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High-efficiency organogenesis and evaluation of the regenerated plants by flow cytometry of a broad range of Saccharum spp. hybrids. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01176-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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2
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Abstract
Biolistic transformation is one of two popular methods for introducing genes into sugarcane. However, unlike Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, the efficiency of gene transfer into sugarcane cells, using the biolistic method is very high. In addition to this, the biolistic transformation method is independent of the explant genotype or tissue. It also has the advantage that a minimum DNA sequence of linearized plasmid can be used, thus eliminating the introduction of undesirable plasmid derived genes, delivering low-copy transgenic events. In this chapter, we describe the method for efficient delivery of genes into sugarcane cells using a biolistic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yue Sun
- Sugar Research Australia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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3
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Ramasamy M, Mora V, Damaj MB, Padilla CS, Ramos N, Rossi D, Solís-Gracia N, Vargas-Bautista C, Irigoyen S, DaSilva JA, Mirkov TE, Mandadi KK. A biolistic-based genetic transformation system applicable to a broad-range of sugarcane and energycane varieties. GM CROPS & FOOD 2018; 9:211-227. [PMID: 30558472 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2018.1553836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Sugarcane and energycane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) are prominent sources of sugar, ethanol, as well as high-value bioproducts globally. Genetic analysis for trait improvement of sugarcane is greatly hindered by its complex genome, limited germplasm resources, long breeding cycle, as well as recalcitrance to genetic transformation. Here, we present a biolistic-based transformation and bioreactor-based micro-propagation system that has been utilized successfully to transform twelve elite cane genotypes, yielding transformation efficiencies of up to 39%. The system relies on the generation of embryogenic callus from sugarcane and energycane apical shoot tissue, followed by DNA bombardment of embryogenic leaf roll discs (approximately one week) or calli (approximately 4 weeks). We present optimal criteria and practices for selection and regeneration of independent transgenic lines, molecular characterization, as well as a bioreactor-based micro-propagation technique, which can aid in rapid multiplication and analysis of transgenic lines. The cane transformation and micro-propagation system described here, although built on our previous protocols, has significantly accelerated the process of producing and multiplying transgenic material, and it is applicable to other varieties. The system is highly reproducible and has been successfully used to engineer multiple commercial sugarcane and energycane varieties. It will benefit worldwide researchers interested in genomics and genetics of sugarcane photosynthesis, cell wall, and bioenergy related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Mora
- a Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center , Weslaco , TX , USA
| | - Mona B Damaj
- a Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center , Weslaco , TX , USA
| | - Carmen S Padilla
- a Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center , Weslaco , TX , USA
| | - Ninfa Ramos
- a Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center , Weslaco , TX , USA
| | - Denise Rossi
- a Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center , Weslaco , TX , USA
| | - Nora Solís-Gracia
- a Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center , Weslaco , TX , USA
| | | | - Sonia Irigoyen
- a Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center , Weslaco , TX , USA
| | - Jorge A DaSilva
- a Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center , Weslaco , TX , USA.,b Department of Soil & Crop Sciences , Texas A&M University , TX , USA
| | - T Erik Mirkov
- a Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center , Weslaco , TX , USA.,c Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology , Texas A&M University , TX , USA
| | - Kranthi K Mandadi
- a Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center , Weslaco , TX , USA.,c Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology , Texas A&M University , TX , USA
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Guidelli GV, Mattiello L, Gallinari RH, Lucca PCD, Menossi M. pGVG: a new Gateway-compatible vector for transformation of sugarcane and other monocot crops. Genet Mol Biol 2018; 41:450-454. [PMID: 30088611 PMCID: PMC6082244 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2017-0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The successful development of genetically engineered monocots using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation has created an increasing demand for compatible vectors. We have developed a new expression vector, pGVG, for efficient transformation and expression of different constructs for gene overexpression and silencing in sugarcane. The pCAMBIA2300 binary vector was modified by adding Gateway recombination sites for fast gene transfer between vectors and the maize polyubiquitin promoter Ubi-1 (ZmUbi1), which is known to drive high gene expression levels in monocots. Transformation efficiency using the pGVG vector reached up to 14 transgenic events per gram of transformed callus. Transgenic plants expressing the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene from pGVG showed high levels of GUS activity. qRT-PCR evaluations demonstrated success for both overexpression and hairpin-based silencing cassettes. Therefore, pGVG is suitable for plant transformation and subsequent applications for high-throughput production of stable transgenic sugarcane. The use of an expression cassette based on the ZmUbi1 promoter opens the possibility of using pGVG in other monocot species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna V Guidelli
