1
|
Wang Y, Xie T, Ma C, Zhao Y, Li J, Li Z, Ye X. Biochemical characterization and antifungal activity of a recombinant β-1,3-glucanase FlGluA from Flavobacterium sp. NAU1659. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 224:106563. [PMID: 39122061 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2024.106563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
β-1,3-glucanases can degrade β-1,3-glucoside bonds in β-glucan which is the main cell-wall component of most of fungi, and have the crucial application potential in plant protection and food processing. Herein, a β-1,3-glucanase FlGluA from Flavobacterium sp. NAU1659 composed of 333 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 36.6 kDa was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21, purified and characterized. The deduced amino acid sequence of FlGluA showed the high identity with the β-1,3-glucanase belonging to glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 16. Enzymological characterization indicated FlGluA had the highest activity on zymosan A, with a specific activity of 3.87 U/mg, followed by curdlan (1.16 U/mg) and pachymaran (0.88 U/mg). It exhibited optimal catalytic activity at the pH 5.0 and 40 °C, and was stable when placed at 4 °C for 12 h in the range of pH 3.0-8.0 or at a temperature below 50 °C for 3 h. Its catalytic activity was enhanced by approximately 36 % in the presence of 1 mM Cr3+. The detection of thin-layer chromatography and mass spectrometry showed FlGluA hydrolyzed zymosan A mainly to glucose and disaccharide, and trace amounts of tetrasaccharide and pentasaccharide, however, it had no action on laminaribiose, indicating its endo-β-1,3-glucanase activity. The mycelium growth of F. oxysporum treated by FlGluA was inhibited, with approximately 37 % of inhibition rate, revealing the potential antifungal activity of the enzyme. These results revealed the hydrolytic properties and biocontrol activity of FlGluA, laying a crucial foundation for its potential application in agriculture and industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Wang
- College of Life Sciences of Liaocheng University, 252000, Liaocheng, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences of Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Tingting Xie
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences of Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Chenlong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences of Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yujie Zhao
- College of Life Sciences of Liaocheng University, 252000, Liaocheng, PR China
| | - Jingchen Li
- College of Life Sciences of Liaocheng University, 252000, Liaocheng, PR China
| | - Zhendong Li
- College of Life Sciences of Liaocheng University, 252000, Liaocheng, PR China
| | - Xianfeng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences of Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jung HK, Kim DG, Zin H, Park J, Jung H, Kim YO, Kong HJ, Kim JW, Kim YS. Paenibacillus hexagrammi sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from the gut content of Hexagrammos agrammus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74. [PMID: 38869487 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic bacterium, designated as YPD9-1T, was isolated from the gut contents of a spotty belly greenling, Hexagrammos agrammus, collected near Dokdo island, South Korea. The rod-shaped cells were oxidase-positive, and catalase-negative. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and iso-C17: 0. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and two unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content was 47.6 mol% and the predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone MK-7. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of YPD9-1T showed low sequence similarities to species of the genus Paenibacillus, Paenibacillus pocheonensis Gsoil 1138T (97.21 % of sequence similarity), Paenibacillus aestuarii CJ25T (97.12 %) and Paenibacillus allorhizoplanae JJ-42T (96.89 %). The results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that YPD9-1T formed a distinct branch among other species of the genus Paenibacillus. The digital DNA-DNA hybridisation, average nucleotide identity, and average amino acid identity values between YPD9-1T and the related species were in the ranges of 15.3-16.2 %, 74.1-78.4 %, and 71.1-71.9 %, respectively, which are below the species cutoff values. On the basis of the results of the polyphasic analysis, we conclude that strain YPD9-1T represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus hexagrammi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Paenibacillus hexagrammi is YPD9-1T (=KCTC 43424T =LMG 32988T).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Kyoung Jung
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gyun Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Zin
- Food Safety and Processing Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwook Park
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejung Jung
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ok Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Kong
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Won Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sam Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yurnaliza Y, Nurwahyuni I, Lenny S, Lutfia A. Bioprospecting Study of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizospheric Bacteria from Oil Palm Plantation as Biological Control Agent of Ganoderma boninense. Pak J Biol Sci 2024; 27:256-267. [PMID: 38840466 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2024.256.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> The prioritisation of oil palm studies involves the exploration of novel bacterial isolates as possible agents for suppressing <i>Ganoderma boninense</i>. The objective of this study was to evaluate and characterise the potential of rhizospheric bacteria, obtained from the rhizosphere of oil palm plants, in terms of their ability to demonstrate anti-<i>Ganoderma </i>activity. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The study began by employing a dual culture technique to select hostile bacteria. Qualitative detection was performed to assess the antifungal activity, as well as the synthesis of chitinase and glucanase, from certain isolates. The candidate strains were molecularly identified using 16S-rRNA ribosomal primers, specifically the 27F and 1492R primers. <b>Results:</b> The findings of the study indicated that the governmental plantation exhibited the highest ratio between diazotroph and indigenous bacterial populations in comparison to the other sites. Out of a pool of ninety bacterial isolates, a subset of twenty-one isolates demonstrated the ability to impede the development of <i>G. boninense</i>, as determined using a dual culture experiment. Twenty-one bacterial strains were found to exhibit antifungal activity. Nine possible bacteria were found based on the sequence analysis. These bacteria include <i>Burkholderia territorii</i> (RK2, RP2, RP3, RP5), <i>Burkholderia stagnalis</i> (RK3), <i>Burkholderia cenocepacia</i> (RP1), <i>Serratia marcescens</i> (RP13) and <i>Rhizobium multihospitium</i> (RU4). <b>Conclusion:</b> The findings of the study revealed that a significant proportion of the bacterial population exhibited the ability to perform nitrogen fixation, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production and phosphate solubilization. However, it is worth noting that <i>Rhizobium multihospitium</i> RU4 did not demonstrate the capacity for phosphate solubilization, while <i>B. territory</i> RK2 did not exhibit IAA production.
Collapse
|
4
|
Feng S, Pan L, Li Q, Zhang Y, Mou F, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Duan L, Qin B, Hu Z. The Isolation, Identification and Immobilization Method of Three Novel Enzymes with Diosgenin-Producing Activity Derived from an Aspergillus flavus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17611. [PMID: 38139441 PMCID: PMC10743735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Diosgenin is an important raw material used in the synthesis of steroid drugs, and it is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. The traditional method of producing diosgenin is through using raw materials provided via the plant Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright (DZW), which is subsequently industrially hydrolyzed using a high quantity of hydrochloric and sulfuric acids at temperatures ranging from 70 °C to 175 °C. This process results in a significant amount of unmanageable wastewater, creates issues of severe environmental pollution and consumes high quantities of energy. As an alternative, the enzymolysis of DZW to produce diosgenin is an environmentally and friendly method with wide-ranging prospects for its application. However, there are still only a few enzymes that are suitable for production on an industrial scale. In this study, three new key enzymes, E1, E2, and E3, with a high conversion stability of diosgenin, were isolated and identified using an enzyme-linked-substrate autography strategy. HPLC-MS/MS identification showed that E1, a 134.45 kDa protein with 1019 amino acids (AAs), is a zinc-dependent protein similar to the M16 family. E2, a 97.89 kDa protein with 910 AAs, is a type of endo-β-1,3-glucanase. E3, a 51.6 kDa protein with 476 AAs, is a type of Xaa-Pro aminopeptidase. In addition, the method to immobilize these proteins was optimized, and stability was achieved. The results show that the optimal immobilization parameters are 3.5% sodium alginate, 3.45% calcium chloride concentration, 1.4 h fixed time, and pH 8.8; and the recovery rate of enzyme activity can reach 43.98%. A level of 70.3% relative enzyme activity can be obtained after employing six cycles of the optimized technology. Compared with free enzymes, immobilized enzymes have improved stability, acid and alkaline resistance and reusability, which are conducive to large-scale industrial production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.F.); (L.P.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (F.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.)
| | - Lintao Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.F.); (L.P.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (F.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.)
| | - Quanshun Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.F.); (L.P.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (F.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.)
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.F.); (L.P.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (F.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.)
| | - Fangyuan Mou
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.F.); (L.P.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (F.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.)
| | - Zhao Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.F.); (L.P.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (F.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.)
