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Deng R, Victoria G, Ucci M. Associations between residential daytime indoor temperature and self-reported sleep disturbances in UK adults: A cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 257:119281. [PMID: 38821464 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past few decades, research on the association between indoor temperature and sleep has primarily used laboratory rather than field data collected in epidemiological cohorts. METHODS Secondary data on 2493 individuals aged 43 years was obtained from the National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD). Logistic regression models were used to investigate the associations between temperatures (indoor at home, spot measurement when the nurses visited during the day; and outdoor, monthly average) and self-reported sleep disturbances, adjusting for socio-demographics, health variables, housing variables, and temperature-related variables. RESULTS Associations were found between daytime indoor temperature with difficulty initiating (OR: 0.95, 95%CI: 0.91-0.98) and maintaining sleep (OR: 0.96, 95%CI: 0.93-0.99). Compared with neutral indoor temperatures (17-28 °C), low indoor temperature (≤17 °C) was associated with difficulty initiating sleep (OR: 1.79, 95%CI: 1.21-2.65). Stratified analysis results across tertiles showed that associations with difficulty initiating (OR: 0.87, 95%CI: 0.77-0.99) and maintaining sleep (OR: 0.88, 95%CI: 0.79-0.98) were observed respectively in the lowest (≤20 °C) and highest tertile (≥23 °C) of indoor temperature. There was no association between outdoor temperature and self-reported sleep disturbances in this study. CONCLUSION In this first UK-based epidemiology study investigating temperature and sleep, self-reported sleep disturbances were associated with residential daytime indoor temperatures. Low indoor temperature had significantly higher odds ratio for difficulty initiating sleep compared with the neutral indoor temperature. A warmer indoor environment might be more suitable for sleep maintenance than sleep initiation. Indoor temperature in this study was a superior indicator of sleep disturbances than outdoor temperature. Although these findings are based on a UK sample, they may be relevant to other high-income settings with similar housing stock and climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiwen Deng
- Institute of Environmental Design and Engineering, The Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Garfield Victoria
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Marcella Ucci
- Institute of Environmental Design and Engineering, The Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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2
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Dittmar M, Stark T, Wedell S. Circadian Rhythm of Distal Skin Temperature in Healthy Older and Young Women and Its Relationship with Sleep-Wake Rhythm and Environmental Factors under Natural Living Conditions. Geriatrics (Basel) 2024; 9:102. [PMID: 39195132 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics9040102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the healthy aging of the circadian timing system under natural living conditions. This study explores changes in the circadian rhythm of distal skin temperature (DST) with aging and relates these changes to sleep-wake timing and environmental influences. DST, sleep-wake timing, 24-h light exposure, and physical activity were measured and averaged over seven consecutive days using temperature sensors, actigraphy with a light meter, and sleep diaries in 35 healthy older women (60-79 years) and 30 young women (20-34 years). Circadian rhythm characteristics, describing strength (amplitude) and timing (acrophase) of the DST rhythm, were calculated using cosinor analysis. The older adults displayed an 18-19% smaller amplitude and a 66-73 min earlier acrophase (peak time) for DST rhythm than the young adults, indicating a weaker and phase-advanced DST rhythm. The phase advance for DST was not due to an earlier evening increase, but to a shorter nocturnal plateau period. Daytime light exposure inversely affected strength (amplitude) but not phasing of the DST rhythm in older adults. The DST rhythm was 3.5 times more advanced than the sleep-wake rhythm, showing an altered phase relationship (phase angle) between both rhythms with aging. The phase angle was more heterogeneous among older adults, showing differential aging. The phase advance for DST rhythm and the altered and heterogeneous phase relationship between DST and sleep-wake rhythms were not related to ambient light exposure and the physical activity of older adults. This suggests that healthy aging of the circadian system might be due to endogenous mechanisms such as an internal rearrangement rather than external influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Dittmar
- Department of Human Biology, Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University, Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Tina Stark
- Department of Human Biology, Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University, Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefanie Wedell
- Department of Human Biology, Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University, Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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Chevance G, Minor K, Vielma C, Campi E, O'Callaghan-Gordo C, Basagaña X, Ballester J, Bernard P. A systematic review of ambient heat and sleep in a warming climate. Sleep Med Rev 2024; 75:101915. [PMID: 38598988 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Climate change is elevating nighttime and daytime temperatures worldwide, affecting a broad continuum of behavioral and health outcomes. Disturbed sleep is a plausible pathway linking rising ambient temperatures with several observed adverse human responses shown to increase during hot weather. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the literature investigating the relationship between ambient temperature and valid sleep outcomes measured in real-world settings, globally. We show that higher outdoor or indoor temperatures are generally associated with degraded sleep quality and quantity worldwide. The negative effect of heat persists across sleep measures, and is stronger during the hottest months and days, in vulnerable populations, and the warmest regions. Although we identify opportunities to strengthen the state of the science, limited evidence of fast sleep adaptation to heat suggests rising temperatures induced by climate change and urbanization pose a planetary threat to human sleep, and therefore health, performance, and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelton Minor
- Data Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, United States.
