1
|
Avila-Jaque D, Martin F, Bustamante ML, Luna Álvarez M, Fernández JM, Dávila Ortiz de Montellano DJ, Pardo R, Varela D, Miranda M. The Phenotypic Spectrum of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 19 in a Series of Latin American Patients. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:1727-1732. [PMID: 38180701 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-023-01654-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia 19 (SCA19) represents a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder resulting in progressive ataxia and cerebellar atrophy. SCA19 is caused by variants in the KCND3 gene, which encodes a voltage-gated potassium channel subunit essential for cerebellar Purkinje cell function. We describe six cases from Chile and Mexico, representing the largest report on SCA19 in Latin America. These cases encompass a range of clinical presentations, highlighting the phenotypic variability within SCA19 from an early-onset, severe disease to a late-onset, slowly progressive condition with normal lifespan. While some patients present with pure ataxia, others also show cognitive impairment, dystonia, and other neurological symptoms. The correlations between specific KCND3 variants and phenotypic outcomes are complex and warrant further investigation. As the genomic landscape of spinocerebellar ataxias evolves, comprehensive genetic testing is becoming pivotal in improving diagnostic accuracy. This study contributes to a better understanding of the clinical spectrum of SCA19, laying the groundwork for further genotype-phenotype correlations and functional studies to elucidate the underlying pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M Leonor Bustamante
- Fundación Diagnosis, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Genética Humana, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - José Manuel Fernández
- Clínica Alemana, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Trastornos del Movimiento (CETRAM), Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Rosa Pardo
- Sección de Genética, Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Varela
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channels-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo Miranda
- Fundación Diagnosis, Santiago, Chile.
- Clínica MEDS, Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Baviera-Muñoz R, Carretero-Vilarroig L, Vázquez-Costa JF, Morata-Martínez C, Campins-Romeu M, Muelas N, Sastre-Bataller I, Martínez-Torres I, Pérez-García J, Sivera R, Sevilla T, Vilchez JJ, Jaijo T, Espinós C, Millán JM, Bataller L, Aller E. Diagnostic Efficacy of Genetic Studies in a Series of Hereditary Cerebellar Ataxias in Eastern Spain. NEUROLOGY GENETICS 2022; 8:e200038. [DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000200038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and ObjectivesTo determine the diagnostic efficacy of clinical exome-targeted sequencing (CES) and spinocerebellar ataxia 36 (SCA36) screening in a real-life cohort of patients with cerebellar ataxia (CA) from Eastern Spain.MethodsA total of 130 unrelated patients with CA, negative for common trinucleotide repeat expansions (SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, SCA6, SCA7, SCA8, SCA12, SCA17, dentatorubral pallidoluysian atrophy [DRPLA], and Friedreich ataxia), were studied with CES. Bioinformatic and genotype-phenotype analyses were performed to assess the pathogenicity of the variants encountered. Copy number variants were analyzed when appropriate. In undiagnosed dominant and sporadic cases, repeat primed PCR was used to screen for the presence of a repeat expansion in theNOP56gene.ResultsCES identified pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in 50 families (39%), including 23 novel variants. Overall, there was a high genetic heterogeneity, and the most frequent genetic diagnosis wasSPG7(n = 15), followed bySETX(n = 6),CACNA1A(n = 5),POLR3A(n = 4), andSYNE1(n = 3). In addition, 17 families displayed likely pathogenic/pathogenic variants in 14 different genes:KCND3(n = 2),KIF1C(n = 2),CYP27A1A(n = 2),AFG3L2(n = 1),ANO10(n = 1),CAPN1(n = 1),CWF19L1(n = 1),ITPR1(n = 1),KCNA1(n = 1),OPA1(n = 1),PNPLA6(n = 1),SPG11(n = 1),SPTBN2(n = 1), andTPP1(n = 1). Twenty-two novel variants were characterized. SCA36 was diagnosed in 11 families, all with autosomal dominant (AD) presentation. SCA36 screening increased the total diagnostic rate to 47% (n = 61/130). Ultimately, undiagnosed patients showed delayed age at onset (p< 0.05) and were more frequently sporadic.DiscussionOur study provides insight into the genetic landscape of CA in Eastern Spain. Although CES was an effective approach to capture genetic heterogeneity, most patients remained undiagnosed. SCA36 was found to be a relatively frequent form and, therefore, should be tested prior to CES in familial AD presentations in particular geographical regions.