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.F.); (L.P.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (F.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.)
| | - Longfei Duan
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.F.); (L.P.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (F.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.)
| | - Baofu Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.F.); (L.P.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (F.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.)
| | - Zhongqiu Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gugliucci W, Cirillo V, Maggio A, Romano I, Ventorino V, Pepe O. Valorisation of hydrothermal liquefaction wastewater in agriculture: effects on tobacco plants and rhizosphere microbiota. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1180061. [PMID: 37342148 PMCID: PMC10277691 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1180061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Industrial wastewater obtained from hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL-WW) of food wastes for biofuels production could represent a source of crop nutrients since it is characterized by a high amount of organic and inorganic compounds. In the present work, the potential use of HTL-WW as irrigation water for industrial crops was investigated. The composition of the HTL-WW was rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium with high level of organic carbon. A pot experiment with Nicotiana tabacum L. plants was conducted using diluted wastewater to reduce the concentration of some chemical elements below the official accepted threshold values. Plants were grown in the greenhouse under controlled conditions for 21 days and irrigated with diluted HTL-WW every 24 hours. Soils and plants were sampled every seven days to evaluate, over time, the effect of wastewater irrigation both on soil microbial populations, through high-throughput sequencing, and plant growth parameters, through the measurement of different biometric indices. Metagenomic results highlighted that, in the HTL-WW treated rhizosphere, the microbial populations shifted via their mechanisms of adaptation to the new environmental conditions, establishing a new balance among bacterial and fungal communities. Identification of microbial taxa occurring in the rhizosphere of tobacco plants during the experiment highlighted that the HTL-WW application improved the growth of Micrococcaceae, Nocardiaceae and Nectriaceae, which included key species for denitrification, organic compounds degradation and plant growth promotion. As a result, irrigation with HTL-WW improved the overall performance of tobacco plants which showed higher leaf greenness and increased number of flowers compared to irrigated control plants. Overall, these results demonstrate the potential feasibility of using of HTL-WW in irrigated agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Gugliucci
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Microbiology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Valerio Cirillo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Plant Biology and Crop Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Albino Maggio
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Plant Biology and Crop Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ida Romano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Microbiology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Ventorino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Microbiology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Olimpia Pepe
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Microbiology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nguyen NH. Fungal Hyphosphere Microbiomes Are Distinct from Surrounding Substrates and Show Consistent Association Patterns. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0470822. [PMID: 36939352 PMCID: PMC10100729 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04708-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mat-forming fungi are common in forest and grassland soils across the world, where their activity contributes to important soil ecological processes. These fungi maintain dominance through aggressive and abundant hyphae that modify their internal physical and chemical environments and through these modifications select for what appears to be a suite of mycophilic bacteria. Here, the bacteria associated with the fungal mats of Leucopaxillus gentianeus and Leucopaxillus albissimus from western North America are compared to adjacent nonmat substrates. Within the mats, the bacterial richness and diversity were significantly reduced, and the community composition was significantly different. The bacterial community structure between the two fungal hosts was marginally significant and indicated a shared set of bacterial associates. The genera Burkholderia, Streptomyces, Bacillus, Paenibacillus, and Mycobacterium were significantly abundant within the fungal mats and represent core members of these hypha-rich environments. Comparison with the literature from fungal mat studies worldwide showed that these genera are common and often significantly found within fungal mats, further reinforcing the concept of a mycophilic bacterial guild. These genera are incorporated into a synthesis discussion in the context of our current understanding of the nature of fungal-bacterial interactions and the potential outcomes of these interactions in soil nutrient cycling, plant productivity, and human health. IMPORTANCE Fungi and bacteria are the most abundant and diverse organisms in soils (perhaps more so than any other habitat on earth), and together these microorganisms contribute to broad soil ecosystem processes. There is a suite of bacteria that appears consistently within the physical space called the hyphosphere, the area of influence surrounding fungal hyphae. How these bacteria are selected for, how they are maintained, and what broader ecological functions they perform are subjects of interest in this relatively new field-the cross-kingdom interactions between fungi and bacteria. Understanding their cooccurrence and their interactions can open new realms of understanding in soil ecological processes with global consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nhu H. Nguyen
- University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaiʻi, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Distinct roles of carbohydrate-binding modules in multidomain β-1,3-1,4-glucanase on polysaccharide degradation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:1751-1764. [PMID: 36800030 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12416-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Lam16A is a novel GH16 β-1,3-1,4-lichenase isolated from the genus Caldicellulosiruptor which can utilize untreated carbohydrate components of plant cell walls. Its catalytic module has been characterized that the six carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) were queued in the C-terminus, but their roles were still unclear. Here, full-length and CBM-truncated mutants of Lam16A were purified and characterized through heterologous expression in Escherichia coli. The profiles of these proteins, including the enzyme activity, degrading efficiency, substrate-binding affinity, and thermostability, were explored. Full-length Lam16A with six CBMs showed excellent thermostability and the highest activity against barley β-glucan and laminarin with optimum pH of 6.5. The CBMs stimulated degrading ability of the catalytic module, especially against β-1,3(4)-glucan-based polysaccharides. The released products from β-1,3-1,4-glucan by Lam16A or its truncated mutants revealed an endo-type glycoside hydrolase. Lam16As exhibited strong binding affinities to the insoluble polysaccharides, especially Lam16A-1CBM. The degradation of yeast cell walls by Lam16A enzyme solution relative to the control reduced the absorbance values at OD800 by ~ 85% ± 1.2, enabling the release of up to ~ 0.057 ± 0.0039 µg/mL of the cytoplasmic protein into the supernatant, lowering the viability of the cells by ~ 70.3% ± 6.9, thus causing significant damage in the cell wall structure. Taken together, CBMs could influence the substrate specificity, thermal stability, and binding affinity of β-1,3-1,4-glucanase. These results demonstrate the great potential of these enzymes to promote the bioavailability of β-1,3-glucan oligosaccharides for health benefits. KEY POINTS: • Carbohydrate-binding modules strongly influenced the enzyme activity and binding affinity, and further impacted glycoside hydrolase activity. • Lam16A enzymes have sufficient ability to hydrolyze β-1,3-1,4-glucan-based polysaccharides. • Lam16As provide a powerful tool to promote the bioavailability of β-1,3-glucan oligosaccharides.
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang B, Lei X, Chen J, Li W, Long Y, Wang W. Antifungal Activities of Bacillus mojavensis BQ-33 towards the Kiwifruit Black Spot Disease Caused by the Fungal Pathogen Didymella glomerata. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10102085. [PMID: 36296359 PMCID: PMC9611226 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
‘Hongyang’ kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis, cultivar ‘Hongyang’) black spot disease is caused by the fungal pathogen Didymella glomerata, and is a serious disease, causing considerable losses to the kiwifruit industry during growth of the fruit. Hence, we aimed to identify a potential biocontrol agent against D. glomerata. In this study, bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere soil of kiwifruit were tested for their potential antifungal activity against selected fungal pathogens. Based on a phylogenetic tree constructed using sequences of 16S rDNA and the gyrA gene, BQ-33 with the best antifungal activity was identified as Bacillus mojavensis. We evaluated the antagonistic activity and inhibitory mechanism of BQ-33 against D. glomerata. Confrontation experiments showed that both BQ-33 suspension and the sterile supernatant (SS) produced by BQ-33 possessed excellent broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Furthermore, the SS damaged the cell membrane and cell wall of the mycelia, resulting in the leakage of a large quantity of small ions (Na+, K+), soluble proteins and nucleic acids. Chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase activities in SS increased in correlation with incubation time and remained at a high level for several days. An in vivo control efficacy assay indicated that 400 mL L−1 of SS completely inhibited kiwifruit black spot disease caused by D. glomerata. Therefore, BQ-33 is a potential biocontrol agent against kiwifruit black spot and plant diseases caused by other fungal pathogens. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the use of a rhizosphere microorganism as a biocontrol agent against kiwifruit black spot disease caused by D. glomerata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingce Wang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xia Lei
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Youhua Long
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (W.W.)
