1
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DeBerge M, Schroth S, Du F, Yeap XY, Wang JJ, Zhang ZJ, Ansari MJ, Scott EA, Thorp EB. Hypoxia inducible factor 2α promotes tolerogenic macrophage development during cardiac transplantation through transcriptional regulation of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2319623121. [PMID: 38889142 PMCID: PMC11214057 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2319623121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Solid organ transplantation mobilizes myeloid cells, including monocytes and macrophages, which are central protagonists of allograft rejection. However, myeloid cells can also be functionally reprogrammed by perioperative costimulatory blockade to promote a state of transplantation tolerance. Transplantation tolerance holds promise to reduce complications from chronic immunosuppression and promote long-term survival in transplant recipients. We sought to identify different mediators of transplantation tolerance by performing single-cell RNA sequencing of acute rejecting or tolerized cardiac allografts. This led to the unbiased identification of the transcription factor, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2α, in a subset of tolerogenic monocytes. Using flow cytometric analyses and mice with conditional loss or gain of function, we uncovered that myeloid cell expression of HIF-2α was required for costimulatory blockade-induced transplantation tolerance. While HIF-2α was dispensable for mobilization of tolerogenic monocytes, which were sourced in part from the spleen, it promoted the expression of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R). CSF1R mediates monocyte differentiation into tolerogenic macrophages and was found to be a direct transcriptional target of HIF-2α in splenic monocytes. Administration of the HIF stabilizer, roxadustat, within micelles to target myeloid cells, increased HIF-2α in splenic monocytes, which was associated with increased CSF1R expression and enhanced cardiac allograft survival. These data support further exploration of HIF-2α activation in myeloid cells as a therapeutic strategy for transplantation tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew DeBerge
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - Samantha Schroth
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Fanfan Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208
| | - Xin Yi Yeap
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Jiao-Jing Wang
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Zheng Jenny Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Mohammed Javeed Ansari
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Evan A. Scott
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208
| | - Edward B. Thorp
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
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2
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Yi M, Li T, Niu M, Mei Q, Zhao B, Chu Q, Dai Z, Wu K. Exploiting innate immunity for cancer immunotherapy. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:187. [PMID: 38008741 PMCID: PMC10680233 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01885-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment paradigms of various types of cancers. However, most of these immunomodulatory strategies focus on harnessing adaptive immunity, mainly by inhibiting immunosuppressive signaling with immune checkpoint blockade, or enhancing immunostimulatory signaling with bispecific T cell engager and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell. Although these agents have already achieved great success, only a tiny percentage of patients could benefit from immunotherapies. Actually, immunotherapy efficacy is determined by multiple components in the tumor microenvironment beyond adaptive immunity. Cells from the innate arm of the immune system, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and unconventional T cells, also participate in cancer immune evasion and surveillance. Considering that the innate arm is the cornerstone of the antitumor immune response, utilizing innate immunity provides potential therapeutic options for cancer control. Up to now, strategies exploiting innate immunity, such as agonists of stimulator of interferon genes, CAR-macrophage or -natural killer cell therapies, metabolic regulators, and novel immune checkpoint blockade, have exhibited potent antitumor activities in preclinical and clinical studies. Here, we summarize the latest insights into the potential roles of innate cells in antitumor immunity and discuss the advances in innate arm-targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Mei
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Flati I, Di Vito Nolfi M, Dall’Aglio F, Vecchiotti D, Verzella D, Alesse E, Capece D, Zazzeroni F. Molecular Mechanisms Underpinning Immunometabolic Reprogramming: How the Wind Changes during Cancer Progression. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1953. [PMID: 37895302 PMCID: PMC10606647 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism and the immunological state are intimately intertwined, as defense responses are bioenergetically expensive. Metabolic homeostasis is a key requirement for the proper function of immune cell subsets, and the perturbation of the immune-metabolic balance is a recurrent event in many human diseases, including cancer, due to nutrient fluctuation, hypoxia and additional metabolic changes occurring in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Although much remains to be understood in the field of immunometabolism, here, we report the current knowledge on both physiological and cancer-associated metabolic profiles of immune cells, and the main molecular circuits involved in their regulation, highlighting similarities and differences, and emphasizing immune metabolic liabilities that could be exploited in cancer therapy to overcome immune resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Daria Capece
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito 2, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.F.); (M.D.V.N.); (F.D.); (D.V.); (D.V.); (E.A.); (F.Z.)
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4
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Iske J, Cao Y, Roesel MJ, Shen Z, Nian Y. Metabolic reprogramming of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the context of organ transplantation. Cytotherapy 2023; 25:789-797. [PMID: 37204374 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are naturally occurring leukocytes that develop from immature myeloid cells under inflammatory conditions that were discovered initially in the context of tumor immunity. Because of their robust immune inhibitory activities, there has been growing interest in MDSC-based cellular therapies for transplant tolerance induction. Indeed, various pre-clinical studies have introduced in vivo expansion or adoptive transfer of MDSC as a promising therapeutic strategy leading to a profound extension of allograft survival due to suppression of alloreactive T cells. However, several limitations of cellular therapies using MDSCs remain to be addressed, including their heterogeneous nature and limited expansion capacity. Metabolic reprogramming plays a crucial role for differentiation, proliferation and effector function of immune cells. Notably, recent reports have focused on a distinct metabolic phenotype underlying the differentiation of MDSCs in an inflammatory microenvironment representing a regulatory target. A better understanding of the metabolic reprogramming of MDSCs may thus provide novel insights for MDSC-based treatment approaches in transplantation. In this review, we will summarize recent, interdisciplinary findings on MDSCs metabolic reprogramming, dissect the underlying molecular mechanisms and discuss the relevance for potential treatment approaches in solid-organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Iske
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yu Cao
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Maximilian J Roesel
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zhongyang Shen
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yeqi Nian
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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5
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Xiao C, Xiong W, Xu Y, Zou J, Zeng Y, Liu J, Peng Y, Hu C, Wu F. Immunometabolism: a new dimension in immunotherapy resistance. Front Med 2023; 17:585-616. [PMID: 37725232 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-1012-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated unparalleled clinical responses and revolutionized the paradigm of tumor treatment, while substantial patients remain unresponsive or develop resistance to ICIs as a single agent, which is traceable to cellular metabolic dysfunction. Although dysregulated metabolism has long been adjudged as a hallmark of tumor, it is now increasingly accepted that metabolic reprogramming is not exclusive to tumor cells but is also characteristic of immunocytes. Correspondingly, people used to pay more attention to the effect of tumor cell metabolism on immunocytes, but in practice immunocytes interact intimately with their own metabolic function in a way that has never been realized before during their activation and differentiation, which opens up a whole new frontier called immunometabolism. The metabolic intervention for tumor-infiltrating immunocytes could offer fresh opportunities to break the resistance and ameliorate existing ICI immunotherapy, whose crux might be to ascertain synergistic combinations of metabolic intervention with ICIs to reap synergic benefits and facilitate an adjusted anti-tumor immune response. Herein, we elaborate potential mechanisms underlying immunotherapy resistance from a novel dimension of metabolic reprogramming in diverse tumor-infiltrating immunocytes, and related metabolic intervention in the hope of offering a reference for targeting metabolic vulnerabilities to circumvent immunotherapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyue Xiao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yiting Xu
