response, microbiome, and proteome alteration. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 179:113744. [PMID: 35580442 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Discarded plastic bag is a main component of marine debris, posing potential threats to marine biota. This study was conducted to assess the potential effects of microplastics on juvenile Lates calcarifer. Fish were exposed via diet to two microplastic types from conventional polyethylene (PE) and biodegradable (Bio) plastic bags for 21 days. Antioxidative enzymes activity, intestinal microbiome and proteome were determined. PE and Bio microplastics were found to accumulate in gastrointestinal tracts, and no mortality was observed. Microplastics exposure did not induce significant antioxidant response except for the glutathione reductase (GR) modulation. Intestinal microbiome diversity decreased significantly in PE group based on Simpson index. Both types of microplastics induced proteome modulation by down-regulating proteins associated with immune homeostasis. Bio microplastics maintained higher intestinal microbial diversity and induced more proteins alteration than PE microplastics. This study provides toxicological insights into the impacts of conventional and biodegradable microplastics on juvenile L. calcarifer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujiao Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weiguo Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Xiangrong Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Hengxiang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China.
| | - Weihong He
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; Marine Environmental Engineering Center, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Weizhong Yue
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; Marine Environmental Engineering Center, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; Marine Environmental Engineering Center, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dewen Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Anning Suo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China.
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Ding Q, Lu C, Hao Q, Zhang Q, Yang Y, Olsen RE, Ringo E, Ran C, Zhang Z, Zhou Z. Dietary Succinate Impacts the Nutritional Metabolism, Protein Succinylation and Gut Microbiota of Zebrafish. Front Nutr 2022; 9:894278. [PMID: 35685883 PMCID: PMC9171437 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.894278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Succinate is widely used in the food and feed industry as an acidulant, flavoring additive, and antimicrobial agent. This study investigated the effects of dietary succinate on growth, energy budget, nutritional metabolism, protein succinylation, and gut microbiota composition of zebrafish. Zebrafish were fed a control-check (0% succinate) or four succinate-supplemented diets (0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.2%) for 4 weeks. The results showed that dietary succinate at the 0.15% additive amount (S0.15) can optimally promote weight gain and feed intake. Whole body protein, fat, and energy deposition increased in the S0.15 group. Fasting plasma glucose level decreased in fish fed the S0.15 diet, along with improved glucose tolerance. Lipid synthesis in the intestine, liver, and muscle increased with S0.15 feeding. Diet with 0.15% succinate inhibited intestinal gluconeogenesis but promoted hepatic gluconeogenesis. Glycogen synthesis increased in the liver and muscle of S0.15-fed fish. Glycolysis was increased in the muscle of S0.15-fed fish. In addition, 0.15% succinate-supplemented diet inhibited protein degradation in the intestine, liver, and muscle. Interestingly, different protein succinylation patterns in the intestine and liver were observed in fish fed the S0.15 diet. Intestinal proteins with increased succinylation levels were enriched in the tricarboxylic acid cycle while proteins with decreased succinylation levels were enriched in pathways related to fatty acid and amino acid degradation. Hepatic proteins with increased succinylation levels were enriched in oxidative phosphorylation while proteins with decreased succinylation levels were enriched in the processes of protein processing and transport in the endoplasmic reticulum. Finally, fish fed the S0.15 diet had a higher abundance of Proteobacteria but a lower abundance of Fusobacteria and Cetobacterium. In conclusion, dietary succinate could promote growth and feed intake, promote lipid anabolism, improve glucose homeostasis, and spare protein. The effects of succinate on nutritional metabolism are associated with alterations in the levels of metabolic intermediates, transcriptional regulation, and protein succinylation levels. However, hepatic fat accumulation and gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by dietary succinate suggest potential risks of succinate application as a feed additive for fish. This study would be beneficial in understanding the application of succinate as an aquatic feed additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Ding
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Norway-China Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Chenyao Lu
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Hao
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingshuang Zhang
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yalin Yang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rolf Erik Olsen
- Norway-China Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Einar Ringo
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Bioscience, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Chao Ran
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Zhang,
| | - Zhigang Zhou
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Zhigang Zhou,
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Wang Q, Huang F, Liang K, Niu W, Duan X, Jia X, Wu X, Xu P, Zhou L. Polystyrene nanoplastics affect digestive function and growth in juvenile groupers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:152098. [PMID: 34863764 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) can impair antioxidant, immune, and nervous system functions as well as growth and development in aquatic organisms. At present, however, little is known about the effects and underlying mechanisms of PS-NPs on the digestive system of marine fish. Here, we studied the effects of these plastics on the intestinal health and growth performance of juvenile orange-spotted groupers (Epinephelus coioides). Based on histopathological analysis, we found that the liver and intestines can uptake PS-NPs at exposure concentrations of 300 and 3000 μg/ml, respectively. After 14 d of exposure, the activities of digestive enzymes lipase (LPS), trypsin (TRS), and lysozyme (LZM) were reduced, indicating that PS-NPs negatively affected digestive function in juvenile groupers. The PS-NPs also altered microbial community composition, resulting in a decrease in diversity and simplification of network relationships in the intestinal microbiota, but a significant increase in certain harmful bacteria, especially Vibrio and Aliivibrio. In addition, community assembly changed from being driven primarily by deterministic processes (68.89% for control group) to stochastic processes (73.33% and 51.11% for 300 and 3000 μg/ml PS-NP exposure groups, respectively). Furthermore, the specific growth rate (SGR) of the juvenile orange-spotted groupers decreased significantly with increasing PS-NP exposure concentrations (0.158% ± 0.032%, 0.095% ± 0.020%, and 0.074% ± 0.016% for 0, 300, and 3000 μg/L PS-NP groups, respectively). These results suggest that marine PS-NPs are harmful to the digestive system of juvenile fish and highlight the importance of evaluating the long-term impact of NPs in reshaping marine populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fengqi Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kaishan Liang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenbiao Niu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuzhuo Duan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xianze Jia
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuefeng Wu
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China.
