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Lu Y, Lin H, Xu Y, Shen Z, Guo Y, Jin Y, Shi Q, Chen H, Zhuang Y, Huang W, Che J, Dai H, Dong X. Discovery of orally bioavailable phenyltetrazolium derivatives for the acute treatment and the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116542. [PMID: 38875807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The potential for secondary stroke prevention, which can significantly reduce the risk of recurrent strokes by almost 90%, underscores its critical importance. N-butylphthalide (NBP) has emerged as a promising treatment for acute cerebral ischemia, yet its efficacy for secondary stroke prevention is hindered by inadequate pharmacokinetic properties. This study, driven by a comprehensive structural analysis, the iterative process of structure optimization culminated in the identification of compound B4, which demonstrated exceptional neuroprotective efficacy and remarkable oral exposure and oral bioavailability. Notably, in an in vivo transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model, B4 substantially attenuated infarct volumes, surpassing the effectiveness of NBP. While oral treatment with B4 exhibited stronger prevention potency than NBP in photothrombotic (PT) model. In summary, compound B4, with its impressive oral bioavailability and potent neuroprotective effects, offers promise for both acute ischemic stroke treatment and secondary stroke prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China; Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haoran Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yaping Xu
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zexu Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yizhen Jin
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qiuqiu Shi
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuxin Zhuang
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wenhai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Materia Medica, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China; School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Jinxin Che
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China; National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haibin Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
| | - Xiaowu Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China; Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China; National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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2
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Yang J, Cao C, Liu J, Liu Y, Lu J, Yu H, Li X, Wu J, Yu Z, Li H, Chen G. Dystrophin 71 deficiency causes impaired aquaporin-4 polarization contributing to glymphatic dysfunction and brain edema in cerebral ischemia. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 199:106586. [PMID: 38950712 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The glymphatic system serves as a perivascular pathway that aids in clearing liquid and solute waste from the brain, thereby enhancing neurological function. Disorders in glymphatic drainage contribute to the development of vasogenic edema following cerebral ischemia, although the molecular mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. This study aims to determine whether a deficiency in dystrophin 71 (DP71) leads to aquaporin-4 (AQP4) depolarization, contributing to glymphatic dysfunction in cerebral ischemia and resulting in brain edema. METHODS A mice model of middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion was used. A fluorescence tracer was injected into the cortex and evaluated glymphatic clearance. To investigate the role of DP71 in maintaining AQP4 polarization, an adeno-associated virus with the astrocyte promoter was used to overexpress Dp71. The expression and distribution of DP71 and AQP4 were analyzed using immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and co-immunoprecipitation techniques. The behavior ability of mice was evaluated by open field test. Open-access transcriptome sequencing data were used to analyze the functional changes of astrocytes after cerebral ischemia. MG132 was used to inhibit the ubiquitin-proteasome system. The ubiquitination of DP71 was detected by immunoblotting and co-immunoprecipitation. RESULTS During the vasogenic edema stage following cerebral ischemia, a decline in the efflux of interstitial fluid tracer was observed. DP71 and AQP4 were co-localized and interacted with each other in the perivascular astrocyte endfeet. After cerebral ischemia, there was a notable reduction in DP71 protein expression, accompanied by AQP4 depolarization and proliferation of reactive astrocytes. Increased DP71 expression restored glymphatic drainage and reduced brain edema. AQP4 depolarization, reactive astrocyte proliferation, and the behavior of mice were improved. After cerebral ischemia, DP71 was degraded by ubiquitination, and MG132 inhibited the decrease of DP71 protein level. CONCLUSION AQP4 depolarization after cerebral ischemia leads to glymphatic clearance disorder and aggravates cerebral edema. DP71 plays a pivotal role in regulating AQP4 polarization and consequently influences glymphatic function. Changes in DP71 expression are associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome system. This study offers a novel perspective on the pathogenesis of brain edema following cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiale Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinxin Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - HaoYun Yu
- Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Haiying Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Goumtsa AF, Nguelefack-Mbuyo EP, Fofie CK, Fokoua AR, Becker A, Nguelefack TB. Neuroprotective effects of Aframomum pruinosum seed extract against stroke in rat: Role of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024:107942. [PMID: 39151813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is a major cause of disability and neurological impairment worldwide. Effective prevention and management strategies are needed to reduce its burden. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of the seed ethanolic extract of Aframomum pruinosum (EEAP) on stroke and its related motor and cognitive deficits in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Stroke was induced by either middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) or bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO). In the MCAO model, rats received EEAP (75, 150, or 300 mg/kg) or N-acetyl-L-cysteine (100 mg/kg) orally for one week before 2 hours of occlusion, followed by reperfusion. Twenty-four hours after ischemia, brain was collected for infarct size using 2, 3, 5 -TriphenylTetrazolium Chloride (TTC) staining, oxidative stress markers and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β) measurements. In the BCCAO model, rats underwent occlusion for 30 minutes and received EEAP or quercetin (25 mg/kg) for 7 days post-induction. Behavioral parameters were evaluated at the end of the treatment. Oxidative stress and inflammatory markers were measured in the cerebrum and cerebellum. RESULTS MCAO caused significant brain infarction, and increased lipid peroxidation, TNF-α and IL-1β contents. EEAP, rich in nerolidol, prevented these changes in a dose-dependent manner. BCCAO impaired the neurological function, mobility, and muscle strength of rats. It also increased lipid peroxidation and inflammatory cytokines in the cerebellum. EEAP significantly ameliorated these impairments. CONCLUSION EEAP exerts preventive and curative neuroprotective effects against ischemic stroke and its associated motor impairments at least partially through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and its nerolidol content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Falone Goumtsa
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Elvine Pami Nguelefack-Mbuyo
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Christian Kuete Fofie
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Aliance Romain Fokoua
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Axel Becker
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Télesphore Benoît Nguelefack
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon.
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Althaus O, ter Jung N, Stahlke S, Theiss C, Herzog-Niescery J, Vogelsang H, Weber T, Gude P, Matschke V. Region-specific protective effects of monomethyl fumarate in cerebellar and hippocampal organotypic slice cultures following oxygen-glucose deprivation. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0308635. [PMID: 39110748 PMCID: PMC11305562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
To date, apart from moderate hypothermia, there are almost no adequate interventions available for neuroprotection in cases of brain damage due to cardiac arrest. Affected persons often have severe limitations in their quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate protective properties of the active compound of dimethyl fumarate, monomethyl fumarate (MMF), on distinct regions of the central nervous system after ischemic events. Dimethyl fumarate is an already established drug in neurology with known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this study, we chose organotypic slice cultures of rat cerebellum and hippocampus as an ex vivo model. To simulate cardiac arrest and return of spontaneous circulation we performed oxygen-glucose-deprivation (OGD) followed by treatments with different concentrations of MMF (1-30 μM in cerebellum and 5-30 μM in hippocampus). Immunofluorescence staining with propidium iodide (PI) and 4',6-diamidine-2-phenylindole (DAPI) was performed to analyze PI/DAPI ratio after imaging with a spinning disc confocal microscope. In the statistical analysis, the relative cell death of the different groups was compared. In both, the cerebellum and hippocampus, the MMF-treated group showed a significantly lower PI/DAPI ratio compared to the non-treated group after OGD. Thus, we showed for the first time that both cerebellar and hippocampal slice cultures treated with MMF after OGD are significantly less affected by cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Althaus
- Department of Cytology, Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nico ter Jung
- Department of Cytology, Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sarah Stahlke
- Department of Cytology, Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Carsten Theiss
- Department of Cytology, Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jennifer Herzog-Niescery
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Heike Vogelsang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Weber
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Philipp Gude
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Veronika Matschke
- Department of Cytology, Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Zhou C, Zhou Y, Vong CT, Khan H, Cheang WS. 3,3',4,5'-Tetramethoxy-trans-stilbene and 3,4',5-trimethoxy-trans-stilbene prevent oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced injury in brain endothelial cell. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e70008. [PMID: 39153195 PMCID: PMC11330235 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.70008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is a major pathophysiological event of ischemic stroke. Brain microvascular endothelial cells are critical to maintain homeostasis between central nervous system and periphery. Resveratrol protects against ischemic stroke. 3,3',4,5'-tetramethoxy-trans-stilbene (3,3',4,5'-TMS) and 3,4',5-trimethoxy-trans-stilbene (3,4',5-TMS) are resveratrol derivatives with addition of methoxy groups, showing better pharmacokinetic performance. We aimed to explore their protective effects and underlying mechanisms. Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model was applied in bEnd.3 cell line, mouse brain microvascular endothelium to mimic ischemia. The cells were pre-treated with 3,3',4,5'-TMS or 3,4',5-TMS (1 and 5 μM, 24 h) and then subjected to 2-h OGD injury. Cell viability, levels of proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and protein expressions were measured by molecular assays and fluorescence staining. OGD injury triggered cell death, inflammatory responses, ROS production and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway. These impairments were remarkably attenuated by the two stilbenes, 3,3',4,5'-TMS and 3,4',5-TMS. They also alleviated endothelial barrier injuries through upregulating the expression of tight junction proteins. Moreover, 3,3',4,5'-TMS and 3,4',5-TMS activated 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Overall, 3,3',4,5'-TMS and 3,4',5-TMS exert protective effects against OGD damage through suppressing cell death, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, as well as BBB disruption on bEnd.3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineInstitute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of MacauMacau SARChina
| | - Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineInstitute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of MacauMacau SARChina
| | - Chi Teng Vong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineInstitute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of MacauMacau SARChina
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese MedicineUniversity of MacauMacau SARChina
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of PharmacyAbdul Wali Khan University MardanMardanPakistan
| | - Wai San Cheang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineInstitute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of MacauMacau SARChina
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Lu Y, Shen Z, Xu Y, Lin H, Shen L, Jin Y, Guo Y, Lu J, Li L, Zhuang Y, Jin Y, Zhuang W, Huang W, Dong X, Dai H, Che J. Discovery of New Phenyltetrazolium Derivatives as Ferroptosis Inhibitors for Treating Ischemic Stroke: An Example Development from Free Radical Scavengers. J Med Chem 2024; 67:11712-11731. [PMID: 38996382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a promising therapeutic target for injury-related diseases, yet diversity in ferroptosis inhibitors remains limited. In this study, initial structure optimization led us to focus on the bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE) of the N-H bond and the residency time of radical scavengers in a phospholipid bilayer, which may play an important role in ferroptosis inhibition potency. This led to the discovery of compound D1, exhibiting potent ferroptosis inhibition, high radical scavenging, and moderate membrane permeability. D1 demonstrated significant neuroprotection in an oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model and reduced infarct volume in an in vivo stroke model upon intravenous treatment. Further screening based on this strategy identified NecroX-7 and Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside as novel ferroptosis inhibitors with highly polar structural characteristics. This approach bridges the gap between free radical scavengers and ferroptosis inhibitors, providing a foundation for research and insights into novel ferroptosis inhibitor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zexu Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yaping Xu
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haoran Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Liteng Shen
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yizhen Jin
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jialiang Lu
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Linjie Li
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuxin Zhuang
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuheng Jin
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weihao Zhuang
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenhai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Materia Medica, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, PR China
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Xiaowu Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haibin Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jinxin Che
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Zhao C, Sun L, Zhang Y, Shu X, Hu Y, Chen D, Zhang Z, Xia S, Yang H, Bao X, Li J, Xu Y. Thymol improves ischemic brain injury by inhibiting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. Brain Res Bull 2024; 215:111029. [PMID: 39009094 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microglia-mediated inflammation is a critical factor in the progression of ischemic stroke. Consequently, mitigating excessive microglial activation represents a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic injury. Thymol, a monophenol derived from plant essential oils, exhibits diverse beneficial biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, with demonstrated protective effects in various disease models. However, its specific effects on ischemic stroke and microglial inflammation remain unexplored. METHODS Rodent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model was established to simulate ischemic stroke. TTC staining, modified neurological function score (mNSS), and behavioral tests were used to assess the severity of neurological damage. Then immunofluorescence staining and cytoskeleton analysis were used to determine activation of microglia. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was utilized to induce the inflammatory response of primary microglia in vitro. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed to exam the expression of inflammatory cytokines. And western blot was used to investigate the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of thymol. RESULTS In this study, we found that thymol treatment could ameliorate post-stroke neurological impairment and reduce infarct volume by mitigating microglial activation and pro-inflammatory response (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). Mechanically, thymol could inhibit the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), sink serine/threonine kinase (Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), thereby suppressing the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that thymol could reduce the microglial inflammation by targeting PI3K/Akt/mTOR/NF-κB signaling pathway, ultimately alleviating ischemic brain injury. These findings suggest that thymol is a promising candidate as a neuroprotective agent against ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xin Shu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yujie Hu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Duo Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shengnan Xia
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xinyu Bao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jingwei Li
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.
