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Tuokkola J, Olkkonen E, Gunnar R, Pakarinen M, Merras-Salmio L. Vitamin and trace element status and growth in children with short bowel syndrome being weaned off parenteral nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2024. [PMID: 39648814 DOI: 10.1002/jpn3.12427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 10/18/2024] [Accepted: 10/31/2024] [Indexed: 12/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Children with short bowel syndrome (SBS) are at increased risk of micronutrient deficiencies. We aimed to study weaning off parenteral nutrition (PN) as a risk factor for vitamin and trace element deficiencies and growth deficit. METHODS Children born between 2010 and 2019, treated for SBS in Helsinki University Hospital, were followed for their nutrition, growth, and vitamin and trace element biochemical status. Information on these as well as patient characteristics and intestinal anatomy were collected from electronic patient records. RESULTS A total of 59 patients with SBS were identified. The weaning period was found to be a risk factor for micronutrient deficiencies and growth. Most frequent deficiencies were detected for vitamin K as suggested by prothrombin time (PT) (91% of patients), vitamin D (70%), and vitamin A (67%). Other deficiencies were less common with 44% for vitamin B12, 25% for selenium, 19% for copper, 24% for zinc, and 11% for vitamin E. For all the studied micronutrients, 3 months before to 1 month postweaning had the highest rate of micronutrient deficiencies, except for vitamin B12, for which the highest proportion of deficiencies presented at 1-6 months postweaning. CONCLUSIONS The weaning period from PN is a risk for micronutrient deficiencies. Regular monitoring and sufficient supplementation are essential for preventing malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jetta Tuokkola
- New Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elina Olkkonen
- New Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Gunnar
- New Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Pakarinen
- New Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Merras-Salmio
- New Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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2
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Mo I, Lapillonne A, van den Akker CHP, Khashu M, Johnson MJ, McElroy SJ, Zachariassen G. Nutritional management after necrotizing enterocolitis and focal intestinal perforation in preterm infants. Pediatr Res 2024:10.1038/s41390-024-03386-y. [PMID: 38992154 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03386-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Nutritional management of preterm infants recovering from necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or focal intestinal perforation (FIP) is challenging, especially in infants managed surgically. The logistics of how, when, and what to feed are unclear and current nutritional practices are primarily based on physiological principles and consensus opinion in individual units, rather than high-quality evidence. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the literature on nutritional management after NEC or FIP in preterm infants: when to restart enteral nutrition, type of enteral nutrition to use, and how to advance nutrition. We also discuss treatment of micronutrient deficiencies, cholestasis, replacement of stoma losses, and optimal time of stoma closure. In conclusion, there are in sufficient high-quality studies available to provide evidence-based recommendations on the best nutritional practice after NEC or FIP in preterm infants. A local or national consensus based early nutrition guideline agreed upon by a multidisciplinary team including pediatric surgeons, pediatricians/neonatologists, nurses, and nutritionists is recommended. Further studies are urgently needed. IMPACT: There is no good quality evidence or nutritional standard across neonatal units treating infants after medical or surgical NEC or FIP. With this review we hope to start providing some consistency across patients and between providers treating patients with NEC and FIP. Mother's own milk is recommended when restarting enteral nutrition after NEC or FIP. In the absence of high-quality evidence, a consensus based early nutrition guideline agreed upon by a multidisciplinary team is recommended. Nutritional research projects are urgently needed in NEC and FIP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Mo
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Alexandre Lapillonne
- Department of Neonatology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, EHU 7328 PACT, University of Paris Cite, Paris, France
- CNRC Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - C H P van den Akker
- Department of Pediatrics-Neonatology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Minesh Khashu
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust, Dorset, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J Johnson
- Department of Neonatal Medicine, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Steven J McElroy
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Gitte Zachariassen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
- Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
