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Yuce K. The Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Different Cardiovascular Disorders: Ways of Administration, and the Effectors. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024:10.1007/s12015-024-10765-9. [PMID: 39023739 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10765-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The heart is an organ with a low ability to renew and repair itself. MSCs have cell surface markers such as CD45-, CD34-, CD31-, CD4+, CD11a+, CD11b+, CD15+, CD18+, CD25+, CD49d+, CD50+, CD105+, CD73+, CD90+, CD9+, CD10+, CD106+, CD109+, CD127+, CD120a+, CD120b+, CD124+, CD126+, CD140a+, CD140b+, adherent properties and the ability to differentiate into cells such as adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondrocytes. Autogenic, allogeneic, normal, pretreated and genetically modified MSCs and secretomes are used in preclinical and clinical studies. MSCs and their secretomes (the total released molecules) generally have cardioprotective effects. Studies on cardiovascular diseases using MSCs and their secretomes include myocardial infraction/ischemia, fibrosis, hypertrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy and atherosclerosis. Stem cells or their secretomes used for this purpose are administered to the heart via intracoronary (Antegrade intracoronary and retrograde coronary venous injection), intramyocardial (Transendocardial and epicardial injection) and intravenous routes. The protective effects of MSCs and their secretomes on the heart are generally attributed to their differentiation into cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells, their immunomodulatory properties, paracrine effects, increasing blood vessel density, cardiac remodeling, and ejection fraction and decreasing apoptosis, the size of the wound, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, ventricular myo-mass, fibrosis, matrix metalloproteins, and oxidative stress. The present review aims to assist researchers and physicians in selecting the appropriate cell type, secretomes, and technique to increase the chance of success in designing therapeutic strategies against cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Yuce
- Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medicine Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Türkiye.
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Zhou Z, Zhang X, Wang S, Wang X, Mao J. A Powerful Tool in the Treatment of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Natural and Nanoscale Modified Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:8099-8112. [PMID: 38164265 PMCID: PMC10758182 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s443716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI) constitutes a pivotal determinant impacting the long-term prognosis of individuals afflicted by ischemic cardiomyopathy subsequent to reperfusion therapy. Stem cells have garnered extensive application within the realm of MI/RI investigation, yielding tangible outcomes. Stem cell therapy encounters certain challenges in its application owing to the complexities associated with stem cell acquisition, a diminished homing rate, and a brief in vivo lifespan. Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) originating from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to possess the benefits of abundant availability, reduced immunogenicity, and a diminished tumorigenic incidence. They can exert their effects on damaged organs, improving injuries by transporting a lot of constituents, including proteins, RNA, lipid droplets, and more. This phenomenon has garnered substantial attention in the context of MI/RI treatment. Simultaneously, MSC-derived sEV (MSC-sEV) can exhibit enhanced therapeutic advantages through bioengineering modifications, biomaterial incorporation, and natural drug interventions. Within this discourse, we shall appraise the utilization of MSC-sEV and their derivatives in the context of MI/RI treatment, aiming to offer valuable insights for future research endeavors related to MI/RI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhou
- Cardiovascular Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Cardiovascular Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Cardiovascular Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianliang Wang
- Cardiovascular Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyuan Mao
- Cardiovascular Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, People’s Republic of China
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Functions of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cardiac Repair. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1312:39-50. [PMID: 33330961 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2020_598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF) are significant contributors of mortality worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold a great potential for cardiac regenerative medicine-based therapies. Their therapeutic potential has been widely investigated in various in-vitro and in-vivo preclinical models. Besides, they have been tested in clinical trials of MI and HF with various outcomes. Differentiation to lineages of cardiac cells, neovascularization, anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and immune modulatory effects are the main drivers of MSC functions during cardiac repair. However, the main mechanisms regulating these functions and cross-talk between cells are not fully known yet. Increasing line of evidence also suggests that secretomes of MSCs and/or their extracellular vesicles play significant roles in a paracrine manner while mediating these functions. This chapter aims to summarize and highlight cardiac repair functions of MSCs during cardiac repair.
