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Mishra AK, Kocábek T, Nath VS, Khan A, Matoušek J, Hazzouri KM, Sudalaimuthuasari N, Krofta K, Ludwig-Müller J, Amiri KMA. The multifaceted roles of R2R3 transcription factor HlMYB7 in the regulation of flavonoid and bitter acids biosynthesis, development and biotic stress tolerance in hop (Humulus lupulus L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 197:107636. [PMID: 36958151 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hop (Humulus lupulus) biosynthesizes the highly economically valuable secondary metabolites, which include flavonoids, bitter acids, polyphenols and essential oils. These compounds have important pharmacological properties and are widely implicated in the brewing industry owing to bittering flavor, floral aroma and preservative activity. Our previous studies documented that ternary MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) and binary WRKY1-WD40 (WW) protein complexes transcriptionally regulate the accumulation of bitter acid (BA) and prenylflavonoids (PF). In the present study, we investigated the regulatory functions of the R2R3-MYB repressor HlMYB7 transcription factor, which contains a conserved N-terminal domain along with the repressive motif EAR, in regulating the PF- and BA-biosynthetic pathway and their accumulation in hop. Constitutive expression of HlMYB7 resulted in transcriptional repression of structural genes involved in the terminal steps of biosynthesis of PF and BA, as well as stunted growth, delayed flowering, and reduced tolerance to viroid infection in hop. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid and transient reporter assays revealed that HlMYB7 targets both PF and BA pathway genes and suppresses MBW and WW protein complexes. Heterologous expression of HlMYB7 leads to down-regulation of structural genes of flavonoid pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana, including a decrease in anthocyanin content in Nicotiana tabacum. The combined results from functional and transcriptomic analyses highlight the important role of HlMYB7 in fine-tuning and balancing the accumulation of secondary metabolites at the transcriptional level, thus offer a plausible target for metabolic engineering in hop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Mishra
- Khalifa Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tomáš Kocábek
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Vishnu Sukumari Nath
- Khalifa Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahamed Khan
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Matoušek
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Khaled M Hazzouri
- Khalifa Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naganeeswaran Sudalaimuthuasari
- Khalifa Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Karel Krofta
- Hop Research Institute, Co. Ltd, Kadaňská 2525, 438 46, Žatec, Czech Republic
| | | | - Khaled M A Amiri
- Khalifa Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates.
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Zhang X, Zhang L, Zhang D, Su D, Li W, Wang X, Chen Q, Cai W, Xu L, Cao F, Zhang D, Yu X, Li Y. Comprehensive analysis of metabolome and transcriptome reveals the mechanism of color formation in different leave of Loropetalum Chinense var. Rubrum. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:133. [PMID: 36882694 PMCID: PMC9993627 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04143-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum (L. chinense var. rubrum) is a precious, coloured-leaf native ornamental plant in the Hunan Province. We found an L. chinense var. rubrum tree with three different leaf colours: GL (green leaf), ML (mosaic leaf), and PL (purple leaf). The mechanism of leaf coloration in this plant is still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the metabolites and genes involved in determining the colour composition of L. chinense var. rubrum leaves, using phenotypic/anatomic observations, pigment content detection, and comparative metabolomics and transcriptomics. RESULTS We observed that the mesophyll cells in PL were purple, while those in GL were green and those in ML were a mix of purple-green. The contents of chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids, and total chlorophyll in PL and ML were significantly lower than those in GL. While the anthocyanin content in PL and ML was significantly higher than that in GL. The metabolomics results showed the differences in the content of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, cyanidin 3,5-O-diglucoside, pelargonidin, and petunidin 3,5-diglucoside in ML, GL, and PL were significant. Considering that the change trend of anthocyanin content change was consistent with the leaf colour difference, we speculated that these compounds might influence the colour of L. chinense var. rubrum leaves. Using transcriptomics, we finally identified nine differentially expressed structural genes (one ANR (ANR1217); four CYP75As (CYP75A1815, CYP75A2846, CYP75A2909, and CYP75A1716); four UFGTs (UFGT1876, UFGT1649, UFGT1839, and UFGT3273) and nine transcription factors (two MYBs (MYB1057 and MYB1211), one MADS-box (MADS1235), two AP2-likes (AP2-like1779 and AP2-like2234), one bZIP (bZIP3720), two WD40s (WD2173 and WD1867) and one bHLH (bHLH1631) that might be related to flavonoid biosynthesis and then impacted the appearance of colour in L. chinense var. rubrum leaves. CONCLUSION This study revealed potential molecular mechanisms associated with leaf coloration in L. chinense var. rubrum by analyzing differential metabolites and genes related to the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. It also provided a reference for research on leaf colour variation in other ornamental plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing, China
