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Pădureanu V, Dop D, Caragea DC, Rădulescu D, Pădureanu R, Forțofoiu MC. Cardiovascular and Neurological Diseases and Association with Helicobacter Pylori Infection-An Overview. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1781. [PMID: 39202269 PMCID: PMC11353373 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14161781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This article investigates the link between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and cardiovascular and neurological disorders. Recent research suggests that H. pylori may play a role in cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke, as well as neurological diseases including Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. Cardiovascular Diseases: H. pylori induces endothelial dysfunction and chronic inflammation, promoting atherosclerotic plaque formation and other cardiac complications. High infection prevalence in cardiovascular patients implies that systemic inflammation from H. pylori accelerates disease progression. Eradication therapies combined with anti-inflammatory and lipid-lowering treatments may reduce cardiovascular risk. Neurological Diseases: H. pylori may contribute to Alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's through systemic inflammation, neuroinflammation, and autoimmune responses. Increased infection prevalence in these patients suggests bacterial involvement in disease pathogenesis. The eradication of H. pylori could reduce neuroinflammation and improve outcomes. Discussions and Future Research: Managing H. pylori infection in clinical practice could impact public health and treatment approaches. Further research is needed to clarify these relationships. Longitudinal and mechanistic studies are essential to fully understand H. pylori's role in these conditions. Conclusions: H. pylori infection is a potential risk factor for various cardiovascular and neurological conditions. Additional research is critical for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies. Targeted therapies, including H. pylori eradication combined with anti-inflammatory treatments, could improve clinical outcomes. These findings highlight the need for an integrated clinical approach to include H. pylori evaluation and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Pădureanu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (V.P.); (M.-C.F.)
| | - Dalia Dop
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Daniel Cosmin Caragea
- Department of Nephrology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Dumitru Rădulescu
- Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Rodica Pădureanu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (V.P.); (M.-C.F.)
| | - Mircea-Cătălin Forțofoiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (V.P.); (M.-C.F.)
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Abdelrahman AA, Ahmed ESD, Moustafa EFA. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among healthcare workers in Aswan University Hospital. Arab J Gastroenterol 2024; 25:250-256. [PMID: 38749842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the major pathogen causing upper alimentary tract diseases and has various routes of transmission. It is considered a public health concern owing to its high prevalence. Therefore, proper investigations should be conducted and early treatment modalities developed to avoid its hazardous complications. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of H. pylori infection among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Aswan University Hospital, Aswan Governorate, Egypt. PATIENTS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted between June and November 2021 and included 200 HCWs who completed a predesigned questionnaire. A serological test was employed to screen for H. pylori infection, followed by a stool antigen test for those with positive serology for direction to the associated clinic for therapy. RESULTS Of the 200 HCWs included in the study, 86 (43 %) were men and 114 (57 %) were women. Their age was 18-58 years. The participants consisted of doctors (31.5 %), nurses (53 %), and workers (15.5 %). The overall prevalence was (58.5 %) of the study participants were seropositive for H. pylori with higher prevalence in women (56.4 %) with no statistical difference (p = 0.841).The age of the participants and work duration exhibited a weak positive correlation with positivity for H. pylori infection (p = 0.033 and p = 0.049, respectively). CONCLUSION HCWs are considered to be at a high risk of developing H. pylori infection. Age and work duration were found to contribute to the acquisition of infection. Preventive hospital measures, such as universal precaution, frequent handwashing, and wearing of gloves and a mask/face guard, should be taken to prevent occupational infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awny Ali Abdelrahman
- Lecturer of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Elham Salah Desokey Ahmed
- Demonstrator of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan, Sudan, University, Aswan, Egypt.
