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Aizaz M, Lubna, Jan R, Asaf S, Bilal S, Kim KM, Al-Harrasi A. Regulatory Dynamics of Plant Hormones and Transcription Factors under Salt Stress. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:673. [PMID: 39336100 PMCID: PMC11429359 DOI: 10.3390/biology13090673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
The negative impacts of soil salinization on ion homeostasis provide a significant global barrier to agricultural production and development. Plant physiology and biochemistry are severely affected by primary and secondary NaCl stress impacts, which damage cellular integrity, impair water uptake, and trigger physiological drought. Determining how transcriptional factors (TFs) and hormone networks are regulated in plants in response to salt stress is necessary for developing crops that tolerate salt. This study investigates the complex mechanisms of several significant TF families that influence plant responses to salt stress, involving AP2/ERF, bZIP, NAC, MYB, and WRKY. It demonstrates how these transcription factors (TFs) help plants respond to the detrimental effects of salinity by modulating gene expression through mechanisms including hormone signaling, osmotic stress pathway activation, and ion homeostasis. Additionally, it explores the hormonal imbalances triggered by salt stress, which entail complex interactions among phytohormones like jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and abscisic acid (ABA) within the hormonal regulatory networks. This review highlights the regulatory role of key transcription factors in salt-stress response, and their interaction with plant hormones is crucial for developing genome-edited crops that can enhance agricultural sustainability and address global food security challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aizaz
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Lubna
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Rahmatullah Jan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Saqib Bilal
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
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Zhang M, Hou X, Yang H, Wang J, Li Y, Liu Q, Zhang C, Wang B, Chen M. The NAC gene family in the halophyte Limonium bicolor: Identification, expression analysis, and regulation of abiotic stress tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108462. [PMID: 38484683 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
NAC transcription factors regulate plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, the number, types, and biological functions of Limonium bicolor LbNAC genes have remained elusive. L. bicolor secretes excessive salt ions through salt glands on its stems and leaves to reduce salt-induced damage. Here, we identified 63 NAC members (LbNAC1-63) in L. bicolor, which were unevenly distributed across eight chromosomes. Cis-elements in the LbNAC promoters were related to growth and development, stress responses, and phytohormone responses. We observed strong colinearity between LbNACs and GmNACs from soybean (Glycine max). Thus, LbNAC genes may share similar functions with GmNAC genes. Expression analysis indicated that 16 LbNAC genes are highly expressed in roots, stems, leaves, and flowers, whereas 17 LbNAC genes were highly expressed throughout salt gland development, suggesting that they may regulate this developmental stage. Silencing LbNAC54 in L. bicolor decreased salt gland density, salt secretion from leaves, and overall salt tolerance. In agreement, genes related to salt gland development were significantly downregulated in LbNAC54-silenced lines. Our findings shed light on LbNAC genes and help elucidate salt gland development and salt secretion in L. bicolor. Our data also provide insight into NAC functions in halophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, 250014, China; Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology & Crop Gene Editing, School of Life Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Xueting Hou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Hui Yang
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257000, China
| | - Juying Wang
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257000, China
| | - Ying Li
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257000, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Caixia Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Min Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, 250014, China; Dongying Institute, Shandong Normal University, No. 2 Kangyang Road, Dongying, 257000, China.
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Chen Y, Zhang M, Sui D, Jiang J, Wang L. Role of bZIP Transcription Factors in Response to NaCl Stress in Tamarix ramosissima under Exogenous Potassium (K +). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2203. [PMID: 38137025 PMCID: PMC10743189 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Salt stress is a significant environmental factor affecting plant growth and development, with NaCl stress being one of the most common types of salt stress. The halophyte, Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb (T. ramosissima), is frequently utilized for the afforestation of saline-alkali soils. Indeed, there has been limited research and reports by experts and scholars on the regulatory mechanisms of basic leucine zipper (bZIP) genes in T. ramosissima when treated with exogenous potassium (K+) to alleviate the effects of NaCl stress. This study focused on the bZIP genes in T. ramosissima roots under NaCl stress with additional KCl applied. We identified key candidate genes and metabolic pathways related to bZIP and validated them through quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The results revealed that under NaCl stress with additional KCl applied treatments at 0 h, 48 h, and 168 h, based on Pfam protein domain prediction and physicochemical property analysis, we identified 20 related bZIP genes. Notably, four bZIP genes (bZIP_2, bZIP_6, bZIP_16, and bZIP_18) were labeled with the plant hormone signal transduction pathway, showing a predominant up-regulation in expression levels. The results suggest that these genes may mediate multiple physiological pathways under NaCl stress with additional KCl applied at 48 h and 168 h, enhancing signal transduction, reducing the accumulation of ROS, and decreasing oxidative damage, thereby enhancing the tolerance of T. ramosissima to NaCl stress. This study provides gene resources and a theoretical basis for further breeding of salt-tolerant Tamarix species and the involvement of bZIP transcription factors in mitigating NaCl toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Chen
- Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 211153, China; (Y.C.); (M.Z.); (D.S.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 211153, China; (Y.C.); (M.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Dezong Sui
- Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 211153, China; (Y.C.); (M.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Jiang Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 211153, China; (Y.C.); (M.Z.); (D.S.)
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Wang L, Mo Z, Yu X, Mao Y. Characterization of the basic leucine zipper transcription factor family of Neoporphyra haitanensis and its role in acclimation to dehydration stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:617. [PMID: 38049766 PMCID: PMC10696790 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoporphyra haitanensis, a major marine crop native to southern China, grows in the harsh intertidal habitats of rocky coasts. The thallus can tolerate fluctuating and extreme environmental stresses, for example, repeated desiccation/rehydration due to the turning tides. It is also a typical model system for investigating stress tolerance mechanisms in intertidal seaweed. The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors play important roles in the regulation of plants' responses to environmental stress stimuli. However, little information is available regarding the bZIP family in the marine crop Nh. haitanensis. RESULTS We identified 19 bZIP genes in the Nh. haitanensis genome and described their conserved domains. Based on phylogenetic analysis, these 19 NhhbZIP genes, distributed unevenly on the 11 superscaffolds, were divided into four groups. In each group, there were analogous exon/intron numbers and motif compositions, along with diverse exon lengths. Cross-species collinearity analysis indicated that 17 and 9 NhhbZIP genes were orthologous to bZIP genes in Neopyropia yezoensis and Porphyra umbilicalis, respectively. Evidence from RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data showed that the majority of NhhbZIP genes (73.68%) exhibited transcript abundance in all treatments. Furthermore, genes NN 2, 4 and 5 showed significantly altered expression in response to moderate dehydration, severe dehydration, and rehydration, respectively. Gene co-expression network analysis of the representative genes was carried out, followed by gene set enrichment analysis. Two NhhbZIP genes collectively responding to dehydration and rehydration and their co-expressing genes mainly participated in DNA repair, DNA metabolic process, and regulation of helicase activity. Two specific NhhbZIP genes responding to severe dehydration and their corresponding network genes were mainly involved in macromolecule modification, cellular catabolic process, and transmembrane transport. Three specific NhhbZIP genes responding to rehydration and their co-expression gene networks were mainly involved in the regulation of the cell cycle process and defense response. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insights into the structural composition, evolution, and function of the NhhbZIP gene family. Our results will help us to further study the functions of bZIP genes in response to dehydration and rehydration in Nh. haitanensis and improve Nh. haitanensis in southern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization (Ministry of Education), Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Zhaolan Mo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Xinzi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yunxiang Mao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ministry of Education), College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute & Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Tropical Marine Bioresource (Ministry of Education), College of Fisheries and Life Science, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, 572022, China.
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266700, China.
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Yao K, Yao Y, Ding Z, Pan X, Zheng Y, Huang Y, Zhang Z, Li A, Wang C, Li C, Liao W. Characterization of the FLA Gene Family in Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) and the Expression Analysis of SlFLAs in Response to Hormone and Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16063. [PMID: 38003253 PMCID: PMC10671457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (FLAs), a subclass of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), participate in mediating plant growth, development, and response to abiotic stress. However, the characterization and function of FLAs in tomato are currently unknown. In this study, members of the tomato FLA family are characterized and analyzed in relation to their response to phytohormonal and abiotic stresses. The results show that a total of 24 FLA members were characterized in tomato. The structural domain analysis showed that these members have a high protein similarity. The expression profiles of different tissues indicated that the genes of most members of the tomato FLA gene family are highly expressed in roots, but to a lower extent in fruits. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that all 24 tomato FLA genes are responsive to ABA and MeJA. SlFLAs showed a positive response to salt and cold stress. SlFLA1, SlFLA12, and SlFLA14 are significantly induced under darkness. SlFLA1 and SlFLA3 are significantly induced under drought stress. This study provides a basis for a further understanding of the role of tomato FLA homologous genes in plant response to abiotic stress and lays the foundation for further research on the function of FLAs in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangding Yao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Y.); (Z.D.); (X.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.); (A.L.)
| | - Yandong Yao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Y.); (Z.D.); (X.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.); (A.L.)
| | - Zhiqi Ding
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Y.); (Z.D.); (X.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.); (A.L.)
| | - Xuejuan Pan
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Y.); (Z.D.); (X.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.); (A.L.)
| | - Yongqi Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Y.); (Z.D.); (X.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.); (A.L.)
| | - Yi Huang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Y.); (Z.D.); (X.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.); (A.L.)
| | - Zhuohui Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Y.); (Z.D.); (X.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.); (A.L.)
| | - Ailing Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Y.); (Z.D.); (X.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.); (A.L.)
| | - Chunlei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Y.); (Z.D.); (X.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.); (A.L.)
| | - Changxia Li
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
| | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Y.); (Z.D.); (X.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.); (A.L.)