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, 410128, Changsha, China
- Hunan Mid-subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- Hunan Horticulture Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 410125, Changsha, China
| | - Damao Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, 410128, Changsha, China
- Hunan Mid-subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Dingding Su
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, 262041, Weifang, China
| | - Weidong Li
- Hunan Horticulture Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 410125, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Comprehensive Utilization, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangfei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, 410128, Changsha, China
- Hunan Mid-subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Qianru Chen
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, 410128, Changsha, China
- Hunan Mid-subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Wenqi Cai
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, 410128, Changsha, China
- Hunan Mid-subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Xu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, 410128, Changsha, China
- Hunan Mid-subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Fuxiang Cao
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, 410128, Changsha, China
- Hunan Mid-subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, 410128, Changsha, China
| | - Dongling Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, 30602, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - Xiaoying Yu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, 410128, Changsha, China.
- Hunan Mid-subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, 410128, Changsha, China.
| | - Yanlin Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing, China.
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, 410128, Changsha, China.
- Hunan Mid-subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, 410128, Changsha, China.
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Pratyusha DS, Sarada DVL. MYB transcription factors-master regulators of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and diverse developmental and stress responses. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:2245-2260. [PMID: 36171500 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02927-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phenylpropanoids, the largest class of natural products including flavonoids, anthocyanins, monolignols and tannins perform multiple functions ranging from photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, regulating growth, cell division, maintenance of redox homeostasis and biotic and abiotic stress responses. Being sedentary life forms, plants possess several regulatory modules that increase their performance in varying environments by facilitating activation of several signaling cascades upon perception of developmental and stress signals. Of the various regulatory modules, those involving MYB transcription factors are one of the extensive groups involved in regulating the phenylpropanoid metabolic enzymes in addition to other genes. R2R3 MYB transcription factors are a class of plant-specific transcription factors that regulate the expression of structural genes involved in anthocyanin, flavonoid and monolignol biosynthesis which are indispensable to several developmental pathways and stress responses. The aim of this review is to present the regulation of the phenylpropanoid pathway by MYB transcription factors via Phospholipase D/phosphatidic acid signaling, downstream activation of the structural genes, leading to developmental and/or stress responses. Specific MYB transcription factors inducing or repressing specific structural genes of anthocyanin, flavonoid and lignin biosynthetic pathways are discussed. Further the roles of MYB in activating biotic and abiotic stress responses are delineated. While several articles have reported the role of MYB's in stress responses, they are restricted to two or three specific MYB factors. This review is a consolidation of the diverse roles of different MYB transcription factors involved both in induction and repression of anthocyanin, flavonoid, and lignin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durvasula Sumana Pratyusha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India
| | - Dronamraju V L Sarada
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India.