| | - Ehab Fawzy Abdou Moustafa
- Professor of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assuit, Egypt
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He S, He X, Duan Y, Luo Y, Li Y, Li J, Li Y, Yang P, Wang Y, Xie J, Liu M, Sk Cheng A. The impact of diet, exercise, and sleep on Helicobacter pylori infection with different occupations: a cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:692. [PMID: 38992594 PMCID: PMC11241877 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09505-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between Helicobacter pylori infection and lifestyle factors vary greatly by geographic location. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in the Hunan cohort of central China and analyze the associations between Helicobacter pylori infection and lifestyle factors in different occupations. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study. Participants who received an annual physical examination were invited. Helicobacter pylori infection was detected by the 13 C-urea breath test. Self-reported physical examination questionnaires were used to analyze participants' demographic information, diet, exercise status, and sleep situations. RESULTS 23254 participants finished this study. The Helicobacter pylori infection rate in the Hunan area was 25.8%, with the lowest prevalence in students (8.5%) and the highest prevalence in business managers (29.9%). The risk factors for Helicobacter pylori infection were marital status (divorced or married) (OR:1.16, 95%CI:1.090-1.234), overeating (OR:1.105, 95%CI: 1.001-1.220), and consumption of eggs (OR:1.047, 95%CI:1.004-1.092), animal viscera (OR: 1.077, 95%CI:1.014-1.144) and coffee (OR:1.074, 95%CI:1.019-1.132). Participants' education level (OR:0.911, 95%CI:0.881-0942), consumption of midnight snack (OR:0.926, 95%CI:0.877-0.977), and vegetable (OR:0.927, 95%CI: 0.884-0.972) were protective factors against Helicobacter pylori infection. Whether participants exercised regularly or had sleep problems had no significant effect on Helicobacter pylori infection. Different professionals showed significant differences in the rates of overeating, eating three meals on time, midnight snack, and consuming coffee, eggs, animal viscera, and vegetables > 3 times/week (P values < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Helicobacter pylori infection showed a significant relationship with dietary factors, but not significantly with sleep and exercise factors. Different occupations showed different dietary tendencies related to Helicobacter pylori infection. The design of an occupation-based Helicobacter pylori screening and prevention program is supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen He
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, PO Box 410013, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xue He
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yinglong Duan
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, PO Box 410013, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yating Luo
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, PO Box 410013, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, PO Box 410013, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, PO Box 410013, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pingting Yang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianfei Xie
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, PO Box 410013, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Min Liu
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, PO Box 410013, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Andy Sk Cheng
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
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Fernandez-Tardon G, Gan RK, Rodriguez-Suarez MM, Tardon A, Arcos-González P. Total worker health ® based Helicobacter pylori public health prevention strategy. CURRENT OPINION IN EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 3:33-39. [PMID: 38863480 PMCID: PMC11163978 DOI: 10.1097/pxh.0000000000000035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Purpose of review This review aims to explore the public health approach for Helicobacter pylori Infection Prevention within the Total Worker Health (TWH) framework strategy. Recent findings The review identifies certain occupations considered high-risk groups for H. pylori infection. It underscores primary, secondary, and tertiary public health preventive measures align with the TWH approach. Within this framework, the role of raising awareness, emphasizing infection control, worker hygiene, risk assessment, and ensuring healthcare accessibility is emphasized. The importance of early detection, treatment, eradication, and a TWH approach emerges as a central theme. The TWH approach offers a holistic perspective, intertwining occupation-related health risks with overall health and well being. Summary Adopting the TWH approach, coupled with household-based infection control and eradication strategies, can significantly reduce H. pylori prevalence, fostering a healthier workforce and diminishing long-term healthcare costs. The review underscores the importance of recognizing H. pylori as an occupational disease. It calls for further research into the "one-health" perspective on H. pylori transmission dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Fernandez-Tardon
- Public Health Research Institute of Investigation (ISPA), University Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA) University of Oviedo and CIBERESP
| | - Rick Kye Gan
- Public Health Department, Unit for Research in Emergency and Disaster, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta-Maria Rodriguez-Suarez
- Public Health Research Institute of Investigation (ISPA), University Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA) University of Oviedo and CIBERESP
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Public Health Research Institute of Investigation (ISPA), University Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA) University of Oviedo and CIBERESP
| | - Pedro Arcos-González