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Bae Y, Song SJ, Lim CW, Kim CM, Lee SC. Tomato salt-responsive pseudo-response regulator 1, SlSRP1, negatively regulates the high-salt and dehydration stress responses. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14082. [PMID: 38148202 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Under severe environmental stress conditions, plants inhibit their growth and development and initiate various defense mechanisms to survive. The pseudo-response regulator (PRRs) genes have been known to be involved in fruit ripening and plant immunity in various plant species, but their role in responses to environmental stresses, especially high salinity and dehydration, remains unclear. Here, we focused on PRRs in tomato plants and identified two PRR2-like genes, SlSRP1 and SlSRP1H, from the leaves of salt-treated tomato plants. After exposure to dehydration and high-salt stresses, expression of SISRP1, but not SlSRP1H, was significantly induced in tomato leaves. Subcellular localization analysis showed that SlSRP1 was predominantly located in the nucleus, while SlSRP1H was equally distributed in the nucleus and cytoplasm. To further investigate the potential role of SlSRP1 in the osmotic stress response, we generated SISRP1-silenced tomato plants. Compared to control plants, SISRP1-silenced tomato plants exhibited enhanced tolerance to high salinity, as evidenced by a high accumulation of proline and reduced chlorosis, ion leakage, and lipid peroxidation. Moreover, SISRP1-silenced tomato plants showed dehydration-tolerant phenotypes with enhanced abscisic acid sensitivity and increased expression of stress-related genes, including SlRD29, SlAREB, and SlDREB2. Overall, our findings suggest that SlSRP1 negatively regulates the osmotic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongil Bae
- Department of Life Science (BK21 program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Jin Song
- Department of Horticulture Industry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Chae Woo Lim
- Department of Life Science (BK21 program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Min Kim
- Department of Horticulture Industry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lee
- Department of Life Science (BK21 program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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Ningning Z, Binbin L, Fan Y, Jianzhong C, Yuqian Z, Yejian W, Wenjie Z, Xinghua Z, Shutu X, Jiquan X. Molecular mechanisms of drought resistance using genome-wide association mapping in maize (Zea mays L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:468. [PMID: 37803273 PMCID: PMC10557160 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought is a critical abiotic stress that influences maize yield and reduces grain yield when it occurs at the flowering or filling stage. To dissect the genetic architecture of grain yield under drought stress (DS), a genome-wide association analysis was conducted in a maize population composed of diverse inbred lines from five locations under well-watered and DS conditions at flowering in 2019 and 2020. RESULTS Using a fixed and random model circulating probability unification model, a total of 147 loci associated with grain yield or the drought resistance index (DRI) were identified, of which 54 loci were associated with a DRI with an average phenotypic variation explanation of 4.03%. Further, 10 of these loci explained more than 10% of the phenotypic variation. By integrating two public transcriptome datasets, 22 differentially expressed genes were considered as candidate genes, including the cloned gene ZmNAC49, which responds to drought by regulating stomatal density. Enrichment and protein interaction network showed that signaling pathways responded to drought resistance, including jasmonic acid and salicylic acid, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and abscisic acid-activated. Additionally, several transcription factors involved in DS were identified, including basic leucine zipper (GRMZM2G370026), NAC (GRMZM2G347043), and ethylene-responsive element binding protein (GRMZM2G169654). CONCLUSIONS In this study, we nominated several genes as candidate genes for drought resistance by intergrating association maping and transcription analysis. These results provide valuable information for understanding the genetic basis of drought tolerance at the mature stage and for designing drought-tolerant maize breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Ningning
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Liu Binbin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ye Fan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chang Jianzhong
- Agricultural University of Shanxi, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030600, China
| | - Zhou Yuqian
- Crop Institute of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Wang Yejian
- Institute of Grain Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000, China
| | - Zhang Wenjie
- Crop Institute of Ningxia Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750000, China
| | - Zhang Xinghua
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xu Shutu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Xue Jiquan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Xia D, Guan L, Yin Y, Wang Y, Shi H, Li W, Zhang D, Song R, Hu T, Zhan X. Genome-Wide Analysis of MBF1 Family Genes in Five Solanaceous Plants and Functional Analysis of SlER24 in Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13965. [PMID: 37762268 PMCID: PMC10531278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiprotein bridging factor 1 (MBF1) is an ancient family of transcription coactivators that play a crucial role in the response of plants to abiotic stress. In this study, we analyzed the genomic data of five Solanaceae plants and identified a total of 21 MBF1 genes. The expansion of MBF1a and MBF1b subfamilies was attributed to whole-genome duplication (WGD), and the expansion of the MBF1c subfamily occurred through transposed duplication (TRD). Collinearity analysis within Solanaceae species revealed collinearity between members of the MBF1a and MBF1b subfamilies, whereas the MBF1c subfamily showed relative independence. The gene expression of SlER24 was induced by sodium chloride (NaCl), polyethylene glycol (PEG), ABA (abscisic acid), and ethrel treatments, with the highest expression observed under NaCl treatment. The overexpression of SlER24 significantly enhanced the salt tolerance of tomato, and the functional deficiency of SlER24 decreased the tolerance of tomato to salt stress. SlER24 enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity to reduce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alleviated plasma membrane damage under salt stress. SlER24 upregulated the expression levels of salt stress-related genes to enhance salt tolerance in tomato. In conclusion, this study provides basic information for the study of the MBF1 family of Solanaceae under abiotic stress, as well as a reference for the study of other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongnan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Lulu Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China;
| | - Yue Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Yixi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Hongyan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Wenyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Dekai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Ran Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Tixu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Xiangqiang Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
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Zhang H, Song J, Dong F, Li Y, Ge S, Wei B, Liu Y. Multiple roles of wheat ferritin genes during stress treatment and TaFER5D-1 as a positive regulator in response to drought and salt tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107921. [PMID: 37544121 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Ferritin not only regulates the plant's iron content but also plays a significant role in the plant's development and resistance to oxidative damage. However, the role of the FER family in wheat has not been systematically elucidated. In this study, 39 FERs identified from wheat and its ancestral species were clustered into two subgroups, and gene members from the same group contain relatively conservative protein models. The structural analyses indicated that the gene members from the same group contained relatively conserved protein models. The cis-acting elements and expression patterns analysis suggested that TaFERs might play an important role combating to abiotic and biotic stresses. In the transcriptional analysis, the TaFER5D-1 gene was found to be significantly up-regulated under drought and salt stresses and was, therefore, selected to further explore the biological functions Moreover, the GFP expression assay revealed the subcellular localization of TaFER5D-1 proteins in the chloroplast, nucleus, membrane and cytoplasm. Over-expression of TaFER5D-1 in transgenic Arabidopsis lines conferred greater tolerance to drought and salt stress. According to the qRT-PCR data, TaFER5D-1 gene over-expression increased the expression of genes related to root development (Atsweet-17 and AtRSL4), iron storage (AtVIT1 and AtYSL1), and stress response (AtGolS1 and AtCOR47). So it is speculated that TaFER5D-1 could improve stress tolerance by promoting root growth, iron storage, and stress-response ability. Thus, the current study provides insight into the role of TaFER genes in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huadong Zhang
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Jinghan Song
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology/Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Feiyan Dong
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Yaqian Li
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Shijie Ge
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences/National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China.
| | - Yike Liu
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan, 430064, China.
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10
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Dong W, Xie Q, Liu Z, Han Y, Wang X, Xu R, Gao C. Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of the bZIP gene family in Betula platyphylla and the functional characterization of BpChr04G00610 under low-temperature stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 198:107676. [PMID: 37060866 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) gene, which plays a significant role in the regulation of tolerance to biotic/abiotic stresses, has been characterized in many plant species. Betula platyphylla is a significant afforestation species. To elucidate the stress resistance mechanism of birch, previous studies identified some stress resistance genes. However, the genome-wide identification and characterization of bZIP gene family in the birch have not been reported. Here, the 56 BpbZIP genes were identified and classified into 13 groups in birch. Cis-element analysis showed that the promoters of 56 family genes contained 108 elements, of which 16 were shared by 13 groups. There were 8 pairs of fragment repeats and 1 pair of tandem repeats, indicating that duplication may be the major reason for the amplification of the BpbZIP gene family. Tissue-specific of BpbZIP genes showed 18 genes with the highest expression in roots, 15 in flowers, 11 in xylem and 9 in leaves. In addition, five differentially expressed bZIP genes were identified from the RNA-seq data of birch under low-temperature stress, and the co-expressed differentially expressed genes were further screened. The analysis of gene ontology (GO) enrichment of each co-expression regulatory network showed that they were related to membrane lipids and cell walls. Furthermore, the transient overexpression of BpChr04G00610 decreased the ROS scavenging ability of birch under low-temperature stress, suggesting that it may be more sensitive to low-temperature. In conclusion, this study provides a basis for the study of the function of BpbZIP genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Qingjun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Zhongyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yating Han
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ruiting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Caiqiu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), Harbin, 150040, China.
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11
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Liu H, Tang X, Zhang N, Li S, Si H. Role of bZIP Transcription Factors in Plant Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097893. [PMID: 37175598 PMCID: PMC10177800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity has become an increasingly serious problem worldwide, greatly limiting crop development and yield, and posing a major challenge to plant breeding. Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors are the most widely distributed and conserved transcription factors and are the main regulators controlling various plant response processes against external stimuli. The bZIP protein contains two domains: a highly conserved, DNA-binding alkaline region, and a diverse leucine zipper, which is one of the largest transcription factor families in plants. Plant bZIP is involved in many biological processes, such as flower development, seed maturation, dormancy, and senescence, and plays an important role in abiotic stresses such as salt damage, drought, cold damage, osmotic stress, mechanical damage, and ABA signal response. In addition, bZIP is involved in the regulation of plant response to biological stresses such as insect pests and pathogen infection through salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ABA signal transduction pathways. This review summarizes and discusses the structural characteristics and functional characterization of the bZIP transcription factor group, the bZIP transcription factor complex and its molecular regulation mechanisms related to salt stress resistance, and the regulation of transcription factors in plant salt stress resistance. This review provides a theoretical basis and research ideas for further exploration of the salt stress-related functions of bZIP transcription factors. It also provides a theoretical basis for crop genetic improvement and green production in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xun Tang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shigui Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huaijun Si
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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12
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Xu Z, Wang J, Ma Y, Wang F, Wang J, Zhang Y, Hu X. The bZIP transcription factor SlAREB1 regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in response to low temperature in tomato. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36999610 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature and abscisic acid (ABA) are the two main factors that induce anthocyanin synthesis; however, their potential relationships in governing anthocyanin biosynthesis in Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) seedlings remains unclear. Our study revealed the involvement of the transcription factor SlAREB1 in the low-temperature response of tomato seedlings via the ABA-dependent pathway, for a specific temperature range. The overexpression of SlAREB1 enhanced the expression of anthocyanin-related genes and the accumulation of anthocyanins, especially under low-temperature conditions, whereas silencing SlAREB1 dramatically reduced gene expression and anthocyanin accumulation. There is a direct interaction between SlAREB1 and the promoters of SlDFR and SlF3'5'H, which are structural genes that impact anthocyanin biosynthesis. SlAREB1 can regulate anthocyanins through controlling SlDFR and SlF3'5'H expression. Accordingly, SlAREB1 takes charge of regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in tomato seedlings via the ABA-dependent pathway at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Xu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jiachun Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yongbo Ma
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Fan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jingrong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiaohui Hu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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13
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How Changes in ABA Accumulation and Signaling Influence Tomato Drought Responses and Reproductive Development. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/ijpb14010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Water deficit conditions trigger the production of a chemical signal, the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA), which coordinates multiple responses at different temporal and spatial scales. Despite the complexity of natural drought conditions, the modulation of ABA signaling could be harnessed to ameliorate the drought performances of crops in the face of increasingly challenging climate conditions. Based on recent studies, increasing ABA sensitivity can lead to genotypes with improved drought resistance traits, with sustained biomass production in water-limiting environments and little or no costs with respect to biomass production under optimal conditions. However, variations in ABA production and sensitivity lead to changes in various aspects of reproductive development, including flowering time. Here we provide an updated summary of the literature on ABA-related genes in tomato and discuss how their manipulation can impact water-deficit-related responses and/or other developmental traits. We suggest that a better understanding of specific ABA components’ function or their expression may offer novel tools to specifically engineer drought resistance without affecting developmental traits.
