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Xuan M, Gu X, Liu Y, Yang L, Li Y, Huang D, Li J, Xue C. Intratumoral microorganisms in tumors of the digestive system. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:69. [PMID: 38273292 PMCID: PMC10811838 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01425-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumors of the digestive system pose a significant threat to human health and longevity. These tumors are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, leading to a heavy economic burden on healthcare systems. Several intratumoral microorganisms are present in digestive system tumors, and their sources and abundance display significant heterogeneity depending on the specific tumor subtype. These microbes have a complex and precise function in the neoplasm. They can facilitate tumor growth through various mechanisms, such as inducing DNA damage, influencing the antitumor immune response, and promoting the degradation of chemotherapy drugs. Therefore, these microorganisms can be targeted to inhibit tumor progression for improving overall patient prognosis. This review focuses on the current research progress on microorganisms present in the digestive system tumors and how they influence the initiation, progression, and prognosis of tumors. Furthermore, the primary sources and constituents of tumor microbiome are delineated. Finally, we summarize the application potential of intratumoral microbes in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis prediction of digestive system tumors. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjuan Xuan
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xinyu Gu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China
| | - Yingru Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Di Huang
- Department of Child Health Care, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Chen Xue
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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2
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Cao Y, Xia H, Tan X, Shi C, Ma Y, Meng D, Zhou M, Lv Z, Wang S, Jin Y. Intratumoural microbiota: a new frontier in cancer development and therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:15. [PMID: 38195689 PMCID: PMC10776793 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01693-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Human microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, play key roles in several physiological and pathological processes. Some studies discovered that tumour tissues once considered sterile actually host a variety of microorganisms, which have been confirmed to be closely related to oncogenesis. The concept of intratumoural microbiota was subsequently proposed. Microbiota could colonise tumour tissues through mucosal destruction, adjacent tissue migration, and hematogenic invasion and affect the biological behaviour of tumours as an important part of the tumour microenvironment. Mechanistic studies have demonstrated that intratumoural microbiota potentially promote the initiation and progression of tumours by inducing genomic instability and mutations, affecting epigenetic modifications, promoting inflammation response, avoiding immune destruction, regulating metabolism, and activating invasion and metastasis. Since more comprehensive and profound insights about intratumoral microbiota are continuously emerging, new methods for the early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of cancer patients have been under examination. In addition, interventions based on intratumoural microbiota show great potential to open a new chapter in antitumour therapy, especially immunotherapy, although there are some inevitable challenges. Here, we aim to provide an extensive review of the concept, development history, potential sources, heterogeneity, and carcinogenic mechanisms of intratumoural microorganisms, explore the potential role of microorganisms in tumour prognosis, and discuss current antitumour treatment regimens that target intratumoural microorganisms and the research prospects and limitations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Hui Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Xueyun Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Chunwei Shi
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Yanling Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Daquan Meng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Zhilei Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Sufei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
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Gutierrez-Angulo M, Ayala-Madrigal MDLL, Moreno-Ortiz JM, Peregrina-Sandoval J, Garcia-Ayala FD. Microbiota composition and its impact on DNA methylation in colorectal cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1037406. [PMID: 37614819 PMCID: PMC10442805 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1037406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a complex disease resulting from the interaction of genetics, epigenetics, and environmental factors. DNA methylation is frequently found in tumor suppressor genes to promote cancer development. Several factors are associated with changes in the DNA methylation pattern, and recently, the gastrointestinal microbiota could be associated with this epigenetic change. The predominant phyla in gut microbiota are Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes; however, an enrichment of Bacteroides fragilis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Streptococcus bovis, among others, has been reported in colorectal cancer, although the composition could be influenced by several factors, including diet, age, sex, and cancer stage. Fusobacterium nucleatum, a gram-negative anaerobic bacillus, is mainly associated with colorectal cancer patients positive for the CpG island methylator phenotype, although hypermethylation in genes such as MLH1, CDKN2A, MTSS1, RBM38, PKD1, PTPRT, and EYA4 has also been described. Moreover, Hungatella hathewayi, a gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium, is related to hypermethylation in SOX11, THBD, SFRP2, GATA5, ESR1, EYA4, CDX2, and APC genes. The underlying epigenetic mechanism is unclear, although it could be implicated in the regulation of DNA methyltransferases, enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a methyl group on cytosine of CpG sites. Since DNA methylation is a reversible event, changes in gut microbiota could modulate the gene expression through DNA methylation and improve the colorectal cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melva Gutierrez-Angulo
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Doctorado en Genética Humana e Instituto de Genética Humana “Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera”, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Maria de la Luz Ayala-Madrigal
- Doctorado en Genética Humana e Instituto de Genética Humana “Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera”, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jose Miguel Moreno-Ortiz
- Doctorado en Genética Humana e Instituto de Genética Humana “Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera”, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jorge Peregrina-Sandoval
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Fernando Daniel Garcia-Ayala
- Doctorado en Genética Humana e Instituto de Genética Humana “Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera”, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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Wong CC, Yu J. Gut microbiota in colorectal cancer development and therapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023:10.1038/s41571-023-00766-x. [PMID: 37169888 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00766-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the commonest cancers globally. A unique aspect of CRC is its intimate association with the gut microbiota, which forms an essential part of the tumour microenvironment. Research over the past decade has established that dysbiosis of gut bacteria, fungi, viruses and Archaea accompanies colorectal tumorigenesis, and these changes might be causative. Data from mechanistic studies demonstrate the ability of the gut microbiota to interact with the colonic epithelia and immune cells of the host via the release of a diverse range of metabolites, proteins and macromolecules that regulate CRC development. Preclinical and some clinical evidence also underscores the role of the gut microbiota in modifying the therapeutic responses of patients with CRC to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Herein, we summarize our current understanding of the role of gut microbiota in CRC and outline the potential translational and clinical implications for CRC diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Emphasis is placed on how the gut microbiota could now be better harnessed by developing targeted microbial therapeutics as chemopreventive agents against colorectal tumorigenesis, as adjuvants for chemotherapy and immunotherapy to boost drug efficacy and safety, and as non-invasive biomarkers for CRC screening and patient stratification. Finally, we highlight the hurdles and potential solutions to translating our knowledge of the gut microbiota into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Chun Wong
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Little A, Tangney M, Tunney MM, Buckley NE. Fusobacterium nucleatum: a novel immune modulator in breast cancer? Expert Rev Mol Med 2023; 25:e15. [PMID: 37009688 PMCID: PMC10407221 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer was the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide in 2020. Greater understanding of the factors which promote tumour progression, metastatic development and therapeutic resistance is needed. In recent years, a distinct microbiome has been detected in the breast, a site previously thought to be sterile. Here, we review the clinical and molecular relevance of the oral anaerobic bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum in breast cancer. F. nucleatum is enriched in breast tumour tissue compared with matched healthy tissue and has been shown to promote mammary tumour growth and metastatic progression in mouse models. Current literature suggests that F. nucleatum modulates immune escape and inflammation within the tissue microenvironment, two well-defined hallmarks of cancer. Furthermore, the microbiome, and F. nucleatum specifically, has been shown to affect patient response to therapy including immune checkpoint inhibitors. These findings highlight areas of future research needed to better understand the influence of F. nucleatum in the development and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Little
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Mark Tangney
- Cancer Research, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Michael M. Tunney
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Niamh E. Buckley
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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6
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Wang N, Fang JY. Fusobacterium nucleatum, a key pathogenic factor and microbial biomarker for colorectal cancer. Trends Microbiol 2023; 31:159-172. [PMID: 36058786 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the most prevalent cancers, has complex etiology. The dysbiosis of intestinal bacteria has been highlighted as an important contributor to CRC. Fusobacterium nucleatum, an oral anaerobic opportunistic pathogen, is enriched in both stools and tumor tissues of patients with CRC. Therefore, F. nucleatum is considered to be a risk factor for CRC. This review summarizes the biological characteristics and the mechanisms underlying the regulatory behavior of F. nucleatum in the tumorigenesis and progression of CRC. F. nucleatum as a marker for the early warning and prognostic prediction of CRC, and as a target for prevention and treatment, is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Xue C, Chu Q, Zheng Q, Yuan X, Su Y, Bao Z, Lu J, Li L. Current understanding of the intratumoral microbiome in various tumors. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100884. [PMID: 36652905 PMCID: PMC9873978 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
