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Kokoti M, Zisis V, Andreadis D, Bakopoulou A. Multidisciplinary Therapeutic Approach of a Patient With Sjogren's Syndrome: A Three-Year Follow-Up Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e55148. [PMID: 38558652 PMCID: PMC10979817 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome is a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disorder characterized by lymphocyte infiltration of the exocrine glands. Notably, the rehabilitation of partially edentulous patients with Sjögren's syndrome is limited by the scarce availability of studies that could inform therapeutic modalities and potential challenges during clinical procedures. This case report aimed to present the oral rehabilitation of a patient with Sjögren's syndrome who received fixed partial dentures (FPDs). A 28-year-old female patient sought treatment to restore her missing teeth. She was diagnosed with Sjögren's syndrome by a rheumatologist adhering to the revised version of the European criteria proposed by the American-European Consensus Group and was on a medication regimen including prednisolone, hydroxychloroquine, pantoprazole, pilocarpine, and tear substitutes to manage her condition. The final treatment plan consisted of extractions, management of gingivitis, post-and-core restorations, and a 2 mm vertical dimension increase with the placement of 15 porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crowns and 4 short-span bridges. The patient underwent regular clinical and radiographic evaluations every 3 months since June 2020. Throughout this period, the fixed prostheses, teeth, and periodontal tissues demonstrated remarkable stability and exhibited no complications. This three-year case study provides evidence that meticulous planning and clinical execution can facilitate successful oral rehabilitation in young edentulous patients with Sjögren's syndrome. Tooth-supported fixed prostheses can effectively restore oral function and aesthetic appeal in these individuals, provided they undergo more frequent dental examinations than the general population and maintain a cooperative attitude throughout the treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kokoti
- Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC
| | - Vasileios Zisis
- Oral Medicine/Pathology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC
| | - Dimitrios Andreadis
- Oral Medicine/Pathology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC
| | - Athina Bakopoulou
- Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC
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2
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Deng C, Xiao Q, Fei Y. A Glimpse Into the Microbiome of Sjögren’s Syndrome. Front Immunol 2022; 13:918619. [PMID: 35911741 PMCID: PMC9329934 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.918619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a common chronic systemic autoimmune disease and its main characteristic is lymphoid infiltration of the exocrine glands, particularly the salivary and lacrimal glands, leading to sicca symptoms of the mouth and eyes. Growing evidence has shown that SS is also characterized by microbial perturbations like other autoimmune diseases. Significant alterations in diversity, composition, and function of the microbiota were observed in SS. The dysbiosis of the microbiome correlates with worse symptoms and higher disease severity, suggesting that dysbiosis may be of great importance in the pathogenesis of SS. In this review, we provide a general view of recent studies describing the microbiota alterations of SS, the possible pathways that may cause microbiota dysbiosis to trigger SS, and the existence of the gut-ocular/gut-oral axis in SS.
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3
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Doaré E, Héry-Arnaud G, Devauchelle-Pensec V, Alegria GC. Healthy Patients Are Not the Best Controls for Microbiome-Based Clinical Studies: Example of Sjögren's Syndrome in a Systematic Review. Front Immunol 2021; 12:699011. [PMID: 34394092 PMCID: PMC8358393 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.699011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction It has been hypothesized that gut and oral dysbiosis may contribute to the development of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). The aim of this systematic review was to assemble available data regarding the oral and gut microbiota in pSS and to compare them to data from healthy individuals and patients with dry symptoms without a diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome or lupus disease to identify dysbiosis and discuss the results. Methodology Using the PRISMA guidelines, we systematically reviewed studies that compared the oral and gut microbiota of Sjögren's patients and controls. The PubMed database and Google Scholar were searched. Results Two-hundred and eighty-nine studies were found, and 18 studies were included: 13 referred to the oral microbiota, 4 referred to the gut microbiota, and 1 referred to both anatomical sites. The most frequent controls were healthy volunteers and patients with sicca symptoms. The most common analysis method used was 16S-targeted metagenomics. The results were mostly heterogeneous, and the results regarding diversity were not always in accordance. Dysbiosis in pSS was not confirmed, and reduced salivary secretion seems to explain more microbial changes than the underlying disease. Conclusion These heterogeneous results might be explained by the lack of a standardized methodology at each step of the process and highlight the need for guidelines. Our review provides evidence that sicca patients seem to be more relevant than healthy subjects as a control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Doaré
- Rheumatology Department, Reference Centre of Rare Autoimmune Diseases, Cavale Blanche Hospital and Brest University, INSERM UMR 1227, Brest, France
| | - Geneviève Héry-Arnaud
- UMR1078, Génétique, Génomique Fonctionnelle Et Biotechnologies, INSERM, Université de Brest, EFS, IBSAM, Brest, France.,Centre Brestois d'Analyse du Microbiote, Hôpital La Cavale Blanche, CHRU de Brest, Brest, France