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Ni Y, Deng J, Liu X, Li Q, Zhang J, Bai H, Zhang J. Echinacoside reverses myocardial remodeling and improves heart function via regulating SIRT1/FOXO3a/MnSOD axis in HF rats induced by isoproterenol. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:203-216. [PMID: 33314649 PMCID: PMC7810933 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial remodelling is important pathological basis of HF, mitochondrial oxidative stress is a promoter to myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and apoptosis. ECH is the major active component of a traditional Chinese medicine Cistanches Herba, plenty of studies indicate it possesses a strong antioxidant capacity in nerve cells and tumour, it inhibits mitochondrial oxidative stress, protects mitochondrial function, but the specific mechanism is unclear. SIRT1/FOXO3a/MnSOD is an important antioxidant axis, study finds that ECH binds covalently to SIRT1 as a ligand and up-regulates the expression of SIRT1 in brain cells. We hypothesizes that ECH may reverse myocardial remodelling and improve heart function of HF via regulating SIRT1/FOXO3a/MnSOD signalling axis and inhibit mitochondrial oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes. Here, we firstly induce cellular model of oxidative stress by ISO with AC-16 cells and pre-treat with ECH, the level of mitochondrial ROS, mtDNA oxidative injury, MMP, carbonylated protein, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS and apoptosis are detected, confirm the effect of ECH in mitochondrial oxidative stress and function in vitro. Then, we establish a HF rat model induced by ISO and pre-treat with ECH. Indexes of heart function, myocardial remodelling, mitochondrial oxidative stress and function, expression of SIRT1/FOXO3a/MnSOD signalling axis are measured, the data indicate that ECH improves heart function, inhibits myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and apoptosis, increases the expression of SIRT1/FOXO3a/MnSOD signalling axis, reduces the mitochondrial oxidative damages, protects mitochondrial function. We conclude that ECH reverses myocardial remodelling and improves cardiac function via up-regulating SIRT1/FOXO3a/MnSOD axis and inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative stress in HF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Ni
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anshaanxiChina
| | - Jie Deng
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anshaanxiChina
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anshaanxiChina
| | - Qing Li
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anshaanxiChina
| | - Juanli Zhang
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anshaanxiChina
| | - Hongyuan Bai
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anshaanxiChina
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, NHC Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation of the First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Zhu G, Ma Y, Zuo H, Tian X. miR-16 exhibits protective function in LPS-treated cardiomyocytes by targeting DOCK2 to repress cell apoptosis and exert anti-inflammatory effect. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:1760-1768. [PMID: 32369253 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effects of microRNA (miR)-16/dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2) on myocarditis. The differences in the expression of genes in acute myocarditis were filtered out across Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Myocarditis cell model was established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in cardiomyocytes. The association between miR-16 and DOCK2 was predicted by bioinformatics software and confirmed by dual-luciferase assay. Polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were employed to assess the expression levels of miR-16 and DOCK2 under different conditions. Cells viability, apoptosis, and inflammatory reaction were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. miR-16, as an upstream regulator of DOCK2, exhibited lower expression in LPS-induced myocarditis model. More importantly, we revealed that a marked augmentation of miR-16 promoted the growth of LPS-stimulated cardiomyocytes, and attenuated cell apoptosis and inflammatory response. However, an increasing expression of DOCK2 inhibited the remission of LPS-induced myocardial injury caused by miR-16 mimic. Herein, our results highlighted that upregulation of miR-16 resulted in the protective effects on LPS-induced myocardial injury by reducing DOCK2 expression, affording a pair of novel target molecules for ameliorating the symptoms of myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical College, Tengzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical College, Tengzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Guangfu Zhu
- Intervention Room, Department of Cardiology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical College, Tengzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yuncong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical College, Tengzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Huan Zuo