It is estimated that in the future, the number of new cancer cases worldwide will exceed the 19.3 million recorded in 2020, and the number of deaths will exceed 10 million. Cancer remains the leading cause of human mortality and lagging socioeconomic development. Intratumoral microbes have been revealed to exist in many cancer types, including pancreatic, colorectal, liver, esophageal, breast, and lung cancers. Intratumoral microorganisms affect not only the host immune system, but also the effectiveness of tumor chemotherapy. This review concentrates on the characteristics and roles of intratumoral microbes in various tumors. In addition, the potential of therapies targeting intratumoral microbes, as well as the main challenges currently delaying these therapies, are explored. Furthermore, we briefly summarize existing technical methods used to characterize intratumoral microbes. We hope to provide ideas for exploring intratumoral microbes as potential biomarkers and targets for tumor diagnosis, treatment, and prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qingfei Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qiuxian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yuanshuai Su
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zhengyi Bao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Juan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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8
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Wang G, He X, Wang Q. Intratumoral bacteria are an important "accomplice" in tumor development and metastasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188846. [PMID: 36496095 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As emerging tumor components, intratumoral bacteria have been found in many solid tumors. Several studies have demonstrated that different cancer subtypes have distinct microbial compositions, and mechanistic studies have shown that intratumoral bacteria may promote cancer initiation and progression through DNA damage, epigenetic modification, inflammatory responses, modulation of host immunity and activation of oncogenes or oncogenic pathways. Moreover, intratumoral bacteria have been shown to modulate tumor metastasis and chemotherapy response. A better understanding of the tumor microenvironment and its associated microbiota will facilitate the design of new metabolically engineered species, opening up a new era of intratumoral bacteria-based cancer therapy. However, many questions remain to be resolved, such as where intratumoral bacteria originate and whether there is a direct causal relationship between intratumoral bacteria and tumor susceptibility. In addition, suitable preclinical models and more advanced detection techniques are crucial for studying the biological functions of intratumoral bacteria. In this review, we summarize the complicated role of intratumoral bacteria in the regulation of cancer development and metastasis and discuss their carcinogenic mechanisms and potential therapeutic aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Department of General Surgery, The 74th Group Army Hospital, Guangzhou 510318, China
| | - Xianli He
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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Ou S, Wang H, Tao Y, Luo K, Ye J, Ran S, Guan Z, Wang Y, Hu H, Huang R. Fusobacterium nucleatum and colorectal cancer: From phenomenon to mechanism. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1020583. [PMID: 36523635 PMCID: PMC9745098 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1020583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the third most frequent malignant tumor. The gut microbiome acts as a vital component of CRC etiology. Fusobacterium nucleatum(Fn) is a key member of colorectal cancer-associated bacteria. But we lack a systematic and in-depth understanding on its role in CRC evolution. In this article, We reviewed the abundance changes and distribution of Fn in CRC occurrence and development, potential effect of Fn in the initiation of CRC, the source of intratumoral Fn and the cause of its tropism to CRC. In addition, We described the mechanism by which Fn promotes the malignant biological behavior of CRC, affects CRC response to therapy, and shapes the tumor immune microenvironment in great detail. Based on the relationship between Fn and CRC, we proposed strategies for CRC prevention and treatment, and discussed the feasibility and limitations of specific cases, to gain insights into further basic and clinical research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwen Ou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hufei Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yangbao Tao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kangjia Luo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinhua Ye
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Songlin Ran
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zilong Guan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuliuming Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hanqing Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,*Correspondence: Rui Huang,
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10
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Wang Y, Wen Y, Wang J, Lai X, Xu Y, Zhang X, Zhu X, Ruan C, Huang Y. Clinicopathological differences of high Fusobacterium nucleatum levels in colorectal cancer: A review and meta-analysis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:945463. [PMID: 36406461 PMCID: PMC9672069 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.945463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To systematically evaluate the significance of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) levels the clinicopathological impacts of cancer. Methods Literature from Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science was retrieved to collect all English literatures on the correlation between Fn and cancer, and the quality of literatures collected was assessed based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The heterogeneity and sensitivity were detected by Stata 14.0 software, and the correlation between Fn and cancer clinicopathological as the effect variables was assessed according to the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The forest plot was drawn. Results A total of 19 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected. The incidence of Fn prevalence varied considerably (range: 6.1 to 83.3%) and was greater than 10% in 13 of 19 studies. Compared with those with no/low Fn levels, the high levels of Fn was positively associated with vascular invasion, nerve invasion, depth of invasion, and distant metastasis [vascular invasion: OR = 1.66, 95%CI(1.07, 2.57), I2 = 21.9%, fixed effect model; nerve invasion: OR = 1.36, 95%CI(1.00, 1.84), I2 = 43.1%, fixed effect model; infiltration depth: OR = 1.94, 95%CI(1.20, 3.15), I2 = 67.2%, random effect model; distant metastasis: OR = 1.80, 95%CI(1.23, 2.64), I2 = 3.4%, fixed effect model]. Patients with MLH1 methylation always present a higher Fn levels than those without methylation [OR = 2.53, 95%CI(1.42, 4.53), P = 0.01, I2 = 57.5%, random effect model]. Further, Fn was associatedwith the molecular characteristics of cancers [MSI-H Vs. MSS/MSI-low: OR = 2.92, 95%CI(1.61, 5.32), P = 0.01, I2 = 63.2%, random effect model; High Vs. Low/Negative CIMP: OR = 2.23, 95%CI(1.64, 3.03), P = 0.01, I2 = 64.2%, random effect model; KRAS mutation Vs. wild-type: OR = 1.24, 95%CI(1.04, 1.48), P = 0.02, I2 = 27.0%, fixed effect model; Present Vs. Abscent BRAF mutations: OR = 1.88, 95%CI(1.44, 2.45), P = 0.01, I2 = 24.2%, fixed effect model]. The cancer patients with high levels of Fn often have worse RFS than those with no/low Fn levels[OR = 1.14, 95%CI(0.61, 1.68), P = 0.01, I2 = 80.7%, random effect model]. Conclusion This review and meta-analysis showed that Fn could be used to predict unfavorable prognosis and function as potential prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC). Our data may have implications for targeting Fn to develop strategies for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Pathology, Xi’an Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuting Wen
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Pathology, Xi’an Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiayin Wang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Jiayin Wang,
| | - Xin Lai
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Xu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuanping Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chenglin Ruan
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Department of Pathology, Xi’an Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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11
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Borelli B, Antoniotti C, Carullo M, Germani MM, Conca V, Masi G. Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC) Patients beyond Microsatellite Instability. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4974. [PMID: 36291761 PMCID: PMC9599678 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14204974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) showed impressive results in terms of activity and efficacy in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients bearing tumors with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) or high microsatellite instability (MSI-H). Despite that microsatellite status is the major predictive biomarker for the efficacy of ICIs, a proportion of dMMR/MSI-H mCRC tumors do not achieve benefit from immunotherapy due to the primary resistance. Deeper knowledge of biological mechanisms regulating dMMR/MSI-H CRC tumors and immune response may be useful to find new predictive biomarkers of ICIs benefit and tailor the use of immunotherapy even in dMMR/MSI-H mCRC patients. Moreover, several issues are still open, such as the secondary resection of metastases and the optimal duration of ICIs therapy in dMMR/MSI-H mCRC patients. Looking beyond microsatellite status, in a future perspective, several tools (i.e., Tumor Mutational Burden and PD-L1 expression) have been investigated to clarify their possible role as predictive biomarkers. Furthermore, a small subgroup of pMMR/MSS CRC tumors with a POLE mutation of the proofreading domain is characterized by hypermutated phenotype and might derive benefit from immune checkpoint inhibition. In the present work, we aim to review the most recent literature regarding treatment with ICIs in mCRC, focusing on dMMR/MSI-H and special subgroups of CRC patients. Hence, we summarize possible future targets and the most promising predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Borelli
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlotta Antoniotti
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Martina Carullo
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Maria Germani
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Veronica Conca
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianluca Masi
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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12
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Son YM, Kim J. The Microbiome-Immune Axis Therapeutic Effects in Cancer Treatments. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:1086-1097. [PMID: 36116940 PMCID: PMC9628962 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2208.08002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
During the last decades, research and therapeutic methods in cancer treatment have been evolving. As the results, nowadays, cancer patients are receiving several types of treatments, ranging from chemotherapy and radiation therapy to surgery and immunotherapy. In fact, most cancer patients take a combination of current anti-cancer therapies to improve the efficacy of treatment. However, current strategies still cause some side effects to patients, such as pain and depression. Therefore, there is the need to discover better ways to eradicate cancer whilst minimizing side effects. Recently, immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint blockade, is rising as an effective anti-cancer treatment. Unlike chemotherapy or radiation therapy, immunotherapy has few side effects and a higher tumor cell removal efficacy depend on cellular immunological mechanisms. Moreover, recent studies suggest that tissue immune responses are regulated by their microbiome composition. Each tissue has their specific microenvironment, which makes their microbiome composition different, particularly in the context of different types of cancer, such as breast, colorectal, kidney, lung, and skin. Herein, we review the current understanding of the relationship of immune responses and tissue microbiome in cancer in both animal and human studies. Moreover, we discuss the cancermicrobiome-immune axis in the context of cancer development and treatment. Finally, we speculate on strategies to control tissue microbiome alterations that may synergistically affect the immune system and impact cancer treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Min Son
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-31-670-4792 E-mail:
| | - Jihwan Kim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
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13