| | - Valérie Devauchelle-Pensec
- Rheumatology Department, Reference Centre of Rare Autoimmune Diseases, Cavale Blanche Hospital and Brest University, INSERM UMR 1227, Brest, France
| | - Guillermo Carvajal Alegria
- Rheumatology Department, Reference Centre of Rare Autoimmune Diseases, Cavale Blanche Hospital and Brest University, INSERM UMR 1227, Brest, France
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4
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Bellando-Randone S, Russo E, Venerito V, Matucci-Cerinic M, Iannone F, Tangaro S, Amedei A. Exploring the Oral Microbiome in Rheumatic Diseases, State of Art and Future Prospective in Personalized Medicine with an AI Approach. J Pers Med 2021; 11:625. [PMID: 34209167 PMCID: PMC8306274 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11070625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral microbiome is receiving growing interest from the scientific community, as the mouth is the gateway for numerous potential etiopathogenetic factors in different diseases. In addition, the progression of niches from the mouth to the gut, defined as "oral-gut microbiome axis", affects several pathologies, as rheumatic diseases. Notably, rheumatic disorders (RDs) are conditions causing chronic, often intermittent pain affecting the joints or connective tissue. In this review, we examine evidence which supports a role for the oral microbiome in the etiology and progression of various RDs, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjogren's syndrome (SS), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In addition, we address the most recent studies endorsing the oral microbiome as promising diagnostic biomarkers for RDs. Lastly, we introduce the concepts of artificial intelligence (AI), in particular, machine learning (ML) and their general application for understanding the link between oral microbiota and rheumatic diseases, speculating the application of a possible AI approach-based that can be applied to personalized medicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bellando-Randone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (S.B.-R.); (E.R.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Edda Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (S.B.-R.); (E.R.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Vincenzo Venerito
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (V.V.); (F.I.)
| | - Marco Matucci-Cerinic
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (S.B.-R.); (E.R.); (M.M.-C.)
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Florenzo Iannone
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (V.V.); (F.I.)
| | - Sabina Tangaro
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica “M. Merlin”, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (S.B.-R.); (E.R.); (M.M.-C.)
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5
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Singh M, Teles F, Uzel NG, Papas A. Characterizing Microbiota from Sjögren's Syndrome Patients. JDR Clin Trans Res 2020; 6:324-332. [PMID: 32689841 DOI: 10.1177/2380084420940623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the oral microbiota of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) with that of healthy subjects (HS). METHODS Supragingival and subgingival biofilm samples were collected from the mesial-buccal tooth surfaces of SS patients (n = 57) and age- and sex-matched HS (n = 53). Unstimulated saliva and 8 oral tissue samples were taken using a buccal brush. Caries and periodontal measures were recorded. All supragingival samples and a subgroup of 24 SS and 28 HS subgingival samples, as well as 32 SS and 11 HS saliva and oral tissue samples, were analyzed for their content of 41 bacterial species using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. Mean levels (×105 ± SEM) and percentage of DNA probe counts of each species were determined for each sample site and averaged within subjects in the 2 clinical groups. Kruskal-Wallis tests, adjusting for multiple comparisons and cluster analysis, were used for soft tissue and microbial analysis, and the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare caries and periodontal measures. RESULTS Mean (×105 ± SEM) total DNA probe counts in supragingival samples were significantly lower (P < 0.001) in the SS (13.3 ± .7) compared to the HS (44.1 ± 6.8) group. In supragingival samples, Veillonella parvula, Fusobacterium nucleatum ss vincenti, and Propionibacterium acnes were markedly elevated in the SS compared to the HS group in both mean (×105 ± SEM) and mean (± SEM) percentage DNA probe counts (P < 0.001). In subgingival samples of SS, V. parvula was significantly different compared to HS (P < 0.05). SS was characterized by high levels of purple and low levels of orange and red complexes. Cluster analysis of oral tissues and saliva demonstrated that the mean microbial profiles for SS patients and the HS group clustered separately. Active root caries (P < 0.003) and attachment loss were significantly higher (P < 0.029) in the SS group compared to the HS group. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that saliva is a major controlling factor of intraoral biofilm. V. parvula may be a unique microbial biomarker for Sjögren's syndrome. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT The microbiome characterized for Sjögren's syndrome in salivary hypofunction is shown to be under stress and reduced. Veillonella parvula can be a possible identification of a biomarker for Sjögren's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Singh
- Division of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - F Teles
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - N G Uzel
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Papas
- Division of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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6