Collapse
|
3
|
Coutelier M, Jacoupy M, Janer A, Renaud F, Auger N, Saripella GV, Ancien F, Pucci F, Rooman M, Gilis D, Larivière R, Sgarioto N, Valter R, Guillot-Noel L, Le Ber I, Sayah S, Charles P, Nümann A, Pauly MG, Helmchen C, Deininger N, Haack TB, Brais B, Brice A, Trégouët DA, El Hachimi KH, Shoubridge EA, Durr A, Stevanin G. NPTX1 mutations trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress and cause autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia. Brain 2022; 145:1519-1534. [PMID: 34788392 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
With more than 40 causative genes identified so far, autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias exhibit a remarkable genetic heterogeneity. Yet, half the patients are lacking a molecular diagnosis. In a large family with nine sampled affected members, we performed exome sequencing combined with whole-genome linkage analysis. We identified a missense variant in NPTX1, NM_002522.3:c.1165G>A: p.G389R, segregating with the phenotype. Further investigations with whole-exome sequencing and an amplicon-based panel identified four additional unrelated families segregating the same variant, for whom a common founder effect could be excluded. A second missense variant, NM_002522.3:c.980A>G: p.E327G, was identified in a fifth familial case. The NPTX1-associated phenotype consists of a late-onset, slowly progressive, cerebellar ataxia, with downbeat nystagmus, cognitive impairment reminiscent of cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome, myoclonic tremor and mild cerebellar vermian atrophy on brain imaging. NPTX1 encodes the neuronal pentraxin 1, a secreted protein with various cellular and synaptic functions. Both variants affect conserved amino acid residues and are extremely rare or absent from public databases. In COS7 cells, overexpression of both neuronal pentraxin 1 variants altered endoplasmic reticulum morphology and induced ATF6-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress, associated with cytotoxicity. In addition, the p.E327G variant abolished neuronal pentraxin 1 secretion, as well as its capacity to form a high molecular weight complex with the wild-type protein. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments coupled with mass spectrometry analysis demonstrated abnormal interactions of this variant with the cytoskeleton. In agreement with these observations, in silico modelling of the neuronal pentraxin 1 complex evidenced a destabilizing effect for the p.E327G substitution, located at the interface between monomers. On the contrary, the p.G389 residue, located at the protein surface, had no predictable effect on the complex stability. Our results establish NPTX1 as a new causative gene in autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias. We suggest that variants in NPTX1 can lead to cerebellar ataxia due to endoplasmic reticulum stress, mediated by ATF6, and associated to a destabilization of NP1 polymers in a dominant-negative manner for one of the variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Coutelier
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute, ICM, INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Maxime Jacoupy
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute, ICM, INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, H3A 0C7 Montreal, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, H3A 2B4 Montreal, Canada
| | - Alexandre Janer
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, H3A 0C7 Montreal, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, H3A 2B4 Montreal, Canada
| | - Flore Renaud
- CNRS UMR 9019, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Neurogenetics team, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE), Paris Sciences Lettres (PSL) Research University, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Auger
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute, ICM, INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
- Neurogenetics team, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE), Paris Sciences Lettres (PSL) Research University, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Ganapathi-Varma Saripella
- ICAN Institute, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France
| | - François Ancien
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Fabrizio Pucci
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Marianne Rooman
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Dimitri Gilis
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Roxanne Larivière
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, H3A 2B4 Montreal, Canada
| | - Nicolas Sgarioto
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, H3A 2B4 Montreal, Canada
| | - Rémi Valter
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute, ICM, INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
- Neurogenetics team, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE), Paris Sciences Lettres (PSL) Research University, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Léna Guillot-Noel
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute, ICM, INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
- Neurogenetics team, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE), Paris Sciences Lettres (PSL) Research University, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Le Ber
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute, ICM, INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Sabrina Sayah
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute, ICM, INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Perrine Charles
- Department of Genetics, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Astrid Nümann
- Department of Neurology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martje G Pauly
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein Campus Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Christoph Helmchen
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein Campus Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Natalie Deininger
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Tobias B Haack
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Bernard Brais
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, H3A 2B4 Montreal, Canada
| | - Alexis Brice
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute, ICM, INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- ICAN Institute, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1219, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Khalid H El Hachimi
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute, ICM, INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
- Neurogenetics team, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE), Paris Sciences Lettres (PSL) Research University, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Eric A Shoubridge
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, H3A 0C7 Montreal, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, H3A 2B4 Montreal, Canada
| | - Alexandra Durr
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute, ICM, INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Giovanni Stevanin
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute, ICM, INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
- Neurogenetics team, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE), Paris Sciences Lettres (PSL) Research University, 75014, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ceylan AC, Acar Arslan E, Erdem HB, Kavus H, Arslan M, Topaloğlu H. Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia 18 caused by homozygous exon 14 duplication in GRID2 and review of the literature. Acta Neurol Belg 2021; 121:1457-1462. [PMID: 32170608 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-020-01328-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxias (ARCA) are characterized by the abnormal structure of the cerebellum and spinal cord. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 18 (MIM 616204), one of the ARCA, is caused by the loss-of-function mutations of the GRID2 gene due to deletions. Missense mutations in the GRID2 cause ataxia with the gain-of-function mechanism. We report a homozygous GRID2 duplication in childhood-onset ataxia in two siblings. The clinical exome sequencing was performed on one of the siblings. No disease-causing mutations were reported as a result of the clinical exome test. Chromosomal microarray analysis was performed on the entire family using Affymetrix Optima® chips. Chromosomal microarray analysis showed a ~ 121-kb homozygous duplication of GRID2 (arr[GRCh37]4q22.2(94426536_94613158) × 4), including exon 14, in both siblings. Previously, GRID2 has been associated with an autosomal recessive (loss-of-function) and autosomal semi-dominant (gain-of-function) forms of ataxia. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to identify a homozygous duplication of GRID2 causing loss of function of the GluRD2 protein. These findings provide us with the conclusion that copy number variation analyses should be in the diagnostic process of autosomal recessive ataxia types.