| | | | | | - Cristina O'Callaghan-Gordo
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Municipal Institute of Medical Research (IMIM-Hospital del Mar), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Paquito Bernard
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Research Center, University Institute of Mental Health at Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Cheong SM, Gaynanova I. Sensing the impact of extreme heat on physical activity and sleep. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241241509. [PMID: 38528970 PMCID: PMC10962040 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241241509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study assesses the person-specific impact of extreme heat on low-income households using wearable sensors. The focus is on the intensive and longitudinal assessment of physical activity and sleep with the rising person-specific ambient temperature. Methods This study recruited 30 participants in a low-income and predominantly Black community in Houston, Texas in August and September of 2022. Each participant wore on his/her wrist an accelerometer that recorded person-specific ambient temperature, sedentary behavior, physical activity intensity (low and moderate to vigorous), and sleep efficiency 24 h over 14 days. Mixed effects models were used to analyze associations among physical activity, sleep, and person-specific ambient temperature. Results The main findings include increased sedentary time, sleep impairment with the rise of person-level ambient temperature, and the mitigating role of AC. Conclusions Extreme heat negatively affects physical activity and sleep. The negative consequences are especially critical for those with limited use of AC in lower-income neighborhoods of color. Staying home with a high indoor temperature during hot days can lead to various adverse health outcomes including accelerated cognitive decline, higher cancer risk, and social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Min Cheong
- Department of Public Service & Administration, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Irina Gaynanova
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Ye X, Dou Z, Jiang M, Luo Z, Li M, Tang H, Huang X, Wang Y, Dong L, Mao X, Feng Y. Effects of Linpan nature therapy on health benefits in older women with and without hypertension. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1208481. [PMID: 38026306 PMCID: PMC10653337 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1208481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nature therapy can significantly benefit the physiology and psychology of middle-aged and older people, but previous studies have focused on forest environments. The restoration potential of rural environments in urban fringe areas, which are more accessible to older people on a daily basis, has not been fully studied. This study assessed the effects of nature therapy on the physical and mental health of older women in a rural setting (locally known as Linpan) in the urban fringe area of Chengdu, China. Methods We recruited a total of 60 older women (65.3 ± 5.5 years old) living in cities for 3 days of nature therapy in the winter (30 subjects) and spring (30 subjects), including 20 hypertensive patients. Results The results showed that the overall blood pressure, pulse and sleep dysfunction rating scores of the participants were significantly lower than the pretest levels, and the finger blood oxygen saturation, mid-day salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol were increased post-treatment. Increases in these biomarker indicates and increase in stress. There were significant differences in the changes in systolic blood pressure between the hypertension group (HTN) and the normal group (normal) (HTN decreased by 8.8%, normal decreased by 5.4%), salivary alpha-amylase content (HTN decreased by 0.3%, normal increased by 16.9%), and sleep dysfunction rating scores (HTN decreased by 59.6%, normal decreased by 54%). The decreases in systolic blood pressure and pulse in the winter group were higher than those in the spring group by 1.8 and 4.4%, respectively, while the increases in salivary alpha-amylase content and salivary cortisol content were lower than those in the spring group by 11.7 and 11.2%, respectively, and the decrease in sleep dysfunction rating scores was lower than that in the spring group by 7.1%. Conclusion Our study concluded that nature therapy based on various health activities in the Linpan has significant health effects on older women. It can regulate blood pressure and pulse in older women, relieve cardiovascular disease, improve sleep quality. Meanwhile, older women with high blood pressure experienced a more significant effect than the healthy group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ye
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiwen Dou
- Railway Cultural Tourism Investment Group, Health Industry Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyan Jiang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenghua Luo
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mao Li
- Railway Cultural Tourism Investment Group, Health Industry Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Haixiong Tang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Railway Cultural Tourism Investment Group, Health Industry Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqian Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liwei Dong
- Railway Cultural Tourism Investment Group, Health Industry Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoguang Mao
- Railway Cultural Tourism Investment Group, Health Industry Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Railway Cultural Tourism Investment Group, Health Industry Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
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McGarr GW, Meade RD, Kenny GP. Indoor overheating influences self-reported symptoms and mood-state in older adults during a simulated heatwave: Effects of mid-day cooling centre use. Physiol Behav 2023; 271:114335. [PMID: 37607601 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Public health agencies recommend that older adults without home air-conditioning visit cooling centres to mitigate physiological strain from high ambient temperatures during heat waves. However, there is little evidence regarding their influence on self-reported environmental symptoms and mood-state after returning to the heat. METHODS Forty adults (64-79 years) underwent a daylong laboratory-based indoor overheating simulation (9-hours, heat index: 37 °C) with (cooling, n = 20) or without (control, n = 20) a 2-hour air-conditioning intervention (hours 5-6). Mean skin and core temperature areas under the curve (AUC, hours 0-9) were used to assess cumulative thermal strain. Group differences in total symptom scores and subjective heat illness (68-item environmental symptoms questionnaire) as well as total mood disturbance and energy index (40-item profile of mood states questionnaire) were evaluated at end-heating (adjusted for pre-exposure scores). RESULTS Cooling reduced mean skin and core temperature AUCs by 4.0 [0.1, 0.8] and 1.6 [0.4, 2.8] °C·hour compared to control (both p < 0.048). However, at end-heating neither mean skin nor core temperatures differed between groups (both p > 0.999). Total symptom scores and subjective heat illness were 0.58-fold [0.44, 0.77] and 0.56-fold [0.40, 0.78] lower in the cooling compared to control group (both p < 0.001). Mood disturbance was 0.91-fold [0.83, 0.99] lower for cooling than control (p = 0.036), although energy index was not different between groups (p = 0.141). CONCLUSION Cooling centres can have sustained positive effects on perceived thermal strain and mood-state in older adults after returning to the heat. However, continued vigilance and use of appropriate countermeasures to mitigate physiological strain from indoor overheating should be encouraged as body temperatures can rapidly return to pre-cooling levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory W McGarr
- Consumer and Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert D Meade
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Glen P Kenny
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Yan F, Zheng Q, Ke Y. Effect of quilt thermal resistance on bedding system and sleep thermal comfort. J Therm Biol 2023; 117:103713. [PMID: 37748286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Ambient temperature and the bedding thermal resistance are two key factors affecting sleepers' thermal comfort. Six duvets with thermal resistance of 3.81, 5.12, 6.19, 7.81, 8.75 and 8.93 clo were included to investigate the effects of duvet thermal resistance on the sleep thermal comfort zone. Six males and six females were enrolled in a whole night sleep experiment, and the ambient temperature of the sleep room was adjusted to be thermally comfortable. Skin temperature, bed climate temperature and sleep stages were all acquired. Subjective evaluations including thermal perception and sleep quality were also assessed through questionnaires. The results indicated that increasing the thermal resistance of duvets widened the thermal comfort zone of ambient temperature, with the highest thermal resistance ranging from 8.2 to 17.7 °C and the lowest from 16.4 to 22.2 °C. The upper and lower temperature limits of the comfort zone did not significantly differ in their effect on sleep quality. The recommended bed climate temperature for comfortable sleep would be in the small range of 30-33 °C, and a good quality of sleep can be guaranteed in the scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangying Yan
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qing Zheng
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ying Ke
- School of Design, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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8