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Kamal Y, Kandil M, Eissa M, Yousef R, Elsaadany B. Probiotics as a prophylaxis to prevent oral candidiasis in patients with Sjogren's syndrome: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. Rheumatol Int 2020; 40:873-879. [PMID: 32219478 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-020-04558-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Patients with Sjögren's syndrome are at a higher risk to develop oral candidiasis than the general population. As antifungals have many side-effects, new approaches are needed to address this problem. This randomized controlled study aimed to evaluate the short-term efficacy of probiotics in the reduction of oral candidal growth in patients with SS. Thirty-two Sjogren's syndrome patients were randomly allocated in two groups receiving either Probiotics or placebo capsules twice a day for 5 weeks. The strains included in the probiotic capsule were Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus and Bifidobacteriumbifidum. Oral rinse solution samples were collected and candidal levels were determined (CFU/mL) at baseline and after the 5-week experimental period. Pain, erythema and angular cheilitis were also assessed at baseline and after 2, 4 and 5-week. In the probiotic group, there was a statistically significant reduction of the candidal load from baseline to the 5th week respectively. However, the change in candidal load at the same time in the placebo group was not statistically significant. The tested probiotic product may represent an unconventional method to reduce candidal colonization, to prevent oral candidosis in patients with Sjogren's syndrome.Clinical trials registration ID NCT03840538 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT03840538).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Kamal
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud Kandil
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mervat Eissa
- Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham Yousef
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Basma Elsaadany
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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7
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Sharma D, Sandhya P, Vellarikkal SK, Surin AK, Jayarajan R, Verma A, Kumar A, Ravi R, Danda D, Sivasubbu S, Scaria V. Saliva microbiome in primary Sjögren's syndrome reveals distinct set of disease-associated microbes. Oral Dis 2020; 26:295-301. [PMID: 31514257 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study systematically aims to evaluate the salivary microbiome in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) using 16S rRNA sequencing approach. METHODS DNA isolation and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed on saliva of 37 pSS and 35 control (CC) samples on HiSeq 2500 platform. 16S rRNA sequence analysis was performed independently using two popular computational pipelines, QIIME and less operational taxonomic units scripts (LoTuS). RESULTS There were no significant changes in the alpha diversity between saliva of patients and controls. However, four genera including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Dialister and Leptotrichia were found to be differential between the two sets, and common between both QIIME and LoTuS analysis pipelines (Fold change of 2 and p < .05). Bifidobacterium, Dialister and Lactobacillus were found to be enriched, while Leptotrichia was significantly depleted in pSS compared to the controls. Exploration of microbial diversity measures (Chao1, observed species and Shannon index) revealed a significant increase in the diversity in patients with renal tubular acidosis. An opposite trend was noted, with depletion of diversity in patients with steroids. CONCLUSION Our analysis suggests that while no significant changes in the diversity of the salivary microbiome could be observed in Sjögren's syndrome compared to the controls, a set of four genera were significantly and consistently differential in the saliva of patients with pSS. Additionally, a difference in alpha diversity in patients with renal tubular acidosis and those on steroids was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Disha Sharma
- Informatics and Big Data, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), New Delhi, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IGIB, New Delhi, India
| | - Pulukool Sandhya
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Shamsudheen Karuthedath Vellarikkal
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IGIB, New Delhi, India.,Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajit Kumar Surin
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Rijith Jayarajan
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankit Verma
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Anoop Kumar
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Rowmika Ravi
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Debashish Danda
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Sridhar Sivasubbu
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IGIB, New Delhi, India.,Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Vinod Scaria
- Informatics and Big Data, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), New Delhi, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IGIB, New Delhi, India
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8
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Sembler-Møller ML, Belstrøm D, Locht H, Enevold C, Pedersen AML. Next-generation sequencing of whole saliva from patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome and non-Sjögren's sicca reveals comparable salivary microbiota. J Oral Microbiol 2019; 11:1660566. [PMID: 31497258 PMCID: PMC6720018 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2019.1660566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective:
To characterize and compare the salivary microbiota in patients with pSS and patients with non-Sjögren’s-related sicca, and to relate the findings to their oral health status and saliva flow rates. Methods:
Twenty-four patients fulfilled the 2016 classification criteria for pSS and 34 did not (non-pSS). A clinical examination included registration of decayed, missing and filled teeth/-surfaces and collection of whole saliva. The microbiota was characterized using next-generation sequencing of the V1–V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Data were annotated against the eHOMD database. Results:
A total of 509 different bacterial taxa were identified. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups with regard to the abundance of predominant genera, bacterial diversity and relative abundance on the genus or species level. The two groups did not differ with regard to general health, including intake of xerogenic medication and polypharmacy, oral health status or unstimulated and stimulated whole saliva flow rates. Conclusion: The salivary microbiota and oral health status, as well as salivary flow rate in patients with pSS resemble that of non-pSS patients. Our findings indicate that changes in the salivary microbiota do not appear to be determined by the disease entity pSS itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lynn Sembler-Møller
- Section for Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Belstrøm
- Section for Periodontology and Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henning Locht
- Department of Rheumatology, Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Enevold
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Marie Lynge Pedersen
- Section for Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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9
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Palmer RJ, Cotton SL, Kokaras AS, Gardner P, Grisius M, Pelayo E, Warner B, Paster BJ, Alevizos I. Analysis of oral bacterial communities: comparison of HOMI NGS with a tree-based approach implemented in QIIME. J Oral Microbiol 2019; 11:1586413. [PMID: 30988892 PMCID: PMC6450576 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2019.1586413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Molecular taxonomic assignments in oral microbial communities have been made using probe-matching approaches, but never compared to those obtained by more readily accepted tree-based approaches. Objective: To compare community composition profiles obtained from a probe-matching approach (HOMINGS) to those from a closed-ended tree-based approach (QIIME using the eHOMD database). Design: HOMINGS and QIIME were used for parallel analysis of ten mock community samples, and of 119 supragingival plaque samples from ecologically unique sites (sound tooth surfaces in healthy subjects, sound tooth surfaces in patients with primary Sjögren’s Syndrome, and carious lesions in Sjögren’s Syndrome patients). Linear discriminant analysis Effective Size (LEfSe) was used to identify discriminating taxa among the natural plaque samples. Results: Community composition profiles of all samples were congruent between the two analysis aproaches. Alpha and beta diversity of the natural plaque communities were likewise similar. Communities from pSS patients and those from individuals with normal salivary flow differed in alpha and beta diversity. Both classification approaches yielded differences in composition predicted for samples from these subject cohorts, and discriminating taxa were similar between approaches. Conclusions: A direct comparison demonstrates that HOMINGS is largely equivalent to the tree-based approach as implemented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Palmer
- Oral Immunity and Inflammation Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sean L Cotton
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alexis S Kokaras
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Pamela Gardner
- Sjögren's Syndrome Clinic, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Margaret Grisius
- Sjögren's Syndrome Clinic, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eileen Pelayo
- Sjögren's Syndrome Clinic, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Blake Warner
- Sjögren's Syndrome Clinic, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,AAV Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bruce J Paster
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ilias Alevizos
- Sjögren's Syndrome Clinic, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Salivary Gland Dysfunction Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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10
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Zhou Z, Ling G, Ding N, Xun Z, Zhu C, Hua H, Chen X. Molecular analysis of oral microflora in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome by using high-throughput sequencing. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5649. [PMID: 30280027 PMCID: PMC6166617 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this study was to characterize the oral microflora profile of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients, thereby revealing the connection between oral bacterial composition and dental caries, and to identify the "core microbiome" in the oral cavities of pSS patients and systemic healthy individuals by using a high-throughput sequencing technique. Methods Twenty-two pSS patients and 23 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Their clinical data and oral rinse samples were collected. The V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene of samples were amplified and analyzed by high-throughput sequencing on the Illumina Miseq PE300 platform. Results Both two groups were age- and sex-matched. There were significantly higher decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) and decayed, missing and filled surfaces (DMFS) in the pSS group than in the control group (p < 0.01). Alpha diversity was depleted in pSS patients, compared with healthy controls (p < 0.01), while beta diversity between the two groups was not significantly different. Seven discriminative genera (LDA > 4) were found between the two groups in LEfSe (LDA Effect Size) analysis. The relative abundance of Veillonella in pSS patients was fourfold higher, while Actinomyces, Haemophilus, Neisseria, Rothia, Porphyromonas and Peptostreptococcus were significantly lower in pSS patients than in healthy controls. However, the correlation between Veillonella and DMFT/DMFS was not significant (p > 0.05). In Venn diagram analysis, nine genera shared by all samples of two groups, which comprised 71.88% and 67.64% in pSS patients and controls, respectively. Discussion These findings indicate a microbial dysbiosis in pSS patients; notably, Veillonella might be recognized as a biomarker in pSS patients. The core microbiome in pSS patients was similar to the systemic healthy population. These provide insight regarding advanced microbial prevention and treatment of severe dental caries in pSS patients. This study also provides basic data regarding microbiology in pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifang Zhou