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Inamura K, Hamada T, Bullman S, Ugai T, Yachida S, Ogino S. Cancer as microenvironmental, systemic and environmental diseases: opportunity for transdisciplinary microbiomics science. Gut 2022; 71:gutjnl-2022-327209. [PMID: 35820782 PMCID: PMC9834441 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is generally regarded as a localised disease, with the well-established role of the tumour microenvironment. However, the realm of cancer goes beyond the tumour microenvironment, and cancer should also be regarded as a systemic and environmental disease. The exposome (ie, the totality of exposures), which encompasses diets, supplements, smoking, alcohol, other lifestyle factors, medications, etc, likely alters the microbiome (inclusive of bacteria, viruses, archaea, fungi, parasites, etc) and immune system in various body sites and influences tumour phenotypes. The systemic metabolic/inflammatory status, which is likely influenced by exposures and intestinal physiological changes, may affect tissue microenvironment of colorectum and any other organs. Germline genomic factors can modify disease phenotypes via gene-by-environment interactions. Although challenges exist, it is crucial to advance not only basic experimental research that can analyse the effects of exposures, microorganisms and microenvironmental components on tumour evolution but also interdisciplinary human population research that can dissect the complex pathogenic roles of the exposome, microbiome and immunome. Metagenomic, metatranscriptomic and metabolomic analyses should be integrated into well-designed population research combined with advanced methodologies of artificial intelligence and molecular pathological epidemiology. Ideally, a prospective cohort study design that enables biospecimen (such as stool) collection before disease detection should be considered to address reverse causation and recall biases. Robust experimental and observational research together can provide insights into dynamic interactions between environmental exposures, microbiota, tumour and immunity during carcinogenesis processes, thereby helping us develop precision prevention and therapeutic strategies to ultimately reduce the cancer burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Inamura
- Division of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Medicine, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susan Bullman
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Tomotaka Ugai
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shinichi Yachida
- Department of Cancer Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Genomic Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Cancer Immunology and Cancer Epidemiology Programs, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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14
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Fusobacterium Nucleatum Is a Risk Factor for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Curr Med Sci 2022; 42:538-547. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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15
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Villar-Ortega P, Expósito-Ruiz M, Gutiérrez-Soto M, Ruiz-Cabello Jiménez M, Navarro-Marí JM, Gutiérrez-Fernández J. The association between Fusobacterium nucleatum and cancer colorectal: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA (ENGLISH ED.) 2022; 40:224-234. [PMID: 35256335 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The etiological factors of colorectal cancer (CRC) are not precisely known, although genetic and environmental factors have been implicated. A possible association with Fusobacterium nucleatum may provide opportunities for an early diagnosis. OBJECTIVE To review studies that address the association between F. nucleatum and CRC. METHODS The MEDLINE PubMed database was searched using the terms «colorectal cancer» and "Fusobacterium nucleatum", retrieving publications published up to January 1 2020. Stata software was used for a meta-analysis. RESULTS The systematic review included 57 articles. Meta-analysis results indicated a more frequent presence of F. nucleatum in CRC tumour tissue samples in comparison to control samples of healthy tissue, with an odds ratio of 4.558 (95% CI: 3.312-6.272), and in comparison, to control samples of colorectal adenomas, with an odds ratio of 3.244 (95 % CI: 2.359-4.462). CONCLUSION There is a more frequent resence of F. nucleatum in the CRC. However, further studies are needed to verify this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Villar-Ortega
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuela Expósito-Ruiz
- Departamento de Bioestadística de FIBAO, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Ruiz-Cabello Jiménez
- UGC de Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José María Navarro-Marí
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Gutiérrez-Fernández
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, Spain; Laboratorio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, Spain.
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16
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Wang Y, Li H. Gut microbiota modulation: a tool for the management of colorectal cancer. J Transl Med 2022; 20:178. [PMID: 35449107 PMCID: PMC9022293 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second cause of cancer death and the third most frequently diagnosed cancer. Besides the lifestyle, genetic and epigenetic alterations, and environmental factors, gut microbiota also plays a vital role in CRC development. The interruption of the commensal relationship between gut microbiota and the host could lead to an imbalance in the bacteria population, in which the pathogenic bacteria become the predominant population in the gut. Different therapeutic strategies have been developed to modify the gut immune system, prevent pathogen colonization, and alter the activity and composition of gut microbiota, such as prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Even though the employed strategies exhibit promising results, their translation into the clinic requires evaluating potential implications and risks, as well as assessment of their long-term effects. This study was set to review the gut microbiota imbalances and their relationship with CRC and their effects on CRC therapy, including chemotherapy and immunotherapy. More importantly, we reviewed the strategies that have been used to modulate gut microbiota, their impact on the treatment of CRC, and the challenges of each strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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17
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Plundrich D, Chikhladze S, Fichtner-Feigl S, Feuerstein R, Briquez PS. Molecular Mechanisms of Tumor Immunomodulation in the Microenvironment of Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2782. [PMID: 35269922 PMCID: PMC8910988 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer remains one of the most important health challenges in our society. The development of cancer immunotherapies has fostered the need to better understand the anti-tumor immune mechanisms at play in the tumor microenvironment and the strategies by which the tumor escapes them. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular interactions that regulate tumor inflammation. We particularly discuss immunomodulatory cell-cell interactions, cell-soluble factor interactions, cell-extracellular matrix interactions and cell-microbiome interactions. While doing so, we highlight relevant examples of tumor immunomodulation in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Plundrich
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sophia Chikhladze
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 900048, USA
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 900048, USA
| | - Stefan Fichtner-Feigl
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Reinhild Feuerstein
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Priscilla S Briquez
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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18
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Li R, Shen J, Xu Y. Fusobacterium nucleatum and Colorectal Cancer. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:1115-1120. [PMID: 35321079 PMCID: PMC8937307 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s357922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jilu Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yuanhong Xu, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13505694447, Email
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19
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Kang X, Zhang R, Kwong TN, Lui RN, Wu WK, Sung JJ, Yu J, Wong SH. Serrated neoplasia in the colorectum: gut microbiota and molecular pathways. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1-12. [PMID: 33382354 PMCID: PMC7781617 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1863135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease with different gene expression patterns. There are two major colorectal carcinogenesis pathways: conventional adenoma-carcinoma pathway and alternative serrated neoplasia pathway. Apart from the conventional pathway that is typically initiated by characteristic APC mutation and chromosomal instability, the serrated neoplasia pathway is mainly characterized by mutations of BRAF or KRAS, microsatellite instability (MSI), and CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP). Despite the malignant potential of serrated lesions, they can be easily overlooked during endoscopy screening and even in pathological assessment due to its anatomical location, morphology, and histological features. It has been shown that environmental factors especially the gut microbial composition play a key role in CRC pathogenesis. Thus, the preferential localization of serrated lesions in specific intestine areas suggest that niche-specific microbiota composition might intertwined with host genetic perturbations during the development of serrated lesions. Although serrated lesions and conventional adenomas are biologically different, most studies have focused on conventional adenomas, while the pathophysiology and role of microorganisms in the development of serrated lesions remain elusive. In this review, we discuss on the role of gut microbiota in the serrated neoplasia pathway of colorectal carcinogenesis and its specific clinical and molecular features, and summarize the potential mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Kang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Thomas Ny Kwong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rashid Ns Lui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - William Kk Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Joseph Jy Sung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China,Jun Yu Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, 9/F Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences Building, Prince of Wales Hospital, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Sunny H Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China,CONTACT Sunny H Wong
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Accuracy and Clinical Relevance of Intra-Tumoral Fusobacterium nucleatum Detection in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) Tissue by Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR) in Colorectal Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12010114. [PMID: 35054281 PMCID: PMC8775036 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to identify and quantify low-abundance targets is a significant advantage for accurately detecting potentially oncogenic bacteria. Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) is implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis and is becoming an important prognostic biomarker. We evaluated the detection accuracy and clinical relevance of Fn DNA by ddPCR in a molecularly characterized, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) CRC cohort previously analyzed by qPCR for Fn levels. Following a ddPCR assay optimization and an analytical evaluation, Fn DNA were measured in 139 CRC FFPE cases. The measures of accuracy for Fn status compared to the prior results generated by qPCR and the association with clinicopathological and molecular patients’ features were also evaluated. The ddPCR-based Fn assay was sensitive and specific to positive controls. Fn DNA were detected in 20.1% of cases and further classified as Fn-high and Fn-low/negative, according to the median amount of Fn DNA that were detected in all cases and associated with the patient’s worst prognosis. There was a low agreement between the Fn status determined by ddPCR and qPCR (Cohen’s Kappa = 0.210). Our findings show that ddPCR can detect and quantify Fn in FFPE tumor tissues and highlights its clinical relevance in Fn detection in a routine CRC setting.