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Liu M, Li K, Sheng S, Wang M, Hua P, Wang Y, Chen P, Wang K, Zhao M, Wang Y, Zhang M. Transcriptome analysis of MYB transcription factors family and PgMYB genes involved in salt stress resistance in Panax ginseng. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:479. [PMID: 36209052 PMCID: PMC9547452 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03871-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the king of all herbs, the medicinal value of ginseng is self-evident. The perennial nature of ginseng causes its quality to be influenced by various factors, one of which is the soil environment. During plant growth and development, MYB transcription factors play an important role in responding to abiotic stresses and regulating the synthesis of secondary metabolites. However, there are relatively few reports on the MYB transcription factor family in Panax ginseng. RESULTS This study identified 420 PgMYB transcripts under 117 genes ID in the Jilin ginseng transcriptome database. Phylogenetic analysis showed that PgMYB transcripts in Jilin ginseng were classified into 19 functional subclasses. The GO annotation result indicated that the functional differentiation of PgMYB transcripts was annotated to 11 functional nodes at GO Level 2 in ginseng. Expression pattern analysis of PgMYB transcripts based on the expression data (TPM) that PgMYB transcripts were revealed spatiotemporally specific in expression patterns. We performed a weighted network co-expression network analysis on the expression of PgMYB transcripts from different samples. The co-expression network containing 51 PgMYB transcripts was formed under a soft threshold of 0.85, revealing the reciprocal relationship of PgMYB in ginseng. Treatment of adventitious roots of ginseng with different concentrations of NaCl revealed four up-regulated expression of PgMYB transcripts that can candidate genes for salt resistance studies in ginseng. CONCLUSIONS The present findings provide data resources for the subsequent study of the functions of MYB transcription factor family members in ginseng, and provide an experimental basis for the anti-salt functions of MYB transcription factors in Panax ginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Liu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Ke Li
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Shichao Sheng
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Panpan Hua
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Laboratory for Cultivation and Breeding of Medicinal Plants of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Ping Chen
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Kangyu Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Mingzhu Zhao
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Meiping Zhang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
- Jilin Engineering Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
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Zheng H, Jin R, Liu Z, Sun C, Shi Y, Grierson D, Zhu C, Li S, Ferguson I, Chen K. Role of the tomato fruit ripening regulator MADS-RIN in resistance to Botrytis cinerea infection. FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/fqsafe/fyab028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Tomato MADS-RIN (RIN) transcription factor has been shown to be a master activator regulating fruit ripening. Recent studies have revealed that in addition to activating many other cell wall genes, it also represses expression of XTH5, XTH8, and MAN4a, which are positively related to excess flesh softening and cell wall degradation, which might indicate it has a potential role in pathogen resistance of ripening fruit. In this study, both wild-type (WT) and RIN-knockout (RIN-KO) mutant tomato fruit were infected with Botrytis cinerea to investigate the function of RIN in defense against pathogen infection during ripening. The results showed that RIN-KO fruit were much more sensitive to B. cinerea infection with larger lesion sizes. Transcriptome data and qRT-PCR assay indicate genes of phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) and chitinase (CHI) in RIN-KO fruit were reduced and their corresponding enzyme activities were decreased. Transcripts of genes encoding pathogenesis-related proteins (PRs), including PR1a, PRSTH2, and APETALA2/Ethylene Response Factor (AP2/ERF) including ERF.A1, Pti5, Pti6, ERF.A4, were reduced in RIN-KO fruit compared to WT fruit. Moreover, in the absence of RIN the expression of genes encoding cell wall-modifying enzymes XTH5, XTH8, MAN4a has been reported to be elevated, which is potentially correlated with cell wall properties. When present, RIN represses transcription of XTH5 by activating ERF.F4, a class II (repressor class) ERF gene family member, and ERF.F5. These results support the conclusion that RIN enhances ripening-related resistance to gray mold infection by upregulating pathogen-resistance genes and defense enzyme activities as well as reducing accumulation of transcripts encoding some cell wall enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Donald Grierson
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou,China
- Plant and Crop Sciences Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough,UK
| | | | | | - Ian Ferguson
- Zhejiang University (Visiting Scientist), Hangzhou, China
