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Guo X, Huang T, Xu Y, Zhao J, Huang Y, Zhou Z, Xing B, Li Y, Meng S, Chen X, Yu L, Wang H. Early inhibition of the ATM/p53 pathway reduces the susceptibility to atrial fibrillation and atrial remodeling following acute myocardial infarction. Cell Signal 2024; 122:111322. [PMID: 39067835 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) emerges as a critical complication following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and is associated with a significant increased risk of heart failure, stroke and mortality. Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), a key player in DNA damage repair (DDR), has been implicated in multiple cardiovascular conditions, however, its involvement in the development of AF following AMI remains unexplored. This study seeks to clarify the contribution of the ATM/p53 pathway in the onset of AF post-AMI and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. The rat model of AMI was established by ligating left anterior descending coronary artery in the presence or absence of Ku55933 (an ATM kinase inhibitor, 5 mg/kg/d) treatment. Rats receiving Ku55933 were further divided into the early administration group (administered on days 1, 2, 4, and 7 post-AMI) and the late administration group (administered on days 8, 9, 11 and 14 post-AMI). RNA-sequencing was performed 14 days post-operation. In vitro, H2O2-challenged HL-1 atrial muscle cells were utilized to evaluate the potential effects of different ATM inhibition schemes, including earlier, middle, and late periods of intervention. Fourteen days post-AMI injury, the animals exhibited significantly increased AF inducibility, exacerbated atrial electrical/structural remodeling, reduced ventricular function and exacerbated atrial DNA damage, as evidenced by enhanced ATM/p53 signaling as well as γH2AX level. These effects were partially consistent with the enrichment results of bioinformatics analysis. Notably, the deleterious effects were ameliorated by early, but not late, administration of Ku55933. Mechanistically, inhibition of ATM signaling successfully suppressed atrial NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptotic pathway. Additionally, the results were validated in the in vitro experiments demonstrating that early inhibition of Ku55933 not only attenuated cellular ATM/p53 signaling, but also mitigated inflammatory response by reducing NLRP3 activation. Collectively, hyperactivation of ATM/p53 contributed to the pathogenesis of AF following AMI. Early intervention with ATM inhibitors substantially mitigated AF susceptibility and atrial electrical/structural remodeling, highlighting a novel therapeutic avenue against cardiac arrhythmia following AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Guo
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yinli Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jikai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuting Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zijun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bo Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Liming Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Huishan Wang
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China.
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Sheng Y, Wang YY, Chang Y, Ye D, Wu L, Kang H, Zhang X, Chen X, Li B, Zhu D, Zhang N, Zhao H, Chen A, Chen H, Jia P, Song J. Deciphering mechanisms of cardiomyocytes and non-cardiomyocyte transformation in myocardial remodeling of permanent atrial fibrillation. J Adv Res 2024; 61:101-117. [PMID: 37722560 PMCID: PMC11258668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia, and it significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular complications and morbidity, even with appropriate treatment. Tissue remodeling has been a significant topic, while its systematic transcriptional signature remains unclear in AF. OBJECTIVES Our study aims to systematically investigate the molecular characteristics of AF at the cellular-level. METHODS We conducted single-nuclei RNA-sequencig (snRNA-seq) analysis using nuclei isolated from the left atrial appendage (LAA) of AF patients and sinus rhythm. Pathological staining was performed to validate the key findings of snRNA-seq. RESULTS A total of 30 cell subtypes were identified among 80, 592 nuclei. Within the LAA of AF, we observed a specific subtype of dedifferentiated cardiomyocytes (CMs) characterized by reduced expression of cardiac contractile proteins (TTN and TRDN) and heightened expression of extracellular-matrix related genes (COL1A2 and FBN1). Transcription factor prediction analysis revealed that gene expression patterns in dedifferentiated CMs were primarily regulated by CEBPG and GISLI. Additionally, we identified a distinct subtype of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) demonstrating elevated expression of PROM1 and KDR, a population decreased within the LAA of AF. Epicardial adipocytes disclosed a reduced release of the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic factor PRG4, and an augmented secretion of VEGF signals targeting CMs. Additionally, we noted accumulation of M2-like macrophages and CD8+ T cells with high pro-inflammatory score in LAA of AF. Furthermore, the analysis of intercellular communication revealed specific pathways related to AF, such as inflammation, extracellular matrix, and vascular remodeling signals. CONCLUSIONS This study has discovered the presence of dedifferentiated CMs, a decrease in endothelial progenitor cells, a shift in the secretion profile of adipocytes, and an amplified inflammatory response in AF. These findings could offer crucial insights for future research on AF and serve as valuable references for investigating novel therapeutic approaches for AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Sheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 167A Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yin-Ying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 167A Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Dongting Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liying Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongen Kang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 167A Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daliang Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Haisen Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aijun Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haisheng Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Peilin Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
| | - Jiangping Song
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen 518057, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 167A Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China.
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Zhang Y, Yao Y, Wei J, Zhang Z. miR-338-5p regulated the NF-κB/MAPK pathway to alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress by targeting IL-6 in rats with atrial fibrillation. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:182. [PMID: 38947734 PMCID: PMC11213847 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04024-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the functional effect of miR-338-5p targeting IL-6 on NF-κB/MAPK pathway-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress in atrial fibrillation (AF) rats. AF model rats were generated by tail vein injection of 0.1 mL Ach-CaCl2 mixture. The overexpression and suppression of miR-338-5p were established by injecting a miR-338-5p-agomir and a miR-338-5p-antagomir, respectively, into AF rats. Cardiac morphological changes were detected by H&E and Masson staining. The levels of ROS, SOD, T-AOC, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were detected via ELISA. Dual luciferase assays, qRT‒PCR, and western blotting were used to verify that miR-338-5p targets IL-6. The expression of NF-κB/MAPK pathway proteins was detected by western blot. Overexpression of miR-338-5p ameliorated heart damage in AF rats. Increased miR-338-5p reduced the levels of CK, CK-MB, and cTnT to alleviate myocardial injury. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-338-5p relieved inflammation and oxidative stress by downregulating SOD and T-AOC and upregulating IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and ROS. Further research revealed that upregulation of miR-338-5p reduced the protein levels of p-p38, p-p65 and p-ERK1/2. The opposite results were obtained following miR-338-5p-antagomir treatment. Taken together, these findings indicate that the upregulation of miR-338-5p alleviated inflammation and oxidative stress by targeting IL-6 to inhibit the NF-κB/MAPK pathway, thus providing a new therapeutic target for AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital, Lanzhou, 730070 Gansu China
| | - Yali Yao
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730013 Gansu China
| | - Jia Wei
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730099 Gansu China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People’s Hospital of Lanzhou City, No. 388 Jingyuan Road, Lanzhou, 730046 Gansu People’s Republic of China
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Ma Z, Chen Q, Liu Z, Li X, Zhang H, Feng X. Genetically predicted inflammatory proteins and the risk of atrial fibrillation: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1375750. [PMID: 38988665 PMCID: PMC11234858 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1375750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The causal associations between inflammatory factors and atrial fibrillation (AF) remained unclear. We aimed to investigate whether genetically predicted inflammatory proteins are related to the risk of AF, and vice versa. Methods A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study was performed. The genetic variation of 91 inflammatory proteins were derived from genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of European ancestry (n = 14,824). Summary statistics for AF were obtained from a published meta-analysis study (n = 1,030,836) and the FinnGen study (n = 261,395). Results Genetically predicted fibroblast growth factor 5 (FGF5) was significantly positively associated with risk of AF [[odds ratio (OR): 1.07; 95% CI: 1.04-1.10; P < 0.01], and CD40l receptor was significantly negatively associated with risk of AF (OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.92-0.98; P = 0.02) in the meta-analysis study. In the FinnGen study, similar results were observed in FGF5 (OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.06-1.16; P < 0.01) and CD40l receptor (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.89-0.97; P = 0.03) for AF. In the FinnGen study, TNF-beta was significantly positively associated with risk of AF (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02-1.09; P = 0.03) and leukemia inhibitory factor receptor was significantly negatively associated with risk of AF (OR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.80-0.91; P = 0.001). The causal effect of AF on inflammatory proteins was not observed. Conclusion Our study suggested that FGF5 and CD40l receptor have a potential causal association with AF, and targeting these factors may help in the treatment of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Huaming Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Feng
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Niskala A, Heijman J, Dobrev D, Jespersen T, Saljic A. Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome signalling for the management of atrial fibrillation. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38877789 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory signalling via the nod-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain-containing protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has recently been implicated in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the precise role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in various cardiac cell types is poorly understood. Targeting components or products of the inflammasome and preventing their proinflammatory consequences may constitute novel therapeutic treatment strategies for AF. In this review, we summarise the current understanding of the role of the inflammasome in AF pathogenesis. We first review the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and inflammatory signalling in cardiomyocytes, (myo)fibroblasts and immune cells, such as neutrophils, macrophages and monocytes. Because numerous compounds targeting NLRP3 signalling are currently in preclinical development, or undergoing clinical evaluation for other indications than AF, we subsequently review known therapeutics, such as colchicine and canakinumab, targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome and evaluate their potential for treating AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Niskala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jordi Heijman