Collapse
|
5
|
Vural A, Şimşir G, Tekgül Ş, Koçoğlu C, Akçimen F, Kartal E, Şen NE, Lahut S, Ömür Ö, Saner N, Gül T, Bayraktar E, Palvadeau R, Tunca C, Pirkevi Çetinkaya C, Gündoğdu Eken A, Şahbaz I, Kovancılar Koç M, Öztop Çakmak Ö, Hanağası H, Bilgiç B, Eraksoy M, Gündüz A, Apaydın H, Kızıltan G, Özekmekçi S, Siva A, Altıntaş A, Kaya Güleç ZE, Parman Y, Oflazer P, Deymeer F, Durmuş H, Şahin E, Çakar A, Tüfekçioğlu Z, Tektürk P, Çorbalı MO, Tireli H, Akdal G, Yiş U, Hız S, Şengün İ, Bora E, Serdaroğlu G, Erer Özbek S, Ağan K, İnce Günal D, Us Ö, Kurt SG, Aksoy D, Bora Tokçaer A, Elmas M, Gültekin M, Kumandaş S, Acer H, Kaya Özçora GD, Yayla V, Soysal A, Genç G, Güllüoğlu H, Kotan D, Özözen Ayas Z, Şahin HA, Tan E, Topçu M, Topçuoğlu ES, Akbostancı C, Koç F, Ertan S, Elibol B, Başak AN. The Complex Genetic Landscape of Hereditary Ataxias in Turkey and Implications in Clinical Practice. Mov Disord 2021; 36:1676-1688. [PMID: 33624863 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic and epidemiological features of hereditary ataxias have been reported in several populations; however, Turkey is still unexplored. Due to high consanguinity, recessive ataxias are more common in Turkey than in Western European populations. OBJECTIVE To identify the prevalence and genetic structure of hereditary ataxias in the Turkish population. METHODS Our cohort consisted of 1296 index cases and 324 affected family members. Polymerase chain reaction followed by Sanger sequencing or fragment analysis were performed to screen for the trinucleotide repeat expansions in families with a dominant inheritance pattern, as well as in sporadic cases. The expansion in the frataxin (FXN) gene was tested in all autosomal recessive cases and in sporadic cases with a compatible phenotype. Whole-exome sequencing was applied to 251 probands, selected based on the family history, age of onset, and phenotype. RESULTS Mutations in known ataxia genes were identified in 30% of 1296 probands. Friedreich's ataxia was found to be the most common recessive ataxia in Turkey, followed by autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay. Spinocerebellar ataxia types 2 and 1 were the most common dominant ataxias. Whole-exome sequencing was performed in 251 probands with an approximate diagnostic yield of 50%. Forty-eight novel variants were found in a plethora of genes, suggesting a high heterogeneity. Variants of unknown significance were discussed in light of clinical data. CONCLUSION With the large sample size recruited across the country, we consider that our results provide an accurate picture of the frequency of hereditary ataxias in Turkey. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atay Vural
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülşah Şimşir
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, KUTTAM, School of Medicine, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Şeyma Tekgül
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, KUTTAM, School of Medicine, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Cemile Koçoğlu
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Fulya Akçimen
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ece Kartal
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesli E Şen
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Suna Lahut
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Özgür Ömür
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazan Saner
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Gül
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, KUTTAM, School of Medicine, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Bayraktar
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, KUTTAM, School of Medicine, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Robin Palvadeau
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, KUTTAM, School of Medicine, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceren Tunca
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, KUTTAM, School of Medicine, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey.,Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Caroline Pirkevi Çetinkaya
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, KUTTAM, School of Medicine, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey.,Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Aslı Gündoğdu Eken
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Irmak Şahbaz
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, KUTTAM, School of Medicine, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey.,Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Müge Kovancılar Koç
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, KUTTAM, School of Medicine, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey.,Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Özgür Öztop Çakmak
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Haşmet Hanağası
- Department of Neurology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Başar Bilgiç
- Department of Neurology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mefkure Eraksoy
- Department of Neurology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Gündüz
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Hülya Apaydın
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Güneş Kızıltan
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sibel Özekmekçi
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Aksel Siva
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Altıntaş
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey.,Department of Neurology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep E Kaya Güleç
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Yeşim Parman
- Department of Neurology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Piraye Oflazer
- Department of Neurology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Feza Deymeer
- Department of Neurology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Hacer Durmuş
- Department of Neurology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdi Şahin
- Department of Neurology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Arman Çakar
- Department of Neurology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Tüfekçioğlu
- Department of Neurology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Pınar Tektürk
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - M Osman Çorbalı
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Hülya Tireli
- Department of Neurology, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülden Akdal
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Uluç Yiş
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Semra Hız
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - İhsan Şengün
- Division of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elçin Bora
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Gül Serdaroğlu
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Ege University Medical School, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sevda Erer Özbek
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Kadriye Ağan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek İnce Günal
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Önder Us
- Department of Neurology, Acıbadem Kozyatağı Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Semiha G Kurt
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Dürdane Aksoy
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Bora Tokçaer
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muhsin Elmas
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Murat Gültekin
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Sefer Kumandaş
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Hamit Acer
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gül D Kaya Özçora
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Kayseri Training and Research City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Vildan Yayla
- Department of Neurology, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research and Training Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysun Soysal