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21
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Xie Y, Jiao X, Zeng M, Fan Z, Li X, Yuan Y, Zhang Q, Xia Y. Clinical Significance of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Microsatellite Instability in Evaluating Colorectal Cancer Prognosis. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:3021-3036. [PMID: 36262751 PMCID: PMC9576466 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s382464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both genetic and microbial factors play important roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. The effects of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) and microsatellite instability (MSI) on CRC prognosis require more clinical evidence. We aimed to investigate the role of F. nucleatum and MSI as biomarkers in predicting the prognosis of CRC. METHODS CRC patients in various TNM stages were enrolled. MSI status and F. nucleatum were detected by immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens. The associations between MSI status and F. nucleatum and clinical parameters were analyzed. RESULTS MSI tumors were more frequently observed in the colon than in the rectum. Cancerous tissues had higher levels of F. nucleatum than adjacent noncancerous tissues. There were no significant differences in F. nucleatum abundance in different age, sex, tumor stage, location, and tumor marker groups. MSI status was associated with tumor location and stage. Survival analyses revealed that disease-free survival (DFS) was significantly longer in the F. nucleatum-negative, younger age, and TNM stage I-II groups (p< 0.05), and age, advanced TNM stage (III and IV), and F. nucleatum status were independent factors for poor prognosis. Multivariate Cox regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses showed that conventional tumor biomarkers of CRC had more prognostic value than F. nucleatum and MSI. CONCLUSION Age, advanced TNM stage, and F. nucleatum positivity were independent factors of poor prognosis, suggesting that F. nucleatum and MSI may contribute to the identification of new strategies for the prevention and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxuan Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyang Jiao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mi Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiaoxin Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Qiaoxin Zhang; Yong Xia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China, Tel: +86138 2968 2808; +86137 1590 8963, Email ;
| | - Yong Xia
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Gutierrez A, Demond H, Brebi P, Ili CG. Novel Methylation Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Prognosis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1722. [PMID: 34827720 PMCID: PMC8615818 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) comprises the third most common cancer worldwide and the second regarding number of deaths. In order to make a correct and early diagnosis to predict metastasis formation, biomarkers are an important tool. Although there are multiple signaling pathways associated with cancer progression, the most recognized are the MAPK pathway, p53 pathway, and TGF-β pathway. These pathways regulate many important functions in the cell, such as cell cycle regulation, proliferation, differentiation, and metastasis formation, among others. Changes in expression in genes belonging to these pathways are drivers of carcinogenesis. Often these expression changes are caused by mutations; however, epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, are increasingly acknowledged to play a role in the deregulation of oncogenic genes. This makes DNA methylation changes an interesting biomarkers in cancer. Among the newly identified biomarkers for CRC metastasis INHBB, SMOC2, BDNF, and TBRG4 are included, all of which are highly deregulated by methylation and closely associated with metastasis. The identification of such biomarkers in metastasis of CRC may allow a better treatment and early identification of cancer formation in order to perform better diagnostics and improve the life expectancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Priscilla Brebi
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Laboratory of Integrative Biology (LIBi), Centro de Excelencia en Medicina Traslacional (CEMT), Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4810296, Chile; (A.G.); (H.D.)
| | - Carmen Gloria Ili
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Laboratory of Integrative Biology (LIBi), Centro de Excelencia en Medicina Traslacional (CEMT), Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4810296, Chile; (A.G.); (H.D.)
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23
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Lee JB, Kim KA, Cho HY, Kim D, Kim WK, Yong D, Lee H, Yoon SS, Han DH, Han YD, Paik S, Jang M, Kim HS, Ahn JB. Association between Fusobacterium nucleatum and patient prognosis in metastatic colon cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20263. [PMID: 34642332 PMCID: PMC8511250 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98941-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) is associated with the development and progression of colorectal cancer. We aimed to delineate the clinical implications of Fn in metastatic colon cancer. We performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using DNA samples from synchronous metastatic colon cancer patients with either formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) archival primary site tumor samples or fresh colon tissues. Progression-free survival (PFS)1 and PFS2 were defined as PFS of first- and second-line palliative settings. qPCR for Fn was successfully performed using 112 samples (FFPE, n = 61; fresh tissue, n = 51). Forty-one and 68 patients had right-sided and left-sided colon cancer, respectively. Patients with Fn enriched right-sided colon cancers had shorter PFS1 (9.7 vs. 11.2 months) than the other subgroups (HR 3.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–11.99; P = 0.04). Fn positive right-sided colon was also associated with shorter PFS2 (3.7 vs. 6.7 months; HR 2.34, 95% CI 0.69–7.91; P = 0.04). In the univariate analysis, PFS1 was affected by differentiation and Fn positive right-sided colon cancer. The multivariate analysis showed that differentiation (HR 2.68, 95% CI 1.40–5.14, P = 0.01) and Fn positive right-sided colon (HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.18–0.88, P = 0.02) were associated with PFS1. Fn enrichment in right sided colon was not associated with overall survival (OS). Fn enrichment has significantly worse prognosis in terms of PFS1 and PFS2 in patients with right-sided metastatic colon cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jii Bum Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Kyung-A Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Ho Yeon Cho
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - DooA Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Kyu Kim
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangnung, Korea
| | - Dongeun Yong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyukmin Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Sun Yoon
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dai Hoon Han
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Dae Han
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soonmyung Paik
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Jang
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,Department of Pathology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, 10444, Korea.