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Ji'an Zou
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yue Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yurong Peng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Chunhong Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Hunan Cancer Mega-Data Intelligent Application and Engineering Research Centre, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
- Hunan Cancer Mega-Data Intelligent Application and Engineering Research Centre, Changsha, 410011, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy in Lung Cancer, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
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6
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Kosaka A, Yajima Y, Yasuda S, Komatsuda H, Nagato T, Oikawa K, Kobayashi H, Ohkuri T. Celecoxib promotes the efficacy of STING-targeted therapy by increasing antitumor CD8 + T-cell functions via modulating glucose metabolism of CD11b + Ly6G + cells. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:1685-1697. [PMID: 36495276 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that activation of the cGAS-STING pathway is a key process in antitumor immune responses and various kinds of STING agonists have been developed for cancer immunotherapy. Despite promising preclinical studies, preliminary clinical results have shown only a modest effect of STING agonists. There is therefore a need to develop more effective treatment strategies. Based on previous observations that COX-2 is frequently overexpressed not only in a variety of cancers but also in tumor myeloid cells and that it suppresses antitumor immunity and promotes tumor survival by producing PGE2, we investigated the antitumor effects of combination therapy with a STING agonist cGAMP and the selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib in mouse models. Combination treatment with cGAMP and celecoxib inhibited tumor growth compared with either monotherapy, and the combination therapy induced both local and systemic antitumor immunity. cGAMP treatment decreased PD-1 expression on tumor-infiltrating T-cells and enhanced T-cell activation in tumor-draining lymph nodes regardless of the presence of celecoxib. Meanwhile, although celecoxib treatment did not alter the frequency of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ regulatory T-cells, it enhanced the expression of costimulatory molecules and glycolysis-associated genes in tumor-infiltrating CD11b+ Ly6G+ cells. Moreover, we also found that celecoxib decreased lactate efflux and increased the frequency of IFN-γ- and TNF-α-producing CD8+ T-cells in the tumor microenvironment. Taken together, our findings suggest that combined treatment with celecoxib may be an effective strategy to improve the antitumor efficacy of STING agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Kosaka
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Yajima
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yasuda
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Respiratory and Breast Center, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Komatsuda
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Nagato
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kensuke Oikawa
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroya Kobayashi
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ohkuri
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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7
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Zhang W, Fang X, Gao C, Song C, He Y, Zhou T, Yang X, Shang Y, Xu J. MDSCs in sepsis-induced immunosuppression and its potential therapeutic targets. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 69:90-103. [PMID: 35927154 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. In sepsis, a complicated immune response is initiated, which varies over time with sustained excessive inflammation and immunosuppression. Identifying a promising way to orchestrate sepsis-induced immunosuppression is a challenge. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) comprise pathologically activated neutrophils and monocytes with potent immunosuppressive activity. They play an important part in inhibiting innate and adaptive immune responses, and have emerged as part of the immune response in sepsis. MDSCs numbers are persistently high in sepsis patients, and associated with nosocomial infections and other adverse clinical outcomes. However, their characteristics and functional mechanisms during sepsis have not been addressed fully. Our review sheds light on the features and suppressive mechanism of MDSCs. We also review the potential applications of MDSCs as biomarkers and targets for clinical treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Institute of Anesthesiology and critical care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiangzhi Fang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenggang Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaoying Song
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yajun He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - You Shang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Institute of Anesthesiology and critical care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Jiqian Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Institute of Anesthesiology and critical care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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8
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Zhang Z, Zheng Y, Chen Y, Yin Y, Chen Y, Chen Q, Hou Y, Shen S, Lv M, Wang T. Gut fungi enhances immunosuppressive function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells by activating PKM2-dependent glycolysis to promote colorectal tumorigenesis. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:88. [DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00334-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Accumulating evidence implicates that gut fungi are associated with the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Our previous study has revealed that Candida tropicalis (C. tropicalis) promotes colorectal tumorigenesis by enhancing immunosuppressive function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and increasing accumulation of MDSCs, but the underlying mechanisms remain unestablished.
Methods
Bone marrow–derived MDSCs were stimulated with C. tropicalis. RNA-sequencing analysis was performed to screen the differentially expressed genes. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot were used to measure the expression of related proteins. Co-culture assay of MDSCs and CD8+ T cells was used to determine the immunosuppressive ability of MDSCs. Metabolomic analysis was conducted to detect metabolic reprogramming of MDSCs. Aerobic glycolysis of MDSCs was assessed by extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), glucose consumption and lactate production. A CAC mouse model was induced by AOM and DSS to determine the therapeutic action of TEPP-46. IHC and immunofluorescence were performed to examine the expression of PKM2, PKM2 (p-Y105) and iNOS in human CRC-infiltrated MDSCs.
Results
C. tropicalis facilitates immunosuppressive function of MDSCs by increasing the expression of iNOS, COX2 and NOX2, production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mechanistically, C. tropicalis facilitates the immunosuppressive function of MDSCs through the C-type lectin receptors Dectin-3 and Syk. C. tropicalis-enhanced immunosuppressive function of MDSCs is further dependent on aerobic glycolysis. On the one hand, NO produced by MDSCs enhanced aerobic glycolysis in a positive feedback manner. On the other hand, C. tropicalis promotes p-Syk binding to PKM2, which results in PKM2 Tyr105 phosphorylation and PKM2 nuclear translocation in MDSCs. Nuclear PKM2 interacts with HIF-1α and subsequently upregulates the expression of HIF-1α target genes encoding glycolytic enzymes, GLUT1, HK2, PKM2, LDHA and PDK1, which are required for the C. tropicalis-induced aerobic glycolysis of MDSCs. Blockade of PKM2 nuclear translocation attenuates C. tropicalis-mediated colorectal tumorigenesis. The high expression of PKM2, PKM2 (p-Y105) and iNOS in CRC-infiltrated MDSCs correlates with the development of human CRC.