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14
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Aslam MM, Deng L, Meng J, Wang Y, Pan L, Niu L, Lu Z, Cui G, Zeng W, Wang Z. Characterization and expression analysis of basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors responsive to chilling injury in peach fruit. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:361-376. [PMID: 36334232 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peach (Prunus persica L.) is prone to chilling injury as exhibited by inhibition of the ethylene production, failure in softening, and the manifestation of internal browning. The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors play an essential role in regulatory networks that control many processes associated with physiological, abiotic and biotic stress responses in fruits. Formerly, the underlying molecular and regulatory mechanism of (bZIP) transcription factors responsive to chilling injury in peach fruit is still elusive. METHODS AND RESULTS In the current experiment, the solute peach 'Zhongyou Peach No. 13' was used as the test material and cold storage at low temperature (4 °C). It was found that long-term low-temperature storage induced the production of ethylene, the hardness of the pulp decreased, and the low temperature also induced ABA accumulation. The changes of ABA and ethylene in peach fruits during low-temperature storage were clarified. Since the bZIP transcription factor is involved in the regulation of downstream pathways of ABA signals, 47 peach bZIP transcription factor family genes were identified through bioinformatics analysis. Further based on RT-qPCR analysis, 18 PpbZIP genes were discovered to be expressed in refrigerated peach fruits. Among them, the expression of PpbZIP23 and PpbZIP25 was significantly reduced during the refrigeration process, the promoter analysis of these genes found that this region contains the MYC/MYB/ABRES binding element, but not the DRES/CBFS element, indicating that the expression may be regulated by the ABA-dependent cold induction pathway, thereby responding to chilling injury in peach fruit. CONCLUSIONS Over investigation will provide new insights for further postharvest protocols related to molecular changes during cold storage and will prove a better cope for chilling injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Muzammal Aslam
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Deng
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, People's Republic of China
| | - Junren Meng
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Pan
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Niu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Lu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, People's Republic of China
| | - Guochao Cui
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfang Zeng
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Pan X, Wang C, Liu Z, Gao R, Feng L, Li A, Yao K, Liao W. Identification of ABF/AREB gene family in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) and functional analysis of ABF/AREB in response to ABA and abiotic stresses. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15310. [PMID: 37163152 PMCID: PMC10164373 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone that plays an important regulatory role in plant growth and stress response. The AREB (ABA-responsive element binding protein)/ABF (ABRE-binding factor) are important ABA-signaling components that participate in abiotic stress response. However, genome-scale analysis of ABF/AREB has not been systemically investigated in tomato. This study was conducted to identify tomato ABF/AREB family members and analyze their response to ABA and abiotic stresses. The results show that a total of 10 ABF/AREB members were identified in tomato, which are randomly distributed on five chromosomes. Domain analysis showed that these members exhibit high protein similarity, especially in the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain region. Subcellular localization analysis indicated that all 10 ABF/AREB members are localized in the nucleus. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that tomato ABF/AREB genes are divided into two groups, and they are similar with the orthologs of other plants. The analysis of cis-acting elements showed that most tomato ABF/AREB genes contain a variety of hormones and stress-related elements. Expression profiles of different tissues indicated that SlABF2 and SlABF10 play an important role in fruit ripening. Finally, qRT-PCR analysis revealed that 10 tomato ABF/AREB genes respond to ABA, with SlABF3 being the most sensitive. SlABF3, SlABF5 and SlABF10 positively respond to salt and cold stresses. SlABF1, SlABF3 and SlABF10 are significantly induced under UV radiation treatment. SlABF3 and SlABF5 are significantly induced in osmotic stress. Overall, this study may provide insight into the role of tomato ABF/AREB homologues in plant response to abiotic stresses, which laid a foundation for future functional study of ABF/AREB in tomato.
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16
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Biotechnological Interventions in Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum) for Drought Stress Tolerance: Achievements and Future Prospects. BIOTECH (BASEL (SWITZERLAND)) 2022; 11:biotech11040048. [PMID: 36278560 PMCID: PMC9624322 DOI: 10.3390/biotech11040048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Tomato production is severely affected by abiotic stresses (drought, flood, heat, and salt) and causes approximately 70% loss in yield depending on severity and duration of the stress. Drought is the most destructive abiotic stress and tomato is very sensitive to the drought stress, as cultivated tomato lack novel gene(s) for drought stress tolerance. Only 20% of agricultural land worldwide is irrigated, and only 14.51% of that is well-irrigated, while the rest is rain fed. This scenario makes drought very frequent, which restricts the genetically predetermined yield. Primarily, drought disturbs tomato plant physiology by altering plant–water relation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Many wild tomato species have drought tolerance gene(s); however, their exploitation is very difficult because of high genetic distance and pre- and post-transcriptional barriers for embryo development. To overcome these issues, biotechnological methods, including transgenic technology and CRISPR-Cas, are used to enhance drought tolerance in tomato. Transgenic technology permitted the exploitation of non-host gene/s. On the other hand, CRISPR-Cas9 technology facilitated the editing of host tomato gene(s) for drought stress tolerance. The present review provides updated information on biotechnological intervention in tomato for drought stress management and sustainable agriculture.
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17
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Xu Z, Wang F, Ma Y, Dang H, Hu X. Transcription Factor SlAREB1 Is Involved in the Antioxidant Regulation under Saline–Alkaline Stress in Tomato. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091673. [PMID: 36139748 PMCID: PMC9495317 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors of the ABA-responsive element binding factor/ABA-responsive element binding proteins (ABF/AREB) subfamily have been implicated in abscisic acid (ABA) and abiotic stress responses in plants. However, the specific function of ABF/AREB transcription factors under saline–alkaline stress is unclear. Here, we identified four ABF/AREB transcription factors in tomato and found that SlAREB1 strongly responded to both ABA and saline–alkaline stress. To further explore the function of SlAREB1 under saline–alkaline stress, SlAREB1-overexpressing lines were constructed. Compared with wild-type plants, SlAREB1-overexpressing transgenic tomato plants showed reduced malondialdehyde content, increased the relative water content, and alleviated the degradation of chlorophyll under saline–alkaline stress. Importantly, SlAREB1 directly physically interacted with SlMn-SOD, which improved the activity of antioxidant enzymes and increased the scavenging of excess reactive oxygen species. Overall, the overexpression of SlAREB1 increased the antioxidant capacity of the transgenic tomato under saline–alkaline stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Xu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest AF University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Xianyang 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Fan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest AF University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Xianyang 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yongbo Ma
- College of Horticulture, Northwest AF University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Xianyang 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Haoran Dang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest AF University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Xianyang 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xiaohui Hu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest AF University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Xianyang 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Xianyang 712100, China
- Correspondence:
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18
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Zhang W, Ye S, Du Y, Zhao Q, Du J, Zhang Q. Identification and Expression Analysis of bZIP Members under Abiotic Stress in Mung Bean ( Vigna radiata). Life (Basel) 2022; 12:938. [PMID: 35888028 PMCID: PMC9316212 DOI: 10.3390/life12070938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to identify the bZIP family members in mung bean and explore their expression patterns under several abiotic stresses, with the overarching goal of elucidating their biological functions. Results identified 75 bZIP members in mung bean, which were unevenly distributed in the chromosomes (1-11), and all had a highly conserved bZIP domain. Phylogenetic analysis divided the members into 10 subgroups, with members in the same subgroup having similar structure and motif. The cis-acting elements in the promoter region revealed that most of the bZIP members might have the connection with abscisic acid, ethylene, and stress responsive elements. The transcriptome data demonstrated that bZIP members could respond to salt stress at different degrees in leaves, but the expression patterns could vary at different time points under stress. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs), such as VrbZIP12, VrbZIP37, and VrZIP45, were annotated into the plant hormone signal transduction pathway, which might be regulated the expression of abiotic stress-related gene (ABF). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to determine the expression of bZIP members in roots and leaves under drought, alkali, and low-temperature stress. Results showed that bZIP members respond differently to diverse stresses, and their expression was tissue-specific, which suggests that they may have different regulatory mechanism in different tissues. Overall, this study will provide a reference for further research on the functions of bZIP members in mung bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Zhang
- Agronomy College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (W.Z.); (S.Y.); (Y.D.); (Q.Z.)
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Shijia Ye
- Agronomy College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (W.Z.); (S.Y.); (Y.D.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Yanli Du
- Agronomy College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (W.Z.); (S.Y.); (Y.D.); (Q.Z.)
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Agronomy College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (W.Z.); (S.Y.); (Y.D.); (Q.Z.)
- Research Center of Saline and Alkali Land Improvement Engineering Technology in Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Jidao Du
- Agronomy College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (W.Z.); (S.Y.); (Y.D.); (Q.Z.)
- Research Center of Saline and Alkali Land Improvement Engineering Technology in Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Agronomy College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (W.Z.); (S.Y.); (Y.D.); (Q.Z.)