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Yang J, Zhang S, Li H, Wang L, Liu Y, Niu L, Yang Q, Meng D, Fu Y. Genome-wide analysis and characterization of R2R3-MYB family in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) and their functional identification in phenylpropanoids biosynthesis. PLANTA 2021; 254:64. [PMID: 34487243 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03713-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thirty CcMYB were identified to involve in flavonoid and lignin biosynthesis in pigeon pea genome. A comprehensive analysis of gene structure, phylogenetic relationships, distribution on chromosomes, gene duplication, and expression patterns was performed. MYB transcription factor is one of the largest gene families in plants and plays critical roles in plant growth and development, as well as resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. However, the function of MYB genes in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) remains largely unknown. Here, 30 R2R3-MYB which involved flavonoid and lignin biosynthesis were identified in the pigeon pea genome and were classified into five groups based on phylogenetic analysis. Simultaneously, another 122 key enzyme genes from biosynthetic pathways of flavonoid and lignin were identified and all of them were mapped on 11 chromosomes with the co-linearity relationship. Among these genes, the intron/exon organization and motif compositions were conserved and they have undergone a strong purifying selection and tandem duplications during evolution. Expression profile analysis demonstrated most of these genes were expressed in different tissues and responded significantly to MeJA, RNA-seq analysis revealed clear details of genes varied with time of induction. Ten key genes from the phenylpropanoid pathway were selected to further verify whether they responded to induction under different abiotic stress conditions (UV-B, cold, heat, salt, drought, and GA3). This study elaborates on potential regulatory relationships between R2R3-MYB genes and some key genes involved in flavonoid and lignin biosynthesis under MeJA treatment, as well as adding to the understanding of improving abiotic stress tolerance and regulating the secondary metabolism in woody crops. A simplified discussion model for the different regulation networks involved with flavonoid and lignin biosynthesis in pigeon pea is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Su Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongquan Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Litao Wang
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Lili Niu
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dong Meng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yujie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Sun Y, Ren S, Ye S, Tian Q, Luo K. Identification and Functional Characterization of PtoMYB055 Involved in the Regulation of the Lignin Biosynthesis Pathway in Populus tomentosa. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144857. [PMID: 32659969 PMCID: PMC7402297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Wood, which is mainly composed of lignified secondary cell wall, is the most abundant biomass in woody plants. Previous studies have revealed that R2R3-type MYB transcription factors are important regulators of the formation of the secondary cell wall in vascular plants. In this study, we isolated the R2R3-type MYB transcription factor gene PtoMYB055, which is mainly expressed in xylem and phloem tissue, from Populus tomentosa and demonstrate that PtoMYB055 is a key regulator of lignin biosynthesis. PtoMYB055 as a transcriptional activator is localized to the nucleus. Overexpression of PtoMYB055 upregulates expression of lignin biosynthetic genes in transgenic poplar plants, resulting in ectopic deposition of lignin in phloem tissue and an increase in thickness of the secondary cell wall. In sum, PtoMYB055 is a transcriptional activator that is involved in regulating lignin biosynthesis during the formation of the secondary cell wall in poplar.
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Yadav V, Wang Z, Wei C, Amo A, Ahmed B, Yang X, Zhang X. Phenylpropanoid Pathway Engineering: An Emerging Approach towards Plant Defense. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9040312. [PMID: 32340374 PMCID: PMC7238016 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9040312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogens hitting the plant cell wall is the first impetus that triggers the phenylpropanoid pathway for plant defense. The phenylpropanoid pathway bifurcates into the production of an enormous array of compounds based on the few intermediates of the shikimate pathway in response to cell wall breaches by pathogens. The whole metabolomic pathway is a complex network regulated by multiple gene families and it exhibits refined regulatory mechanisms at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. The pathway genes are involved in the production of anti-microbial compounds as well as signaling molecules. The engineering in the metabolic pathway has led to a new plant defense system of which various mechanisms have been proposed including salicylic acid and antimicrobial mediated compounds. In recent years, some key players like phenylalanine ammonia lyases (PALs) from the phenylpropanoid pathway are proposed to have broad spectrum disease resistance (BSR) without yield penalties. Now we have more evidence than ever, yet little understanding about the pathway-based genes that orchestrate rapid, coordinated induction of phenylpropanoid defenses in response to microbial attack. It is not astonishing that mutants of pathway regulator genes can show conflicting results. Therefore, precise engineering of the pathway is an interesting strategy to aim at profitably tailored plants. Here, this review portrays the current progress and challenges for phenylpropanoid pathway-based resistance from the current prospective to provide a deeper understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Yadav
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (V.Y.); (Z.W.); (C.W.); (B.A.); (X.Y.)
| | - Zhongyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (V.Y.); (Z.W.); (C.W.); (B.A.); (X.Y.)
| | - Chunhua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (V.Y.); (Z.W.); (C.W.); (B.A.); (X.Y.)
| | - Aduragbemi Amo
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China;
| | - Bilal Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (V.Y.); (Z.W.); (C.W.); (B.A.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xiaozhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (V.Y.); (Z.W.); (C.W.); (B.A.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (V.Y.); (Z.W.); (C.W.); (B.A.); (X.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-029-8708-2613
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Zhu L, Guan Y, Zhang Z, Song A, Chen S, Jiang J, Chen F. CmMYB8 encodes an R2R3 MYB transcription factor which represses lignin and flavonoid synthesis in chrysanthemum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 149:217-224. [PMID: 32078899 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
R2R3-MYB transcription factors are important regulators of the growth and development of plants. Here, CmMYB8 a chrysanthemum gene encoding an R2R3-MYB transcription factor, was isolated and functionally characterized. The gene was transcribed throughout the plant, but most strongly in the stem. When CmMYB8 was over-expressed, a number of genes encoding components of lignin synthesis were down-regulated, and the plants' lignin content was reduced. The composition of the lignin in the transgenic plants was also altered, and its S/G ratio was reduced. A further consequence of the over-expression of CmMYB8 was to lessen the transcript abundance of key genes involved in flavonoid synthesis, resulting in a reduced accumulation of flavonoids. The indication is that the CmMYB8 protein participates in the negative regulation of both lignin and flavonoid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yunxiao Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhaohe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Aiping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Sumei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Fadi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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10
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Cao Y, Li K, Li Y, Zhao X, Wang L. MYB Transcription Factors as Regulators of Secondary Metabolism in Plants. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9030061. [PMID: 32213912 PMCID: PMC7150910 DOI: 10.3390/biology9030061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
MYB transcription factors (TFs), as one of the largest gene families in plants, play important roles in multiple biological processes, such as plant growth and development, cell morphology and pattern building, physiological activity metabolism, primary and secondary metabolic reactions, and responses to environmental stresses. The function of MYB TFs in crops has been widely studied, but few studies have been done on medicinal plants. In this review, we summarized the MYB TFs that play important roles in secondary metabolism and emphasized the possible mechanisms underlying how MYB TFs are regulated at the protein, posttranscriptional, and transcriptional levels, as well as how they regulate the downstream target gene networks related to secondary metabolism in plants, especially in medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
- Key Lab of Non-wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Kui Li
- Science and Technology Promotion Center, Huaihua Forestry Research Institute, Huaihua 418000, China;
| | - Yanli Li
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.C.); (Y.L.)