Conclusion
C. tropicalis enhances immunosuppressive function of MDSCs via Syk-PKM2-HIF-1α-glycolysis signaling axis, which drives CRC. Therefore, we identify the Syk-PKM2-HIF-1α-glycolysis signaling axis as a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Metabolic reprograming of MDSCs within tumor microenvironment and targeting for cancer immunotherapy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1337-1348. [PMID: 34561553 PMCID: PMC9160034 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00776-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of emerging studies in field of immune metabolism have indicated that cellular metabolic reprograming serves as a major administrator in maintaining the viability and functions of both tumor cells and immune cells. As one of the most important immunosuppressive cells in tumor stroma, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) dynamically orchestrate their metabolic pathways in response to the complicated tumor microenvironment (TME), a process that consequently limits the therapeutic effectiveness of anti-cancer treatment modalities. In this context, the metabolic vulnerabilities of MDSCs could be exploited as a novel immune metabolic checkpoint upon which to intervene for promoting the efficacy of immunotherapy. Here, we have discussed about recent studies highlighting the important roles of the metabolic reprograming and the core molecular pathways involved in tumor-infiltrating MDSCs. In addition, we have also summarized the state-of-the-art strategies that are currently being employed to target MDSC metabolism and improve the efficacy of antineoplastic immunotherapy.
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10
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Mafi S, Mansoori B, Taeb S, Sadeghi H, Abbasi R, Cho WC, Rostamzadeh D. mTOR-Mediated Regulation of Immune Responses in Cancer and Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 12:774103. [PMID: 35250965 PMCID: PMC8894239 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.774103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a downstream mediator in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathways, which plays a pivotal role in regulating numerous cellular functions including cell growth, proliferation, survival, and metabolism by integrating a variety of extracellular and intracellular signals in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Dysregulation of the mTOR pathway is frequently reported in many types of human tumors, and targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway has been considered an attractive potential therapeutic target in cancer. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling transduction pathway is important not only in the development and progression of cancers but also for its critical regulatory role in the tumor microenvironment. Immunologically, mTOR is emerging as a key regulator of immune responses. The mTOR signaling pathway plays an essential regulatory role in the differentiation and function of both innate and adaptive immune cells. Considering the central role of mTOR in metabolic and translational reprogramming, it can affect tumor-associated immune cells to undergo phenotypic and functional reprogramming in TME. The mTOR-mediated inflammatory response can also promote the recruitment of immune cells to TME, resulting in exerting the anti-tumor functions or promoting cancer cell growth, progression, and metastasis. Thus, deregulated mTOR signaling in cancer can modulate the TME, thereby affecting the tumor immune microenvironment. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding the crucial role of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in controlling and shaping the immune responses in TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- The Wistar Institute, Molecular & Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Shahram Taeb
- Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hossein Sadeghi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Reza Abbasi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Davoud Rostamzadeh, ; ; William C. Cho, ;
| | - Davoud Rostamzadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
- *Correspondence: Davoud Rostamzadeh, ; ; William C. Cho, ;
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11
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Yang X, Li X, Cheng Y, Zhou J, Shen B, Zhao L, Wang J. Comprehensive Analysis of the Glycolysis-Related Gene Prognostic Signature and Immune Infiltration in Endometrial Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:797826. [PMID: 35223866 PMCID: PMC8879138 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.797826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose metabolic reprogramming and immune imbalance play important roles in the progression of cancers. The purpose of this study is to develop a glycolysis-related prognostic signature for endometrial cancer (EC) and analyze its relationship with immune function. The mRNA expression profiling of the glycolysis-related genes and clinical data of EC patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We identified a glycolysis-related gene prognostic signature for predicting the prognosis of EC by using The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and found the patients in the high-risk group had worse survival prognosis. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the gene signature was an independent prognostic factor for EC. The ROC curve confirmed the accuracy of the prognostic signature (AUC = 0.730). Then, we constructed a nomogram to predict the 1–5 years survival rate of EC patients. The association between the gene signature and immune function was analyzed based on the “ESTIMATE” and “CIBERSORT” algorithm, which showed the immune and ESTIMATE scores of patients in the high-risk group were lower, while the low immune and ESTIMATE scores were associated with a worse prognosis of patients. The imbalance of immune cells was also found in the high-risk group. Further, the protein of CDK1, a gene in the signature, was found to be closely related to prognosis of EC and inhibition of CDK1 could inhibit migration and promote apoptosis of EC cells. This study reveals a link between glycolysis-related gene signature and immunity, and provides personalized therapeutic targets for EC.
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12
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Boyer T, Blaye C, Larmonier N, Domblides C. Influence of the Metabolism on Myeloid Cell Functions in Cancers: Clinical Perspectives. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030554. [PMID: 35159363 PMCID: PMC8834417 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor metabolism plays a crucial role in sustaining tumorigenesis. There have been increasing reports regarding the role of tumor metabolism in the control of immune cell functions, generating a potent immunosuppressive contexture that can lead to immune escape. The metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells and the immune escape are two major hallmarks of cancer, with several instances of crosstalk between them. In this paper, we review the effects of tumor metabolism on immune cells, focusing on myeloid cells due to their important role in tumorigenesis and immunosuppression from the early stages of the disease. We also discuss ways to target this specific crosstalk in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Boyer
- CNRS UMR5164, ImmunoConcEpT, Site de Carreire, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (T.B.); (C.B.); (N.L.)
- Department of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Céline Blaye
- CNRS UMR5164, ImmunoConcEpT, Site de Carreire, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (T.B.); (C.B.); (N.L.)
- Department of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bergonié Institute, 229 cours de l’Argonne, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas Larmonier
- CNRS UMR5164, ImmunoConcEpT, Site de Carreire, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (T.B.); (C.B.); (N.L.)