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Cheng L, Ma L, Meng L, Shang H, Cao P, Jin J. Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the Class III Peroxidase Gene Family in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Front Genet 2022; 13:916867. [PMID: 35769995 PMCID: PMC9234461 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.916867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Class III peroxidases (PODs) are plant-specific enzymes that play significant roles in plant physiological processes and stress responses. However, a comprehensive analysis of the POD gene family in tobacco has not yet been conducted. In this study, 210 non-redundant POD gene members (NtPODs) were identified in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and distributed unevenly throughout 24 tobacco chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis clustered these genes into six subgroups (I-VI). Gene structure and motif analyses showed the structural and functional diversity among the subgroups. Segmental duplication and purifying selection were the main factors affecting NtPOD gene evolution. Our analyses also suggested that NtPODs might be regulated by miRNAs and cis-acting regulatory elements of transcription factors that are involved in various biological processes. In addition, the expression patterns in different tissues and under various stress treatments were investigated. The results showed that the majority of NtPODs had tissue-specific expression patterns and may be involved in many biotic and abiotic responses. qRT-PCR analyses of different tissues and stress treatments were performed to verify transcriptome patterns. Expression of a green fluorescent protein-NtPOD fusion confirmed the plasma membrane localization of NtPOD121 and NtPOD4. Furthermore, 3D structures provided evidences of membrane-bound peroxidase. These findings provide useful information to better understand the evolution of the NtPOD gene family and lay the foundation for further studies on POD gene function in tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingtong Cheng
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lanxin Ma
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lijun Meng
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haihong Shang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peijian Cao
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jingjing Jin, ; Peijian Cao,
| | - Jingjing Jin
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jingjing Jin, ; Peijian Cao,
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20
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Liu Y, Han ZJ, Su MX, Zhang M. Transcriptomic Profile Analysis of Populus talassica × Populus euphratica Response and Tolerance under Salt Stress Conditions. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13061032. [PMID: 35741794 PMCID: PMC9222677 DOI: 10.3390/genes13061032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A new Populus variety with a strong salt tolerance was obtained from cross breeding P. talassica as the female parent and P. euphratica as the male parent. In order to elucidate the molecular mechanism and find out the major differentially expressed genes of salt tolerance of P. talassica × P. euphratica, after being subjected to salt stress, at 0, 200, and 400 mmol/L NaCl, the root, stem, and leaf transcriptomes (denoted as R0, S0, and L0; R200, S200, and L200; and R400, S400, and L400, respectively) of P. talassica × P. euphratica were sequenced. In total, 41,617 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in all the comparison groups with 21,603 differentially upregulated genes and 20,014 differentially downregulated genes. Gene Ontology analysis showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in biological processes that may be involved in salt stress, such as ‘cell communication’, ‘ion transport’, ‘signaling’, and signal ‘transmission’. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in pathways of ‘plant–pathogen interaction’, ‘carbon metabolism’, and ‘plant hormone signal transmission’. The pathways and related gene information formed a basis for future research on the mechanisms of salt stress, the development of molecular markers, and the cloning of key genes in P. talassica × P. euphratica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China; (Y.L.); (M.X.S.); (M.Z.)
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Alar 843300, China
| | - Zhan Jiang Han
- College of Life Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China; (Y.L.); (M.X.S.); (M.Z.)
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Alar 843300, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Meng Xu Su
- College of Life Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China; (Y.L.); (M.X.S.); (M.Z.)
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Alar 843300, China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China; (Y.L.); (M.X.S.); (M.Z.)
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Alar 843300, China
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21
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Ma Y, Hu L, Wu Y, Tang Z, Xiao X, Lyu J, Xie J, Yu J. Green Light Partial Replacement of Red and Blue Light Improved Drought Tolerance by Regulating Water Use Efficiency in Cucumber Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:878932. [PMID: 35712603 PMCID: PMC9194611 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.878932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Light is one of the most important environmental signals in plant growth, development, and stress response. Green light has been proved to enhance plant defense against biotic and/or abiotic stress. To illustrate the effects of green light partially replaced red light and blue light on the plant under drought condition, cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Xinchun No. 4) seedlings were treated with short-term drought stress and were concomitantly exposed to four treatments, which were set up by adjusting the relative amount of green light as 0 (RB), 25 (RBG25), 50 (RBG50), and 75 (RBG75) μmol m-2 s-1, respectively, with a total photosynthetic photon flux density of 250 μmol m-2 s-1 and a fixed red-to-blue ratio of 4:1. The results showed that compared with RB, RBG50 significantly increased shoot fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW), root DW, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, and leaf dry mass per unit area (LMA) by 10.61, 7.69, 66.13, 6.22, 10.02, 4.10, and 12.41%, respectively. Also, the addition of green light significantly increased the root volume and root tip number. Moreover, green light partial replacement of red light and blue light increased total water content, especially free water content, improved leaf water status, and alleviated water loss in plants caused by drought stress. Also, the addition of green light increased net photosynthetic rate (Pn), reduced both stomata conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (E), enhanced the intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUE) and instantaneous water-use efficiency (iWUE) of leaves, and increased the content of chlorophylls a and b. Green light substituting a proportion of blue and red light regulated stomatal aperture by significantly increasing abscisic acid (ABA) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content. In addition, the increase of GABA was resulted from the upregulation of Glutamate Decarboxylase 2 (CsGAD2). However, the relative electrolytic leakage and contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide anion ( O 2 - ), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) vigorously decreased as the intensity of green light was added to the spectrum under drought. Conclusively, green light partially replaced red light and blue light and improved drought tolerance of cucumber seedlings by upregulating the expression of CsGAD2 gene and promoting the synthesis of GABA. The increase in GABA content further downregulated the expression of aluminum-activated malate transporter 9 (CsALMT9) gene, induced stomata to close, improved water utilization, and alleviated damage caused by drought. This study highlights a role of green light in plant physiological processes. Moreover, analyzing the function of green light on improving drought tolerance of plants could open alternative avenues for improving plant stress resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Ma
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Basic Experiment Teaching Center, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Linli Hu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhongqi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Xiao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian Lyu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianming Xie
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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22
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Yin Z, Meng X, Guo Y, Wei S, Lai Y, Wang Q. The bZIP Transcription Factor Family in Adzuki Bean ( Vigna Angularis): Genome-Wide Identification, Evolution, and Expression Under Abiotic Stress During the Bud Stage. Front Genet 2022; 13:847612. [PMID: 35547244 PMCID: PMC9081612 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.847612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) is an important dietary legume crop that was first cultivated and domesticated in Asia. Currently, little is known concerning the evolution and expression patterns of the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family transcription factors in the adzuki bean. Through the PFAM search, 72 bZIP members of adzuki bean (VabZIP) were identified from the reference genome. Most of them were located on 11 chromosomes and seven on an unknown chromosome. A comprehensive analysis, including evolutionary, motifs, gene structure, cis-elements, and collinearity was performed to identify VabZIP members. The subcellular localization results showed VabZIPs might locate on the nuclear. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis of the relative expression of VabZIPs in different tissues at the bud stage revealed that VabZIPs had a tissue-specific expression pattern, and its expression was influenced by abiotic stress. These characteristics of VabZIPs provide insights for future research aimed at developing interventions to improve abiotic stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengong Yin
- Crop Resources Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xianxin Meng
- Crop Resources Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yifan Guo
- Crop Resources Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuhong Wei
- Crop Resources Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yongcai Lai
- Crop Resources Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Crop Resources Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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23
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Faqir Napar WP, Kaleri AR, Ahmed A, Nabi F, Sajid S, Ćosić T, Yao Y, Liu J, Raspor M, Gao Y. The anthocyanin-rich tomato genotype LA-1996 displays superior efficiency of mechanisms of tolerance to salinity and drought. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 271:153662. [PMID: 35259587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tomato cultivation is affected by high soil salinity and drought stress, which cause major yield losses worldwide. In this work, we compare the efficiency of mechanisms of tolerance to salinity, and osmotic stress applied as mannitol or drought, in three tomato genotypes: LA-2838 (Ailsa Craig), LA-2662 (Saladette), and LA-1996 (Anthocyanin fruit - Aft), a genotype known for high anthocyanin content. Exposure to salinity or drought induced stress in all three genotypes, but the LA-1996 plants displayed superior tolerance to stress compared with the other two genotypes. They were more efficient in anthocyanin and proline accumulation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activity, and leaf Na+, K+, and Ca2+ homeostasis. In addition, they suffered lesser oxidative damage as measured by chlorophyll (Chl) loss and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, and bioassays showed that they were less affected in terms of seed germination and root elongation. Exposure to stress induced the upregulation of stress-related genes SlNCED1, SlAREB1, SlABF4, SlWRKY8, and SlDREB2A more efficiently in LA-1996 than in the two susceptible genotypes. Conversely, the upregulation of the NADPH oxidase gene SlRBOH1 was more pronounced in LA-2838 and LA-2662. Principal component analysis showed obvious distinction between the tolerant genotype LA-1996 and the susceptible LA-2838 and LA-2662 in response to stress, and association of leaf and stem anthocyanin content with major stress tolerance traits. We suggest that anthocyanin accumulation can be considered as a marker of stress tolerance in tomato, and that LA-1996 can be considered for cultivation in salinity- or drought-affected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wado Photo Faqir Napar
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Abdul Rasheed Kaleri
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Awais Ahmed
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Farhan Nabi
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Sumbal Sajid
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Tatjana Ćosić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Yinan Yao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Jikai Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China.
| | - Martin Raspor
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Yongfeng Gao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China.
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24
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Roccotiello E, Nicosia E, Pierdonà L, Marescotti P, Ciardiello MA, Giangrieco I, Mari A, Zennaro D, Dozza D, Brancucci M, Mariotti M. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) accumulation and allergenicity in response to nickel stress. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5432. [PMID: 35361841 PMCID: PMC8971441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vegetables represent a major source of Ni exposure. Environmental contamination and cultural practices can increase Ni amount in tomato posing significant risk for human health. This work assesses the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) response to Ni on the agronomic yield of fruits and the related production of allergens. Two cultivars were grown in pots amended with Ni 0, 30, 60, 120, and 300 mg kg−1, respectively. XRF and ICP-MS analyses highlighted the direct increase of fruit Ni content compared to soil Ni, maintaining a stable biomass. Leaf water content increased at Ni 300 mg kg−1. Total protein content and individual allergenic components were investigated using biochemical (RP-HPLC and N-terminal amino acid sequencing) and immunological (inhibition tests of IgE binding by SPHIAa assay on the FABER testing system) methodologies. Ni affected the fruit tissue concentration of pathogenesis-related proteins and relevant allergens (LTP, profilin, Bet v 1-like protein and TLP). This study elucidates for the first time that tomato reacts to exogenous Ni, uptaking the metal while changing its allergenic profiles, with potential double increasing of exposure risks for consumers. This evidence highlighted the importance of adequate choice of low-Ni tomato cultivars and practices to reduce Ni uptake by potentially contaminated matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Roccotiello
- Department of Earth Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Elena Nicosia
- Regione Liguria, Dipartimento Salute e Servizi Sociali, Settore Tutela della Salute negli Ambienti di Vita e di Lavoro Via Fieschi 17, Piano U8, 16121, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pierdonà
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 16500, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pietro Marescotti
- Department of Earth Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Ivana Giangrieco
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), CNR, Naples, Italy.,Allergy Data Laboratories (ADL), Latina, Italy
| | - Adriano Mari
- Allergy Data Laboratories (ADL), Latina, Italy.,Associated Centers for Molecular Allergology (CAAM), Rome, Italy
| | - Danila Zennaro
- Allergy Data Laboratories (ADL), Latina, Italy.,Associated Centers for Molecular Allergology (CAAM), Rome, Italy
| | - Denise Dozza
- IREN Laboratori S.P.a, Via SS. Giacomo E Filippo 7, 16122, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Mariotti
- Department of Earth Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genoa, Italy
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25
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Drought tolerance improvement in Solanum lycopersicum: an insight into "OMICS" approaches and genome editing. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:63. [PMID: 35186660 PMCID: PMC8825918 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03132-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) is an internationally acclaimed vegetable crop that is grown worldwide. However, drought stress is one of the most critical challenges for tomato production, and it is a crucial task for agricultural biotechnology to produce drought-resistant cultivars. Although breeders have done a lot of work on the tomato to boost quality and quantity of production and enhance resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, conventional tomato breeding approaches have been limited to improving drought tolerance because of the intricacy of drought traits. Many efforts have been made to better understand the mechanisms involved in adaptation and tolerance to drought stress in tomatoes throughout the years. "Omics" techniques, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics in combination with modern sequencing technologies, have tremendously aided the discovery of drought-responsive genes. In addition, the availability of biotechnological tools, such as plant transformation and the recently developed genome editing system for tomatoes, has opened up wider opportunities for validating the function of drought-responsive genes and the generation of drought-tolerant varieties. This review highlighted the recent progresses for tomatoes improvement against drought stress through "omics" and "multi-omics" technologies including genetic engineering. We have also discussed the roles of non-coding RNAs and genome editing techniques for drought stress tolerance improvement in tomatoes.