- Department of Neurology, Tengzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Tengzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Xia Tian
- Intervention Room, Department of Cardiology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical College, Tengzhou, Shandong, China
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van den Hoogen P, de Jager SCA, Mol EA, Schoneveld AS, Huibers MMH, Vink A, Doevendans PA, Laman JD, Sluijter JPG. Potential of mesenchymal- and cardiac progenitor cells for therapeutic targeting of B-cells and antibody responses in end-stage heart failure. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0227283. [PMID: 31891633 PMCID: PMC6938331 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon myocardial damage, the release of cardiac proteins induces a strong antibody-mediated immune response, which can lead to adverse cardiac remodeling and eventually heart failure (HF). Stem cell therapy using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) or cardiomyocyte progenitor cells (CPCs) previously showed beneficial effects on cardiac function despite low engraftment in the heart. Paracrine mediators are likely of great importance, where, for example, MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) also show immunosuppressive properties in vitro. However, the limited capacity of MSCs to differentiate into cardiac cells and the sufficient scaling of MSC-derived EVs remain a challenge to clinical translation. Therefore, we investigated the immunosuppressive actions of endogenous CPCs and CPC-derived EVs on antibody production in vitro, using both healthy controls and end-stage HF patients. Both MSCs and CPCs strongly inhibit lymphocyte proliferation and antibody production in vitro. Furthermore, CPC-derived EVs significantly lowered the levels of IgG1, IgG4, and IgM, especially when administered for longer duration. In line with previous findings, plasma cells of end-stage HF patients showed high production of IgG3, which can be inhibited by MSCs in vitro. MSCs and CPCs inhibit in vitro antibody production of both healthy and end-stage HF-derived immune cells. CPC-derived paracrine factors, such as EVs, show similar effects, but do not provide the complete immunosuppressive capacity of CPCs. The strongest immunosuppressive effects were observed using MSCs, suggesting that MSCs might be the best candidates for therapeutic targeting of B-cell responses in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia van den Hoogen
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia C. A. de Jager
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Emma A. Mol
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Cell Biology, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arjan S. Schoneveld
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry & Haematology, ARCADIA, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Manon M. H. Huibers
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Aryan Vink
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter A. Doevendans
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Central Military Hospital, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jon D. Laman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems (BSCS), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Joost P. G. Sluijter
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Li X, Tang X, Lu J, Yuan S. Therapeutic inhibition of galectin‑3 improves cardiomyocyte apoptosis and survival during heart failure. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:4106-4112. [PMID: 29286090 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jingzhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Jinping Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Yuan
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for more deaths globally than any other single disease. There are on average 1.5 million episodes of myocardial infarction (heart attack) each year in the United States alone with roughly one-third resulting in death. There is therefore a major need for developing new and effective strategies to promote cardiac repair. Intramyocardial transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has emerged as a leading contender in the pursuit of clinical intervention and therapy. MSCs are potent mediators of cardiac repair and are therefore an attractive tool in the development of preclinical and clinical trials. MSCs are capable of secreting a large array of soluble factors, which have had demonstrated effects on pathogenic cardiac remolding, fibrosis, immune activation, and cardiac stem cell proliferation within the damaged heart. MSCs are also capable of differentiation into cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells, although the relative contribution of trilineage differentiation and paracrine effectors on cardiac repair remains the subject of active investigation.