| | - Weizhen Wang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (W.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
El-Shora HM, El-Sharkawy RM, Khateb AM, Darwish DB. Production and immobilization of β-glucanase from Aspergillus niger with its applications in bioethanol production and biocontrol of phytopathogenic fungi. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21000. [PMID: 34697353 PMCID: PMC8545931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00237-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Glucanase has received great attention in recent years regarding their potential biotechnological applications and antifungal activities. Herein, the specific objectives of the present study were to purify, characterize and immobilize β-glucanase from Aspergillus niger using covalent binding and cross linking techniques. The evaluation of β-glucanase in hydrolysis of different lignocellulosic wastes with subsequent bioethanol production and its capability in biocontrol of pathogenic fungi was investigated. Upon nutritional bioprocessing, β-glucanase production from A. niger EG-RE (MW390925.1) preferred ammonium nitrate and CMC as the best nitrogen and carbon sources, respectively. The soluble enzyme was purified by (NH4)2SO4, DEAE-Cellulose and Sephadex G200 with 10.33-fold and specific activity of 379.1 U/mg protein. Tyrosyl, sulfhydryl, tryptophanyl and arginyl were essential residues for enzyme catalysis. The purified β-glucanase was immobilized on carrageenan and chitosan with appreciable yield. However, the cross-linked enzyme exhibited superior activity along with remarkable improved thermostability and operational stability. Remarkably, the application of the above biocatalyst proved to be a promising candidate in liberating the associate lignocellulosic reducing sugars, which was utilized for ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The purified β-glucanase revealed an inhibitory effect on the growth of two tested phytopathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium digitatum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamed M El-Shora
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Reyad M El-Sharkawy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Aiah M Khateb
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa B Darwish
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Soni R, Keharia H. Phytostimulation and biocontrol potential of Gram-positive endospore-forming Bacilli. PLANTA 2021; 254:49. [PMID: 34383174 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03695-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The spore-forming Bacillus and Paenibacillus species represent the phyla of beneficial bacteria for application as agricultural inputs in form of effective phytostimulators, biofertilizers, and biocontrol agents. The members of the genera Bacillus and Paenibacillus isolated from several ecological habitats are been thoroughly dissected for their effective application in the development of sustainable and eco-friendly agriculture. Numerous Bacillus and Paenibacillus species are reported as plant growth-promoting bacteria influencing the health and productivity of the food crops. This review narrates the mechanisms utilized by these species to enhance bioavailability and/or facilitate the acquisition of nutrients by the host plant, modulate plant hormones, stimulate host defense and stress resistance mechanisms, exert antagonistic action against soil and airborne pathogens, and alleviate the plant health. The mechanisms employed by Bacillus and Paenibacillus are seldom mutually exclusive. The comprehensive and systematic exploration of the aforementioned mechanisms in conjunction with the field investigations may assist in the exploration and selection of an effective biofertilizer and a biocontrol agent. This review aims to gather and discuss the literature citing the applications of Bacillus and Paenibacillus in the management of sustainable agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riteshri Soni
- Department of Biosciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Study, Sardar Patel University, Satellite Campus, Vadtal Road, Bakrol, Anand, Gujarat, 388 315, India
| | - Hareshkumar Keharia
- Department of Biosciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Study, Sardar Patel University, Satellite Campus, Vadtal Road, Bakrol, Anand, Gujarat, 388 315, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bai L, Kim J, Son KH, Shin DH, Ku BH, Kim DY, Park HY. Novel Anti-Fungal d-Laminaripentaose-Releasing Endo-β-1,3-glucanase with a RICIN-like Domain from Cellulosimicrobium funkei HY-13. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081080. [PMID: 34439747 PMCID: PMC8394091 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endo-β-1,3-glucanase plays an essential role in the deconstruction of β-1,3-d-glucan polysaccharides through hydrolysis. The gene (1650-bp) encoding a novel, bi-modular glycoside hydrolase family 64 (GH64) endo-β-1,3-glucanase (GluY) with a ricin-type β-trefoil lectin domain (RICIN)-like domain from Cellulosimicrobium funkei HY-13 was identified and biocatalytically characterized. The recombinant enzyme (rGluY: 57.5 kDa) displayed the highest degradation activity for laminarin at pH 4.5 and 40 °C, while the polysaccharide was maximally decomposed by its C-terminal truncated mutant enzyme (rGluYΔRICIN: 42.0 kDa) at pH 5.5 and 45 °C. The specific activity (26.0 U/mg) of rGluY for laminarin was 2.6-fold higher than that (9.8 U/mg) of rGluYΔRICIN for the same polysaccharide. Moreover, deleting the C-terminal RICIN domain in the intact enzyme caused a significant decrease (>60%) of its ability to degrade β-1,3-d-glucans such as pachyman and curdlan. Biocatalytic degradation of β-1,3-d-glucans by inverting rGluY yielded predominantly d-laminaripentaose. rGluY exhibited stronger growth inhibition against Candida albicans in a dose-dependent manner than rGluYΔRICIN. The degree of growth inhibition of C. albicans by rGluY (approximately 1.8 μM) was approximately 80% of the fungal growth. The superior anti-fungal activity of rGluY suggests that it can potentially be exploited as a supplementary agent in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Bai
- Department of Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea;
- Industrial Bio-Materials Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.K.); (K.-H.S.)
| | - Jonghoon Kim
- Industrial Bio-Materials Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.K.); (K.-H.S.)
| | - Kwang-Hee Son
- Industrial Bio-Materials Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.K.); (K.-H.S.)
| | - Dong-Ha Shin
- Insect Biotech Co. Ltd., Daejeon 34054, Korea; (D.-H.S.); (B.-H.K.)
| | - Bon-Hwan Ku
- Insect Biotech Co. Ltd., Daejeon 34054, Korea; (D.-H.S.); (B.-H.K.)
| | - Do Young Kim
- Industrial Bio-Materials Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.K.); (K.-H.S.)
- Correspondence: (D.Y.K.); (H.-Y.P.)
| | - Ho-Yong Park
- Department of Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea;
- Industrial Bio-Materials Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.K.); (K.-H.S.)
- Correspondence: (D.Y.K.); (H.-Y.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu J, Yang R, Gao M, Zhang H, Zhan X. Synthesis of functional oligosaccharides and their derivatives through cocultivation and cellular NTP regeneration. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2021; 115:35-63. [PMID: 34140133 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates play an important role in the life cycle. Among them, functional oligosaccharides show a complex and diverse structures with unique physiological activities and biological functions. However, different preparation methods directly affect the structure, molecular weight, and other functions of oligosaccharides, as well as their application fields and manufacturing costs. In the preparation of β-1,3-glucan oligosaccharides (OBGs), water insolubility of β-1,3-glucans hampers the hydrolysis efficiency. The synthesis of some functional oligosaccharides requires the consumption of energy substrates, such as ATP, CTP, and uridine triphosphate, for sugar nucleotide synthesis, leading to increased capital costs. A more economical solution to solve energy supply is to adopt microbial cocultivation or cellular nucleoside triphosphate regeneration. This review focused on the sources, preparation methods, biological activities of OBG, and the cultivation methods and applications of microbial cocultivation and fermentation. We also reviewed the preparation methods of other functional oligosaccharides, such as sialylated oligosaccharides, β-nicotinamide mononucleotide, and α-galacto-oligosaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ruoyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minjie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaobei Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Castaldi S, Petrillo C, Donadio G, Piaz FD, Cimmino A, Masi M, Evidente A, Isticato R. Plant Growth Promotion Function of Bacillus sp. Strains Isolated from Salt-Pan Rhizosphere and Their Biocontrol Potential against Macrophomina phaseolina. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3324. [PMID: 33805133 PMCID: PMC8036593 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, intensive crop management has involved excessive use of pesticides or fertilizers, compromising environmental integrity and public health. Accordingly, there has been worldwide pressure to find an eco-friendly and safe strategy to ensure agricultural productivity. Among alternative approaches, Plant Growth-Promoting (PGP) rhizobacteria are receiving increasing attention as suitable biocontrol agents against agricultural pests. In the present study, 22 spore-forming bacteria were selected among a salt-pan rhizobacteria collection for their PGP traits and their antagonistic activity against the plant pathogen fungus Macrophomina phaseolina. Based on the higher antifungal activity, strain RHFS10, identified as Bacillus vallismortis, was further examined and cell-free supernatant assays, column purification, and tandem mass spectrometry were employed to purify and preliminarily identify the antifungal metabolites. Interestingly, the minimum inhibitory concentration assessed for the fractions active against M. phaseolina was 10 times lower and more stable than the one estimated for the commercial fungicide pentachloronitrobenzene. These results suggest the use of B. vallismortis strain RHFS10 as a potential plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria as an alternative to chemical pesticides to efficiently control the phytopathogenic fungus M. phaseolina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefany Castaldi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Claudia Petrillo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Giuliana Donadio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Dal Piaz
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Alessio Cimmino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (M.M.); (A.E.)
| | - Marco Masi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (M.M.); (A.E.)