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26
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Behera TK, Krishna R, Ansari WA, Aamir M, Kumar P, Kashyap SP, Pandey S, Kole C. Approaches Involved in the Vegetable Crops Salt Stress Tolerance Improvement: Present Status and Way Ahead. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:787292. [PMID: 35281697 PMCID: PMC8916085 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.787292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses as it persists throughout the plant life cycle. The productivity of crops is prominently affected by soil salinization due to faulty agricultural practices, increasing human activities, and natural processes. Approximately 10% of the total land area (950 Mha) and 50% of the total irrigated area (230 Mha) in the world are under salt stress. As a consequence, an annual loss of 12 billion US$ is estimated because of reduction in agriculture production inflicted by salt stress. The severity of salt stress will increase in the upcoming years with the increasing world population, and hence the forced use of poor-quality soil and irrigation water. Unfortunately, majority of the vegetable crops, such as bean, carrot, celery, eggplant, lettuce, muskmelon, okra, pea, pepper, potato, spinach, and tomato, have very low salinity threshold (ECt, which ranged from 1 to 2.5 dS m-1 in saturated soil). These crops used almost every part of the world and lakes' novel salt tolerance gene within their gene pool. Salt stress severely affects the yield and quality of these crops. To resolve this issue, novel genes governing salt tolerance under extreme salt stress were identified and transferred to the vegetable crops. The vegetable improvement for salt tolerance will require not only the yield influencing trait but also target those characters or traits that directly influence the salt stress to the crop developmental stage. Genetic engineering and grafting is the potential tool which can improve salt tolerance in vegetable crop regardless of species barriers. In the present review, an updated detail of the various physio-biochemical and molecular aspects involved in salt stress have been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ram Krishna
- ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Pune, India
| | | | - Mohd Aamir
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Varanasi, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, India
| | | | - Sudhakar Pandey
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Varanasi, India
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27
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Liu L, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Tao X, Fang J, Zheng W, Zhu L, Jia B, Heng W, Li S. Identification of bZIP transcription factors and their responses to brown spot in pear. Genet Mol Biol 2022; 45:e20210175. [PMID: 35099498 PMCID: PMC8802300 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2021-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) is a conserved transcription factor (TF) widely
present in eukaryotes, and it plays an important role in regulating plant growth
and stress responses. To better understand the white pear bZIP
gene family, comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of the pear genome was
performed. A total of 84 PbbZIP genes were identified, which
were divided into 13 subfamilies by phylogenetic analysis. The 84
PbbZIP genes were all located in the nucleus, and 77 of
those genes were unevenly distributed across the 17 chromosomes of white pear.
The other 7 PbbZIP genes were located on the scaffold.
Subsequent expression profile analysis showed that PbbZIP genes
in exocarp were significantly upregulated or downregulated in ‘Huangguan’ pear
with brown spot (BS) compared with healthy pear and in response to hormonal
treatment with gibberellin A3 (GA3). These results provide
helpful insights into the characteristics of PbbZIP genes and
their responses to BS in ‘Huangguan’ pear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Horticulture, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Horticulture, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Horticulture, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Xingyu Tao
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Horticulture, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Jing Fang
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Horticulture, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Zheng
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Horticulture, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Liwu Zhu
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Horticulture, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Bing Jia
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Horticulture, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Wei Heng
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Horticulture, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Shaowen Li
- Anhui Agriculture University, School of Information and Computer Science, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
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28
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Qu D, Wu F, Zhao X, Zhu D, Gu L, Yang L, Zhao W, Sun Y, Yang J, Tian W, Su H, Wang L. A bZIP transcription factor VabZIP12 from blueberry induced by dark septate endocyte improving the salt tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 315:111135. [PMID: 35067305 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dark septate endophytes (DSEs) have attracted much attention due to their positive roles in plant growth as well as resistance to various abiotic stresses. However, there are no reports on the molecular mechanisms of DSE fungi to improve salt tolerance in plants. In this study, the blueberry seedlings inoculated with T010, a beneficial DSE fungus reported previously, grew more vigorously than the non-inoculated control under salt stress. Physiological indicators showed that T010 inoculation increased antioxidant activities of blueberry roots. To explore its molecular mechanism, we focused on the bZIP TFs VabZIP12, who was highly up-regulated with T010 inoculation under salt stress. Further studies showed that VabZIP12, as a transcription activator, could combine both G-Box 1 and G-Box 2 motifs. Moreover, overexpression of VabZIP12 enhanced salt stress tolerance through increasing the activities of the enzymatic antioxidants in the transgenic Arabidopsis with up-regulation the related genes. These results indicated that the induction of VabZIP12 contribute to improving the tolerance of blueberry to salt stress by T010 inoculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehui Qu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Fanlin Wu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Dongzi Zhu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Fruit Biotechnology Breeding, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Liang Gu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Fruit Biotechnology Breeding, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Yadong Sun
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Wei Tian
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Hongyan Su
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
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Hou F, Liu K, Zhang N, Zou C, Yuan G, Gao S, Zhang M, Pan G, Ma L, Shen Y. Association mapping uncovers maize ZmbZIP107 regulating root system architecture and lead absorption under lead stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1015151. [PMID: 36226300 PMCID: PMC9549328 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1015151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a highly toxic contaminant to living organisms and the environment. Excessive Pb in soils affects crop yield and quality, thus threatening human health via the food chain. Herein, we investigated Pb tolerance among a maize association panel using root bushiness (BSH) under Pb treatment as an indicator. Through a genome-wide association study of relative BSH, we identified four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 30 candidate genes associated with Pb tolerance in maize seedlings. Transcriptome analysis showed that four of the 30 genes were differentially responsive to Pb treatment between two maize lines with contrasting Pb tolerance. Among these, the ZmbZIP107 transcription factor was confirmed as the key gene controlling maize tolerance to Pb by using gene-based association studies. Two 5' UTR_variants in ZmbZIP107 affected its expression level and Pb tolerance among different maize lines. ZmbZIP107 protein was specifically targeted to the nucleus and ZmbZIP107 mRNA showed the highest expression in maize seedling roots among different tissues. Heterologous expression of ZmbZIP107 enhanced rice tolerance to Pb stress and decreased Pb absorption in the roots. Our study provided the basis for revelation of the molecular mechanism underlying Pb tolerance and contributed to cultivation of Pb-tolerant varieties in maize.