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Cancedda R, Bollini S, Descalzi F, Mastrogiacomo M, Tasso R. Learning from Mother Nature: Innovative Tools to Boost Endogenous Repair of Critical or Difficult-to-Heal Large Tissue Defects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2017; 5:28. [PMID: 28503549 PMCID: PMC5408079 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2017.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For repair of chronic or difficult-to-heal tissue lesions and defects, major constraints exist to a broad application of cell therapy and tissue engineering approaches, i.e., transplantation of “ex vivo” expanded autologous stem/progenitor cells, alone or associated with carrier biomaterials. To enable a large number of patients to benefit, new strategies should be considered. One of the main goals of contemporary regenerative medicine is to develop new regenerative therapies, inspired from Mother Nature. In all injured tissues, when platelets are activated by tissue contact, their released factors promote innate immune cell migration to the wound site. Platelet-derived factors and factors secreted by migrating immune cells create an inflammatory microenvironment, in turn, causing the activation of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis processes. Eventually, repair or regeneration of the injured tissue occurs via paracrine signals activating, mobilizing or recruiting to the wound site cells with healing potential, such as stem cells, progenitors, or undifferentiated cells derived from the reprogramming of tissue differentiated cells. This review, largely based on our studies, discusses the identification of new tools, inspired by cellular and molecular mechanisms overseeing physiological tissue healing, that could reactivate dormant endogenous regeneration mechanisms lost during evolution and ontogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranieri Cancedda
- Biorigen Srl, Genova, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Sveva Bollini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberta Tasso
- IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST National Institute of Cancer Research, Genova, Italy
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Monteiro LM, Vasques-Nóvoa F, Ferreira L, Pinto-do-Ó P, Nascimento DS. Restoring heart function and electrical integrity: closing the circuit. NPJ Regen Med 2017; 2:9. [PMID: 29302345 PMCID: PMC5665620 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-017-0015-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in the world and are often associated with the occurrence of arrhythmias due to disruption of myocardial electrical integrity. Pathologies involving dysfunction of the specialized cardiac excitatory/conductive tissue are also common and constitute an added source of morbidity and mortality since current standard therapies withstand a great number of limitations. As electrical integrity is essential for a well-functioning heart, innovative strategies have been bioengineered to improve heart conduction and/or promote myocardial repair, based on: (1) gene and/or cell delivery; or (2) conductive biomaterials as tools for cardiac tissue engineering. Herein we aim to review the state-of-art in the area, while briefly describing the biological principles underlying the heart electrical/conduction system and how this system can be disrupted in heart disease. Suggestions regarding targets for future studies are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Miguel Monteiro
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Vasques-Nóvoa
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Cirurgia Cardiotorácica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lino Ferreira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Perpétua Pinto-do-Ó
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Santos Nascimento
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Golpanian S, Wolf A, Hatzistergos KE, Hare JM. Rebuilding the Damaged Heart: Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Cell-Based Therapy, and Engineered Heart Tissue. Physiol Rev 2016; 96:1127-68. [PMID: 27335447 PMCID: PMC6345247 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00019.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are broadly distributed cells that retain postnatal capacity for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation. MSCs evade immune detection, secrete an array of anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic mediators, and very importantly activate resident precursors. These properties form the basis for the strategy of clinical application of cell-based therapeutics for inflammatory and fibrotic conditions. In cardiovascular medicine, administration of autologous or allogeneic MSCs in patients with ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy holds significant promise. Numerous preclinical studies of ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy employing MSC-based therapy have demonstrated that the properties of reducing fibrosis, stimulating angiogenesis, and cardiomyogenesis have led to improvements in the structure and function of remodeled ventricles. Further attempts have been made to augment MSCs' effects through genetic modification and cell preconditioning. Progression of MSC therapy to early clinical trials has supported their role in improving cardiac structure and function, functional capacity, and patient quality of life. Emerging data have supported larger clinical trials that have been either completed or are currently underway. Mechanistically, MSC therapy is thought to benefit the heart by stimulating innate anti-fibrotic and regenerative responses. The mechanisms of action involve paracrine signaling, cell-cell interactions, and fusion with resident cells. Trans-differentiation of MSCs to bona fide cardiomyocytes and coronary vessels is also thought to occur, although at a nonphysiological level. Recently, MSC-based tissue engineering for cardiovascular disease has been examined with quite encouraging results. This review discusses MSCs from their basic biological characteristics to their role as a promising therapeutic strategy for clinical cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Golpanian