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de Oliveira RMW, Kohara NA, Milani H. Cannabidiol in experimental cerebral ischemia. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 177:95-120. [PMID: 39029992 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
The absence of blood flow in cerebral ischemic conditions triggers a multitude of intricate pathophysiological mechanisms, including excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, disruption of the blood-brain barrier and white matter disarrangement. Despite numerous experimental studies conducted in preclinical settings, existing treatments for cerebral ischemia (CI), such as mechanical and pharmacological therapies, remain constrained and often entail significant side effects. Therefore, there is an imperative to explore innovative strategies for addressing CI outcomes. Cannabidiol (CBD), the most abundant non-psychotomimetic compound derived from Cannabis sativa, is a pleiotropic substance that interacts with diverse molecular targets and has the potential to influence various pathophysiological processes, thereby contributing to enhanced outcomes in CI. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the primary effects of CBD in in vitro and diverse animal models of CI and delves into some of its plausible mechanisms of neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathalia Akemi Kohara
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Humberto Milani
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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9
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Li Y, Fan F, Liu Q. Cytisine-N-methylene-(5,7,4 '-trihydroxy)- isoflavone ameliorates ischemic stroke-induced brain injury in mouse by regulating the oxidative stress and BDNF-Trkb/Akt pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 974:176512. [PMID: 38493912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A novel compound Cytisine-N-methylene-(5,7,4'-trihydroxy)- isoflavone (LY01) found in the Sophora alopecuroides L is a neuroprotective agent. However, the effect and potential mechanism of LY01 treatment for ischemic stroke (IS) have not been fully elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to demonstrate whether LY01 can rescue ischemic stroke-induced brain injury and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R). RESULTS Our results show that intragastric administration of LY01 improves ischemic stroke behaviors in mice, as demonstrated by neurological score, infarct volume, cerebral water content, rotarod test for activity. Compared with the model group, the ginkgo biloba extract (EGb) and LY01 reversed the neurological score, infarct volume, cerebral water content, rotarod test in model mice. Further analysis showed that the LY01 rescued oxidative stress in the model mice, which was reflected in the increased levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity and decreased levels of malondialdehyde in the serum of the model mice. Moreover, the expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt), Bax, Bcl-2, (p)-tropomysin related kinase B (p-Trkb) was restored and the expression of Bax, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the brains of the model mice was inhibited through LY01 treatment. In the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) data, after giving LY01, the expression in the brains of model mice was that, IL-10 increased and IL-1β, Bax, Bcl-2 decreased. Furthermore, the results indicated that LY01 improved cell viability, reactive oxygen species content, and mitochondrial membrane potential dissipation induced by OGD/R in primary culture of rat cortical neurons. Bax and caspase-3 activity was upregulated compared to the before after treatment with LY01. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that LY01 reversed ischemic stroke by reducing oxidative stress and activating the BDNF-TrkB/Akt pathway and exerted a neuroprotective action against OGD/R injury via attenuation, a novel approach was suggested to treat ischemic stroke. Our observations justify the traditional use of LY01 for a treatment of IS in nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Center on Translational Neuroscience, Minzu University of China, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Fangcheng Fan
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Center on Translational Neuroscience, Minzu University of China, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Qingshan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Center on Translational Neuroscience, Minzu University of China, 100081, Beijing, China.
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10
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Marks K, Ahn SJ, Rai N, Anfray A, Iadecola C, Anrather J. A minimally invasive thrombotic stroke model to study circadian rhythm in awake mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.10.598243. [PMID: 38915621 PMCID: PMC11195071 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.10.598243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Experimental stroke models in rodents are essential for mechanistic studies and therapeutic development. However, these models have several limitations negatively impacting their translational relevance. Here we aimed to develop a minimally invasive thrombotic stroke model through magnetic particle delivery that does not require craniotomy, is amenable to reperfusion therapy, can be combined with in vivo imaging modalities, and can be performed in awake mice. We found that the model results in reproducible cortical infarcts within the middle cerebral artery (MCA) with cytologic and immune changes similar to that observed with more invasive distal MCA occlusion models. Importantly, the injury produced by the model was ameliorated by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) administration. We also show that MCA occlusion in awake animals results in bigger ischemic lesions independent of day/night cycle. Magnetic particle delivery had no overt effects on physiologic parameters and systemic immune biomarkers. In conclusion, we developed a novel stroke model in mice that fulfills many requirements for modeling human stroke.
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11
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Maimaiti M, Li C, Cheng M, Zhong Z, Hu J, Yang L, Zhang L, Hong Z, Song J, Pan M, Ma X, Cui S, Zhang P, Hao H, Wang C, Hu H. Blocking cGAS-STING pathway promotes post-stroke functional recovery in an extended treatment window via facilitating remyelination. MED 2024; 5:622-644.e8. [PMID: 38663402 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke is a major cause of worldwide death and disability, with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator being the sole effective treatment, albeit with a limited treatment window. The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is emerging as the major DNA-sensing pathway to invoke immune responses in neuroinflammatory disorders. METHODS By performing a series of neurobehavioral assessments, electrophysiological analysis, high-throughput sequencing, and cell-based assays based on the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mouse stroke model, we examined the effects and underlying mechanisms of genetic and pharmacological inhibition of the cGAS-STING pathway on long-term post-stroke neurological functional outcomes. FINDINGS Blocking the cGAS-STING pathway, even 3 days after tMCAO, significantly promoted functional recovery in terms of white matter structural and functional integrity as well as sensorimotor and cognitive functions. Mechanistically, the neuroprotective effects via inhibiting the cGAS-STING pathway were contributed not only by inflammation repression at the early stage of tMCAO but also by modifying the cell state of phagocytes to facilitate remyelination at the sub-acute phase. The activation of the cGAS-STING pathway significantly impeded post-stroke remyelination through restraining myelin debris uptake and degradation and hindering oligodendrocyte differentiation and maturation. CONCLUSIONS Manipulating the cGAS-STING pathway has an extended treatment window in promoting long-term post-stroke functional recovery via facilitating remyelination in a mouse stroke model. Our results highlight the roles of the cGAS-STING pathway in aggregating stroke pathology and propose a new way for improving functional recovery after ischemic stroke. FUNDING This work was primarily funded by the National Key R&D Program of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munire Maimaiti
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Mingxing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziwei Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiameng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinyi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingyu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaonan Ma
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shufang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiping Hao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Haiyang Hu
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Chongqing Innovation Institute of China Pharmaceutical University, Chongqing, China.
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12
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Ersoy B, Herzog ML, Pan W, Schilling S, Endres M, Göttert R, Kronenberg GD, Gertz K. The atypical antidepressant tianeptine confers neuroprotection against oxygen-glucose deprivation. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 274:777-791. [PMID: 37653354 PMCID: PMC11127858 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01685-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Proregenerative and neuroprotective effects of antidepressants are an important topic of inquiry in neuropsychiatric research. Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) mimics key aspects of ischemic injury in vitro. Here, we studied the effects of 24-h pretreatment with serotonin (5-HT), citalopram (CIT), fluoxetine (FLU), and tianeptine (TIA) on primary mouse cortical neurons subjected to transient OGD. 5-HT (50 μM) significantly enhanced neuron viability as measured by MTT assay and reduced cell death and LDH release. CIT (10 μM) and FLU (1 μM) did not increase the effects of 5-HT and neither antidepressant conferred neuroprotection in the absence of supplemental 5-HT in serum-free cell culture medium. By contrast, pre-treatment with TIA (10 μM) resulted in robust neuroprotection, even in the absence of 5-HT. Furthermore, TIA inhibited mRNA transcription of candidate genes related to cell death and hypoxia and attenuated lipid peroxidation, a hallmark of neuronal injury. Finally, deep RNA sequencing of primary neurons subjected to OGD demonstrated that OGD induces many pathways relating to cell survival, the inflammation-immune response, synaptic dysregulation and apoptosis, and that TIA pretreatment counteracted these effects of OGD. In conclusion, this study highlights the comparative strength of the 5-HT independent neuroprotective effects of TIA and identifies the molecular pathways involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Ersoy
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie-Louise Herzog
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wen Pan
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Schilling
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Endres
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZNE (German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases), Partner site, Berlin, Germany
- DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Partner site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ria Göttert
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Golo D Kronenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zürich, Lenggstrasse 31, P.O. Box 363, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karen Gertz
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Berlin, Germany.
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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13
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Planas AM. Role of microglia in stroke. Glia 2024; 72:1016-1053. [PMID: 38173414 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Microglia play key roles in the post-ischemic inflammatory response and damaged tissue removal reacting rapidly to the disturbances caused by ischemia and working to restore the lost homeostasis. However, the modified environment, encompassing ionic imbalances, disruption of crucial neuron-microglia interactions, spreading depolarization, and generation of danger signals from necrotic neurons, induce morphological and phenotypic shifts in microglia. This leads them to adopt a proinflammatory profile and heighten their phagocytic activity. From day three post-ischemia, macrophages infiltrate the necrotic core while microglia amass at the periphery. Further, inflammation prompts a metabolic shift favoring glycolysis, the pentose-phosphate shunt, and lipid synthesis. These shifts, combined with phagocytic lipid intake, drive lipid droplet biogenesis, fuel anabolism, and enable microglia proliferation. Proliferating microglia release trophic factors contributing to protection and repair. However, some microglia accumulate lipids persistently and transform into dysfunctional and potentially harmful foam cells. Studies also showed microglia that either display impaired apoptotic cell clearance, or eliminate synapses, viable neurons, or endothelial cells. Yet, it will be essential to elucidate the viability of engulfed cells, the features of the local environment, the extent of tissue damage, and the temporal sequence. Ischemia provides a rich variety of region- and injury-dependent stimuli for microglia, evolving with time and generating distinct microglia phenotypes including those exhibiting proinflammatory or dysfunctional traits and others showing pro-repair features. Accurate profiling of microglia phenotypes, alongside with a more precise understanding of the associated post-ischemic tissue conditions, is a necessary step to serve as the potential foundation for focused interventions in human stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Planas
- Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
- Cerebrovascular Diseases, Area of Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Shi Y, Fang Q, Hu Y, Mi Z, Luo S, Gan Y, Yuan S. Melatonin Ameliorates Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment in Mice by Inhibiting Excessive Mitophagy. Cells 2024; 13:872. [PMID: 38786094 PMCID: PMC11119717 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) remains the most common consequence of ischemic stroke. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role and mechanisms of melatonin (MT) in improving cognitive dysfunction in stroke mice. We used CoCl2-induced hypoxia-injured SH-SY5Y cells as a cellular model of stroke and photothrombotic-induced ischemic stroke mice as an animal model. We found that the stroke-induced upregulation of mitophagy, apoptosis, and neuronal synaptic plasticity was impaired both in vivo and in vitro. The results of the novel object recognition test and Y-maze showed significant cognitive deficits in the stroke mice, and Nissl staining showed a loss of neurons in the stroke mice. In contrast, MT inhibited excessive mitophagy both in vivo and in vitro and decreased the levels of mitophagy proteins PINK1 and Parkin, and immunofluorescence staining showed reduced co-localization of Tom20 and LC3. A significant inhibition of mitophagy levels could be directly observed under transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, behavioral experiments and Nissl staining showed that MT ameliorated cognitive deficits and reduced neuronal loss in mice following a stroke. Our results demonstrated that MT inhibits excessive mitophagy and improves PSCI. These findings highlight the potential of MT as a preventive drug for PSCI, offering promising therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.S.); (S.L.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Q.F.); (Y.H.); (Z.M.); (Y.G.)