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Tian X, Xu R, Liu W. Facial skin temperature and overall thermal sensation of sub-tropically acclimated Chinese subjects in summer. J Therm Biol 2023; 112:103422. [PMID: 36796884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the facial skin temperature and thermal sensation of sub-tropically acclimated subjects in summer. We conducted a summer experiment that simulated the common indoor temperatures in Changsha, China. Twenty healthy subjects experienced five exposure conditions: 24, 26, 28, 30 and 32 °C with a relative humidity of 60%. During exposure (140min), the sitting participants documented their thermal sensation, comfort and acceptability of the environment. Their facial skin temperatures were continuously and automatically recorded by using iButtons. These facial parts include the forehead, nose, left and right ears, left and right cheeks and chin. The results found that the maximum facial skin temperature difference increased with air temperature reduction. The forehead skin temperature was the highest. Nose skin temperature is lowest when air temperature is not higher than 26 °C during summer. Correlation analysis confirmed that the nose is the potential facial part that is most suitable to evaluate thermal sensation. Based on the published winter experiment, we further explored their seasonal effects. The seasonal analysis showed that, compared with winter, thermal sensation is more sensitive to indoor temperature changes and facial skin temperatures were less susceptible to thermal sensation changes in summer. Facial skin temperatures were higher in summer under the same thermal conditions. It suggests that seasonal effects should be considered when facial skin temperature can be used as an important parameter for indoor environment control in the future through monitoring thermal sensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Tian
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Runpu Xu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- School of Architecture and Art, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
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Böttcher S, Vieluf S, Bruno E, Joseph B, Epitashvili N, Biondi A, Zabler N, Glasstetter M, Dümpelmann M, Van Laerhoven K, Nasseri M, Brinkman BH, Richardson MP, Schulze-Bonhage A, Loddenkemper T. Data quality evaluation in wearable monitoring. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21412. [PMID: 36496546 PMCID: PMC9741649 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25949-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wearable recordings of neurophysiological signals captured from the wrist offer enormous potential for seizure monitoring. Yet, data quality remains one of the most challenging factors that impact data reliability. We suggest a combined data quality assessment tool for the evaluation of multimodal wearable data. We analyzed data from patients with epilepsy from four epilepsy centers. Patients wore wristbands recording accelerometry, electrodermal activity, blood volume pulse, and skin temperature. We calculated data completeness and assessed the time the device was worn (on-body), and modality-specific signal quality scores. We included 37,166 h from 632 patients in the inpatient and 90,776 h from 39 patients in the outpatient setting. All modalities were affected by artifacts. Data loss was higher when using data streaming (up to 49% among inpatient cohorts, averaged across respective recordings) as compared to onboard device recording and storage (up to 9%). On-body scores, estimating the percentage of time a device was worn on the body, were consistently high across cohorts (more than 80%). Signal quality of some modalities, based on established indices, was higher at night than during the day. A uniformly reported data quality and multimodal signal quality index is feasible, makes study results more comparable, and contributes to the development of devices and evaluation routines necessary for seizure monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Böttcher
- grid.7708.80000 0000 9428 7911Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5836.80000 0001 2242 8751Ubiquitous Computing, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Solveig Vieluf
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDivision of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MS USA
| | - Elisa Bruno
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Boney Joseph
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XBioelectronics Neurophysiology and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Nino Epitashvili
- grid.7708.80000 0000 9428 7911Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Biondi
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Nicolas Zabler
- grid.7708.80000 0000 9428 7911Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Glasstetter
- grid.7708.80000 0000 9428 7911Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Dümpelmann
- grid.7708.80000 0000 9428 7911Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kristof Van Laerhoven
- grid.5836.80000 0001 2242 8751Ubiquitous Computing, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Mona Nasseri
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XBioelectronics Neurophysiology and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA ,grid.266865.90000 0001 2109 4358School of Engineering, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL USA
| | - Benjamin H. Brinkman
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XBioelectronics Neurophysiology and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Mark P. Richardson
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Andreas Schulze-Bonhage
- grid.7708.80000 0000 9428 7911Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Loddenkemper
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDivision of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MS USA
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10
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Sleep Habits in Pairs of Japanese High School Students and Their Mothers in Summer and Autumn. Clocks Sleep 2022; 4:520-534. [PMID: 36278534 PMCID: PMC9589961 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep4040041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the sleep habits in pairs of Japanese high school students and their mothers in the summer and autumn. Nineteen pairs of high school students and their mothers participated in this study. Wrist actigraphy, subjective sleep evaluations, and bedroom environmental measurements (temperature, humidity, and light) were performed for a duration of one week. The results of a split-plot analysis of variance revealed no significant difference in the actigraphically evaluated time spent in bed (TIB) between the seasons and between the mothers and students. The TIB was approximately 6 h on weekdays, and significantly lengthened to approximately 7 h on weekends (p < 0.05). The average sleep efficiency values recorded were higher than 90%. The mothers showed significantly advanced sleep phases compared to those of the students (p < 0.05). In addition, the waking time on Monday morning was significantly correlated between the mothers and students in the summer and autumn (p < 0.05). A perceived sleep loss “almost every day” or “several times per week” was reported by approximately half of the mothers and students in each season. The students occasionally fell into nocturnal sleep with the room light turned on. These results suggest that sleep hygiene education considering life habit characteristics is required to ensure sufficient sleep time.
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Kim BE, Hui-Beckman J, Lyubchenko T, Hall CF, Fallahi S, Brull A, Goleva E, Leung DY. Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 Plays a Major Role in Low Temperature-Mediated Skin Barrier Dysfunction. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:362-372.e7. [PMID: 35189126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children born in the fall and winter are at increased risk for developing atopic dermatitis (AD) and food allergy (FA). Since these seasons are associated with low temperature, we hypothesized that low temperature exposure may compromise keratinocyte differentiation and contribute to skin barrier dysfunction. OBJECTIVE To examine whether low temperature causes skin barrier dysfunction. METHODS Primary human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs) were differentiated in 1.3mM CaCl2 media and cultured at different temperatures. The cells were transfected with transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) or signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 small-interfering RNA (siRNA) to examine the effects of these gene targets in HEKs exposed to low temperature. Gene expression of TRPV1, epidermal barrier proteins, and keratinocyte-derived cytokines were evaluated. Organotypic skin equivalents were generated using HEKs transfected with control or TRPV1 siRNA and grown at 25oC or 37oC. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and levels of epidermal barrier proteins were evaluated. RESULTS Filaggrin (FLG) and loricrin (LOR) expression, but not keratin (KRT)-1 and KRT-10 expression, was downregulated in HEKs incubated at 25oC while TRPV1 silencing increased intracellular Ca2+ influx (keratinocyte differentiation signal) and enhanced the expression of epidermal differentiation proteins. Interleukin (IL)-1β and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) induced by low temperature inhibited FLG expression in keratinocytes through the TRPV1/STAT3 pathway. Moreover, low temperature-mediated inhibition of FLG and LOR was recovered, and TEWL was decreased in organotypic skin transfected with TRPV1 siRNA. CONCLUSION TRPV1 is critical in low temperature-mediated skin barrier dysfunction. Low temperature exposure induced TSLP, an alarmin implicated in epicutaneous allergen sensitization. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Low temperature causes skin barrier dysfunction through TRPV1 and TSLP, which may explain the pathways involved in promoting allergic sensitization through the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Eui Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, 80206
| | | | - Taras Lyubchenko
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, 80206; Department of Biological Science, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80208
