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Wagels L, Habel U, Raine A, Clemens B. Neuroimaging, hormonal and genetic biomarkers for pathological aggression — success or failure? Curr Opin Behav Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Fritz M, Rösel F, Dobler H, Streb J, Dudeck M. Childhood Trauma, the Combination of MAO-A and COMT Genetic Polymorphisms and the Joy of Being Aggressive in Forensic Psychiatric Patients. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11081008. [PMID: 34439627 PMCID: PMC8392391 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11081008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggression and violent offenses are common amongst forensic psychiatric patients. Notably, research distinguishes two motivationally distinct dimension of aggression–instrumental and reactive aggression. Instrumental aggression comprises of appetitive, goal-directed aggressive acts, whereas reactive aggression consists of affective, defensive violence with both their biological basis remaining largely unknown. Childhood trauma and functional genetic polymorphisms in catecholamines converting enzymes, such as mono-amino-oxidase A (MAO-A) and catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) have been suggested to augment an aggressive behavioral response in adulthood. However, it warrants clarification if these factors influence one or both types of aggression. Furthermore, it remains elusive, if having a combination of unfavorable enzyme genotypes and childhood maltreatment further increases violent behavior. Hence, we set out to address these questions in the current study. First, analysis revealed an overall marginally increased frequency of the unfavorable MAO-A genotype in the test population. Second, each gene polymorphisms together with a traumatic childhood significantly increased the AFAS (Appetitive and Facilitative Aggression Scale) scores for both reactive and appetitive aggression. Third, having a combination of both disadvantageous genotypes and a negative childhood served as a minor positive predictor for increased reactive aggression, but had a strong influence on the joy of being aggressive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fritz
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-8221-96-2876; Fax: +49-8221-9628136
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Kõks G, Prans E, Ho XD, Duy BH, Tran HD, Ngo NB, Hoang LN, Tran HM, Bubb VJ, Quinn JP, Kõks S. Genetic interaction between two VNTRs in the MAOA gene is associated with the nicotine dependence. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:733-739. [PMID: 32241179 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220916888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT The present study combined the analysis of two transcriptional regulators, uVNTR and dVNTR, in the MAOA gene that is an enzyme responsible for the monoamine degradation and identified genetic interaction between these VNTRs in association with the nicotine dependence. The main impact is that when analyzing different populations in the genetic studies, the functionally meaningful variants should be combined rather than addressing individual elements separately (a mini polygenic risk score for a particular gene/locus). This combination is very rarely analyzed and therefore the study sets an example. Another impact is that we analyzed the genetic variability in the Asian population and therefore our data present a piece of information from underrepresented populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ele Prans
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Xuan D Ho
- Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City 530000, Vietnam
| | - Binh H Duy
- Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City 530000, Vietnam
| | - Ha Dt Tran
- Public Health Faculty, Danang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang City 550000, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Bt Ngo
- Public Health Faculty, Danang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang City 550000, Vietnam
| | - Linh Nn Hoang
- Public Health Faculty, Danang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang City 550000, Vietnam
| | - Hue Mt Tran
- Public Health Faculty, Danang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang City 550000, Vietnam
| | - Vivien J Bubb
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L693BX, UK
| | - John P Quinn
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L693BX, UK
| | - Sulev Kõks
- Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- The Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