| | - Lei Zhou
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Dispersed Crude Oil Induces Dysbiosis in the Red Snapper Lutjanus campechanus External Microbiota. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0058721. [PMID: 35080447 PMCID: PMC8791192 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00587-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The fish external microbiota competitively excludes primary pathogens and prevents the proliferation of opportunists. A shift from healthy microbiota composition, known as dysbiosis, may be triggered by environmental stressors and increases host susceptibility to disease. The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill was a significant stressor event in the Gulf of Mexico. Despite anecdotal reports of skin lesions on fishes following the oil spill, little information is available on the impact of dispersed oil on the fish external microbiota. In this study, juvenile red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) were exposed to a chemically enhanced water-accommodated fraction (CEWAF) of Corexit 9500/DWH oil (CEWAF) and/or the bacterial pathogen Vibrio anguillarum in treatments designed to detect changes in and recovery of the external microbiota. In fish chronically exposed to CEWAF, immunoglobulin M (IgM) expression significantly decreased between 2 and 4 weeks of exposure, coinciding with elevated liver total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Dysbiosis was detected on fish chronically exposed to CEWAF compared to seawater controls, and addition of a pathogen challenge altered the final microbiota composition. Dysbiosis was prevented by returning fish to clean seawater for 21 days after 1 week of CEWAF exposure. Four fish exhibited lesions during the trial, all of which were exposed to CEWAF but not all of which were exposed to V. anguillarum. This study indicates that month-long exposure to dispersed oil leads to dysbiosis in the external microbiota. As the microbiota is vital to host health, these effects should be considered when determining the total impacts of pollutants in aquatic ecosystems. IMPORTANCE Fish skin is an immunologically active tissue. It harbors a complex community of microorganisms vital to host homeostasis as, in healthy fish, they competitively exclude pathogens found in the surrounding aquatic environment. Crude oil exposure results in immunosuppression in marine animals, altering the relationship between the host and its microbial community. An alteration of the healthy microbiota, a condition known as dysbiosis, increases host susceptibility to pathogens. Despite reports of external lesions on fishes following the DWH oil spill and the importance of the external microbiota to fish health, there is little information on the effect of dispersed oil on the external microbiota of fishes. This research provides insight into the impact of a stressor event such as an oil spill on dysbiosis and enhances understanding of long-term sublethal effects of exposure to aid in regulatory decisions for protecting fish populations during recovery.
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Mondal HK, Maji UJ, Mohanty S, Sahoo PK, Maiti NK. Alteration of gut microbiota composition and function of Indian major carp, rohu (Labeo rohita) infected with Argulus siamensis. Microb Pathog 2022; 164:105420. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Liu C, Zhao LP, Shen YQ. A systematic review of advances in intestinal microflora of fish. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2021; 47:2041-2053. [PMID: 34750711 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-01027-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal flora is closely related to the health of organisms and the occurrence and development of diseases. The study of intestinal flora will provide a reference for the research and treatment of disease pathogenesis. Upon hatching, fish begin to acquire a microbial community in the intestine. In response to the environment and the host itself, the fish gut eventually develops a unique set of microflora, with some microorganisms being common to different fish. The existence of intestinal microorganisms creates an excellent microecological environment for the host, while the fish symbiotically provides conditions for the growth and reproduction of intestinal microflora. The intestinal flora and the host are interdependent and mutually restrictive. This review mainly describes the formation of fish intestinal flora, the function of normal intestinal flora, factors affecting intestinal flora, and a series of fish models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Wuxi Medical School of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhao
- Wuxi Medical School of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yan-Qin Shen
- Wuxi Medical School of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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30
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Huang Z, Hou D, Zhou R, Zeng S, Xing C, Wei D, Deng X, Yu L, Wang H, Deng Z, Weng S, Ning D, Xiao C, Yan Q, Zhou J, He Z, He J. Environmental Water and Sediment Microbial Communities Shape Intestine Microbiota for Host Health: The Central Dogma in an Anthropogenic Aquaculture Ecosystem. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:772149. [PMID: 34795658 PMCID: PMC8593368 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.772149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
From increasing evidence has emerged a tight link among the environment, intestine microbiota, and host health status; moreover, the microbial interaction in different habitats is crucial for ecosystems. However, how the environmental microbial community assembly governs the intestinal microbiota and microbial communities of multiple habitats contribute to the metacommunity remain elusive. Here, we designed two delicate experiments from temporal and spatial scales in a shrimp culture pond ecosystem (SCPE). Of the SCPE metacommunity, the microbial diversity was mainly contributed to by the diversity of–βIntraHabitats and βInterHabitats, and water and sediment communities had a large contribution to the shrimp intestine community as shown by SourceTracker and Sloan neutral community model analyses. Also, phylogenetic bin-based null model results show that microbial assembly of three habitats in the SCPE appeared to be largely driven by stochastic processes. These results enrich our understanding of the environment–intestinal microbiota–host health closely linked relationship, making it possible to be the central dogma for an anthropogenic aquaculture ecosystem. Our findings enhance the mechanistic understanding of microbial assembly in the SCPE for further analyzing metacommunities, which has important implications for microbial ecology and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongwei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenzheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengguang Xing
- Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongdong Wei
- Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xisha Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingfei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoping Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daliang Ning
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, Institute for Environmental Genomics, School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - Chuanle Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, Institute for Environmental Genomics, School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - Zhili He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianguo He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Bi S, Lai H, Guo D, Liu X, Wang G, Chen X, Liu S, Yi H, Su Y, Li G. The Characteristics of Intestinal Bacterial Community in Three Omnivorous Fishes and Their Interaction with Microbiota from Habitats. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9102125. [PMID: 34683446 PMCID: PMC8541351 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial fishery habitats have been extensively used for fishery resource protection and water habitat restoration, and they could attract a large number of omnivorous fishes to gather together. This study intended to reveal the relationship between bacterial communities in the habitats (water and sediment) and intestines of omnivorous fishes (Oreochromis mossambicus, Toxabramis houdemeri and Hemiculter leucisculus). Therefore, we investigated the bacterial communities of samples collected from intestines, water, and sediments in artificial fishery habitats via 16S rRNA metabarcoding high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that there were significant differences in the composition, core indicators, diversity and prediction functions in water, sediments, and intestinal microbial communities of the three omnivorous fish. The microbial diversities were significantly higher in habitats than in intestines. The analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) and nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) results indicated that the intestine microbial communities (T. houdemeri and H. leucisculus) were more similar to the water microbiota, but the intestine microbial communities (O. mossambicus) were more similar to the sediments. Source tracking analysis also confirmed that the contribution of habitat characteristics to omnivorous fish intestinal microorganisms was different; the sediment had a greater contribution than water to the intestinal microbiota of O. mossambicus, which was consistent with their benthic habit. Moreover, the functional prediction results showed that there were unique core indicators and functions between the bacterial community of habitats and intestines. Altogether, these results can enhance our understanding of the bacterial composition and functions about omnivorous fish intestines and their living with habitats, which have provided new information for the ecological benefits of artificial fishery habitats from the perspective of bacterial ecology and contributed to apply artificial fishery habitats in more rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Bi