- Public Health Department, Unit for Research in Emergency and Disaster, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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Ou L, Zhu Z, Hao Y, Li Q, Liu H, Chen Q, Peng C, Zhang C, Zou Y, Jia J, Li H, Wang Y, Su B, Lai Y, Chen M, Chen H, Feng Z, Zhang G, Yao M. 1,3,6-Trigalloylglucose: A Novel Potent Anti- Helicobacter pylori Adhesion Agent Derived from Aqueous Extracts of Terminalia chebula Retz. Molecules 2024; 29:1161. [PMID: 38474673 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
1,3,6-Trigalloylglucose is a natural compound that can be extracted from the aqueous extracts of ripe fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz, commonly known as "Haritaki". The potential anti-Helicobacter pylori (HP) activity of this compound has not been extensively studied or confirmed in scientific research. This compound was isolated using a semi-preparative liquid chromatography (LC) system and identified through Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-MS/MS (UPLC-MS/MS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Its role was evaluated using Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assay, scanning electron microscope (SEM), inhibiting kinetics curves, urea fast test, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Western blot, and Griess Reagent System. Results showed that this compound effectively inhibits the growth of HP strain ATCC 700392, damages the HP structure, and suppresses the Cytotoxin-associated gene A (Cag A) protein, a crucial factor in HP infection. Importantly, it exhibits selective antimicrobial activity without impacting normal epithelial cells GES-1. In vitro studies have revealed that 1,3,6-Trigalloylglucose acts as an anti-adhesive agent, disrupting the adhesion of HP to host cells, a critical step in HP infection. These findings underscore the potential of 1,3,6-Trigalloylglucose as a targeted therapeutic agent against HP infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy (Qingdao), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Lab of Shandong Province, Linyi 273400, China
| | - Yajie Hao
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Lab of Shandong Province, Linyi 273400, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Lab of Shandong Province, Linyi 273400, China
| | - Hengrui Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Future Homo Sapiens Institute of Regenerative Medicine Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Qingchang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Chang Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Chuqiu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yuanjing Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Junwei Jia
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Lab of Shandong Province, Linyi 273400, China
| | - Hui Li
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Lab of Shandong Province, Linyi 273400, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Lab of Shandong Province, Linyi 273400, China
| | - Bingmei Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yuqian Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Meiyun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Haobo Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhong Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy (Qingdao), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Lab of Shandong Province, Linyi 273400, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi 276006, China
| | - Meicun Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
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Kebede T, Ashenafi H. The Burden and Risk Factors of Helicobacter Pylori Infection Among Government Employees Who Clinically Complain of Indigestion but Allergic Diseases in Southeastern Ethiopia: A Multi-Institution Cross-Sectional Study. Res Rep Trop Med 2024; 15:25-49. [PMID: 38406662 PMCID: PMC10885702 DOI: 10.2147/rrtm.s447203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is believed to have spread from East Africa, but its burden is still unknown in less privileged regions of Ethiopia. Indigestion is an upset stomach, upper abdomen discomfort, heartburn, and bloating. This study evaluated the burden and risk factors for H. pylori infection among government employees who clinically complained of indigestion but allergic diseases in five public health institutions in Southeastern Ethiopia. Methods A health facilities-based cross-sectional survey study was conducted in Southeastern Ethiopia from March to November 2022, employing cluster sampling. Blood specimens, clinical data, and semi-structured questionnaires about risk factors were collected. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression in STATA software, Windows version 16.1. Results The overall prevalence of infection was found to be 77.6%. The sampled health institution (ρ-value < 0.05), engagement in sideline business (ρ-value < 0.05), sharing local spoon on meal [AOR = 39.30; CI:19.52 -78.31; ρ-value < 0.001], admitting "Gursha" during meal [AOR = 71.48; CI:3.99 -1279.77; ρ-value < 0.05], the toilet type [AOR = 1410.98; CI:121.16 -16,431.19; ρ-value < 0.001], alcohol drinking [AOR = 15.15; CI:1.90 -120.62; ρ-value < 0.05], sleeping hours length [AOR = 15.01; CI:13.48-55.96; ρ-value < 0.001], chewing Khat [AOR = 76.73; CI:8.57-687.07; ρ-value < 0.001], and regular hand washing before eating [AOR = 0.15; CI:0.12-0.19; ρ-value < 0.05] were the independent predictors of H. pylori infection. Conclusion The prevalence rate of H. pylori infection in Southeastern Ethiopia is agonizingly high, exceeding the world average by 27.6%, the first report, and seems to be one of the neglected infectious diseases. Hence, the Oromia Region Health Bureau should reinvigorate the basic infectious disease control methods, establish routine laboratory diagnostic platforms, and intervene in selected societal practices spreading infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taye Kebede
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Immunology, Madda Walabu University, Bale-Robe, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa Administration City, Ethiopia