| | - Clifton F Hall
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, 80206
| | - Sahand Fallahi
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, 80206; Department of Biological Science, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80208
| | - Amelia Brull
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, 80206
| | - Elena Goleva
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, 80206
| | - Donald Ym Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, 80206
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McCabe SM, Abbiss CR, Libert JP, Bach V. Functional links between thermoregulation and sleep in children with neurodevelopmental and chronic health conditions. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:866951. [PMID: 36451768 PMCID: PMC9703054 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.866951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The bi-directional relationship between sleep and wake is recognized as important for all children. It is particularly consequential for children who have neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) or health conditions which challenge their sleep and biological rhythms, and their ability to maintain rhythms of participation in everyday activities. There are many studies which report the diverse reasons for disruption to sleep in these populations. Predominantly, there is focus on respiratory, pharmaceutical, and behavioral approaches to management. There is, however, little exploration and explanation of the important effects of body thermoregulation on children's sleep-wake patterns, and associated behaviors. Circadian patterns of sleep-wake are dependent on patterns of body temperature change, large enough to induce sleep preparedness but remaining within a range to avoid sleep disturbances when active thermoregulatory responses against heat or cold are elicited (to maintain thermoneutrality). Additionally, the subjective notion of thermal comfort (which coincides with the objective concept of thermoneutrality) is of interest as part of general comfort and associated behavioral responses for sleep onset and maintenance. Children's thermoregulation and thermal comfort are affected by diverse biological functions, as well as their participation in everyday activities, within their everyday environments. Hence, the aforementioned populations are additionally vulnerable to disruption of their thermoregulatory system and their capacity for balance of sleep and wakefulness. The purpose of this paper is to present hitherto overlooked information, for consideration by researchers and clinicians toward determining assessment and intervention approaches to support children's thermoregulation functions and promote their subjective thermal comfort, for improved regulation of their sleep and wake functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M McCabe
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Chris R Abbiss
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | | | - Véronique Bach
- PeriTox UMR_I 01, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
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13
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Li L, Nakamura T, Hayano J, Yamamoto Y. Seasonal Sleep Variations and Their Association With Meteorological Factors: A Japanese Population Study Using Large-Scale Body Acceleration Data. Front Digit Health 2021; 3:677043. [PMID: 34713148 PMCID: PMC8521927 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2021.677043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal changes in meteorological factors [e.g., ambient temperature (Ta), humidity, and sunlight] could significantly influence a person's sleep, possibly resulting in the seasonality of sleep properties (timing and quality). However, population-based studies on sleep seasonality or its association with meteorological factors remain limited, especially those using objective sleep data. Japan has clear seasonality with distinctive changes in meteorological variables among seasons, thereby suitable for examining sleep seasonality and the effects of meteorological factors. This study aimed to investigate seasonal variations in sleep properties in a Japanese population (68,604 individuals) and further identify meteorological factors contributing to sleep seasonality. Here we used large-scale objective sleep data estimated from body accelerations by machine learning. Sleep parameters such as total sleep time, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, and wake time after sleep onset demonstrated significant seasonal variations, showing that sleep quality in summer was worse than that in other seasons. While bedtime did not show clear seasonality, get-up time varied seasonally, with a nadir during summer, and positively correlated with the sunrise time. Estimated by the abovementioned sleep parameters, Ta had a practically meaningful association with sleep quality, indicating that sleep quality worsened with the increase of Ta. This association would partly explain seasonal variations in sleep quality among seasons. In conclusion, Ta had a principal role for seasonality in sleep quality, and the sunrise time chiefly determined the get-up time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.,Intasect Communications, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Nakamura
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junichiro Hayano
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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14
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Kholghi M, Ellender CM, Zhang Q, Gao Y, Higgins L, Karunanithi M. Home-Based Sleep Sensor Measurements in an Older Australian Population: Before and during a Pandemic. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:5993. [PMID: 34577202 PMCID: PMC8471147 DOI: 10.3390/s21185993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Older adults are susceptible to poor night-time sleep, characterized by short sleep duration and high sleep disruptions (i.e., more frequent and longer awakenings). This study aimed to longitudinally and objectively assess the changes in sleep patterns of older Australians during the 2020 pandemic lockdown. A non-invasive mattress-based device, known as the EMFIT QS, was used to continuously monitor sleep in 31 older adults with an average age of 84 years old before (November 2019-February 2020) and during (March-May 2020) the COVID-19, a disease caused by a form of coronavirus, lockdown. Total sleep time, sleep onset latency, wake after sleep onset, sleep efficiency, time to bed, and time out of bed were measured across these two periods. Overall, there was no significant change in total sleep time; however, women had a significant increase in total sleep time (36 min), with a more than 30-min earlier bedtime. There was also no increase in wake after sleep onset and sleep onset latency. Sleep efficiency remained stable across the pandemic time course between 84-85%. While this sample size is small, these data provide reassurance that objective sleep measurement did not deteriorate through the pandemic in older community-dwelling Australians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnoosh Kholghi
- Health & Biosecurity, CSIRO, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia; (Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (L.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Claire M. Ellender
- Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Rd, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia;
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health & Biosecurity, CSIRO, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia; (Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (L.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Yang Gao
- Health & Biosecurity, CSIRO, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia; (Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (L.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Liesel Higgins
- Health & Biosecurity, CSIRO, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia; (Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (L.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Mohanraj Karunanithi
- Health & Biosecurity, CSIRO, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia; (Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (L.H.); (M.K.)
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15
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Thermal Comfort and Sleep Quality of Indonesian Students Living in Japan during Summer and Winter. BUILDINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/buildings11080326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Thermal comfort is crucial in satisfaction and maintaining quality sleep for occupants. In this study, we investigated the comfort temperature in the bedroom at night and sleep quality for Indonesian students during summer and winter. Eighteen male Indonesian students aged 29 ± 4 years participated in this study. The participants had stayed in Japan for about six months. We evaluated the sleep parameters using actigraphy performed during summer and winter. All participants completed the survey regarding thermal sensation, physical conditions, and subjective sleepiness before sleep. The temperature and relative humidity of participants’ bedrooms were also measured. We found that the duration on the bed during winter was significantly longer than that during summer. However, sleeping efficiency during winter was significantly worse than that during summer. The bedroom temperature of the participants was in the range of comfort temperature in Indonesia. With the average bedroom air temperature of 22.2 °C, most of the participants still preferred “warm” and felt “slightly comfortable” during winter. The average comfort temperature each season calculated using the Griffiths method was 28.1 °C during summer and 23.5 °C during winter. In conclusion, differences in adaptive action affect bedroom thermal conditions. Furthermore, habits encourage the sleep performance of Indonesian students.