- Department of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Charlotte Domblides
- CNRS UMR5164, ImmunoConcEpT, Site de Carreire, University of Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (T.B.); (C.B.); (N.L.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bergonié Institute, 229 cours de l’Argonne, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Saint-André, 1 rue Jean Burguet, University Hospital Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- Correspondence:
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Li X, Li Y, Yu Q, Xu L, Fu S, Wei C, Wang L, Luo Y, Shi J, Qian P, Huang H, Lin Y. mTOR Signaling Regulates the Development and Therapeutic Efficacy of PMN-MDSCs in Acute GVHD. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:741911. [PMID: 35004668 PMCID: PMC8733691 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.741911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) represent a population of heterogeneous myeloid cells, which are characterized by their remarkable ability to suppress T cells and natural killer cells. MDSCs have been proven to play a positive role in protecting acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). Here, we aimed to describe the mechanism behind how mTOR signaling regulates MDSCs' generation and explore its prophylactic and therapeutic potential in aGVHD. Reducing mTOR expression retains myeloid cells with immature characteristics and promotes polymorphonuclear MDSC (PMN-MDSC) immunosuppressive function through STAT3-C/EBPβ pathway. Prophylactic transfusion of mTORKO PMN-MDSCs could alleviate aGVHD while maintaining the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect, which could downregulate the Th1/Th2 ratio, decrease serum proinflammatory cytokines, and increase the proportion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in aGVHD models at the early stage after transplantation. Moreover, transfusion therapy could promote the reconstruction and function of donor-derived PMN-MDSCs. Not only the percentage and the absolute number of donor-derived PMN-MDSCs significantly increased but also the immunosuppressive ability was much more robust compared to other groups. Altogether, these findings indicated that mTOR is an intrinsic regulator for PMN-MDSCs' differentiation and immunosuppressive function. Together, mTORKO PMN-MDSC transfusion can play a protective role in alleviating cytokine storm at the initial stage and promoting the quantitative and functional recoveries of donor-derived PMN-MDSCs in aGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yixue Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinru Yu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Fu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Wei
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Limengmeng Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jimin Shi
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Wei H, Guo C, Zhu R, Zhang C, Han N, Liu R, Hua B, Li Y, Lin H, Yu J. Shuangshen granules attenuate lung metastasis by modulating bone marrow differentiation through mTOR signalling inhibition. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 281:113305. [PMID: 32890710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine Shuangshen granules (SSG) have been used to treat lung cancer patients with Qi deficiency and blood stasis for decades. According to clinical experience, SSG indeed improve the quality of life and prolong the survival time of patients with lung cancer after surgery. Each of the components herbs was proved to be effective in anti-cancer therapy. Both the American ginseng and notoginseng belong to genus Panax of the family Araliaceae. Preclinical and clinical studies demonstrated that ginsenosides of them have anti- or preventive activities to various tumors, including cancers of gastric, breast, liver, lung, ovarian, colon, melanoma and leukemia. PDS, such as ginsenoside Rb1, and PTS, such as ginsenoside Rg1 are the main anticancer compositions. Cordyceps sinensis had also been found effective in inhibiting tumour growth and metastasis, especially on tumour associated immune cells, such as macrophages. However, limited information is available regarding potential mechanisms of SSG. Myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC)-mediated immunosuppression, which is closely associated with poor clinical outcomes in cancer patients, may be the target of SSG, which regulate immune function. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to explore whether SSG attenuate the differentiation of bone marrow cells (BMCs) into MDSCs by blocking the mTOR signalling, leading to the suppression of lung metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, we observed the differentiation of BMCs into MDSCs in vitro and in vivo. BMCs were cultured alone or co-cultured with Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell supernatant in vitro. The effects of different concentrations of SSG, or LLC cell supernatant as a control, on BMC differentiation were detected by flow cytometry and western blotting. Male C57BL/6J mice were subcutaneously implanted with LLC cells, and SSG were administered by gavage twice daily before and after implantation for 7 or 14 days, respectively. The tumour weight, proportion of MDSCs, presence of CD11b+Ly6C+Ly6G- and CD11b+Ly6C+Ly6G+ cells in the bone marrow, blood, and lungs, as well as the expression levels of differentiation-related proteins in the bone marrow and lungs were evaluated. RESULTS SSG attenuated the differentiation of BMCs into MDSCs, and reduced the fraction of CD11b+Ly6C+Ly6G+ cells by inhibiting the mTOR/S6K1/Myc signalling pathway. In vivo, SSG attenuated differentiation-associated protein markers and reduced the fractions of MDSCs and CD11b+Ly6C+Ly6G+ cells in the bone marrow, blood, and lungs. In addition, SSG administration reduced the tumour weight and inhibited lung metastasis. CONCLUSIONS SSG may reduce lung metastasis by attenuating BMC differentiation into CD11b+Ly6C+Ly6G+ cells by inhibiting mTOR signalling in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huamin Wei
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong an Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Chunxiu Guo
- Guang'an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange St., Xicheng District, Beijing, China.
| | - Ruili Zhu
- Guang'an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange St., Xicheng District, Beijing, China.
| | - Congen Zhang
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong an Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Nina Han
- Beijing Tcmages Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Beijing, 101301, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- Guang'an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange St., Xicheng District, Beijing, China.
| | - Baojin Hua
- Guang'an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange St., Xicheng District, Beijing, China.
| | - Yangfan Li
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong an Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Hai Lin
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong an Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Jing Yu
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong an Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Hofer F, Di Sario G, Musiu C, Sartoris S, De Sanctis F, Ugel S. A Complex Metabolic Network Confers Immunosuppressive Functions to Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) within the Tumour Microenvironment. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102700. [PMID: 34685679 PMCID: PMC8534848 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) constitute a plastic and heterogeneous cell population among immune cells within the tumour microenvironment (TME) that support cancer progression and resistance to therapy. During tumour progression, cancer cells modify their metabolism to sustain an increased energy demand to cope with uncontrolled cell proliferation and differentiation. This metabolic reprogramming of cancer establishes competition for nutrients between tumour cells and leukocytes and most importantly, among tumour-infiltrating immune cells. Thus, MDSCs that have emerged as one of the most decisive immune regulators of TME exhibit an increase in glycolysis and fatty acid metabolism and also an upregulation of enzymes that catabolise essential metabolites. This complex metabolic network is not only crucial for MDSC survival and accumulation in the TME but also for enhancing immunosuppressive functions toward immune effectors. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the field of MDSC-associated metabolic pathways that could facilitate therapeutic targeting of these cells during cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Stefano Ugel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-045-8126451; Fax: +39-045-8126455
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Li K, Shi H, Zhang B, Ou X, Ma Q, Chen Y, Shu P, Li D, Wang Y. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as immunosuppressive regulators and therapeutic targets in cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:362. [PMID: 34620838 PMCID: PMC8497485 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00670-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogenic population of immature myeloid cells with immunosuppressive effects, which undergo massive expansion during tumor progression. These cells not only support immune escape directly but also promote tumor invasion via various non-immunological activities. Besides, this group of cells are proved to impair the efficiency of current antitumor strategies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Therefore, MDSCs are considered as potential therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. Treatment strategies targeting MDSCs have shown promising outcomes in both preclinical studies and clinical trials when administrated alone, or in combination with other anticancer therapies. In this review, we shed new light on recent advances in the biological characteristics and immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs. We also hope to propose an overview of current MDSCs-targeting therapies so as to provide new ideas for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Houhui Shi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Benxia Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuejin Ou