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (M.M.); (A.E.)
| | - Rachele Isticato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (C.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang H, Yang X, Wei S, Wang Y. Proteomic Analysis of Mycelial Exudates of Ustilaginoidea virens. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10030364. [PMID: 33803797 PMCID: PMC8003167 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10030364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice false smut (RFS) disease, which is caused by Ustilaginoidea virens, has been widespread all over the world in recent years, causing irreversible losses. Under artificial culture conditions, exudates will appear on colonies of U. virens during the growth of the hyphae. Exudation of droplets is a common feature in many fungi, but the functions of exudates are undetermined. As the executors of life functions, proteins can intuitively reflect the functions of exudates. Shotgun proteomics were used in this study. A total of 650 proteins were identified in the exudate of U. virens, and the raw data were made available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD019861. There were 57 subcategories and 167 pathways annotated with Gene Ontology (GO) classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, respectively. Through protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, it was found that 20 proteins participated in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Two separate PPI analyses were performed for carbon metabolism and microbial metabolism in diverse environments. After comparing and annotating the functions of proteins of the exudate, it was speculated that the exudate was involved in the construction and remodeling of the fungal cell wall. Pathogenicity, sporulation, and antioxidant effects might all be affected by the exudate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haining Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
| | - Xiaohe Yang
- Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi 154007, China;
| | - Songhong Wei
- Department of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (Y.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Soni R, Rawal K, Keharia H. Genomics assisted functional characterization of Paenibacillus polymyxa HK4 as a biocontrol and plant growth promoting bacterium. Microbiol Res 2021; 248:126734. [PMID: 33690069 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The diseases caused by phytopathogens account for huge economic losses in the agricultural sector. Paenibacillus polymyxa is one of the agriculturally important biocontrol agents and plant growth promoting bacterium. This study describes the antifungal potential of P. polymyxa HK4 against an array of fungal phytopathogens and its ability to stimulate seed germination of cumin and groundnut under in vitro conditions. The cumin and groundnut seeds bacterized with HK4 exhibited enhanced germination efficiency in comparison to controls. The use of HK4 as a soil inoculant significantly promoted the shoot length and fresh weight of groundnut plants in pot studies. The draft genome analysis of HK4 revealed the genetic attributes for motility, root colonization, antagonism, phosphate solubilization, siderophore production and production of volatile organic compounds. The bacterium HK4 harnessed several hydrolytic enzymes that may assist its competence in the rhizosphere. The PCR amplification and sequence analysis of the conserved region of the fusA gene amplicon revealed the ability of HK4 to produce fusaricidin. Furthermore, the LC-ESI-MS/MS of crude cell pellet extract of HK4 confirmed the presence of fusaricidin as a major antifungal metabolite. This study demonstrated the potential of HK4 as a biocontrol agent and a plant growth promoter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riteshri Soni
- Department of Biosciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Sardar Patel University, Satellite Campus, Vadtal Road, Bakrol, 388 315, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Khushboo Rawal
- Department of Biosciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Sardar Patel University, Satellite Campus, Vadtal Road, Bakrol, 388 315, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Hareshkumar Keharia
- Department of Biosciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Sardar Patel University, Satellite Campus, Vadtal Road, Bakrol, 388 315, Anand, Gujarat, India.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Usoltseva RV, Belik AA, Kusaykin MI, Malyarenko OS, Zvyagintsevа TN, Ermakova SP. Laminarans and 1,3-β-D-glucanases. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1010-1025. [PMID: 32663561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The laminarans are biologically active water-soluble polysaccharide (1,3;1,6-β-D-glucans) of brown algae. These polysaccharides are an attractive object for research due to its relatively simple structure, low toxicity, and various biological effects. 1,3-β-D-glucanases are an effective tool for studying the structure of laminarans, and can also be used to obtain new biologically active derivatives. This review is to outline what is currently known about laminarans and enzymes that catalyze of their transformation. We focused on information about sources, structure and properties of laminarans and 1,3-β-D-glucanases, methods of obtaining and structural elucidation of laminarans, and biological activity of laminarans and products of their enzymatic transformation. It has an increased focus on the immunomodulating and anticancer activity of laminarans and their derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roza V Usoltseva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022, 159, 100 Let Vladivostoku prosp., Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
| | - Aleksei A Belik
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022, 159, 100 Let Vladivostoku prosp., Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail I Kusaykin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022, 159, 100 Let Vladivostoku prosp., Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
| | - Olesya S Malyarenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022, 159, 100 Let Vladivostoku prosp., Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
| | - Tatiana N Zvyagintsevа
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022, 159, 100 Let Vladivostoku prosp., Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
| | - Svetlana P Ermakova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022, 159, 100 Let Vladivostoku prosp., Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yuan Y, Zhang X, Zhang H, Wang W, Zhao X, Gao J, Zhou Y. Degradative GH5 β-1,3-1,4-glucanase PpBglu5A for glucan in Paenibacillus polymyxa KF-1. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
18
|
Farvardin A, González-Hernández AI, Llorens E, García-Agustín P, Scalschi L, Vicedo B. The Apoplast: A Key Player in Plant Survival. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E604. [PMID: 32664231 PMCID: PMC7402137 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The apoplast comprises the intercellular space, the cell walls, and the xylem. Important functions for the plant, such as nutrient and water transport, cellulose synthesis, and the synthesis of molecules involved in plant defense against both biotic and abiotic stresses, take place in it. The most important molecules are ROS, antioxidants, proteins, and hormones. Even though only a small quantity of ROS is localized within the apoplast, apoplastic ROS have an important role in plant development and plant responses to various stress conditions. In the apoplast, like in the intracellular cell compartments, a specific set of antioxidants can be found that can detoxify the different types of ROS produced in it. These scavenging ROS components confer stress tolerance and avoid cellular damage. Moreover, the production and accumulation of proteins and peptides in the apoplast take place in response to various stresses. Hormones are also present in the apoplast where they perform important functions. In addition, the apoplast is also the space where microbe-associated molecular Patterns (MAMPs) are secreted by pathogens. In summary, the diversity of molecules found in the apoplast highlights its importance in the survival of plant cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Farvardin
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I de Castellón, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel González-Hernández
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I de Castellón, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Eugenio Llorens
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I de Castellón, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Pilar García-Agustín
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I de Castellón, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Loredana Scalschi
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I de Castellón, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Begonya Vicedo
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I de Castellón, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mülner P, Schwarz E, Dietel K, Junge H, Herfort S, Weydmann M, Lasch P, Cernava T, Berg G, Vater J. Profiling for Bioactive Peptides and Volatiles of Plant Growth Promoting Strains of the Bacillus subtilis Complex of Industrial Relevance. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1432. [PMID: 32695084 PMCID: PMC7338577 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria attain increasing importance in agriculture as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents. These properties significantly depend on the formation of bioactive compounds produced by such organisms. In our work we investigated the biosynthetic potential of 13 industrially important strains of the Bacillus subtilis complex by mass spectrometric methodology. Typing of these organisms was performed with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry followed by comprehensive profiling of their bioactive peptide products. Volatiles were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Representative products of the members of the B. subtilis complex investigated in detail were: the surfactin familiy (surfactins, lichenysins, pumilacidins); the iturin family (iturins, mycosubtilins and bacillomycins); plantazolicin and the dual lantibiotics lichenicidins, as well as a wide spectrum of volatiles, such as hydrocarbons (alkanes/alkenes), alcohols, ketones, sulfur-containing compounds and pyrazines. The subcomplexes of the B. subtilis organizational unit; (a) B. subtilis/Bacillus atrophaeus; (b) B. amyloliquefaciens/B. velezensis; (c) B. licheniformis, and (d) B. pumilus are equipped with specific sets of these compounds which are the basis for the evaluation of their biotechnological and agricultural usage. The 13 test strains were evaluated in field trials for growth promotion of potato and maize plants. All of the implemented strains showed efficient growth stimulation of these plants. The highest effects were obtained with B. velezensis, B. subtilis, and B. atrophaeus strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Mülner