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Qian Fang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Q.F.); (Y.H.); (Z.M.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Q.F.); (Y.H.); (Z.M.); (Y.G.)
| | - Zhaoyu Mi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Q.F.); (Y.H.); (Z.M.); (Y.G.)
| | - Shuting Luo
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Yaoxue Gan
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Q.F.); (Y.H.); (Z.M.); (Y.G.)
| | - Shishan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.S.); (S.L.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Q.F.); (Y.H.); (Z.M.); (Y.G.)
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
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15
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Pandey N, Kaur H, Chorawala MR, Anand SK, Chandaluri L, Butler ME, Aishwarya R, Gaddam SJ, Shen X, Alfaidi M, Wang J, Zhang X, Beedupalli K, Bhuiyan MS, Bhuiyan MAN, Buchhanolla P, Rai P, Shah R, Chokhawala H, Jordan JD, Magdy T, Orr AW, Stokes KY, Rom O, Dhanesha N. Interactions between integrin α9β1 and VCAM-1 promote neutrophil hyperactivation and mediate poststroke DVT. Blood Adv 2024; 8:2104-2117. [PMID: 38498701 PMCID: PMC11063402 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023012282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Venous thromboembolic events are significant contributors to morbidity and mortality in patients with stroke. Neutrophils are among the first cells in the blood to respond to stroke and are known to promote deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Integrin α9 is a transmembrane glycoprotein highly expressed on neutrophils and stabilizes neutrophil adhesion to activated endothelium via vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1). Nevertheless, the causative role of neutrophil integrin α9 in poststroke DVT remains unknown. Here, we found higher neutrophil integrin α9 and plasma VCAM-1 levels in humans and mice with stroke. Using mice with embolic stroke, we observed enhanced DVT severity in a novel model of poststroke DVT. Neutrophil-specific integrin α9-deficient mice (α9fl/flMrp8Cre+/-) exhibited a significant reduction in poststroke DVT severity along with decreased neutrophils and citrullinated histone H3 in thrombi. Unbiased transcriptomics indicated that α9/VCAM-1 interactions induced pathways related to neutrophil inflammation, exocytosis, NF-κB signaling, and chemotaxis. Mechanistic studies revealed that integrin α9/VCAM-1 interactions mediate neutrophil adhesion at the venous shear rate, promote neutrophil hyperactivation, increase phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and induce endothelial cell apoptosis. Using pharmacogenomic profiling, virtual screening, and in vitro assays, we identified macitentan as a potent inhibitor of integrin α9/VCAM-1 interactions and neutrophil adhesion to activated endothelial cells. Macitentan reduced DVT severity in control mice with and without stroke, but not in α9fl/flMrp8Cre+/- mice, suggesting that macitentan improves DVT outcomes by inhibiting neutrophil integrin α9. Collectively, we uncovered a previously unrecognized and critical pathway involving the α9/VCAM-1 axis in neutrophil hyperactivation and DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Pandey
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Mehul R. Chorawala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Anand
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Lakshmi Chandaluri
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Megan E. Butler
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Richa Aishwarya
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Shiva J. Gaddam
- Department of Hematology and Oncology and Feist Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Xinggui Shen
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Mabruka Alfaidi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Jian Wang
- Bioinformatics and Modeling Core, Center for Applied Immunology and Pathological Processes, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Bioinformatics and Modeling Core, Center for Applied Immunology and Pathological Processes, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Kavitha Beedupalli
- Department of Hematology and Oncology and Feist Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Md. Shenuarin Bhuiyan
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | | | - Prabandh Buchhanolla
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Prashant Rai
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Rahul Shah
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Himanshu Chokhawala
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - J. Dedrick Jordan
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Tarek Magdy
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - A. Wayne Orr
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Karen Y. Stokes
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Oren Rom
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Nirav Dhanesha
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
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16
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Kollikowski AM, Pham M, März AG, Feick J, Vogt ML, Xiong Y, Strinitz M, Vollmuth C, Essig F, Neugebauer H, Haeusler KG, Hametner C, Zimmermann L, Stoll G, Schuhmann MK. MMP-9 release into collateral blood vessels before endovascular thrombectomy to assess the risk of major intracerebral haemorrhages and poor outcome for acute ischaemic stroke: a proof-of-concept study. EBioMedicine 2024; 103:105095. [PMID: 38579365 PMCID: PMC11002809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implied in blood-brain barrier degradation and haemorrhagic transformation following ischaemic stroke, but their local relevance in the hyperacute disease phase is unknown. We aimed to examine ultra-early MMP-9 and MMP-2 release into collateral blood vessels, and to assess its prognostic value before therapeutic recanalisation by endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). METHODS We report a cross-sectional proof-of-concept study including patients undergoing EVT for large-vessel ischaemic stroke at the University Hospital Würzburg, Germany. We obtained liquid biopsies from the collateral circulation before recanalisation, and systemic control samples. Laboratory workup included quantification of MMP-9 and MMP-2 plasma concentrations by cytometric bead array, immunohistochemical analyses of cellular MMP-9 and MMP-2 expression, and detection of proteolytic activity by gelatine zymography. The clinical impact of MMP concentrations was assessed by stratification according to intracranial haemorrhagic lesions on postinterventional computed tomography (Heidelberg Bleeding Classification, HBC) and early functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale, mRS). We used multivariable logistic regression, receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curves, and fixed-level estimates of test accuracy measures to study the prognostic value of MMP-9 concentrations. FINDINGS Between August 3, 2018, and September 16, 2021, 264 matched samples from 132 patients (86 [65.2%] women, 46 [34.8%] men, aged 40-94 years) were obtained. Median (interquartile range, IQR) MMP-9 (279.7 [IQR 126.4-569.6] vs 441 [IQR 223.4-731.5] ng/ml, p < 0.0001) but not MMP-2 concentrations were increased within collateral blood vessels. The median MMP-9 expression level of invading neutrophils was elevated (fluorescence intensity, arbitrary unit: 2276 [IQR 1007-5086] vs 3078 [IQR 1108-7963], p = 0.0018). Gelatine zymography experiments indicated the locally confined proteolytic activity of MMP-9 but not of MMP-2. Pretherapeutic MMP-9 release into stroke-affected brain regions predicted the degree of intracerebral haemorrhages and clinical stroke severity after recanalisation, and independently increased the odds of space-occupying parenchymal haematomas (HBC1c-3a) by 1.54 times, and the odds of severe disability or death (mRS ≥5 at hospital discharge) by 2.33 times per 1000 ng/ml increase. Excessive concentrations of MMP-9 indicated impending parenchymal haematomas and severe disability or death with high specificity. INTERPRETATION Measurement of MMP-9 within collateral blood vessels is feasible and identifies patients with stroke at risk of major intracerebral haemorrhages and poor outcome before therapeutic recanalisation by EVT, thereby providing evidence of the concept validity of ultra-early local stroke biomarkers. FUNDING This work was funded by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) and the Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) at the University of Würzburg.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirko Pham
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Alexander G März
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Jörn Feick
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Department of Radiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Marius L Vogt
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Yanyan Xiong
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Marc Strinitz
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology, Rechts der Isar Hospital, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Christoph Vollmuth
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Fabian Essig
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Hermann Neugebauer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | | | - Christian Hametner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Lena Zimmermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Guido Stoll
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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17
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D’Apolito E, Sisalli MJ, Tufano M, Annunziato L, Scorziello A. Oxidative Metabolism in Brain Ischemia and Preconditioning: Two Sides of the Same Coin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:547. [PMID: 38790652 PMCID: PMC11117774 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain ischemia is one of the major causes of chronic disability and death worldwide. It is related to insufficient blood supply to cerebral tissue, which induces irreversible or reversible intracellular effects depending on the time and intensity of the ischemic event. Indeed, neuronal function may be restored in some conditions, such as transient ischemic attack (TIA), which may be responsible for protecting against a subsequent lethal ischemic insult. It is well known that the brain requires high levels of oxygen and glucose to ensure cellular metabolism and energy production and that damage caused by oxygen impairment is tightly related to the brain's low antioxidant capacity. Oxygen is a key player in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), during which reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis can occur as a physiological side-product of the process. Indeed, besides producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) under normal physiological conditions, mitochondria are the primary source of ROS within the cell. This is because, in 0.2-2% of cases, the escape of electrons from complex I (NADPH-dehydrogenase) and III of the electron transport chain occurring in mitochondria during ATP synthesis leads to the production of the superoxide radical anion (O2•-), which exerts detrimental intracellular effects owing to its high molecular instability. Along with ROS, reactive nitrosative species (RNS) also contribute to the production of free radicals. When the accumulation of ROS and RNS occurs, it can cause membrane lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. Here, we describe the intracellular pathways activated in brain tissue after a lethal/sub lethal ischemic event like stroke or ischemic tolerance, respectively, highlighting the important role played by oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in the onset of the two different ischemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena D’Apolito
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (E.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Maria Josè Sisalli
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Michele Tufano
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (E.D.); (M.T.)
| | | | - Antonella Scorziello
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (E.D.); (M.T.)
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18
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Giorgi C, Castelli V, d’Angelo M, Cimini A. Organoids Modeling Stroke in a Petri Dish. Biomedicines 2024; 12:877. [PMID: 38672231 PMCID: PMC11048104 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a common neurological disorder, the second leading cause of death, and the third leading cause of disability. Unfortunately, the only approved drug for it is tissue plasminogen, but the therapeutic window is limited. In this context, preclinical studies are relevant to better dissect the underlying mechanisms of stroke and for the drug screening of potential therapies. Brain organoids could be relevant in this setting. They are derived from pluripotent stem cells or isolated organ progenitors that differentiate to form an organ-like tissue, exhibiting multiple cell types that self-organize to form a structure not unlike the organ in vivo. Brain organoids mimic many key features of early human brain development at molecular, cellular, structural, and functional levels and have emerged as novel model systems that can be used to investigate human brain diseases including stroke. Brain organoids are a promising and powerful tool for ischemic stroke studies; however, there are a few concerns that need to be addressed, including the lack of vascularization and the many cell types that are typically present in the human brain. The aim of this review is to discuss the potential of brain organoids as a novel model system for studying ischemic stroke, highlighting both the advantages and disadvantages in the use of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michele d’Angelo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (C.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (C.G.); (V.C.)