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Marceau K, Rolan E, Leve LD, Ganiban JM, Reiss D, Shaw DS, Natsuaki M, Egger H, Neiderhiser JM. Parenting and prenatal risk as moderators of genetic influences on conduct problems during middle childhood. Dev Psychol 2019; 55:1164-1181. [PMID: 30843708 PMCID: PMC6533149 DOI: 10.1037/dev0000701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study examines interactions of heritable influences, prenatal substance use, and postnatal parental warmth and hostility on the development of conduct problems in middle childhood for boys and girls. Participants are 561 linked families, collected in 2 cohorts, including birth parents, adoptive parents, and adopted children. Heritable influences on internalizing and externalizing (including substance use) problems were derived from birth mothers' and fathers' symptoms, diagnoses, and age of onset from diagnostic interviews, and the proportion of first-degree relatives with the same type of problems. Smoking during pregnancy (SDP) and alcohol use during pregnancy were assessed retrospectively from birth mothers at 5 months postpartum. Earlier externalizing problems and parental warmth and hostility and were assessed at 1 assessment prior to the outcome (Cohort II: 4.5 years; Cohort I: 7 years). Conduct problems were symptoms from a diagnostic interview assessed at age 6 (Cohort II) or 8 (Cohort I). Findings from regression analyses suggest that (a) SDP plays an important role for the development of conduct problems, (b) some relatively well-accepted effects (e.g., parental hostility) were less important when simultaneously considering multiple factors influencing the development of conduct problems, and (c) main effects of genetic risk and SDP, and interactions among genetic risk and postnatal warmth, SDP and postnatal warmth, and genetic risk, SDP, and postnatal hostility for conduct problems were important for boys' but not girls' conduct problems. Replication is needed, but the current results provide preliminary but empirically grounded hypotheses for future research testing complex developmental models of conduct problems. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Marceau
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University
| | - Emily Rolan
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University
| | | | | | | | | | - Misaki Natsuaki
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside
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Wang CH, Ning QF, Liu C, Lv TT, Cong EZ, Gu JY, Zhang YL, Nie HY, Zhang XL, Li Y, Zhang XY, Su LY. Associations of serotonin transporter gene promoter polymorphisms and monoamine oxidase A gene polymorphisms with oppositional defiant disorder in a Chinese Han population. Behav Brain Funct 2018; 14:15. [PMID: 30126429 PMCID: PMC6102835 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-018-0147-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a behavioral disorder that mainly refers to a recurrent pattern of disobedient, defiant, negativistic and hostile behaviors toward authority figures. Previous studies have showed associations of serotonin transporter (5-HTT) and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) with behavioral and psychiatric disorders. The purposes of this study were to investigate the potential association of 5-HTT gene promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) and MAOA gene polymorphism with susceptibility to ODD in a Han Chinese school population. METHODS The 5-HTTLPR gene polymorphism and the MAOA gene polymorphism were genotyped in a case-control study of 257 Han Chinese children (123 ODD and 134 healthy controls). RESULTS There was significant difference in the allele distribution of 5-HTTLPR (χ2 = 7.849, P = 0.005) between the ODD and control groups. Further, there were significant differences in genotype (χ2 = 5.168, P = 0.023) and allele distributions (χ2 = 10.336, P = 0.001) of the MAOA gene polymorphism that is variable-number tandem repeat (MAOA-uVNTR) between two groups. Moreover, there were significant differences in genotype (χ2 = 4.624, P = 0.032) and allele distributions (χ2 = 9.248, P = 0.002) of MAOA-uVNTR only in the male ODD and healthy groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that 5-HTTLPR and MAOA-uVNTR gene variants may contribute to susceptibility to ODD. Further, MAOA-uVNTR gene polymorphism may play a role in susceptibility to ODD only in male children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hong Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University (Psychiatric Hospital of Henan Province China), Jianshe Road 388, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China.