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Ling
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Ding
- The 3rd Dental Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Xun
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ce Zhu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Hua
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochi Chen
- Department of Oral Biology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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11
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Medeiros CCG, dos Anjos Borges LG, Cherubini K, Salum FG, Medina da Silva R, de Figueiredo MAZ. Oral yeast colonization in patients with primary and secondary Sjögren's syndrome. Oral Dis 2018; 24:1367-1378. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges
- Geobiology Laboratory; Institute of Petroleum and Natural Resources; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Karen Cherubini
- Department of Oral Medicine; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Fernanda Gonçalves Salum
- Department of Oral Medicine; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Renata Medina da Silva
- Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory; Biosciences School; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
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12
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Lira-Junior R, Åkerman S, Klinge B, Boström EA, Gustafsson A. Salivary microbial profiles in relation to age, periodontal, and systemic diseases. PLoS One 2018. [PMID: 29538390 PMCID: PMC5851536 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Analysis of saliva is emerging as a promising tool to diagnose and monitor diseases which makes determination of the salivary microbial profile in different scenarios essential. Objective To evaluate the effects of age, periodontal disease, sex, smoking, and medical conditions on the salivary microbial profile. Design A randomly selected sample of 441 individuals was enrolled (51% women; mean age 48.5±16.8). Participants answered a health questionnaire and underwent an oral examination. Stimulated saliva was collected and the counts of 41 bacteria were determined by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. Results Elderly participants (> 64 years old) presented a significant increase in 24 out of 41 bacterial species compared to adults (≤ 64 years old). Eubacterium nodatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Tannerella forsythia were significantly higher in participants with generalized bone loss compared to without. Males and non-smokers had higher bacteria counts in saliva. Individuals having mental disorders or muscle and joint diseases showed significantly altered microbial profiles whereas small or no differences were found for subjects with high blood pressure, heart disease, previous heart surgery, bowel disease, tumors, or diabetes. Conclusion Age, periodontal status, sex, smoking, and certain medical conditions namely, mental disorders and muscle and joint diseases, might affect the microbial profile in saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo Lira-Junior
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Diseases, Stockholm, Sweden
- Rio de Janeiro State University, Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sigvard Åkerman
- Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology, Department of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Björn Klinge
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Diseases, Stockholm, Sweden
- Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth A. Boström
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Diseases, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Anders Gustafsson
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Diseases, Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Proctor DM, Fukuyama JA, Loomer PM, Armitage GC, Lee SA, Davis NM, Ryder MI, Holmes SP, Relman DA. A spatial gradient of bacterial diversity in the human oral cavity shaped by salivary flow. Nat Commun 2018; 9:681. [PMID: 29445174 PMCID: PMC5813034 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-02900-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial and temporal patterns in microbial communities provide insights into the forces that shape them, their functions and roles in health and disease. Here, we used spatial and ecological statistics to analyze the role that saliva plays in structuring bacterial communities of the human mouth using >9000 dental and mucosal samples. We show that regardless of tissue type (teeth, alveolar mucosa, keratinized gingiva, or buccal mucosa), surface-associated bacterial communities vary along an ecological gradient from the front to the back of the mouth, and that on exposed tooth surfaces, the gradient is pronounced on lingual compared to buccal surfaces. Furthermore, our data suggest that this gradient is attenuated in individuals with low salivary flow due to Sjögren's syndrome. Taken together, our findings imply that salivary flow influences the spatial organization of microbial communities and that biogeographical patterns may be useful for understanding host physiological processes and for predicting disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Proctor
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Infectious Diseases Section, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.,Division of Periodontology, University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Julia A Fukuyama
- Department of Computational Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Peter M Loomer