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.B.); (H.L.); (D.G.); (X.L.); (G.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.S.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Han Lai
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.B.); (H.L.); (D.G.); (X.L.); (G.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.S.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dingli Guo
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.B.); (H.L.); (D.G.); (X.L.); (G.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.S.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuange Liu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.B.); (H.L.); (D.G.); (X.L.); (G.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.S.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Gongpei Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.B.); (H.L.); (D.G.); (X.L.); (G.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.S.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.B.); (H.L.); (D.G.); (X.L.); (G.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.S.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.B.); (H.L.); (D.G.); (X.L.); (G.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.S.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huadong Yi
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.B.); (H.L.); (D.G.); (X.L.); (G.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.S.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuqin Su
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.B.); (H.L.); (D.G.); (X.L.); (G.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.S.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guifeng Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.B.); (H.L.); (D.G.); (X.L.); (G.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.S.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-020-39332989; Fax: +86-020-39332784
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Wang Y, Wang B, Wang Q, Liu Y, Liu X, Wu B, Lu G. Intestinal toxicity and microbial community disorder induced by bisphenol F and bisphenol S in zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130711. [PMID: 34162083 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The intestine is the important bioaccumulation and target organ of Bisphenol F (BPF) and Bisphenol S (BPS). Morphological and functional abnormalities induced by BPS and BPF exposure in zebrafish intestine have been reported. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood, and the combined toxicities of BPS and BPF in the intestine have not been studied. Here, the zebrafish were treated by single and combined exposure of BPF and BPS at 1, 10, 100, 1000 μg/L. Oxidative damage, inflammation, and transcriptome profiles in the zebrafish intestine were determined. Changes in microbial community structure in zebrafish intestine were analyzed. Results showed that BPF, BPS, and BPF + BPS exposures significantly increased MDA, 8-OHdG, 1L-1β, and TNF-α levels in the zebrafish intestine, indicating oxidative damage and inflammatory effects. Co-exposure of BPS and BPF did not cause synergistic effects on the above effects but induced more changes in gene expression profiles. The changes in the PPAR signaling pathway might be associated with oxidative damage and inflammation. The amino acid metabolism and steroid biosynthesis were specifically altered by co-exposure of BPF and BPS. Moreover, BPF and/or BPS exposures altered microbial community structure in the zebrafish intestine, which showed different influence patterns. Increased abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria (such as Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas, and Stenotrophomonas) might indicate one of the potential health hazards in zebrafish intestine. The above results provide basic information for the health risk assessment of BPS and BPF in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China.
| | - Beibei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China; Wuxi Water Group Co. LTD, Wuxi, 214000, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
| | - Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Guanghua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
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Zeng S, Wei D, Hou D, Wang H, Liu J, Weng S, He J, Huang Z. Sediment microbiota in polyculture of shrimp and fish pattern is distinctive from those in monoculture intensive shrimp or fish ponds. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 787:147594. [PMID: 33989866 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sediment microbial community plays a crucial role in aquaculture ecosystem. In aquaculture practice, rather than monoculture intensive shrimp (IS) or intensive fish (IF) patterns, polyculture of shrimp and fish (PolySF) pattern leads to a more reliable production. However, knowledge is still limited about the characteristics of sediment microbiota and its potential functions in the PolySF ponds compared to monoculture patterns (IS and IF). Herein, we collected sediment samples from these three patterns in seven cities to evaluate microbial variations among patterns. The highest oxidation reduction potential (ORP), total phosphate (TP) and total organic carbon (TOC) were detected in the PolySF pattern, representing a relatively less anoxic environment, while the highest iron (Fe) was detected in IS pattern. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum among three patterns, followed by Bacteroidetes and Chloroflexi. The microbial alpha diversity in the PolySF was higher than those in the IF, but lower than those in the IS. Microbial communities of these three patterns were significantly distinct from each other, and 23 distinguished taxa for each pattern were further characterized. In additional, the relative abundances of genes involved in nitrogen metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis and carbon fixation pathways were markedly shifted. Moreover, ORP, TOC and Fe were the shaping factors for sediment microbiota, which significantly varied among three patterns. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that sediment microbial communities in the PolySF were distinctive from those in the IS and IF, which enlarged our understanding for the underlying mechanism of advances in the PolySF pattern from ecological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenzheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongdong Wei
- Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongwei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoping Weng
- Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianguo He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhijian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Luo M, An R, Fu J, Wan S, Zhu W, Wang L, Dong Z. Comparative analysis of the gut microbiota in bighead carp under different culture patterns. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:1357-1369. [PMID: 34369031 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the phylogenetic composition and functional potential of bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) gut microbiome in two rearing patterns (bighead carp polycultured with Oreochromis niloticus in pond A and bighead carp polycultured with Cyprinus carpio in pond B, respectively), as well as the changes of plankton in the cultured water at four different time points. METHODS AND RESULTS The intestinal contents were sequenced using Illumina HiSeq of bacterial 16S rRNA. Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta were the prevalent phytoplankton in the water, whereas Rotifers and Protozoa were the predominant zooplankton. In all, 779,563 quality-filtered sequences and 8870 amplicon sequence variants were obtained from 24 samples that numbered T1A1 to T4A3 and T1B1 to T4B3, resulting in 35 phyla, with Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria and Cyanobacteria dominating. According to alpha diversity and beta diversity measurements, the bacterial communities were diverse, Chao1 richness and Pielou's evenness were significantly lower in the T2B and T4B groups. The gut bacterial communities of T1A, T1B, T2A and T2B groups differed from those of other samples, which formed distinctly clusters with principal coordinate analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis. PICRUSt2 predictive function analysis revealed that different culture patterns influenced the gut microbiota metabolic capacity. CONCLUSIONS Intestinal bacteria belonging to the phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria and Fusobacteria are better suited to inhabit in various environments and perform specific functions. Furthermore, contact with the external environment and nutrient intake also stimulate the variety of intestinal microbiotas in polycultured bighead carp. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first comprehensive, high-throughput investigation of gut microbiota diversity in bighead carp during various seasons in two polycultured patterns and provide preliminary information on gut microbiome composition and changes, laying a crucial foundation for future research on fish culture patterns in various environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, China
| | - Rui An
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianjun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, China