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Yu Y, Yang S, Bian L, Yu K, Meng X, Zhang G, Xu W, Yao W, Guo D. Identification of C3H2C3-type RING E3 ubiquitin ligase in grapevine and characterization of drought resistance function of VyRCHC114. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:422. [PMID: 34535070 PMCID: PMC8447581 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RING is one of the largest E3 ubiquitin ligase families and C3H2C3 type is the largest subfamily of RING, which plays an important role in plant growth and development, and growth and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. RESULTS A total of 143 RING C3H2C3-type genes (RCHCs) were discovered from the grapevine genome and separated into groups (I-XI) according to their phylogenetic analysis, and these genes named according to their positions on chromosomes. Gene replication analysis showed that tandem duplications play a predominant role in the expansion of VvRCHCs family together. Structural analysis showed that most VvRCHCs (67.13 %) had no more than 2 introns, while genes clustered together based on phylogenetic trees had similar motifs and evolutionarily conserved structures. Cis-acting element analysis showed the diversity of VvRCHCs regulation. The expression profiles of eight DEGs in RNA-Seq after drought stress were like the results of qRT-PCR analysis. In vitro ubiquitin experiment showed that VyRCHC114 had E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, overexpression of VyRCHC114 in Arabidopsis improved drought tolerance. Moreover, the transgenic plant survival rate increased by 30 %, accompanied by electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll content and the activities of SOD, POD, APX and CAT were changed. The quantitative expression of AtCOR15a, AtRD29A, AtERD15 and AtP5CS1 showed that they participated in the response to drought stress may be regulated by the expression of VyRCHC114. CONCLUSIONS This study provides valuable new information for the evolution of grapevine RCHCs and its relevance for studying the functional characteristics of grapevine VyRCHC114 genes under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihe Yu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023 Henan Province China
- Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation and Controlling of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023 Henan Province China
| | - Shengdi Yang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023 Henan Province China
- Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation and Controlling of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023 Henan Province China
| | - Lu Bian
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023 Henan Province China
- Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation and Controlling of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023 Henan Province China
| | - Keke Yu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023 Henan Province China
- Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation and Controlling of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023 Henan Province China
| | - Xiangxuan Meng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023 Henan Province China
- Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation and Controlling of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023 Henan Province China
| | - Guohai Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023 Henan Province China
- Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation and Controlling of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023 Henan Province China
| | - Weirong Xu
- School of Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021 Ningxia Province China
| | - Wenkong Yao
- School of Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021 Ningxia Province China
| | - Dalong Guo
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023 Henan Province China
- Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation and Controlling of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023 Henan Province China
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Gonzalo MJ, Nájera I, Baixauli C, Gil D, Montoro T, Soriano V, Olivieri F, Rigano MM, Ganeva D, Grozeva-Tileva S, Pevicharova G, Barone A, Granell A, Monforte AJ. Identification of tomato accessions as source of new genes for improving heat tolerance: from controlled experiments to field. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:345. [PMID: 34294034 PMCID: PMC8296629 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03104-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to global warming, the search for new sources for heat tolerance and the identification of genes involved in this process has become an important challenge as of today. The main objective of the current research was to verify whether the heat tolerance determined in controlled greenhouse experiments could be a good predictor of the agronomic performance in field cultivation under climatic high temperature stress. RESULTS Tomato accessions were grown in greenhouse under three temperature regimes: control (T1), moderate (T2) and extreme heat stress (T3). Reproductive traits (flower and fruit number and fruit set) were used to define heat tolerance. In a first screening, heat tolerance was evaluated in 219 tomato accessions. A total of 51 accessions were identified as being potentially heat tolerant. Among those, 28 accessions, together with 10 accessions from Italy (7) and Bulgaria (3), selected for their heat tolerance in the field in parallel experiments, were re-evaluated at three temperature treatments. Sixteen tomato accessions showed a significant heat tolerance at T3, including five wild species, two traditional cultivars and four commercial varieties, one accession from Bulgaria and four from Italy. The 15 most promising accessions for heat tolerance were assayed in field trials in Italy and Bulgaria, confirming the good performance of most of them at high temperatures. Finally, a differential gene expression analysis in pre-anthesis (ovary) and post-anthesis (developing fruit) under heat stress among pairs of contrasting genotypes (tolerant and sensitive from traditional and modern groups) showed that the major differential responses were produced in post-anthesis fruit. The response of the sensitive genotypes included the induction of HSP genes, whereas the tolerant genotype response included the induction of genes involved in the regulation of hormones or enzymes such as abscisic acid and transferases. CONCLUSIONS The high temperature tolerance of fifteen tomato accessions observed in controlled greenhouse experiments were confirmed in agronomic field experiments providing new sources of heat tolerance that could be incorporated into breeding programs. A DEG analysis showed the complex response of tomato to heat and deciphered the different mechanisms activated in sensitive and tolerant tomato accessions under heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Gonzalo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular Y Celular de Plantas, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - David Gil
- Enza Zaden Centro de Investigación S.L, Almería, Spain
| | | | - Vicky Soriano
- Enza Zaden Centro de Investigación S.L, Almería, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Olivieri
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Maria Manuela Rigano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Daniela Ganeva
- Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | | | | | - Amalia Barone
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Antonio Granell
- Instituto de Biología Molecular Y Celular de Plantas, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio José Monforte
- Instituto de Biología Molecular Y Celular de Plantas, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
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Understanding the Integrated Pathways and Mechanisms of Transporters, Protein Kinases, and Transcription Factors in Plants under Salt Stress. Int J Genomics 2021; 2021:5578727. [PMID: 33954166 PMCID: PMC8057909 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5578727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stress is the major threat confronted by modern-day agriculture. Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that influence geographical distribution, survival, and productivity of various crops across the globe. Plants perceive salt stress cues and communicate specific signals, which lead to the initiation of defence response against it. Stress signalling involves the transporters, which are critical for water transport and ion homeostasis. Various cytoplasmic components like calcium and kinases are critical for any type of signalling within the cell which elicits molecular responses. Stress signalling instils regulatory proteins and transcription factors (TFs), which induce stress-responsive genes. In this review, we discuss the role of ion transporters, protein kinases, and TFs in plants to overcome the salt stress. Understanding stress responses by components collectively will enhance our ability in understanding the underlying mechanism, which could be utilized for crop improvement strategies for achieving food security.
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Joo H, Baek W, Lim CW, Lee SC. Post-translational Modifications of bZIP Transcription Factors in Abscisic Acid Signaling and Drought Responses. Curr Genomics 2021; 22:4-15. [PMID: 34045920 PMCID: PMC8142349 DOI: 10.2174/1389202921999201130112116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Under drought stress, plants have developed various mechanisms to survive in the reduced water supply, of which the regulation of stress-related gene expression is responsible for several transcription factors. The basic leucine zippers (bZIPs) are one of the largest and most diverse transcription factor families in plants. Among the 10 Arabidopsis bZIP groups, group A bZIP transcription factors function as a positive or negative regulator in ABA signal transduction and drought stress response. These bZIP transcription factors, which are involved in the drought response, have also been isolated in various plant species such as rice, pepper, potato, and maize. Recent studies have provided substantial evidence that many bZIP transcription factors undergo the post-translational modifications, through which the regulation of their activity or stability affects plant responses to various intracellular or extracellular stimuli. This review aims to address the modulation of the bZIP proteins in ABA signaling and drought responses through phosphorylation, ubiquitination and sumoylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunhee Joo
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Woonhee Baek
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Woo Lim
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lee
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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Amin I, Rasool S, Mir MA, Wani W, Masoodi KZ, Ahmad P. Ion homeostasis for salinity tolerance in plants: a molecular approach. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 171:578-594. [PMID: 32770745 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the major environmental stresses faced by the plants. Sodium chloride is the most important salt responsible for inducing salt stress by disrupting the osmotic potential. Due to various innate mechanisms, plants adapt to the sodic niche around them. Genes and transcription factors regulating ion transport and exclusion such as salt overly sensitive (SOS), Na+ /H+ exchangers (NHXs), high sodium affinity transporter (HKT) and plasma membrane protein (PMP) are activated during salinity stress and help in alleviating cells of ion toxicity. For salt tolerance in plants signal transduction and gene expression is regulated via transcription factors such as NAM (no apical meristem), ATAF (Arabidopsis transcription activation factor), CUC (cup-shaped cotyledon), Apetala 2/ethylene responsive factor (AP2/ERF), W-box binding factor (WRKY) and basic leucine zipper domain (bZIP). Cross-talk between all these transcription factors and genes aid in developing the tolerance mechanisms adopted by plants against salt stress. These genes and transcription factors regulate the movement of ions out of the cells by opening various membrane ion channels. Mutants or knockouts of all these genes are known to be less salt-tolerant compared to wild-types. Using novel molecular techniques such as analysis of genome, transcriptome, ionome and metabolome of a plant, can help in expanding the understanding of salt tolerance mechanism in plants. In this review, we discuss the genes responsible for imparting salt tolerance under salinity stress through transport dynamics of ion balance and need to integrate high-throughput molecular biology techniques to delineate the issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insha Amin
- Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, FVSc & A.H., SKUAST, Shuhama, India
| | - Saiema Rasool
- Department of School Education, Govt. of Jammu & Kashmir, Srinagar, 190001, India
| | - Mudasir A Mir
- Transcriptomics Lab, Division of Plant Biotechnology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, 190025, India
| | - Wasia Wani
- Transcriptomics Lab, Division of Plant Biotechnology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, 190025, India
| | - Khalid Z Masoodi
- Transcriptomics Lab, Division of Plant Biotechnology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, 190025, India
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, S. P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190001, India
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Knockout of Auxin Response Factor SlARF4 Improves Tomato Resistance to Water Deficit. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073347. [PMID: 33805879 PMCID: PMC8037468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Auxin response factors (ARFs) play important roles in various plant physiological processes; however, knowledge of the exact role of ARFs in plant responses to water deficit is limited. In this study, SlARF4, a member of the ARF family, was functionally characterized under water deficit. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining showed that water deficit and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment reduced the expression of SlARF4. SlARF4 was expressed in the vascular bundles and guard cells of tomato stomata. Loss of function of SlARF4 (arf4) by using Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/Cas 9 (CRISPR/Cas 9) technology enhanced plant resistance to water stress and rehydration ability. The arf4 mutant plants exhibited curly leaves and a thick stem. Malondialdehyde content was significantly lower in arf4 mutants than in wildtype plants under water stress; furthermore, arf4 mutants showed higher content of antioxidant substances, superoxide dismutase, actual photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII), and catalase activities. Stomatal and vascular bundle morphology was changed in arf4 mutants. We identified 628 differentially expressed genes specifically expressed under water deficit in arf4 mutants; six of these genes, including ABA signaling pathway-related genes, were differentially expressed between the wildtype and arf4 mutants under water deficit and unlimited water supply. Auxin responsive element (AuxRE) elements were found in these genes' promoters indicating that SlARF4 participates in ABA signaling pathways by regulating the expression of SlABI5/ABF and SCL3, thereby influencing stomatal morphology and vascular bundle development and ultimately improving plant resistance to water deficit.
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Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of basic leucine zipper transcription factors following abiotic stresses in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247864. [PMID: 33711039 PMCID: PMC7954325 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important food crop that is grown and consumed worldwide. The growth and productivity of this crop are severely affected by various abiotic stresses. Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors (TFs) in plants are well known for their function during growth and development. However, systematic and in-depth identification and functional characterization of the bZIP gene family of potato is lacking. In the current study, we identified a total of 90 bZIPs (StbZIP) distributed on 12 linkage groups of potato. Based on the previous functional annotation and classification of bZIPs in Arabidopsis, wheat, and rice, a phylogenetic tree of potato bZIPs was constructed and genes were categorized into various functional groups (A to I, S, and U) as previously annotated in Arabidopsis thaliana. Analyses of the transcript sequence (RNA-seq) data led to identifying a total of 18 candidate StbZIPs [four in roots, eight in the tuber, six in mesocarp and endocarp] that were expressed in a tissue-specific manner. Differential expression analysis under the various abiotic conditions (salt, mannitol, water, and heat stress) and treatment with phytohormones (ABA, GA, IAA, and BAP) led to the identification of forty-two [thirteen under salt stress, two under mannitol stress, ten under water stress, and eighteen under heat stress], and eleven [eight and three StbZIPs upon treatment with ABA, and IAA, respectively] candidate StbZIPs, respectively. Using sequence information of candidate StbZIPs, a total of 22 SSR markers were also identified in this study. In conclusion, the genome-wide identification analysis coupled with RNA-Seq expression data led to identifying candidate StbZIPs, which are dysregulated, and may play a pivotal role under various abiotic stress conditions. This study will pave the way for future functional studies using forward and reverse genetics to improve abiotic stress tolerance in potato.