| | - Hagos Ashenafi
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa Administration City, Ethiopia
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Fischbach W, Bornschein J, Hoffmann JC, Koletzko S, Link A, Macke L, Malfertheiner P, Schütte K, Selgrad DM, Suerbaum S, Schulz C. Update S2k-Guideline Helicobacter pylori and gastroduodenal ulcer disease of the German Society of Gastroenterology, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (DGVS). ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2024; 62:261-321. [PMID: 38364851 DOI: 10.1055/a-2181-2225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Bornschein
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit John, John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jörg C Hoffmann
- Medizinische Klinik I, St. Marien- und St. Annastiftskrankenhaus, Ludwigshafen, Deutschland
| | - Sibylle Koletzko
- Kinderklinik und Kinderpoliklinik im Dr. von Haunerschen Kinderspital, LMU-Klinikum Munich, Munich, Deutschland
- Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Alexander Link
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Deutschland
| | - Lukas Macke
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II Campus Großhadern, Universitätsklinikum Munich, Munich, Deutschland
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Standort Munich, Munich, Deutschland
| | - Peter Malfertheiner
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Deutschland
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II Campus Großhadern, Universitätsklinikum Munich, Munich, Deutschland
| | - Kerstin Schütte
- Klinik für Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Gastroenterologie, Niels-Stensen-Kliniken Marienhospital Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Deutschland
| | - Dieter-Michael Selgrad
- Medizinische Klinik Gastroenterologie und Onkologie, Klinikum Fürstenfeldbruck, Fürstenfeldbruck, Deutschland
- Klinik für Innere Medizin 1, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Suerbaum
- Universität Munich, Max von Pettenkofer-Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Munich, Deutschland
- Nationales Referenzzentrum Helicobacter pylori, Pettenkoferstr. 9a, 80336 Munich, Deutschland
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Standort Munich, Munich, Deutschland
| | - Christian Schulz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II Campus Großhadern, Universitätsklinikum Munich, Munich, Deutschland
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Standort Munich, Munich, Deutschland
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Liu M, Gao H, Miao J, Zhang Z, Zheng L, Li F, Zhou S, Zhang Z, Li S, Liu H, Sun J. Helicobacter pylori infection in humans and phytotherapy, probiotics, and emerging therapeutic interventions: a review. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1330029. [PMID: 38268702 PMCID: PMC10806011 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1330029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection remains high, indicating a persistent presence of this pathogenic bacterium capable of infecting humans. This review summarizes the population demographics, transmission routes, as well as conventional and novel therapeutic approaches for H. pylori infection. The prevalence of H. pylori infection exceeds 30% in numerous countries worldwide and can be transmitted through interpersonal and zoonotic routes. Cytotoxin-related gene A (CagA) and vacuolar cytotoxin A (VacA) are the main virulence factors of H. pylori, contributing to its steep global infection rate. Preventative measures should be taken from people's living habits and dietary factors to reduce H. pylori infection. Phytotherapy, probiotics therapies and some emerging therapies have emerged as alternative treatments for H. pylori infection, addressing the issue of elevated antibiotic resistance rates. Plant extracts primarily target urease activity and adhesion activity to treat H. pylori, while probiotics prevent H. pylori infection through both immune and non-immune pathways. In the future, the primary research focus will be on combining multiple treatment methods to effectively eradicate H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengkai Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinlai Miao
- First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China
| | - Ziyan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lili Zheng
- National Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Electrical Vehicle Power System (Qingdao), College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Sen Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiran Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shengxin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - He Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Aktualisierte S2k-Leitlinie Helicobacter
pylori und gastroduodenale Ulkuskrankheit der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten (DGVS) – Juli 2022 – AWMF-Registernummer: 021–001. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2023; 61:544-606. [PMID: 37146633 DOI: 10.1055/a-1975-0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
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10