| | - Shunpeng Wan
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wenbin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, China
| | - Lanmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, China
| | - Zaijie Dong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, China.,Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
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Ahmed A, Khurshid A, Tang X, Wang J, Khan TU, Mao Y. Structural and Functional Impacts of Microbiota on Pyropia yezoensis and Surrounding Seawater in Cultivation Farms along Coastal Areas of the Yellow Sea. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061291. [PMID: 34204837 PMCID: PMC8231614 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyropia yezoensis is the most important commercial edible red algae in China, carrying a variety of resident microbes at its surface. To understand microbiome diversity, community structure, interactions and functions with hosts in this regard, thalli and seawater sampleswere collected from Yantai and Rizhao cultivation farms in the Yellow Sea. The thalli and seawater samples (n = 12) were collected and studied using an Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing, along with the consideration of environmental factors. Bacterial communities in association with P. yezoensis and surrounding seawater were predominated by Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. The variability of bacterial communities related to P. yezoensis and seawater were predominantly shaped by nitrate (NO3), ammonium (NH4), and temperature. Cluster analysis revealed a close relationship between thalli (RTH and YTH) and seawater (RSW and YSW) in terms of the residing bacterial communities, respectively. PICRUSt analysis revealed the presence of genes associated with amino acid transportation and metabolism, which explained the bacterial dependence on algal-provided nutrients. This study reveals that the diversity of microbiota for P. yezoensis is greatly influenced by abiotic factors and algal organic exudates which trigger chemical signaling and transportation responses from the bacterial community, which in turn activates genes to metabolize subsequent substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsalan Ahmed
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.A.); (A.K.); (X.T.); (J.W.); (T.U.K.)
| | - Anam Khurshid
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.A.); (A.K.); (X.T.); (J.W.); (T.U.K.)
| | - Xianghai Tang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.A.); (A.K.); (X.T.); (J.W.); (T.U.K.)
| | - Junhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.A.); (A.K.); (X.T.); (J.W.); (T.U.K.)
| | - Tehsin Ullah Khan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.A.); (A.K.); (X.T.); (J.W.); (T.U.K.)
| | - Yunxiang Mao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.A.); (A.K.); (X.T.); (J.W.); (T.U.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Tropical Marine Bioresource (Ministry of Education), College of Fisheries and Life Science, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China
- Correspondence:
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Hou D, Zhou R, Zeng S, Wei D, Deng X, Xing C, Weng S, He J, Huang Z. Stochastic processes shape the bacterial community assembly in shrimp cultural pond sediments. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:5013-5022. [PMID: 34097120 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11378-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sediment environments harbor a repertoire of microorganisms that contribute to animal health and the microecosystem in aquaculture ecosystems, but their community diversity and the potential factors that control it remain unclear. Here, we applied 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to investigate bacterial diversity and assembly mechanisms in the sediments of shrimp cultural ponds at the mesoscale. Our results showed that sediment bacterial communities contained 10,333 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) but had only 34 core OTUs and that the relative abundances of these core OTUs were significantly correlated with the physicochemical properties of the sediments. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Ignavibacteriae, Spirochaetae and Planctomycetes were the ten most abundant bacterial phyla. Notably, some opportunistic pathogens (e.g. Vibrio and Photobacterium) and potential functional microbes (e.g. Nitrospira, Nitrosomonas, Desulfobulbus and Desulfuromusa) were widely distributed in shrimp cultural pond sediments. More importantly, we found that there was a significant negative but weak distance-decay relationship among bacterial communities in shrimp culture pond sediments at the mesoscale, and that the spatial turnover of these bacterial communities appeared to be largely driven by stochastic processes. Additionally, environmental factors, such as pH and total nitrogen, also played important roles in influencing the sediment bacterial structure. Our findings enhance our understanding of microbial ecology in aquatic ecosystems and facilitate sediment microbiota management in aquaculture. KEY POINTS: • Core bacterial taxa in cultural pond sediments contributed to the shrimp health and element cycling. • There was a significant negative distance-decay relationship among bacterial communities in shrimp culture pond sediments at the mesoscale, and its spatial turnover appeared to be largely driven by stochastic processes. • Environmental factors (e.g. pH and total nitrogen) played important roles in influencing bacterial structure in shrimp cultural pond sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Renjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenzheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Wei
- Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Xisha Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengguang Xing
- Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoping Weng
- Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhijian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)/School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
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Wu B, Huang L, Chen J, Zhang Y, Wang J, He J. Gut microbiota of homologous Chinese soft-shell turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis) in different habitats. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:142. [PMID: 33975559 PMCID: PMC8112038 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02209-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chinese soft-shell turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) is an important commercial species for their high nutritional value and unique taste, but it has been a vulnerable species due to habitat loss. In this study, homologous juvenile turtles were allocated to lake, pond and paddy field to investigate the habitat effects on turtles. Results The growth, morphology and gut microbial communities were monitored during the 4 months cultural period. It showed higher growth rate of turtles in paddy field and pond. The appearance, visceral coefficients, gut morphology and microbial communities in turtles were distinct among different habitats. The microbial community richness on Chao1 was obviously lower in initial turtle guts from greenhouses, whereas it was relative higher in turtle guts sampled from paddy fields than ponds and lake. Significant differences on dominant microbes were found among initial and subsequent samples from different habitats. Firmicutes was the most abundant phylum in the guts of turtles sampled from the greenhouse initially, while Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum after cultivation in different habitats, followed by Bacteroidetes. The microbial composition were distinct in different habitats at 60d, and the appearance of dominant phyla and genera was more driven by sampling time than habitats at 120d. Both the sampling time and habitats affected the appearance of dominant phyla and genera during the cultivation. The functional predictions indicated that both habitat type and sampling time had significant effects on metabolic pathways, especially amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. Conclusions The turtles could adapt to natural lakes, artificial ponds and paddy fields. The gut microbial abundance was different among the habitats and sampling time. The species of microbes were significantly more diverse in paddy field specimens than in those from ponds and lakes. Rice-turtle coculture is a potential ecological and economic farming mode that plays important roles in wild turtle protection and food security. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-021-02209-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture & Stock Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.40 Nongkenan Road, Luyang District, Hefei, 230031, Anhui Province, China
| | - Long Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture & Stock Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.40 Nongkenan Road, Luyang District, Hefei, 230031, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture & Stock Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.40 Nongkenan Road, Luyang District, Hefei, 230031, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture & Stock Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.40 Nongkenan Road, Luyang District, Hefei, 230031, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, 710048, Xi'an, China
| | - Jixiang He
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture & Stock Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.40 Nongkenan Road, Luyang District, Hefei, 230031, Anhui Province, China.