| | - Han Sang Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea. .,Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Joong Bae Ahn
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
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24
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Lamprinaki D, Garcia-Vello P, Marchetti R, Hellmich C, McCord KA, Bowles KM, Macauley MS, Silipo A, De Castro C, Crocker PR, Juge N. Siglec-7 Mediates Immunomodulation by Colorectal Cancer-Associated Fusobacterium nucleatum ssp. animalis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:744184. [PMID: 34659241 PMCID: PMC8517482 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.744184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum is involved in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) through innate immune cell modulation. However, the receptors of the interaction between F. nucleatum ssp. and immune cells remain largely undetermined. Here, we showed that F. nucleatum ssp. animalis interacts with Siglecs (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins) expressed on innate immune cells with highest binding to Siglec-7. Binding to Siglec-7 was also observed using F. nucleatum-derived outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). F. nucleatum and its derived OMVs or LPS induced a pro-inflammatory profile in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) and a tumour associated profile in human monocyte-derived macrophages (moMϕs). Siglec-7 silencing in moDCs or CRISPR-cas9 Siglec-7-depletion of U-937 macrophage cells altered F. nucleatum induced cytokine but not marker expression. The molecular interaction between Siglec-7 and the LPS O-antigen purified from F. nucleatum ssp. animalis was further characterised by saturation transfer difference (STD) NMR spectroscopy, revealing novel ligands for Siglec-7. Together, these data support a new role for Siglec-7 in mediating immune modulation by F. nucleatum strains and their OMVs through recognition of LPS on the bacterial cell surface. This opens a new dimension in our understanding of how F. nucleatum promotes CRC progression through the generation of a pro-inflammatory environment and provides a molecular lead for the development of novel cancer therapeutic approaches targeting F. nucleatum-Siglec-7 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Lamprinaki
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Pilar Garcia-Vello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Marchetti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Charlotte Hellmich
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Kelli A. McCord
- Departments of Chemistry, and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kristian M. Bowles
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, United Kingdom
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew S. Macauley
- Departments of Chemistry, and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina De Castro
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Paul R. Crocker
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Nathalie Juge
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
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25
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Wang S, Liu Y, Li J, Zhao L, Yan W, Lin B, Guo X, Wei Y. Fusobacterium nucleatum Acts as a Pro-carcinogenic Bacterium in Colorectal Cancer: From Association to Causality. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:710165. [PMID: 34490259 PMCID: PMC8417943 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.710165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer worldwide with complex etiology. Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), an oral symbiotic bacterium, has been linked with CRC in the past decade. A series of gut microbiota studies show that CRC patients carry a high abundance of F. nucleatum in the tumor tissue and fecal, and etiological studies have clarified the role of F. nucleatum as a pro-carcinogenic bacterium in various stages of CRC. In this review, we summarize the biological characteristics of F. nucleatum and the epidemiological associations between F. nucleatum and CRC, and then highlight the mechanisms by which F. nucleatum participates in CRC progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance by affecting cancer cells or regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME). We also discuss the research gap in this field and give our perspective for future studies. These findings will pave the way for manipulating gut F. nucleatum to deal with CRC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Baiqiang Lin
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yunwei Wei
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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26
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Hatta MNA, Mohamad Hanif EA, Chin SF, Neoh HM. Pathogens and Carcinogenesis: A Review. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:533. [PMID: 34203649 PMCID: PMC8232153 DOI: 10.3390/biology10060533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a global health problem associated with genetics and unhealthy lifestyles. Increasingly, pathogenic infections have also been identified as contributors to human cancer initiation and progression. Most pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites) associated with human cancers are categorized as Group I human carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC. These pathogens cause carcinogenesis via three known mechanisms: persistent infection that cause inflammation and DNA damage, initiation of oncogene expression, and immunosuppression activity of the host. In this review, we discuss the carcinogenesis mechanism of ten pathogens, their implications, and some future considerations for better management of the disease. The pathogens and cancers described are Helicobacter pylori (gastric cancer), Epstein-Barr virus (gastric cancer and lymphoma), Hepatitis B and C viruses (liver cancer), Aspergillus spp. (liver cancer), Opisthorchis viverrine (bile duct cancer), Clonorchis sinensis (bile duct cancer), Fusobacterium nucleatum (colorectal cancer), Schistosoma haematobium (bladder cancer); Human Papillomavirus (cervical cancer), and Kaposi's Sarcoma Herpes Virus (Kaposi's sarcoma).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hui-min Neoh
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Ya’acob Latiff, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.N.A.H.); (E.A.M.H.); (S.-F.C.)
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27
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Shariati A, Razavi S, Ghaznavi-Rad E, Jahanbin B, Akbari A, Norzaee S, Darban-Sarokhalil D. Association between colorectal cancer and Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis bacteria in Iranian patients: a preliminary study. Infect Agent Cancer 2021; 16:41. [PMID: 34108031 PMCID: PMC8191199 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-021-00381-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Recent studies have proposed that commensal bacteria might be involved in the development and progression of gastrointestinal disorders such as colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, in this study, the relative abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides fragilis, Streptococcus bovis/gallolyticus, and Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) in CRC tissues, and their association with clinicopathologic characteristics of CRC was investigated in Iranian patients. Moreover, the role of these bacteria in the CRC-associated mutations including PIK3CA, KRAS, and BRAF was studied. Method To these ends, the noted bacteria were quantified in paired tumors and normal tissue specimens of 30 CRC patients, by TaqMan quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). Next, possible correlations between clinicopathologic factors and mutations in PIK3CA, KRAS, and BRAF genes were analyzed. Results In studied samples, B. fragilis was the most abundant bacteria that was detected in 66 and 60% of paired tumor and normal samples, respectively. Furthermore, 15% of the B. fragilis-positive patients were infected with Enterotoxigenic B. fragilis (ETBF) in both adenocarcinoma and matched adjacent normal samples. F. nucleatum was also identified in 23% of tumors and 13% of adjacent normal tissue samples. Moreover, the relative abundance of these bacteria determined by 2-ΔCT was significantly higher in CRC samples than in adjacent normal mucosa (p < 0.05). On the other hand, our findings indicated that S. gallolyticus and EPEC, compared to adjacent normal mucosa, were not prevalent in CRC tissues. Finally, our results revealed a correlation between F. nucleatum-positive patients and the KRAS mutation (p = 0.02), while analyses did not show any association between bacteria and mutation in PIK3CA and BRAF genes. Conclusion The present study is the first report on the analysis of different bacteria in CRC tissue samples of Iranian patients. Our findings revealed that F. nucleatum and B. fragilis might be linked to CRC. However, any link between gut microbiome dysbiosis and CRC remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Razavi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Behnaz Jahanbin
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Akbari
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Norzaee
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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28
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Liu Q, Li J, Xu L, Wang J, Zeng Z, Fu J, Huang X, Chu Y, Wang J, Zhang HY, Zeng F. Individualized Prediction of Colorectal Cancer Metastasis Using a Radiogenomics Approach. Front Oncol 2021; 11:620945. [PMID: 33996544 PMCID: PMC8113949 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.620945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate whether incorporating the radiomics, genomics, and clinical features allows prediction of metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC) and to develop a preoperative nomogram for predicting metastasis. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed radiomics features of computed tomography (CT) images in 134 patients (62 in the primary cohort, 28 in the validation cohort, and 44 in the independent-test cohort) clinicopathologically diagnosed with CRC at Dazhou Central Hospital from February 2018 to October 2019. Tumor tissues were collected from all patients for RNA sequencing, and clinical data were obtained from medical records. A total of 854 radiomics features were extracted from enhanced venous-phase CT of CRC. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis was utilized for data dimension reduction, feature screen, and radiomics signature development. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to build a multiscale predicting model incorporating the radiomics, genomics, and clinical features. The receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve were conducted to evaluate the performance of the nomogram. Results: The radiomics signature based on 16 selected radiomics features showed good performance in metastasis assessment in both primary [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.945, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.892–0.998] and validation cohorts (AUC = 0.754, 95% CI 0.570–0.938). The multiscale nomogram model contained radiomics features signatures, four-gene expression related to cell cycle pathway, and CA 19-9 level. The multiscale model showed good discrimination performance in the primary cohort (AUC = 0.981, 95% CI 0.953–1.000), the validation cohort (AUC = 0.822, 95% CI 0.635–1.000), and the independent-test cohort (AUC = 0.752, 95% CI 0.608–0.896) and good calibration. Decision curve analysis confirmed the clinical application value of the multiscale model. Conclusion: This study presented a multiscale model that incorporated the radiological eigenvalues, genomics features, and CA 19-9, which could be conveniently utilized to facilitate the individualized preoperatively assessing metastasis in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Radiology, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, China
| | - Jiasi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, China
| | - Zhaoping Zeng
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, China
| | - Jiangping Fu
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanpeng Chu
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Yu Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fanxin Zeng
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, China.,School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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29
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Bakhti SZ, Latifi-Navid S. Oral microbiota and Helicobacter pylori in gastric carcinogenesis: what do we know and where next? BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:71. [PMID: 33663382 PMCID: PMC7934379 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02130-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies causing death worldwide, and Helicobacter pylori is a powerful inducer of precancerous lesions and GC. The oral microbiota is a complex ecosystem and is responsible for maintaining homeostasis, modulating the immune system, and resisting pathogens. It has been proposed that the gastric microbiota of oral origin is involved in the development and progression of GC. Nevertheless, the causal relationship between oral microbiota and GC and the role of H. pylori in this relationship is still controversial. This study was set to review the investigations done on oral microbiota and analyze various lines of evidence regarding the role of oral microbiota in GC, to date. Also, we discussed the interaction and relationship between H. pylori and oral microbiota in GC and the current understanding with regard to the underlying mechanisms of oral microbiota in carcinogenesis. More importantly, detecting the patterns of interaction between the oral cavity microbiota and H. pylori may render new clues for the diagnosis or screening of cancer. Integration of oral microbiota and H. pylori might manifest a potential method for the assessment of GC risk. Hence it needs to be specified the patterns of bacterial transmission from the oral cavity to the stomach and their interaction. Further evidence on the mechanisms underlying the oral microbiota communities and how they trigger GC may contribute to the identification of new prevention methods for GC. We may then modulate the oral microbiota by intervening with oral-gastric bacterial transmission or controlling certain bacteria in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Zahra Bakhti
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 56199-11367, Iran
| | - Saeid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 56199-11367, Iran.