- Department of Neurology, Bakırköy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology, Neurosurgery, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gençer Genç
- Department of Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Halil Güllüoğlu
- Department of Neurology, Medical Park İzmir Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Dilcan Kotan
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | | | - Hüseyin A Şahin
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Ersin Tan
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Topçu
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esen Saka Topçuoğlu
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cenk Akbostancı
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Filiz Koç
- Department of Neurology, Çukurova University, School of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Sibel Ertan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey.,Department of Neurology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Bülent Elibol
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Nazlı Başak
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, KUTTAM, School of Medicine, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey.,Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rafehi H, Szmulewicz DJ, Pope K, Wallis M, Christodoulou J, White SM, Delatycki MB, Lockhart PJ, Bahlo M. Rapid Diagnosis of Spinocerebellar Ataxia 36 in a Three-Generation Family Using Short-Read Whole-Genome Sequencing Data. Mov Disord 2020; 35:1675-1679. [PMID: 32407596 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinocerebellar ataxias are often caused by expansions of short tandem repeats. Recent methodological advances have made repeat expansion (RE) detection with whole-genome sequencing (WGS) feasible. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to determine the genetic basis of ataxia in a multigenerational Australian pedigree with autosomal-dominant inheritance. METHODS AND RESULTS WGS was performed on 3 affected relatives. The sequence data were screened for known pathogenic REs using 2 RE detection tools: exSTRa and ExpansionHunter. This screen provided a clear and rapid diagnosis (<5 days from receiving the sequencing data) of spinocerebellar ataxia 36, a rare form of ataxia caused by an intronic GGCCTG RE in NOP56. CONCLUSIONS The diagnosis of rare ataxias caused by REs is highly feasible and cost-effective with WGS. We propose that WGS could potentially be implemented as the frontline, cost-effective methodology for the molecular testing of individuals with a clinical diagnosis of ataxia. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haloom Rafehi
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Epilepsy Research Centre, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David J Szmulewicz
- Cerebellar Ataxia Clinic, Neuroscience Department, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Balance Disorders and Ataxia Service, Royal Victorian Eye & Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kate Pope
- Bruce Lefroy Centre for Genetic Health Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mathew Wallis
- Tasmanian Clinical Genetics Service, Tasmanian Health Service, Tasmania, Australia.,School of Medicine and Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - John Christodoulou
- Brain and Mitochondrial Research Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susan M White
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martin B Delatycki
- Bruce Lefroy Centre for Genetic Health Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul J Lockhart
- Bruce Lefroy Centre for Genetic Health Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melanie Bahlo
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Coutelier M, Hammer MB, Stevanin G, Monin ML, Davoine CS, Mochel F, Labauge P, Ewenczyk C, Ding J, Gibbs JR, Hannequin D, Melki J, Toutain A, Laugel V, Forlani S, Charles P, Broussolle E, Thobois S, Afenjar A, Anheim M, Calvas P, Castelnovo G, de Broucker T, Vidailhet M, Moulignier A, Ghnassia RT, Tallaksen C, Mignot C, Goizet C, Le Ber I, Ollagnon-Roman E, Pouget J, Brice A, Singleton A, Durr A. Efficacy of Exome-Targeted Capture Sequencing to Detect Mutations in Known Cerebellar Ataxia Genes. JAMA Neurol 2019; 75:591-599. [PMID: 29482223 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.5121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Importance Molecular diagnosis is difficult to achieve in disease groups with a highly heterogeneous genetic background, such as cerebellar ataxia (CA). In many patients, candidate gene sequencing or focused resequencing arrays do not allow investigators to reach a genetic conclusion. Objectives To assess the efficacy of exome-targeted capture sequencing to detect mutations in genes broadly linked to CA in a large cohort of undiagnosed patients and to investigate their prevalence. Design, Setting, and Participants Three hundred nineteen index patients with CA and without a history of dominant transmission were included in the this cohort study by the Spastic Paraplegia and Ataxia Network. Centralized storage was in the DNA and cell bank of the Brain and Spine Institute, Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France. Patients were classified into 6 clinical groups, with the largest being those with spastic ataxia (ie, CA with pyramidal signs [n = 100]). Sequencing was performed from January 1, 2014, through December 31, 2016. Detected variants were classified as very probably or definitely causative, possibly causative, or of unknown significance based on genetic evidence and genotype-phenotype considerations. Main Outcomes and Measures Identification of variants in genes broadly linked to CA, classified in pathogenicity groups. Results The 319 included patients had equal sex distribution (160 female [50.2%] and 159 male patients [49.8%]; mean [SD] age at onset, 27.9 [18.6] years). The age at onset was younger than 25 years for 131 of 298 patients (44.0%) with complete clinical information. Consanguinity was present in 101 of 298 (33.9%). Very probable or definite diagnoses were achieved for 72 patients (22.6%), with an additional 19 (6.0%) harboring possibly pathogenic variants. The most frequently mutated genes were SPG7 (n = 14), SACS (n = 8), SETX (n = 7), SYNE1 (n = 6), and CACNA1A (n = 6). The highest diagnostic rate was obtained for patients with an autosomal recessive CA with oculomotor apraxia-like phenotype (6 of 17 [35.3%]) or spastic ataxia (35 of 100 [35.0%]) and patients with onset before 25 years of age (41 of 131 [31.3%]). Peculiar phenotypes were reported for patients carrying KCND3 or ERCC5 variants. Conclusions and Relevance Exome capture followed by targeted analysis allows the molecular diagnosis in patients with highly heterogeneous mendelian disorders, such as CA, without prior assumption of the inheritance mode or causative gene. Being commonly available without specific design need, this procedure allows testing of a broader range of genes, consequently describing less classic phenotype-genotype correlations, and post hoc reanalysis of data as new genes are implicated in the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Coutelier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U1127, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7225, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France
| | - Monia B Hammer
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Giovanni Stevanin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U1127, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7225, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Paris, France.,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence de Neurogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Marie-Lorraine Monin
- Centre de Référence de Neurogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Claire-Sophie Davoine