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19
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Schmidt-Pogoda A, Kaesmacher J, Bonberg N, Werring N, Strecker JK, Koecke MHM, Beuker C, Gralla J, Meier R, Wiendl H, Minnerup H, Fischer U, Minnerup J. The dilemma of neuroprotection trials in times of successful endovascular recanalization. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1383494. [PMID: 38654740 PMCID: PMC11035835 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1383494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The "translational roadblock" between successful animal stroke studies and neutral clinical trials is usually attributed to conceptual weaknesses. However, we hypothesized that rodent studies cannot inform the human disease due to intrinsic pathophysiological differences between rodents and humans., i.e., differences in infarct evolution. Methods To verify our hypothesis, we employed a mixed study design and compared findings from meta-analyses of animal studies and a retrospective clinical cohort study. For animal data, we systematically searched pubmed to identify all rodent studies, in which stroke was induced by MCAO and at least two sequential MRI scans were performed for infarct volume assessment within the first two days. For clinical data, we included 107 consecutive stroke patients with large artery occlusion, who received MRI scans upon admission and one or two days later. Results Our preclinical meta-analyses included 50 studies with 676 animals. Untreated animals had a median post-reperfusion infarct volume growth of 74%. Neuroprotective treatments reduced this infarct volume growth to 23%. A retrospective clinical cohort study showed that stroke patients had a median infarct volume growth of only 2% after successful recanalization. Stroke patients with unsuccessful recanalization, by contrast, experienced a meaningful median infarct growth of 148%. Conclusion Our study shows that rodents have a significant post-reperfusion infarct growth, and that this post-reperfusion infarct growth is the target of neuroprotective treatments. Stroke patients with successful recanalization do not have such infarct growth and thus have no target for neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Schmidt-Pogoda
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Kaesmacher
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Bonberg
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nils Werring
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jan-Kolja Strecker
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Mailin Hannah Marie Koecke
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Carolin Beuker
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jan Gralla
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Meier
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Heike Minnerup
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Urs Fischer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jens Minnerup
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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20
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Villa-González M, Rubio M, Martín-López G, Mallavibarrena PR, Vallés-Saiz L, Vivien D, Wandosell F, Pérez-Álvarez MJ. Pharmacological inhibition of mTORC1 reduces neural death and damage volume after MCAO by modulating microglial reactivity. Biol Direct 2024; 19:26. [PMID: 38582839 PMCID: PMC10999095 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-024-00470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a sudden and acute disease characterized by neuronal death, increment of reactive gliosis (reactive microglia and astrocytes), and a severe inflammatory process. Neuroinflammation is an early event after cerebral ischemia, with microglia playing a leading role. Reactive microglia involve functional and morphological changes that drive a wide variety of phenotypes. In this context, deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying such reactive microglial is essential to devise strategies to protect neurons and maintain certain brain functions affected by early neuroinflammation after ischemia. Here, we studied the role of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity in the microglial response using a murine model of cerebral ischemia in the acute phase. We also determined the therapeutic relevance of the pharmacological administration of rapamycin, a mTOR inhibitor, before and after ischemic injury. Our data show that rapamycin, administered before or after brain ischemia induction, reduced the volume of brain damage and neuronal loss by attenuating the microglial response. Therefore, our findings indicate that the pharmacological inhibition of mTORC1 in the acute phase of ischemia may provide an alternative strategy to reduce neuronal damage through attenuation of the associated neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Villa-González
- Departamento de Biología (Fisiología Animal), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Rubio
- Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, Normandie University, UNICAEN, UMR-S U1237, INSERM, Institut Blood and Brain @ CaenNormandie, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Gerardo Martín-López
- Departamento de Biología (Fisiología Animal), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula R Mallavibarrena
- Departamento de Biología (Fisiología Animal), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Denis Vivien
- Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, Normandie University, UNICAEN, UMR-S U1237, INSERM, Institut Blood and Brain @ CaenNormandie, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen-Normandie Hospital (CHU), Caen, France
| | - Francisco Wandosell
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria José Pérez-Álvarez
- Departamento de Biología (Fisiología Animal), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular (IUBM-UAM), Madrid, Spain.
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21
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Li G, Lan L, He T, Tang Z, Liu S, Li Y, Huang Z, Guan Y, Li X, Zhang Y, Lai HY. Comprehensive Assessment of Ischemic Stroke in Nonhuman Primates: Neuroimaging, Behavioral, and Serum Proteomic Analysis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1548-1559. [PMID: 38527459 PMCID: PMC10996879 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic strokes, prevalence and impactful, underscore the necessity of advanced research models closely resembling human physiology. Our study utilizes nonhuman primates (NHPs) to provide a detailed exploration of ischemic stroke, integrating neuroimaging data, behavioral outcomes, and serum proteomics to elucidate the complex interplay of factors involved in stroke pathophysiology. We observed a consistent pattern in infarct volume, peaking at 1-month postmiddle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and then stabilized. This pattern was strongly correlated to notable changes in motor function and working memory performance. Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), we detected significant alterations in fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values, signaling microstructural changes in the brain. These alterations closely correlated with the neurological and cognitive deficits that we observed, highlighting the sensitivity of DTI metrics in stroke assessment. Behaviorally, the monkeys exhibited a reliance on their unaffected limb for compensatory movements, a common response to stroke impairment. This adaptation, along with consistent DTI findings, suggests a significant impact of stroke on motor function and spatial perception. Proteomic analysis through MS/MS functional enrichment identified two distinct groups of proteins with significant changes post-MCAO. Notably, MMP9, THBS1, MB, PFN1, and YWHAZ were identified as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke. Our results underscore the complex nature of stroke and advocate for an integrated approach, combining neuroimaging, behavioral studies, and proteomics, for advancing our understanding and treatment of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Li
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Lan Lan
- Department
of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang
University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China
- Department
of Psychology and Behavior Science, Zhejiang
University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Tingting He
- Department
of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang
University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China
- College
of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Department
of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang
University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Shuhua Liu
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Zhongqiang Huang
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Yalun Guan
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Xuejiao Li
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Hsin-Yi Lai
- Department
of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang
University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China
- College
of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
- Liangzhu
Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine
Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, School
of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang
University, Hangzhou 310029, China
- Affiliated
Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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22
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Zhang SS, Zhang JW, Zhang KX, Cui WQ, Zhi HW, Li HT, Wu HY, Wang YH. Hsa-miR-877-5p Expression in Acute Ischemic Stroke Based on Bioinformatics Analysis and Clinical Validation. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1990-2005. [PMID: 37837492 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03675-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and immunity play important roles in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. This study aimed to explore key regulatory genes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and their underlying mechanisms to provide new research targets for the diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke. We searched for differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs in patients with AIS and healthy populations in GEO databases, constructed a miRNA-mRNA network, and screened key miRNAs using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and the support vector machine-recursive feature elimination model. Correlations between key miRNAs and infiltrating immune cells and inflammatory factors were analyzed using CIBERSORT and immunoassays and verified using clinical experiments. Bioinformatics analysis identified hsa-miR-877-5p as a key regulatory miRNA in AIS that can modulate immune and inflammatory responses. In clinical studies, it was verified by quantitative PCR analysis that the expression of hsa-miR-877-5p in the blood of AIS patients was higher than that of the healthy group. Then, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that the expression of IL-23 and TNF-α related to inflammation in AIS patients was higher than that of the healthy. Quantitative PCR further found that the relative mRNA expression of IL-23, CXCR3, and TNF-α in AIS group was higher than that of the healthy group. This study may provide a basis for a more comprehensive understanding of the potential mechanism of the occurrence and development of AIS, and hsa-miR-877-5p and its downstream effectors IL-23, CXCR3, and TNF-α may be potential intervention targets in AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Shuo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingshi Road No.16369 in Lixia District, Jinan, China
| | - Ji-Wei Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, University Road NO.4655 in Changqing District, Jinan, China
| | - Kai-Xin Zhang
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, University Road NO.4655 in Changqing District, Jinan, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Cui
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingshi Road No.16369 in Lixia District, Jinan, China
| | - Hong-Wei Zhi
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingshi Road No.16369 in Lixia District, Jinan, China
| | - Hai-Tao Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingshi Road No.16369 in Lixia District, Jinan, China
| | - Hong-Yun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingshi Road No.16369 in Lixia District, Jinan, China
| | - Ya-Han Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingshi Road No.16369 in Lixia District, Jinan, China.