- Key Lab of Non-wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xiaopei Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
| | - Lihu Wang
- College of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
- Correspondence:
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Miyamoto T, Takada R, Tobimatsu Y, Takeda Y, Suzuki S, Yamamura M, Osakabe K, Osakabe Y, Sakamoto M, Umezawa T. OsMYB108 loss-of-function enriches p-coumaroylated and tricin lignin units in rice cell walls. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 98:975-987. [PMID: 30773774 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Breeding approaches to enrich lignins in biomass could be beneficial to improving the biorefinery process because lignins increase biomass heating value and represent a potent source of valuable aromatic chemicals. However, despite the fact that grasses are promising lignocellulose feedstocks, limited information is yet available for molecular-breeding approaches to upregulate lignin biosynthesis in grass species. In this study, we generated lignin-enriched transgenic rice (Oryza sativa), a model grass species, via targeted mutagenesis of the transcriptional repressor OsMYB108 using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. The OsMYB108-knockout rice mutants displayed increased expressions of lignin biosynthetic genes and enhanced lignin deposition in culm cell walls. Chemical and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses revealed that the mutant cell walls were preferentially enriched in γ-p-coumaroylated and tricin lignin units, both of which are typical and unique components in grass lignins. NMR analysis also showed that the relative abundances of major lignin linkage types were altered in the OsMYB108 mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Miyamoto
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Rie Takada
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yuki Tobimatsu
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yuri Takeda
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shiro Suzuki
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masaomi Yamamura
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Keishi Osakabe
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yuriko Osakabe
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Umezawa
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
- Research Unit for Development of Global Sustainability, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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12
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Ma D, Constabel CP. MYB Repressors as Regulators of Phenylpropanoid Metabolism in Plants. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 24:275-289. [PMID: 30704824 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The phenylpropanoid pathway gives rise to lignin, flavonoids, and other metabolites and is regulated by MYB transcription factors. Many R2R3-MYB transcriptional activators are known, but the prevalence of MYB repressors has only recently become recognized. This review article summarizes recent progress on function and mechanism of these MYB repressors. The characterized phenylpropanoid R2R3-MYB repressors comprise two phylogenetic clades that act on the lignin and general phenylpropanoid genes, or the flavonoid genes, respectively; anthocyanin R3-MYB repressors form a separate clade. While some flavonoid MYBs repressors can bind basic-helix-loop-helix factors and disrupt the MBW complex, for the lignin repressor MYBs interactions with promoter cis-elements have been demonstrated. The role of the conserved repression motifs that define the MYB repressors is not yet known, however.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Ma
- Centre for Forest Biology and Department of Biology, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - C Peter Constabel
- Centre for Forest Biology and Department of Biology, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
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Zhang J, Xie M, Tuskan GA, Muchero W, Chen JG. Recent Advances in the Transcriptional Regulation of Secondary Cell Wall Biosynthesis in the Woody Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1535. [PMID: 30405670 PMCID: PMC6206300 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant cell walls provide structural support for growth and serve as a barrier for pathogen attack. Plant cell walls are also a source of renewable biomass for conversion to biofuels and bioproducts. Understanding plant cell wall biosynthesis and its regulation is of critical importance for the genetic modification of plant feedstocks for cost-effective biofuels and bioproducts conversion and production. Great progress has been made in identifying enzymes involved in plant cell wall biosynthesis, and in Arabidopsis it is generally recognized that the regulation of genes encoding these enzymes is under a transcriptional regulatory network with coherent feedforward and feedback loops. However, less is known about the transcriptional regulation of plant secondary cell wall (SCW) biosynthesis in woody species despite of its high relevance to biofuels and bioproducts conversion and production. In this article, we synthesize recent progress on the transcriptional regulation of SCW biosynthesis in Arabidopsis and contrast to what is known in woody species. Furthermore, we evaluate progress in related emerging regulatory machineries targeting transcription factors in this complex regulatory network of SCW biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Meng Xie
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Gerald A. Tuskan
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Wellington Muchero
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Wellington Muchero, Jin-Gui Chen,
| | - Jin-Gui Chen
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Wellington Muchero, Jin-Gui Chen,
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14