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Chatzidaki V, Wood R, Alegakis A, Lawson M, Fagbemi A. Parenteral support and micronutrient deficiencies in children with short bowel syndrome: A comprehensive retrospective study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 58:270-276. [PMID: 38057017 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is the leading cause of chronic intestinal failure. The duration of parenteral support (PS) and the long-term micronutrient needs in children with SBS vary, based on their clinical and anatomical characteristics. Our study aimed to review the clinical course and identify high risk patient groups for prolonged PS and long-term micronutrient supplementation. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted on electronic medical records of children with SBS and chronic intestinal failure who were enrolled in the multidisciplinary intestinal rehabilitation program at Manchester Children's Hospital, UK. Children were included in the review if they required PN for more than 60 days out of 74 consecutive days and had at least 3 years of follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0. RESULTS 40 children with SBS achieved enteral autonomy (EA) and 14 remained dependent on PS after 36 months of follow up. Necrotizing enterocolitis was the most common cause for intestinal resection (38.9%) followed by gastroschisis (22.2%), malrotation with volvulus (20.4%), segmental volvulus (9.3%) and long segment Hirschsprung disease (1.9%). Those who achieved EA had significantly longer intestinal length 27.5% (15.0-39.3) than those who remained on PS 6.0% (1.5-12.5) (p < 0.001). Type I SBS was only found in the PS cohort. Median PN dependence was 10.82 months [IQR 5.73-20.78]. Congenital diagnosis was associated with longer PN dependence (21.0 ± 20.0) than acquired (8.7 ± 7.8 months), (p = 0.02). The need for micronutrient supplementation was assessed after the transition to EA; 87.5% children had at least one micronutrient depletion, most commonly Vitamin D (64.1%), followed by iron (48.7%), Vitamin B12 (34.2%), and vitamin E (28.6%). Iron deficiency and vitamin A depletion were correlated with longer PS after multivariate analysis (OR: 1.103, 1.006-1.210, p = 0.037 and OR: 1.048, 0.998-1.102, p = 0.062 respectively). CONCLUSION In our cohort, small bowel length was the main predictor for EA. Children on longer PS, had more often a congenital cause of resection and were at risk for micronutrient deficiencies in EA.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Chatzidaki
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, UK.
| | - R Wood
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - A Alegakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, University of Crete, Greece
| | - M Lawson
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - A Fagbemi
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Itriago E, Trahan KF, Massieu LA, Garg PM, Premkumar MH. Current Practices, Challenges, and Recommendations in Enteral Nutrition After Necrotizing Enterocolitis. Clin Perinatol 2023; 50:683-698. [PMID: 37536772 DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a neonatal disease with high mortality and morbidity. There is a lack of evidence-based recommendations on nutritional rehabilitation following NEC, and much of the current practice is guided by institutional policies and expert opinions. After a diagnosis of NEC, infants are exposed to an extended period of bowel rest and a prolonged course of antibiotics. Recognizing the patient characteristics that predict nutritional tolerance, early initiation of enteral nutrition, minimizing periods of bowel rest and antibiotic exposure, and standardization of dietary practices are the mainstay of post-NEC nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Itriago
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kimberly Fernandez Trahan
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Leonor Adriana Massieu
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Parvesh M Garg
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Brenner Children's Hospital, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Muralidhar H Premkumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
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Norsa L, Goulet O, Alberti D, DeKooning B, Domellöf M, Haiden N, Hill S, Indrio F, Kӧglmeier J, Lapillonne A, Luque V, Moltu SJ, Saenz De Pipaon M, Savino F, Verduci E, Bronsky J. Nutrition and Intestinal Rehabilitation of Children With Short Bowel Syndrome: A Position Paper of the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition. Part 2: Long-Term Follow-Up on Home Parenteral Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2023; 77:298-314. [PMID: 37256821 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000003850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is the leading cause of intestinal failure (IF) in children. The preferred treatment for IF is parenteral nutrition which may be required until adulthood. The aim of this position paper is to review the available evidence on managing SBS and to provide practical guidance to clinicians dealing with this condition. All members of the Nutrition Committee of the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) contributed to this position paper. Some renowned experts in the field joined the team to guide with their expertise. A systematic literature search was performed from 2005 to May 2021 using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. In the absence of evidence, recommendations reflect the expert opinion of the authors. Literature on SBS mainly consists of retrospective single-center experience, thus most of the current papers and recommendations are based on expert opinion. All recommendations were voted on by the expert panel and reached >90% agreement. This second part of the position paper is dedicated to the long-term management of children with SBS-IF. The paper mainly focuses on how to achieve intestinal rehabilitation, treatment of complications, and on possible surgical and medical management to increase intestinal absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Norsa