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, and Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Ariel Wolf
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, and Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Konstantinos E Hatzistergos
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, and Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Joshua M Hare
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, and Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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Zhao S, Yang G, Liu PN, Deng YY, Zhao Z, Sun T, Zhuo XZ, Liu JH, Tian Y, Zhou J, Yuan Z, Wu Y. miR-590-3p Is a Novel MicroRNA in Myocarditis by Targeting Nuclear Factor Kappa-B in vivo. Cardiology 2015; 132:182-8. [PMID: 26278103 DOI: 10.1159/000433596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-954;B)-induced inflammation leads to myocarditis and heart dysfunction. How microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to this process is poorly defined. The aim of this study was to investigate whether miRNAs regulate NF-954;B-induced inflammation in experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS NF-954;B and its related proinflammatory genes, including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), were activated in EAM. Profiling of NF-954;B-related miRNAs revealed that miR-590-3p was strikingly reduced in EAM. We found IL-6-induced proinflammatory signaling via miR-590-3p reduction, p50 induction, NF-954;B activation and IL-6/TNF-a expression. Moreover, a luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-590-3p directly interacted with the 3' UTR (untranslated region) of the p50 subunit, and that miR-590-3p overexpression inhibited p50 expression. Finally, miR-590-3p transfection through adeno-associated virus significantly inhibited p50 expression, suppressed NF-954;B activity and blocked IL-6/TNF-a expression in vivo, reducing the lesion area and improving cardiac function in EAM. CONCLUSION miR-590-3p is a novel NF-954;B-related miRNA that directly targets the p50 subunit. This may provide a novel strategy for the treatment of myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
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Sun Z, Li T, Wen H, Wang H, Ji W, Ma Y. Immunological effect induced by mesenchymal stem cells in a rat liver transplantation model. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:401-406. [PMID: 26622328 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the immunological effect induced by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in rats that had undergone an orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). MSCs were isolated and cultured from the bone marrow tissue of Lewis rats. In total, 42 rat OLT models were established and equally distributed into three groups. Group A received an OLT only, group B were also intramuscularly injected with tacrolimus (FK506), while group C were not only administered FK506, but also received MSCs. On day 7 post-surgery, the blood levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) were measured. In addition, pathological changes were observed in the liver, levels of immune cytokines, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-α1, interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-12, were determined using immunohistochemistry, MSC homing was assessed and the survival times of the patients were recorded. Liver function, as assessed by the levels of ALT, AST and TBIL, was shown to improve in group C when compared with groups B and A (both P<0.01). In addition, survival analysis revealed that the survival times in groups B (median, 44 days) and C (median, 63 days) were significantly longer compared with group A (median, 11 days; both P<0.01). The survival rate of group C was also higher compared with group B (P<0.01). Pathological examination demonstrated strong acute rejection in group A, a mild acute rejection in group B and the mildest reaction in group C. In addition, immunohistochemistry revealed that TGF-α1 and IL-10 expression was stronger in groups C and B, with group C exhibiting more significant expression than group B. By contrast, expression levels of IL-12 in groups A, B and C were positive, weak-positive and negative, respectively. Therefore, postoperative immunosuppression induced by MSCs is important for the alleviation of immune rejection from recipient-to-graft, and may induce immune tolerance in rat OLT models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqiang Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China ; Research Laboratory of Disease Genomics, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Digestive and Vascular Surgery Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wen
- Department of Digestive and Vascular Surgery Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China ; Xinjiang Organ Transplant Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Haijiang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Weizheng Ji
- Oncology Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Yan Ma
- Stem Cell Laboratory of Medical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
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Abstract
Cell therapy has enormous potential for the treatment of conditions of unmet medical need. Cell therapy may be applied to diabetes mellitus in the context of beta cell replacement or for the treatment of diabetic complications. A large number of cell types including hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, umbilical cord blood, conditioned lymphocytes, mononuclear cells, or a combination of these cells have been shown to be safe and feasible for the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus. The first part of this review article will focus on the current perspective of the role of embryonic stem cells and inducible pluripotent stem cells for beta cell replacement and the current clinical data on cell-based therapy for the restoration of normoglycemia. The second part of this review will highlight the therapeutic role of MSCs in islet cells cotransplantation and the management of diabetes related vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Liew