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Qizhi Ma
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Pei Shu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Li
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, and Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China. .,Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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17
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Li X, Li Y, Yu Q, Qian P, Huang H, Lin Y. Metabolic reprogramming of myeloid-derived suppressor cells: An innovative approach confronting challenges. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:257-270. [PMID: 34075637 PMCID: PMC8361984 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1mr0421-597rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune cells such as T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and other immunoregulatory cells undergo metabolic reprogramming in cancer and inflammation-derived microenvironment to meet specific physiologic and functional demands. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells that are characterized by immunosuppressive activity, which plays a key role in host immune homeostasis. In this review, we have discussed the core metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, lipid and fatty acid biosynthesis, and amino acid metabolism in the MDSCs under various pathologic situations. Metabolic reprogramming is a determinant of the phenotype and functions of MDSCs, and is therefore a novel therapeutic possibility in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yixue Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Qinru Yu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yu Lin
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
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Udumula MP, Sakr S, Dar S, Alvero AB, Ali-Fehmi R, Abdulfatah E, Li J, Jiang J, Tang A, Buekers T, Morris R, Munkarah A, Giri S, Rattan R. Ovarian cancer modulates the immunosuppressive function of CD11b +Gr1 + myeloid cells via glutamine metabolism. Mol Metab 2021; 53:101272. [PMID: 34144215 PMCID: PMC8267600 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Immature CD11b + Gr1+ myeloid cells that acquire immunosuppressive capability, also known as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), are a heterogeneous population of cells that regulate immune responses. Our study's objective was to elucidate the role of ovarian cancer microenvironment in regulating the immunosuppressive function of CD11b+Gr1+ myeloid cells. Methods All studies were performed using the intraperitoneal ID8 syngeneic epithelial ovarian cancer mouse model. Myeloid cell depletion and immunotherapy were carried out using anti-Gr1 mAb, gemcitabine treatments, and/or anti-PD1 mAb. The treatment effect was assessed by a survival curve, in situ luciferase-guided imaging, and histopathologic evaluation. Adoptive transfer assays were carried out between congenic CD45.2 and CD45.1 mice. Immune surface and intracellular markers were assessed by flow cytometry. ELISA, western blot, and RT-PCR techniques were employed to assess the protein and RNA expression of various markers. Bone marrow-derived myeloid cells were used for ex-vivo studies. Results The depletion of Gr1+ immunosuppressive myeloid cells alone and in combination with anti-PD1 immunotherapy inhibited ovarian cancer growth. In addition to the adoptive transfer studies, these findings validate the role of immunosuppressive CD11b+Gr1+ myeloid cells in promoting ovarian cancer. Mechanistic investigations showed that ID8 tumor cells and their microenvironments produced recruitment and regulatory factors for immunosuppressive CD11b+Gr1+ myeloid cells. CD11b+Gr1+ myeloid cells primed by ID8 tumors showed increased immunosuppressive marker expression and acquired an energetic metabolic phenotype promoted primarily by increased oxidative phosphorylation fueled by glutamine. Inhibiting the glutamine metabolic pathway reduced the increased oxidative phosphorylation and decreased immunosuppressive markers’ expression and function. Dihydrolipoamide succinyl transferase (DLST), a subunit of α-KGDC in the TCA cycle, was found to be the most significantly elevated gene in tumor-primed myeloid cells. The inhibition of DLST reduced oxidative phosphorylation, immunosuppressive marker expression and function in myeloid cells. Conclusion Our study shows that the ovarian cancer microenvironment can regulate the metabolism and function of immunosuppressive CD11b + Gr1+ myeloid cells and modulate its immune microenvironment. Targeting glutamine metabolism via DLST in immunosuppressive myeloid cells decreased their activity, leading to a reduction in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Thus, targeting glutamine metabolism has the potential to enhance the success of immunotherapy in ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer microenvironment increases the immunosuppressive ability of myeloid cells. Ovarian cancer microenvironment can induce metabolic reprogramming in the immunosuppressive myeloid cells. Immunosuppressive myeloid cells upsurge their oxidative metabolism fueled by glutamine in ovarian cancer. DLST, a component of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex plays a key role in the immunometabolic regulation of immunosuppressive myeloid cells in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary P Udumula
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Department of Women's Health Services, Henry Ford Cancer Institute and Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sharif Sakr
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sajad Dar
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Department of Women's Health Services, Henry Ford Cancer Institute and Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ayesha B Alvero
- Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Rouba Ali-Fehmi
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Eman Abdulfatah
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Metabolomics Core, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jun Jiang
- Metabolomics Core, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Amy Tang
- Department of Public Health Services, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Thomas Buekers
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Department of Women's Health Services, Henry Ford Cancer Institute and Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Gynecology Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Robert Morris
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Adnan Munkarah
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Department of Women's Health Services, Henry Ford Cancer Institute and Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Shailendra Giri
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ramandeep Rattan
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Department of Women's Health Services, Henry Ford Cancer Institute and Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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19
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Comments on the ambiguity of selected surface markers, signaling pathways and omics profiles hampering the identification of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Cell Immunol 2021; 364:104347. [PMID: 33838447 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are important immune-regulatory cells but their identification remains difficult. Here, we provide a critical view on selected surface markers, transcriptional and translational pathways commonly used to identify MDSC by specific, their developmental origin and new possibilities by transcriptional or proteomic profiling. Discrimination of MDSC from their non-suppressive counterparts is a prerequisite for the development of successful therapies. Understanding the switch mechanisms that direct granulocytic and monocytic development into a pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory direction will be crucial for therapeutic strategies. Manipulation of these myeloid checkpoints are exploited by tumors and pathogens, such as M. tuberculosis (Mtb), HIV or SARS-CoV-2, that induce MDSC for immune evasion. Thus, specific markers for MDSC identification may reveal also novel molecular candidates for therapeutic intervention at the level of MDSC.
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Huang H, Zhou J, Chen H, Li J, Zhang C, Jiang X, Ni C. The immunomodulatory effects of endocrine therapy in breast cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:19. [PMID: 33413549 PMCID: PMC7792133 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01788-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine therapies with SERMs (selective estrogen receptor modulators) or SERDs (selective estrogen receptor downregulators) are standard therapies for patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Multiple small molecule inhibitors targeting the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway or CDK4/6 have been developed to be used in combination with anti-estrogen drugs to overcome endocrine resistance. In addition to their direct antitumor effects, accumulating evidence has revealed the tumor immune microenvironment (TIM)-modulating effects of these therapeutic strategies, which have not been properly acknowledged previously. The immune microenvironment of breast tumors plays a crucial role in tumor development, metastasis and treatment response to endocrine therapy and immunotherapy. Therefore, in our current work, we comprehensively review the immunomodulatory effect of endocrine therapy and discuss its potential applications in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors in breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hailong Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Anatomy School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Jiang
- School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China.