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Teglia F, Collatuzzo G, Boffetta P. Occupational Cancers among Employed Women: A Narrative Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041334. [PMID: 36831675 PMCID: PMC9954144 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The facts that occupational cancer in women is under-investigated, with few in-depth analyses are well known. In recent decades the workforce has changed, with an increasing number of women employed. Therefore, the inclusion of women in occupational cancer studies has become more urgent and feasible than in the past decades. The difficulties to evaluate occupational causes of female gynecologic tumors in most past cohorts and the potential variation in outcome responses between men and women must be taken into consideration. This narrative review discusses women's occupational cancer as a current area of research, focusing on three groups of workers characterized by peculiar exposure to occupational carcinogens and where women are often employed: beauticians and hairdressers; farmers; and healthcare workers. We discuss the most relevant cancers in each working category, with a particular focus on female breast cancer. In the three industries reviewed in detail, there are some risk factors which may affect primarily women, inducing breast cancer and cervical cancer, as well as risk factors that are carcinogenic in both genders, but whose effects are less well known in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Teglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Collatuzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, New York, NY 11794, USA
- Correspondence:
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Duan M, Li Y, Liu J, Zhang W, Dong Y, Han Z, Wan M, Lin M, Lin B, Kong Q, Ding Y, Yang X, Zuo X, Li Y. Transmission routes and patterns of helicobacter pylori. Helicobacter 2023; 28:e12945. [PMID: 36645421 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the stomach, can cause chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers, as well as gastric cancer as a Class I carcinogen. However, the modes of H. pylori transmission are not clear. This review aims to clarify the transmission routes and patterns of H. pylori and identify efficacious prevention measures. METHODS Studies of H. pylori transmission were identified using PubMed, the Web of Science, and Cochrane Central; the retrieval deadline was October 2022. RESULTS The transmission routes of H. pylori are discussed, focusing on the five primary transmission routes, namely fecal-oral, oral-oral, gastric-oral, anal-oral, and genital-oral. We propose that H. pylori is contracted through multiple transmission routes. Additionally, we summarize the key transmission patterns of H. pylori, including person-to-person and animal-to-human transmission, as well as foodborne and occupational exposure. CONCLUSION Fecal-oral appears to be the most common H. pylori transmission routes. Although the oral-oral pathway is also important, the evidence does not support that this route of transmission is universal. The gastric-oral route occurs primarily in children and patients who are prone to vomiting. Meanwhile, the anal-oral and genital-oral routes remain hypothetical. Person-to-person and foodborne infections represent the predominant transmission patterns of H. pylori, whereas strong environmental and occupational limitations are associated with animal-to-human and occupational exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yueyue Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenlin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongxue Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Minjuan Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Boshen Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingzhou Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuming Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuli Zuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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12
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Quach DT, Mai BH, Tran MK, Dao LV, Tran HV, Vu KT, Vu KV, Pham HTT, Bui HH, Ho DDQ, Trinh DT, Nguyen VT, Duong TH, Tran TTK, Nguyen HTV, Nguyen TT, Nguyen TD, Nguyen LC, Dao HV, Thai KD, Phan NT, Le LT, Vo CHM, Ho PT, Nguyen TL, Le QD, Le NV, Phan HQ, Nguyen BC, Tran TT, Tran TV, Ta L. Vietnam Association of Gastroenterology (VNAGE) consensus on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 9:1065045. [PMID: 36714104 PMCID: PMC9878302 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1065045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is prevalent and has a rapidly increasing antibiotic resistance rate in Vietnam. Reinfection is quite common, and gastric carcinoma remains one of the most common malignancies, which is not uncommon to develop after successful eradication. The purpose of this consensus is to provide updated recommendations on the management of H. pylori infection in the country. The consensus panel consisted of 32 experts from 14 major universities and institutions in Vietnam who were invited to review the evidence and develop the statements using the Delphi method. The process followed the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. The consensus level was defined as ≥80% for agreement on the proposed statements. Due to the limited availability of high-quality local evidence, this consensus was also based on high-quality evidence from international studies, especially those conducted in other populations in the Asia-Pacific region. The panel finally reached a consensus on 27 statements after two voting rounds, which consisted of four sections (1) indications for testing and selection of diagnostic tests (2), treatment regimens, (3) post-treatment confirmation of H. pylori status, and (4) reinfection prevention methods and follow-up after eradication. Important issues that require further evidence include studies on third-line regimens, strategies to prevent H. pylori reinfection, and post-eradication follow-up for precancerous gastric lesions. We hope this consensus will help guide the current clinical practice in Vietnam and promote multicenter studies in the country and international collaborations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Trong Quach
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Nhan Dan Gia Dinh Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Mien Kieu Tran
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Long Van Dao
- Internal Medicine Faculty, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huy Van Tran
- Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Ho Thi-Thu Pham
- Internal Medicine Faculty, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Huu Bui