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U1127, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7225, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Paris, France.,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Mochel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U1127, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7225, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence de Neurogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Pierre Labauge
- Service de Neurologie, Hopital Gui de Chauliac, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Ewenczyk
- Centre de Référence de Neurogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Jinhui Ding
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - J Raphael Gibbs
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Didier Hannequin
- Service de Génétique, Service de Neurologie, INSERM U1079, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Judith Melki
- UMR 1169, INSERM and University Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.,Medical Genetics Unit, Centre Hospitalier Sud-Francilien, Corbeil Essonnes, France
| | - Annick Toutain
- Service de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, INSERM U930, Faculté de Médecine, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Vincent Laugel
- Service de Pédiatrie 1, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvie Forlani
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U1127, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7225, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Paris, France
| | - Perrine Charles
- Centre de Référence de Neurogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Broussolle
- Service de Neurologie C, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France.,Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-UMR 5229, Bron, France.,Université de Lyon, Université Claude-Bernard-Lyon I, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Stéphane Thobois
- Service de Neurologie C, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France.,Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-UMR 5229, Bron, France.,Université de Lyon, Université Claude-Bernard-Lyon I, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Alexandra Afenjar
- Service de Génétique et Centre de Référence Pour les Malformations et les Maladies Congénitales du Cervelet, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Anheim
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, CHU de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U964, CNRS-UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Patrick Calvas
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Thomas de Broucker
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Marie Vidailhet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U1127, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7225, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Paris, France.,Département des Maladies du Système Nerveux, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Moulignier
- Service de Neurologie, Fondation Ophtalmologique A. de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | | | - Chantal Tallaksen
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U1127, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7225, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Paris, France.,currently affiliated with Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital; and Faculty of Medicine, Oslo University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cyril Mignot
- Département de Génétique and Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Cyril Goizet
- Laboratoire Maladies Rares, Génétique et Métabolisme, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Le Ber
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U1127, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7225, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Paris, France
| | | | - Jean Pouget
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires et de la Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille Université, Hôpital de La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U1127, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7225, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence de Neurogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Andrew Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alexandra Durr
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U1127, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7225, Paris, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence de Neurogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative ataxic disorders with autosomal dominant inheritance. We aim to provide an update on the recent clinical and scientific progresses in SCA where numerous novel genes have been identified with next-generation sequencing techniques. The main disease mechanisms of these SCAs include toxic RNA gain-of-function, mitochondrial dysfunction, channelopathies, autophagy and transcription dysregulation. Recent studies have also demonstrated the importance of DNA repair pathways in modifying SCA with CAG expansions. In addition, we summarise the latest technological advances in detecting known and novel repeat expansion in SCA. Finally, we discuss the roles of antisense oligonucleotides and RNA-based therapy as potential treatments.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zeitlberger A, Ging H, Nethisinghe S, Giunti P. Advances in the understanding of hereditary ataxia – implications for future patients. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2018.1444477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zeitlberger
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Heather Ging
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Suran Nethisinghe
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Paola Giunti
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pihlstrøm L, Wiethoff S, Houlden H. Genetics of neurodegenerative diseases: an overview. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2018; 145:309-323. [PMID: 28987179 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-802395-2.00022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors are central to the etiology of neurodegeneration, both as monogenic causes of heritable disease and as modifiers of susceptibility to complex, sporadic disorders. Over the last two decades, the identification of disease genes and risk loci has led to some of the greatest advances in medicine and invaluable insights into pathogenic mechanisms and disease pathways. Large-scale research efforts, novel study designs, and advances in methodology are rapidly expanding our understanding of the genome and the genetic architecture of neurodegenerative disease. Here, we review major developments in the field to date, highlighting overarching historic trends and general insights. Monogenic neurodegenerative diseases are discussed from the perspectives of both rare Mendelian forms of common disorders, such as Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease, and heterogeneous heritable conditions, including ataxias and spastic paraplegias. Next, we summarize the experiences from investigations of complex neurodegenerative disorders, including genomewide association studies. In the final section, we reflect upon the limitations of current findings and outline important future directions. Genetics plays an essential role in translational research, ultimately aiming to develop novel disease-modifying therapies for neurodegenerative disorders. We anticipate that individual genetic profiling will also be increasingly relevant in a clinical context, with implications for patient care in line with the proposed ideal of personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Pihlstrøm
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; UCL Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Wiethoff
- UCL Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom; Center for Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Henry Houlden