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23
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Zong P, Feng J, Li CX, Jellison ER, Yue Z, Miller B, Yue L. Activation of endothelial TRPM2 exacerbates blood-brain barrier degradation in ischemic stroke. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:188-202. [PMID: 37595268 PMCID: PMC10936752 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Damage of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a hallmark of brain injury during the early stages of ischemic stroke. The subsequent endothelial hyperpermeability drives the initial pathological changes and aggravates neuronal death. Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) is a Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel activated by oxidative stress. However, whether TRPM2 is involved in BBB degradation during ischemic stroke remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the role of TRPM2 in BBB degradation during ischemic stroke and the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS Specific deletion of Trpm2 in endothelial cells using Cdh5 Cre produces a potent protective effect against brain injury in mice subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), which is characterized by reduced infarction size, mitigated plasma extravasation, suppressed immune cell invasion, and inhibited oxidative stress. In vitro experiments using cultured cerebral endothelial cells (CECs) demonstrated that either Trpm2 deletion or inhibition of TRPM2 activation attenuates oxidative stress, Ca2+ overload, and endothelial hyperpermeability induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and CD36 ligand thrombospondin-1 (TSP1). In transfected HEK293T cells, OGD and TSP1 activate TRPM2 in a CD36-dependent manner. Noticeably, in cultured CECs, deleting Trpm2 or inhibiting TRPM2 activation also suppresses the activation of CD36 and cellular dysfunction induced by OGD or TSP1. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our data reveal a novel molecular mechanism in which TRPM2 and CD36 promote the activation of each other, which exacerbates endothelial dysfunction during ischemic stroke. Our study suggests that TRPM2 in endothelial cells is a promising target for developing more effective and safer therapies for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Zong
- Department of Cell Biology, Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine (UConn Health), 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine (UConn Health), 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Jianlin Feng
- Department of Cell Biology, Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine (UConn Health), 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Cindy X Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine (UConn Health), 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Evan R Jellison
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine (UConn Health), 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Zhichao Yue
- Department of Cell Biology, Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine (UConn Health), 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Barbara Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Lixia Yue
- Department of Cell Biology, Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine (UConn Health), 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine (UConn Health), 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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24
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Zhang S, Jiao H. Kaempferol regulates apoptosis and migration of neural stem cells to attenuate cerebral infarction by O-GlcNAcylation of β-catenin. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220829. [PMID: 38585626 PMCID: PMC10997142 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke remains a major cause of disability and death. Kaempferol (Kae) is a neuroprotective flavonoid compound. Thus, this study aimed to explore the impact of Kae on cerebral infarction. We generated the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model to study the effects of Kae on infarction volume and neurological function. The oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)/reoxygenation (R) model of neural stem cells (NSCs) was established to study the effects of Kae on cell viability, migration, and apoptosis. Cell processes were assessed by cell counting kit-8, Transwell assay, flow cytometry, and TUNEL analysis. The molecular mechanism was assessed using the Western blot. The results indicated that Kae attenuated MCAO-induced cerebral infarction and neurological injury. Besides, Kae promoted cell viability and migration and inhibited apoptosis of OGD/R-treated NSCs. Moreover, OGD/R suppressed total O-GlcNAcylation level and O-GlcNAcylation of β-catenin, thereby suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, whereas Kae reversed the suppression. Inactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway abrogated the biological functions of NSCs mediated by Kae. In conclusion, Kae suppressed cerebral infarction by facilitating NSC viability, migration, and inhibiting apoptosis. Mechanically, Kae promoted O-GlcNAcylation of β-catenin to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Kae may have a lessening effect on ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Honglei Jiao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
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Wang H, Ma W, Hu W, Li X, Shen N, Li Z, Kong X, Lin T, Gao J, Zhu T, Che F, Chen J, Wan Q. Cathodal bilateral transcranial direct-current stimulation regulates selenium to confer neuroprotection after rat cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury. J Physiol 2024; 602:1175-1197. [PMID: 38431908 DOI: 10.1113/jp285806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) is a safe ischaemic stroke therapy. Cathodal bilateral tDCS (BtDCS) is a modified tDCS approach established by us recently. Because selenium (Se) plays a crucial role in cerebral ischaemic injury, we investigated whether cathodal BtDCS conferred neuroprotection via regulating Se-dependent signalling in rat cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. We first showed that the levels of Se and its transport protein selenoprotein P (SEPP1) were reduced in the rat cortical penumbra following I/R, whereas cathodal BtDCS prevented the reduction of Se and SEPP1. Interestingly, direct-current stimulation (DCS) increased SEPP1 level in cultured astrocytes subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation reoxygenation (OGD/R) but had no effect on SEPP1 level in OGD/R-insulted neurons, indicating that DCS may increase Se in ischaemic neurons by enhancing the synthesis and secretion of SEPP1 in astrocytes. We then revealed that DCS reduced the number of injured mitochondria in OGD/R-insulted neurons cocultured with astrocytes. DCS and BtDCS prevented the reduction of the mitochondrial quality-control signalling, vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2) and syntaxin-4 (STX4), in OGD/R-insulted neurons cocultured with astrocytes and the ischaemic brain respectively. Under the same experimental conditions, downregulation of SEPP1 blocked DCS- and BtDCS-induced upregulation of VAMP2 and STX4. Finally, we demonstrated that cathodal BtDCS increased Se to reduce infract volume following I/R. Together, the present study uncovered a molecular mechanism by which cathodal BtDCS confers neuroprotection through increasing SEPP1 in astrocytes and subsequent upregulation of SEPP1/VAMP2/STX4 signalling in ischaemic neurons after rat cerebral I/R injury. KEY POINTS: Cathodal bilateral transcranial direct-current stimulation (BtDCS) prevents the reduction of selenium (Se) and selenoprotein P in the ischaemic penumbra. Se plays a crucial role in cerebral ischaemia injury. Direct-current stimulation reduces mitochondria injury and blocks the reduction of vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2) and syntaxin-4 (STX4) in oxygen-glucose deprivation reoxygenation-insulted neurons following coculturing with astrocytes. Cathodal BtDCS regulates Se/VAMP2/STX4 signalling to confer neuroprotection after ischaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenlong Ma
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjie Hu
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Na Shen
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingchen Gao
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fengyuan Che
- Central Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital, Qingdao University, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Neurology, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Wan
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Gui-Hong Intelligent Medical Technology Co. Ltd, Qingdao, China
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26
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Li Y, Zhang Q, Wang X, Xu F, Niu J, Zhao J, Wang Q. IL-17A deficiency alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via activating ERK/MAPK pathway in hippocampal CA1 region. Brain Res Bull 2024; 208:110890. [PMID: 38302069 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a major complication of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) injury and has an important impact on the quality of life of patients. However, the precise mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment after CIR injury remain elusive. In the current study, we investigated the role of interleukin 17 A (IL-17A) on CIR injury-induced cognitive impairment in wild-type and IL-17A knockout mice using RNA sequencing analysis, neurological assessments, Golgi-Cox staining, dendritic spine analysis, immunofluorescence assay, and western blot analysis. RNA sequencing identified 195 CIR-induced differentially expressed genes (83 upregulated and 112 downregulated), highlighting several enriched biological processes (negative regulation of phosphorylation, transcription regulator complex, and receptor ligand activity) and signaling pathways (mitogen-activated protein kinase [MAPK], tumor necrosis factor, and IL-17 signaling pathways). We also injected adeno-associated virus into the bilateral hippocampal CA1 regions of CIR mice to upregulate or downregulate cyclic AMP response element-binding protein. IL-17A knockout activated the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/MAPK signaling pathway and further improved synaptic plasticity, structure, and function in CIR mice. Together, our findings suggest that IL-17A deficiency alleviates CIR injury by activating the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway and enhancing hippocampal synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050051, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050031, China
| | - Xupeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050051, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050051, China
| | - Junfang Niu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050051, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Experimental Teaching Center, Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050001, China
| | - Qiujun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050051, China.
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27
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Ma J, Pu R, Zhou Q, Li M, Shang J. A traditional formula of aconitum complex alleviates post-ischemic stroke by improving neural function. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:327-330. [PMID: 38229545 PMCID: PMC10984856 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ma
- School of Life Science and TechnologyKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650500China
- School of Traditional Chinese PharmacyJiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational ResearchChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
| | - Ruiqi Pu
- School of Life Science and TechnologyKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650500China
| | - Qinyang Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese PharmacyJiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational ResearchChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
| | - Maoru Li
- School of Traditional Chinese PharmacyJiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational ResearchChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
- College of Traditional Chinese MedicineYunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming650500China
| | - Jing Shang
- School of Traditional Chinese PharmacyJiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational ResearchChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China
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28
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Weber RZ, Bernardoni D, Rentsch NH, Buil BA, Halliday S, Augath MA, Razansky D, Tackenberg C, Rust R. A toolkit for stroke infarct volume estimation in rodents. Neuroimage 2024; 287:120518. [PMID: 38219841 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke volume is a key determinant of infarct severity and an important metric for evaluating treatments. However, accurate estimation of stroke volume can be challenging, due to the often confined 2-dimensional nature of available data. Here, we introduce a comprehensive semi-automated toolkit to reliably estimate stroke volumes based on (1) whole brains ex-vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and (2) brain sections that underwent immunofluorescence staining. We located and quantified infarct areas from MRI three days (acute) and 28 days (chronic) after photothrombotic stroke induction in whole mouse brains. MRI results were compared with measures obtained from immunofluorescent histologic sections of the same brains. We found that infarct volume determined by post-mortem MRI was highly correlated with a deviation of only 6.6 % (acute) and 4.9 % (chronic) to the measurements as determined in the histological brain sections indicating that both methods are capable of accurately assessing brain tissue damage (Pearson r > 0.9, p < 0.001). The Dice similarity coefficient (DC) showed a high degree of coherence (DC > 0.8) between MRI-delineated regions of interest (ROIs) and ROIs obtained from histologic sections at four to six pre-defined landmarks, with histology-based delineation demonstrating higher inter-operator similarity compared to MR images. We further investigated stroke-related scarring and post-ischemic angiogenesis in cortical peri‑infarct regions and described a negative correlation between GFAP+fluorescence intensity and MRI-obtained lesion size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Z Weber
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Davide Bernardoni
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nora H Rentsch
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beatriz Achón Buil
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Halliday
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland
| | - Mark-Aurel Augath
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich 8052, Switzerland; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Razansky
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich 8052, Switzerland; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Christian Tackenberg
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ruslan Rust
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States; Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo St., Los Angeles, CA 900893, United States.
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Zhang L, Zhou X, Zhao J, Wang X. Research hotspots and frontiers of preconditioning in cerebral ischemia: A bibliometric analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24757. [PMID: 38317957 PMCID: PMC10839892 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Preconditioning is a promising strategy against ischemic brain injury, and numerous studies in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated its neuroprotective effects. However, at present there is no bibliometric analysis of preconditioning in cerebral ischemia. Therefore, a comprehensive overview of the current status, hot spots, and emerging trends in this research field is necessary. Materials and methods Studies on preconditioning in cerebral ischemia from January 1999-December 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database. CiteSpace was used for data mining and visual analysis. Results A total of 1738 papers on preconditioning in cerebral ischemia were included in the study. The annual publications showed an upwards and then downwards trend but currently remain high in terms of annual publications. The US was the leading country, followed by China, the most active country in recent years. Capital Medical University published the largest number of articles. Perez-Pinzon, Miguel A contributed the most publications, while KITAGAWA K was the most cited author. The focus of the study covered three areas: (1) relevant diseases and experimental models, (2) types of preconditioning and stimuli, and (3) mechanisms of ischemic tolerance. Remote ischemic preconditioning, preconditioning of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and inflammation are the frontiers of research in this field. Conclusion Our study provides a visual and scientific overview of research on preconditioning in cerebral ischemia, providing valuable information and new directions for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zibo TCM-Integrated Hospital, Zibo ,255026, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Xingchen Wang
- Division of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250001, China
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30
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Zhu H, Zhong Y, Chen R, Wang L, Li Y, Jian Z, Gu L, Xiong X. ATG5 Knockdown Attenuates Ischemia‒Reperfusion Injury by Reducing Excessive Autophagy-Induced Ferroptosis. Transl Stroke Res 2024; 15:153-164. [PMID: 36522583 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01118-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy has been described to be both protective and pathogenic in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The underlying association between autophagy and ferroptosis in ischemic stroke has not yet been clearly investigated. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5) in experimental ischemic stroke. After injection of ATG5 shRNA lentivirus, mice underwent surgery for transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced focal cerebral ischemia. The infarct volume, neurological function, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), autophagy, and ferroptosis levels were evaluated. After MCAO, ATG5-knockdown mice had a smaller infarct size and fewer neurological deficits than wild-type mice. The levels of apoptosis and ROS in ischemic mouse brains were alleviated through ATG5 knockdown. The expression of LC3 I/II was reduced through ATG5 knockdown after MCAO. Additionally, the expression of beclin1 and LC3 II was increased after I/R, but the increase was counteracted by preconditioning with ATG5 knockdown. After ischemic stroke, the levels of Fe2+ and malondialdehyde (MDA) were increased, but they were reduced by ATG5 knockdown. Similarly, the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and glutathione (GSH) was decreased by I/R but elevated by ATG5 knockdown. The present study shows that ATG5 knockdown attenuates autophagy-induced ferroptosis, which may offer a novel potential approach for ischemic stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
| | - Yuntao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Jian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijuan Gu
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiaoxing Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China.
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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31
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Gupta S, Khan J, Ghosh S. Molecular mechanism of cognitive impairment associated with Parkinson's disease: A stroke perspective. Life Sci 2024; 337:122358. [PMID: 38128756 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurological illness that causes several motor and non-motor symptoms, most characteristically limb tremors and bradykinesia. PD is a slowly worsening disease that arises due to progressive neurodegeneration of specific areas of the brain, especially the substantia nigra of the midbrain. Even though PD has continuously been linked to a higher mortality risk in numerous epidemiologic studies, there have been significant discoveries regarding the connection between PD and stroke. The incidence of strokes such as cerebral infarction and hemorrhage is substantially associated with the development of PD. Moreover, cognitive impairments, primarily dementia, have been associated with stroke and PD. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of this phenomenon is still obscure. This concise review focuses on the relationship between stroke and PD, emphasizing the molecular mechanism of cognition deficit and memory loss evident in PD and stroke. Furthermore, we are also highlighting some potential drug molecules that can target both PD and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanju Gupta
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur (IIT-Jodhpur), Rajasthan 342037, India
| | - Juhee Khan
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur (IIT-Jodhpur), Rajasthan 342037, India
| | - Surajit Ghosh
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur (IIT-Jodhpur), Rajasthan 342037, India.