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Hou D, Zhou R, Zeng S, Wei D, Deng X, Xing C, Yu L, Deng Z, Wang H, Weng S, He J, Huang Z. Intestine Bacterial Community Composition of Shrimp Varies Under Low- and High-Salinity Culture Conditions. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:589164. [PMID: 33304335 PMCID: PMC7701045 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.589164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestine microbiota is tightly associated with host health status. Increasing studies have focused on assessing how host intestine microbiota is affected by biotic factors but ignored abiotic factors. Here, we aimed to understand the effects of salinity on shrimp intestine microbiota, by comparing the differences of intestine bacterial signatures of shrimp under low-salinity (LS) and high-salinity (HS) culture conditions. Our results found that intestine core bacterial taxa of shrimp under LS and HS culture conditions were different and that under HS contained more opportunistic pathogen species. Notably, compared with LS culture conditions, opportunistic pathogens (e.g., Vibrio species) were enriched in shrimp intestine under HS. Network analysis revealed that shrimp under HS culture conditions exhibited less connected and lower competitive intestine bacterial interspecies interactions compared with LS. In addition, under HS culture conditions, several opportunistic pathogens were identified as keystone species of intestine bacterial network in shrimp. Furthermore, the ecological drift process played a more important role in the intestine bacterial assembly of shrimp under HS culture conditions than that under LS. These above traits regarding the intestine microbiota of shrimp under HS culture conditions might lead to host at a higher risk of disease. Collectively, this work aids our understanding of the effects of salinity on shrimp intestine microbiota and helps for shrimp culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenzheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongdong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xisha Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengguang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingfei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoping Weng
- Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianguo He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Zeng S, Khoruamkid S, Kongpakdee W, Wei D, Yu L, Wang H, Deng Z, Weng S, Huang Z, He J, Satapornvanit K. Dissimilarity of microbial diversity of pond water, shrimp intestine and sediment in Aquamimicry system. AMB Express 2020; 10:180. [PMID: 33025112 PMCID: PMC7538476 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01119-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Pacific white shrimp, with the largest production in shrimp industry, has suffered from multiple severe viral and bacterial diseases, which calls for a more reliable and environmentally friendly system to promote shrimp culture. The "Aquamimicry system", mimicking the nature of aquatic ecosystems for the well-being of aquatic animals, has effectively increased shrimp production and been adapted in many countries. However, the microbial communities in the shrimp intestine and surrounding environment that act as an essential component in Aquamimicry remain largely unknown. In this study, the microbial composition and diversity alteration in shrimp intestine, surrounding water and sediment at different culture stages were investigated by high throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene, obtaining 13,562 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Results showed that the microbial communities in shrimp intestine and surrounding environment were significantly distinct from each other, and 23 distinguished taxa for each habitat were further characterized. The microbial communities differed significantly at different culture stages, confirmed by a great number of OTUs dramatically altered during the culture period. A small part of these altered OTUs were shared between shrimp intestine and surrounding environment, suggesting that the microbial alteration of intestine was not consistent with that of water and sediment. Regarding the high production of Aquamimicry farm used as a case in this study, the dissimilarity between intestinal and surrounding microbiota might be considered as a potential indicator for healthy status of shrimp farming, which provided hints on the appropriate culture practices to improve shrimp production.
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Khurana H, Singh DN, Singh A, Singh Y, Lal R, Negi RK. Gut microbiome of endangered Tor putitora (Ham.) as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes and pathogens associated with fish health. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:249. [PMID: 32787773 PMCID: PMC7425606 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01911-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tor putitora, the largest freshwater fish of the Indian subcontinent, is an endangered species. Several factors have been attributed towards its continuous population decrease, but very little is known about the gut microbiome of this fish. Also, the fish gut microbiome serves as a reservoir of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance determinants. Therefore, the shotgun metagenomic approach was employed to investigate the taxonomic composition and functional potential of microbial communities present in the gut of Tor putitora, as well as the detection of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes in the microbiome. Results The analysis of bacterial diversity showed that Proteobacteria was predominant phylum, followed by Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. Within Proteobacteria, Aeromonas and Caulobacter were chiefly present; also, Klebsiella, Escherichia, and plant symbionts were noticeably detected. Functional characterization of gut microbes endowed the virulence determinants, while surveillance of antibiotic resistance genes showed the dominance of β-lactamase variants. The antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli pathovars were also detected. Microbial genome reconstruction and comparative genomics confirmed the presence of Aeromonads, the predominant fish pathogens. Conclusions Gut microbiome of endangered Tor putitora consisted of both commensals and opportunistic pathogens, implying that factors adversely affecting the non-pathogenic population would allow colonization and proliferation of pathogens causing diseased state in asymptomatic Tor putitora. The presence of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes suggested the potential risk of dissemination to other bacteria due to horizontal gene transfer, thereby posing a threat to fish and human health. The preservation of healthy gut microflora and limited use of antibiotics are some of the prerequisites for the conservation of this imperilled species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himani Khurana
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.,Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Durgesh Narain Singh
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.,Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Anoop Singh
- Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Yogendra Singh
- Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Rup Lal
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India. .,Present address: The Energy and Resources Institute Darbari Seth Block, IHC Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi, 110003, India.