- UCL Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mendoza-Ferreira N, Coutelier M, Janzen E, Hosseinibarkooie S, Löhr H, Schneider S, Milbradt J, Karakaya M, Riessland M, Pichlo C, Torres-Benito L, Singleton A, Zuchner S, Brice A, Durr A, Hammerschmidt M, Stevanin G, Wirth B. Biallelic CHP1 mutation causes human autosomal recessive ataxia by impairing NHE1 function. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2018; 4:e209. [PMID: 29379881 PMCID: PMC5775069 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To ascertain the genetic and functional basis of complex autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia (ARCA) presented by 2 siblings of a consanguineous family characterized by motor neuropathy, cerebellar atrophy, spastic paraparesis, intellectual disability, and slow ocular saccades. Methods: Combined whole-genome linkage analysis, whole-exome sequencing, and focused screening for identification of potential causative genes were performed. Assessment of the functional consequences of the mutation on protein function via subcellular fractionation, size-exclusion chromatography, and fluorescence microscopy were done. A zebrafish model, using Morpholinos, was generated to study the pathogenic effect of the mutation in vivo. Results: We identified a biallelic 3-bp deletion (p.K19del) in CHP1 that cosegregates with the disease. Neither focused screening for CHP1 variants in 2 cohorts (ARCA: N = 319 and NeurOmics: N = 657) nor interrogating GeneMatcher yielded additional variants, thus revealing the scarcity of CHP1 mutations. We show that mutant CHP1 fails to integrate into functional protein complexes and is prone to aggregation, thereby leading to diminished levels of soluble CHP1 and reduced membrane targeting of NHE1, a major Na+/H+ exchanger implicated in syndromic ataxia-deafness. Chp1 deficiency in zebrafish, resembling the affected individuals, led to movement defects, cerebellar hypoplasia, and motor axon abnormalities, which were ameliorated by coinjection with wild-type, but not mutant, human CHP1 messenger RNA. Conclusions: Collectively, our results identified CHP1 as a novel ataxia-causative gene in humans, further expanding the spectrum of ARCA-associated loci, and corroborated the crucial role of NHE1 within the pathogenesis of these disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Mendoza-Ferreira
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Marie Coutelier
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Eva Janzen
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Seyyedmohsen Hosseinibarkooie
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Heiko Löhr
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Svenja Schneider
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Janine Milbradt
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Mert Karakaya
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Markus Riessland
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Christian Pichlo
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Laura Torres-Benito
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Andrew Singleton
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Stephan Zuchner
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Durr
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Matthias Hammerschmidt
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Giovanni Stevanin
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Brunhilde Wirth
- Institute of Human Genetics (N.M.-F., E.J., S.H., S.S., J.M., M.K., M.R., L.T.-B., B.W.), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Zoology, Developmental Biology (H.L., M.H.), Institute of Biochemistry (C.P.), University of Cologne, Germany; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (M.C., A.B., A.D., G.S.), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMRS 1127, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (M.C., G.S.), PSL Research University, Paris, France; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (M.R.), The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (S.Z.), University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL; and APHP (A.B., A.D., G.S.), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de réference de neurogénétique, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pang SYY, Teo KC, Hsu JS, Chang RSK, Li M, Sham PC, Ho SL. The role of gene variants in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders as revealed by next generation sequencing studies: a review. Transl Neurodegener 2017; 6:27. [PMID: 29046784 PMCID: PMC5639582 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-017-0098-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders based on phenotype is difficult in heterogeneous conditions with overlapping symptoms. It does not take into account the disease etiology or the highly variable clinical course even amongst patients diagnosed with the same disorder. The advent of next generation sequencing (NGS) has allowed for a system-wide, unbiased approach to identify all gene variants in the genome simultaneously. With the plethora of new genes being identified, genetic rather than phenotype-based classification of Mendelian diseases such as spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) has become widely accepted. It has also become clear that gene variants play a role in common and predominantly sporadic neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The observation of pleiotropy has emerged, with mutations in the same gene giving rise to diverse phenotypes, which further increases the complexity of phenotype-genotype correlation. Possible mechanisms of pleiotropy include different downstream effects of different mutations in the same gene, presence of modifier genes, and oligogenic inheritance. Future directions include development of bioinformatics tools and establishment of more extensive public genotype/phenotype databases to better distinguish deleterious gene variants from benign polymorphisms, translation of genetic findings into pathogenic mechanisms through in-vitro and in-vivo studies, and ultimately finding disease-modifying therapies for neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Yin-Yu Pang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kay-Cheong Teo
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jacob Shujui Hsu
- Centre for Genomic Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Richard Shek-Kwan Chang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaoxin Li
- Centre for Genomic Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pak-Chung Sham
- Centre for Genomic Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Leong Ho
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Autosomal-recessive cerebellar ataxias (ARCA) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous conditions primarily affecting the cerebellum. Mutations in the PNPLA6 gene have been identified as the cause of hereditary spastic paraplegia and complex forms of ataxia associated with retinal and endocrine manifestations in a field where the genotype-phenotype correlations are rapidly expanding. We identified two cousins from a consanguineous family belonging to a large Zoroastrian (Parsi) family residing in Mumbai, India, who presented with pure cerebellar ataxia without chorioretinal dystrophy or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. We used a combined approach of clinical characterisation, homozygosity mapping, whole-exome and Sanger sequencing to identify the genetic defect in this family. The phenotype in the family was pure cerebellar ataxia. Homozygosity mapping revealed one large region of shared homozygosity at chromosome 19p13 between affected individuals. Within this region, whole-exome sequencing of the index case identified two novel homozygous missense variants in the PNPLA6 gene at c.3847G>A (p.V1283M) and c.3929A>T (p.D1310V) in exon 32. Both segregated perfectly with the disease in this large family, with only the two affected cousins being homozygous. We identified for the first time PNPLA6 mutations associated with pure cerebellar ataxia in a large autosomal-recessive Parsi kindred. Previous mutations in this gene have been associated with a more complex phenotype but the results here suggest an extension of the associated disease spectrum.