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Maïer B, Di Meglio L, Desilles JP, Solo Nomenjanahary M, Delvoye F, Kyheng M, Boursin P, Ollivier V, Dupont S, Rambaud T, Hamdani M, Labreuche J, Blanc R, Piotin M, Halimi JM, Mazighi M, Ho-Tin-Noe B. Neutrophil activation in patients treated with endovascular therapy is associated with unfavorable outcomes and mitigated by intravenous thrombolysis. J Neurointerv Surg 2024; 16:131-137. [PMID: 37068937 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2022-020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence indicates that neutrophil activation (NA) contributes to microvascular thromboinflammation in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to a large vessel occlusion. Preclinical data have suggested that intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) before endovascular therapy (EVT) could dampen microvascular thromboinflammation. In this study we investigated the association between NA dynamics and stroke outcome, and the impact of IVT on NA in patients with AIS treated with EVT. METHODS A single-center prospective study was carried out, including patients treated with EVT for whom three blood samples (before, within 1 hour, 24 hours post-EVT) were drawn to measure plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO) concentration as a marker of NA. Unfavorable outcome was defined as a modified Rankin score of 3-6 at 3 months. RESULTS Between 2016 and 2020, 179 patients were included. The plasma MPO concentration peaked significantly 1 hour post-EVT (median increase 21.0 ng/mL (IQR -2.1-150)) and returned to pre-EVT baseline values 24 hours after EVT (median change from baseline -0.8 ng/mL (IQR -7.6-6.7)). This peak was strongly associated with unfavorable outcomes at 3 months (aOR 0.53 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.84), P=0.007). IVT before EVT abolished this 1 hour post-EVT MPO peak. Changes in plasma MPO concentration (baseline to 1 hour post-EVT) were associated with unfavorable outcomes only in patients not treated with IVT before EVT (aOR 0.54 (95% CI 0.33 to 0.88, P=0.013). However, we found no significant heterogeneity in the associations between changes in plasma MPO concentration and outcomes. CONCLUSIONS A peak in plasma MPO concentration occurs early after EVT and is associated with unfavorable outcomes. IVT abolished the post-EVT MPO peak and may modulate the association between NA and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Maïer
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
- Neurology Department, Hôpital Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
- FHU NeuroVasc, Paris, France
| | - Lucas Di Meglio
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Desilles
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
- FHU NeuroVasc, Paris, France
| | - Mialitiana Solo Nomenjanahary
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - François Delvoye
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Maeva Kyheng
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Perrine Boursin
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Ollivier
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Dupont
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Rambaud
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Mylène Hamdani
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Raphaël Blanc
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Michel Piotin
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Halimi
- Nephrology Department, Tours Hospital, Tours, France
- EA4245-Transplantation, Immunology and Inflammation, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Mikaël Mazighi
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
- FHU NeuroVasc, Paris, France
- Department of Neurology, Lariboisiere Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Ho-Tin-Noe
- UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, F-75006 Paris, France, Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
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Yang T, Liu X, Zhou Y, Du L, Fu Y, Luo Y, Zhang W, Feng Z, Ge J, Mei Z. Sanpian decoction ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating SIRT1/ERK/HIF-1α pathway through in silico analysis and experimental validation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116898. [PMID: 37467820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a complex pathophysiological process involving multiple factors, and becomes the footstone of rehabilitation after ischemic stroke. Sanpian decoction (SPD) has exhibited protective effects against CIRI, migraine, and other cerebral vascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been completely elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study sought to explore the potential mechanisms underlying the effect of SPD against CIRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) were carried out to determine the chemical constituents of SPD. A network pharmacology approach combined with experimental verification was conducted to elucidate SPD's multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway mechanisms in CIRI occurrence. The pharmacodynamics of the decoction was evaluated by establishing the rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). In vivo and in vitro experiments were carried out, and the therapeutic effects of SPD were performed using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and Nissl staining. We used terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining and flow cytometry to evaluate cortex apoptosis. The quantification of mRNA and corresponding proteins were performed using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot respectively. RESULTS Our research showed that pretreatment with SPD improved neurological function and inhibited CIRI. Network pharmacology revealed that the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway-mediated apoptosis may be associated with CIRI. In vivo and in vitro experiments, we confirmed that SPD increased cerebral blood flow, improved neural function, and reduced neural apoptosis via up-regulating the expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and down-regulating phospho-extracellular regulated protein kinases (p-ERK)/ERK and HIF-1α levels in CIRI rats. CONCLUSION Taken together, the present study systematically revealed the potential targets and signaling pathways of SPD in the treatment of CIRI using in silico prediction and verified the therapeutic effects of SPD against CIRI via ameliorating apoptosis by regulating SIRT1/ERK/HIF-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaolu Liu
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Lipeng Du
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Xiangyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei, China
| | - Yanan Luo
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Zhitao Feng
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China.
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China; Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China.
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Xu Y, Fang X, Zhao Z, Wu H, Fan H, Zhang Y, Meng Q, Rong Q, Fukunaga K, Guo Q, Liu Q. GPR124 induces NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in endothelial cells during ischemic injury. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 962:176228. [PMID: 38042462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE G protein-coupled receptor 124 (GPR124) regulates central nervous system angiogenesis and blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, and its deficiency aggravates BBB breakdown and hemorrhagic transformation in ischemic mice. However, excessive GPR124 expression promotes inflammation in atherosclerotic mice. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role of GPR124 in hypoxia/ischemia-induced cerebrovascular endothelial cell injury. METHODS bEnd.3 cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), and time-dependent changes in GPR124 mRNA and protein expression were evaluated using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. The effects of GPR124 overexpression or knockdown on the expression of pyroptosis-related genes were assessed at the mRNA and protein levels. Tadehaginoside (TA) was screened as a potential small molecule targeting GPR124, and its effects on pyroptosis-related signaling pathways were investigated. Finally, the therapeutic efficacy of TA was evaluated using a rat model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (tMCAO/R). RESULTS During OGD, the expression of GPR124 initially increased and then decreased over time, with the highest levels observed 1 h after OGD. The overexpression of GPR124 enhanced the OGD-induced expression of NLRP3, Caspase-1, and Gasdermin D (GSDMD) in bEnd.3 cells, whereas GPR124 knockdown reduced pyroptosis. Additionally, TA exhibited a high targeting ability to GPR124, significantly inhibiting its function and expression and suppressing the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins during OGD. Furthermore, TA treatment significantly reduced the cerebral infarct volume and pyroptotic signaling in tMCAO/R rats. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that GPR124 mediates pyroptotic signaling in endothelial cells during the early stages of hypoxia/ischemia, thereby exacerbating ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqian Xu
- Department of Pharmacy & Engineering Research Center of Tropical Medicine Innovation and Transformation, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
| | - Xingyue Fang
- Department of Pharmacy & Engineering Research Center of Tropical Medicine Innovation and Transformation, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
| | - Zhenqiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Haolin Wu
- Department of Pharmacy & Engineering Research Center of Tropical Medicine Innovation and Transformation, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
| | - Haofei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Qingwen Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic and Life Science, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Qiongwen Rong
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- Department of CNS Drug Innovation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Qingyun Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic and Life Science, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China; Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.
| | - Qibing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy & Engineering Research Center of Tropical Medicine Innovation and Transformation, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic and Life Science, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.
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Khan R, Di Gesù CM, Lee J, McCullough LD. The contribution of age-related changes in the gut-brain axis to neurological disorders. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2302801. [PMID: 38237031 PMCID: PMC10798364 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2302801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Trillions of microbes live symbiotically in the host, specifically in mucosal tissues such as the gut. Recent advances in metagenomics and metabolomics have revealed that the gut microbiota plays a critical role in the regulation of host immunity and metabolism, communicating through bidirectional interactions in the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA). The gut microbiota regulates both gut and systemic immunity and contributes to the neurodevelopment and behaviors of the host. With aging, the composition of the microbiota changes, and emerging studies have linked these shifts in microbial populations to age-related neurological diseases (NDs). Preclinical studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota-targeted therapies can improve behavioral outcomes in the host by modulating microbial, metabolomic, and immunological profiles. In this review, we discuss the pathways of brain-to-gut or gut-to-brain signaling and summarize the role of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites across the lifespan and in disease. We highlight recent studies investigating 1) microbial changes with aging; 2) how aging of the maternal microbiome can affect offspring health; and 3) the contribution of the microbiome to both chronic age-related diseases (e.g., Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and cerebral amyloidosis), and acute brain injury, including ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romeesa Khan
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Claudia M. Di Gesù
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Juneyoung Lee
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Louise D. McCullough
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
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Wang Y, Yin Q, Yang D, Jin H, Yao Y, Song J, Liu C, Nie Y, Yin H, Wang W, Xu B, Xue L, Ji X, Chen X, Zhao H. LCP1 knockdown in monocyte-derived macrophages: mitigating ischemic brain injury and shaping immune cell signaling and metabolism. Theranostics 2024; 14:159-175. [PMID: 38164159 PMCID: PMC10750214 DOI: 10.7150/thno.88678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Ischemic stroke poses a significant health burden with limited treatment options. Lymphocyte Cytosolic Protein 1 (LCP1) facilitates cell migration and immune responses by aiding in actin polymerization, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and phagocytosis. We have demonstrated that the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Maclpil silencing in monocyte-derived macrophages (MoDMs) led to LCP1 inhibition, reducing ischemic brain damage. However, the role of LCP1 of MoDMs in ischemic stroke remains unknown. Methods and Results: We investigated the impact of LCP1 on ischemic brain injury and immune cell signaling and metabolism. We found that knockdown of LCP1 in MoDMs demonstrated robust protection against ischemic infarction and improved neurological behaviors in mice. Utilizing the high-dimensional CyTOF technique, we demonstrated that knocking down LCP1 in MoDMs led to a reduction in neuroinflammation and attenuation of lymphopenia, which is linked to immunodepression. It also showed altered immune cell signaling by modulating the phosphorylation levels of key kinases and transcription factors, including p-PLCg2, p-ERK1/2, p-EGFR, p-AKT, and p4E-BP1 as well as transcription factors like p-STAT1, p-STAT3, and p-STAT4. Further bioinformatic analysis indicated that Akt and EGFR are particularly involved in fatty acid metabolism and glycolysis. Indeed, single-cell sequencing analysis confirmed that enrichment of fatty acid and glycolysis metabolism in Lcp1high monocytes/macrophages. Furthermore, Lcp1high cells exhibited enhanced oxidative phosphorylation, chemotaxis, migration, and ATP biosynthesis pathways. In vitro experiments confirmed the role of LCP1 in regulating mitochondrial function and fatty acid uptake. Conclusions: These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of LCP1 in the context of ischemic stroke and provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies targeting LCP1 and metabolic pathways, aiming to attenuating neuroinflammation and lymphopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Road, MSLS Building, Stanford, USA
| | - Qianqian Yin
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Decao Yang
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haojie Jin
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, The College of forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Road, MSLS Building, Stanford, USA
| | - Jibing Song
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, China
| | - Cuiying Liu
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Nie
- Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Organ Transplant Center, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiang Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Xenotransplantation of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Baohui Xu
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Road, MSLS Building, Stanford, USA
| | - Lixiang Xue
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xunming Ji
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Heng Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Deng X, Zeng Y, Ding D. MiR-30c-5p-Targeted Regulation of GNAI2 Improves Neural Function Injury and Inflammation in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-023-04802-5. [PMID: 38153649 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04802-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
MiRNAs are related to neuronal proliferation and apoptosis following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). This study focused on miR-30c-5p in the disease. An oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) model was prepared in HT22 cells and transfected to overexpress miR-30c-5p and G Protein Subunit Alpha I2 (GNAI2) respectively or co-transfected to silence miR-30c-5p and GNAI2. Meanwhile, a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was constructed in mice, and miR-30c-5p and GNAI2 were silenced in vivo simultaneously. The mice were evaluated for neurological damage, apoptosis, and inflammation. HT22 cells were tested for cytotoxicity, proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory factors. The interaction between miR-30c-5p and GNAI2 was predicted, analyzed, and confirmed. MiR-30c-5p was found to be downregulated in both experimental models. miR-30c-5p reduced lactate dehydrogenase production, inflammatory response, inhibit apoptosis, and enhanced neuronal proliferation, while GNAI2 overexpression showed the opposite results. Downregulated miR-30c-5p worsened neurological function, apoptosis, and inflammation of MCAO mice while silencing GNAI2 attenuated the influence of downregulated miR-30c-5p. MiR-30c-5p can improve neuronal apoptosis and inflammatory response caused by CIRI and is neuroprotective by targeting GNAI2, providing a new target for treating CIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Deng
- Department of Neurology, Yichun People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, No. 1061 Jinxiu Avenue, Yuanzhou District, Yichun City, Jiangxi Province, 336000, China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Yichun People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, No. 1061 Jinxiu Avenue, Yuanzhou District, Yichun City, Jiangxi Province, 336000, China
| | - Dan Ding
- Department of Neurology, Yichun People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, No. 1061 Jinxiu Avenue, Yuanzhou District, Yichun City, Jiangxi Province, 336000, China.