- From the Department of Paediatric Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Transplantation, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Olivier Goulet
- the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology-Hepatology-Nutrition, APHP Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Daniele Alberti
- the Department of Pediatric Surgery, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
- the Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Barbara DeKooning
- From the Department of Paediatric Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Transplantation, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Magnus Domellöf
- the Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nadja Haiden
- the Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susan Hill
- the Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Flavia Indrio
- the Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Jutta Kӧglmeier
- the Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandre Lapillonne
- the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, APHP Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
- the CNRC, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Veronica Luque
- Serra Hunter, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sissel J Moltu
- the Department of Neonatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Miguel Saenz De Pipaon
- the Department of Neonatology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz - IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesco Savino
- the Dipartimento di Patologia e cura del bambino "Regina Margherita", A.U.O. Città delle Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elvira Verduci
- the Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Jiri Bronsky
- the Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
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Saati AA, Adly HM. Assessing the Correlation between Blood Trace Element Concentrations, Picky Eating Habits, and Intelligence Quotient in School-Aged Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1249. [PMID: 37508746 PMCID: PMC10378148 DOI: 10.3390/children10071249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inadequate levels of iron, zinc, and copper have been linked to growth impairment and cognitive and motor development deficits. The objective of this study is to examine the deficiencies of trace elements and their correlation with selective eating patterns and the intelligence quotient (IQ) of children. METHODS AND PATIENTS The cross-sectional analysis involved 430 children aged between 7 and 10 years. Blood samples were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to measure the trace elements levels. Children's IQs were assessed using Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices. RESULTS Among the sample group, 20.3% exhibited iron deficiency, 42.5% had zinc deficiency, and 14% had insufficient copper levels. Single trace element deficiency was observed in 56.9% of the children, while 66.7% showed coexisting deficiencies of iron and zinc. Children with lower development levels exhibited significantly lower serum zinc levels compared to those with higher development levels (76.78 ± 10.67 vs. 81.14 ± 10.19 μg/dL). The analysis reveals that picky eaters had lower serum iron levels (76.59 ± 10.42 μg/dL) and higher serum copper levels (123.74 ± 13.45 μg/dL). CONCLUSION A strong association was observed between zinc deficiency, picky eating habits, and lower developmental stages. The findings underscore the importance of monitoring nutritional status in children, given the significant implications for their cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A Saati
- Community Medicine and Pilgrims Healthcare Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba M Adly
- Community Medicine and Pilgrims Healthcare Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
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Vitamin B 12 deficiency presenting as intestinal pseudo-obstruction in short bowel syndrome: A case report. Nutrition 2023; 106:111895. [PMID: 36435090 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Bowel obstruction and nutrient deficiencies are commonly encountered complications seen during follow-up of patients with short bowel syndrome. It is rare to see vitamin B12 deficiency among micronutrient deficits. The onset of B12 deficiency can be insidious, with autonomic features preceding other symptoms. In this study, we report a case in which vitamin B12 deficiency presented with intestinal dysmotility mimicking mechanical bowel obstruction.
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Tran QA, Ngo TT, Nguyen TTN, Le ST, Ho TC, Thai TK, Tran H. The Outcomes of Treatment in Infants with Short Bowel Syndrome. JOURNAL OF CHILD SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1764341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective We reviewed 50 infant cases with short bowel syndrome (SBS) to examine the treatment outcome of SBS management in a tertiary hospital in Vietnam.
Material and Methods A case series was performed at the National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam. A total of 50 cases with SBS were reviewed. Clinical and laboratory characteristics before and after treatment were collected.