Collapse
|
14
|
Coutelier M, Coarelli G, Monin ML, Konop J, Davoine CS, Tesson C, Valter R, Anheim M, Behin A, Castelnovo G, Charles P, David A, Ewenczyk C, Fradin M, Goizet C, Hannequin D, Labauge P, Riant F, Sarda P, Sznajer Y, Tison F, Ullmann U, Van Maldergem L, Mochel F, Brice A, Stevanin G, Durr A. A panel study on patients with dominant cerebellar ataxia highlights the frequency of channelopathies. Brain 2017; 140:1579-1594. [PMID: 28444220 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias have a marked heterogeneous genetic background, with mutations in 34 genes identified so far. This large amount of implicated genes accounts for heterogeneous clinical presentations, making genotype-phenotype correlations a major challenge in the field. While polyglutamine ataxias, linked to CAG repeat expansions in genes such as ATXN1, ATXN2, ATXN3, ATXN7, CACNA1A and TBP, have been extensively characterized in large cohorts, there is a need for comprehensive assessment of frequency and phenotype of more 'conventional' ataxias. After exclusion of CAG/polyglutamine expansions in spinocerebellar ataxia genes in 412 index cases with dominantly inherited cerebellar ataxias, we aimed to establish the relative frequencies of mutations in other genes, with an approach combining panel sequencing and TaqMan® polymerase chain reaction assay. We found relevant genetic variants in 59 patients (14.3%). The most frequently mutated were channel genes [CACNA1A (n = 16), KCND3 (n = 4), KCNC3 (n = 2) and KCNA1 (n = 2)]. Deletions in ITPR1 (n = 11) were followed by biallelic variants in SPG7 (n = 9). Variants in AFG3L2 (n = 7) came next in frequency, and variants were rarely found in STBN2 (n = 2), ELOVL5, FGF14, STUB1 and TTBK2 (n = 1 each). Interestingly, possible risk factor variants were detected in SPG7 and POLG. Clinical comparisons showed that ataxias due to channelopathies had a significantly earlier age at onset with an average of 24.6 years, versus 40.9 years for polyglutamine expansion spinocerebellar ataxias and 37.8 years for SPG7-related forms (P = 0.001). In contrast, disease duration was significantly longer in the former (20.5 years versus 9.3 and 13.7, P=0.001), though for similar functional stages, indicating slower progression of the disease. Of interest, intellectual deficiency was more frequent in channel spinocerebellar ataxias, while cognitive impairment in adulthood was similar among the three groups. Similar differences were found among a single gene group, comparing 23 patients with CACNA1A expansions (spinocerebellar ataxia 6) to 22 patients with CACNA1A point mutations, which had lower average age at onset (25.2 versus 47.3 years) with longer disease duration (18.7 versus 10.9), but lower severity indexes (0.39 versus 0.44), indicating slower progression of the disease. In conclusion, we identified relevant genetic variations in up to 15% of cases after exclusion of polyglutamine expansion spinocerebellar ataxias, and confirmed CACNA1A and SPG7 as major ataxia genes. We could delineate firm genotype-phenotype correlations that are important for genetic counselling and of possible prognostic value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Coutelier
- INSERM U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,UMRS 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, 75013, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Giulia Coarelli
- INSERM U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,UMRS 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence de Neurogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Lorraine Monin
- Centre de Référence de Neurogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Konop
- INSERM U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,UMRS 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, 75013, Paris, France.,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Claire-Sophie Davoine
- INSERM U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,UMRS 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Christelle Tesson
- INSERM U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,UMRS 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, 75013, Paris, France.,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Rémi Valter
- INSERM U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,UMRS 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, 75013, Paris, France.,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Anheim
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, 67200, Strasbourg, France.,Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, CHU de Strasbourg, 67100, Strasbourg, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM-U964/CNRS-UMR7104/Université de Strasbourg, 67400, Illkirch, France
| | - Anthony Behin
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Paris-Est, Institut de Myologie, GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Giovanni Castelnovo
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caremeau, 30900, Nîmes, France
| | - Perrine Charles
- Centre de Référence de Neurogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Albert David
- Service de Génétique Médicale Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, 44093, Nantes, France
| | - Claire Ewenczyk
- Centre de Référence de Neurogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Fradin
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Rennes, 35033, Rennes, France.,Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier de Saint Brieuc, 22000, Saint-Brieuc, France
| | - Cyril Goizet
- INSERM U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire Maladies Rares, Génétique et Métabolisme, 33000, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Service de Génétique Médicale, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Didier Hannequin
- Service de Génétique, Service de Neurologie, Inserm U1079, Rouen University Hospital, 76031, Rouen, France
| | - Pierre Labauge
- Service de Neurologie, Hopital Gui de Chauliac, CHU de Montpellier, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Florence Riant
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisiere-Fernand Widal, Laboratoire de Génétique, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Sarda
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Yves Sznajer
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Centre for Human Genetics, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - François Tison
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, CHU de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5293, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Urielle Ullmann
- Centre de génétique humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, 6041, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Lionel Van Maldergem
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Université de Franche-Comté, 25000, Besançon, France.,Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Métaboliques, Université de Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Fanny Mochel
- INSERM U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,UMRS 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence de Neurogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013, Paris, France.,Neurometabolic Research Group, University Pierre and Marie Curie, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- INSERM U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,UMRS 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence de Neurogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Giovanni Stevanin
- INSERM U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,UMRS 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, 75013, Paris, France.,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, 75014, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence de Neurogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Durr