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, 17176, Sweden.
| | - Chao Ni
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
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21
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Sun HW, Chen J, Wu WC, Yang YY, Xu YT, Yu XJ, Chen HT, Wang Z, Wu XJ, Zheng L. Retinoic Acid Synthesis Deficiency Fosters the Generation of Polymorphonuclear Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 2021; 9:20-33. [PMID: 33177108 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-20-0389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism is reprogrammed in cancer to fulfill the demands of malignant cells for cancer initiation and progression. Apart from its effects within cancer cells, little is known about whether and how reprogramed metabolism regulates the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME). Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are key regulators of the TME and greatly affect tumor progression and therapeutic responses. In this study, our results revealed that retinol metabolism-related genes and enzymes were significantly downregulated in human colorectal cancer compared with adjacent colonic tissues, and tumors exhibited a defect in retinoic acid (RA) synthesis. Reduced ADH1-mediated retinol metabolism was associated with attenuated RA signaling and accumulated MDSCs in colorectal cancer tumors. Using an in vitro model, generating MDSCs from CD34+ myeloid precursors, we found that exogenous RA could abrogate the generation of polymorphonuclear MDSCs (PMN-MDSC) with negligible impact on myeloid differentiation. Mechanistically, RA could restrain the glycolytic capacity of myeloid cells, which in turn activated the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, further impairing the suppressive capacity of myeloid cells. Supplementation with RA could significantly delay tumor growth, with reduced arginase-1-expressing myeloid cells and increased CD8+ and granzyme B+ T cells in both colitis-associated and implanted MC38 mouse colorectal cancer models. Our results indicated that the defect in ADH1-mediated RA synthesis could provide a possible mechanism that fosters the generation of PMN-MDSCs in colorectal cancer and that restoring RA signaling in the TME could serve as a promising therapeutic strategy to abrogate the generation of PMN-MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Sun
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Chao Wu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yan-Yan Yang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Tuo Xu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Juan Yu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Tian Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zilian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Wu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limin Zheng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Naik A, Decock J. Lactate Metabolism and Immune Modulation in Breast Cancer: A Focused Review on Triple Negative Breast Tumors. Front Oncol 2020; 10:598626. [PMID: 33324565 PMCID: PMC7725706 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.598626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer associated with poor prognosis, early recurrence, and the lack of durable chemotherapy responses and specific targeted treatments. The recent FDA approval for immune checkpoint inhibition in combination with nab-paclitaxel for the treatment of metastatic TNBC created opportunity to advocate for immunotherapy in TNBC patients. However, improving the current low response rates is vital. Most cancers, including TNBC tumors, display metabolic plasticity and undergo reprogramming into highly glycolytic tumors through the Warburg effect. Consequently, accumulation of the metabolic byproduct lactate and extracellular acidification is often observed in several solid tumors, thereby exacerbating tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis. In this review, we focus on the role of lactate acidosis in the microenvironment of glycolytic breast tumors as a major driver for immune evasion with a special emphasis on TNBCs. In particular, we will discuss the role of lactate regulators such as glucose transporters, lactate dehydrogenases, and lactate transporters in modulating immune functionality and checkpoint expression in numerous immune cell types. This review aims to spark discussion on interventions targeting lactate acidosis in combination with immunotherapy to provide an effective means of improving response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in TNBC, in addition to highlighting challenges that may arise from TNBC tumor heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adviti Naik
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Julie Decock
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
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23
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Drijvers JM, Sharpe AH, Haigis MC. The effects of age and systemic metabolism on anti-tumor T cell responses. eLife 2020; 9:e62420. [PMID: 33170123 PMCID: PMC7655106 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Average age and obesity prevalence are increasing globally. Both aging and obesity are characterized by profound systemic metabolic and immunologic changes and are cancer risk factors. The mechanisms linking age and body weight to cancer are incompletely understood, but recent studies have provided evidence that the anti-tumor immune response is reduced in both conditions, while responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade, a form of cancer immunotherapy, is paradoxically intact. Dietary restriction, which promotes health and lifespan, may enhance cancer immunity. These findings illustrate that the systemic context can impact anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy responsiveness. Here, we review the current knowledge of how age and systemic metabolic state affect the anti-tumor immune response, with an emphasis on CD8+ T cells, which are key players in anti-tumor immunity. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms may lead to novel therapies enhancing anti-tumor immunity in the context of aging or metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefte M Drijvers
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute and Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s HospitalBostonUnited States
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute and Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute and Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s HospitalBostonUnited States
| | - Marcia C Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute and Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
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24
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Connections between Metabolism and Epigenetic Modification in MDSCs. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197356. [PMID: 33027968 PMCID: PMC7582655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are major immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). During the differentiation and development of MDSCs from myeloid progenitor cells, their functions are also affected by a series of regulatory factors in the TME, such as metabolic reprogramming, epigenetic modification, and cell signaling pathways. Additionally, there is a crosstalk between these regulatory factors. This review mainly introduces the metabolism (especially glucose metabolism) and significant epigenetic modification of MDSCs in the TME, and briefly introduces the connections between metabolism and epigenetic modification in MDSCs, in order to determine the further impact on the immunosuppressive effect of MDSCs, so as to serve as a more effective target for tumor therapy.