- ABiTEP GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Stefanie Herfort
- ZBS6: Proteomics and Spectroscopy, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Germany
| | - Max Weydmann
- ZBS6: Proteomics and Spectroscopy, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Lasch
- ZBS6: Proteomics and Spectroscopy, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tomislav Cernava
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Gabriele Berg
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Joachim Vater
- ABiTEP GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- ZBS6: Proteomics and Spectroscopy, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tilocca B, Cao A, Migheli Q. Scent of a Killer: Microbial Volatilome and Its Role in the Biological Control of Plant Pathogens. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:41. [PMID: 32117096 PMCID: PMC7018762 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of synthetic fungicides represents the most common strategy to control plant pathogens. Excessive and/or long-term distribution of chemicals is responsible for increased levels of environmental pollution, as well as adverse health consequence to humans and animals. These issues are deeply influencing public perception, as reflected by the increasing demand for safer and eco-friendly agricultural commodities and their by-products. A steadily increasing number of research efforts is now devoted to explore the use of safer and innovative approaches to control plant pathogens. The use of microorganisms as biological control agents (BCAs) represents one of the most durable and promising strategies. Among the panoply of microbial mechanisms exerted by BCAs, the production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) represents an intriguing issue, mostly exploitable in circumstances where a direct contact between the pathogen and its antagonist is not practicable. VOCs are potentially produced by all living microorganisms, and may be active in the biocontrol of phytopathogenic oomycetes, fungi, and bacteria by means of antimicrobial activity and/or other cross-talk interactions. Their biological effects, the reduced residuals in the environment and on agricultural commodities, and the ease of application in different agricultural systems make the use of VOCs a promising and sustainable approach to replace synthetic fungicides in the control of plant pathogens. In this review, we focus on VOCs produced by bacteria and fungi and on their role in the cross-talk existing between the plant pathogens and their host. Biologic systemic effect of the microbial volatile blends on both pathogen and host plant cells is also briefly reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Dipartimento di Agraria and NRD-Nucleo di Ricerca sulla Desertificazione, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Aocheng Cao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Quirico Migheli
- Dipartimento di Agraria and NRD-Nucleo di Ricerca sulla Desertificazione, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kim J, Le KD, Yu NH, Kim JI, Kim JC, Lee CW. Structure and antifungal activity of pelgipeptins from Paenibacillus elgii against phytopathogenic fungi. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 163:154-163. [PMID: 31973853 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Paenibacillus elgii JCK1400 shows strong antifungal activity against various plant pathogenic fungi in vitro, but little is known about its mode of action. Four antifungal lipopeptides were isolated from P. elgii JCK1400 using bioassay-directed fractionation. Their chemical structures were determined to be pelgipeptins (PGPs) using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Among the four lipopeptides, PGP-C showed the strongest mycelial growth inhibitory activity against several plant pathogenic fungi-with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 4 to 32 μg mL-1-followed by PGP-D, -A, and -B. In pot experiments, PGP-C also effectively suppressed the development of important fungal diseases in crops. In particular, PGP-C was effective in controlling tomato grey mold and wheat leaf rust, with control values of 91% and 73%, respectively, at a concentration of 125 μg mL-1. The fermentation broth of the antagonistic bacterium reduced the development of creeping bentgrass dollar spot and Kentucky bluegrass brown patch in a dose-dependent manner. However, our study on the effect of PGP-C on the fungal cell membrane-using microscopic observation with propidium iodide (PI) fluorescence-indicated that PGP-C does not target the fungal cell walls, but instead targets the cell membranes. This is the first study to report the in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of PGP-C against various plant pathogenic fungi. Our results suggest that P. elgii JCK1400, which produces PGPs, could serve as a potential biocontrol agent for plant diseases caused by various fungi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jueun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Khanh Duy Le
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Nan Hee Yu
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Il Kim
- Department of Life Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chul Won Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Le KD, Kim J, Yu NH, Kim B, Lee CW, Kim JC. Biological Control of Tomato Bacterial Wilt, Kimchi Cabbage Soft Rot, and Red Pepper Bacterial Leaf Spot Using Paenibacillus elgii JCK-5075. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:775. [PMID: 32714339 PMCID: PMC7340725 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The over and repeated use of chemical bactericides to control plant bacterial diseases has resulted in unwanted effects, such as environmental pollution, residual toxicity, and resistance buildup in bacterial pathogens. Many previous studies have aimed to develop biological control agents to replace chemical bactericides. In this study, the antibacterial efficacy of the fermentation broth of Paenibacillus elgii JCK-5075 and its antibacterial compounds were evaluated against plant pathogenic bacteria, using both in vitro and in vivo bioassays. Pelgipeptins (PGPs) A, B, C, and D that were isolated from P. elgii JCK-5075 displayed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against various plant pathogenic bacteria. The fermentation broth of P. elgii JCK-5075, at 5-fold dilution, effectively suppressed the development of tomato bacterial wilt, Kimchi cabbage soft rot, and red pepper bacterial leaf spot in pot experiments with control values of 81, 84, and 67%, respectively. PGP-A and C, at 200 μg/ml, were also found to markedly reduce the development of Kimchi cabbage bacterial soft rot by 75% and tomato bacterial wilt by 83%, respectively, and their disease control efficacy was comparable to that of oxolinic acid with control values of 81 and 85%, respectively. Additionally, the antibacterial activity of PGP-C was found to be directly correlated with membrane damage mechanisms. These results indicates that P. elgii JCK-5075 producing PGPs could be used as a biocontrol agent for the control of plant bacterial diseases. This is the first report on the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of PGPs against bacterial plant pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khanh Duy Le
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jueun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Nan Hee Yu
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Bora Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Chul Won Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Chul Won Lee,
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
- Jin-Cheol Kim,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang X, Liu S, Chen M, Yu C, Zhao Y, Yang H, Zha L, Li Z. Low Temperature (15 °C) Reduces Bacterial Diversity and Prolongs the Preservation Time of Volvariella volvacea. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7100475. [PMID: 31635138 PMCID: PMC6843861 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7100475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Straw mushroom (Volvariella volvacea) is the most commonly cultivated edible fungus in the world, but the challenges associated with the preservation have limited its marketability. Microbiology, especially bacteria, play a key role in the deterioration of food, this study aimed to reveal the succession of the bacterial community on the surfaces of V. volvacea fruit bodies under different temperature conditions. We amplified 16S rRNA genes of V4 regions, obtained the bacterial species information by using high-throughput sequencing technology, and analyzed the effects of environmental temperature and preservation time on bacterial communities. The relative abundances of Firmicutes, Bacilli, and Bacillales increased significantly when straw mushrooms began to rot. Furthermore, the relative abundances of Paenibacillus, Lysinibacillus and Solibacillus, which belong to Bacillales, increased with the decay of straw mushroom. The Shannon and Simpson indices of V. volvacea stored at 30 °C were significantly higher than those of V. volvacea stored at 15 °C, which indicates that a high temperature contributes to the improvement in the species diversity. According to the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) results, the number of biomarkers in the 30 °C group (32, 42.11%) was significantly higher than that in the 15 °C group (17, 22.37%), indicating that a high temperature has a clustering effect on some bacterial communities. A Spearman correlation analysis showed that Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas and Solibacillus promoted the decay of straw mushroom. In conclusion, a high temperature increases the bacterial diversity on the straw mushroom surfaces and has a clustering effect on the bacterial communities. The bacterial community consisting of Firmicutes, Bacilli, Bacillales, Paenibacillus, Lysinibacillus, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas and Solibacillus could promote the decay of straw mushroom, so new preservation materials research can focus on inhibiting anaerobic and decay-causing bacteria to prolong preservation time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuling Wang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Shunjie Liu
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Mingjie Chen
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Changxia Yu
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Huanling Yang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Lei Zha
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Zhengpeng Li