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30
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Jain T, Sharma P, Are AC, Vickers SM, Dudeja V. New Insights Into the Cancer-Microbiome-Immune Axis: Decrypting a Decade of Discoveries. Front Immunol 2021; 12:622064. [PMID: 33708214 PMCID: PMC7940198 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.622064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed groundbreaking advances in the field of microbiome research. An area where immense implications of the microbiome have been demonstrated is tumor biology. The microbiome affects tumor initiation and progression through direct effects on the tumor cells and indirectly through manipulation of the immune system. It can also determine response to cancer therapies and predict disease progression and survival. Modulation of the microbiome can be harnessed to potentiate the efficacy of immunotherapies and decrease their toxicity. In this review, we comprehensively dissect recent evidence regarding the interaction of the microbiome and anti-tumor immune machinery and outline the critical questions which need to be addressed as we further explore this dynamic colloquy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Selwyn M. Vickers
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Vikas Dudeja
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Villar-Ortega P, Expósito-Ruiz M, Gutiérrez-Soto M, Ruiz-Cabello Jiménez M, Navarro-Marí JM, Gutiérrez-Fernández J. The association between Fusobacterium nucleatum and cancer colorectal: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2021; 40:S0213-005X(21)00026-4. [PMID: 33632539 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The etiological factors of colorectal cancer (CRC) are not precisely known, although genetic and environmental factors have been implicated. A possible association with Fusobacterium nucleatum may provide opportunities for an early diagnosis. OBJECTIVE To review studies that address the association between F. nucleatum and CRC. METHODS The MEDLINE PubMed database was searched using the terms «colorectal cancer» and «Fusobacterium nucleatum», retrieving publications published up to January 1 2020. Stata software was used for a meta-analysis. RESULTS The systematic review included 57 articles. Meta-analysis results indicated a more frequent presence of F. nucleatum in CRC tumor tissue samples in comparison to control samples of healthy tissue, with an odds ratio of 4.558 (95% CI: 3.312-6.272), and in comparison, to control samples of colorectal adenomas, with an odds ratio of 3.244 (95% CI: 2.359-4.462). CONCLUSION There is a more frequent presence of F. nucleatum in the CRC. However, further studies are needed to verify this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Villar-Ortega
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, España
| | - Manuela Expósito-Ruiz
- Departamento de Bioestadística de FIBAO. Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, España
| | | | - Miguel Ruiz-Cabello Jiménez
- UGC de Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, España
| | - José María Navarro-Marí
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, España
| | - José Gutiérrez-Fernández
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, España; Laboratorio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, España.
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Feng X, Han L, Ma S, Zhao L, Wang L, Zhang K, Yin P, Guo L, Jing W, Li Q. Microbes in Tumoral In Situ Tissues and in Tumorigenesis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:572570. [PMID: 33330121 PMCID: PMC7732458 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.572570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancerous tumors are severe diseases affecting human health that have a complicated etiology and pathogenesis. Microbes have been considered to be related to the development and progression of numerous tumors through various pathogenic mechanisms in recent studies. Bacteria, which have so far remained the most studied microbes worldwide, have four major possible special pathogenic mechanisms (modulation of inflammation, immunity, DNA damage, and metabolism) that are related to carcinogenesis. This review aims to macroscopically summarize and verify the relationships between microbes and tumoral in situ tissues from cancers of four major different systems (urinary, respiratory, digestive, and reproductive); the abovementioned four microbial pathogenic mechanisms, as well as some synergistic pathogenic mechanisms, are also discussed. Once the etiologic role of microbes and their precise pathogenic mechanisms in carcinogenesis are known, the early prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancers would progress significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sijia Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lanbo Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kailu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Panyue Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Jing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiling Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Wang R, Chen M, Ye X, Poon K. Role and potential clinical utility of ARID1A in gastrointestinal malignancy. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2020; 787:108360. [PMID: 34083049 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2020.108360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ARID1A (AT-rich interactive domain 1A) is a newly discovered tumor suppressor gene, and its encoded product is an important component of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. ARID1A plays an important role in cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and the regulation of other of biological behaviors. Recently, ARID1A mutations have been increasingly reported in esophageal adenocarcinoma, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and other malignant tumors of the digestive system. This article reviews the relationship between ARID1A mutation and the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis, including microsatellite instability and the PI3K/ATK signaling pathway, and relates these mechanisms to the prognostic assessment of digestive malignancy. Further, this review describes the potential for molecular pathologic epidemiology (MPE) to provide new insights into environment-tumor-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Mei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Xiaojun Ye
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Division of Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, 519085, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Karen Poon
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Division of Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, 519085, Guangdong Province, China.
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Lee JA, Yoo SY, Oh HJ, Jeong S, Cho NY, Kang GH, Kim JH. Differential immune microenvironmental features of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancers according to Fusobacterium nucleatum status. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 70:47-59. [PMID: 32623478 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02657-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) may differentially impact tumor immune responses according to microsatellite instability (MSI) status in colorectal cancers (CRCs). We aimed to reveal the detailed relationship between intratumoral Fn and immune microenvironmental features in MSI-high CRCs. A total of 126 MSI-high CRCs were subjected to analyses for intratumoral Fn DNA load using quantitative PCR and for densities of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, including CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, FoxP3+ T cells, CD68+ macrophages, CD163+ macrophages, and CD177+ neutrophils, at invasive margin (IM) and center of tumor (CT) areas using computational image analysis of immunohistochemistry. Based on the Fn load, the 126 MSI-high CRCs were classified into Fn-high, -low, and -negative subgroups. The Fn-high subset of MSI-high CRCs was significantly correlated with larger tumor size and advanced invasion depth (p = 0.017 and p = 0.034, respectively). Compared with the Fn-low/negative subgroup, Fn-high tumors demonstrated significantly lower density of FoxP3+ cells in both IM and CT areas (p = 0.002 and p = 0.003, respectively). Additionally, Fn-high was significantly associated with elevated CD163+ cell to CD68+ cell ratio in only CT areas of MSI-high CRCs (p = 0.028). In conclusion, the Fn-enriched subset of MSI-high CRCs is characterized by increased tumor growth and invasion and distinct immune microenvironmental features, including decreased FoxP3+ T cells throughout the tumor and increased proportion of M2-polarized macrophages in the tumor center. These findings collectively support that Fn may be linked to pro-tumoral immune responses in MSI-high CRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ae Lee
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory of Epigenetics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yeon Yoo
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory of Epigenetics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jeong Oh
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory of Epigenetics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seorin Jeong
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Yun Cho
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Hoon Kang
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory of Epigenetics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea. .,Laboratory of Epigenetics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Oxidative Damage in Sporadic Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Mapping of Base Excision Repair Glycosylases in Colorectal Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072473. [PMID: 32252452 PMCID: PMC7177219 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress with subsequent premutagenic oxidative DNA damage has been implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis. The repair of oxidative DNA damage is initiated by lesion-specific DNA glycosylases (hOGG1, NTH1, MUTYH). The direct evidence of the role of oxidative DNA damage and its repair is proven by hereditary syndromes (MUTYH-associated polyposis, NTHL1-associated tumor syndrome), where germline mutations cause loss-of-function in glycosylases of base excision repair, thus enabling the accumulation of oxidative DNA damage and leading to the adenoma-colorectal cancer transition. Unrepaired oxidative DNA damage often results in G:C>T:A mutations in tumor suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes and widespread occurrence of chromosomal copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity. However, the situation is more complicated in complex and heterogeneous disease, such as sporadic colorectal cancer. Here we summarized our current knowledge of the role of oxidative DNA damage and its repair on the onset, prognosis and treatment of sporadic colorectal cancer. Molecular and histological tumor heterogeneity was considered. Our study has also suggested an additional important source of oxidative DNA damage due to intestinal dysbiosis. The roles of base excision repair glycosylases (hOGG1, MUTYH) in tumor and adjacent mucosa tissues of colorectal cancer patients, particularly in the interplay with other factors (especially microenvironment), deserve further attention. Base excision repair characteristics determined in colorectal cancer tissues reflect, rather, a disease prognosis. Finally, we discuss the role of DNA repair in the treatment of colon cancer, since acquired or inherited defects in DNA repair pathways can be effectively used in therapy.