| | - Qiu-Fen Ning
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University (Psychiatric Hospital of Henan Province China), Jianshe Road 388, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University (Psychiatric Hospital of Henan Province China), Jianshe Road 388, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - Ting-Ting Lv
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University (Psychiatric Hospital of Henan Province China), Jianshe Road 388, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - En-Zhao Cong
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University (Psychiatric Hospital of Henan Province China), Jianshe Road 388, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - Jing-Yang Gu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University (Psychiatric Hospital of Henan Province China), Jianshe Road 388, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - Ying-Li Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University (Psychiatric Hospital of Henan Province China), Jianshe Road 388, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - Hui-Yao Nie
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University (Psychiatric Hospital of Henan Province China), Jianshe Road 388, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University (Psychiatric Hospital of Henan Province China), Jianshe Road 388, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Child and Adolescent, Public Health College, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Road 100, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Houston Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Lin-Yan Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
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Wang M, Li H, Deater-Deckard K, Zhang W. Interacting Effect of Catechol- O-Methyltransferase ( COMT) and Monoamine Oxidase A ( MAOA) Gene Polymorphisms, and Stressful Life Events on Aggressive Behavior in Chinese Male Adolescents. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1079. [PMID: 30018578 PMCID: PMC6037980 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that both catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene have been involved in aggressive behavior, as have stressful life events (SLEs). However, most of available evidence was based upon single gene or single gene–environment design, which is limited in accounting for the variance of aggressive behavior, a complex phenotype. This study examined the possible gene × gene × environment interactions between SLE (interpersonal problems and academic pressure) and two genetic polymorphisms (MAOA T941G and COMT Ala22/72Ser) correlated with aggressive behaviors in a sample of 658 Chinese male adolescents. Mothers and teachers reported on adolescents’ aggressive behavior using Achenbach’s Child Behavior Checklist and Teacher Report Form, respectively. Adolescents completed Self-Rating Life Events Checklist. Saliva samples were collected for DNA analysis. The results revealed no main effects of MAOA T941G and COMT Ala22/72Ser polymorphisms on male adolescents’ aggressive behaviors. However, a two-way interactive effect of interpersonal problems and MAOA T941G genotype on teacher-reported aggressive behavior was observed: adolescents with lower activity of MAOA T allele, but not those with MAOA G allele, exhibited greater aggressive behavior with an increase in interpersonal problems. A three-way interaction among COMT Ala22/72Ser and MAOA T941G polymorphisms, and SLE in the academic pressure on aggressive behavior was also identified. Among adolescents with lower activity of COMT GT/TT genotype and MAOA T allele, the higher level of academic pressure was significantly linked with an amplification of aggressive behavior, whereas this association didn’t exist among those with other genotypes. The present study presents the first evidence of COMT × MAOA × SLE interaction effect on male adolescents’ aggressive behavior, highlights the importance of considering distinct domains of stressful events and information bias when examining the effect of MAOA and COMT on aggressive behavior, and thereby contributes to MAOA gene-aggression and COMT gene-aggression literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiping Wang
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Hailei Li
- Department of Business, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Kirby Deater-Deckard
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Abstract
Although emerging findings in psychiatric and behavioral genetics create hope for improved prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disorders, the introduction of such data as evidence in criminal and civil proceedings raises a host of ethical, legal, and social issues. Should behavioral and psychiatric genetic data be admissible in judicial proceedings? If so, what are the various means for obtaining such evidence, and for what purposes should its admission be sought and permitted? How could-and should-such evidence affect judicial outcomes in criminal and civil proceedings? And what are the potential implications of using behavioral and psychiatric genetic evidence for individuals and communities, and for societal values of equality and justice? This article provides an overview of the historical and current developments in behavioral genetics. We then explore the extent to which behavioral genetic evidence has-and should-affect determinations of criminal responsibility and sentencing, as well as the possible ramifications of introducing such evidence in civil courts, with a focus on tort litigation and child custody disputes. We also consider two ways in which behavioral genetic evidence may come to court in the future-through genetic theft or the subpoena of a litigant's biospecimen data that was previously obtained for clinical or research purposes-and the concerns that these possibilities raise. Finally, we highlight the need for caution and for approaches to prevent the misuse of behavioral genetic evidence in courts.