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16
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Tai Y, Obayashi K, Yamagami Y, Yoshimoto K, Kurumatani N, Nishio K, Saeki K. Hot-water bathing before bedtime and shorter sleep onset latency are accompanied by a higher distal-proximal skin temperature gradient in older adults. J Clin Sleep Med 2021; 17:1257-1266. [PMID: 33645499 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Passive body heating in controlled settings could shorten sleep onset latency (SOL). The hypothesized mechanism is vasodilation-induced heat loss before bedtime. However, this evidence is based on small sample-sized studies in specific populations. Thus, we analyzed the association of hot-water bathing and its before-bedtime timing with SOL and heat loss in a large study population of older adults. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal analysis using repeated measurements of hot-water bathing and sleep among 1,094 older adults (mean age, 72.0 years). SOL was recorded using actigraphy and self-reported sleep estimates and was categorized into conditions (intervals of 1-60, 61-120, 121-180, and > 181 minutes between hot bath and bedtime) and compared with the control condition of no bathing. The heat-loss indicator, distal-proximal skin temperature gradient, was examined in the same categorization. RESULTS Mixed-effects linear regression models suggested that the bathing conditions of 61-120 minutes and 121-180 minutes showed significantly shorter log-transformed actigraphic SOL by 0.23 log-minutes (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.03-0.42) and 0.32 log-minutes (95% CI, 0.09-0.56), shorter self-reported SOL by 0.16 log-minutes (95% CI, 0.02-0.30) and 0.18 log-minutes (95% CI, 0.01-0.35), and higher distal-proximal skin temperature gradient for 30 minutes before bedtime by 0.49°C (95% CI, 0.22-0.75) and 0.51°C (95% CI, 0.20-0.83), respectively, independent of potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS Hot-water bathing before bedtime is significantly associated with shorter SOL and higher distal-proximal skin temperature gradient among the large-scale older population. This finding could enhance the generalizability of hot-water bathing habits for ameliorating sleep initiation difficulty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Tai
- Department of Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan.,Department of General Medicine, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Kenji Obayashi
- Department of Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamagami
- Department of Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Yoshimoto
- Department of General Medicine, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Department of Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Kenji Nishio
- Department of General Medicine, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Keigo Saeki
- Department of Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
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17
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Min KB, Lee S, Min JY. High and low ambient temperature at night and the prescription of hypnotics. Sleep 2021; 44:6016156. [PMID: 33442740 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES This study investigated the association between ambient nighttime temperature and sleep problems assessed by the prescription dose of sleeping pills in South Korean adults. METHODS We used the 2002-2015 National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. A total of 711,079 adults who were 20 years old or older were included, wherein 42,858 adults (~6%) had been prescribed hypnotic medications including zolpidem (N05CF02) and triazolam (N05CD05). Ambient temperature data was calculated as the mean highest temperature of nighttime (23:00-07:00) for every month from January to December. We combined the drug-prescribed date with the administrative districts-level daily nighttime temperature between 2002 and 2015. RESULTS We found that a non-linear, U-shaped relationship between nighttime temperature and hypnotic medication prescription. With an increase per 1°C temperature or an increase in a square per 1°C, the prescription dose of sleeping pills was significantly increased (both p < 0.05). At each 5°C nighttime temperature, subjects belonging to low (≤0°C and 0-5°C) or high (20-25°C and ≥25°C) temperature categories had significantly higher doses of sleeping pills than those at the reference temperature (10-15°C). Changes in nighttime temperature had a significant non-linear effect on the prescribed dosage of hypnotic medications for both adults (p < 0.0001) and the elderly (p = 0.0006). CONCLUSION We found that either a high or low nighttime temperature was significantly associated with a high daily dose of hypnotic medications in the Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Bok Min
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyae Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Min
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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18
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Aguglia A, Serafini G, Escelsior A, Amore M, Maina G. What is the role of meteorological variables on involuntary admission in psychiatric ward? An Italian cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 180:108800. [PMID: 31634719 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Weather affects physical and mental health through several modalities which are not fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of meteorological variables and other indexes in a large sample of hospitalized patients, focusing on subjects who were involuntarily admitted. We hypothesized a direct relation between the amount of involuntary admissions and mean sunshine hours. Furthermore, we supposed that specific meteorological factors may significantly influence hospitalizations of patients affected by severe psychiatric conditions. All subjects were consecutively recruited from the Psychiatric Inpatient Unit of San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano (Turin, Italy) from September 2013 to August 2015. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were carefully collected. Meteorological data were derived by the Italian Meteorology's Climate Data Service of Physics Department of the University of Turin (Latitude: 45°03'07,15″ Nord, Longitude: 007°40'53,30″ Est, Altitude: 254 m above the sea level) (http://www.meteo.dfg.unito.it/). Our data indicate significant differences regarding temperature (minimum, maximum, and medium), solar radiation, humidex and windchill index, and hours of sunshine in psychiatric patients who were involuntarily hospitalized. After logistic regression analyses, only maximum and medium temperature, and humidex index remained significantly associated with involuntary admission in an emergency psychiatric ward. The limitations of this study include the cross-sectional study design and the single hospital for patients' recruitment. Furthermore, results and seasonal patterns obtained by patients requiring hospitalization might significantly differ from those who were not hospitalized. Exploring in a more detailed manner those environmental factors associated with involuntary admissions could lead to early intervention and prevention strategies for such distressing hospitalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Aguglia
- Section of Psychiatry, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Section of Psychiatry, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Escelsior
- Section of Psychiatry, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- Section of Psychiatry, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maina
- Psychiatric Clinic, "S Luigi Gonzaga Hospital" of Orbassano -"Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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19
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Zerbini G, van der Vinne V, Otto LKM, Monecke S, Kantermann T, Merrow M. Tardiness Increases in Winter: Evidence for Annual Rhythms in Humans. J Biol Rhythms 2019; 34:672-679. [PMID: 31544573 PMCID: PMC6927071 DOI: 10.1177/0748730419876781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Annual rhythms in humans have been described for a limited number of behavioral and physiological parameters. The aim of this study was to investigate time-of-year variations in late arrivals, sick leaves, dismissals from class (attendance), and grades (performance). Data were collected in Dutch high school students across 4 academic years (indicators of attendance in about 1700 students; grades in about 200 students). Absenteeism showed a seasonal variation, with a peak in winter, which was more strongly associated with photoperiod (number of hours of daylight) compared with other factors assessed (e.g., weather conditions). Grades also varied with time of year, albeit differently across the 4 years. The observed time-of-year variation in the number of sick leaves was in accordance with the literature on the seasonality of infectious diseases (e.g., influenza usually breaks out in winter). The winter peak in late arrivals was unexpected and requires more research. Our findings could be relevant for a seasonal adaptation of school schedules and working environments (e.g., later school and work hours in winter, especially at higher latitudes where seasonal differences in photoperiod are more pronounced).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Zerbini
- Institute of Medical Psychology, LMU Munich, Munich, DE, Germany.,Chronobiology Unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Lana K M Otto
- Chronobiology Unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Research and Innovation Center for Rehabilitation, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stefanie Monecke
- Institute of Medical Psychology, LMU Munich, Munich, DE, Germany
| | - Thomas Kantermann
- Chronobiology Unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,SynOpus, Bochum, DE, Germany.,University of Applied Sciences for Economics and Managements (FOM), Essen, DE, Germany
| | - Martha Merrow
- Institute of Medical Psychology, LMU Munich, Munich, DE, Germany.,Chronobiology Unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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20
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Bertz JW, Epstein DH, Reamer D, Kowalczyk WJ, Phillips KA, Kennedy AP, Jobes ML, Ward G, Plitnick BA, Figueiro MG, Rea MS, Preston KL. Sleep reductions associated with illicit opioid use and clinic-hour changes during opioid agonist treatment for opioid dependence: Measurement by electronic diary and actigraphy. J Subst Abuse Treat 2019; 106:43-57. [PMID: 31540611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Sleep problems are commonly reported during opioid agonist treatment (OAT) for opioid use disorders. Inpatient studies have found both sleep disturbances and improved sleep during OAT. Illicit opioids can also disrupt sleep, but it is unclear how they affect sleep in outpatients receiving OAT. Therefore, we used electronic diary entries and actigraphy to measure sleep duration and timing in opioid-dependent participants (n = 37) treated with methadone (n = 15) or buprenorphine (n = 22). For 16 weeks, participants were assigned to attend our clinic under different operating hours in a crossover design: Early hours (07:00-09:00) vs. Late hours (12:00-13:00) for 4 weeks each in randomized order, followed for all participants by our Standard clinic hours (07:00-11:30) for 8 weeks. Throughout, participants made daily electronic diary self-reports of their sleep upon waking; they also wore a wrist actigraph for 6 nights in each of the three clinic-hour conditions. Drug use was assessed by thrice-weekly urinalysis. In linear mixed models controlling for other sleep-relevant factors, sleep duration and timing differed by drug use and by clinic hours. Compared to when non-using, participants slept less, went to bed later, and woke later when using illicit opioids and/or both illicit opioids and cocaine. Participants slept less and woke earlier when assigned to the Early hours. These findings highlight the role OAT clinic schedules can play in structuring the sleep/wake cycles of OAT patients and clarify some of the circumstances under which OAT patients experience sleep disruption in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah W Bertz
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - David H Epstein
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Reamer
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - William J Kowalczyk
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karran A Phillips
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashley P Kennedy
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michelle L Jobes
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Greg Ward
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Lighting Research Center, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Barbara A Plitnick
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Lighting Research Center, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Mariana G Figueiro
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Lighting Research Center, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Mark S Rea
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Lighting Research Center, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Kenzie L Preston
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
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21
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Effects of Changing Air Temperature at Different Sleep Stages on the Subjective Evaluation of Sleep Quality. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11051417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The thermal environment in bedrooms is important for high-quality sleep. Studies confirm that, even during sleep, the human body remains sensitive to the ambient air temperature. This study assesses how changing indoor air temperatures at different sleep stages affects the subjective evaluation of sleep quality. We compare reports from two identical sleeping environments with different thermal control systems: an IoT-based control system that adjusts the indoor air temperature according to the sleep stage and a fixed control system that maintains a constant temperature throughout the night. Ten subjects participated in the experiments and completed a questionnaire about their sleep quality. Our results show that, overall, the subjects experienced better sleep in the room with the IoT-based control system than in the one with a fixed thermal control. The mean differences in sleep satisfaction levels between the two sleeping environments were generally statistically significant in favor of the room with the IoT-based thermal control. Our results thus illustrate the suitability of using the IoT to control the air conditioning in bedrooms to provide improved sleep quality.