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Medical Physics & Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Medicine and Research Center, Montréal Heart Institute and University de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Thomas Jespersen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arnela Saljic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Si W, Teng P, Ma L. Model for predicting the recurrence of atrial fibrillation after monopolar or bipolar radiofrequency ablation in patients with AF and mitral valve disease. J Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 19:290. [PMID: 38750504 PMCID: PMC11097403 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02742-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify the risk factors for postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients with valvular atrial fibrillation, and establish predictive models of atrial fibrillation recurrence. METHODS Overall, 224 patients who underwent radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation from November 2014 to November 2020 were included. The statistical package for social sciences, X-tile, and R-studio were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Patients were divided into training and validation sets according to a ratio of 3:1. The training set was analysed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis and showed that preoperative uric acid > 401 μmol/L (P = 0.006), B-type natriuretic peptide > 202 ng/L (P = 0.042), hypersensitivity C-reactive protein > 6.1 mg/L (P = 0.026), erythrocyte sedimentation rate > 7.0 mm/h (P = 0.016), preoperative left atrial diameter > 48 mm (P = 0.031) were significantly correlated with the recurrence of atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation in patients with valvular atrial fibrillation. In the training set, a Cox regression model of the five related factors was established using the R language. The C-index of the model was 0.82, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.831 (P < 0.001). Internal and external verification was performed in the training and validation sets, respectively, and both showed that the fit of the verification curve was relatively good at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years postoperatively. After calculating the weight of each related factor using the nomogram, a new risk predictive model (BLUCE) for postoperative atrial fibrillation was established. CONCLUSIONS In patients with atrial fibrillation, preoperative uric acid, B-type natriuretic peptide, hypersensitivity C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and left atrial diameter are risk factors for atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter recurrence after radiofrequency ablation. The BLUCE predictive model can distinguish high-risk groups of postoperative atrial fibrillation. High-risk patients in the BLUCE model were more likely to experience recurrence of atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation and a low possibility of maintaining sinus rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Si
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Teng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Tang H, Lu K, Wang Y, Shi Y, Ma W, Chen X, Li B, Shao Y. Analyses of lncRNA and mRNA profiles in recurrent atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:244. [PMID: 38643140 PMCID: PMC11031869 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01799-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia worldwide. Catheter ablation has become a crucial treatment for AF. However, there is a possibility of atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation. Our study sought to elucidate the role of lncRNA‒mRNA regulatory networks in late AF recurrence after catheter ablation. METHODS We conducted RNA sequencing to profile the transcriptomes of 5 samples from the presence of recurrence after AF ablation (P-RAF) and 5 samples from the absence of recurrence after AF ablation (A-RAF). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and long noncoding RNAs (DE-lncRNAs) were analyzed using the DESeq2 R package. The functional correlations of the DEGs were assessed through Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. A protein‒protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING and Cytoscape. We also established a lncRNA‒mRNA regulatory network between DE-lncRNAs and DEGs using BEDTools v2.1.2 software and the Pearson correlation coefficient method. To validate the high-throughput sequencing results of the hub genes, we conducted quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR) experiments. RESULTS A total of 28,528 mRNAs and 42,333 lncRNAs were detected. A total of 96 DEGs and 203 DE-lncRNAs were identified between the two groups. GO analysis revealed that the DEGs were enriched in the biological processes (BPs) of "regulation of immune response" and "regulation of immune system process", the cellular components (CCs) of "extracellular matrix" and "cell‒cell junction", and the molecular functions (MFs) of "signaling adaptor activity" and "protein-macromolecule adaptor activity". According to the KEGG analysis, the DEGs were associated with the "PI3K-Akt signaling pathway" and "MAPK signaling pathway." Nine hub genes (MMP9, IGF2, FGFR1, HSPG2, GZMB, PEG10, GNLY, COL6A1, and KCNE3) were identified through the PPI network. lncRNA-TMEM51-AS1-201 was identified as a core regulator in the lncRNA‒mRNA regulatory network, suggesting its potential impact on the recurrence of AF after catheter ablation through the regulation of COL6A1, FGFR1, HSPG2, and IGF2. CONCLUSIONS The recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation may be associated with immune responses and fibrosis, with the extracellular matrix playing a crucial role. TMEM51-AS1-201 has been identified as a potential key target for AF recurrence after catheter ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiguang Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, No. 5, Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Kongmiao Lu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, No. 5, Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, No. 5, Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, No. 5, Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Wansheng Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, No. 5, Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaomeng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, No. 5, Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Bingong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, No. 5, Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Yibing Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, No. 5, Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
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Rodríguez NA, Patel N, Dariolli R, Ng S, Aleman AG, Gong JQ, Lin HM, Rodríguez M, Josowitz R, Sol-Church K, Gripp KW, Lin X, Song SC, Fishman GI, Sobie EA, Gelb BD. HRAS-Mutant Cardiomyocyte Model of Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2024; 17:e012022. [PMID: 38415356 PMCID: PMC11021157 DOI: 10.1161/circep.123.012022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline HRAS gain-of-function pathogenic variants cause Costello syndrome (CS). During early childhood, 50% of patients develop multifocal atrial tachycardia, a treatment-resistant tachyarrhythmia of unknown pathogenesis. This study investigated how overactive HRAS activity triggers arrhythmogenesis in atrial-like cardiomyocytes (ACMs) derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells bearing CS-associated HRAS variants. METHODS HRAS Gly12 mutations were introduced into a human-induced pluripotent stem cells-ACM reporter line. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells were generated from patients with CS exhibiting tachyarrhythmia. Calcium transients and action potentials were assessed in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived ACMs. Automated patch clamping assessed funny currents. HCN inhibitors targeted pacemaker-like activity in mutant ACMs. Transcriptomic data were analyzed via differential gene expression and gene ontology. Immunoblotting evaluated protein expression associated with calcium handling and pacemaker-nodal expression. RESULTS ACMs harboring HRAS variants displayed higher beating rates compared with healthy controls. The hyperpolarization activated cyclic nucleotide gated potassium channel inhibitor ivabradine and the Nav1.5 blocker flecainide significantly decreased beating rates in mutant ACMs, whereas voltage-gated calcium channel 1.2 blocker verapamil attenuated their irregularity. Electrophysiological assessment revealed an increased number of pacemaker-like cells with elevated funny current densities among mutant ACMs. Mutant ACMs demonstrated elevated gene expression (ie, ISL1, TBX3, TBX18) related to intracellular calcium homeostasis, heart rate, RAS signaling, and induction of pacemaker-nodal-like transcriptional programming. Immunoblotting confirmed increased protein levels for genes of interest and suppressed MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) activity in mutant ACMs. CONCLUSIONS CS-associated gain-of-function HRASG12 mutations in induced pluripotent stem cells-derived ACMs trigger transcriptional changes associated with enhanced automaticity and arrhythmic activity consistent with multifocal atrial tachycardia. This is the first human-induced pluripotent stem cell model establishing the mechanistic basis for multifocal atrial tachycardia in CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson A. Rodríguez
- Mindich Child Health & Development Inst, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Nihir Patel
- Mindich Child Health & Development Inst, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Rafael Dariolli
- Dept of Pharmacological Sciences & Systems Biology Ctr New York, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Simon Ng
- Mindich Child Health & Development Inst, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Angelika G. Aleman
- Mindich Child Health & Development Inst, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Jingqi Q.X. Gong
- Dept of Pharmacological Sciences & Systems Biology Ctr New York, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Hung-Mo Lin
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences (YCAS), New Haven, CT
| | - Matthew Rodríguez
- Mindich Child Health & Development Inst, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Rebecca Josowitz
- Division of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Katia Sol-Church
- Dept of Pathology, Univ of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Karen W. Gripp
- Division of Medical Genetics; Al duPont Hospital for Children/Nemours, Wilmington, DE
| | - Xianming Lin
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology; New York Univ School of Medicine
| | - Soomin C. Song
- Ion Lab, Dept of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - Glenn I. Fishman
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology; New York Univ School of Medicine
| | - Eric A. Sobie
- Dept of Pharmacological Sciences & Systems Biology Ctr New York, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Bruce D. Gelb
- Mindich Child Health & Development Inst, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Depts of Pediatrics & Genetics and Genomic Sciences; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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9
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Jin J, Wang Y, Liu Y, Chakrabarti S, Su Z. Cardiac resident macrophages: Spatiotemporal distribution, development, physiological functions, and their translational potential on cardiac diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1483-1493. [PMID: 38572111 PMCID: PMC10985034 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac resident macrophages (CRMs) are the main population of cardiac immune cells. The role of these cells in regeneration, functional remodeling, and repair after cardiac injury is always the focus of research. However, in recent years, their dynamic changes and contributions in physiological states have a significant attention. CRMs have specific phenotypes and functions in different cardiac chambers or locations of the heart and at different stages. They further show specific differentiation and development processes. The present review will summarize the new progress about the spatiotemporal distribution, potential developmental regulation, and their roles in cardiac development and aging as well as the translational potential of CRMs on cardiac diseases. Of course, the research tools for CRMs, their respective advantages and disadvantages, and key issues on CRMs will further be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yurou Wang
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yueqin Liu
- Center Laboratory, the Fourth People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang 212008, China
| | - Subrata Chakrabarti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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10
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Huang M, Huiskes FG, de Groot NMS, Brundel BJJM. The Role of Immune Cells Driving Electropathology and Atrial Fibrillation. Cells 2024; 13:311. [PMID: 38391924 PMCID: PMC10886649 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common progressive cardiac arrhythmia worldwide and entails serious complications including stroke and heart failure. Despite decades of clinical research, the current treatment of AF is suboptimal. This is due to a lack of knowledge on the mechanistic root causes of AF. Prevailing theories indicate a key role for molecular and structural changes in driving electrical conduction abnormalities in the atria and as such triggering AF. Emerging evidence indicates the role of the altered atrial and systemic immune landscape in driving this so-called electropathology. Immune cells and immune markers play a central role in immune remodeling by exhibiting dual facets. While the activation and recruitment of immune cells contribute to maintaining atrial stability, the excessive activation and pronounced expression of immune markers can foster AF. This review delineates shifts in cardiac composition and the distribution of immune cells in the context of cardiac health and disease, especially AF. A comprehensive exploration of the functions of diverse immune cell types in AF and other cardiac diseases is essential to unravel the intricacies of immune remodeling. Usltimately, we delve into clinical evidence showcasing immune modifications in both the atrial and systemic domains among AF patients, aiming to elucidate immune markers for therapy and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Huang
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure and Arrhythmias, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.H.); (F.G.H.)
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Fabries G. Huiskes
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure and Arrhythmias, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.H.); (F.G.H.)
| | | | - Bianca J. J. M. Brundel
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure and Arrhythmias, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.H.); (F.G.H.)