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Vinh Thuy Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanoi National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thai Hong Duong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Tuong Thi-Khanh Tran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | | | - Hang Viet Dao
- Internal Medicine Faculty, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Quang Dinh Le
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nho Viet Le
- Department of Internal Medicine, Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Trung Thien Tran
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Long Ta
- 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
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13
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Soloski MJ, Poulain M, Pes GM. Does the trained immune system play an important role in the extreme longevity that is seen in the Sardinian blue zone? FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:1069415. [PMID: 36601618 PMCID: PMC9806115 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.1069415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Villages in the island of Sardinia in the Mediterranean that display exceptional longevity are clustered within a defined mountainous region. Because of their unique location we hypothesize that these villages had a unique infectious disease exposure relevant to the observed successful longevity. These highland villages had a significant exposure to malaria in the first half of the 20th century after which malaria was eliminated due to vector control mechanisms. In addition, there is likely a high incidence of Helicobacter pylori infections among shepherds in Sardinia, the primary occupation of many living in the LBZ, as well as helminth infections among children. This suggests that individuals living in the LBZ had a unique infectious disease exposure. Specifically, we hypothesize that the continued high exposure of residents in the LBZ to these infectious agents prior to the 1950s lead to the generation of a uniquely trained (or imprinted) immune system. Once some of these diseases were eliminated in the latter half of the century, individuals within the LBZ were equipped with a trained immune system that was uniquely capable of not only responding effectively to common infections but also responding in a manner that maximized maintaining tissue health. In addition, there are lifestyle factors that also favor such a trained immune system. This hypothesis may help explain the slow progression of chronic immune mediated diseases as well as other chronic non-transmissible age-related diseases seen in the Sardinian LBZ and serve as a template for future studies that support or refute this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. Soloski
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Mark J. Soloski,
| | - Michel Poulain
- IACCHOS Université Catholique de Louvain, Estonian Institute for Population Studies, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Giovanni M. Pes
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Farmacia, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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14
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Abiko S, Hirayama Y, Otaki J, Harada Y, Kawakami K, Toi T, Takamiya T, Kawai T. Changes in prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Japan from 2008 to 2018: a repeated cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058774. [PMID: 36508195 PMCID: PMC9462096 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To understand the recent prevalence and time trends of Helicobacter pylori infection rates in the Japanese population. DESIGN Repeated cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS A total of 22 120 workers (age: 35-65 years) from one Japanese company, who underwent serum H. pylori antibody tests in a health check-up between 2008 and 2018. MEASURES H. pylori infection rates among participants aged 35 years from 2008 to 2018, and participants aged 35, 40, 45, and 50-65 years in 2018, based on the results of serum antibody tests, were analysed. In the 2018 analysis, in addition to the antibody test results, all participants who had undergone eradication treatment for H. pylori were considered as infected. Trends were examined using joinpoint analysis. RESULTS H. pylori was detected in 1100 of 7586 male and 190 of 1739 female participants aged 35 years. Annual infection rates among those aged 35 years showed linear downward trends as follows: men, 17.5% in 2008 to 10.1% in 2018 (slope: -0.66); women, 12.3% in 2008 to 9.2% in 2018 (slope: -0.51) without joinpoints. In the 2018 analysis, 2432 of 9580 men and 431 of 1854 women were H. pylori positive. Infection rates tended to increase with older age (men: 11.0% (35 years) to 47.7% (65 years); women: 10.0% (35 years) to 40.0% (65 years)), and showed joinpoints in both sexes (men: 54 years; women: 45 years). Although both the first and second trends were upward, the second trend for both men and women was steeper than the first trend (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that in the previous 11 years, infection rates of H. pylori in 35-year-old male and female Japanese workers have constantly decreased, and furthermore, analysis of various age groups showed joinpoints around 50 years, suggesting a consistent declining trend in H. pylori infection rates in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Abiko
- Department of General Medicine and Primary Care, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoji Hirayama
- Department of General Medicine and Primary Care, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Otaki
- Department of General Medicine and Primary Care, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Medical Education, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Harada
- Department of General Medicine and Primary Care, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Medical Education, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Kawakami
- Department of General Medicine and Primary Care, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Toi