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Zhao K, Chen S, Yao W, Cheng Z, Zhou B, Jiang T. Genome-wide analysis and expression profile of the bZIP gene family in poplar. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:122. [PMID: 33648455 PMCID: PMC7919096 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02879-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The bZIP gene family, which is widely present in plants, participates in varied biological processes including growth and development and stress responses. How do the genes regulate such biological processes? Systems biology is powerful for mechanistic understanding of gene functions. However, such studies have not yet been reported in poplar. RESULTS In this study, we identified 86 poplar bZIP transcription factors and described their conserved domains. According to the results of phylogenetic tree, we divided these members into 12 groups with specific gene structures and motif compositions. The corresponding genes that harbor a large number of segmental duplication events are unevenly distributed on the 17 poplar chromosomes. In addition, we further examined collinearity between these genes and the related genes from six other species. Evidence from transcriptomic data indicated that the bZIP genes in poplar displayed different expression patterns in roots, stems, and leaves. Furthermore, we identified 45 bZIP genes that respond to salt stress in the three tissues. We performed co-expression analysis on the representative genes, followed by gene set enrichment analysis. The results demonstrated that tissue differentially expressed genes, especially the co-expressing genes, are mainly involved in secondary metabolic and secondary metabolite biosynthetic processes. However, salt stress responsive genes and their co-expressing genes mainly participate in the regulation of metal ion transport, and methionine biosynthetic. CONCLUSIONS Using comparative genomics and systems biology approaches, we, for the first time, systematically explore the structures and functions of the bZIP gene family in poplar. It appears that the bZIP gene family plays significant roles in regulation of poplar development and growth and salt stress responses through differential gene networks or biological processes. These findings provide the foundation for genetic breeding by engineering target regulators and corresponding gene networks into poplar lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 51 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Song Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 51 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Wenjing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 51 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China/Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Zihan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 51 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Boru Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 51 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Tingbo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 51 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China.
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Wang YH, Que F, Li T, Zhang RR, Khadr A, Xu ZS, Tian YS, Xiong AS. DcABF3, an ABF transcription factor from carrot, alters stomatal density and reduces ABA sensitivity in transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 302:110699. [PMID: 33288012 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid-responsive element (ABRE)-binding factors (ABFs) are important transcription factors involved in various physiological processes in plants. Stomata are micro channels for water and gas exchange of plants. Previous researches have demonstrated that ABFs can modulate the stomatal development in some plants. However, little is known about stomata-related functions of ABFs in carrots. In our study, DcABF3, a gene encoding for ABF transcription factor, was isolated from carrot. The open reading frame of DcABF3 was 1329 bp, encoding 442 amino acids. Expression profiles of DcABF3 indicated that DcABF3 can respond to drought, salt or ABA treatment in carrots. Overexpressing DcABF3 in Arabidopsis led to the increase of stomatal density which caused severe water loss. Expression assay indicated that overexpression of DcABF3 caused high expression of stomatal development-related transcription factor genes, SPCH, FAMA, MUTE and SCRMs. Increased antioxidant enzyme activities and higher expression levels of stress-related genes were also found in transgenic lines after water deficit treatment. Changes in expression of ABA synthesis-related genes and AtABIs indicated the potential role of DcABF3 in ABA signaling pathway. Under the treatment of exogenous ABA, DcABF3-overexpression Arabidopsis seedlings exhibited increased root length and germination rate. Our findings demonstrated that heterologous overexpression of DcABF3 positively affected stomatal development and also reduced ABA sensitivity in transgenic Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Feng Que
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Tong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Rong-Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Ahmed Khadr
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Ai-Sheng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
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Kumar P, Kumar P, Sharma D, Verma SK, Halterman D, Kumar A. Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of basic leucine zipper transcription factors following abiotic stresses in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). PLoS One 2021. [PMID: 33711039 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247864]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important food crop that is grown and consumed worldwide. The growth and productivity of this crop are severely affected by various abiotic stresses. Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors (TFs) in plants are well known for their function during growth and development. However, systematic and in-depth identification and functional characterization of the bZIP gene family of potato is lacking. In the current study, we identified a total of 90 bZIPs (StbZIP) distributed on 12 linkage groups of potato. Based on the previous functional annotation and classification of bZIPs in Arabidopsis, wheat, and rice, a phylogenetic tree of potato bZIPs was constructed and genes were categorized into various functional groups (A to I, S, and U) as previously annotated in Arabidopsis thaliana. Analyses of the transcript sequence (RNA-seq) data led to identifying a total of 18 candidate StbZIPs [four in roots, eight in the tuber, six in mesocarp and endocarp] that were expressed in a tissue-specific manner. Differential expression analysis under the various abiotic conditions (salt, mannitol, water, and heat stress) and treatment with phytohormones (ABA, GA, IAA, and BAP) led to the identification of forty-two [thirteen under salt stress, two under mannitol stress, ten under water stress, and eighteen under heat stress], and eleven [eight and three StbZIPs upon treatment with ABA, and IAA, respectively] candidate StbZIPs, respectively. Using sequence information of candidate StbZIPs, a total of 22 SSR markers were also identified in this study. In conclusion, the genome-wide identification analysis coupled with RNA-Seq expression data led to identifying candidate StbZIPs, which are dysregulated, and may play a pivotal role under various abiotic stress conditions. This study will pave the way for future functional studies using forward and reverse genetics to improve abiotic stress tolerance in potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dixit Sharma
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Shailender Kumar Verma
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dennis Halterman
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Arun Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zhou X, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Gao F, Liu H. The application of exogenous PopW increases the tolerance of Solanum lycopersicum L. to drought stress through multiple mechanisms. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:2521-2535. [PMID: 33424162 PMCID: PMC7772130 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00918-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Tomato is a major cultivated vegetable species of great economic importance throughout the world, but its fruit yield is severely impaired by drought stress. PopW, a harpin protein from Ralstonia solanacearum ZJ3721, plays vital roles in various plant defence responses and growth. In this study, we observed that the foliar application of PopW increased tomato drought tolerance. Our results showed that compared with water-treated plants, PopW-treated plants presented a significantly higher recovery rate and leaf relative water content under drought-stress conditions. PopW decreased the malondialdehyde content and relative electrical conductivity by 40.2% and 21%, respectively. Drought disrupts redox homeostasis through the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). PopW-treated plants displayed an obvious reduction in ROS accumulation due to enhanced activities of the antioxidant enzyme catalase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase. Moreover, PopW promoted early stomatal closure, thereby minimizing the water loss rate of plants under drought stress. Further investigation revealed that endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) levels and the transcript levels of drought-responsive genes involved in ABA signal transduction pathways increased in response to PopW. These results confirm that PopW increases drought tolerance through multiple mechanisms involving an enhanced water-retention capacity, balanced redox homeostasis, increased osmotic adjustment, reduced membrane damage and decreased stomatal aperture, suggesting that the application of exogenous PopW may be a potential method to enhance tomato drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosi Zhou
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangyuan Gao
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Ma XJ, Fu JD, Tang YM, Yu TF, Yin ZG, Chen J, Zhou YB, Chen M, Xu ZS, Ma YZ. GmNFYA13 Improves Salt and Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Soybean Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:587244. [PMID: 33193539 PMCID: PMC7644530 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.587244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
NF-YA transcription factors function in modulating tolerance to abiotic stresses that are serious threats to crop yields. In this study, GmNFYA13, an NF-YA gene in soybean, was strongly induced by salt, drought, ABA, and H2O2, and suppressed by tungstate, an ABA synthesis inhibitor. The GmNFYA13 transcripts were detected in different tissues in seedling and flowering stages, and the expression levels in roots were highest. GmNFYA13 is a nuclear localization protein with self-activating activity. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing GmNFYA13 with higher transcript levels of stress-related genes showed ABA hypersensitivity and enhanced tolerance to salt and drought stresses compared with WT plants. Moreover, overexpression of GmNFYA13 resulted in higher salt and drought tolerance in OE soybean plants, while suppressing it produced the opposite results. In addition, GmNFYA13 could bind to the promoters of GmSALT3, GmMYB84, GmNCED3, and GmRbohB to regulate their expression abundance in vivo. The data in this study suggested that GmNFYA13 enhanced salt and drought tolerance in soybean plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Ma
- Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Dong Fu
- Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Miao Tang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Hybrid Wheat, The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tai-Fei Yu
- Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Gong Yin
- Institute of Crop Resources, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Bin Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao-Shi Xu
- Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - You-Zhi Ma
- Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Li F, Liu J, Guo X, Yin L, Zhang H, Wen R. Genome-wide survey, characterization, and expression analysis of bZIP transcription factors in Chenopodium quinoa. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:405. [PMID: 32873228 PMCID: PMC7466520 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02620-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chenopodium quinoa Willd. (quinoa) is a pseudocereal crop of the Amaranthaceae family and represents a promising species with the nutritional content and high tolerance to stressful environments, such as soils affected by high salinity. The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor represents exclusively in eukaryotes and can be related to many biological processes. So far, the genomes of quinoa and 3 other Amaranthaceae crops (Spinacia oleracea, Beta vulgaris, and Amaranthus hypochondriacus) have been fully sequenced. However, information about the bZIPs in these Amaranthaceae species is limited, and genome-wide analysis of the bZIP family is lacking in quinoa. RESULTS We identified 94 bZIPs in quinoa (named as CqbZIP1-CqbZIP94). All the CqbZIPs were phylogenetically splitted into 12 distinct subfamilies. The proportion of CqbZIPs was different in each subfamily, and members within the same subgroup shared conserved exon-intron structures and protein motifs. Besides, 32 duplicated CqbZIP gene pairs were investigated, and the duplicated CqbZIPs had mainly undergone purifying selection pressure, which suggested that the functions of the duplicated CqbZIPs might not diverge much. Moreover, we identified the bZIP members in 3 other Amaranthaceae species, and 41, 32, and 16 orthologous gene pairs were identified between quinoa and S. oleracea, B. vulgaris, and A. hypochondriacus, respectively. Among them, most were a single copy being present in S. oleracea, B. vulgaris, and A. hypochondriacus, and two copies being present in allotetraploid quinoa. The function divergence within the bZIP orthologous genes might be limited. Additionally, 11 selected CqbZIPs had specific spatial expression patterns, and 6 of 11 CqbZIPs were up-regulated in response to salt stress. Among the selected CqbZIPs, 3 of 4 duplicated gene pairs shared similar expression patterns, suggesting that these duplicated genes might retain some essential functions during subsequent evolution. CONCLUSIONS The present study provided the first systematic analysis for the phylogenetic classification, motif and gene structure, expansion pattern, and expression profile of the bZIP family in quinoa. Our results would lay an important foundation for functional and evolutionary analysis of CqbZIPs, and provide promising candidate genes for further investigation in tissue specificity and their functional involvement in quinoa's resistance to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, People's Republic of China
- Research and Development Center of Agricultural Facility Technology, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxia Liu
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhu Guo
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Yin
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, People's Republic of China
- Research and Development Center of Agricultural Facility Technology, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, People's Republic of China
- Research and Development Center of Agricultural Facility Technology, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, People's Republic of China
| | - Riyu Wen
- Maize Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinzhou, 034000, People's Republic of China.