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22
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Chow CM, Shin M, Mahar TJ, Halaki M, Ireland A. The impact of sleepwear fiber type on sleep quality under warm ambient conditions. Nat Sci Sleep 2019; 11:167-178. [PMID: 31692485 PMCID: PMC6716586 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s209116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disturbance in adults with no health concerns is often linked to the thermal environment. This study assesses the impact on sleep quality of sleepwear made from fibers with different thermal insulation and hygral properties. This randomized cross-over study investigated the effects on sleep quality of sleepwear made from cotton, polyester and Merino wool in adults aged 50-70 years, at an ambient temperature of 30 °C and a relative humidity of 50%. METHODS Thirty-six healthy participants completed four nights of sleep study with polysomnography. Participants were categorized by body mass index as <25 kg·m-2 or ≥25 kg·m-2, age as <65 years or ≥65 years, and by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) as poor sleepers (PSQI≥5) or good sleepers (PSQI<5). RESULTS Small, but statistically significant sleep benefits were observed for wool over cotton and polyester sleepwear for multiple sleep parameters, while neither cotton nor polyester was responsible for any statistically significant sleep benefit over the 11 sleep parameters examined. The key findings were: 1) A significant sleepwear effect was observed for sleep onset latency (SOL), p=0.04. 2) For older participants, sleeping in wool significantly reduced SOL (12.4 mins) compared with cotton (26.7 mins, p=0.001) or polyester (21.6 mins, p=0.001). 3) A statistically significant effect was found for sleep fragmentation index (p=0.01) in which wool sleepwear (12.1 no·h- 1) was lower than polyester (13.7 no·h- 1) (p=0.005), but not different to cotton (13.3 no·h- 1). 4) Poor sleepers had less wakefulness when sleeping in wool compared to cotton (p=0.047). 5) And Poor sleepers had higher rapid eye movement sleep latency in polyester than in cotton (p=0.037) or in wool (p=0.036). CONCLUSION Statistically significant benefits for wool sleepwear were observed on average for all participants and, in particular, for the older and poorer sleepers. There were no significant differences in any sleep variables between sleepwear types for the BMI sub-group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Moi Chow
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Exercise, Heath & Performance Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mirim Shin
- Exercise, Heath & Performance Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Trevor J Mahar
- Australian Wool Innovation Limited, The Woolmark Company, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Halaki
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Exercise, Heath & Performance Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Angus Ireland
- Australian Wool Innovation Limited, The Woolmark Company, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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23
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McCabe SM, Elliott C, Langdon K, Abbiss CR. Patterns and reliability of children's skin temperature prior to and during sleep in the home setting. Physiol Behav 2018; 194:292-301. [PMID: 29885918 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between patterns of change in skin temperature and sleep is well recognized. In particular, there is a rapid rise in distal skin temperature (Tdistal) and slower rise in proximal skin temperature (Tproximal) prior to sleep onset. The difference between Tdistal and Tproximal is known as the distal-proximal gradient (DPG). Rise in DPG is known as a measure of distal vasodilation, which contributes to the drop in core body temperature (Tcore) that is important to sleep onset and maintenance. Patterns of change in skin temperature before and during sleep are reported for neonates, infants, adults and elderly, however they are not known for school aged children. Therefore, the current observational study aimed to determine the patterns and reliability of skin temperatures (Tskin) and DPG in relation to sleep of school aged children in their home settings. Participants (22 children, aged 6-12) completed the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire and used Thermochron iButtons and actigraphy for four school nights in their typical sleep settings. There were evident patterns of Tskin change before and during sleep. In particular, Tdistal was lower but rose more rapidly than Tproximal after reported bedtime and prior to sleep onset. This reflected a timely rise in DPG, and shows that distal vasodilation precedes sleep onset in school aged children. The measures of Tskin and sleep were practical for children in their home settings, and the observed patterns were consistent across consecutive school nights. Environmental and behavioural strategies that manage skin temperature before and during sleep should be explored for their potential as valuable components of treatment of childhood insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M McCabe
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia.