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11
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Sha R, Baines O, Hayes A, Tompkins K, Kalla M, Holmes AP, O'Shea C, Pavlovic D. Impact of Obesity on Atrial Fibrillation Pathogenesis and Treatment Options. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032277. [PMID: 38156451 PMCID: PMC10863823 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia. AF increases the risk of stroke, heart failure, dementia, and hospitalization. Obesity significantly increases AF risk, both directly and indirectly, through related conditions, like hypertension, diabetes, and heart failure. Obesity-driven structural and electrical remodeling contribute to AF via several reported mechanisms, including adiposity, inflammation, fibrosis, oxidative stress, ion channel alterations, and autonomic dysfunction. In particular, expanding epicardial adipose tissue during obesity has been suggested as a key driver of AF via paracrine signaling and direct infiltration. Weight loss has been shown to reverse these changes and reduce AF risk and recurrence after ablation. However, studies on how obesity affects pharmacologic or interventional AF treatments are limited. In this review, we discuss mechanisms by which obesity mediates AF and treatment outcomes, aiming to provide insight into obesity-drug interactions and guide personalized treatment for this patient subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Sha
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Olivia Baines
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Abbie Hayes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Katie Tompkins
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Manish Kalla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Andrew P. Holmes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Christopher O'Shea
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Davor Pavlovic
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
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12
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Rachieru C, Lighezan DF, Petrescu L, Târtea G, Goanță EV, Buzas R, Cirin L, Cozma D. The Significance of Inflammation in Atrial Fibrillation. CURRENT HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 2024; 50:59-66. [PMID: 38846471 PMCID: PMC11151943 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.50.01.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to assess the inflammatory status in individuals diagnosed with atrial fibrillation (Afi) and establish an association between this status and the clinicopathological features. MATERIAL AND METHODS Our study was conducted retrospectively and initially involved 278 patients. However, after excluding 27 patients, we ultimately ended up with 167 patients who had an inflammatory status and 84 patients who did not have an inflammatory status. These patients were then analyzed. RESULTS Patients who had inflammation showed higher values for the CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores (P= 0.0132 for CHA2DS2-VASc and P= 0.0024 for HAS-BLED). Also, it was observed that patients with associated inflammation exhibited an increase in both the volume and the area of the left atrium. Patients with hypertension had a higher prevalence of inflammation, with heart failure and with ischemic heart disease. It is worth noting that patients with atrial fibrillation and increased inflammatory status exhibited higher rates of stroke (22.75% vs 10.71% in patients without inflammation, odds ratio = 2.455, 95% confidence interval 1.161 to 5.425, p = 0.0253). CONCLUSIONS Our research has demonstrated that patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and exhibiting a heightened inflammatory status also present association with other comorbidities, including hypertension, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciprian Rachieru
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, Municipal Emergency Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Advanced Research in Cardiovascular Pathology and Hemostaseology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniel-Florin Lighezan
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, Municipal Emergency Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Advanced Research in Cardiovascular Pathology and Hemostaseology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lucian Petrescu
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Georgică Târtea
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, Emergency County Hospital of Craiova, Romania
| | - Emilia Violeta Goanță
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, Emergency County Hospital of Craiova, Romania
| | - Roxana Buzas
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, Municipal Emergency Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Advanced Research in Cardiovascular Pathology and Hemostaseology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Liviu Cirin
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dragoș Cozma
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Timisoara, Romania
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13
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Billur D, Olgar Y, Durak A, Yozgat AH, Unay S, Tuncay E, Turan B. An increase in intercellular crosstalk and electrotonic coupling between cardiomyocytes and nonmyocytes reshapes the electrical conduction in the metabolic heart characterized by short QT intervals in ECGs. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1526-1542. [PMID: 38014767 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac conduction abnormalities are disorders in metabolic syndrome (MetS), however, their mechanisms are unknown. Although ventricular arrhythmia reflects the changes in QT-interval of electrocardiograms associated with the changes in cardiomyocyte action potential durations (APDs), recent studies emphasize role of intercellular crosstalk between cardiomyocytes and nonmyocytes via passive (electrotonic)-conduction. Therefore, considering the possible increase in intercellular interactions of nonmyocytes with cardiomyocytes, we hypothesized an early-cardiac-remodeling characterized by short QT-interval via contributions and modulations of changes by nonmyocytes to the ventricular APs in an early-stage MetS hearts. Following the feeding of 8-week-old rats with a high-sucrose diet (32%; MetS rats) and validation of insulin resistance, there was a significant increase in heart rate and changes in the electrical characteristics of the hearts, especially a shortening in action potential (AP) duration of the papillary muscles. The patch-clamp analysis of ventricular cardiomyocytes showed an increase in the Na+ -channel currents while there were decreases in l-type Ca2+ -channel (LTCC) currents with unchanged K+ -channel currents. There was an increase in the phosphorylated form of connexin 43 (pCx43), mostly with lateral localization on sarcolemma, while its unphosphorylated form (Cx43) exhibited a high degree of localization within intercalated discs. A high-level positively-stained α-SMA and CD68 cells were prominently localized and distributed in interfibrillar spaces of the heart, implying the possible contributions of myofibroblasts and macrophages to both shortened APDs and abnormal electrical conduction in MetS hearts. Our data propose a previously unrecognized pathway for SQT induction in the heart. This pathway includes not only the contribution of short ventricular-APDs via ionic mechanisms but also increasing contributions of the electrotonic-cardiomyocyte depolarization, spontaneous electrical activity-associated fast heterogeneous impulse conduction in the heart via increased interactions and relocations between cardiomyocytes and nonmyocytes, which may be an explanation for the development of an SQT in early-cardiac-remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Billur
- Departments of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Yusuf Olgar
- Departments of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Aysegul Durak
- Departments of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ayse Hande Yozgat
- Departments of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Simge Unay
- Departments of Biophysics, Lokman Hekim University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Erkan Tuncay
- Departments of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Belma Turan
- Departments of Biophysics, Lokman Hekim University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
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14
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Li N, Wang L, Li L, Yang MZ, Wang QX, Bai XW, Gao F, Yuan YQ, Yu ZJ, Ren ZG. The correlation between gut microbiome and atrial fibrillation: pathophysiology and therapeutic perspectives. Mil Med Res 2023; 10:51. [PMID: 37936201 PMCID: PMC10629124 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-023-00489-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of gut microbiota and its impact on human health is the theme of intensive research. The incidence and prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) are continuously escalating as the global population ages and chronic disease survival rates increase; however, the mechanisms are not entirely clarified. It is gaining awareness that alterations in the assembly, structure, and dynamics of gut microbiota are intimately engaged in the AF progression. Owing to advancements in next-generation sequencing technologies and computational strategies, researchers can explore novel linkages with the genomes, transcriptomes, proteomes, and metabolomes through parallel meta-omics approaches, rendering a panoramic view of the culture-independent microbial investigation. In this review, we summarized the evidence for a bidirectional correlation between AF and the gut microbiome. Furthermore, we proposed the concept of "gut-immune-heart" axis and addressed the direct and indirect causal roots between the gut microbiome and AF. The intricate relationship was unveiled to generate innovative microbiota-based preventive and therapeutic interventions, which shed light on a definite direction for future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Meng-Zhao Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Qing-Xiang Wang
- Department of Blood Collection, Xuchang Blood Center, Xuchang, 461000, Henan, China
| | - Xi-Wen Bai
- Nanchang University Queen Marry School, Nanchang, 330036, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Yi-Qiang Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
| | - Zu-Jiang Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Zhi-Gang Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250000, China.
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15
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Kupusovic J, Weber M, Bruns F, Kessler L, Pesch E, Bohnen J, Dobrev D, Rassaf T, Wakili R, Rischpler C, Siebermair J. PET/CT-identified atrial hypermetabolism is an index of atrial inflammation in patients with atrial fibrillation. J Nucl Cardiol 2023; 30:1761-1772. [PMID: 37592057 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-023-03248-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although atrial inflammation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation (AF), the identification of atrial inflammation remains challenging. We aimed to establish a positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) protocol with 18Fluor-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) for the detection of atrial hypermetabolism as surrogate for inflammation in AF. METHODS We included n = 75 AF and n = 75 non-AF patients undergoing three common PET/CT protocols (n = 25 per group) optimized for the detection of (a) inflammation and (b) malignancy in predefined fasting protocols, and (c) cardiac viability allowing for maximized glucose uptake. 18F-FDG-uptake was analyzed in predefined loci. RESULTS Differences of visual atrial uptake in AF vs non-AF patients were observed in fasting (inflammation [13/25 vs 0/25] and malignancy [10/25 vs 0/25]) protocols while viability protocols showed non-specific uptake in both the groups. In the inflammation protocol, AF patients showed higher uptake in the right atrium [(SUVmax: 2.5 ± .7 vs 2.0 ± .7, P = .01), atrial appendage (SUVmax: 2.4 ± .7 vs 2.0 ± .6, P = .03), and epicardial adipose tissue (SUVmax: 1.4 ± .5 vs 1.1 ± .4, P = .04)]. Malignancy and viability protocols failed to differentiate between AF and non-AF. CONCLUSION Glucose uptake suppression protocols appear suitable in detecting differential atrial 18F-FDG uptake between AF and non-AF patients. Imaging-based assessment of inflammation might help to stratify AF patients offering individualized therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kupusovic
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M Weber
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - F Bruns
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - L Kessler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - E Pesch
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - J Bohnen
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - D Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - T Rassaf
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - R Wakili
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147, Essen, Germany.
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Rhine/Main, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - C Rischpler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Siebermair
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Krankenhaus Göttlicher Heiland GmbH, Vienna, Austria
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16
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Notsu T, Kurata Y, Ninomiya H, Taufiq F, Komatsu K, Miake J, Sawano T, Tsuneto M, Shirayoshi Y, Hisatome I. Inhibition of the uric acid efflux transporter ABCG2 enhances stimulating effect of soluble uric acid on IL-1β production in murine macrophage-like J774.1 cells. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:2368-2377. [PMID: 37592041 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Soluble uric acid (UA) absorbed by cells through UA transporters (UATs) accumulates intracellularly, activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and thereby increases IL-1β secretion. ABCG2 transporter excludes intracellular UA. However, it remains unknown whether ABCG2 inhibition leads to intracellular accumulation of UA and increases IL-1β production. In this study, we examined whether genetic and pharmacological inhibition of ABCG2 could increase IL-1β production in mouse macrophage-like J774.1 cells especially under hyperuricemic conditions. We determined mRNA and protein levels of pro-IL-1β, mature IL-1β, caspase-1 and several UATs in culture supernatants and lysates of J774.1 cells with or without soluble UA pretreatment. Knockdown experiments using an shRNA against ABCG2 and pharmacological experiments with an ABCG2 inhibitor were conducted. Extracellularly applied soluble UA increased protein levels of pro-IL-1β, mature IL-1β and caspase-1 in the culture supernatant from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-primed and monosodium urate crystal (MSU)-stimulated J774.1 cells. J774.1 cells expressed UATs of ABCG2, GLUT9 and MRP4, and shRNA knockdown of ABCG2 increased protein levels of pro-IL-1β and mature IL-1β in the culture supernatant. Soluble UA increased mRNA and protein levels of ABCG2 in J774.1 cells without either LPS or MSU treatment. An ABCG2 inhibitor, febuxostat, but not a urate reabsorption inhibitor, dotinurad, enhanced IL-1β production in cells pretreated with soluble UA. In conclusion, genetic and pharmacological inhibition of ABCG2 enhanced IL-1β production especially under hyperuricemic conditions by increasing intracellularly accumulated soluble UA that activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and pro-IL-1β transcription in macrophage-like J774.1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Notsu
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kurata
- Department of Physiology II, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, 920-0293, Japan.