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Goodman GW, Do TH, Tan C, Ritzel RM. Drivers of Chronic Pathology Following Ischemic Stroke: A Descriptive Review. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 44:7. [PMID: 38112809 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01437-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is the third leading cause of death and long-term disability in the world. Considered largely a disease of aging, its global economic and healthcare burden is expected to rise as more people survive into advanced age. With recent advances in acute stroke management, including the expansion of time windows for treatment with intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy, we are likely to see an increase in survival rates. It is therefore critically important to understand the complete pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, both in the acute and subacute stages and during the chronic phase in the months and years following an ischemic event. One of the most clinically relevant aspects of the chronic sequelae of stroke is its extended negative effect on cognition. Cognitive impairment may be related to the deterioration and dysfunctional reorganization of white matter seen at later timepoints after stroke, as well as ongoing progressive neurodegeneration. The vasculature of the brain also undergoes significant insult and remodeling following stroke, undergoing changes which may further contribute to chronic stroke pathology. While inflammation and the immune response are well established drivers of acute stroke pathology, the chronicity and functional role of innate and adaptive immune responses in the post-ischemic brain and in the peripheral environment remain largely uncharacterized. In this review, we summarize the current literature on post-stroke injury progression, its chronic pathological features, and the putative secondary injury mechanisms underlying the development of cognitive impairment and dementia. We present findings from clinical and experimental studies and discuss the long-term effects of ischemic stroke on both brain anatomy and functional outcome. Identifying mechanisms that occur months to years after injury could lead to treatment strategies in the chronic phase of stroke to help mitigate stroke-associated cognitive decline in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant W Goodman
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Trang H Do
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rodney M Ritzel
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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Zhou J, Khateeb K, Yazdan-Shahmorad A. Early Intervention with Electrical Stimulation Reduces Neural Damage After Stroke in Non-human Primates. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.18.572235. [PMID: 38187669 PMCID: PMC10769281 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.18.572235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a neurological condition that results in significant mortality and long-term disability for adults, creating huge health burdens worldwide. For stroke patients, acute intervention offers the most critical therapeutic opportunity as it can reduce irreversible tissue injury and improve functional outcomes. However, currently available treatments within the acute window are highly limited. Although emerging neuromodulation therapies have been tested for chronic stroke patients, acute stimulation is rarely studied due to the risk of causing adverse effects related to ischemia-induced electrical instability. To address this gap, we combined electrophysiology and histology tools to investigate the effects of acute electrical stimulation on ischemic neural damage in non-human primates. Specifically, we induced photothrombotic lesions in the monkey sensorimotor cortex while collecting electrocorticography (ECoG) signals through a customized neural interface. Gamma activity in ECoG was used as an electrophysiological marker to track the effects of stimulation on neural activation. Meanwhile, histological analysis including Nissl, cFos, and microglial staining was performed to evaluate the tissue response to ischemic injury. Comparing stimulated monkeys to controls, we found that theta-burst stimulation administered directly adjacent to the ischemic infarct at 1 hour post-stroke briefly inhibits peri-infarct neuronal activation as reflected by decreased ECoG gamma power and cFos expression. Meanwhile, lower microglial activation and smaller lesion volumes were observed in animals receiving post-stroke stimulation. Together, these results suggest that acute electrical stimulation can be used safely and effectively as an early stroke intervention to reduce excitotoxicity and inflammation, thus mitigating neural damage and enhancing stroke outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98195
| | - Karam Khateeb
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98195
| | - Azadeh Yazdan-Shahmorad
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98195
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195
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40
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Matur AV, Candelario-Jalil E, Paul S, Karamyan VT, Lee JD, Pennypacker K, Fraser JF. Translating Animal Models of Ischemic Stroke to the Human Condition. Transl Stroke Res 2023; 14:842-853. [PMID: 36125734 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability. However, very few neuroprotective agents have shown promise for treatment of ischemic stroke in clinical trials, despite showing efficacy in many successful preclinical studies. This may be attributed, at least in part, to the incongruency between experimental animal stroke models used in preclinical studies and the manifestation of ischemic stroke in humans. Most often the human population selected for clinical trials are more diverse than the experimental model used in a preclinical study. For successful translation, it is critical to develop clinical trial designs that match the experimental animal model used in the preclinical study. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of commonly used animal models with clear correlates between rodent models used to study ischemic stroke and the clinical stroke pathologies with which they most closely align. By improving the correlation between preclinical studies and clinical trials, new neuroprotective agents and stroke therapies may be more accurately and efficiently identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijith V Matur
- Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Eduardo Candelario-Jalil
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Surojit Paul
- Department of Neurology and Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Vardan T Karamyan
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Jessica D Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Keith Pennypacker
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Justin F Fraser
- Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Rogalewski A, Schäbitz W. [Therapies for the Improvement of Stroke Recovery - Assessment of Clinical Trial Results]. FORTSCHRITTE DER NEUROLOGIE-PSYCHIATRIE 2023; 91:516-522. [PMID: 38081165 DOI: 10.1055/a-2181-1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Recovery processes after stroke include restoration or compensation of function initially lost or newly acquired after injury. Therapeutic interventions can either directly improve these processes and/or inhibit processes that impede regeneration. Numerous experimental studies suggested a great opportunity for such treatments, but the results from recent large clinical trials with neuromodulators such as dopamine and fluoxetine have been rather disappointing. The reasons for this are manifold and involve the extrapolation of results from animal models to humans. Given the differences between animals and humans in genetic and epigenetic background, brain size and anatomy, cerebral vascular anatomy, immune system, as well as clinical function, and behavior, direct extrapolation is unlikely to work. Backward blockades include the incompatible adaption of clinical trial objectives and outcomes in clinical trials with regard to previous preclinical findings. For example, the clinical recovery trial design widely varies and has been characterized by the selection of different clinical endpoints, the inclusion a wide spectrum of stroke subtypes and clinical syndromes, and different time windows for treatment initiation after onset of infarction. This review will discuss these aspects based on the results of the recent stroke recovery trials with the aim to contributing to the development of a therapy that improves the functional outcome of a chronic stroke patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rogalewski
- Klinik für Neurologie, Sankt Elisabeth-Hospital Gütersloh, Gütersloh, Germany
| | - Wolf Schäbitz
- Universitätsklinik für Neurologie, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Universitätsklinikum OWL der Universität Bielefeld, Campus Bielefeld-Bethel, Bielefeld, Germany
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Collyer E, Boyle BR, Gomez-Galvez Y, Iacovitti L, Blanco-Suarez E. Absence of chordin-like 1 aids motor recovery in a mouse model of stroke. Exp Neurol 2023; 370:114548. [PMID: 37769794 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Chordin-like 1 (Chrdl1) is an astrocyte-secreted protein that regulates synaptic maturation, and limits plasticity via GluA2-containing AMPA receptors (AMPARs). It was demonstrated that Chrdl1 expression is very heterogeneous throughout the brain, and it is enriched in astrocytes in cortical layers 2/3, with peak expression in the visual cortex at postnatal day 14. In response to ischemic stroke, Chrdl1 is upregulated during the acute and sub-acute phases in the peri-infarct region, potentially hindering recovery after stroke. Here, we used photothrombosis to model ischemic stroke in the motor cortex of adult male and female mice. In this study, we demonstrate that elimination of Chrdl1 in a global knock-out mouse reduces apoptotic cell death at early post-stroke stages and prevents ischemia-driven synaptic loss of AMPA receptors at later time points, all contributing to faster motor recovery. This suggests that synapse-regulating astrocyte-secreted proteins such as Chrdl1 have therapeutic potential to aid functional recovery after an ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Collyer
- Department of Neuroscience, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Vickie & Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bridget R Boyle
- Department of Neuroscience, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Vickie & Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yolanda Gomez-Galvez
- Department of Neuroscience, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Vickie & Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; The Joseph and Marie Field Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lorraine Iacovitti
- Department of Neuroscience, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Vickie & Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; The Joseph and Marie Field Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elena Blanco-Suarez
- Department of Neuroscience, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Vickie & Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Brunner C, Montaldo G, Urban A. Functional ultrasound imaging of stroke in awake rats. eLife 2023; 12:RP88919. [PMID: 37988288 PMCID: PMC10662948 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Anesthesia is a major confounding factor in preclinical stroke research as stroke rarely occurs in sedated patients. Moreover, anesthesia affects both brain functions and the stroke outcome acting as neurotoxic or protective agents. So far, no approaches were well suited to induce stroke while imaging hemodynamics along with simultaneous large-scale recording of brain functions in awake animals. For this reason, the first critical hours following the stroke insult and associated functional alteration remain poorly understood. Here, we present a strategy to investigate both stroke hemodynamics and stroke-induced functional alterations without the confounding effect of anesthesia, i.e., under awake condition. Functional ultrasound (fUS) imaging was used to continuously monitor variations in cerebral blood volume (CBV) in +65 brain regions/hemispheres for up to 3 hr after stroke onset. The focal cortical ischemia was induced using a chemo-thrombotic agent suited for permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in awake rats and followed by ipsi- and contralesional whiskers stimulation to investigate on the dynamic of the thalamocortical functions. Early (0-3 hr) and delayed (day 5) fUS recording enabled to characterize the features of the ischemia (location, CBV loss), spreading depolarizations (occurrence, amplitude) and functional alteration of the somatosensory thalamocortical circuits. Post-stroke thalamocortical functions were affected at both early and later time points (0-3 hr and 5 days) after stroke. Overall, our procedure facilitates early, continuous, and chronic assessments of hemodynamics and cerebral functions. When integrated with stroke studies or other pathological analyses, this approach seeks to enhance our comprehension of physiopathologies towards the development of pertinent therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Brunner
- Neuro-Electronics Research FlandersLeuvenBelgium
- Vlaams Instituut voor BiotechnologieLeuvenBelgium
- Interuniversity Microelectronics CentreLeuvenBelgium
- Department of Neurosciences, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Gabriel Montaldo
- Neuro-Electronics Research FlandersLeuvenBelgium
- Vlaams Instituut voor BiotechnologieLeuvenBelgium
- Interuniversity Microelectronics CentreLeuvenBelgium
- Department of Neurosciences, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Alan Urban
- Neuro-Electronics Research FlandersLeuvenBelgium
- Vlaams Instituut voor BiotechnologieLeuvenBelgium
- Interuniversity Microelectronics CentreLeuvenBelgium
- Department of Neurosciences, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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44
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Cuartas-Vélez C, Middelkamp HHT, van der Meer AD, van den Berg A, Bosschaart N. Tracking the dynamics of thrombus formation in a blood vessel-on-chip with visible-light optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:5642-5655. [PMID: 38021142 PMCID: PMC10659801 DOI: 10.1364/boe.500434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Thrombus formation is a physiological response to damage in a blood vessel that relies on a complex interplay of platelets, coagulation factors, immune cells, and the vessel wall. The dynamics of thrombus formation are essential for a deeper understanding of many disease processes, like bleeding, wound healing, and thrombosis. However, monitoring thrombus formation is challenging due to the limited imaging options available to analyze flowing blood. In this work, we use a visible-light optical coherence tomography (vis-OCT) system to monitor the dynamic process of the formation of thrombi in a microfluidic blood vessel-on-chip (VoC) device. Inside the VoC, thrombi form in a channel lined with a monolayer of endothelial cells and perfused by human whole blood. We show that the correlation of the vis-OCT signal can be utilized as a marker for thrombus formation. By thresholding the correlation during thrombus formation, we track and quantify the growth of the thrombi over time. We validate our results with fluorescence microscopic imaging of fibrin and platelet markers at the end of the blood perfusion assay. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the correlation of the vis-OCT signal can be used to visualize both the spatial and temporal behavior of the thrombus formation in flowing human whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cuartas-Vélez
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Heleen H. T. Middelkamp
- BIOS/Lab on a Chip, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Andries D. van der Meer
- Applied Stem Cell Technologies, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Albert van den Berg
- BIOS/Lab on a Chip, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke Bosschaart
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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45
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Li Y, Schappell LE, Polizu C, DiPersio J, Tsirka SE, Halterman MW, Nadkarni NA. Evolving Clinical-Translational Investigations of Cerebroprotection in Ischemic Stroke. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6715. [PMID: 37959180 PMCID: PMC10649331 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12216715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a highly morbid disease, with over 50% of large vessel stroke (middle cerebral artery or internal carotid artery terminus occlusion) patients suffering disability despite maximal acute reperfusion therapy with thrombolysis and thrombectomy. The discovery of the ischemic penumbra in the 1980s laid the foundation for a salvageable territory in ischemic stroke. Since then, the concept of neuroprotection has been a focus of post-stroke care to (1) minimize the conversion from penumbra to core irreversible infarct, (2) limit secondary damage from ischemia-reperfusion injury, inflammation, and excitotoxicity and (3) to encourage tissue repair. However, despite multiple studies, the preclinical-clinical research enterprise has not yet created an agent that mitigates post-stroke outcomes beyond thrombolysis and mechanical clot retrieval. These translational gaps have not deterred the scientific community as agents are under continuous investigation. The NIH has recently promoted the concept of cerebroprotection to consider the whole brain post-stroke rather than just the neurons. This review will briefly outline the translational science of past, current, and emerging breakthroughs in cerebroprotection and use of these foundational ideas to develop a novel paradigm for optimizing stroke outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Li
- Department of Neurology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8651, USA; (Y.L.); (L.E.S.); (C.P.); (J.D.); (M.W.H.)