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Tak H, Negi S, Ganapathi TR. Overexpression of MusaMYB31, a R2R3 type MYB transcription factor gene indicate its role as a negative regulator of lignin biosynthesis in banana. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172695. [PMID: 28234982 PMCID: PMC5325293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin and polyphenols are important cellular components biosynthesized through phenylpropanoid pathway. Phenylpropanoid pathway in plants is regulated by some important transcription factors including R2R3 MYB transcription factors. In this study, we report the cloning and functional characterization of a banana R2R3-MYB transcription factor (MusaMYB31) by overexpression in transgenic banana plants and evaluated its potential role in regulating biosynthesis of lignin and polyphenols. Sequence analysis of MusaMYB31 indicated its clustering with members of subgroup 4 (Sg4) of R2R3MYB family which are well known for their role as repressors of lignin biosynthesis. Expression analysis indicated higher expression of MusaMYB31 in corm and root tissue, known for presence of highly lignified tissue than other organs of banana. Overexpression of MusaMYB31 in banana cultivar Rasthali was carried out and four transgenic lines were confirmed by GUS histochemical staining, PCR analysis and Southern blot. Histological and biochemical analysis suggested reduction of cell wall lignin in vascular elements of banana. Transgenic lines showed alteration in transcript levels of general phenylpropanoid pathway genes including lignin biosynthesis pathway genes. Reduction of total polyphenols content in transgenic lines was in line with the observation related to repression of general phenylpropanoid pathway genes. This study suggested the potential role of MusaMYB31 as repressor of lignin and polyphenols biosynthesis in banana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Tak
- Plant Cell Culture Technology Section, Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, India
| | - Sanjana Negi
- Plant Cell Culture Technology Section, Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, India
| | - T. R. Ganapathi
- Plant Cell Culture Technology Section, Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
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15
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Lei YX, Zhang Y, Li YY, Lai JJ, Gao G, Zhang HQ, Zhou YH, Yang RW. Cloning and molecular characterization of Myb transcription factors from Leymus (Poaceae: Trticeae). Biologia (Bratisl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2016-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Poovaiah CR, Bewg WP, Lan W, Ralph J, Coleman HD. Sugarcane transgenics expressing MYB transcription factors show improved glucose release. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:143. [PMID: 27429646 PMCID: PMC4946106 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0559-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sugarcane, a tropical C4 perennial crop, is capable of producing 30-100 tons or more of biomass per hectare annually. The lignocellulosic residue remaining after sugar extraction is currently underutilized and can provide a significant source of biomass for the production of second-generation bioethanol. RESULTS MYB31 and MYB42 were cloned from maize and expressed in sugarcane with and without the UTR sequences. The cloned sequences were 98 and 99 % identical to the published nucleotide sequences. The inclusion of the UTR sequences did not affect any of the parameters tested. There was little difference in plant height and the number of internodes of the MYB-overexpressing sugarcane plants when compared with controls. MYB transgene expression determined by qPCR exhibited continued expression in young and maturing internodes. MYB31 downregulated more genes within the lignin biosynthetic pathway than MYB42. MYB31 and MYB42 expression resulted in decreased lignin content in some lines. All MYB42 plants further analyzed showed significant increases in glucose release by enzymatic hydrolysis in 72 h, whereas only two MYB31 plants released more glucose than control plants. This correlated directly with a significant decrease in acid-insoluble lignin. Soluble sucrose content of the MYB42 transgenic plants did not vary compared to control plants. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the use of MYB transcription factors to improve the production of bioethanol from sugarcane bagasse remaining after sugar extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William P. Bewg
- />Center for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000 Australia
| | - Wu Lan
- />US Department of Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC), Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53726 USA
- />Department of Biological System Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA
| | - John Ralph
- />US Department of Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC), Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53726 USA
- />Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53726 USA
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17
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Liu J, Osbourn A, Ma P. MYB Transcription Factors as Regulators of Phenylpropanoid Metabolism in Plants. MOLECULAR PLANT 2015; 8:689-708. [PMID: 25840349 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 449] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Phenylpropanoid-derived compounds represent a diverse family of secondary metabolites that originate from phenylalanine. These compounds have roles in plant growth and development, and in defense against biotic and abiotic stress. Many of these compounds are also beneficial to human health and welfare. V-myb myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (MYB) proteins belong to a large family of transcription factors and are key regulators of the synthesis of phenylpropanoid-derived compounds. This review summarizes the current understanding of MYB proteins and their roles in the regulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Anne Osbourn
- Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Pengda Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
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18