| | - Haruaki Ninomiya
- Department of Biological Regulation, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Fikri Taufiq
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Kota Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Koji Komatsu
- Department of Psychiatry disease, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Junichiro Miake
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pathophysiological and Therapeutic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sawano
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pathophysiological and Therapeutic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Motokazu Tsuneto
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Shirayoshi
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Ichiro Hisatome
- Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Yonago Medical Center, Yonago, Japan
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17
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Shi S, Mao X, Lv J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Shou X, Zhang B, Li Y, Wu H, Song Q, Hu Y. Qi-Po-Sheng-Mai granule ameliorates Ach-CaCl 2 -induced atrial fibrillation by regulating calcium homeostasis in cardiomyocytes. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:155017. [PMID: 37597360 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias encountered in clinical settings. Currently, the pathophysiology of AF remains unclear, which severely limits the effectiveness and safety of medical therapies. The Chinese herbal formula Qi-Po-Sheng-Mai Granule (QPSM) has been widely used in China to treat AF. However, its pharmacological and molecular mechanisms remain unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms and potential targets of QPSM for AF. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The AF model was induced by Ach (66 μg/ml) and CaCl2 (10 mg/kg), and the dose of 0.1 ml/100 g was injected into the tail vein for 5 weeks. QPSM was administered daily at doses of 4.42 and 8.84 g/kg, and amiodarone (0.18 g/kg) was used as the positive control. The effect of QPSM on AF was assessed by electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and histopathological analysis. Then, we employed network pharmacology with single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-Seq) to investigate the molecular mechanisms and potential targets of QPSM for AF. Furthermore, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used for component analysis of QPSM, and molecular docking was used to verify the potential targets. Using the IonOptix single cell contraction and ion synchronization test equipment, single myocyte length and calcium ion variations were observed in real time. The expression levels of calcium Transporter-related proteins were detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Based on an Ach-CaCl2-induced AF model, we found that QPSM treatment significantly reduced atrial electrical remodeling-related markers, such as AF inducibility and duration, and attenuated atrial dilation and fibrosis. Network pharmacology identified 52 active ingredients and 119 potential targets for QPSM in the treatment of AF, and 45 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were enriched, among which calcium pathway had the greatest impact. Using single nucleus sequencing (snRNA-seq), we identified cardiomyocytes as the most differentially expressed in response to drug treatment, with nine differentially expressed genes enriched in calcium signaling pathways. High performance liquid chromatography and molecular docking confirmed that the core components of QPSM strongly bind to the key factors in the calcium signaling pathway. Additional experiments have shown that QPSM increases calcium transients (CaT) and contractility in the individual cardiomyocyte. This was accomplished by increasing the expression of CACNA1C and SERCA2a and decreasing the expression of CAMK2B and NCX1. CONCLUSION The present study has systematically elucidated the role of QPSM in maintaining calcium homeostasis in cardiomyocytes through the regulation of calcium transporters, which could lead to new drug development ideas for AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqing Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange Street Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xinxin Mao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange Street Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jiayu Lv
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange Street Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yajiao Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange Street Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xintian Shou
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bingxuan Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange Street Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yumeng Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange Street Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Huaqin Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqiao Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange Street Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Yuanhui Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Zhong Z, Li X, Gao L, Wu X, Ye Y, Zhang X, Zeng Q, Zhou C, Lu X, Wei Y, Ding Y, Chen S, Zhou G, Xu J, Liu S. Long Non-coding RNA Involved in the Pathophysiology of Atrial Fibrillation. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023:10.1007/s10557-023-07491-8. [PMID: 37702834 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07491-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent and chronic cardiovascular disorder associated with various pathophysiological alterations, including atrial electrical and structural remodeling, disrupted calcium handling, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, aberrant energy metabolism, and immune dysregulation. Emerging evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of AF. OBJECTIVE This discussion aims to elucidate the involvement of AF-related lncRNAs, with a specific focus on their role as miRNA sponges that modulate crucial signaling pathways, contributing to the progression of AF. We also address current limitations in AF-related lncRNA research and explore potential future directions in this field. Additionally, we summarize feasible strategies and promising delivery systems for targeting lncRNAs in AF therapy. CONCLUSION In conclusion, targeting AF-related lncRNAs holds substantial promise for future investigations and represents a potential therapeutic avenue for managing AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikan Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xintao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Longzhe Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutong Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingye Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changzuan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songwen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Genqing Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shaowen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Simon-Chica A, Wülfers EM, Kohl P. Nonmyocytes as electrophysiological contributors to cardiac excitation and conduction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H475-H491. [PMID: 37417876 PMCID: PMC10538996 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00184.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Although cardiac action potential (AP) generation and propagation have traditionally been attributed exclusively to cardiomyocytes (CM), other cell types in the heart are also capable of forming electrically conducting junctions. Interactions between CM and nonmyocytes (NM) enable and modulate each other's activity. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of heterocellular electrical communication in the heart. Although cardiac fibroblasts were initially thought to be electrical insulators, recent studies have demonstrated that they form functional electrical connections with CM in situ. Other NM, such as macrophages, have also been recognized as contributing to cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmogenesis. Novel experimental tools have enabled the investigation of cell-specific activity patterns in native cardiac tissue, which is expected to yield exciting new insights into the development of novel or improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Simon-Chica
- Novel Arrhythmogenic Mechanisms Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eike M Wülfers
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Peter Kohl
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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20
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Fang D, Li Y, He B, Gu D, Zhang M, Guo J, Ren H, Li X, Zhang Z, Tang M, Li X, Yang D, Xu C, Hu Y, Wang H, Jose PA, Han Y, Zeng C. Gastrin attenuates sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction by down-regulation of TLR4 expression in macrophages. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:3756-3769. [PMID: 37719375 PMCID: PMC10502292 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial dysfunction is the most serious complication of sepsis. Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SMD) is often associated with gastrointestinal dysfunction, but its pathophysiological significance remains unclear. The present study found that patients with SMD had higher plasma gastrin concentrations than those without SMD. In mice, knockdown of the gastrin receptor, cholecystokinin B receptor (Cckbr), aggravated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiac dysfunction and increased inflammation in the heart, whereas the intravenous administration of gastrin ameliorated SMD and cardiac injury. Macrophage infiltration plays a significant role in SMD because depletion of macrophages by the intravenous injection of clodronate liposomes, 48 h prior to LPS administration, alleviated LPS-induced cardiac injury in Cckbr-deficient mice. The intravenous injection of bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) overexpressing Cckbr reduced LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction. Furthermore, gastrin treatment inhibited toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression through the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR-α) signaling pathway in BMMs. Thus, our findings provide insights into the mechanism of the protective role of gastrin/CCKBR in SMD, which could be used to develop new treatment modalities for SMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandong Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400010, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Bo He
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Daqian Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Jingwen Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Hongmei Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Ziyue Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Ming Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Xingbing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Donghai Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Chunmei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Yijie Hu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Hongyong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Pedro A. Jose
- Division of Renal Disease & Hypertension, the George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20237, USA
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400010, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
- Cardiovascular Research Center of Chongqing College, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chongqing 400010, China
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21
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Yang P, Chen Z, Huang W, Zhang J, Zou L, Wang H. Communications between macrophages and cardiomyocytes. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:206. [PMID: 37587464 PMCID: PMC10428630 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01202-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body and is one of the most vital organs in human body. While cardiomyocytes are essential for maintaining the normal function of the heart, a variety of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery occlusion, arrhythmia, and myocarditis can lead to cardiomyocyte death, resulting in deterioration of heart function. The adult mammalian heart is incapable of regenerating sufficient cardiomyocytes following cardiac injuries, eventually leading to heart failure and death. Cardiac macrophages are ubiquitously distributed in the healthy heart and accumulated at the site of injury. Macrophages play essential roles in regulating homeostasis and proliferation of cardiomyocyte, promoting electrical conduction, and removing dead cardiomyocytes and debris through direct and indirect cell-cell crosstalk. In this review, we summarize the latest insights into the role of macrophages in maintaining cardiac homeostasis and the macrophage-cardiomyocyte crosstalk in both healthy and injured scenarios. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziwei Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Lihui Zou
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China.
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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22
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Hu D, Barajas-Martinez H, Zhang ZH, Duan HY, Zhao QY, Bao MW, Du YM, Burashnikov A, Monasky MM, Pappone C, Huang CX, Antzelevitch C, Jiang H. Advances in basic and translational research in atrial fibrillation. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220174. [PMID: 37122214 PMCID: PMC10150218 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a very common cardiac arrhythmia with an estimated prevalence of 33.5 million patients globally. It is associated with an increased risk of death, stroke and peripheral embolism. Although genetic studies have identified a growing number of genes associated with AF, the definitive impact of these genetic findings is yet to be established. Several mechanisms, including electrical, structural and neural remodelling of atrial tissue, have been proposed to contribute to the development of AF. Despite over a century of exploration, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying AF have not been fully established. Current antiarrhythmic drugs are associated with a significant rate of adverse events and management of AF using ablation is not optimal, especially in cases of persistent AF. This review discusses recent advances in our understanding and management of AF, including new concepts of epidemiology, genetics and pathophysiological mechanisms. We review the current status of antiarrhythmic drug therapy for AF, new potential agents, as well as mechanism-based AF ablation. This article is part of the theme issue 'The heartbeat: its molecular basis and physiological mechanisms'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hector Barajas-Martinez
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, and Lankenau Heart Institute, Wynnwood, PA 19096, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zhong-He Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yi Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Yan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Wei Bao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Mei Du
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Alexander Burashnikov
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, and Lankenau Heart Institute, Wynnwood, PA 19096, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michelle M. Monasky
- Arrhythmology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan 20097, Italy
| | - Carlo Pappone
- Arrhythmology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan 20097, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, Milan 20097, Italy
| | - Cong-Xin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Charles Antzelevitch
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, and Lankenau Heart Institute, Wynnwood, PA 19096, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
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23
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Zang X, Zhao Z, Chen K, Song W, Ma J, Fu H, Wang X, Zhao Y. SHP-1 alleviates atrial fibrosis in atrial fibrillation by modulating STAT3 activation. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:979-990. [PMID: 37226737 PMCID: PMC10525403 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231165717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) has a well-established role in myocardial infarction, yet its involvement in atrial fibrosis and atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been elucidated. As cardiac arrhythmias caused by AF are a major global health concern, we investigated whether SHP-1 modulates AF development. The degree of atrial fibrosis was examined using Masson's trichrome staining, and SHP-1 expression in the human atrium was assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and western blotting (WB). We also examined SHP-1 expression in cardiac tissue from an AF mouse model, as well as in angiotensin II (Ang II)-treated mouse atrial myocytes and fibroblasts. We found that SHP-1 expression was reduced with the aggravation of atrial fibrosis in clinical samples of patients with AF. SHP-1 was also downregulated in the heart tissue of AF mice and Ang II-treated myocytes and fibroblasts, compared with that in the control groups. Next, we demonstrated that SHP-1 overexpression alleviated AF severity in mice by injecting a lentiviral vector into the pericardial space. In Ang II-treated myocytes and fibroblasts, we observed excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (SMAD2) pathway activation, all of which were counteracted by the overexpression of SHP-1. Our WB data showed that STAT3 activation was inversely correlated with SHP-1 expression in samples from patients with AF, AF mice, and Ang II-treated cells. Furthermore, administration of colivelin, a STAT3 agonist, in SHP-1-overexpressing, Ang II-treated myocytes and fibroblasts resulted in higher levels of ECM deposition, ROS generation, and TGF-β1/SMAD2 activation. These findings indicate that SHP-1 regulates AF fibrosis progression by modulating STAT3 activation and is thus a potential treatment target for atrial fibrosis and AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobiao Zang
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 451460, China
| | - Zhihan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 451460, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 451460, China
| | - Weifeng Song
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 451460, China
| | - Jifang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 451460, China
| | - Haixia Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 451460, China
| | - Xianqing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 451460, China
| | - Yonghui Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 451460, China
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Guo R, Fan C, Sun Z, Zhang H, Sun Y, Song L, Jiang Z, Liu L. Clinical efficacy and safety of Cox-maze IV procedure for atrial fibrillation in patients with aortic valve calcification. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1092068. [PMID: 37077739 PMCID: PMC10106572 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1092068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveAtrial fibrillation is associated with a high incidence of heart valve disease. There are few prospective clinical research comparing aortic valve replacement with and without surgical ablation for safety and effectiveness. The purpose of this study was to compare the results of aortic valve replacement with and without the Cox-maze IV procedure in patients with calcific aortic valvular disease and atrial fibrillation.MethodsWe analyzed one hundred and eight patients with calcific aortic valve disease and atrial fibrillation who underwent aortic valve replacement. Patients were divided into concomitant Cox maze surgery (Cox-maze group) and no concomitant Cox-maze operation (no Cox-maze group). After surgery, freedom from atrial fibrillation recurrence and all-cause mortality were evaluated.ResultsFreedom from all-cause mortality after aortic valve replacement at 1 year was 100% in the Cox-maze group and 89%, respectively, in the no Cox-maze group. No Cox-maze group had a lower rate of freedom from atrial fibrillation recurrence and arrhythmia control than those in the Cox-maze group (P = 0.003 and P = 0.012, respectively). Pre-operatively higher systolic blood pressure (hazard ratio, 1.096; 95% CI, 1.004–1.196; P = 0.04) and post-operatively increased right atrium diameters (hazard ratio, 1.755; 95% CI, 1.182–2.604; P = 0.005) were associated with atrial fibrillation recurrence.ConclusionThe Cox-maze IV surgery combined with aortic valve replacement increased mid-term survival and decreased mid-term atrial fibrillation recurrence in patients with calcific aortic valve disease and atrial fibrillation. Pre-operatively higher systolic blood pressure and post-operatively increased right atrium diameters are associated with the prediction of recurrence of atrial fibrillation.