| | - Ram Krishan Negi
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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A candidate probiotic strain of Enterococcus faecium from the intestine of the crucian carp Carassius auratus. AMB Express 2020; 10:40. [PMID: 32107652 PMCID: PMC7046864 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-00973-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a Gram-positive bacterium was isolated from the intestine of healthy crucian carp Carassius auratus and named strain R8. It was initially identified as Enterococcus faecium according to its morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. Further identification by using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis confirmed the R8 strain (Genbank accession no. MF928076) as E. faecium. Challenge and hemolysis experiments showed that the E. faecium R8 strain had no toxicity to the crucian carp. Bacteriostatic experiment showed that this isolate obviously inhibited the growth of Aeromonas veronii and Staphylococcus haemolyticus. The proliferation of E. faecium R8 strain occurred after exposure to various growth conditions such as at pH values from 2.0 to 4.0 for 8 h, bile concentrations from 0.2 to 1.2% and high temperature of 80 °C. This bacterial strain grew best under the condition of 37 °C, pH 7.0 and salinity 30 ppt, and its growth curve exhibited four distinct phases. These results showed that the E. faecium R8 strain had potential probiotic characteristics and could be used as a candidate strain for aquatic probiotics.
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Sun F, Wang C, Chen L, Weng G, Zheng Z. The intestinal bacterial community of healthy and diseased animals and its association with the aquaculture environment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 104:775-783. [PMID: 31781816 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Although increasing levels of attention have been targeted towards aquaculture-associated bacteria, the bacterial community of animal intestines and its relationship with the aquaculture environment need to be further investigated. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing to analyze the bacterial community of pond water, sediment, and the intestines of diseased and healthy animals. Our data showed that Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the dominant taxa of bacteria across all samples and accounted for more than 90% of the total sequence. Difference analysis and Venn diagrams showed that most of the intestinal bacterial OTUs (operational taxonomic units) of diseased and healthy animals were the same as those of sediment and water, indicating that the aquaculture environment was the main source of intestinal bacteria. Compared with healthy animals, a considerable reduction of OTUs was evident in diseased animals. Welch's t test showed that the dominant bacterial taxa in sediment, water, and animal intestine were significantly different (p < 0.05) and each had its own unique dominant microorganisms. In addition, differences between the intestinal bacteria of healthy and diseased animals were represented by potential probiotics and pathogens, such as Bacillus, Vibrio, Oceanobacillus, and Lactococcus. Principal component analysis (PcoA) showed that a similar environment shaped a similar microbial structure. There was a large difference in the spectrum of intestinal bacteria in diseased animals; furthermore, the spectrum of intestinal bacteria in diseased animals was very different from the environment than in healthy animals. This study provides a theoretical basis for a relationship between the intestinal bacteria of healthy and diseased animals and the environment and provides guidance for environmental regulation and disease prevention in aquaculture areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China. .,Daya Bay Marine Biology Research Station, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| | - Chunzhong Wang
- Putian Institute of Aquaculture Science of Fujian Province, Putian, 351100, China.
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Putian Tian Ran Xing Agriculture Development Co. Ltd., Putian, 351100, Fujian, China
| | - Guozhu Weng
- Putian Customs Comprehensive Technical Service Center, Putian, 351100, China
| | - Zhipeng Zheng
- Putian Tian Ran Xing Agriculture Development Co. Ltd., Putian, 351100, Fujian, China
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The gut microbiota: a new perspective on the toxicity of malachite green (MG). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:9723-9737. [PMID: 31728586 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10214-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiome critically contributes to host health status. Thus, investigating the relationship between the gut microbiome and toxic chemicals is a hot topic in toxicology research. Exposure to malachite green (MG) has been linked to various health disorders. Thus, exploring the gut microbiota changes in response to MG would provide a new perspective on the toxicity effects of this chemical substance. MG exposure resulted in the significantly lower alpha diversity (Mann-Whitney U test, z = - 6.83, p = 0.00) but higher beta diversity (Mann-Whitney U test, z = - 1.98, p = 0.04) of gut microbiota, and significantly decreased ecosystem stability (alpha and beta variability; Mann-Whitney U test, all p < 0.05) of gut microbial communities. Gut bacterial networks showed that the interactions became more complex and stronger after MG exposure, which could decrease the stability of the network. Changes in gut microbiota composition were mainly reflected in the enrichment of opportunistic bacteria (i.e., Aeromonas and Vibrio) and the depression of fermentative bacteria (i.e., Bacteroides and Paludibacter). MG exposure leads to a significantly increased gut permeability (lipopolysaccharide-binding protein; Mann-Whitney U test, z = - 6.92, p = 0.00), which could reduce the host selective pressures on particular bacterial species (such as members in Aeromonas and Vibrio). This result was further supported by the weakened importance of a deterministic microbial assembly after MG exposure. All these findings indicated that MG exposed fishes might have more possibilities to be infected, as demonstrated by the enrichment of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria, high-level immune responses, and increased gut permeability. These findings greatly improve our understanding of the toxicity effects of MG.