| | - Catherine Elliott
- School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - Katherine Langdon
- Department of Paediatric Rehabilitation, Princess Margaret Hospital, Subiaco, Australia
| | - Chris R Abbiss
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
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Kenny GP, Flouris AD, Yagouti A, Notley SR. Towards establishing evidence-based guidelines on maximum indoor temperatures during hot weather in temperate continental climates. Temperature (Austin) 2018; 6:11-36. [PMID: 30906809 PMCID: PMC6422495 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2018.1456257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rising environmental temperatures represent a major threat to human health. The activation of heat advisories using evidence-based thresholds for high-risk outdoor ambient temperatures have been shown to be an effective strategy to save lives during hot weather. However, although the relationship between weather and human health has been widely defined by outdoor temperature, corresponding increases in indoor temperature during heat events can also be harmful to health especially in vulnerable populations. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the relationship between outdoor temperature and human health and examine how human health can also be adversely influenced by high indoor temperatures during heat events. Our assessment of the existing literature revealed a high degree of variability in what can be considered an acceptable indoor temperature because there are differences in how different groups of people may respond physiologically and behaviorally to the same living environment. Finally, we demonstrate that both non-physiological (e.g., geographical location, urban density, building design) and physiological (e.g., sex, age, fitness, state of health) factors must be considered when defining an indoor temperature threshold for preserving human health in a warming global climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen P. Kenny
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andreas D. Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | | | - Sean R. Notley
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Hashizaki M, Nakajima H, Shiga T, Tsutsumi M, Kume K. A longitudinal large-scale objective sleep data analysis revealed a seasonal sleep variation in the Japanese population. Chronobiol Int 2018; 35:933-945. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1443118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Hashizaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
- Technology and Intellectual Property H.Q., Omron Corporation, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakajima
- Technology and Intellectual Property H.Q., Omron Corporation, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Shiga
- Technology Development HQ, Omron Healthcare Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakazu Tsutsumi
- Data Healthcare Business HQ, Omron Healthcare Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kume
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Kuwamizu Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
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Okamoto-Mizuno K, Mizuno K, Shirakawa S. Sleep and Skin Temperature in Preschool Children and Their Mothers. Behav Sleep Med 2018; 16:64-78. [PMID: 27167826 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2016.1173552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare sleep and skin temperature (Tsk) of preschool children with those of their mothers. The subjects included 18 pairs of preschool children and their mothers. The actigraphic measurement of sleep, Tsk, heart rate, bedroom climate, and the microclimate temperature and humidity (bed climate) were measured. Proximal and distal Tsk, the temperature gradient of distal and proximal Tsk (DPG), and bed climate temperature were significantly lower in the children. Approximately 70% of the children slept without bed covering. Heat dissipation during sleep in preschool children may primarily rely on the proximal Tsk. The lower Tsk than adults, and behavioral thermoregulation, may be important for sleep in preschoolers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koh Mizuno
- b Department of Education , Tohoku Fukushi University , Miyagi , Japan
| | - Shuichiro Shirakawa
- c Sleep Assessment and Research Institute , Tokyo , Japan.,d Department of Neuropsychopharmacology , National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry , Tokyo , Japan
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Kume Y, Makabe S, Singha-Dong N, Vajamun P, Apikomonkon H, Griffiths J. Seasonal effects on the sleep–wake cycle, the rest–activity rhythm and quality of life for Japanese and Thai older people. Chronobiol Int 2017; 34:1377-1387. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2017.1372468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kume
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Akita University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Akita, Japan
| | - Sachiko Makabe
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Akita University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Akita, Japan
| | - Naruemol Singha-Dong
- Institute of Nursing, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Patama Vajamun
- Institute of Nursing, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Hataichanok Apikomonkon
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jiranan Griffiths
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Quinn A, Shaman J. Health symptoms in relation to temperature, humidity, and self-reported perceptions of climate in New York City residential environments. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2017; 61:1209-1220. [PMID: 28108783 PMCID: PMC5479711 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-016-1299-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Little monitoring has been conducted of temperature and humidity inside homes despite the fact that these conditions may be relevant to health outcomes. Previous studies have observed associations between self-reported perceptions of the indoor environment and health. Here, we investigate associations between measured temperature and humidity, perceptions of indoor environmental conditions, and health symptoms in a sample of New York City apartments. We measured temperature and humidity in 40 New York City apartments during summer and winter seasons and collected survey data from the households' residents. Health outcomes of interest were (1) sleep quality, (2) symptoms of heat illness (summer season), and (3) symptoms of respiratory viral infection (winter season). Using mixed-effects logistic regression models, we investigated associations between the perceptions, symptoms, and measured conditions in each season. Perceptions of indoor temperature were significantly associated with measured temperature in both the summer and the winter, with a stronger association in the summer season. Sleep quality was inversely related to measured and perceived indoor temperature in the summer season only. Heat illness symptoms were associated with perceived, but not measured, temperature in the summer season. We did not find an association between any measured or perceived condition and cases of respiratory infection in the winter season. Although limited in size, the results of this study reveal that indoor temperature may impact sleep quality, and that thermal perceptions of the indoor environment may indicate vulnerability to heat illness. These are both important avenues for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlinn Quinn
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Jeffrey Shaman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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Roveda E, Vitale JA, Bruno E, Montaruli A, Pasanisi P, Villarini A, Gargano G, Galasso L, Berrino F, Caumo A, Carandente F. Protective Effect of Aerobic Physical Activity on Sleep Behavior in Breast Cancer Survivors. Integr Cancer Ther 2017; 16:21-31. [PMID: 27252076 PMCID: PMC5736068 DOI: 10.1177/1534735416651719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
HYPOTHESES Sleep disorders are associated with an increased risk of cancer, including breast cancer (BC). Physical activity (PA) can produce beneficial effects on sleep. STUDY DESIGN We designed a randomized controlled trial to test the effect of 3 months of physical activity on sleep and circadian rhythm activity level evaluated by actigraphy. METHODS 40 BC women, aged 35-70 years, were randomized into an intervention (IG) and a control group (CG). IG performed a 3 month of aerobic exercise. At baseline and after 3 months, the following parameters were evaluated both for IG and CG: anthropometric and body composition measurements, energy expenditure and motion level; sleep parameters (Actual Sleep Time-AST, Actual Wake Time-AWT, Sleep Efficiency-SE, Sleep Latency-SL, Mean Activity Score-MAS, Movement and Fragmentation Index-MFI and Immobility Time-IT) and activity level circadian rhythm using the Actigraph Actiwatch. RESULTS The CG showed a deterioration of sleep, whereas the IG showed a stable pattern. In the CG the SE, AST and IT decreased and the AWT, SL, MAS and MFI increased. In the IG, the SE, IT, AWT, SL, and MAS showed no changes and AST and MFI showed a less pronounced change in the IG than in the CG. The rhythmometric analysis revealed a significant circadian rhythm in two groups. After 3 months of PA, IG showed reduced fat mass %, while CG had improved weight and BMI. CONCLUSION Physical activity may be beneficial against sleep disruption. Indeed, PA prevented sleep worsening in IG. PA can represent an integrative intervention therapy able to modify sleep behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Roveda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo A. Vitale
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Bruno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Montaruli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Anna Villarini
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Letizia Galasso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Berrino
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Caumo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Policlinico San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Franca Carandente
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Saeki K, Obayashi K, Tone N, Kurumatani N. A warmer indoor environment in the evening and shorter sleep onset latency in winter: The HEIJO-KYO study. Physiol Behav 2015; 149:29-34. [PMID: 26004170 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Difficulty in initiating sleep is an important problem because it is associated with an increased incidence of depression, diabetes, myocardial infarction, and higher all-cause mortality. Although experimental studies in controlled settings have shown that warm skin temperature of the extremities (feet and hands) before bedtime is associated with shorter sleep onset latency (SOL), evidence from real life situations is limited. We assessed the relationship between indoor temperatures in the evening (2h before bedtime) and SOL among 861 home-dwelling elderly participants. Subjective SOL was determined according to a self-administered sleep diary. Actigraphic (objective) SOL, indoor temperature, and bed temperature were simultaneously measured at participants' homes for 48h during the colder seasons (October-April). The association between evening indoor temperature and SOL was assessed using a multilevel linear regression model with random intercept for individual participants. Evening indoor temperature showed a significant inverse association with log-transformed subjective SOL (β=-0.021, P<0.01) and actigraphic SOL (β=-0.019, P<0.01), independent of potential confounders including gender, insomnia medication, evening physical activity, and bedtime. Higher bed temperature during the 2h after bedtime was significantly associated with shorter log-transformed actigraphic SOL (β=-0.028, P<0.01). These significant associations were maintained even after adjustment for evening outdoor temperature. The clinically important findings of the present study indicate that SOL may be shortened by modification of evening indoor temperature and bed temperature for 2h after bedtime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Saeki
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan.