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Gomez SE, Parizo J, Ermakov S, Larson J, Wallace R, Assimes T, Hlatky M, Stefanick M, Perez MV. Evaluation of the association between circulating IL-1β and other inflammatory cytokines and incident atrial fibrillation in a cohort of postmenopausal women. Am Heart J 2023; 258:157-167. [PMID: 36646198 PMCID: PMC10023332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2023.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory cytokines play a role in atrial fibrillation (AF). Interleukin (IL)-1β, which is targeted in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, has not been well-studied in relation to AF. METHODS Postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative were included. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the association between log-transformed baseline cytokine levels and future AF incidence. Models were adjusted for body mass index, age, race, education, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, current smoking, and history of coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, or peripheral artery disease. RESULTS Of 16,729 women, 3,943 developed AF over an average of 8.5 years. Racial and ethnic groups included White (77.4%), Black/African-American (16.1%), Asian (2.7%), American Indian/Alaska Native (1.0%), and Hispanic (5.5%). Baseline IL-1β log continuous levels were not significantly associated with incident AF (HR 0.86 per 1 log [pg/mL] increase, P= .24), similar to those of other inflammatory cytokines, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IGF-1, and TNF-α. There were significant associations between C-reactive protein (CRP) and IL-6 with incident AF. CONCLUSIONS In this large cohort of postmenopausal women, there was no significant association between IL-1β and incident AF, although downstream effectors, CRP and IL-6, were associated with incident AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia E Gomez
- Department of Medicine, Stanford, University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Justin Parizo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford, University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Simon Ermakov
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Robert Wallace
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Themistocles Assimes
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford, University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Mark Hlatky
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford, University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Marcia Stefanick
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Marco V Perez
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford, University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.
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Sun Z, Lin J, Zhang T, Sun X, Wang T, Duan J, Yao K. Combining bioinformatics and machine learning to identify common mechanisms and biomarkers of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and atrial fibrillation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1121102. [PMID: 37057099 PMCID: PMC10086368 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1121102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often present with atrial fibrillation (AF), but the common pathophysiological mechanisms between the two are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the common biological mechanisms of COPD and AF and to search for important biomarkers through bioinformatic analysis of public RNA sequencing databases.MethodsFour datasets of COPD and AF were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The overlapping genes common to both diseases were screened by WGCNA analysis, followed by protein-protein interaction network construction and functional enrichment analysis to elucidate the common mechanisms of COPD and AF. Machine learning algorithms were also used to identify key biomarkers. Co-expression analysis, “transcription factor (TF)-mRNA-microRNA (miRNA)” regulatory networks and drug prediction were performed for key biomarkers. Finally, immune cell infiltration analysis was performed to evaluate further the immune cell changes in the COPD dataset and the correlation between key biomarkers and immune cells.ResultsA total of 133 overlapping genes for COPD and AF were obtained, and the enrichment was mainly focused on pathways associated with the inflammatory immune response. A key biomarker, cyclin dependent kinase 8 (CDK8), was identified through screening by machine learning algorithms and validated in the validation dataset. Twenty potential drugs capable of targeting CDK8 were obtained. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed the presence of multiple immune cell dysregulation in COPD. Correlation analysis showed that CDK8 expression was significantly associated with CD8+ T cells, resting dendritic cell, macrophage M2, and monocytes.ConclusionsThis study highlights the role of the inflammatory immune response in COPD combined with AF. The prominent link between CDK8 and the inflammatory immune response and its characteristic of not affecting the basal expression level of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) make it a possible promising therapeutic target for COPD combined with AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Sun
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Lin
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianya Zhang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoning Sun
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianlin Wang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlong Duan
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kuiwu Yao
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Eye Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Correspondence: Kuiwu Yao
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Zhang Z, Tian T, Pan N, Wang Y, Peng M, Zhao X, Pan Z, Wan C. Microprotein Dysregulation in the Serum of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:1172-1180. [PMID: 36924315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The incidence rate of atrial fibrillation (AF) has stayed at a high level in recent years. Despite the intensive efforts to study the pathologic changes of AF, the molecular mechanism of disease development remains unclarified. Microproteins are ribosomally translated gene products from small open reading frames (sORFs) and are found to play crucial biological functions, while remain rare attention and indistinct in AF study. In this work, we recruited 65 AF patients and 65 healthy subjects for microproteomic profiling. By differential analysis and cross-validation between independent datasets, a total of 4 microproteins were identified as significantly different, including 3 annotated ones and 1 novel one. Additionally, we established a diagnostic model with either microproteins or global proteins by machine learning methods and found the model with microproteins achieved comparable and excellent performance as that with global proteins. Our results confirmed the abnormal expression of microproteins in AF and may provide new perspectives on the mechanism study of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education; State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ni Pan
- School of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingbo Peng
- School of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinbo Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education; State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenwei Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education; State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuihong Wan
- School of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People's Republic of China
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Dobrev D, Heijman J, Hiram R, Li N, Nattel S. Inflammatory signalling in atrial cardiomyocytes: a novel unifying principle in atrial fibrillation pathophysiology. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:145-167. [PMID: 36109633 PMCID: PMC9477170 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00759-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation has been implicated in atrial fibrillation (AF), a very common and clinically significant cardiac rhythm disturbance, but its precise role remains poorly understood. Work performed over the past 5 years suggests that atrial cardiomyocytes have inflammatory signalling machinery - in particular, components of the NLRP3 (NACHT-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome - that is activated in animal models and patients with AF. Furthermore, work in animal models suggests that NLRP3 inflammasome activation in atrial cardiomyocytes might be a sufficient and necessary condition for AF occurrence. In this Review, we evaluate the evidence for the role and pathophysiological significance of cardiomyocyte NLRP3 signalling in AF. We first summarize the evidence for a role of inflammation in AF and review the biochemical properties of the NLRP3 inflammasome, as defined primarily in studies of classic inflammation. We then briefly consider the broader evidence for a role of inflammatory signalling in heart disease, particularly conditions that predispose individuals to develop AF. We provide a detailed discussion of the available information about atrial cardiomyocyte NLRP3 inflammasome signalling in AF and related conditions and evaluate the possibility that similar signalling might be important in non-myocyte cardiac cells. We then review the evidence on the role of active resolution of inflammation and its potential importance in suppressing AF-related inflammatory signalling. Finally, we consider the therapeutic potential and broader implications of this new knowledge and highlight crucial questions to be addressed in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jordi Heijman
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Roddy Hiram
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Na Li
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
- IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Inceu AI, Neag MA, Craciun AE, Buzoianu AD. Gut Molecules in Cardiometabolic Diseases: The Mechanisms behind the Story. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043385. [PMID: 36834796 PMCID: PMC9965280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diabetes mellitus increases cardiovascular risk. Heart failure and atrial fibrillation are associated comorbidities that share the main cardiovascular risk factors. The use of incretin-based therapies promoted the idea that activation of alternative signaling pathways is effective in reducing the risk of atherosclerosis and heart failure. Gut-derived molecules, gut hormones, and gut microbiota metabolites showed both positive and detrimental effects in cardiometabolic disorders. Although inflammation plays a key role in cardiometabolic disorders, additional intracellular signaling pathways are involved and could explain the observed effects. Revealing the involved molecular mechanisms could provide novel therapeutic strategies and a better understanding of the relationship between the gut, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea-Ioana Inceu
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria-Adriana Neag
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Anca-Elena Craciun
- Department of Diabetes, and Nutrition Diseases, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca-Dana Buzoianu
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Fir(e)ing the Rhythm. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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Jawale D, Khandibharad S, Singh S. Decoding systems immunological model of sphingolipids with IL-6/IL-17/IL-23 axes in L. major infection. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159261. [PMID: 36494028 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
IL-6, IL-17, IL-23 and IL-1β are the crucial cytokines controlling inflammatory and immune response during L. major infection. During cutaneous leishmaniasis, an important T helper cell type CD4+ Th17 subset plays a deterministic role in lesion formation through channelling infected macrophages and production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23 and IFN-γ. Ceramide derived sphingosine precursors may assist in pro-inflammatory cytokine response. However, the role of these metabolites in inflammation with pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokines in L. major infection is unknown. The present study indicates IL-6/IL-17/IL-23 and SPHK1-S1P-S1PRs signaling axes with the overexpression of SATB1 aiding in disease progression. Targeting SATB1 might modulate the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and abnormal immune functioning, thereby killing the intracellular parasite. Systems immunological methods assisted in a step towards identifying the key to the mystery of crucial components and serving as an approach for therapeutic intervention in L. major infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Jawale
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Ganeshkhind, SP Pune University Campus, Pune 411007, India
| | - Shweta Khandibharad
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Ganeshkhind, SP Pune University Campus, Pune 411007, India
| | - Shailza Singh
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Ganeshkhind, SP Pune University Campus, Pune 411007, India.