- Laboratório de Genoma Funcional, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucia Mattiello
- Laboratório de Genoma Funcional, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael H Gallinari
- Laboratório de Genoma Funcional, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cezar de Lucca
- PangeiaBiotech, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Menossi
- Laboratório de Genoma Funcional, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Aslam U, Tabassum B, Nasir IA, Khan A, Husnain T. A virus-derived short hairpin RNA confers resistance against sugarcane mosaic virus in transgenic sugarcane. Transgenic Res 2018; 27:203-210. [PMID: 29492792 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-018-0066-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is commonly used to produce virus tolerant transgenic plants. The objective of the current study was to generate transgenic sugarcane plants expressing a short hairpin RNAs (shRNA) targeting the coat protein (CP) gene of sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV). Based on multiple sequence alignment, including genomic sequences of four SCMV strains, a conserved region of ~ 456 bp coat protein (CP) gene was selected as target gene and amplified through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Subsequently, siRNAs2 and siRNA4 were engineered as stable short hairpin (shRNA) transgenes of 110 bp with stem and loop sequences derived from microRNA (sof-MIR168a; an active regulatory miRNA in sugarcane). These transgenes were cloned in independent RNAi constructs under the control of the polyubiquitin promoter. The RNAi constructs were delivered into two sugarcane cultivars 'SPF-234 and NSG-311 in independent experiments using particle bombardment. Molecular identification through PCR and Southern blot revealed anti-SCMV positive transgenic lines. Upon mechanical inoculation of transgenic and non-transgenic sugarcane lines with SCMV, the degree of resistance was found variable among the two sugarcane cultivars. For sugarcane cultivar NSG-311, the mRNA expression of the CP-SCMV was reduced to 10% in shRNA2-transgenic lines and 80% in shRNA4-transgenic lines. In sugarcane cultivar SPF-234, the mRNA expression of the CP-SCMV was reduced to 20% in shRNA2-transgenic lines and 90% in shRNA4 transgenic lines, revealing that transgenic plants expressing shRNA4 were almost immune to SCMV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Aslam
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Tabassum
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan.
| | - Idrees Ahmad Nasir
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Khan
- Department of Microbiology, BUITEMS, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Husnain
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
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Basso MF, da Cunha BADB, Ribeiro AP, Martins PK, de Souza WR, de Oliveira NG, Nakayama TJ, Augusto das Chagas Noqueli Casari R, Santiago TR, Vinecky F, Cançado LJ, de Sousa CAF, de Oliveira PA, de Souza SACD, Cançado GMDA, Kobayashi AK, Molinari HBC. Improved Genetic Transformation of Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) Embryogenic Callus Mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 2:221-239. [PMID: 31725972 DOI: 10.1002/cppb.20055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is a monocotyledonous semi-perennial C4 grass of the Poaceae family. Its capacity to accumulate high content of sucrose and biomass makes it one of the most important crops for sugar and biofuel production. Conventional methods of sugarcane breeding have shown several limitations due to its complex polyploid and aneuploid genome. However, improvement by biotechnological engineering is currently the most promising alternative to introduce economically important traits. In this work, we present an improved protocol for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of commercial sugarcane hybrids using immature top stalk-derived embryogenic callus cultures. The callus cultures are transformed with preconditioned A. tumefaciens carrying a binary vector that encodes expression cassettes for a gene of interest and the bialaphos resistance gene (bar confers resistance to glufosinate-ammonium herbicide). This protocol has been used to successfully transform a commercial sugarcane cultivar, SP80-3280, highlighting: (i) reduced recalcitrance and oxidation; (ii) high yield of embryogenic callus; (iii) improved selection; and (iv) shoot regeneration and rooting of the transformed plants. Altogether, these improvements generated a transformation efficiency of 2.2%. This protocol provides a reliable tool for a routine procedure for sugarcane improvement by genetic engineering. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Fernando Basso
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Agroenergy Research (CNPAE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Andrade Dias Brito da Cunha