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Tang KY, Wang ZW, Wan QH, Fang SG. Metagenomics Reveals Seasonal Functional Adaptation of the Gut Microbiome to Host Feeding and Fasting in the Chinese Alligator. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2409. [PMID: 31708889 PMCID: PMC6824212 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As a natural hibernator, the Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis) is an ideal and intriguing model to investigate changes in microbial community structure and function caused by hibernation. In this study, we used 16S rRNA profiling and metagenomic analysis to compare the composition, diversity, and functional capacity in the gut microbiome of hibernating vs. active Chinese alligators. Our results show that gut microbial communities undergo seasonal restructuring in response to seasonal cycles of feeding and fasting in the Chinese alligator, but this animal harbors a core gut microbial community primarily dominated by Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes across the gut regions. During hibernation, there is an increase in the abundance of bacterial taxa (e.g., the genus Bacteroides) that can degrade host mucin glycans, which allows adaptation to winter fasting. This is accompanied by the enrichment of mucin oligosaccharide-degrading enzyme and carbohydrate-active enzyme families. In contrast, during the active phase (feeding), active Chinese alligators exhibit a carnivore gut microbiome dominated by Fusobacteria, and there is an increase in the relative abundance of bacteria (e.g., Cetobacterium somerae) with known proteolytic and amino acids-fermentating functions that improve host protein-rich food digestion efficiency. In addition, seasonal variations in the expression of β-defensins play a protective role in intestinal immunity. These findings provide insights into the functional adaptations of host-gut microbe symbioses to seasonal dietary shifts to maintain gut homeostasis and health, especially in extreme physiological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Yi Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, State Conservation Centre for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Wei Wang
- Changxing Yinjiabian Chinese Alligator Nature Reserve, Changxing, China
| | - Qiu-Hong Wan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, State Conservation Centre for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Guo Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, State Conservation Centre for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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45
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Lin M, Zeng C, Li Z, Ma Y, Jia X. Comparative analysis of the composition and function of fecal-gut bacteria in captive juvenile Crocodylus siamensis between healthy and anorexic individuals. Microbiologyopen 2019; 8:e929. [PMID: 31482690 PMCID: PMC6925159 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Siamese crocodile (Crocodylus siamensis) is a freshwater, endangered crocodile with high economic value in the farming industry. Gut microflora plays an essential role in host physiological activity, and it contributes significantly to both the health and diseased states of animals. However, thus far, no study has focused on the correlation between diseases and intestinal bacterial communities in crocodilians. Here, we first compared the composition and function of gut microbial communities in captive juvenile C. siamensis suffering from anorexia and healthy crocodile controls using deep amplicon sequencing. The gut microbial diversity of anorexic crocodiles was much lower than the healthy individuals. Obvious changes in gut microbial composition were observed between sick and healthy crocodiles, except for Cetobacterium somerae of phylum Fusobacteria. In particular, the abundance of Bacteroides luti, Clostridium disporicum, Plesiomonas shigelloides, and Odoribacter sp. in the gut flora of healthy crocodiles was distinctly higher than the diseased group. Conversely, the species Edwardsiella tarda was overrepresented in the gut of anorexic crocodiles compared to the healthy group. Furthermore, in anorexic crocodiles, the predicted microbial functions that were related to amino acid metabolism, biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites, nucleotide metabolism, replication and repair, and translation were significantly reduced, while signal transduction was significantly enriched. These findings of the present study provide a reference to enrich the field of gut microorganism studies in crocodilians and suggest that alterations in the composition and function of gut bacteria in C. siamensis juveniles may be associated with anorexia in crocodiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Lin
- Engineering-Technology Research Center for Fishery Medicine, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China.,Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen, China
| | - Chenxi Zeng
- Engineering-Technology Research Center for Fishery Medicine, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhongqin Li
- Engineering-Technology Research Center for Fishery Medicine, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Engineering-Technology Research Center for Fishery Medicine, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xueqing Jia
- Engineering-Technology Research Center for Fishery Medicine, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
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Zheng Y, Hu G, Wu W, Qiu L, Bing X, Chen J. Time-dependent gut microbiota analysis of juvenile Oreochromis niloticus by dietary supplementation of resveratrol. Arch Microbiol 2019; 202:43-53. [PMID: 31463601 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01712-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the changes in bacterial diversity at various time points under resveratrol supplementation, we aimed to investigate the diversification of gut microbiota and the changes in total genetic diversity. We performed 16S rDNA gene sequencing at different time points (15, 30, and 45 days) to analyze the gut microbiota of tilapia. Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes (15 days) or Cyanobacteria (30 and 45 days) were found to be the three most abundant phyla. Cyanobacteria (15 and 30 days), Proteobacteria (15 days), Firmicutes and Chlamydiae (30 and 45 days), Planctomycetes (30 days), Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria (45 days) in the 0.05 g/kg RES group increased as compared to that in the controls. Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria significantly decreased and increased at 30 and 45 days, respectively, while the reverse pattern was observed at 15 days. The Bacteroidetes:Firmicutes and Proteobacteria:Cyanobacteria ratios were significantly increased (15 and 45 days, P < 0.05) and decreased (30 days, P < 0.05). RES supplementation did not affect the richness and diversity of the gut microbiota in tilapia. Our findings may contribute to the development of strategies for the management of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zheng
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Fishery Eco-Environment Monitoring Center of Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture, No. 9 Shanshui East Rd., Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214081, People's Republic of China
| | - Gengdong Hu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Fishery Eco-Environment Monitoring Center of Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture, No. 9 Shanshui East Rd., Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214081, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Fishery Eco-Environment Monitoring Center of Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture, No. 9 Shanshui East Rd., Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214081, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Qiu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Fishery Eco-Environment Monitoring Center of Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture, No. 9 Shanshui East Rd., Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuwen Bing
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Fishery Eco-Environment Monitoring Center of Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture, No. 9 Shanshui East Rd., Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiazhang Chen
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Fishery Eco-Environment Monitoring Center of Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture, No. 9 Shanshui East Rd., Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214081, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100141, People's Republic of China.