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Liu D, Chen H, Fu Y, Yao Y, He S, Wang Y, Cao Z, Wang X, Yang M, Zhao Q. KCa3.1 Promotes Proinflammatory Exosome Secretion by Activating AKT/Rab27a in Atrial Myocytes during Rapid Pacing. Cardiovasc Ther 2023; 2023:3939360. [PMID: 37035755 PMCID: PMC10079387 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3939360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the medium-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (KCNN4, KCa3.1) in the secretion of proinflammatory exosomes by atrial myocytes. Methods Eighteen beagles were randomly divided into the sham group (n = 6), pacing group (n = 6), and pacing+TRAM-34 group (n = 6). Electrophysiological data, such as the effective refractory period, atrial fibrillation (AF) induction, and AF duration, were collected by programmed stimulation. Atrial tissues were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, and immunofluorescence staining. The expression of KCa3.1 and Rab27a was assessed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The downstream signaling pathways involved in KCa3.1 were examined by rapid pacing or overexpressing KCNN4 in HL-1 cells. Results Atrial rapid pacing significantly induced electrical remodeling, inflammation, fibrosis, and exosome secretion in the canine atrium, while TRAM-34 (KCa3.1 blocker) inhibited these changes. Compared with those in control HL-1 cells, the levels of exosome markers and inflammatory factors were increased in pacing HL-1 cells. Furthermore, the levels of CD68 and iNOS in macrophages incubated with exosomes derived from HL-1 cells were higher in the pacing-exo group than in the control group. More importantly, KCa3.1 regulated exosome secretion through the AKT/Rab27a signaling pathway. Similarly, inhibiting the downstream signaling pathway of KCa3.1 significantly inhibited exosome secretion. Conclusions KCa3.1 promotes proinflammatory exosome secretion through the AKT/Rab27a signaling pathway. Inhibiting the KCa3.1/AKT/Rab27a signaling pathway reduces myocardial tissue structural remodeling in AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dishiwen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Huiyu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yuntao Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yajun Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Shanqing He
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Youcheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhen Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xuewen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qingyan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
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Wang J, Li J, Yang Z, Chen Y, Shen H, Chen L, Chen Y, Shen Z. The Characteristic of Resident Macrophages and their Therapeutic Potential for Myocardial Infarction. Curr Probl Cardiol 2022; 48:101570. [PMID: 36584729 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Resident macrophages (R-mac) are a subset of macrophages with self-renewal functions, which play a pivotal role in the homeostasis, inflammation, injury, and repair of the heart. In this paper, we summarize the knowledge related to cardiac R-mac and describe their dominating functions in myocardial infarction, such as inhibiting fibrosis and adverse remodeling, promoting revascularization and improving arrhythmia, etc. In the last, we sketch out the extended application of R-mac in tissue engineering, providing a novel direction of research and application for the therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ziying Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yihuan Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Han Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yueqiu Chen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Zhenya Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Wang J, Hu S, Liang C, Ling Y. The association between systemic inflammatory response index and new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction treated with percutaneous coronary intervention. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:525. [PMID: 36474135 PMCID: PMC9724303 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02989-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) complicating with ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with worse prognosis. The systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), serves as a novel inflammatory indicator, is found to be predictive of adverse outcomes. The aim of this study is to explore the association between NOAF and SIRI. METHODS A retrospective data included 616 STEMI participants treated with PCI in our cardiology department had been analyzed in present investigation, of which being divided into a NOAF or sinus rhythm (SR) group based on the presence or absence of atrial fibrillation. The predictive role of SIRI for in detecting NOAF had been evaluated by the logistic regression analyses and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Additionally, long-term all-cause mortality between both groups was compared using the Kaplan-Meier test. RESULTS NOAF during hospitalization developed in 7.6% of PCI-treated individuals. After multivariate regression analyses, SIRI remains to be an independently predictor of NOAF (odds ratio 1.782, 95% confidence interval 1.675-1.906, P = 0.001). In the ROC curve analysis, SIRI with a cut-off value of 4.86 was calculated to predict NOAF, with 4.86, with a sensitivity of 80.85% and a specificity of 75.57%, respectively (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.826, P < 0.001). Furthermore, pairwise compassion of ROC curves displayed the superiority of SIRI in the prediction of NOAF in comparison with that of neutrophil/lymphocyte or monocyte/lymphocyte (P < 0.05). In addition, the participants in NOAF group had a significantly higher incidence of all-cause death compared to those in SR group after a median of 40-month follow-up (22.0% vs 5.8%, log-rank P < 0.001). CONCLUSION SIRI can independently predict NOAF in patients with STEMI after PCI, with being positively correlated to worsened outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfeng Wang
- grid.443626.10000 0004 1798 4069Department of Cardiology, Yijishan Hospital Affiliated to Wannan Medical College, 2# West Zhe Shan Road, Wuhu, 241000 China
| | - Sisi Hu
- grid.443626.10000 0004 1798 4069Department of Cardiology, Yijishan Hospital Affiliated to Wannan Medical College, 2# West Zhe Shan Road, Wuhu, 241000 China
| | - Cheng Liang
- grid.443626.10000 0004 1798 4069Department of Cardiology, Yijishan Hospital Affiliated to Wannan Medical College, 2# West Zhe Shan Road, Wuhu, 241000 China
| | - Yang Ling
- grid.443626.10000 0004 1798 4069Department of Cardiology, Yijishan Hospital Affiliated to Wannan Medical College, 2# West Zhe Shan Road, Wuhu, 241000 China
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Kong B, Fu H, Xiao Z, Zhou Y, Shuai W, Huang H. Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis Induced by a High-Fat Diet Increases Susceptibility to Atrial Fibrillation. Can J Cardiol 2022; 38:1962-1975. [PMID: 36084771 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.08.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a significant risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF), and the gut microbiota is closely related to obesity-induced diseases. However, whether the gut microbiota is involved in regulating obesity-induced AF has not been studied. This study investigated whether gut microbiota dysbiosis affects obesity-related AF. METHODS Fecal microbes derived from normal diet (ND)-fed and high-fat diet (HD)-fed mice were transplanted into those fed normally. Morphologic, biochemical, functional, histologic, electrophysiological studies, molecular analysis, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and RNA-sequencing were performed. RESULTS Transplantation of the HD gut microbes in ND-maintained (THD) mice led to a significant increase in the susceptibility to AF. Gut microbiota analysis showed a significant increase in Desulfovibrionaceae, which generated metabolic endotoxemia in THD mice. Transplantation with HD microbes also resulted in significantly increased levels of circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS), significant disruption in the histologic architecture of the intestinal tissue, and significantly increased proinflammatory cytokines in the left atrium, indicating that atrial inflammation likely contributed to AF susceptibility. RNA-sequencing showed that the THD group had enhanced activation of ferroptosis and TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome signalling pathway. Inhibiting the ferroptosis or NLRP3 inflammasome signalling pathway significantly improved atrial fibrosis and reduced susceptibility to obesity-related gut dysbiosis-induced AF. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence showing an original causal role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of obesity-related AF, which showed elevated LPS and dysregulation of atrial pathologic remodelling by activating ferroptosis and the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Kong
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. of China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. of China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. of China
| | - Hui Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. of China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. of China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. of China
| | - Zheng Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. of China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. of China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. of China
| | - Yanxiang Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound Imaging, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. of China
| | - Wei Shuai
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. of China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. of China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. of China.
| | - He Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. of China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. of China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. of China.
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Zhou Y, Wu Q, Ni G, Hong Y, Xiao S, Liu C, Yu Z. Immune-associated pivotal biomarkers identification and competing endogenous RNA network construction in post-operative atrial fibrillation by comprehensive bioinformatics and machine learning strategies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:974935. [PMID: 36341343 PMCID: PMC9630466 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.974935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia. Previous studies mainly focused on identifying potential diagnostic biomarkers and treatment strategies for AF, while few studies concentrated on post-operative AF (POAF), particularly using bioinformatics analysis and machine learning algorithms. Therefore, our study aimed to identify immune-associated genes and provide the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network for POAF. Methods Three GSE datasets were downloaded from the GEO database, and we used a variety of bioinformatics strategies and machine learning algorithms to discover candidate hub genes. These techniques included identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and circRNAs (DECs), building protein-protein interaction networks, selecting common genes, and filtering candidate hub genes via three machine learning algorithms. To assess the diagnostic value, we then created the nomogram and receiver operating curve (ROC). MiRNAs targeting DEGs and DECs were predicted using five tools and the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was built. Moreover, we performed the immune cell infiltration analysis to better elucidate the regulation of immune cells in POAF. Results We identified 234 DEGs (82 up-regulated and 152 down-regulated) of POAF via Limma, 75 node genes were visualized via PPI network, which were mainly enriched in immune regulation. 15 common genes were selected using three CytoHubba algorithms. Following machine learning selection, the nomogram was created based on the four candidate hub genes. The area under curve (AUC) of the nomogram and individual gene were all over 0.75, showing the ideal diagnostic value. The dysregulation of macrophages may be critical in POAF pathogenesis. A novel circ_0007738 was discovered in POAF and the ceRNA network was eventually built. Conclusion We identified four immune-associated candidate hub genes (C1QA, C1R, MET, and SDC4) for POAF diagnosis through the creation of a nomogram and evaluation of its diagnostic value. The modulation of macrophages and the ceRNA network may represent further therapy methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianyun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gehui Ni
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulu Hong
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shengjue Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunjiang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University), Shaoxing, China
| | - Zongliang Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zongliang Yu,
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Jiang F, Zhang W, Lu H, Tan M, Zeng Z, Song Y, Ke X, Lin F. Prediction of herbal medicines based on immune cell infiltration and immune- and ferroptosis-related gene expression levels to treat valvular atrial fibrillation. Front Genet 2022; 13:886860. [PMID: 36246656 PMCID: PMC9554472 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.886860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory immune response is apparently one of the determinants of progressive exacerbation of valvular atrial fibrillation(VAF). Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent modality of regulated cell death, is involved in the immune regulation of cardiovascular disease. However, the relevant regulatory mechanisms of immune infiltration and ferroptosis in VAF have been less studied. In the current study, a highly efficient system for screening immunity- and ferroptosis-related biomarkers and immunomodulatory ability of herbal ingredients has been developed with the integration of intelligent data acquisition, data mining, network pharmacology, and computer-assisted target fishing. VAF patients showed higher infiltration of neutrophils and resting stage dendritic cells, while VSR patients showed higher infiltration of follicular helper T cells. In addition, six (e.g., PCSK2) and 47 (e.g., TGFBR1) ImmDEGs and one (SLC38A1) and four (TGFBR1, HMGB1, CAV1, and CD44) FerDEGs were highly expressed in patients with valvular sinus rhythm (VSR) and VAF, respectively. We further identified a core subnetwork containing 34 hub genes, which were intersected with ImmDEGs and FerDEGs to obtain the key gene TGFBR1. Based on TGFBR1, 14 herbs (e.g., Fructus zizyphi jujubae, Semen Juglandis, and Polygonum cuspidatum) and six herbal ingredients (curcumin, curcumine, D-glucose, hexose, oleovitamin A, and resveratrol) were predicted. Finally, TGFBR1 was found to dock well with curcumin and resveratrol, and it was further verified that curcumin and resveratrol could significantly reduce myocardial fibrosis. We believe that herbs rich in curcumin and resveratrol such as Rhizoma curcumae longae and Curcuma kwangsiensis, mitigate myocardial fibrosis to improve VAF by modulating the TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway. This strategy provides a prospective approach systemically characterizing phenotype-target-herbs relationships based on the tissue-specific biological functions in VAF and brings us new insights into the searching lead compounds from Chinese herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- Cardiology Department, Affiliated Baoan TCM Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Cardiology Department, Affiliated Baoan TCM Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongdan Lu
- Cardiology Department, Affiliated Baoan TCM Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meiling Tan
- Wenhua Community Health Service Center, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhicong Zeng
- Cardiology Department, Affiliated Baoan TCM Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yinzhi Song
- Cardiology Department, Affiliated Baoan TCM Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao Ke
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen(Shenzhen Sun Yat-sen Cardiovascular Hospital), Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Fengxia Lin, ; Xiao Ke,
| | - Fengxia Lin
- Cardiology Department, Affiliated Baoan TCM Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Fengxia Lin, ; Xiao Ke,
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The Complex Relation between Atrial Cardiomyopathy and Thrombogenesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11192963. [PMID: 36230924 PMCID: PMC9563762 DOI: 10.3390/cells11192963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart disease, as well as systemic metabolic alterations, can leave a ‘fingerprint’ of structural and functional changes in the atrial myocardium, leading to the onset of atrial cardiomyopathy. As demonstrated in various animal models, some of these changes, such as fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fatty infiltration, can increase vulnerability to atrial fibrillation (AF), the most relevant manifestation of atrial cardiomyopathy in clinical practice. Atrial cardiomyopathy accompanying AF is associated with thromboembolic events, such as stroke. The interaction between AF and stroke appears to be far more complicated than initially believed. AF and stroke share many risk factors whose underlying pathological processes can reinforce the development and progression of both cardiovascular conditions. In this review, we summarize the main mechanisms by which atrial cardiomyopathy, preceding AF, supports thrombogenic events within the atrial cavity and myocardial interstitial space. Moreover, we report the pleiotropic effects of activated coagulation factors on atrial remodeling, which may aggravate atrial cardiomyopathy. Finally, we address the complex association between AF and stroke, which can be explained by a multidirectional causal relation between atrial cardiomyopathy and hypercoagulability.