- Division of Periodontology, University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.,Ashman's Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Gary C Armitage
- Division of Periodontology, University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Stacey A Lee
- Division of Periodontology, University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Nicole M Davis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Mark I Ryder
- Division of Periodontology, University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Susan P Holmes
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - David A Relman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Infectious Diseases Section, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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14
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Dental implants in Sjögren's syndrome patients: A systematic review. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189507. [PMID: 29240793 PMCID: PMC5730117 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects salivation and consequently the health of oral tissues. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the implant survival rate, marginal bone loss (MBL) and biological complications of dental implants in SS patients. Materials and methods Eligibility criteria included prospective and retrospective cohort studies, controlled clinical trials, and randomized clinical trials (RCTs). An electronic search without date or language restrictions was carried out in MEDLINE, Cochrane, Web of Science, and LILACS until June 2017. In addition, manual search and in the grey literature were also conducted. The search process, data analysis, and quality assessment were performed by two independent reviewing authors. The protocol of this systematic review was registered in PROSPERO under number CRD42016053277. Results The search and selection process yielded 6 studies, published between 1997 and 2016. An average of 93.7% survival in a mean period of 3.97 years of follow-up was observed. A low number of MBL and biological complications were reported by the studies. All the studies analyzed observed an improvement in life quality of subjects with SS and rehabilitated through dental implants. Conclusions With the limitations of this review and based on the available data, the dental implant therapy in SS patients seems to present high implant survival rate, low MBL and low biological complications. In addition, all included studies observed an increase in the quality of life of SS patients who were rehabilitated through dental implants.
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15
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Köhling HL, Plummer SF, Marchesi JR, Davidge KS, Ludgate M. The microbiota and autoimmunity: Their role in thyroid autoimmune diseases. Clin Immunol 2017; 183:63-74. [PMID: 28689782 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since the 1970s, the role of infectious diseases in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease (GD) has been an object of intensive research. The last decade has witnessed many studies on Yersinia enterocolitica, Helicobacter pylori and other bacterial organisms and their potential impact on GD. Retrospective, prospective and molecular binding studies have been performed with contrary outcomes. Until now it is not clear whether bacterial infections can trigger autoimmune thyroid disease. Common risk factors for GD (gender, smoking, stress, and pregnancy) reveal profound changes in the bacterial communities of the gut compared to that of healthy controls but a pathogenetic link between GD and dysbiosis has not yet been fully elucidated. Conventional bacterial culture, in vitro models, next generation and high-throughput DNA sequencing are applicable methods to assess the impact of bacteria in disease onset and development. Further studies on the involvement of bacteria in GD are needed and may contribute to the understanding of pathogenetic processes. This review will examine available evidence on the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedda L Köhling
- University Hopital Essen, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Essen, Germany; Cultech Ltd., Baglan, Port Talbot, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Julian R Marchesi
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Centre for Digestive and Gut Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, United Kingdom
| | | | - Marian Ludgate
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Koch CD, Gladwin MT, Freeman BA, Lundberg JO, Weitzberg E, Morris A. Enterosalivary nitrate metabolism and the microbiome: Intersection of microbial metabolism, nitric oxide and diet in cardiac and pulmonary vascular health. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 105:48-67. [PMID: 27989792 PMCID: PMC5401802 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent insights into the bioactivation and signaling actions of inorganic, dietary nitrate and nitrite now suggest a critical role for the microbiome in the development of cardiac and pulmonary vascular diseases. Once thought to be the inert, end-products of endothelial-derived nitric oxide (NO) heme-oxidation, nitrate and nitrite are now considered major sources of exogenous NO that exhibit enhanced vasoactive signaling activity under conditions of hypoxia and stress. The bioavailability of nitrate and nitrite depend on the enzymatic reduction of nitrate to nitrite by a unique set of bacterial nitrate reductase enzymes possessed by specific bacterial populations in the mammalian mouth and gut. The pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH), obesity, hypertension and CVD are linked to defects in NO signaling, suggesting a role for commensal oral bacteria to shape the development of PH through the formation of nitrite, NO and other bioactive nitrogen oxides. Oral supplementation with inorganic nitrate or nitrate-containing foods exert pleiotropic, beneficial vascular effects in the setting of inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, ischemia-reperfusion injury and in pre-clinical models of PH, while traditional high-nitrate dietary patterns are associated with beneficial outcomes in hypertension, obesity and CVD. These observations highlight the potential of the microbiome in the development of novel nitrate- and nitrite-based therapeutics for PH, CVD and their risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl D Koch