- Department of General Medicine and Primary Care, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takamiya
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Heatlh, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawai
- Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Congedi J, Williams C, Baldock KL. Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori in Australia: a scoping review. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13430. [PMID: 35669956 PMCID: PMC9165601 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a bacterium implicated in the development of peptic ulcer and gastric cancer, is estimated to infect around half the world's population. Its prevalence in Australia is unclear. This scoping review aimed to evaluate all Australian literature providing estimates of the prevalence of H. pylori. Methods Australian studies examining H. pylori prevalence from 1982 onwards were eligible for inclusion. Medline, Embase and Scopus databases, and grey literature sources, were searched. Two independent reviewers undertook a two-stage screening process. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers using a pre-specified template. Results Of 444 identified studies, 75 were included in the review. H. pylori prevalence in Australian population-based studies (n = 8) ranged from 38.0% in 1991 to 15.1% in 2002; however, estimated prevalence across all non-clinical population studies in diverse sub-groups (n = 29) has varied dramatically. Decreased prevalence has been more marked in populations with gastrointestinal symptoms and conditions compared to non-clinical populations. Data on H. pyloriprevalence in vulnerable populations are lacking. Conclusions This is the first scoping review of Australian studies reporting H. pylori prevalence. A wide range of study designs, population groups, geographic regions, and diagnostic methods was included, involving data collected over a 50-year period (1969 to 2018). The summary of H. pylori prevalence estimates over time in this review points to a decrease in prevalence in Australia, particularly among populations with gastrointestinal symptoms and illnesses; however, it is unknown whether there is inequity in prevalence trends across vulnerable sub-groups of the Australian population. Future research and interventions supporting the health and wellbeing of vulnerable populations is required to ensure equitable health gains are made for all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian Congedi
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Craig Williams
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Katherine L. Baldock
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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16
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Nwaru CA, Santosa A, Franzén S, Nyberg F. Occupation and COVID-19 diagnosis, hospitalisation and ICU admission among foreign-born and Swedish-born employees: a register-based study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2022; 76:jech-2021-218278. [PMID: 34996808 PMCID: PMC8761595 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2021-218278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on occupation and risk of COVID-19 among foreign-born workers is lacking. We investigated whether working in essential occupations was associated with COVID-19 diagnosis, hospitalisation and intensive care unit (ICU) admission and whether foreign-born workers in similar occupations as Swedish-born individuals had a higher risk of the studied outcomes. METHODS Occupational data (2018-2019) of 326 052 employees (20-65 years) who were resident in Sweden as of 1 January 2020 were linked to COVID-19 data registered from 1 January 2020 to 28 February 2021. We analysed the risk of COVID-19 outcomes in different occupational groups and in four immigrant/occupation intersectional groups using Cox proportional hazards regression with adjustments for sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics and pre-existing comorbidities. RESULTS We identified 29797, 1069 and 152 cases of COVID-19 diagnosis, hospitalisations and ICU admissions, respectively, in our cohort. Workers in essential occupations had an elevated risk of COVID-19 diagnosis, hospitalisation, and ICU admissions. Healthcare workers had a higher risk of all the outcomes compared with other essential workers. Relative to Swedish-born workers in non-essential occupations, foreign-born workers in essential occupations had 1.85 (95% CI 1.78 to 1.93), 3.80 (95% CI 3.17 to 4.55) and 3.79 (95% CI 2.33 to 6.14) times higher risk of COVID-19 diagnosis, hospitalisation and ICU admission, respectively. The corresponding risks among Swedish-born workers in essential occupations were 1.44 (95% CI 1.40 to 1.49), 1.30 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.56) and 1.46 (95% CI 0.90 to 2.38). CONCLUSION Occupation was associated with COVID-19 outcomes and contributed to the burden of COVID-19 among foreign-born individuals in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chioma Adanma Nwaru
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ailiana Santosa
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefan Franzén
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- National Diabetes Register, Centre of Registers Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Nyberg
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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17