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Human macrophages directly modulate iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes at healthy state and congenital arrhythmia model in vitro. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:1295-1310. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02743-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Cornelius VA, Naderi-Meshkin H, Kelaini S, Margariti A. RNA-Binding Proteins: Emerging Therapeutics for Vascular Dysfunction. Cells 2022; 11:2494. [PMID: 36010571 PMCID: PMC9407011 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular diseases account for a significant number of deaths worldwide, with cardiovascular diseases remaining the leading cause of mortality. This ongoing, ever-increasing burden has made the need for an effective treatment strategy a global priority. Recent advances in regenerative medicine, largely the derivation and use of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technologies as disease models, have provided powerful tools to study the different cell types that comprise the vascular system, allowing for a greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind vascular health. iPSC disease models consequently offer an exciting strategy to deepen our understanding of disease as well as develop new therapeutic avenues with clinical translation. Both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms are widely accepted to have fundamental roles in orchestrating responses to vascular damage. Recently, iPSC technologies have increased our understanding of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in controlling gene expression and cellular functions, providing an insight into the onset and progression of vascular dysfunction. Revelations of such roles within vascular disease states have therefore allowed for a greater clarification of disease mechanisms, aiding the development of novel therapeutic interventions. Here, we discuss newly discovered roles of RBPs within the cardio-vasculature aided by iPSC technologies, as well as examine their therapeutic potential, with a particular focus on the Quaking family of isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andriana Margariti
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
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Luo Y, Zhang Y, Han X, Yuan Y, Zhou Y, Gao Y, Yu H, Zhang J, Shi Y, Duan Y, Zhao X, Yan S, Hao H, Dai C, Zhao S, Shi J, Li W, Zhang S, Xu W, Fang N, Gong Y, Li Y. Akkermansia muciniphila prevents cold-related atrial fibrillation in rats by modulation of TMAO induced cardiac pyroptosis. EBioMedicine 2022; 82:104087. [PMID: 35797768 PMCID: PMC9270211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cold exposure is one of the most important risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF), and closely related to the poor prognosis of AF patients. However, the mechanisms underlying cold-related AF are poorly understood. Methods Various techniques including 16S rRNA gene sequencing, fecal microbiota transplantation, and electrophysiological examination were used to determine whether gut microbiota dysbiosis promotes cold-related AF. Metabonomics were performed to investigate changes in fecal trimethylamine (TMA) and plasma trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) during cold exposure. The detailed mechanism underlying cold-related AF were examined in vitro. Transgenic mice were constructed to explore the role of pyroptosis in cold-related AF. The human cohort was used to evaluate the correlation between A. muciniphila and cold-related AF. Findings We found that cold exposure caused elevated susceptibility to AF and reduced abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) in rats. Intriguingly, oral supplementation of A. muciniphila ameliorated the pro-AF property induced by cold exposure. Mechanistically, cold exposure disrupted the A. muciniphila, by which elevated the level of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) through modulation of the microbial enzymes involved in trimethylamine (TMA) synthesis. Correspondingly, progressively increased plasma TMAO levels were validated in human subjects during cold weather. Raised TMAO enhanced the infiltration of M1 macrophages in atria and increased the expression of Casp1-p20 and cleaved-GSDMD, ultimately causing atrial structural remodeling. Furthermore, the mice with conditional deletion of caspase1 exhibited resistance to cold-related AF. More importantly, a cross-sectional clinical study revealed that the reduction of A. muciniphila abundance was an independent risk factor for cold-related AF in human subjects. Interpretation Our findings revealed a novel causal role of aberrant gut microbiota and metabolites in pathogenesis of cold-related AF, which raises the possibility of selectively targeting microbiota and microbial metabolites as a potential therapeutic strategy for cold-related AF. Funding This work was supported by grants from the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81830012), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.82070336, No.81974024), Youth Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81900374, No.81900302), and Excellent Young Medical Talents supporting project in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (No. HYD2020YQ0001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Luo
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; Microbiome Medicine Center, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuejie Han
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yunlong Gao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yiya Shi
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Duan
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xinbo Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Sen Yan
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hongting Hao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chenguang Dai
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shiqi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Wenpeng Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ning Fang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yongtai Gong
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Translation, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiac Diseases and Heart Failure, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder & Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin 150081, China.
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Yao Y, Yang M, Liu D, Zhao Q. Immune remodeling and atrial fibrillation. Front Physiol 2022; 13:927221. [PMID: 35936905 PMCID: PMC9355726 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.927221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a highly prevalent arrhythmia that causes high morbidity and mortality. However, the underlying mechanism of AF has not been fully elucidated. Recent research has suggested that, during AF, the immune system changes considerably and interacts with the environment and cells involved in the initiation and maintenance of AF. This may provide a new direction for research and therapeutic strategies for AF. In this review, we elaborate the concept of immune remodeling based on available data in AF. Then, we highlight the complex relationships between immune remodeling and atrial electrical, structural and neural remodeling while also pointing out some research gaps in these field. Finally, we discuss several potential immunomodulatory treatments for AF. Although the heterogeneity of existing evidence makes it ambiguous to extrapolate immunomodulatory treatments for AF into the clinical practice, immune remodeling is still an evolving concept in AF pathophysiology and further studies within this field are likely to provide effective therapies for AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dishiwen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingyan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Qingyan Zhao,
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Li P, Kurata Y, Taufiq F, Kuwabara M, Ninomiya H, Higaki K, Tsuneto M, Shirayoshi Y, Lanaspa MA, Hisatome I. Kv1.5 channel mediates monosodium urate-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages and arrhythmogenic effects of urate on cardiomyocytes. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:5939-5952. [PMID: 35368226 PMCID: PMC9270276 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07378-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gout is usually found in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). K+ efflux is a common trigger of NLRP3 inflammasome activation which is involved in the pathogenesis of AF. We investigated the role of the K+ channel Kv1.5 in monosodium urate crystal (MSU)-induced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and electrical remodeling in mouse and human macrophages J774.1 and THP-1, and mouse atrial myocytes HL-1. METHODS AND RESULTS Macrophages, primed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), were stimulated by MSU. HL-1 cells were incubated with the conditioned medium (CM) from MSU-stimulated macrophages. Western blot, ELISA and patch clamp were used. MSU induced caspase-1 expression in LPS-primed J774.1 cells and IL-1β secretion, suggesting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. A selective Kv1.5 inhibitor, diphenyl phosphine oxide-1 (DPO-1), and siRNAs against Kv1.5 suppressed the levels of caspase-1 and IL-1β. MSU reduced intracellular K+ concentration which was prevented by DPO-1 and siRNAs against Kv1.5. MSU increased expression of Hsp70, and Kv1.5 on the plasma membrane. siRNAs against Hsp70 were suppressed but heat shock increased the expression of Hsp70, caspase-1, IL-1β, and Kv1.5 in MSU-stimulated J774.1 cells. The CM from MSU-stimulated macrophages enhanced the expression of caspase-1, IL-1β and Kv1.5 with increased Kv1.5-mediated currents that shortened action potential duration in HL-1 cells. These responses were abolished by DPO-1 and a siRNA against Kv1.5. CONCLUSIONS Kv1.5 regulates MSU-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages. MSUrelated activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and electrical remodeling in HL-1 cells are via macrophages. Kv1.5 may have therapeutic value for diseases related to gout-induced activation of the NLRP3 inflammsome, including AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peili Li
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Tottori University, 36-1, Nishimachi, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan.
| | - Yasutaka Kurata
- Department of Physiology II, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Fikri Taufiq
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Tottori University, 36-1, Nishimachi, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Masanari Kuwabara
- Intensive Care Unit and Department of Cardiology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan
| | - Haruaki Ninomiya
- Department of Biological Regulation, Tottori University, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Katsumi Higaki
- Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Motokazu Tsuneto
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Tottori University, 36-1, Nishimachi, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Shirayoshi
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Tottori University, 36-1, Nishimachi, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Miguel A Lanaspa
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Ichiro Hisatome
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Tottori University, 36-1, Nishimachi, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
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Xia R, Tomsits P, Loy S, Zhang Z, Pauly V, Schüttler D, Clauss S. Cardiac Macrophages and Their Effects on Arrhythmogenesis. Front Physiol 2022; 13:900094. [PMID: 35812333 PMCID: PMC9257039 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.900094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac electrophysiology is a complex system established by a plethora of inward and outward ion currents in cardiomyocytes generating and conducting electrical signals in the heart. However, not only cardiomyocytes but also other cell types can modulate the heart rhythm. Recently, cardiac macrophages were demonstrated as important players in both electrophysiology and arrhythmogenesis. Cardiac macrophages are a heterogeneous group of immune cells including resident macrophages derived from embryonic and fetal precursors and recruited macrophages derived from circulating monocytes from the bone marrow. Recent studies suggest antiarrhythmic as well as proarrhythmic effects of cardiac macrophages. The proposed mechanisms of how cardiac macrophages affect electrophysiology vary and include both direct and indirect interactions with other cardiac cells. In this review, we provide an overview of the different subsets of macrophages in the heart and their possible interactions with cardiomyocytes under both physiologic conditions and heart disease. Furthermore, we elucidate similarities and differences between human, murine and porcine cardiac macrophages, thus providing detailed information for researchers investigating cardiac macrophages in important animal species for electrophysiologic research. Finally, we discuss the pros and cons of mice and pigs to investigate the role of cardiac macrophages in arrhythmogenesis from a translational perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibing Xia
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Tomsits
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Loy
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Valerie Pauly
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Schüttler
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Clauss
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Sebastian Clauss,
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Bozzi M, Parisi V, Poggio P. Macrophages in the heart: Active players or simple bystanders? INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 368:109-141. [PMID: 35636926 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Today, more and more studies focus on the processes in which macrophages are involved. These discoveries provide new perspectives on the cellular mechanisms that regulate the physiological functions of the healthy heart. Moreover, they offer a deeper knowledge of the pathologic processes underlying the onset and the evolution of specific cardiac impairment. The heterogeneous population of macrophages within the heart can be divided by origin, expression profile, and function. The pool of cardiac macrophages includes at least two distinct subsets with different ontogeny. The first one has an embryonic origin, deriving from the yolk sac and the fetal liver, while the other macrophage subset results from the postnatal recruitment of monocytes produced in the bone marrow. This review will focus on new phenotypes and functions of cardiac macrophages that have been identified in the last years and that need to be deeply studied to unveil new potential therapies aimed at treating cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Bozzi
- Unit for the Study of Aortic, Valvular, and Coronary Pathologies, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Parisi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Poggio
- Unit for the Study of Aortic, Valvular, and Coronary Pathologies, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
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Younes R, LeBlanc CA, Hiram R. Evidence of Failed Resolution Mechanisms in Arrhythmogenic Inflammation, Fibrosis and Right Heart Disease. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050720. [PMID: 35625647 PMCID: PMC9138906 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex program of active processes characterized by the well-orchestrated succession of an initiation and a resolution phase aiming to promote homeostasis. When the resolution of inflammation fails, the tissue undergoes an unresolved inflammatory status which, if it remains uncontrolled, can lead to chronic inflammatory disorders due to aggravation of structural damages, development of a fibrous area, and loss of function. Various human conditions show a typical unresolved inflammatory profile. Inflammatory diseases include cancer, neurodegenerative disease, asthma, right heart disease, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, or atrial fibrillation. New evidence has started to emerge on the role, including pro-resolution involvement of chemical mediators in the acute phase of inflammation. Although flourishing knowledge is available about the role of specialized pro-resolving mediators in neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis, obesity, or hepatic fibrosis, little is known about their efficacy to combat inflammation-associated arrhythmogenic cardiac disorders. It has been shown that resolvins, including RvD1, RvE1, or Mar1, are bioactive mediators of resolution. Resolvins can stop neutrophil activation and infiltration, stimulate monocytes polarization into anti-inflammatory-M2-macrophages, and activate macrophage phagocytosis of inflammation-debris and neutrophils to promote efferocytosis and clearance. This review aims to discuss the paradigm of failed-resolution mechanisms (FRM) potentially promoting arrhythmogenicity in right heart disease-induced inflammatory status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Younes
- Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada; (R.Y.); (C.-A.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Charles-Alexandre LeBlanc
- Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada; (R.Y.); (C.-A.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Roddy Hiram
- Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada; (R.Y.); (C.-A.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-514-376-3330 (ext. 5015)
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M1 Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophage-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Inhibit Angiogenesis and Myocardial Regeneration Following Myocardial Infarction via the MALAT1/MicroRNA-25-3p/CDC42 Axis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9959746. [PMID: 34745428 PMCID: PMC8570847 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9959746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a severe cardiovascular disease. Some M1 macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in the inhibition of angiogenesis and acceleration dysfunction during MI. However, the potential mechanism of M1 phenotype bone marrow-derived macrophages- (BMMs-) EVs (M1-BMMs-EVs) in MI is largely unknown. This study sought to investigate whether M1-BMMs-EVs increased CDC42 expression and activated the MEK/ERK pathway by carrying lncRNA MALAT1 and competitively binding to miR-25-3p, thus inhibiting angiogenesis and myocardial regeneration after MI. After EV treatment, the cardiac function, infarct size, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and myocardial regeneration of MI mice and the viability, proliferation and angiogenesis of oxygen-glucose deprivation- (OGD-) treated myocardial microvascular endothelial cells (MMECs) were assessed. MALAT1 expression in MI mice, cells, and EVs was detected. MALAT1 downstream microRNAs (miRs), genes, and pathways were predicted and verified. MALAT1 and miR-25-3p were intervened to evaluate EV effects on OGD-treated cells. In MI mice, EV treatment aggravated MI and inhibited angiogenesis and myocardial regeneration. In OGD-treated cells, EV treatment suppressed cell viability, proliferation, and angiogenesis. MALAT1 was highly expressed in MI mice, OGD-treated MMECs, M1-BMMs, and EVs. Silencing MALAT1 weakened the inhibition of EV treatment on OGD-treated cells. MALAT1 sponged miR-25-3p to upregulate CDC42. miR-25-3p overexpression promoted OGD-treated cell viability, proliferation, and angiogenesis. The MEK/ERK pathway was activated after EV treatment. Collectively, M1-BMMs-EVs inhibited angiogenesis and myocardial regeneration following MI via the MALAT1/miR-25-3p/CDC42 axis and the MEK/ERK pathway activation.