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Agroenergy Research (CNPAE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ribeiro
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Agroenergy Research (CNPAE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Polyana Kelly Martins
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Agroenergy Research (CNPAE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Wagner Rodrigo de Souza
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Agroenergy Research (CNPAE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Nelson Geraldo de Oliveira
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Agroenergy Research (CNPAE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Thiago Jonas Nakayama
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Agroenergy Research (CNPAE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Raphael Augusto das Chagas Noqueli Casari
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Agroenergy Research (CNPAE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Thais Ribeiro Santiago
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Agroenergy Research (CNPAE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Felipe Vinecky
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Agroenergy Research (CNPAE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Letícia Jungmann Cançado
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Agroenergy Research (CNPAE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Carlos Antônio Ferreira de Sousa
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Agroenergy Research (CNPAE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Patricia Abrão de Oliveira
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Agroenergy Research (CNPAE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | | | - Geraldo Magela de Almeida Cançado
- The Joint Research Unit for Genomics Applied to Climate Change (UMIP GenClima), National Center for Agricultural Informatics (CNPTIA), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adilson Kenji Kobayashi
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Agroenergy Research (CNPAE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Hugo Bruno Correa Molinari
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Center for Agroenergy Research (CNPAE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
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Thorat AS, Sonone NA, Choudhari VV, Devarumath RM, Babu KH. Plant regeneration from cell suspension culture in Saccharum officinarum L. and ascertaining of genetic fidelity through RAPD and ISSR markers. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:16. [PMID: 28391480 PMCID: PMC5385170 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to produce sugarcane plantlets from cell suspension culture and study its genetic fidelity using molecular markers. The study was carried out using sugarcane varieties Co 86032 and Q117. Callus cultures of both the varieties were optimized using six different callus induction media. After screening the growth response of callus on six different callus induction media, it was observed that medium no. VI supplemented with 500 mg l−1 of each PVP, Casein hydrolysate and MES buffer showed high amounts of callus in Co 86032 (79.66 ± 0.44%) and Q117 (82.83 ± 1.69%). Addition of PEG 8000 at 2.5% to this medium had a profound impact on inducing somatic embryogenesis in Co 86032 (54.66 ± 1.76%) and Q117 (66.66 ± 2.60%) as compare to control (24.33 ± 1.76%) and (27.33 ± 2.73%), respectively. Cell suspension cultures were established by culturing embryogenic calli in liquid medium showed well established suspension cultures with fever cell aggregates. There was negligible cell division during initial 2 days of incubation and cell count increased rapidly between 2 and 8 days. Further incubation beyond 8 days resulted in a decrease in cell viability. Enhanced callus proliferation in Q117 while enhanced shoot regeneration in Co 86032 was observed from cell suspension culture. The clonal fidelity of in vitro regenerated plants was assessed by using RAPD and ISSR markers. Analysis of the ten RAPD markers indicated that 90.48 and 86.95% true-to-type regenerated plantlets in Co 86032 and Q117, respectively. However, in the ISSR markers, Co 86032 did not show any polymorphism and in the Q117, 92.18% true-to-type plantlets were found. These results confirmed that somaclonal variation occurs during the process of indirect organogenesis and RAPD and ISSR marker based molecular analysis is a suitable method for an early detection of variation in sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash S Thorat
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Section, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Manjari (Bk), Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nishant A Sonone
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Section, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Manjari (Bk), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vrushali V Choudhari
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Section, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Manjari (Bk), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rachayya M Devarumath
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Section, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Manjari (Bk), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - K Harinath Babu
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Section, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Manjari (Bk), Pune, Maharashtra, India.