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Savoy C, Mathewson KJ, Schmidt LA, Morrison KM, Krzeczkowski JE, Van Lieshout RJ. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia in the fourth decade of life depends on birth weight and the DRD4 gene: Implications for understanding the development of emotion regulation. Dev Psychobiol 2017; 59:767-775. [PMID: 28727140 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The long allele of the DRD4 gene can confer different behavioral and emotional phenotypes depending upon environmental exposure, although the physiological changes underlying these phenotypes are not fully known. We sought to extend this work by assessing the interaction of the DRD4 gene and exposure to perinatal adversity (indexed by extremely low birth weight [ELBW]) on resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), a neurophysiological measure of emotion regulation, in adulthood. METHODS We examined the interaction between the DRD4 gene and perinatal adversity on RSA at age 30-35 in a longitudinal cohort of ELBW survivors (n = 49) and NBW controls (n = 63). Buccal DNA samples were genotyped for short and long carriers of the exon III DRD4 VNTR gene. Resting RSA was assessed by electrocardiogram. RESULTS We report an interaction between birth weight status and DRD4 gene (F = 9.42, p = 0.003) in predicting RSA, such that DRD4 long carriers had the highest and lowest resting RSA depending on whether they were born NBW or ELBW, respectively. DRD4 short carriers were less sensitive to birth weight. Additionally, reduced RSA was correlated with a history of major depressive disorder, suggesting it was a reliable index of emotion dysregulation. DISCUSSION These results suggest that the perinatal environment influences autonomic nervous system functioning in individuals with genotypes that confer additional sensitivity. Whether the long-term autonomic outcomes of this environmental sensitivity are beneficial or detrimental appears to depend on the quality of the early life environment, and may influence the development of emotion regulatory and psychiatric problems in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calan Savoy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario
| | - Karen J Mathewson
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behavior, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario
| | - Louis A Schmidt
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behavior, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario
| | | | - John E Krzeczkowski
- Department of Health Sciences, Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario
| | - Ryan J Van Lieshout
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario
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Massey SH, Hatcher AE, Clark CAC, Burns JL, Pine DS, Skol AD, Mroczek DK, Espy KA, Goldman D, Cook E, Wakschlag LS. Does MAOA increase susceptibility to prenatal stress in young children? Neurotoxicol Teratol 2017; 61:82-91. [PMID: 28163169 PMCID: PMC5453809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously demonstrated a gene-by-prenatal-environment interaction whereby the monoamine oxidase A gene (MAOA) modified the impact of prenatal tobacco exposure (PTE) on adolescent disruptive behavior (DB), with the MAOA risk genotype varying by sex. We extend this work by examining whether this mechanism is evident with another common adversity, prenatal stress exposure (PSE), and whether sex differences are present earlier in development in closer proximity to exposure. METHODS Participants were 281 mothers and their 285 children derived from a prenatal cohort with in-depth prospective measures of PSE and PTE. We assessed DB at age 5 via dimensional developmentally-sensitive measurement. Analyses were stratified by sex based on prior evidence for sex differences. RESULTS Concurrent stress exposure predicted DB in children (β=0.310, p=0.001), while main effects of prenatal exposures were seen only in boys. We found a three-way interaction of MAOA×PSE×sex on DB (β=0.813, p=0.022). Boys with MAOA-H had more DB as a function of PSE, controlling for PTE (β=0.774, p=0.015), and as a function of PTE, controlling for PSE (β=0.362, p=0.037). Boys with MAOA-L did not show this susceptibility. MAOA did not interact with PSE (β=-0.133, p=0.561) nor PTE (β=-0.144; p=0.505) in predicting DB in girls. Examination of gene-environment correlation (rGE) showed a correlation between paternal MAOA-L and daughters' concurrent stress exposure (r=-0.240, p=0.013). DISCUSSION Findings underscore complex mechanisms linking genetic susceptibility and early adverse exposures. Replication in larger cohorts followed from the pregnancy through adolescence is suggested to elucidate mechanisms that appear to have varying developmental expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suena H Massey
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N Saint Clair, 19(th) Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Amalia E Hatcher
- Institute for Juvenile Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1747 West Roosevelt Road, Chicago, IL 60608, USA.
| | - Caron A C Clark
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1503 E University Blvd., P.O.Box 210068, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
| | - James L Burns
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Daniel S Pine
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, NIMH Intramural Research Program, 15K North Drive, MSC-2670, Bethesda, MD 20892-2670, USA.
| | - Andrew D Skol
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 900 E. 57th St, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Daniel K Mroczek
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N Saint Clair, 19(th) Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Swift Hall 102, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL60208, USA.
| | - Kimberly A Espy
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1503 E University Blvd., P.O.Box 210068, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Office for Research & Economic Development, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA.
| | - David Goldman
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, NIAAA Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Room 3S-32:MSC 9412, Bethesda, MD 20892-9412, USA.
| | - Edwin Cook
- Institute for Juvenile Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1747 West Roosevelt Road, Chicago, IL 60608, USA.
| | - Lauren S Wakschlag
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, 2040 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, 633 N Saint Clair, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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