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Xie R, Li Y, He S, Zheng Y, Yi S, Lv Q, Deng L. Genome-wide analysis of citrus R2R3MYB genes and their spatiotemporal expression under stresses and hormone treatments. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113971. [PMID: 25473954 PMCID: PMC4256393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The R2R3MYB proteins represent one of the largest families of transcription factors, which play important roles in plant growth and development. Although genome-wide analysis of this family has been conducted in many species, little is known about R2R3MYB genes in citrus, In this study, 101 R2R3MYB genes has been identified in the citrus (Citrus sinesis and Citrus clementina) genomes, which are almost equal to the number of rice. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that they could be subdivided into 21 subgroups. The evolutionary relationships and the intro-exon organizations were also analyzed, revealing strong gene conservation but also the expansions of particular functional genes during the plant evolution. Tissue-specific expression profiles showed that 95 citrus R2R3MYB genes were expressed in at least one tissue and the other 6 genes showed very low expression in all tissues tested, suggesting that citrus R2R3MYB genes play important roles in the development of all citrus organs. The transcript abundance level analysis during abiotic conditions (NaCl, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, drought and low temperature) identified a group of R2R3MYB genes that responded to one or multiple treatments, which showed a promising for improving citrus adaptation to stresses. Our results provided an essential foundation for the future selection of the citrus R2R3MYB genes for cloning and functional dissection with an aim of uncovering their roles in citrus growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangjin Xie
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongjie Li
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shaolan He
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongqiang Zheng
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shilai Yi
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Lv
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lie Deng
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Xu Q, Yin XR, Zeng JK, Ge H, Song M, Xu CJ, Li X, Ferguson IB, Chen KS. Activator- and repressor-type MYB transcription factors are involved in chilling injury induced flesh lignification in loquat via their interactions with the phenylpropanoid pathway. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:4349-59. [PMID: 24860186 PMCID: PMC4112638 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Lignin biosynthesis and its transcriptional regulatory networks have been studied in model plants and woody trees. However, lignification also occurs in some fleshy fruit and has rarely been considered in this way. Loquat ( Eriobotrya japonica ) is one such convenient tissue for exploring the transcription factors involved in regulating fruit flesh lignification. Firmness and lignin content of 'Luoyangqing' loquat were fund to increase during low-temperature storage as a typical symptom of chilling injury, while heat treatment (HT) and low-temperature conditioning (LTC) effectively alleviated them. Two novel EjMYB genes, EjMYB1 and EjMYB2, were isolated and were found to be localized in the nucleus. These genes responded differently to low temperature, with EjMYB1 induced and EjMYB2 inhibited at 0 °C. They also showed different temperature responses under HT and LTC conditions, and may be responsible for different regulation of flesh lignification at the transcriptional level. Transactivation assays indicated that EjMYB1 and EjMYB2 are a transcriptional activator and repressor, respectively. EjMYB1 activated promoters of both Arabidopsis and loquat lignin biosynthesis genes, while EjMYB2 countered the inductive effects of EjMYB1. This finding was also supported by transient overexpression in tobacco. Regulation of lignification by EjMYB1 and EjMYB2 is likely to be achieved via their competitive interaction with AC elements in the promoter region of lignin biosynthesis genes such as Ej4CL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Xue-ren Yin
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jiao-ke Zeng
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Hang Ge
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Min Song
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Chang-Jie Xu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Xian Li
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Ian B Ferguson
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, PR China New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kun-song Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
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Yan L, Xu C, Kang Y, Gu T, Wang D, Zhao S, Xia G. The heterologous expression in Arabidopsis thaliana of sorghum transcription factor SbbHLH1 downregulates lignin synthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:3021-32. [PMID: 23698629 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) genes are important regulators of development in plants. SbbHLH1, a Sorghum bicolor bHLH sequence, was isolated from a suppression subtractive hybridization library constructed using 13 independent brown midrib (bmr) mutants as the tester and wild-type sorghum as the driver. The gene was upregulated in at least five of the mutants at the five- to seven-leaf stage. Using a yeast expression system, the N-terminal portion of SbbHLH1 was shown to be required for proper transactivation. Its heterologous expression in Arabidopsis thaliana markedly reduced the plant's lignin content. It downregulated the lignin synthesis genes 4CL1, HCT, COMT, PAL1, and CCR1, and upregulated the transcription factors MYB83, MYB46, and MYB63. The hypothesis is proposed that SbbHLH1 has stronger effect on the regulation of lignin synthesis than the various MYB transcription factors, with a possible feedback mechanism acting on the MYB transcriptional regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, PR China
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