Results The most common cause of SBS was necrotizing enterocolitis. Common clinical symptoms included watery stools, dehydration, and malnutrition. After treatment, the patient's weight, albumin, and prothrombin improved markedly. There are 72% of children with good or fair treatment results. The rate of sepsis was high (18%). There was one case with complications of catheter infection and one case of liver failure. Three children died during treatment, one died from septic shock and multiple organ failure, and two died from respiratory failure.
Conclusion This study showed promising treatment outcomes in pediatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tam Thi Ngo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Thang Long University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Son Thanh Le
- Vietnam Military Medical Academic, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Chi Ho
- Vietnam Military Medical Academic, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Hung Tran
- Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Blüthner E, Pape UF, Blumenstein I, Wichmann J, Tacke F, Moosburner S. SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Prevalence in Adult Patients with Short Bowel Syndrome - A German Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2022; 46:1404-1411. [PMID: 35616296 PMCID: PMC9347527 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Not all patients suffer from a severe course of SARS-CoV-2 infection, demanding a definition of groups at risk. Short bowel syndrome (SBS) has been assumed to be a risk factor, due to the complexity of disease, the need for interdisciplinary care and frequent contact with caretakers. We aimed to establish data on the course of infection and prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in SBS patients in Germany. METHODS From January 2021 until January 2022 a total of 119 patients from three different tertiary care centers with SBS were included. All patients received an antibody test against the nucleocapsid (N) antigen and were asked to fill out a questionnaire, which included frequency of contact with medical personnel, risk behavior and worries. RESULTS 67% of SBS patients received parenteral nutrition with a median of 6 days per week. The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 7.6% (n=9). Seven patients with positive antibodies had COVID-19 with a mild course. None of the patients were hospitalized or needed further treatment. There was no difference in willingness to take risks in SARS-CoV-2 antibody positive and negative patients (p=0.61). Patients were predominantly worried about the economy (61%) and transmitting COVID-19 (52%), less frequent (26%) about receiving insufficient medical treatment. CONCLUSION These are the first clinical results concerning SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and COVID-19 disease in patients with SBS. The seropositivity is comparable to national data, which we attribute to increased risk awareness and avoidance. Further studies are warranted to investigate effects of COVID-19 infection in SBS patients. CLINICAL RELEVANCY STATEMENT Patients with short bowel syndrome are proposed to be a group at high-risk for a severe course of COVID-19. This multicenter cross-sectional study analyzes the prevalence of antibodies against the nucleocapsid (N) antigen in patients with short bowel syndrome, their risk behavior and frequency of contact with medical personnel. The overall SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in short bowel syndrome patient was comparable to national data, possibly attributed to increased risk awareness and avoidance. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Blüthner
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health.,BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Frank Tacke
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health
| | - Simon Moosburner
- BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health
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Guiducci S, Duci M, Moschino L, Meneghelli M, Fascetti Leon F, Bonadies L, Cavicchiolo ME, Verlato G. Providing the Best Parenteral Nutrition before and after Surgery for NEC: Macro and Micronutrients Intakes. Nutrients 2022; 14:919. [PMID: 35267894 PMCID: PMC8912377 DOI: 10.3390/nu14050919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the main gastrointestinal emergency of preterm infants for whom bowel rest and parenteral nutrition (PN) is essential. Despite the improvements in neonatal care, the incidence of NEC remains high (11% in preterm newborns with a birth weight <1500 g) and up to 20−50% of cases still require surgery. In this narrative review, we report how to optimize PN in severe NEC requiring surgery. PN should begin as soon as possible in the acute phase: close fluid monitoring is advocated to maintain volemia, however fluid overload and electrolytes abnormalities should be prevented. Macronutrients intake (protein, glucose, and lipids) should be adequately guaranteed and is essential in each phase of the disease. Composite lipid emulsion should be the first choice to reduce the risk of parenteral nutrition associated liver disease (PNALD). Vitamin and trace elements deficiency or overload are frequent in long-term PN, therefore careful monitoring should be planned starting from the recovery phase to adjust their parenteral intake. Neonatologists must be aware of the role of nutrition especially in patients requiring long-term PN to sustain growth, limiting possible adverse effects and long-term deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Guiducci
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.G.); (L.M.); (M.M.); (L.B.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Miriam Duci
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.D.); (F.F.L.)