- INSERM U 1127, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7225, 75013, Paris, France.,UMRS 1127, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06), Sorbonne Universités, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, 75013, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence de Neurogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nibbeling EAR, Delnooz CCS, de Koning TJ, Sinke RJ, Jinnah HA, Tijssen MAJ, Verbeek DS. Using the shared genetics of dystonia and ataxia to unravel their pathogenesis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 75:22-39. [PMID: 28143763 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this review we explore the similarities between spinocerebellar ataxias and dystonias, and suggest potentially shared molecular pathways using a gene co-expression network approach. The spinocerebellar ataxias are a group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by coordination problems caused mainly by atrophy of the cerebellum. The dystonias are another group of neurological movement disorders linked to basal ganglia dysfunction, although evidence is now pointing to cerebellar involvement as well. Our gene co-expression network approach identified 99 shared genes and showed the involvement of two major pathways: synaptic transmission and neurodevelopment. These pathways overlapped in the two disorders, with a large role for GABAergic signaling in both. The overlapping pathways may provide novel targets for disease therapies. We need to prioritize variants obtained by whole exome sequencing in the genes associated with these pathways in the search for new pathogenic variants, which can than be used to help in the genetic counseling of patients and their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther A R Nibbeling
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cathérine C S Delnooz
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom J de Koning
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard J Sinke
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hyder A Jinnah
- Departments of Neurology, Human Genetics and Pediatrics, Emory Clinic, Atlanta, USA
| | - Marina A J Tijssen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dineke S Verbeek
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Elsayed LEO, Mohammed IN, Hamed AAA, Elseed MA, Johnson A, Mairey M, Mohamed HESA, Idris MN, Salih MAM, El-Sadig SM, Koko ME, Mohamed AYO, Raymond L, Coutelier M, Darios F, Siddig RA, Ahmed AKMA, Babai AMA, Malik HMO, Omer ZMBM, Mohamed EOE, Eltahir HB, Magboul NAA, Bushara EE, Elnour A, Rahim SMA, Alattaya A, Elbashir MI, Ibrahim ME, Durr A, Audhya A, Brice A, Ahmed AE, Stevanin G. Hereditary spastic paraplegias: identification of a novel SPG57 variant affecting TFG oligomerization and description of HSP subtypes in Sudan. Eur J Hum Genet 2016; 25:100-110. [PMID: 27601211 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2016.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) are the second most common type of motor neuron disease recognized worldwide. We investigated a total of 25 consanguineous families from Sudan. We used next-generation sequencing to screen 74 HSP-related genes in 23 families. Linkage analysis and candidate gene sequencing was performed in two other families. We established a genetic diagnosis in six families with autosomal recessive HSP (SPG11 in three families and TFG/SPG57, SACS and ALS2 in one family each). A heterozygous mutation in a gene involved in an autosomal dominant HSP (ATL1/SPG3A) was also identified in one additional family. Six out of seven identified variants were novel. The c.64C>T (p.(Arg22Trp)) TFG/SPG57 variant (PB1 domain) is the second identified that underlies HSP, and we demonstrated its impact on TFG oligomerization in vitro. Patients did not present with visual impairment as observed in a previously reported SPG57 family (c.316C>T (p.(Arg106Cys)) in coiled-coil domain), suggesting unique contributions of the PB1 and coiled-coil domains in TFG complex formation/function and a possible phenotype correlation to variant location. Some families manifested marked phenotypic variations implying the possibility of modifier factors complicated by high inbreeding. Finally, additional genetic heterogeneity is expected in HSP Sudanese families. The remaining families might unravel new genes or uncommon modes of inheritance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liena E O Elsayed
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris VI UMR_S1127, Paris, France.,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, EPHE, PSL université, Paris, France.,University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | | | | | - Adam Johnson
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mathilde Mairey
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris VI UMR_S1127, Paris, France.,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, EPHE, PSL université, Paris, France
| | | | - Mohamed N Idris
- University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.,Sudan Medical Council, Neurology, Sudan
| | - Mustafa A M Salih
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah M El-Sadig
- University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.,Department of Neurology, Soba University Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Mahmoud E Koko
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ashraf Y O Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, National University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Laure Raymond
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris VI UMR_S1127, Paris, France.,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, EPHE, PSL université, Paris, France.,Department of genetics, APHP Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marie Coutelier
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris VI UMR_S1127, Paris, France.,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, EPHE, PSL université, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Darios
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris VI UMR_S1127, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hanan B Eltahir
- Department of Biochemistry, El Imam EL Mahdi University, Kosti, Sudan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Muntaser E Ibrahim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Alexandra Durr
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris VI UMR_S1127, Paris, France.,Department of genetics, APHP Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Anjon Audhya
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Alexis Brice
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris VI UMR_S1127, Paris, France. .,Department of genetics, APHP Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.
| | - Ammar E Ahmed
- University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.,Sudan Medical Council, Neurology, Sudan
| | - Giovanni Stevanin
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris VI UMR_S1127, Paris, France. .,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, EPHE, PSL université, Paris, France. .,Department of genetics, APHP Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Coutelier M, Blesneac I, Monteil A, Monin ML, Ando K, Mundwiller E, Brusco A, Le Ber I, Anheim M, Castrioto A, Duyckaerts C, Brice A, Durr A, Lory P, Stevanin G. A Recurrent Mutation in CACNA1G Alters Cav3.1 T-Type Calcium-Channel Conduction and Causes Autosomal-Dominant Cerebellar Ataxia. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 97:726-37. [PMID: 26456284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary cerebellar ataxias (CAs) are neurodegenerative disorders clinically characterized by a cerebellar syndrome, often accompanied by other neurological or non-neurological signs. All transmission modes have been described. In autosomal-dominant CA (ADCA), mutations in more than 30 genes are implicated, but the molecular diagnosis remains unknown in about 40% of cases. Implication of ion channels has long been an ongoing topic in the genetics of CA, and mutations in several channel genes have been recently connected to ADCA. In a large family affected by ADCA and mild pyramidal signs, we searched for the causative variant by combining linkage analysis and whole-exome sequencing. In CACNA1G, we identified a c.5144G>A mutation, causing an arginine-to-histidine (p.Arg1715His) change in the voltage sensor S4 segment of the T-type channel protein Cav3.1. Two out of 479 index subjects screened subsequently harbored the same mutation. We performed electrophysiological experiments in HEK293T cells to compare the properties of the p.Arg1715His and wild-type Cav3.1 channels. The current-voltage and the steady-state activation curves of the p.Arg1715His channel were shifted positively, whereas the inactivation curve had a higher slope factor. Computer modeling in deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN) neurons suggested that the mutation results in decreased neuronal excitability. Taken together, these data establish CACNA1G, which is highly expressed in the cerebellum, as a gene whose mutations can cause ADCA. This is consistent with the neuropathological examination, which showed severe Purkinje cell loss. Our study further extends our knowledge of the link between calcium channelopathies and CAs.
Collapse
|