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Yu Y, Qian Y, Jiang M, Xu J, Yang J, Zhang T, Gou L, Pi E. Regulation Mechanisms of Plant Basic Leucine Zippers to Various Abiotic Stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1258. [PMID: 32973828 PMCID: PMC7468500 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Erxu Pi
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the bZIP Transcription Factors in the Mycoparasite Coniothyrium minitans. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8071045. [PMID: 32674413 PMCID: PMC7409085 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8071045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) proteins family is one of the largest and most diverse transcription factors, widely distributed in eukaryotes. However, no information is available regarding the bZIP gene family in Coniothyrium minitans, an important biocontrol agent of the plant pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In this study, we identified 34 bZIP genes from the C. minitans genome, which were classified into 8 groups based on their phylogenetic relationships. Intron analysis showed that 28 CmbZIP genes harbored a variable number of introns, and 15 of them shared a feature that intron inserted into the bZIP domain. The intron position in bZIP domain was highly conserved, which was related to recognize the arginine (R) and could be treated as a genomic imprinting. Expression analysis of the CmbZIP genes in response to abiotic stresses indicated that they might play distinct roles in abiotic stress responses. Results showed that 22 CmbZIP genes were upregulated during the later stage of conidial development. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis indicated that CmbZIP genes are involved in different stages of mycoparasitism. Among deletion mutants of four CmbZIPs (CmbZIP07, -09, -13, and -16), only ΔCmbZIP16 mutants significantly reduced its tolerance to the oxidative stress. The other mutants exhibited no significant effects on colony morphology, mycelial growth, conidiation, and mycoparasitism. Taken together, our results suggested that CmbZIP genes play important roles in the abiotic stress responses, conidial development, and mycoparasitism. These results provide comprehensive information of the CmbZIP gene family and lay the foundation for further research on the bZIP gene family regarding their biological functions and evolutionary history.
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Zhao P, Ye M, Wang R, Wang D, Chen Q. Systematic identification and functional analysis of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) bZIP transcription factors and overexpression of potato bZIP transcription factor StbZIP-65 enhances salt tolerance. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:155-167. [PMID: 32512099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors play important roles in numerous growth and developmental processes. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a worldwide important vegetable crop; nevertheless, no systematic identification or functional analysis of the potato bZIP gene family has been reported. In this research, 65 potato bZIPs distributed on 12 potato chromosomes were identified. According to the topology of Arabidopsis and potato bZIP phylogenetic tree, the bZIPs were classified into thirteen groups, designated as A-K, M, and S, with no potato bZIPs included in groups J and M. The bZIPs from the same group shared a conserved exon-intron structure, intron phase, and motif composition. Eighteen potato bZIPs were involved in segmental duplications, and the duplicated gene pairs were under purifying selection. No tandemly duplicated potato bZIP was found. Each potato bZIP promoter contained at least one kind of stress-responsive or stress-related hormone-responsive element. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses revealed different expression patterns of potato bZIPs under abiotic stresses. The overexpression of StbZIP-65 in Arabidopsis enhanced salt tolerance. The StbZIP-65 protein localized in the nucleus. β-Glucuronidase staining showed that promoter activity of StbZIP-65 was induced by exogenous methyl jasmonate. These results may aid in further functional studies of potato bZIP transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Minghui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ruoqiu Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Qin Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Wang W, Wang Y, Zhang S, Xie K, Zhang C, Xi Y, Sun F. Genome-wide analysis of the abiotic stress-related bZIP family in switchgrass. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4439-4454. [PMID: 32476099 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05561-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The large basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor family is conserved in plants. These proteins regulate growth, development, and stress response. Here, we conducted a genome-wide analysis to identify the bZIP genes associated with stress resistance in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). We identified 178 PvbZIPs unevenly distributed on 18 switchgrass chromosomes. An evolutionary analysis segregated them into 10 subfamilies. Gene structure and conserved motif analyses indicated that the same subfamily members shared similar intron-exon modes and motif compositions. This finding corroborated the proposed PvbZIP family grouping. A promoter analysis showed that PvbZIP genes participate in various stress responses. Phylogenetic and synteny analyses characterized 111 switchgrass bZIPs as orthologs of 70 rice bZIPs. A protein interaction network analysis revealed that 22 proteins are involved in salt and drought tolerance. An expression atlas disclosed that the expression patterns of several PvbZIPs differ among various tissues and developmental stages. Online data demonstrated that 16 PvbZIPs were significantly downregulated and five were significantly upregulated in response to heat stress. Other PvbZIPs participated in responses to abiotic stress such as salt, drought, cold, and heat. Our genome-wide analysis and identification of the switchgrass bZIP family characterized multiple candidate PvbZIPs that regulate growth and stress response. This study lays theoretical and empirical foundations for future functional investigations into other transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shumeng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kunliang Xie
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yajun Xi
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengli Sun
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Sun X, Zheng H, Li J, Liu L, Zhang X, Sui N. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals New lncRNAs Responding to Salt Stress in Sweet Sorghum. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:331. [PMID: 32351954 PMCID: PMC7174691 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can enhance plant stress resistance by regulating the expression of functional genes. Sweet sorghum is a salt-tolerant energy crop. However, little is known about how lncRNAs in sweet sorghum respond to salt stress. In this study, we identified 126 and 133 differentially expressed lncRNAs in the salt-tolerant M-81E and the salt-sensitive Roma strains, respectively. Salt stress induced three new lncRNAs in M-81E and inhibited two new lncRNAs in Roma. These lncRNAs included lncRNA13472, lncRNA11310, lncRNA2846, lncRNA26929, and lncRNA14798, which potentially function as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) that influence plant responses to salt stress by regulating the expression of target genes related to ion transport, protein modification, transcriptional regulation, and material synthesis and transport. Additionally, M-81E had a more complex ceRNA network than Roma. This study provides new information regarding lncRNAs and the complex regulatory network underlying salt-stress responses in sweet sorghum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongxiang Zheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinlu Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Luning Liu
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiansheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Na Sui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Zhang X, Yao Y, Li X, Zhang L, Fan S. Transcriptomic analysis identifies novel genes and pathways for salt stress responses in Suaeda salsa leaves. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4236. [PMID: 32144380 PMCID: PMC7060309 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61204-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity is a critical abiotic stress, which significantly impacts the agricultural yield worldwide. Identification of the molecular mechanisms underlying the salt tolerance in euhalophyte Suaeda salsa is conducive to the development of salt-resistant crops. In the present study, high-throughput RNA sequencing was performed after S. salsa leaves were exposed to 300 mM NaCl for 7 days, and 7,753 unigenes were identified as differently expressed genes (DEGs) in S. salsa, including 3,638 increased and 4,115 decreased unigenes. Moreover, hundreds of pathways were predicted to participate in salt stress response in S. salsa by Gene Ontology (GO), MapMan and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses, including ion transport and sequestration as well as photoprotection of photosystem (PS) II. The GO enrichment analysis indicated that genes related to ion transport, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and transcriptional factors were highly expressed upon NaCl treatment. The excessive Na+ and Cl- ions were supposed to be absorbed into the vacuole for ion sequestration and balance adjustment by potassium transporters (such as KEA3) with high expressions. Moreover, we predicted that mutiple candidate genes associated with photosynthesis (such as PSB33 and ABA4), ROS (such as TAU9 and PHI8) and transcriptional regulation (HB-7 and MYB78) pathways could mitigate salt stress-caused damage in S. salsa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie Zhang
- Key Lab of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Yao
- Key Lab of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Key Lab of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Luoyan Zhang
- Key Lab of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Shoujin Fan
- Key Lab of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
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Azeem F, Tahir H, Ijaz U, Shaheen T. A genome-wide comparative analysis of bZIP transcription factors in G. arboreum and G. raimondii (Diploid ancestors of present-day cotton). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:433-444. [PMID: 32205921 PMCID: PMC7078431 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00771-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Basic leucine zipper motif (bZIP) transcription factors (TFs) are involved in plant growth regulation, development, and environmental stress responses. These genes have been well characterized in model plants. In current study, a genome-wide analysis of bZIP genes was performed in Gossypium raimondii and Gossypium arboreum taking Arabidopsis thaliana as a reference genome. In total, 85 members of G. raimondii and 87 members of G. arboreum were identified and designated as GrbZIPs and GabZIPs respectively. Phylogenetic analysis clustered bZIP genes into 11 subgroups (A, B, C, D, F, G, H, I, S and X). Gene structure analysis to find the intro-exon structures revealed 1-14 exons in both species. The maximum number of introns were present in subgroup G and D while genes in subgroup S were intron-less except GrbZIP78, which is a unique characteristic as compared to other groups. Results of motif analysis predicted that all three species share a common bZIP motif. A detailed comparison of bZIPs gene distribution on chromosomes has shown a diverse arrangement of genes in both cotton species. Moreover, the functional similarity with orthologs was also predicted. The findings of this study revealed close similarity in gene structure of both cotton species and diversity in gene distribution on chromosomes. This study supports the divergence of both species from the common ancestor and later diversity in gene distribution on chromosomes due to evolutionary changes. Additionally, this work will facilitate the functional characterization of bZIP genes in cotton. Outcomes of this study represent foundation research on the bZIP TFs family in cotton and as a reference for other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrukh Azeem
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hira Tahir
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ijaz
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Shaheen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Zhang HX, Zhu WC, Feng XH, Jin JH, Wei AM, Gong ZH. Transcription Factor CaSBP12 Negatively Regulates Salt Stress Tolerance in Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E444. [PMID: 31936712 PMCID: PMC7013666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
SBP-box (Squamosa-promoter binding protein) genes are a type of plant-specific transcription factor and play important roles in plant growth, signal transduction, and stress response. However, little is known about the role of pepper SBP-box transcription factor genes in response to abiotic stress. Here, one of the pepper SBP-box gene, CaSBP12, was selected and isolated from pepper genome database in our previous study. The CaSBP12 gene was induced under salt stress. Silencing the CaSBP12 gene enhanced pepper plant tolerance to salt stress. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) of the detached leaves of CaSBP12-silenced plants was significantly lower than that of control plants. Besides, the Na+, malondialdehyde content, and conductivity were significantly increased in control plants than that in the CaSBP12-silenced plants. In addition, the CaSBP12 over-expressed Nicotiana benthamiana plants were more susceptible to salt stress with higher damage severity index percentage and accumulation of ROS as compared to the wild-type. These results indicated that CaSBP12 negatively regulates salt stress tolerance in pepper may relate to ROS signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Xia Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (H.-X.Z.); (X.-H.F.); (J.-H.J.)
| | - Wen-Chao Zhu
- Guizhou Institute of Pepper, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550009, China;
| | - Xiao-Hui Feng
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (H.-X.Z.); (X.-H.F.); (J.-H.J.)
| | - Jing-Hao Jin
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (H.-X.Z.); (X.-H.F.); (J.-H.J.)
| | - Ai-Min Wei
- Tianjin Vegetable Research Center, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China;
| | - Zhen-Hui Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (H.-X.Z.); (X.-H.F.); (J.-H.J.)
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