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Wang ST, Cui WQ, Pan D, Jiang M, Chang B, Sang LX. Tea polyphenols and their chemopreventive and therapeutic effects on colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:562-597. [PMID: 32103869 PMCID: PMC7029350 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i6.562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), a multifactorial disease, is usually induced and developed through complex mechanisms, including impact of diet and lifestyle, genomic abnormalities, change of signaling pathways, inflammatory response, oxidation stress, dysbiosis, and so on. As natural polyphenolic phytochemicals that exist primarily in tea, tea polyphenols (TPs) have been shown to have many clinical applications, especially as anticancer agents. Most animal studies and epidemiological studies have demonstrated that TPs can prevent and treat CRC. TPs can inhibit the growth and metastasis of CRC by exerting the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative or pro-oxidative, and pro-apoptotic effects, which are achieved by modulations at multiple levels. Many experiments have demonstrated that TPs can modulate several signaling pathways in cancer cells, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt pathway, Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and 67 kDa laminin receptor pathway, to inhibit proliferation and promote cell apoptosis. In addition, novel studies have also suggested that TPs can prevent the growth and metastasis of CRC by modulating the composition of gut microbiota to improve immune system and decrease inflammatory responses. Molecular pathological epidemiology, a novel multidisciplinary investigation, has made great progress on CRC, and the further molecular pathological epidemiology research should be developed in the field of TPs and CRC. This review summarizes the existing in vitro and in vivo animal and human studies and potential mechanisms to examine the effects of tea polyphenols on CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Tong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wen-Qi Cui
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dan Pan
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bing Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Li-Xuan Sang
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
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37
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Alhinai EA, Walton GE, Commane DM. The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer Causation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215295. [PMID: 31653078 PMCID: PMC6862640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we reviewed emerging evidence on the role of the microbial community in colorectal carcinogenesis. A healthy gut microbiota promotes intestinal homeostasis and can exert anti-cancer effects; however, this microbiota also produces a variety of metabolites that are genotoxic and which can negatively influence epithelial cell behaviour. Disturbances in the normal microbial balance, known as dysbiosis, are frequently observed in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Microbial species linked to CRC include certain strains of Bacteroides fragilis, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus gallolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, amongst others. Whether these microbes are merely passive dwellers exploiting the tumour environment, or rather, active protagonists in the carcinogenic process is the subject of much research. The incidence of chemically-induced tumours in mice models varies, depending upon the presence or absence of these microorganisms, thus strongly suggesting influences on disease causation. Putative mechanistic explanations differentially link these strains to DNA damage, inflammation, aberrant cell behaviour and immune suppression. In the future, modulating the composition and metabolic activity of this microbial community may have a role in prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiman A Alhinai
- Dietetics Department, Al Nahdha Hospital, Ministry of Health, Muscat, PO Box 937, Ruwi, Muscat PC 112, Oman.
| | - Gemma E Walton
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UA, UK.
| | - Daniel M Commane
- Department of Applied and Health Sciences, University of Northumbria, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.
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Targeting Programmed Fusobacterium nucleatum Fap2 for Colorectal Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101592. [PMID: 31635333 PMCID: PMC6827134 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal patients generally have the maximum counts of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) in tumors and elevate colorectal adenomas and carcinomas, which show the lowest rate of human survival. Hence, F. nucleatum is a diagnostic marker of colorectal cancer (CRC). Studies demonstrated that targeting fusobacterial Fap2 or polysaccharide of the host epithelium may decrease fusobacteria count in the CRC. Attenuated F. nucleatum-Fap2 prevents transmembrane signals and inhibits tumorigenesis inducing mechanisms. Hence, in this review, we hypothesized that application of genetically programmed fusobacterium can be skillful and thus reduce fusobacterium in the CRC. Genetically programmed F. nucleatum is a promising antitumor strategy.
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Borroni EM, Qehajaj D, Farina FM, Yiu D, Bresalier RS, Chiriva-Internati M, Mirandola L, Štifter S, Laghi L, Grizzi F. Fusobacterium nucleatum and the Immune System in Colorectal Cancer. CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11888-019-00442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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40
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Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal diseases. In pancreatic cancer development and progression, genetic (gene mutations and activation of oncogenes) and environmental factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity) play an essential role. Recently, molecular studies revealed that dysbiosis of microbiota also has influence on cancer development. Research indicates that bacteria and viruses can lead to chronic inflammation, antiapoptotic changes, cell survival, and cell invasion. This review presents bacteria and viruses oncogenic for the pancreas. Possible mechanisms of carcinogenic action are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz M Karpiński
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, Poznań 61-712, Poland.
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41
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Oral Bacteria and Intestinal Dysbiosis in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174146. [PMID: 31450675 PMCID: PMC6747549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human organism coexists with its microbiota in a symbiotic relationship. These polymicrobial communities are involved in many crucial functions, such as immunity, protection against pathogens, and metabolism of dietary compounds, thus maintaining homeostasis. The oral cavity and the colon, although distant anatomic regions, are both highly colonized by distinct microbiotas. However, studies indicate that oral bacteria are able to disseminate into the colon. This is mostly evident in conditions such as periodontitis, where specific bacteria, namely Fusobacterium nucrelatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis project a pathogenic profile. In the colon these bacteria can alter the composition of the residual microbiota, in the context of complex biofilms, resulting in intestinal dysbiosis. This orally-driven disruption promotes aberrant immune and inflammatory responses, eventually leading to colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis. Understanding the exact mechanisms of these interactions will yield future opportunities regarding prevention and treatment of CRC.
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42
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Wu J, Li K, Peng W, Li H, Li Q, Wang X, Peng Y, Tang X, Fu X. Autoinducer-2 of Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes macrophage M1 polarization via TNFSF9/IL-1β signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105724. [PMID: 31272064 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The effect of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) autoinducer-2 (AI-2) on the polarization of macrophages and the underlying mechanism is not known. We investigated the effect of F. nucleatum AI-2 on the migration and polarization of cultured macrophages. We further screened AI-2-interacting proteins in macrophages using a quantitative proteomics strategy, and evaluated the expression of TNFSF9/TRAF1/p-AKT/IL-1β signaling in cultured macrophages and human colorectal cancer (CRC). The data showed that F. nucleatum AI-2 enhanced the mobility and M1 polarization of macrophages, possibly through TNFSF9/TRAF1/p-AKT/IL-1β signaling. Moreover, TNFSF9 and IL-1β expression was significantly increased in human CRCs when compared to normal colon (P < 0.05), and was associated with AI-2 concentration and increased survival. Together, our data suggested that AI-2 induced macrophage M1 polarization by activating the TNFSF9/IL-1β pathway. Thus, AI-2 may serve as a promising novel target for immunotherapy of gut microbiota-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Kang Li
- High Altitude Medical Research Institute, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xianfei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xiaowei Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xiangsheng Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637000, China.
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Yamamoto H, Imai K. An updated review of microsatellite instability in the era of next-generation sequencing and precision medicine. Semin Oncol 2019; 46:261-270. [DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Shuwen H, Xi Y, Quan Q, Yuefen P, Miao D, Qing Z. Relationship between intestinal microorganisms and T lymphocytes in colorectal cancer. Future Oncol 2019; 15:1655-1666. [PMID: 31044617 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2018-0595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common type of malignant cancer worldwide. Recent studies have identified the gut microbiota as the origin of CRC, and T lymphocyte-mediated immune functions have been shown to play an important role in this disease. By summarizing previous literature, we found that Fusobacterium nucleatum may protect CRC from immune cell attack by inhibiting T cells and influencing the production of many chemokines and cytokines. Some bacterial metabolites and probiotics have been shown to participate in the regulation of CRC through T cell-mediated molecular pathways. To visualize the relevant data, an association network of intestinal microorganisms and T lymphocytes associated with CRC was constructed. This work may provide direction for - and insight into - further research on the relationship between intestinal microorganisms and T lymphocytes in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Shuwen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, No.198 Hongqi Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, PR China
| | - Yang Xi
- Department of Intervention & Radiotherapy, Huzhou Central Hospital, No.198 Hongqi Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, PR China
| | - Qi Quan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, No.198 Hongqi Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, PR China
| | - Pan Yuefen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, No.198 Hongqi Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, PR China
| | - Da Miao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medical College of Nursing, Huzhou University, No. 759 Erhuan East Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, PR China
| | - Zhou Qing
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, No.198 Hongqi Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, PR China
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45
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Wu J, Li Q, Fu X. Fusobacterium nucleatum Contributes to the Carcinogenesis of Colorectal Cancer by Inducing Inflammation and Suppressing Host Immunity. Transl Oncol 2019; 12:846-851. [PMID: 30986689 PMCID: PMC6462820 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) in the gut is associated with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). F. nucleatum promotes tumor development by inducing inflammation and host immune response in the CRC microenvironment. Adhesion to the intestinal epithelium by the cell surface proteins FadA, Fap2 and RadD expressed by F. nucleatum can cause the host to produce inflammatory factors and recruit inflammatory cells, creating an environment which favors tumor growth. Furthermore, F. nucleatum can induce immune suppression of gut mucosa by suppressing the function of immune cells such as macrophages, T cells and natural killer cells, contributing the progression of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China, 646000
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China, 646000
| | - Xiangsheng Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong City, China, 637000.