| | - Kenji Obayashi
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Tone
- Center for Academic Industrial and Governmental Relations, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
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Merilahti J, Viramo P, Korhonen I. Wearable Monitoring of Physical Functioning and Disability Changes, Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Patterns in Nursing Home Residents. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2015; 20:856-864. [PMID: 25861091 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2015.2420680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Sleep problems and disrupted circadian rhythms are common among older adults and may be associated with several health issues and physical functioning status. Wearable continuous monitoring of physical activity enables unobtrusive monitoring of circadian activity and sleep patterns. The objective of this retrospective study was to analyze whether physical functioning status (Activities of Daily Living assessment of Resident Assessment Instrument) is associated with diurnal activity rhythm and sleep patterns measured with wearable activity sensor in nursing home residents during their normal daily life. Continuous activity data were collected by the wearable sensor from 16 nursing home residents (average age of 90.7 years, seven demented subjects, one female) in their daily life over several months (12-18 months). The subjects' physical activity and sleep were quantified by several parameters from the activity data. In the cross-sectional analysis, physical functioning status was associated with the strength (RHO = 0.78, ) and the stability (RHO = 0.72, ) of the activity rhythm when the level of dementia was not controlled. In the longitudinal analysis (12-18 months), at an individual level the activity rhythm indices and activity level had the strongest correlations with changes in physical functioning but the associations were to some extent individual. In these long-term case recordings, decrease in the physical functioning was most strongly associated with decreasing levels of activity, stability, and strength of the activity rhythm, and with increasing fragmentation of rhythm and daytime passivity. Daily wearable monitoring of physical activity may hence reveal information about functioning state and health of older adults. However, since the changes in activity patterns implying changes in physical functioning status may not be consistent between the individuals, a multivariate approach is recommended for monitoring of these changes by continuous physical activity measurement.
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Garde AH, Hansen ÅM, Persson R, Österberg K, Ørbæk P, Karlson B, Olsen A, Kristiansen J. Month-to-month variation in sleep among healthy, Scandinavian daytime workers. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2014; 74:527-35. [DOI: 10.3109/00365513.2014.913303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Cohen D, Atun-Einy O, Scher A. Seasonal effect on infants' sleep regulation: a preliminary study in a Mediterranean climate. Chronobiol Int 2012; 29:1352-7. [PMID: 23130939 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2012.728654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Infants' sleep-wake rhythms are influenced by multiple factors, including developmental and contextual aspects, as well as circadian cycles. Empirical studies that address the seasonal impact on infants' sleep are scarce. The present study examined aspects of sleep schedule and quality, comparing summer and winter months in a Mediterranean climate. This report is based on a convenience sample of 34 healthy 7-mo-olds, an age in which sleep is well consolidated and regulated compared with the first few months of life. Sleep was measured with actigraphy, in the home context. It was found that compared with winter, in the summer months, sleep onset occurred at a later hour, and more motor activity during sleep was detected. Although the overall sleep quality, as defined by sleep efficiency score, was similar in the two seasons, in the summer, more active sleep was observed. The authors discuss the finding in terms of circadian rhythms, developmental characteristics, as well as possible environmental factors and family routines, and call for more studies, in different climates and geographical zones, and in different developmental periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Cohen
- Department of Counseling and Human Development, Faculty of Education, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
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Anderson M, Carmichael C, Murray V, Dengel A, Swainson M. Defining indoor heat thresholds for health in the UK. Perspect Public Health 2012; 133:158-64. [PMID: 22833542 DOI: 10.1177/1757913912453411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It has been recognised that as outdoor ambient temperatures increase past a particular threshold, so do mortality/morbidity rates. However, similar thresholds for indoor temperatures have not yet been identified. Due to a warming climate, the non-sustainability of air conditioning as a solution, and the desire for more energy-efficient airtight homes, thresholds for indoor temperature should be defined as a public health issue. AIMS The aim of this paper is to outline the need for indoor heat thresholds and to establish if they can be identified. Our objectives include: describing how indoor temperature is measured; highlighting threshold measurements and indices; describing adaptation to heat; summary of the risk of susceptible groups to heat; reviewing the current evidence on the link between sleep, heat and health; exploring current heat and health warning systems and thresholds; exploring the built environment and the risk of overheating; and identifying the gaps in current knowledge and research. METHODS A global literature search of key databases was conducted using a pre-defined set of keywords to retrieve peer-reviewed and grey literature. The paper will apply the findings to the context of the UK. RESULTS A summary of 96 articles, reports, government documents and textbooks were analysed and a gap analysis was conducted. Evidence on the effects of indoor heat on health implies that buildings are modifiers of the effect of climate on health outcomes. Personal exposure and place-based heat studies showed the most significant correlations between indoor heat and health outcomes. However, the data are sparse and inconclusive in terms of identifying evidence-based definitions for thresholds. Further research needs to be conducted in order to provide an evidence base for threshold determination. CONCLUSIONS Indoor and outdoor heat are related but are different in terms of language and measurement. Future collaboration between the health and building sectors is needed to develop a common language and an index for indoor heat and health thresholds in a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindy Anderson
- Extreme Events and Health Protection Section, London, UK.
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Okamoto-Mizuno K, Mizuno K. Effects of thermal environment on sleep and circadian rhythm. J Physiol Anthropol 2012; 31:14. [PMID: 22738673 PMCID: PMC3427038 DOI: 10.1186/1880-6805-31-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The thermal environment is one of the most important factors that can affect human sleep. The stereotypical effects of heat or cold exposure are increased wakefulness and decreased rapid eye movement sleep and slow wave sleep. These effects of the thermal environment on sleep stages are strongly linked to thermoregulation, which affects the mechanism regulating sleep. The effects on sleep stages also differ depending on the use of bedding and/or clothing. In semi-nude subjects, sleep stages are more affected by cold exposure than heat exposure. In real-life situations where bedding and clothing are used, heat exposure increases wakefulness and decreases slow wave sleep and rapid eye movement sleep. Humid heat exposure further increases thermal load during sleep and affects sleep stages and thermoregulation. On the other hand, cold exposure does not affect sleep stages, though the use of beddings and clothing during sleep is critical in supporting thermoregulation and sleep in cold exposure. However, cold exposure affects cardiac autonomic response during sleep without affecting sleep stages and subjective sensations. These results indicate that the impact of cold exposure may be greater than that of heat exposure in real-life situations; thus, further studies are warranted that consider the effect of cold exposure on sleep and other physiological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazue Okamoto-Mizuno
- Kansei Fukushi Research Center, Tohoku Fukushi University, 1-149-6 Kunimigaoka Aoba Sendai, Miyagi, 981-0935, Japan.
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Kawada T. Seasonal change of total sleep time and open air temperature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2010; 54:489. [PMID: 20372937 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-010-0314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2010] [Revised: 03/16/2010] [Accepted: 03/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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