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhou J, Chen J, Li Z, Ye X, Dong W, Jiang M, Huang Y, Cui Z. Enzymatic properties of a multi-specific β-(1,3)-glucanase from Corallococcus sp. EGB and its potential antifungal applications. Protein Expr Purif 2019; 164:105481. [PMID: 31470096 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2019.105481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The lamC gene encoding a novel β-(1,3)-glucanase was cloned from Corallococcus sp. EGB and successfully expressed in the industrial yeast Pichia pastoris. The mature protein without the initial 26 residues of signal peptide, designated LamC27, was found to be composed of fascin-like module and laminarinase-like catalytic module. The purified recombinant enzyme (rLamC27) with a calculated molecular mass of 45.3 kDa displays activities toward a broad range of β-linked polysaccharides, including laminarin, curdlan, pachyman, lichenan, and CMC. Enzymological characterization showed that rLamC27 performes its optimal activity under the condition of 45 °C and pH 7.0, respectively, and preferentially catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucans with a β-1,3-linkage, which is similar to the LamC previously expressed in E. coli. TherLamC27 enzyme was activated by Mn2+ and Ba2+, while it was inhibited by Cu2+, Zn2+, and Co2+. Moreover, rLamC27 was strongly inhibited by 10 mM EDTA with 7.5% of its original activity remiaining, and weakly by SDS and Triton X-100. In antifungal assay, rLamC27 was conformed to possess lytic and antifungal activity against rice blast fungus. Specifically, a significant decrease germ tube and appressorium formation ratios from 94% to 59% and 97%-51%, respectively, were observed following exposure to rLamC27. H2DCFDA and CFW staining further demonstrated that the fungistasis capability of rLamC27 could be contributed by its ability to hydrolyze components of the cell wall. All these favorable properties indicate a promising potential for using rLamC27 as a biological antifungal agent in areas such as plant protection and food preservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, PR China
| | - Jianhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, PR China
| | - Zhoukun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Xianfeng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Weiliang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, PR China
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, PR China
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Zhongli Cui
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hashami SZ, Nakamura H, Ohkama-Ohtsu N, Kojima K, Djedidi S, Fukuhara I, Haidari MD, Sekimoto H, Yokoyama T. Evaluation of Immune Responses Induced by Simultaneous Inoculations of Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) with Soil Bacteria and Rhizobia. Microbes Environ 2019; 34:64-75. [PMID: 30726789 PMCID: PMC6440728 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me18110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Legumes form root nodules and fix atmospheric nitrogen by establishing symbiosis with rhizobia. However, excessive root nodules are harmful to plants because of the resulting overconsumption of energy from photosynthates. The delay of an inoculation of the soybean super-nodulation mutant NOD1-3 with Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA110T by 5 d after an inoculation with several soil bacteria confirmed that one bacterial group significantly decreased root nodules throughout the study period. Moreover, no significant changes were observed in nitrogen fixation by root nodules between an inoculation with USDA 110T only and co-inoculation treatments. To clarify the potential involvement of PR proteins in the restriction of nodule formation in the plants tested, the relative expression levels of PR-1, PR-2, PR-5, and PDF1.2 in NOD1-3 roots were measured using real-time PCR. One group of soil bacteria (Gr.3), which markedly reduced nodule numbers, significantly induced the expression of PR-1, PR-5 and PDF1.2 genes by day 5 after the inoculation. By days 7, 10, and 20 after the inoculation, the expression levels of PR-2 and PR-5 were lower than those with the uninoculated treatment. Inoculations with this group of soil bacteria resulted in lower root nodule numbers than with other tested soil bacteria exerting weak inhibitory effects on nodulation, and were accompanied by the induction of plant defense-related genes. Thus, PR genes appear to play important roles in the mechanisms that suppresses nodule formation on soybean roots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Ziauddin Hashami
- The United Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT)3–5–8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Faculty of Agriculture, TUAT3–5–8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509Japan
| | - Naoko Ohkama-Ohtsu
- Institute of Agriculture, TUAT3–5–8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Kojima
- Faculty of Agriculture, TUAT3–5–8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509Japan
| | - Salem Djedidi
- Faculty of Agriculture, TUAT3–5–8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509Japan
| | - Izumi Fukuhara
- Faculty of Agriculture, TUAT3–5–8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509Japan
| | | | - Hitoshi Sekimoto
- Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University7–1–2 Yoto, Utsunomiya 321–8585Japan
| | - Tadashi Yokoyama
- Institute of Agriculture, TUAT3–5–8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jiang Y, Song R, Cao L, Su Z, Ma Y, Liu Y. Harvesting energy from cellulose through Geobacter sulfurreducens in Unique ternary culture. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1050:44-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
27
|
Liang F, Du X, Zhang J, Li X, Wang F, Wang H, Liu D. Wheat TaLr35PR2 gene is required for Lr35-mediated adult plant resistance against leaf rust fungus. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2019; 47:26-37. [PMID: 31813413 DOI: 10.1071/fp18340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study we analysed the expression patterns of TaLr35PR2 and confirmed its role in Lr35-mediated adult resistance to leaf rust fungus. β-1,3-glucanase, a pathogenesis-related protein, has a critical function in plant defence response against fungal pathogens. We previously described the full-length gene TaLr35PR2, which encodes a protein exhibiting amino acid and structural similarity to β-1,3-glucanase, in the wheat near-isogenic line TcLr35 (GenBank accession number DQ294235.1). This work aimed to further assess TaLr35PR2 expression patterns and function in Lr35-mediated adult resistance to Puccinia triticina. Immunoblot was performed to demonstrate that TaLr35PR2 expression was triggered early by P. triticina, with expression levels markedly elevated in incompatible interaction compared with those in compatible one. Additionally, TaLr35PR2 accumulation steadily increased and overtly peaked after challenge with P. triticina through the various developmental stages of TcLr35 wheat, and remaining at similar levels after mock inoculation. Furthermore, TaLr35PR2 expression was significantly reduced in barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-induced gene knockdown plants, in which pathological assessment revealed that TaLr35PR2-silenced plants was obviously susceptible to leaf rust fungus compared with wild-type TcLr35, indicating that Lr35-mediated resistance to leaf rust was diminished. These findings strongly suggest that TaLr35PR2 is involved in Lr35-mediated wheat defence against the leaf rust pathogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liang
- Centre of Plant Disease and Plant Pests of Hebei Province, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Xiong Du
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Jiarui Zhang
- Centre of Plant Disease and Plant Pests of Hebei Province, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Centre of Plant Disease and Plant Pests of Hebei Province, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Centre of Plant Disease and Plant Pests of Hebei Province, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Centre of Plant Disease and Plant Pests of Hebei Province, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; and Corresponding author.
| | - Daqun Liu
- Centre of Plant Disease and Plant Pests of Hebei Province, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Middleton DR, Zhang X, Wantuch PL, Ozdilek A, Liu X, LoPilato R, Gangasani N, Bridger R, Wells L, Linhardt RJ, Avci FY. Identification and characterization of the Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3 capsule-specific glycoside hydrolase of Paenibacillus species 32352. Glycobiology 2018; 28:90-99. [PMID: 29190349 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwx097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus circulans Jordan 32352 was isolated from decaying organic matter in the New Jersey soil in the early 1930s. This soil-dwelling bacterium produced an enzyme capable of degrading the type 3 capsular polysaccharide (Pn3P) of Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn). Early reports of this enzyme, Pn3Pase, demonstrated its inducibility by, and specificity for Pn3P. We set out to identify and clone this enzyme for its recombinant expression and characterization. We first sequenced the genome of this bacterial species, and reclassified the Pn3Pase producing bacterium as Paenibacillus species 32352. We identified the putative protein of Pn3Pase through mass spectrometry-based proteomics and cloned the gene for recombinant expression. We then characterized the oligosaccharide products generated upon the enzymatic depolymerization of Pn3P. Sequence analysis suggests that this glycoside hydrolase belongs to a new carbohydrate-active enzyme GH family. To our knowledge, this is the only enzyme to demonstrate Pn3P depolymerization activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dustin R Middleton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Center for Molecular Medicine.,Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Xing Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biology, Biomedical Engineering, and Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Paeton L Wantuch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Center for Molecular Medicine.,Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ahmet Ozdilek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Center for Molecular Medicine.,Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biology, Biomedical Engineering, and Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | | | | | - Robert Bridger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Lance Wells
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biology, Biomedical Engineering, and Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Fikri Y Avci
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Center for Molecular Medicine.,Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Dvortsov IA, Lunina NA, Demidyuk IV, Kostrov SV. Disturbed processing of the carbohydrate‐binding module of family 54 significantly impairs its binding to polysaccharides. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:3414-3420. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor A. Dvortsov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
| | - Nataliya A. Lunina
- Institute of Molecular Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
| | - Ilya V. Demidyuk
- Institute of Molecular Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
| | - Sergey V. Kostrov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