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Collatuzzo G, Fiorini G, Vaira B, Violante FS, Farioli A, Boffetta P. The role of the occupational physician in controlling gastric cancer attributable to Helicobacter pylori infection: A review. Prev Med Rep 2021; 24:101527. [PMID: 34976604 PMCID: PMC8683938 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to describe the potential role of occupational physician in the implementation of a screening program for Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection for gastric cancer prevention. We reviewed the epidemiological background of gastric cancer and its association with Hp, exploring the hypothesis of a "test-and-treat" protocol among working population. Clinical trials and model-based studies were collected to provided empirical evidence of the feasibility of eradication on large scale. In particular, previous studies conducted in occupational settings were discussed. Hp prevalence ranges between about 20 and 90%, with higher rates in Asia and Latin America and lower rates in Europe and North America. Large-scale trials on screening and treatment of infection have been conducted especially in East Asia, lacking elsewhere. Only few studies investigated Hp prevalence among workers. The benefit of eradication at occupational level has not yet been adequately studied. The design of a workplace-based Hp screening program appears to be innovative and could contribute to controlling gastric cancer. The benefit would involve not only high-risk subjects, but also their families, since the route of transmission is principally within the household. An occupational setting for a Hp screening would have positive consequences in terms of individual and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Collatuzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Fiorini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Berardino Vaira
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Farioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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18
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Loor A, Dumitrascu DL, Surdea-Blaga T, Leucuta DC, David L. Helicobacter pylori infection and positive Rome IV criteria for functional dyspepsia in Romanian medical students. J Med Life 2021; 14:492-497. [PMID: 34621372 PMCID: PMC8485373 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2021-0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent data suggest that the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in Romania has been declining in the last 30 years. However, there are no studies regarding HP prevalence among medical students. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of HP infection and assess the prevalence of dyspepsia in medical students and the relationship between dyspepsia and infection. We included 150 students from the Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Cluj-Napoca, Romania (102 females and 48 males, mean age 21 years). Each student completed a lifestyle questionnaire, personal history, family history as well as the Rome IV questionnaire for functional dyspepsia. The status of HP infection was determined using the C13-urea respiratory test. The prevalence of HP infection was 25.33%, and 18% met the Rome IV criteria for functional dyspepsia. 37% of students with functional dyspepsia had a positive HP test. Of all students, 8% had a history of HP infection. Those with a history of HP infection had a 4.45% (95% CI 1.6 – 12.37) higher risk of having positive Rome IV criteria for functional dyspepsia than those with no previous history of infection (p=0.008). Thus, the present study adds to the body of evidence regarding HP prevalence among medical students, 25.33% being positive. We found no statistically significant correlation between HP infection and functional dyspepsia. Those with a history of HP infection had a higher risk of functional dyspepsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Loor
- 2 Medical Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan-Lucian Dumitrascu
- 2 Medical Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Teodora Surdea-Blaga
- 2 Medical Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniel-Corneliu Leucuta
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Liliana David
- Nursing Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Leja M, Grinberga-Derica I, Bilgilier C, Steininger C. Review: Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2019; 24 Suppl 1:e12635. [PMID: 31486242 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent publications on the epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori. Two major systemic analyses, from Malaysia and Ethiopia, were published. The Brazilian Consensus Conference has stated that H pylori infection is an infectious disease with an indication for antimicrobial therapy. A continuous decrease in H pylori prevalence was reported from many regions worldwide, including Korea, China, Iran, and Austria. A cross-sectional H pylori prevalence study conducted in the United Arab Emirates found 41% prevalence in a group of healthy children and adults. Several studies from Asia addressed H pylori prevalence in adults undergoing regular checkup. The largest of such studies, performed in Korea, involved 24 471 subjects and reported 41.5% seroprevalence. A relatively smaller study from East China on 3252 subjects reported 27.5% prevalence. In contrast, a study from Spain reported 87.2% seroprevalence. A report on the association between smoking and H pylori seropositivity was published on behalf of the Stomach Cancer Pooling (StoP) Project-a consortium of epidemiological studies of gastric cancer. Also, other potential risk factors, including occupational risk factors, water supply, and food were analyzed. Gastroesophageal reflux and sexual partners has been associated with a higher risk for H pylori acquisition, and gut microbiota was suggested to play a role in intrafamilial transmission of H pylori. Finally, in a few studies (from Mexico and Japan), the catalytic model for predicting the potential risk of acquiring H pylori infection in the future was used. As anticipated, a further decline in H pylori-related disease was demonstrated by applying the modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mārcis Leja
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.,Riga East University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.,Digestive Diseases Centre GASTRO, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ieva Grinberga-Derica
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ceren Bilgilier
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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