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Hoang NV, Furtado A, Botha FC, Simmons BA, Henry RJ. Potential for Genetic Improvement of Sugarcane as a Source of Biomass for Biofuels. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2015; 3:182. [PMID: 26636072 PMCID: PMC4646955 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2015.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) has great potential as a major feedstock for biofuel production worldwide. It is considered among the best options for producing biofuels today due to an exceptional biomass production capacity, high carbohydrate (sugar + fiber) content, and a favorable energy input/output ratio. To maximize the conversion of sugarcane biomass into biofuels, it is imperative to generate improved sugarcane varieties with better biomass degradability. However, unlike many diploid plants, where genetic tools are well developed, biotechnological improvement is hindered in sugarcane by our current limited understanding of the large and complex genome. Therefore, understanding the genetics of the key biofuel traits in sugarcane and optimization of sugarcane biomass composition will advance efficient conversion of sugarcane biomass into fermentable sugars for biofuel production. The large existing phenotypic variation in Saccharum germplasm and the availability of the current genomics technologies will allow biofuel traits to be characterized, the genetic basis of critical differences in biomass composition to be determined, and targets for improvement of sugarcane for biofuels to be established. Emerging options for genetic improvement of sugarcane for the use as a bioenergy crop are reviewed. This will better define the targets for potential genetic manipulation of sugarcane biomass composition for biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam V. Hoang
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Agnelo Furtado
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Frederik C. Botha
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Sugar Research Australia, Indooroopilly, QLD, Australia
| | - Blake A. Simmons
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA
| | - Robert J. Henry
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
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Chou TC, Moyle RL. Synthetic versions of firefly luciferase and Renilla luciferase reporter genes that resist transgene silencing in sugarcane. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:92. [PMID: 24708613 PMCID: PMC4021088 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-14-92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Down-regulation or silencing of transgene expression can be a major hurdle to both molecular studies and biotechnology applications in many plant species. Sugarcane is particularly effective at silencing introduced transgenes, including reporter genes such as the firefly luciferase gene.Synthesizing transgene coding sequences optimized for usage in the host plant is one method of enhancing transgene expression and stability. Using specified design rules we have synthesised new coding sequences for both the firefly luciferase and Renilla luciferase reporter genes. We have tested these optimized versions for enhanced levels of luciferase activity and for increased steady state luciferase mRNA levels in sugarcane. RESULTS The synthetic firefly luciferase (luc*) and Renilla luciferase (Renluc*) coding sequences have elevated G + C contents in line with sugarcane codon usage, but maintain 75% identity to the native firefly or Renilla luciferase nucleotide sequences and 100% identity to the protein coding sequences.Under the control of the maize pUbi promoter, the synthetic luc* and Renluc* genes yielded 60x and 15x higher luciferase activity respectively, over the native firefly and Renilla luciferase genes in transient assays on sugarcane suspension cell cultures.Using a novel transient assay in sugarcane suspension cells combining co-bombardment and qRT-PCR, we showed that synthetic luc* and Renluc* genes generate increased transcript levels compared to the native firefly and Renilla luciferase genes.In stable transgenic lines, the luc* transgene generated significantly higher levels of expression than the native firefly luciferase transgene. The fold difference in expression was highest in the youngest tissues. CONCLUSIONS We developed synthetic versions of both the firefly and Renilla luciferase reporter genes that resist transgene silencing in sugarcane. These transgenes will be particularly useful for evaluating the expression patterns conferred by existing and newly isolated promoters in sugarcane tissues. The strategies used to design the synthetic luciferase transgenes could be applied to other transgenes that are aggressively silenced in sugarcane.
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MESH Headings
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
- Gene Silencing
- Genes, Plant
- Genes, Reporter
- Luciferases, Firefly/genetics
- Luciferases, Renilla/genetics
- Luminescent Measurements
- Open Reading Frames/genetics
- Plant Cells/metabolism
- Plant Stems/metabolism
- Plants, Genetically Modified
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Saccharum/genetics
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Suspensions
- Synthetic Biology
- Transformation, Genetic
- Transgenes/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Chun Chou
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Richard L Moyle
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
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10
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The effects of growth regulators and a scanning electron microscope study of somatic embryogenesis in Antartic hair grass (Deschampsia antarctica Desv.). Polar Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-013-1425-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Moyle RL, Birch RG. Sugarcane Loading Stem Gene promoters drive transgene expression preferentially in the stem. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 82:51-8. [PMID: 23479084 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-013-0034-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Promoter regions of six sugarcane Loading Stem Gene (ScLSG) alleles were analyzed using bioinformatic and transgenic approaches. Stable transgene expression analyses, on multiple independent lines per construct, revealed differences between ScLSG promoters in absolute levels and in tissue-selectivity of luciferase reporter activity. Four promoters drove peak expression in the sucrose-loading zone and maintained substantial expression throughout mature stems. One drove a pattern of gradual increase along the stem maturation profile. In general, stem: root expression ratio increased with plant age. The ScLSG5 promoter had the fewest light-enhanced and root-expression motifs in bioinformatic analysis, and drove the highest level and specificity of transgene expression in stems. This indicates the potential to further improve the stem specificity of ScLSG promoter sequences by eliminating enhancers of expression in other tissues. An intron in the 5'UTR was important for expression strength. The ScLSG promoters will be useful for research and biotechnology in sugarcane, where the tailored expression of transgenes in stems is important for enhanced accumulation of sugar or value-added products, and for development as a bioenergy feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Moyle