You S, Tu T, Ma R, Huang HQ, Wang Y, Bai YG, Su XY, Cai HY, Yao B, Luo HY. Functional Analysis of a Highly Active β-Glucanase from Bispora sp. MEY-1 Using Its C-terminally Truncated Mutant. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:9728-9737. [PMID: 30043608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A β-1,3-1,4-glucanase-encoding gene, Bisglu16B, was identified in Bispora sp. MEY-1. The deduced BisGlu16B consists of an N-terminal signal peptide, a catalytic module of glycoside hydrolase family 16 (GH16), and a C-terminal serine/proline-rich module. After expression in Pichia pastoris GS115, the purified recombinant BisGlu16B showed maximal activity at pH 4.0 and 55 °C and had broad substrate specificity (β-1,3-/β-1,4-mixed, β-1,3-, β-1,4-, and β-1,6-linked glucan, and β-1,4-mannan). The enzyme possessed high specific activities toward barley β-glucan (34 700 U·mg-1), lichenan (23 900 U·mg-1), and laminarin (9 000 U·mg-1). After removing the C-terminal module, the truncated mutant, BisGlu16B-ΔC, retained similar enzymatic properties to the wild type but displayed significantly enhanced activities (up to 2.5-fold). Functional and structural analyses indicated that the C-terminal module plays a key role in the substrate binding of BisGlu16B. This study provided an excellent candidate glucanase for industrial purposes and revealed the functions of a C-terminal serine/proline-rich region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai You
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture , Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Tu
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture , Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Ma
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture , Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Huo-Qing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture , Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture , Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Guo Bai
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture , Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yun Su
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture , Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Yi Cai
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture , Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yao
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture , Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Ying Luo
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture , Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wu Q, Dou X, Wang Q, Guan Z, Cai Y, Liao X. Isolation of β-1,3-Glucanase-Producing Microorganisms from Poria cocos Cultivation Soil via Molecular Biology. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071555. [PMID: 29954113 PMCID: PMC6100237 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
β-1,3-Glucanase is considered as a useful enzymatic tool for β-1,3-glucan degradation to produce (1→3)-linked β-glucan oligosaccharides with pharmacological activity properties. To validly isolate β-1,3-glucanase-producing microorganisms, the soil of Wolfiporia extensa, considered an environment rich in β-1,3-glucan-degrading microorganisms, was subjected to high throughput sequencing. The results demonstrated that the genera Streptomyces (1.90%) and Arthrobacter (0.78%) belonging to the order Actinomycetales (8.64%) in the phylum Actinobacteria (18.64%) were observed in soil for P. cocos cultivation (FTL1). Actinomycetes were considered as the candidates for isolation of glucan-degrading microorganisms. Out of 58 isolates, only 11 exhibited β-1,3-glucan-degrading activity. The isolate SYBCQL belonging to the genus Kitasatospora with β-1,3-glucan-degrading activity was found and reported for the first time and the isolate SYBC17 displayed the highest yield (1.02 U/mg) among the isolates. To check the β-1,3-glucanase contribution to β-1,3-glucan-degrading activity, two genes, 17-W and 17-Q, encoding β-1,3-glucanase in SYBC17 and one gene QLK1 in SYBCQL were cloned and expressed for verification at the molecular level. Our findings collectively showed that the isolates able to secrete β-1,3-glucanase could be obtained with the assistance of high-throughput sequencing and genes expression analysis. These methods provided technical support for isolating β-1,3-glucanase-producing microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiulan Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Xin Dou
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Zhengbing Guan
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Yujie Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Xiangru Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Microbial and viral chitinases: Attractive biopesticides for integrated pest management. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:818-838. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
33
|
A first glycoside hydrolase family 50 endo-β-1,3-d-glucanase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Enzyme Microb Technol 2018; 108:34-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
34
|
Functional Analysis of a Novel β-(1,3)-Glucanase from Corallococcus sp. Strain EGB Containing a Fascin-Like Module. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017. [PMID: 28625980 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01016-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel β-(1,3)-glucanase gene designated lamC, cloned from Corallococcus sp. strain EGB, contains a fascin-like module and a glycoside hydrolase family 16 (GH16) catalytic module. LamC displays broad hydrolytic activity toward various polysaccharides. Analysis of the hydrolytic products revealed that LamC is an exo-acting enzyme on β-(1,3)(1,3)- and β-(1,6)-linked glucan substrates and an endo-acting enzyme on β-(1,4)-linked glucan and xylan substrates. Site-directed mutagenesis of conserved catalytic Glu residues (E304A and E309A) demonstrated that these activities were derived from the same active site. Excision of the fascin-like module resulted in decreased activity toward β-(1,3)(1,3)-linked glucans. The carbohydrate-binding assay showed that the fascin-like module was a novel β-(1,3)-linked glucan-binding module. The functional characterization of the fascin-like module and catalytic module will help us better understand these enzymes and modules.IMPORTANCE In this report of a bacterial β-(1,3)(1,3)-glucanase containing a fascin-like module, we reveal the β-(1,3)(1,3)-glucan-binding function of the fascin-like module present in the N terminus of LamC. LamC displays exo-β-(1,3)/(1,6)-glucanase and endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase/xylanase activities with a single catalytic domain. Thus, LamC was identified as a novel member of the GH16 family.
Collapse
|
35
|
Madison JD, Berg EA, Abarca JG, Whitfield SM, Gorbatenko O, Pinto A, Kerby JL. Characterization of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Inhibiting Bacteria from Amphibian Populations in Costa Rica. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:290. [PMID: 28293222 PMCID: PMC5329008 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Global amphibian declines and extinction events are occurring at an unprecedented rate. While several factors are responsible for declines and extinction, the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has been cited as a major constituent in these events. While the effects of this chytrid fungus have been shown to cause broad scale population declines and extinctions, certain individuals and relict populations have shown resistance. This resistance has been attributed in part to the cutaneous bacterial microbiome. Here, we present the first study characterizing anti-Bd bacterial isolates from amphibian populations in Costa Rica, including the characterization of two strains of Serratia marcescens presenting strong anti-Bd activity. Transcriptome sequencing was utilized for delineation of shifts in gene expression of the two previously uncharacterized strains of S. marcescens grown in three different treatments comprising Bd, heat-killed Bd, and a no Bd control. These results revealed up- and down-regulation of key genes associated with different metabolic and regulatory pathways. This information will be valuable in continued efforts to develop a bacterial-based approach for amphibian protection as well as providing direction for continued mechanistic inquiries of the bacterial anti-Bd response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Madison
- Department of Biology, University of South Dakota Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Berg
- Department of Biology, University of South Dakota Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Juan G Abarca
- Centro de Investigación en Estructuras Microscópicas, Universidad de Costa Rica San Pedro de Montes de Oca, Costa Rica
| | | | - Oxana Gorbatenko
- Life Science Laboratory, Westcore DNA Sequencing Facility, Black Hills State University Spearfish, SD, USA
| | - Adrian Pinto
- Centro de Investigación en Estructuras Microscópicas, Universidad de Costa RicaSan Pedro de Montes de Oca, Costa Rica; Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela de Medicina, Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y Molecular, Universidad de Costa RicaSan Pedro de Montes de Oca, Costa Rica
| | - Jacob L Kerby
- Department of Biology, University of South Dakota Vermillion, SD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Enhanced production of curdlan by coupled fermentation system of Agrobacterium sp. ATCC 31749 and Trichoderma harzianum GIM 3.442. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 157:1687-1694. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
37
|
Grady EN, MacDonald J, Liu L, Richman A, Yuan ZC. Current knowledge and perspectives of Paenibacillus: a review. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:203. [PMID: 27905924 PMCID: PMC5134293 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0603-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 433] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated from a wide range of sources, the genus Paenibacillus comprises bacterial species relevant to humans, animals, plants, and the environment. Many Paenibacillus species can promote crop growth directly via biological nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, production of the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and release of siderophores that enable iron acquisition. They can also offer protection against insect herbivores and phytopathogens, including bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and viruses. This is accomplished by the production of a variety of antimicrobials and insecticides, and by triggering a hypersensitive defensive response of the plant, known as induced systemic resistance (ISR). Paenibacillus-derived antimicrobials also have applications in medicine, including polymyxins and fusaricidins, which are nonribosomal lipopeptides first isolated from strains of Paenibacillus polymyxa. Other useful molecules include exo-polysaccharides (EPS) and enzymes such as amylases, cellulases, hemicellulases, lipases, pectinases, oxygenases, dehydrogenases, lignin-modifying enzymes, and mutanases, which may have applications for detergents, food and feed, textiles, paper, biofuel, and healthcare. On the negative side, Paenibacillus larvae is the causative agent of American Foulbrood, a lethal disease of honeybees, while a variety of species are opportunistic infectors of humans, and others cause spoilage of pasteurized dairy products. This broad review summarizes the major positive and negative impacts of Paenibacillus: its realised and prospective contributions to agriculture, medicine, process manufacturing, and bioremediation, as well as its impacts due to pathogenicity and food spoilage. This review also includes detailed information in Additional files 1, 2, 3 for major known Paenibacillus species with their locations of isolation, genome sequencing projects, patents, and industrially significant compounds and enzymes. Paenibacillus will, over time, play increasingly important roles in sustainable agriculture and industrial biotechnology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Nicholas Grady