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Lazzerini PE, Acampa M, Cupelli M, Gamberucci A, Srivastava U, Nanni C, Bertolozzi I, Vanni F, Frosali A, Cantore A, Cartocci A, D'Errico A, Salvini V, Accioli R, Verrengia D, Salvadori F, Dokollari A, Maccherini M, El-Sherif N, Laghi-Pasini F, Capecchi PL, Boutjdir M. Unravelling Atrioventricular Block Risk in Inflammatory Diseases: Systemic Inflammation Acutely Delays Atrioventricular Conduction via a Cytokine-Mediated Inhibition of Connexin43 Expression. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e022095. [PMID: 34713715 PMCID: PMC8751850 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.022095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Recent data suggest that systemic inflammation can negatively affect atrioventricular conduction, regardless of acute cardiac injury. Indeed, gap‐junctions containing connexin43 coupling cardiomyocytes and inflammation‐related cells (macrophages) are increasingly recognized as important factors regulating the conduction in the atrioventricular node. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute impact of systemic inflammatory activation on atrioventricular conduction, and elucidate underlying mechanisms. Methods and Results We analyzed: (1) the PR‐interval in patients with inflammatory diseases of different origins during active phase and recovery, and its association with inflammatory markers; (2) the existing correlation between connexin43 expression in the cardiac tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and the changes occurring in patients with inflammatory diseases over time; (3) the acute effects of interleukin(IL)‐6 on atrioventricular conduction in an in vivo animal model, and on connexin43 expression in vitro. In patients with elevated C‐reactive protein levels, atrioventricular conduction indices are increased, but promptly normalized in association with inflammatory markers reduction, particularly IL‐6. In these subjects, connexin43 expression in PBMC, which is correlative of that measured in the cardiac tissue, inversely associated with IL‐6 changes. Moreover, direct IL‐6 administration increased atrioventricular conduction indices in vivo in a guinea pig model, and IL‐6 incubation in both cardiomyocytes and macrophages in culture, significantly reduced connexin43 proteins expression. Conclusions The data evidence that systemic inflammation can acutely worsen atrioventricular conduction, and that IL‐6‐induced down‐regulation of cardiac connexin43 is a mechanistic pathway putatively involved in the process. Though reversible, these alterations could significantly increase the risk of severe atrioventricular blocks during active inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael Cupelli
- VA New York Harbor Healthcare System SUNY Downstate Medical Center New York NY.,NYU School of Medicine New York NY
| | | | - Ujala Srivastava
- VA New York Harbor Healthcare System SUNY Downstate Medical Center New York NY
| | - Claudio Nanni
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine University of Siena Italy
| | - Iacopo Bertolozzi
- Department of Internal Medicine Cardiology Intensive Therapy Unit Nuovo Ospedale San Giovanni di Dio Florence Italy
| | - Francesca Vanni
- Department of Medical Sciences Surgery and Neurosciences University of Siena Italy
| | - Alessandro Frosali
- Department of Medical Sciences Surgery and Neurosciences University of Siena Italy
| | - Anna Cantore
- Department of Medical Sciences Surgery and Neurosciences University of Siena Italy
| | | | - Antonio D'Errico
- Department of Medical Sciences Surgery and Neurosciences University of Siena Italy
| | - Viola Salvini
- Department of Medical Sciences Surgery and Neurosciences University of Siena Italy
| | - Riccardo Accioli
- Department of Medical Sciences Surgery and Neurosciences University of Siena Italy
| | - Decoroso Verrengia
- Department of Medical Sciences Surgery and Neurosciences University of Siena Italy
| | - Fabio Salvadori
- Department of Medical Sciences Surgery and Neurosciences University of Siena Italy
| | - Aleksander Dokollari
- Department of Cardiac Surgery University Hospital of Siena Italy.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Saint Michael HospitalUniversity of Toronto Ontario Canada
| | | | - Nabil El-Sherif
- VA New York Harbor Healthcare System SUNY Downstate Medical Center New York NY
| | - Franco Laghi-Pasini
- Department of Medical Sciences Surgery and Neurosciences University of Siena Italy
| | | | - Mohamed Boutjdir
- VA New York Harbor Healthcare System SUNY Downstate Medical Center New York NY.,NYU School of Medicine New York NY
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Angiotensin II-Treated Cardiac Myocytes Regulate M1 Macrophage Polarization via Transferring Exosomal PVT1. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:1994328. [PMID: 34514000 PMCID: PMC8427676 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1994328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) seriously reduces the health and life quality of patients. It is necessary to explore the pathogenesis of AF and provide a new target for the treatment. Here, exosomes were identified using transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracing analysis. Western blotting assay was performed to detect the expression of exosomal surface markers, extracellular matrix-related proteins, and IL-16. The expression of genes was measured using qRT-PCR. Flow cytometry was performed to examine the percentages of CD86- and CD163-positive macrophages. Besides, luciferase activity assay was performed to explore the combination between PVT1 and miR-145-5p and the combination between miR-145-5p and IL-16 3'UTR. The combination between PVT1 and miR-145-5p also was examined using RIP assay. In our study, we isolated human cardiac myocyte- (HCM-) derived exosomes successfully. Ang-II-treated HCM-derived exosomes (Ang-II-Exo) promoted M1 macrophage polarization. PVT1 was highly expressed in Ang-II-Exo. Ang-II-Exo induced macrophage to M1 polarization through transferring PVT1. Furthermore, our data showed that PVT1 increased the expression of IL-16 via sponging miR-145-5p. Finally, we proved that exosomal PVT1 could boost the extracellular matrix remodeling of atrial fibroblasts. Overall, our data demonstrated that Ang-II-Exo promoted the extracellular matrix remodeling of atrial fibroblasts via inducing M1 macrophage polarization by transferring PVT1. PVT1 facilitated M1 polarization macrophage via increasing IL-16 expression by sponging miR-145-5p. Our results provided a new evidence for PVT1 which might be a treatment target of AF.
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50
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Zhang T, Wu Y, Hu Z, Xing W, Kun LV, Wang D, Hu N. Small-Molecule Integrated Stress Response Inhibitor Reduces Susceptibility to Postinfarct Atrial Fibrillation in Rats via the Inhibition of Integrated Stress Responses. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 378:197-206. [PMID: 34215702 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 α-subunit, which subsequently upregulates activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), is the core event in the integrated stress response (ISR) pathway. Previous studies indicate phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 ɑ-subunit in atrial tissue in response to atrial fibrillation (AF). This study investigated the role of ISR pathway in experimental AF by using a small-molecule ISR inhibitor (ISRIB). Accordingly, rats were subjected to coronary artery occlusion to induce myocardial infarction (MI), or sham operation, and received either trans-ISRIB (2 mg/kg/d, i.p.) or vehicle for seven days. Thereafter, animals were subjected to the AF inducibility test by transesophageal rapid burst pacing followed by procurement of left atrium (LA) for assessment of atrial fibrosis, inflammatory indices, autophagy-related proteins, ISR activation, ion channel, and connexin 43 expression. Results showed a significant increase in the AF vulnerability and the activation of ISR in LA as evidenced by enhanced eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 ɑ-subunit phosphorylation. ISRIB treatment suppressed upregulation of ATF4, fibrosis as indexed by determination of α-smooth muscle actin and collagen levels, inflammatory macrophage infiltration (i.e., CD68 and inducible nitric oxide synthase/CD68-positive macrophage), and autophagy as determined by expression of light chain 3. Further, ISRIB treatment reversed the expression of relevant ion channel (i.e., the voltage-gated sodium channel 1.5 , L-type voltage-dependent calcium channel 1.2, and voltage-activated A-type potassium ion channel 4.3) and connexin 43 remodeling. Collectively, the results suggest that the ISR is a key pathway in pathogenesis of AF, post-MI, and represents a novel target for treatment of AF. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The activation of integrated stress response (ISR) pathway as evidenced by enhanced eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 ɑ-subunit phosphorylation in left atrium plays a key role in atrial fibrillation (AF). ISR inhibitor (ISRIB) reduces AF occurrence and atrial proarrhythmogenic substrate. The beneficial action of ISRIB may be mediated by suppressing ISR pathway-related cardiac fibrosis, inflammatory macrophage infiltration, autophagy, and restoring the expression of ion channel and connexin 43. This study suggests a key dysfunctional role for ISR in pathogenesis of AF with implications for novel treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Gerontology (T.Z., Y.W., Z.H., W.X., D.W., N.H.) and Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution (W.X., K.L., D.W., N.H.), First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, Anhui, China; Department of Psychology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (T.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (N.H.)
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Gerontology (T.Z., Y.W., Z.H., W.X., D.W., N.H.) and Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution (W.X., K.L., D.W., N.H.), First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, Anhui, China; Department of Psychology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (T.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (N.H.)
| | - Zhengtao Hu
- Department of Gerontology (T.Z., Y.W., Z.H., W.X., D.W., N.H.) and Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution (W.X., K.L., D.W., N.H.), First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, Anhui, China; Department of Psychology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (T.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (N.H.)
| | - Wen Xing
- Department of Gerontology (T.Z., Y.W., Z.H., W.X., D.W., N.H.) and Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution (W.X., K.L., D.W., N.H.), First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, Anhui, China; Department of Psychology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (T.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (N.H.)
| | - L V Kun
- Department of Gerontology (T.Z., Y.W., Z.H., W.X., D.W., N.H.) and Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution (W.X., K.L., D.W., N.H.), First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, Anhui, China; Department of Psychology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (T.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (N.H.)
| | - Deguo Wang
- Department of Gerontology (T.Z., Y.W., Z.H., W.X., D.W., N.H.) and Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution (W.X., K.L., D.W., N.H.), First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, Anhui, China; Department of Psychology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (T.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (N.H.)
| | - Nengwei Hu
- Department of Gerontology (T.Z., Y.W., Z.H., W.X., D.W., N.H.) and Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution (W.X., K.L., D.W., N.H.), First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, Anhui, China; Department of Psychology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (T.Z.); and Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (N.H.)
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