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Ogino S, Nowak JA, Hamada T, Milner DA, Nishihara R. Insights into Pathogenic Interactions Among Environment, Host, and Tumor at the Crossroads of Molecular Pathology and Epidemiology. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 14:83-103. [PMID: 30125150 PMCID: PMC6345592 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-012418-012818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Evidence indicates that diet, nutrition, lifestyle, the environment, the microbiome, and other exogenous factors have pathogenic roles and also influence the genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome of tumor and nonneoplastic cells, including immune cells. With the need for big-data research, pathology must transform to integrate data science fields, including epidemiology, biostatistics, and bioinformatics. The research framework of molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) demonstrates the strengths of such an interdisciplinary integration, having been used to study breast, lung, prostate, and colorectal cancers. The MPE research paradigm not only can provide novel insights into interactions among environment, tumor, and host but also opens new research frontiers. New developments-such as computational digital pathology, systems biology, artificial intelligence, and in vivo pathology technologies-will further transform pathology and MPE. Although it is necessary to address the rarity of transdisciplinary education and training programs, MPE provides an exemplary model of integrative scientific approaches and contributes to advancements in precision medicine, therapy, and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Ogino
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA; , ,
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA;
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Jonathan A Nowak
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA; , ,
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamada
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA;
| | - Danny A Milner
- American Society for Clinical Pathology, Chicago, Illinois 60603, USA;
| | - Reiko Nishihara
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA; , ,
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Karpiński TM. Role of Oral Microbiota in Cancer Development. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7010020. [PMID: 30642137 PMCID: PMC6352272 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays cancer is the second main cause of death in the world. The most known bacterial carcinogen is Helicobacter pylori. Pathogens that can have an impact on cancer development in the gastrointestinal tract are also found in the oral cavity. Some specific species have been identified that correlate strongly with oral cancer, such as Streptococcus sp., Peptostreptococcus sp., Prevotella sp., Fusobacterium sp., Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Capnocytophaga gingivalis. Many works have also shown that the oral periopathogens Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis play an important role in the development of colorectal and pancreatic cancer. Three mechanisms of action have been suggested in regard to the role of oral microbiota in the pathogenesis of cancer. The first is bacterial stimulation of chronic inflammation. Inflammatory mediators produced in this process cause or facilitate cell proliferation, mutagenesis, oncogene activation, and angiogenesis. The second mechanism attributed to bacteria that may influence the pathogenesis of cancers by affecting cell proliferation is the activation of NF-κB and inhibition of cellular apoptosis. In the third mechanism, bacteria produce some substances that act in a carcinogenic manner. This review presents potentially oncogenic oral bacteria and possible mechanisms of their action on the carcinogenesis of human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz M Karpiński
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712 Poznań, Poland.
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de Carvalho AC, de Mattos Pereira L, Datorre JG, dos Santos W, Berardinelli GN, Matsushita MDM, Oliveira MA, Durães RO, Guimarães DP, Reis RM. Microbiota Profile and Impact of Fusobacterium nucleatum in Colorectal Cancer Patients of Barretos Cancer Hospital. Front Oncol 2019; 9:813. [PMID: 31555583 PMCID: PMC6727361 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial diversity has been pointed out as a major factor in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). We sought to explore the richness and abundance of the microbial community of a series of colorectal tumor samples treated at Barretos Cancer Hospital, Brazil, through 16S rRNA sequencing. The presence and the impact of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) DNA in CRC prognosis was further evaluated by qPCR in a series of 152 CRC cases. An enrichment for potentially oncogenic bacteria in CRC was observed, with Fusobacterium being the most abundant genus in the tumor tissue. In the validation dataset, Fn was detected in 35/152 (23.0%) of fresh-frozen tumor samples and in 6/57 (10.5%) of paired normal adjacent tissue, with higher levels in the tumor (p = 0.0033). Fn DNA in the tumor tissue was significantly associated with proximal tumors (p = 0.001), higher depth of invasion (p = 0.014), higher clinical stages (p = 0.033), poor differentiation (p = 0.011), MSI-positive status (p < 0.0001), BRAF mutated tumors (p < 0.0001), and the loss of expression of mismatch-repair proteins MLH1 (p < 0.0001), MSH2 (p = 0.003), and PMS2 (p < 0.0001). Moreover, the presence of Fn DNA in CRC tissue was also associated with a worse patient cancer-specific survival (69.9 vs. 82.2% in 5 years; p = 0.028) and overall survival (63.5 vs. 76.5%; p = 0.037). Here we report, for the first time, the association of F. nucleatum presence with important clinical and molecular features in a Brazilian cohort of CRC patients. Tumor detection and classification based on the gut microbiome might provide a promising approach to improve the prediction of patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Denise Peixoto Guimarães
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
- Department of Prevention, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Rui Manuel Reis
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Liu Y, Baba Y, Ishimoto T, Iwatsuki M, Hiyoshi Y, Miyamoto Y, Yoshida N, Wu R, Baba H. Progress in characterizing the linkage between Fusobacterium nucleatum and gastrointestinal cancer. J Gastroenterol 2019; 54:33-41. [PMID: 30244399 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-018-1512-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Microbiome research is a rapidly advancing field in human cancers. Fusobacterium nucleatum is an oral bacterium, indigenous to the human oral cavity, that plays a role in periodontal disease. Recent studies have found that F. nucleatum can promote gastrointestinal tumor progression and affect the prognosis of the disease. In addition, F. nucleatum may contribute to the chemo-resistance of gastrointestinal cancers. This review summarizes recent progress in the pathogenesis of F. nucleatum and its impact on gastrointestinal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.,Second Oncology Department, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110022, China
| | - Yoshifumi Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Ishimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masaaki Iwatsuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yukiharu Hiyoshi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Naoya Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Rong Wu
- Second Oncology Department, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110022, China
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
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Oh HJ, Kim JH, Bae JM, Kim HJ, Cho NY, Kang GH. Prognostic Impact of Fusobacterium nucleatum Depends on Combined Tumor Location and Microsatellite Instability Status in Stage II/III Colorectal Cancers Treated with Adjuvant Chemotherapy. J Pathol Transl Med 2018; 53:40-49. [PMID: 30586952 PMCID: PMC6344805 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2018.11.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of intratumoral Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer (CRC) treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods F. nucleatum DNA was quantitatively measured in a total of 593 CRC tissues retrospectively collected from surgically resected specimens of stage III or high-risk stage II CRC patients who had received curative surgery and subsequent oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy (either FOLFOXor CAPOX). Each case was classified into one of the three categories: F. nucleatum–high, –low, or –negative. Results No significant differences in survival were observed between the F.nucleatum–high and –low/negative groups in the 593 CRCs (p = .671). Subgroup analyses according to tumor location demonstrated that disease-free survival was significantly better in F.nucleatum–high than in –low/negative patients with non-sigmoid colon cancer (including cecal, ascending, transverse, and descending colon cancers; n = 219; log-rank p = .026). In multivariate analysis, F. nucleatum was determined to be an independent prognostic factor in non-sigmoid colon cancers (hazard ratio, 0.42; 95% confidence interval, 0.18 to 0.97; p = .043). Furthermore, the favorable prognostic effect of F. nucleatum–high was observed only in a non-microsatellite instability-high (non-MSI-high) subset of non-sigmoid colon cancers (log-rank p = 0.014), but not in a MSI-high subset (log-rank p = 0.844), suggesting that the combined status of tumor location and MSI may be a critical factor for different prognostic impacts of F. nucleatum in CRCs treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusions Intratumoral F. nucleatum load is a potential prognostic factor in a non-MSI-high/non-sigmoid/non-rectal cancer subset of stage II/III CRCs treated with oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jeong Oh
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Ho Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Mo Bae
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam-Yun Cho
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyeong Hoon Kang
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Laboratory of Epigenetics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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