- Hines Plant Science Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
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12
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Jackson MA, Anderson DJ, Birch RG. Comparison of Agrobacterium and particle bombardment using whole plasmid or minimal cassette for production of high-expressing, low-copy transgenic plants. Transgenic Res 2012; 22:143-51. [PMID: 22869288 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-012-9639-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Transgene integration complexity in the recipient genome can be an important determinant of transgene expression and field performance in transgenic crops. We provide the first direct comparison of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (AMT) and particle bombardment using whole plasmid (WP) and excised minimal cassettes (MC), for transformation efficiency, transgene integration complexity and transgene expression in plants. To enable direct comparison, a selectable marker and a luciferase reporter gene were linked in identical configurations in plasmids suitable for AMT or direct gene transfer into sugarcane. Transformation efficiencies were similar between WP and MC when equal molar DNA quantities were delivered. When the MC concentration was reduced from 66 to 6.6 ng per shot, transformation efficiency dropped fourfold, to a level equivalent with AMT in amenable genotype Q117. The highest proportion of transformants combining low copy number (estimated below two integrated copies by qPCR) with expression of the non-selected reporter gene was obtained using AMT (55 %) or MC at low DNA concentration (30 %). In sugarcane, both of these methods yielded high-expressing, single-copy transgenic plant lines at a workable efficiency for practical plant improvement; but AMT is currently limited to a few amenable genotypes. These methods are best coupled with rapid early screens for desired molecular characteristics of transformants, e.g. PCR screens for low copy number and/or transcription of the gene of practical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Jackson
- The University of Queensland, Hines Plant Science Building, Mansfield Place, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
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13
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Basnayake SWV, Morgan TC, Wu L, Birch RG. Field performance of transgenic sugarcane expressing isomaltulose synthase. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2012; 10:217-25. [PMID: 21895946 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2011.00655.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic sugarcane plants expressing a vacuole-targeted isomaltulose (IM) synthase in seven recipient genotypes (elite cultivars) were evaluated over 3 years at a field site typical of commercial cane growing conditions in the Burdekin district of Australia. IM concentration typically increased with internode maturity and comprised up to 217 mm (33% of total sugars) in whole-cane juice. There was generally a comparable decrease in sucrose concentration, with no overall decrease in total sugars. Sugarcane is vegetatively propagated from stem cuttings known as setts. Culture-derived plants were slower to establish and generally gave shorter and thinner stalks at harvest than those grown from field-sourced setts in the initial field generations. However, after several cycles of field propagation, selections were obtained with cane yields similar to the recipient genotypes. There was no apparent adverse effect of IM accumulation on vigour assessed by stalk height and diameter or other visual indicators including germination of setts and establishment of stools. There was some inconsistency in IM levels in juice, between samplings of the vegetatively propagated transgenic lines. Until the causes are resolved, it is prudent to selectively propagate from stalks with higher IM levels in the initial vegetative field generations. Pol/Brix ratio allowed rapid identification of lines with high IM levels, using common sugar industry instruments. Sucrose isomerase activity was low in these transgenic lines, and the results indicate strong potential to develop sugarcane for commercial-scale production of IM if higher activity can be engineered in appropriate developmental patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiromani W V Basnayake
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Sucrogen Technical Field Department, Kalamia Mill, Ayr, Queensland, Australia
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Zamir R, Khalil SA, Shah ST, Khan MS, Ahmad K, Shahenshah, Ahmad N. Efficient In VitroRegeneration of Sugarcane ( Saccharum OfficinarumL.) from Bud Explants. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2012. [DOI: 10.5504/bbeq.2012.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Arruda P. Genetically modified sugarcane for bioenergy generation. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2011; 23:315-22. [PMID: 22093808 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sugarcane breeding has significantly progressed over the past 30 years, but attempts to further increase crop yield have been limited due to the complexity of the sugarcane genome. An alternative to boost the crop yield is the introduction of genes encoding desirable traits in the elite sugarcane cultivars. Genetically modified sugarcane with increased yield and pest and disease resistance has already proven its value not only by the increased sugar content but also for the improvement of the crop performance. However, transgene stability is still a challenge since transgene silencing seems to occur in a large proportion of genetically modified sugarcane plants. In addition, regulatory issues associated with the crop propagation model will also be a challenge to the commercial approval of genetically modified sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Arruda
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Hahne G, Horn M, Reski R. Plant biotechnology in support of the Millennium Goals. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2011; 30:245-7. [PMID: 21279643 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-010-0990-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
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