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25
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Xu T, Sun D, Chen Y, Ouyang L. Targeting mTOR for fighting diseases: A revisited review of mTOR inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 199:112391. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zadka Ł, Grybowski DJ, Dzięgiel P. Modeling of the immune response in the pathogenesis of solid tumors and its prognostic significance. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2020; 43:539-575. [PMID: 32488850 PMCID: PMC7363737 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-020-00519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor initiation and subsequent progression are usually long-term processes, spread over time and conditioned by diverse aspects. Many cancers develop on the basis of chronic inflammation; however, despite dozens of years of research, little is known about the factors triggering neoplastic transformation under these conditions. Molecular characterization of both pathogenetic states, i.e., similarities and differences between chronic inflammation and cancer, is also poorly defined. The secretory activity of tumor cells may change the immunophenotype of immune cells and modify the extracellular microenvironment, which allows the bypass of host defense mechanisms and seems to have diagnostic and prognostic value. The phenomenon of immunosuppression is also present during chronic inflammation, and the development of cancer, due to its duration, predisposes patients to the promotion of chronic inflammation. The aim of our work was to discuss the above issues based on the latest scientific insights. A theoretical mechanism of cancer immunosuppression is also proposed. CONCLUSIONS Development of solid tumors may occur both during acute and chronic phases of inflammation. Differences in the regulation of immune responses between precancerous states and the cancers resulting from them emphasize the importance of immunosuppressive factors in oncogenesis. Cancer cells may, through their secretory activity and extracellular transport mechanisms, enhance deterioration of the immune system which, in turn, may have prognostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Zadka
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Damian J Grybowski
- Orthopedic Surgery, University of Illinois, 900 S. Ashland Avenue (MC944) Room 3356, Molecular Biology Research Building Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
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Scheurer J, Reisser T, Leithäuser F, Messmann JJ, Holzmann K, Debatin KM, Strauss G. Rapamycin-based graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis increases the immunosuppressivity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells without affecting T cells and anti-tumor cytotoxicity. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 202:407-422. [PMID: 32681646 PMCID: PMC7670162 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunosuppressant rapamycin (RAPA) inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) functions and is applied after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) to attenuate the development of graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD), although the cellular targets of RAPA treatment are not well defined. Allogeneic T cells are the main drivers of GVHD, while immunoregulatory myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were recently identified as potent disease inhibitors. In this study, we analyzed whether RAPA prevents the deleterious effects of allogeneic T cells or supports the immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs in a BMT model with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) classes I and II disparities. RAPA treatment efficiently attenuated clinical and histological GVHD and strongly decreased disease‐induced mortality. Although splenocyte numbers increased during RAPA treatment, the ratio of effector T cells to MDSCs was unaltered. However, RAPA treatment induced massive changes in the genomic landscape of MDSCs preferentially up‐regulating genes responsible for uptake or signal transduction of lipopeptides and lipoproteins. Most importantly, MDSCs from RAPA‐treated mice exhibited increased immunosuppressive potential, which was primarily inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)‐dependent. Surprisingly, RAPA treatment had no impact on the genomic landscape of T cells, which was reflected by unchanged expression of activation and exhaustion markers and cytokine profiles in T cells from RAPA‐treated and untreated mice. Similarly, T cell cytotoxicity and the graft‐versus‐tumor effect were maintained as co‐transplanted tumor cells were efficiently eradicated, indicating that the immunosuppressant RAPA might be an attractive approach to strengthen the immunosuppressive function of MDSCs without affecting T cell immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Scheurer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - T Reisser
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - F Leithäuser
- Institute of Pathology, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - J J Messmann
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - K Holzmann
- Genomic-Core Facility, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - K-M Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - G Strauss
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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28
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Cui Y, Li X, Du B, Diao Y, Li Y. PD-L1 in Lung Adenocarcinoma: Insights into the Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:6385-6395. [PMID: 32801879 PMCID: PMC7394511 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s256871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in expression of tumor programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression and prognostic significance of 18F-FDG PET/CT at different PD-L1 status in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Patients and Methods Seventy-three patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma who received 18F-FDG PET/CT before treatment were retrospectively included in this study. Expression of tumor PD-L1, programmed death-1 (PD-1) and glucose metabolic parameters were evaluated. Results Tumor PD-L1 expression was positively correlated with maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), hexokinase II (HK-II) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) (P<0.0001 for all). SUVmax was a unique independent predictor of tumor PD-L1 expression, with an optimal cut-off value of 9.5. For all the patients, tumor stage (P<0.001) and SUVmax (P=0.009) were independent prognostic indicators of disease-free survival (DFS)/progression-free survival (PFS) while carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) (P=0.003), Ki67 (P=0.042), PD-L1 (P=0.048) and TLG (P=0.004) were independent prognostic indicators of overall survival (OS). Tumor stage (P=0.004) and SUVmax (P=0.022) were independent prognostic indicators of DFS/PFS while TLG (P=0.012) and CEA (P=0.045) were independent prognostic indicators of OS in the PD-L1-positive group. In the PD-L1-negative group, tumor stage (P=0.002) and CEA (P=0.006) were unique independent prognostic indicators of DFS/PFS and OS, respectively. Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT may potentially predict tumor PD-L1 expression and play a role in predicting prognosis of PD-L1/PD-1 immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cui
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuena Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Bulin Du
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Diao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaming Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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29
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Yang Y, Li C, Liu T, Dai X, Bazhin AV. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Tumors: From Mechanisms to Antigen Specificity and Microenvironmental Regulation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1371. [PMID: 32793192 PMCID: PMC7387650 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the various immunological and non-immunological tumor-promoting activities of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), their immunosuppressive capacity remains a key hallmark. Effort in the past decade has provided us with a clearer view of the suppressive nature of MDSCs. More suppressive pathways have been identified, and their recognized targets have been expanded from T cells and natural killer (NK) cells to other immune cells. These novel mechanisms and targets afford MDSCs versatility in suppressing both innate and adaptive immunity. On the other hand, a better understanding of the regulation of their development and function has been unveiled. This intricate regulatory network, consisting of tumor cells, stromal cells, soluble mediators, and hostile physical conditions, reveals bi-directional crosstalk between MDSCs and the tumor microenvironment. In this article, we will review available information on how MDSCs exert their immunosuppressive function and how they are regulated in the tumor milieu. As MDSCs are a well-established obstacle to anti-tumor immunity, new insights in the potential synergistic combination of MDSC-targeted therapy and immunotherapy will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Lab of Molecular Imaging, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaofang Dai
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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30
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Wang Y, Jia A, Bi Y, Wang Y, Liu G. Metabolic Regulation of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Function in Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041011. [PMID: 32325683 PMCID: PMC7226088 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a group of immunosuppressive cells that play crucial roles in promoting tumor growth and protecting tumors from immune recognition in tumor-bearing mice and cancer patients. Recently, it has been shown that the metabolic activity of MDSCs plays an important role in the regulation of their inhibitory function, especially in the processes of tumor occurrence and development. The MDSC metabolism, such as glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation and amino acid metabolism, is rewired in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which enhances the immunosuppressive activity, resulting in effector T cell apoptosis and suppressive cell proliferation. Herein, we summarized the recent progress in the metabolic reprogramming and immunosuppressive function of MDSCs during tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.W.); (A.J.); (Y.W.)
| | - Anna Jia
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.W.); (A.J.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yujing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China;
| | - Yuexin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.W.); (A.J.); (Y.W.)
| | - Guangwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.W.); (A.J.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-10-58800026
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31
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Tuo Y, Zhang Z, Tian C, Hu Q, Xie R, Yang J, Zhou H, Lu L, Xiang M. Anti-inflammatory and metabolic reprogramming effects of MENK produce antitumor response in CT26 tumor-bearing mice. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:215-228. [PMID: 31994797 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ma0120-578r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Methionine enkephalin (MENK), an endogenous opioid peptide, has a role in nervous system, immune system, and anticancer therapy. Inflammation, metabolism and cancer are closely intertwined with each other. This study is to identify the correlation of the antitumor effects of MENK with systemic inflammation, liver metabolism, and immune cells as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). We established a subcutaneous CT26 colon carcinoma model and a cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressive model subjected to MENK. AML12 and MDSCs were used as in vitro models. The results showed that MENK treatment degraded tumor growth and inhibited proinflammatory cytokines both in tumor tissues and serum. The MENK-treated tumor mice showed normalized liver function with glycolipid metabolic homeostasis. No inhibitory effect on CT26 tumor cell in vitro, but only reduced lipid synthesis in AML12 were presented by MENK. Meanwhile, MENK invigorated immune response in both two animal models by markedly suppressing MDSCs and enhancing T cells response. In vitro MENK-treated MDSCs showed reduced glycolysis and less ROS production, which was mediated by PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Opioid receptor antagonist naltrexone reversed most of the regulation. These results illustrate that MENK preventing development of colon carcinoma might be correlated with the suppression of inflammation, improving metabolism in liver as well as in MDSCs partly through opioid receptor, which brings new elements supporting the adjuvant therapy for tumor by MENK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Tuo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zijun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinyu Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Competitive glucose metabolism as a target to boost bladder cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Urol 2020; 17:77-106. [PMID: 31953517 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-019-0263-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer - the tenth most frequent cancer worldwide - has a heterogeneous natural history and clinical behaviour. The predominant histological subtype, urothelial bladder carcinoma, is characterized by high recurrence rates, progression and both primary and acquired resistance to platinum-based therapy, which impose a considerable economic burden on health-care systems and have substantial effects on the quality of life and the overall outcomes of patients with bladder cancer. The incidence of urothelial tumours is increasing owing to population growth and ageing, so novel therapeutic options are vital. Based on work by The Cancer Genome Atlas project, which has identified targetable vulnerabilities in bladder cancer, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have arisen as an effective alternative for managing advanced disease. However, although ICIs have shown durable responses in a subset of patients with bladder cancer, the overall response rate is only ~15-25%, which increases the demand for biomarkers of response and therapeutic strategies that can overcome resistance to ICIs. In ICI non-responders, cancer cells use effective mechanisms to evade immune cell antitumour activity; the overlapping Warburg effect machinery of cancer and immune cells is a putative determinant of the immunosuppressive phenotype in bladder cancer. This energetic interplay between tumour and immune cells leads to metabolic competition in the tumour ecosystem, limiting nutrient availability and leading to microenvironmental acidosis, which hinders immune cell function. Thus, molecular hallmarks of cancer cell metabolism are potential therapeutic targets, not only to eliminate malignant cells but also to boost the efficacy of immunotherapy. In this sense, integrating the targeting of tumour metabolism into immunotherapy design seems a rational approach to improve the therapeutic efficacy of ICIs.
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Lim J, Lee A, Lee HG, Lim JS. Modulation of Immunosuppression by Oligonucleotide-Based Molecules and Small Molecules Targeting Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2020; 28:1-17. [PMID: 31431006 PMCID: PMC6939693 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2019.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immature myeloid cells that exert suppressive function on the immune response. MDSCs expand in tumor-bearing hosts or in the tumor microenvironment and suppress T cell responses via various mechanisms, whereas a reduction in their activities has been observed in autoimmune diseases or infections. It has been reported that the symptoms of various diseases, including malignant tumors, can be alleviated by targeting MDSCs. Moreover, MDSCs can contribute to patient resistance to therapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors. In line with these therapeutic approaches, diverse oligonucleotide-based molecules and small molecules have been evaluated for their therapeutic efficacy in several disease models via the modulation of MDSC activity. In the current review, MDSC-targeting oligonucleotides and small molecules are briefly summarized, and we highlight the immunomodulatory effects on MDSCs in a variety of disease models and the application of MDSC-targeting molecules for immuno-oncologic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Lim
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Gu Lee
- Medical Genomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Lim
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea.,Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
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34
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Puttmann K, Duggan M, Mortazavi A, Diaz DA, Carson III WE, Sundi D. The Role of Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells in Urothelial Carcinoma Immunotherapy. Bladder Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/blc-190219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Puttmann
- Department of Urology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Megan Duggan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amir Mortazavi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dayssy Alexandra Diaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - William E. Carson III
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Debasish Sundi
- Department of Urology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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Salminen A, Kauppinen A, Kaarniranta K. AMPK activation inhibits the functions of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC): impact on cancer and aging. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:1049-1064. [PMID: 31129755 PMCID: PMC6647228 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01795-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has a crucial role not only in the regulation of tissue energy metabolism but it can also control immune responses through its cooperation with immune signaling pathways, thus affecting immunometabolism and the functions of immune cells. It is known that AMPK signaling inhibits the activity of the NF-κB system and thus suppresses pro-inflammatory responses. Interestingly, AMPK activation can inhibit several major immune signaling pathways, e.g., the JAK-STAT, NF-κB, C/EBPβ, CHOP, and HIF-1α pathways, which induce the expansion and activation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). MDSCs induce an immunosuppressive microenvironment in tumors and thus allow the escape of tumor cells from immune surveillance. Chronic inflammation has a key role in the expansion and activation of MDSCs in both tumors and inflammatory disorders. The numbers of MDSCs also significantly increase during the aging process concurrently with the immunosenescence associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Increased fatty acid oxidation and lactate produced by aerobic glycolysis are important immunometabolic enhancers of MDSC functions. However, it seems that AMPK signaling regulates the functions of MDSCs in a context-dependent manner. Currently, the activators of AMPK signaling are promising drug candidates for cancer therapy and possibly for the extension of healthspan and lifespan. We will describe in detail the AMPK-mediated regulation of the signaling pathways controlling the expansion and activation of immunosuppressive MDSCs. We will propose that the beneficial effects mediated by AMPK activation, e.g., in cancers and the aging process, could be induced by the inhibition of MDSC functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Anu Kauppinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, FI-70029, Kuopio, Finland
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Morgan MA, Schambach A. Engineering CAR-T Cells for Improved Function Against Solid Tumors. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2493. [PMID: 30420856 PMCID: PMC6217729 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic engineering T cells to create clinically applied chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells has led to improved patient outcomes for some forms of hematopoietic malignancies. While this has inspired the biomedical community to develop similar strategies to treat solid tumor patients, challenges such as the immunosuppressive character of the tumor microenvironment, CAR-T cell persistence and trafficking to the tumor seem to limit CAR-T cell efficacy in solid cancers. This review provides an overview of mechanisms that tumors exploit to evade eradication by CAR-T cells as well as emerging approaches that incorporate genetic engineering technologies to improve CAR-T cell activity against solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Morgan
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Schambach
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Division of Hematology/Oncology Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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