| | - Laurel E. Schappell
- Department of Neurology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8651, USA; (Y.L.); (L.E.S.); (C.P.); (J.D.); (M.W.H.)
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8651, USA;
| | - Claire Polizu
- Department of Neurology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8651, USA; (Y.L.); (L.E.S.); (C.P.); (J.D.); (M.W.H.)
| | - James DiPersio
- Department of Neurology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8651, USA; (Y.L.); (L.E.S.); (C.P.); (J.D.); (M.W.H.)
| | - Stella E. Tsirka
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8651, USA;
| | - Marc W. Halterman
- Department of Neurology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8651, USA; (Y.L.); (L.E.S.); (C.P.); (J.D.); (M.W.H.)
| | - Neil A. Nadkarni
- Department of Neurology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8651, USA; (Y.L.); (L.E.S.); (C.P.); (J.D.); (M.W.H.)
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Irie T, Matsuda T, Hayashi Y, Matsuda-Ito K, Kamiya A, Masuda T, Prinz M, Isobe N, Kira JI, Nakashima K. Direct neuronal conversion of microglia/macrophages reinstates neurological function after stroke. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2307972120. [PMID: 37812721 PMCID: PMC10589698 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2307972120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Although generating new neurons in the ischemic injured brain would be an ideal approach to replenish the lost neurons for repairing the damage, the adult mammalian brain retains only limited neurogenic capability. Here, we show that direct conversion of microglia/macrophages into neurons in the brain has great potential as a therapeutic strategy for ischemic brain injury. After transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in adult mice, microglia/macrophages converge at the lesion core of the striatum, where neuronal loss is prominent. Targeted expression of a neurogenic transcription factor, NeuroD1, in microglia/macrophages in the injured striatum enables their conversion into induced neuronal cells that functionally integrate into the existing neuronal circuits. Furthermore, NeuroD1-mediated induced neuronal cell generation significantly improves neurological function in the mouse stroke model, and ablation of these cells abolishes the gained functional recovery. Our findings thus demonstrate that neuronal conversion contributes directly to functional recovery after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Irie
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8582Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8582Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Taito Matsuda
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8582Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hayashi
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 101-8310Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanae Matsuda-Ito
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8582Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akihide Kamiya
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Tokai University School of Medicine, 259-1193Isehara, Japan
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 108-8639Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Masuda
- Division of Molecular Neuroinflammation, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 812-8582Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79106Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres Centre for Biological Signalling Studies and Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, D-79106Freiburg, Germany
| | - Noriko Isobe
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8582Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Kira
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8582Fukuoka, Japan
- Translational Neuroscience Center, Graduate School of Medicine, and School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, 831-8501Okawa, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Brain and Nerve Center, Fukuoka Central Hospital, International University of Health and Welfare, 810-0022Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kinichi Nakashima
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8582Fukuoka, Japan
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Wang J, Li Y, Qi L, Mamtilahun M, Liu C, Liu Z, Shi R, Wu S, Yang GY. Advanced rehabilitation in ischaemic stroke research. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2023:svn-2022-002285. [PMID: 37788912 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2022-002285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, due to the rapid progress of treatment technology in the acute phase of ischaemic stroke, the mortality of patients has been greatly reduced but the number of disabled survivors is increasing, and most of them are elderly patients. Physicians and rehabilitation therapists pay attention to develop all kinds of therapist techniques including physical therapy techniques, robot-assisted technology and artificial intelligence technology, and study the molecular, cellular or synergistic mechanisms of rehabilitation therapies to promote the effect of rehabilitation therapy. Here, we discussed different animal and in vitro models of ischaemic stroke for rehabilitation studies; the compound concept and technology of neurological rehabilitation; all kinds of biological mechanisms of physical therapy; the significance, assessment and efficacy of neurological rehabilitation; the application of brain-computer interface, rehabilitation robotic and non-invasive brain stimulation technology in stroke rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixian Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medical, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medical, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Qi
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muyassar Mamtilahun
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze Liu
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rubing Shi
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengju Wu
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Yan Q, Yin Y, Li X, Li M. Exosome-shuttled MYCBPAP from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells regulates synaptic remodeling and ameliorates ischemic stroke in rats. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 132:102309. [PMID: 37423468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been demonstrated to improve cardiac function via the secretion of paracrine factors rather than direct differentiation. We, therefore, investigated whether bone marrow-derived MSC (BMSC)-released exosomes (BMSC-exo) enhance neurological recovery in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with ischemic stroke. METHODS Markers of BMSC and BMSC-exo were detected to characterize BMSC and BMSC-exo. A green fluorescent PKH-67-labeled assay was conducted to ensure BMSC-exo internalization. Rat neuronal cells (RNC) were induced with Ang II and oxygen-glucose deprivation. The protective effects of BMSC-exo on RNC were studied by CCK-8, LDH, and immunofluorescence assays. SHR were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion, and the systolic and diastolic blood pressure changes in the modeled rats were measured. The effects of BMSC-exo on SHR were investigated by mNSS scoring, foot-fault tests, immunohistochemistry, Western blot, TTC staining, TUNEL, and HE staining. The hub genes related to SHR and proteins shuttled by BMSC-exo were intersected to obtain a possible candidate, followed by rescue experiments. RESULTS BMSC-exo significantly promoted RNC viability and repressed cell apoptosis and cytotoxicity. Moreover, SHR administrated with BMSC-exo exhibited significant improvement in functional recovery and narrowed infarct size. BMSC-exo shuttled the MYCBPAP protein. Knockdown of MYCBPAP inhibited the protective effects of BMSC-exo on RNC and exacerbated synaptic damage in SHR. CONCLUSIONS MYCBPAP shuttled by BMSC-exo facilitates synaptic remodeling in SHR, which may contribute to a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue Yan
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001 Hebei, PR China.
| | - Yong Yin
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001 Hebei, PR China
| | - Xuechun Li
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001 Hebei, PR China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001 Hebei, PR China
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Collyer E, Blanco-Suarez E. Astrocytes in stroke-induced neurodegeneration: a timeline. FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2023; 3:1240862. [PMID: 39086680 PMCID: PMC11285566 DOI: 10.3389/fmmed.2023.1240862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Stroke is a condition characterized by sudden deprivation of blood flow to a brain region and defined by different post-injury phases, which involve various molecular and cellular cascades. At an early stage during the acute phase, fast initial cell death occurs, followed by inflammation and scarring. This is followed by a sub-acute or recovery phase when endogenous plasticity mechanisms may promote spontaneous recovery, depending on various factors that are yet to be completely understood. At later time points, stroke leads to greater neurodegeneration compared to healthy controls in both clinical and preclinical studies, this is evident during the chronic phase when recovery slows down and neurodegenerative signatures appear. Astrocytes have been studied in the context of ischemic stroke due to their role in glutamate re-uptake, as components of the neurovascular unit, as building blocks of the glial scar, and synaptic plasticity regulators. All these roles render astrocytes interesting, yet understudied players in the context of stroke-induced neurodegeneration. With this review, we provide a summary of previous research, highlight astrocytes as potential therapeutic targets, and formulate questions about the role of astrocytes in the mechanisms during the acute, sub-acute, and chronic post-stroke phases that may lead to neurorestoration or neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Blanco-Suarez
- Department of Neuroscience, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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50
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Pinky, Neha, Salman M, Kumar P, Khan MA, Jamal A, Parvez S. Age-related pathophysiological alterations in molecular stress markers and key modulators of hypoxia. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:102022. [PMID: 37490963 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by an adverse cellular environment and pathological alterations in distinct brain regions. The development is triggered or facilitated by a condition such as hypoxia or ischemia, or inflammation and is associated with disruptions of fundamental cellular functions, including metabolic and ion homeostasis. Increasing evidence suggests that hypoxia may affect many pathological aspects of AD, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, amyloidogenic processing of APP, and Aβ accumulation, which may collectively result in neurodegeneration. Further investigation into the relationship between hypoxia and AD may provide an avenue for the effective preservation and pharmacological treatment of this neurodegenerative disease. This review summarizes the effects of normoxia and hypoxia on AD pathogenesis and discusses the underlying mechanisms. Regulation of HIF-1α and the role of its key players, including P53, VEGF, and GLUT1, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinky
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Neha
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Mohd Salman
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Pratika Kumar
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Mohammad Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
| | - Azfar Jamal
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Zulfi-, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; Health and Basic Science Research Centre, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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