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Wang C, Chuprom J, Wang Y, Fu L. Beneficial bacteria for aquaculture: nutrition, bacteriostasis and immunoregulation. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:28-40. [PMID: 31306569 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite being the fastest growing sector, the modern aquaculture industry faces serious challenges such as the lack of protein source in feed, the susceptibility to pathogens, and deterioration in quality during culture and storage. Bacterial biomass is considered as a proper protein source for feed, and the beneficial bacterial species protect aquatic animals from infection or reduce spoilage of products. In this review, we summarized the application of beneficial bacteria to aquatic products, focusing mainly on the nutritional, anti-pathogenic, anti-spoilage and immunoregulatory functions of these bacteria. We then discussed the relationship between beneficial bacteria, intestinal microbiota and host immunity, and the recent progress and drawbacks of the technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wang
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - J Chuprom
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Wang
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - L Fu
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
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Yu W, Wu JH, Zhang J, Yang W, Chen J, Xiong J. A meta-analysis reveals universal gut bacterial signatures for diagnosing the incidence of shrimp disease. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2019; 94:5066164. [PMID: 30124839 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that dysbiosis in the gut microbiota contributes to disease pathogenesis. However, whether certain taxa are universally indicative of diverse shrimp diseases is unclear thus far. We conducted a meta-analysis to explore the divergences in gut microbiota between healthy and diseased shrimp. The gut bacterial communities of healthy shrimp varied significantly (P < 0.05 in each comparison) over ontogenetic stages, and were distinct from the corresponding diseased cohorts at each life stage. Both phylogenetic-based mean nearest taxon distance analysis and multivariate dispersion testing revealed that shrimp disease weakened the relative importance of deterministic processes in governing the gut microbiota. Partitioning beta diversity analysis indicated that temporal turnover governed the gut microbiota as healthy shrimp aged, whereas this trend was retarded in disease cohorts, concurrent with an increased nestedness. After ruling out the age-discriminatory and disease-specific orders, a high diagnosed accuracy (85.9%) of shrimp health status was achieved by using the profiles of the 11 universal disease-discriminatory orders as independent variables. These findings improve current understanding of how disease alters the ecological processes that govern the shrimp gut microbiota assembly, and exemplifies the potential application of universal bacterial signatures to diagnose the incidence of diverse shrimp diseases, irrespective of causal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Yu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jer-Horng Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Jinjie Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Wen Yang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jiong Chen
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jinbo Xiong
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
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49
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Li T, Qi M, Gatesoupe FJ, Tian D, Jin W, Li J, Lin Q, Wu S, Li H. Adaptation to Fasting in Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus): Gut Microbiota and Its Correlative Relationship with Immune Function. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2019; 78:6-19. [PMID: 30343437 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-018-1275-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fasting influences the overall physiology of fish, and the knowledge how the gut microbiota, growth performances, and immune function in response to intermittent and long-term fasting is still insufficient. Here, we characterized the effects of fasting on the host-gut microbiota in crucian carp, which would enhance our insight into physiological adaptation to fasting. To achieve this, we investigated the gut microbial communities of crucian carp with different fasting stress, and corresponding immune and growth parameters. The gut microbial communities were structured into four clusters according to different fasting stress, namely one control group (feed regularly), two intermittent fasting groups (fasting period and re-feeding period, respectively), and one long-term fasting group. Intermittent fasting significantly improved the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lysozyme (LZM) (ANOVA, p < 0.05) and significantly increased alpha diversity and ecosystem stability of gut microbiota (ANOVA, p < 0.05). Gut length (GL) and condition factor (CF) showed no significant difference between the control group (CG) and intermittent fasting group under re-feeding period (RIF) (ANOVA, p = 0.11), but relative gut length (RGL) in group RIF was higher than that in the CG (ANOVA, p = 0.00). The bacterial genera Bacteroides, Akkermansia, and Erysipelotrichaceae were enriched in fishes under intermittent fasting. Two Bacteroides OTUs (OTU50 and OTU1292) correlated positively with immune (SOD, complement, and LZM) and growth (GL and RGL) parameters. These results highlight the possible interplay between growth performances, immune function, and gut microbiota in response to fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Li
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Mengting Qi
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | | | - Dongcan Tian
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Weihua Jin
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, CAS; Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shijin Wu
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Huan Li
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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50
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Tarnecki AM, Wafapoor M, Phillips RN, Rhody NR. Benefits of a Bacillus probiotic to larval fish survival and transport stress resistance. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4892. [PMID: 30894554 PMCID: PMC6426941 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39316-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The need for sustainable bacterial management approaches in aquaculture is crucial for advancement of the industry. Probiotics are a promising strategy as evidenced by benefits demonstrated in intensive larviculture of various marine fish species. In this study we investigate the effects of a mixed Bacillus species (B. licheniformis and B. amyloliquefaciens) probiotic on rearing of larval common snook (Centropomus undecimalis). Experimental treatments included (1) probiotics supplemented to the water and live feed, (2) probiotics supplemented to the water only, and (3) no probiotic controls. Data from two separate trials indicated up to 2.5 times higher survival with probiotic addition, as well as 20% higher survival 7 days following a transport event. These benefits were not explained by faster growth, measured water quality parameters, or innate immune enzyme activities. Microbiota analysis indicated the importance of system stabilization prior to larval stocking to improve rearing success and probiotic performance. ied Potential probiotic benefits include accelerated gastrointestinal tract development, enhanced immunity, inhibition of opportunistic bacteria, and improvements to water quality parameters. Results suggest this probiotic should be tested in other marine fish species in order to reduce larval rearing bottlenecks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Tarnecki
- Mote Marine Laboratory, Marine Immunology Program, 1600 Ken Thompson Parkway, Sarasota, FL, 34236, USA.
| | - Marzie Wafapoor
- Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, 430 Nahant Road, Nahant, Massachusetts, 01908, USA
| | - Remy N Phillips
- Mote Marine Laboratory, Marine and Freshwater Aquaculture Program, 874 WR Mote Way, Sarasota, FL, 34240, USA
| | - Nicole R Rhody
- Mote Marine Laboratory, Marine and Freshwater Aquaculture Program, 874 WR Mote Way, Sarasota, FL, 34240, USA
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