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON N5V 4T3 Canada
| | - Jacqueline MacDonald
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, Dental Science Building Rm. 3014, London, ON N6A 5C1 Canada
| | - Linda Liu
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON N5V 4T3 Canada
| | - Alex Richman
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON N5V 4T3 Canada
| | - Ze-Chun Yuan
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON N5V 4T3 Canada
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, Dental Science Building Rm. 3014, London, ON N6A 5C1 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Seo DJ, Lee YS, Kim KY, Jung WJ. Antifungal activity of chitinase obtained from Paenibacillus ehimensis MA2012 against conidial of Collectotrichum gloeosporioides in vitro. Microb Pathog 2016; 96:10-4. [PMID: 27133265 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the expression patterns of chitinase on SDS-PAGE gel, Paenibacillus ehimensis MA2012 was incubated in gelatin-chitin medium (GCM) at 30 °C for 7 days. Six major bands (Ch3, Ch4, Ch5, Ch6, Ch7, and Ch8) of chitinase isozymes in GC medium appeared on SDS-PAGE gel during the incubation period. Chitinase activity staining of P. ehimensis MA2012 was detected on 2-DE with different pI values (4-11). After DEAE-Sephadex chromatography, eight bands (Ch1 to Ch8) of chitinase isozymes were stained strongly with Calcofluor white M2R at fraction 45. After Sephadex G-75 gel filtration, six bands (Ch3 to Ch8) of chitinase isozymes were stained with Calcofluor white M2R at fractions of 11-12. The specific activity of the purified chitinase was 3.8 units mg(-1) protein with a purification factor of 0.27. Inhibition rate of the conidial germination of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was 87% in partial purified chitinase treatment compared with control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jun Seo
- Fermented Food Science Division, Department of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, South Korea
| | - Yong-Sung Lee
- Department of Agriculture Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Kil-Yong Kim
- Department of Agriculture Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Jung
- Department of Agriculture Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Characterization of a thermostable endo-1,3(4)-β-glucanase from Caldicellulosiruptor sp. strain F32 and its application for yeast lysis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:4923-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7334-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
40
|
Kobayashi T, Uchimura K, Kubota T, Nunoura T, Deguchi S. Biochemical and genetic characterization of β-1,3 glucanase from a deep subseafloor Laceyella putida. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:203-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6983-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
41
|
Chen Y, Xu H, Zhou M, Wang Y, Wang S, Zhang J. Salecan Enhances the Activities of β-1,3-Glucanase and Decreases the Biomass of Soil-Borne Fungi. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134799. [PMID: 26247592 PMCID: PMC4527723 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Salecan, a linear extracellular polysaccharide consisting of β-1,3-D-glucan, has potential applications in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of salecan on soil microbial communities in a vegetable patch. Compositional shifts in the genetic structure of indigenous soil bacterial and fungal communities were monitored using culture-dependent dilution plating, culture-independent PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and quantitative PCR. After 60 days, soil microorganism counts showed no significant variation in bacterial density and a marked decrease in the numbers of fungi. The DGGE profiles revealed that salecan changed the composition of the microbial community in soil by increasing the amount of Bacillus strains and decreasing the amount of Fusarium strains. Quantitative PCR confirmed that the populations of the soil-borne fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Trichoderma spp. were decreased approximately 6- and 2-fold, respectively, in soil containing salecan. This decrease in the amount of fungi can be explained by salecan inducing an increase in the activities of β-1,3-glucanase in the soil. These results suggest the promising application of salecan for biological control of pathogens of soil-borne fungi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunmei Chen
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyang Xu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengyi Zhou
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiming Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (JZ); (SW)
| | - Jianfa Zhang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (JZ); (SW)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kognole AA, Payne CM. Cello-oligomer-binding dynamics and directionality in family 4 carbohydrate-binding modules. Glycobiology 2015; 25:1100-11. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwv048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
43
|
Purification and characterization of a new endo-β-1,3-glucanase exhibiting a high specificity for curdlan for production of β-1,3-glucan oligosaccharides. Food Sci Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-014-0108-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
|
44
|
Additional Carbohydrate-Binding Modules Enhance the Insoluble Substrate-Hydrolytic Activity of β-1,3-Glucanase from AlkaliphilicNocardiopsissp. F96. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 73:1078-82. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.80846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
45
|
Woo JB, Kang HN, Woo EJ, Lee SB. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of an endo-β-1,3-glucanase from Streptomyces matensis ATCC 23935. Food Chem 2014; 148:184-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
46
|
Cheng R, Chen J, Yu X, Wang Y, Wang S, Zhang J. Recombinant production and characterization of full-length and truncated β-1,3-glucanase PglA from Paenibacillus sp. S09. BMC Biotechnol 2013; 13:105. [PMID: 24283345 PMCID: PMC4219603 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-13-105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background β-1,3-Glucanases catalyze the hydrolysis of glucan polymers containing β-1,3-linkages. These enzymes are of great biotechnological, agricultural and industrial interest. The applications of β-1,3-glucanases is well established in fungal disease biocontrol, yeast extract production and wine extract clarification. Thus, the identification and characterization of novel β-1,3-glucanases with high catalytic efficiency and stability is of particular interest. Results A β-1,3-glucanase gene designated PglA was cloned from a newly isolated strain Paenibacillus sp. S09. The gene PglA contained a 2631-bp open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 876 amino acids which shows 76% identity with the β-1,3-glucanase (BglH) from Bacillus circulans IAM1165. The encoded protein PglA is composed of a signal peptide, an N-terminal leader region, a glycoside hydrolase family 16 (GH16) catalytic domain and a C-terminal immunoglobulin like (Ig-like) domain. The Escherichia coli expression system of PglA and five truncated derivatives containing one or two modules was constructed to investigate the role of catalytic and non-catalytic modules. The pH for optimal activity of the enzymes was slightly affected (pH 5.5-6.5) by the presence of different modules. However, the temperature for optimal activity was strongly influenced by the C-terminal domain and ranged from 50 to 60°C. Deletion of C-terminal domain resulted in obviously enhancing enzymatic thermostability. Specific activity assay indicated that PglA specifically hydrolyzes β-1,3-glucan. Insoluble β-1,3-glucan binding and hydrolysis were boosted by the presence of N-and C-terminal domains. Kinetic analysis showed that the presence of N-and C-terminus enhances the substrate affinity and catalytic efficiency of the catalytic domain toward laminarin. Carbohydrate-binding assay directly confirmed the binding capabilities of the N-and C-terminal domains. Conclusions This study provides new insight into the impacts of non-catalytic modules on enzymatic properties of β-1,3-glucanase. Activity comparison of full-length PglA and truncated forms revealed the negative effect of C-terminal region on thermal stability of the enzyme. Both the N-and C-terminal domains exerted strong binding activity toward insoluble β-1,3-glucan, and could be classified into CBM families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cheng
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kurakake M, Yamanouchi Y, Kinohara K, Moriyama S. Enzymatic Properties of β-1,3-Glucanase fromStreptomycessp Mo. J Food Sci 2013; 78:C502-6. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kurakake
- Dept. of Life and Nutritional Science; Fukuyama Univ., 1-985 Sanzo; Higashimura-cho; Fukuyama; Hiroshima; 729-0292; Japan
| | - Yuuki Yamanouchi
- Dept. of Life and Nutritional Science; Fukuyama Univ., 1-985 Sanzo; Higashimura-cho; Fukuyama; Hiroshima; 729-0292; Japan
| | - Kouta Kinohara
- Dept. of Life and Nutritional Science; Fukuyama Univ., 1-985 Sanzo; Higashimura-cho; Fukuyama; Hiroshima; 729-0292; Japan
| | - Shingo Moriyama
- Dept. of Life and Nutritional Science; Fukuyama Univ., 1-985 Sanzo; Higashimura-cho; Fukuyama; Hiroshima; 729-0292; Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Antifungal activity of extracellular hydrolases produced by autolysing Aspergillus nidulans cultures. J Microbiol 2012; 50:849-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s12275-012-2001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
49
|
Liu WC, Lin YS, Jeng WY, Chen JH, Wang AHJ, Shyur LF. Engineering of dual-functional hybrid glucanases. Protein Eng Des Sel 2012; 25:771-80. [DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzs083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
50
|
Park JK, Kim JD, Park YI, Kim SK. Purification and characterization of a 1,3-β-d-glucanase from Streptomyces torulosus PCPOK-0324. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|