| | - Laura Moschino
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.G.); (L.M.); (M.M.); (L.B.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Marta Meneghelli
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.G.); (L.M.); (M.M.); (L.B.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Francesco Fascetti Leon
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.D.); (F.F.L.)
| | - Luca Bonadies
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.G.); (L.M.); (M.M.); (L.B.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Maria Elena Cavicchiolo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.G.); (L.M.); (M.M.); (L.B.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Giovanna Verlato
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.G.); (L.M.); (M.M.); (L.B.); (M.E.C.)
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Morabito A, Ugolini S, Cianci MC, Coletta R. Current Surgical Concepts and Indications in the Management of the Short Bowel State: A Call for the Use of Multidisciplinary Intestinal Rehabilitation Programs. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8080654. [PMID: 34438545 PMCID: PMC8394303 DOI: 10.3390/children8080654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The mainstay of management for short bowel syndrome (SBS) is to promote access to the best quality of care provided by the intestinal rehabilitation program (IRP) in specialized centres. When treating SBS patients, the main goal is to minimize disease-associated complications, as well as achieve enteral autonomy. Surgical strategies should be selected cautiously upon the actual state of the bowel with respect to what it is clinically relevant for that specific patient. To this aim, a personalized and multidisciplinary approach for such a complex syndrome is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Morabito
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Meyer Children’s Hospital, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy; (S.U.); (M.C.C.); (R.C.)
- School of Heath and Society, University of Salford, Manchester M6 6PU, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Sara Ugolini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy; (S.U.); (M.C.C.); (R.C.)
| | - Maria Chiara Cianci
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy; (S.U.); (M.C.C.); (R.C.)
| | - Riccardo Coletta
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy; (S.U.); (M.C.C.); (R.C.)
- School of Heath and Society, University of Salford, Manchester M6 6PU, UK
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Chao HC, Lu JJ, Yang CY, Yeh PJ, Chu SM. Serum Trace Element Levels and Their Correlation with Picky Eating Behavior, Development, and Physical Activity in Early Childhood. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072295. [PMID: 34371805 PMCID: PMC8308333 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Trace elements are vital components for healthy growth, development, and physical activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between trace element (iron, zinc, copper) deficiencies and picky eating behavior, development level, and physical activity level. This cross-sectional study involved 203 children aged 4-7 years; picky eating behavior, development level, and physical activity level were assessed through questionnaires. Zinc deficiency has the highest prevalence (37.4%); 67.5% of the children were assessed as picky eaters. Children with picky eating behaviors, poor development level, or poor physical activity level have significantly lower zinc levels, and higher prevalence of zinc deficiency. Pearson's correlation coefficient indicated a positive correlation between serum zinc level and development scores (r = 0.221, p = 0.002) and physical activity scores (r = 0.469, p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, zinc deficiency independently related to picky eating (OR = 2.124, p = 0.037, CI = 1.042-4.312), developmental level (OR = 0.893, p = 0.022, CI = 0.810-0.984), and physical activity level (OR = 0.785, p < 0.001, CI = 0.700-0.879). In conclusion, the prevalence of zinc deficiency in children aged 4-7 was high, especially in picky eaters. Zinc deficiency was significantly associated with low development and poor physical activity in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsun-Chin Chao
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children’s Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (J.-J.L.); (C.-Y.Y.); (S.-M.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-3281200; Fax: +886-3-3288957
| | - Jang-Jih Lu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (J.-J.L.); (C.-Y.Y.); (S.-M.C.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yo Yang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (J.-J.L.); (C.-Y.Y.); (S.-M.C.)
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children’s Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Jui Yeh
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children’s Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Ming Chu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; (J.-J.L.); (C.-Y.Y.); (S.-M.C.)
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children’s Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan
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