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science (NCBES), National University Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland
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15
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Monnerat-Cahli G, Trentin-Sonoda M, Guerra B, Manso G, Ferreira ACF, Silva DLSG, Coutinho DC, Carneiro-Ramos MS, Rodrigues DC, Cabral-da-Silva MC, Goldenberg RCS, Nascimento JHM, Campos de Carvalho AC, Medei E. Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells rescue cardiac function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int J Cardiol 2014; 171:199-208. [PMID: 24374203 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the present study, we investigated whether MSC-transplantation can revert cardiac dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and the immunoregulatory effects of MSC were examined. BACKGROUND Cardiac complications are one of the main causes of death in diabetes. Several studies have shown anti-diabetic effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC). METHODS/RESULTS The rats were divided in three groups: Non-diabetic, Diabetic and Diabetic-Treated with 5 × 10(6) MSC 4 weeks after establishment of diabetes. Four weeks after MSC-therapy, systemic metabolic parameters, immunological profile and cardiac function were assessed. MSC-transplantation was able to revert the hyperglycemia and body weight loss of the animals. In addition, after MSC-transplantation a decrease in corticosterone and IFN-γ sera levels without restoration of insulin and leptin plasma levels was observed. Also, MSC-therapy improved electrical remodeling, shortening QT and QTc in the ECG and action potential duration of left ventricular myocytes. No arrhythmic events were observed after MSC-transplantation. MSC-therapy rescued the cardiac beta-adrenergic sensitivity by increasing beta-1 adrenergic receptor expression. Both alpha and beta cardiac AMPK and p-AMPK returned to baseline values after MSC-therapy. However, total ERK1 and p-ERK1/2 were not different among groups. CONCLUSION The results indicate that MSC-therapy was able to rescue cardiac impairment induced by diabetes, normalize cardiac AMPK subunit expression and activity, decrease corticosterone and glycemia and exert systemic immunoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Monnerat-Cahli
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Mayra Trentin-Sonoda
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo Andre, Brasil
| | - Bárbara Guerra
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Gabriel Manso
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Andrea C F Ferreira
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Diorney L S G Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Danielle C Coutinho
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Marcela S Carneiro-Ramos
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Deivid C Rodrigues
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Mauricio C Cabral-da-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Regina C S Goldenberg
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - José H M Nascimento
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Antonio C Campos de Carvalho
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Emiliano Medei
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
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16
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Poggioli T, Sarathchandra P, Rosenthal N, Santini MP. Intramyocardial cell delivery: observations in murine hearts. J Vis Exp 2014:e51064. [PMID: 24513973 DOI: 10.3791/51064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that cell delivery promotes cardiac function amelioration by release of cytokines and factors that increase cardiac tissue revascularization and cell survival. In addition, further observations revealed that specific stem cells, such as cardiac stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and cardiospheres have the ability to integrate within the surrounding myocardium by differentiating into cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. Here, we present the materials and methods to reliably deliver noncontractile cells into the left ventricular wall of immunodepleted mice. The salient steps of this microsurgical procedure involve anesthesia and analgesia injection, intratracheal intubation, incision to open the chest and expose the heart and delivery of cells by a sterile 30-gauge needle and a precision microliter syringe. Tissue processing consisting of heart harvesting, embedding, sectioning and histological staining showed that intramyocardial cell injection produced a small damage in the epicardial area, as well as in the ventricular wall. Noncontractile cells were retained into the myocardial wall of immunocompromised mice and were surrounded by a layer of fibrotic tissue, likely to protect from cardiac pressure and mechanical load.
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Isoproterenol instigates cardiomyocyte apoptosis and heart failure via AMPK inactivation-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress. Apoptosis 2013; 18:800-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-013-0843-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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18
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Rosuvastatin enhances the therapeutic efficacy of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for myocardial infarction via PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK pathways. Basic Res Cardiol 2013; 108:333. [PMID: 23386286 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-013-0333-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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19
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2013; 18:111-30. [PMID: 23299306 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0b013e32835daf68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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