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Mark T Gladwin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA 15261, USA
| | - Bruce A Freeman
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA 15261, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jon O Lundberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eddie Weitzberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alison Morris
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA 15261, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
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Is it Sjögren's syndrome or burning mouth syndrome? Distinct pathoses with similar oral symptoms. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2017; 123:482-495. [PMID: 28283095 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and burning mouth syndrome (BMS) typically occur in postmenopausal women. Although these conditions have significantly different etiopathogeneses, patients with SS or BMS often present with analogous oral complaints. The similarities between the two conditions have led to considerable confusion on the part of medical and dental practitioners, and those with BMS or SS often wait years to receive a diagnosis. Therefore, it is imperative for clinicians to understand the characteristic subjective and objective features of each disease and how these can be used to distinguish them. This review will discuss the proposed etiology, clinical manifestations, histopathology, diagnostic criteria, and patient management of SS and BMS. We also identify key differences between the two pathoses that aid in establishing the correct diagnosis. Recognition of the defining features of each condition will lead to reduced time to diagnosis and improved patient management for these poorly understood conditions.
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18
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Shimazaki Y, Fu B, Yonemoto K, Akifusa S, Shibata Y, Takeshita T, Ninomiya T, Kiyohara Y, Yamashita Y. Stimulated salivary flow rate and oral health status. J Oral Sci 2016; 59:55-62. [PMID: 28049967 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.16-0372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between stimulated salivary flow rate and oral health status in an adult population. Multinomial multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations of salivary flow rate with dental caries status and periodontal status at the individual level among 2,110 Japanese adults with ≥10 teeth. Then, a spline model was used to examine the nonlinear relationship between salivary flow rate and teeth with dental caries or periodontal disease in multilevel analysis. Odds ratios were calculated for a 1.0-mL/min reduction in salivary flow rate at a point. After adjusting for confounding variables, participants with a flow rate ≤3.5 mL/min had significantly higher odds ratios for high caries status, and participants with a flow rate ≤1.4 mL/min had a higher odds ratio for broad periodontal disease, than did those with a flow rate >3.5 mL/min. In spline models, the odds ratio for teeth with dental caries or periodontal disease increased with reduced saliva secretion. The present findings suggest that decreased saliva secretion affects both dental caries and general periodontal health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Shimazaki
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University
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19
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The role of the gastrointestinal tract in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2016; 30:889-900. [PMID: 27964794 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the intestinal epithelial barrier in genetically susceptible individuals may lead to both intestinal and extraintestinal autoimmune disorders. There is emerging literature on the role of microbiota changes in the pathogenesis of systemic rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthropathies, and connective tissue diseases. Although the role of the gastrointestinal tract in the pathogenesis of spondyloartropathies is well defined and many studies underline the importance of gastrointestinal inflammation in modulating local and systemic inflammation, the data are inconclusive regarding the effect of dysbiosis on rheumatoid arthritis and connective tissue diseases. This review aims to summarize current data on the role of the gastrointestinal involvement and intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of systemic rheumatic disease.
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20
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Coit P, Sawalha AH. The human microbiome in rheumatic autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive review. Clin Immunol 2016; 170:70-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Li M, Zou Y, Jiang Q, Jiang L, Yu Q, Ding X, Yu Y. A preliminary study of the oral microbiota in Chinese patients with Sjögren's syndrome. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 70:143-148. [PMID: 27351333 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the oral microbiota in Sjögren's syndrome (SS) as opposed to that of healthy subjects. STUDY DESIGN Ten patients with primary SS, [6 patients daily taking stable dosage of hydroxychloroquine (HC) and 4 patients taking hydroxychloroquine combined with Prednisone acetas (HC+PA)], along with 10 age-matched healthy controls were examined in regard of number of teeth, stimulated/unstimulated saliva secretion rate. Microflora on bilateral buccal mucosa was analyzed by high throughput sequencing. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi-square test, t test and Mann-Whitney U test. The Venn diagrams and Redundancy Analysis (RDA) were also used to evaluate effects of the disease and treatment on the bacterial community composition. RESULTS The relative abundance of Proteobacteria in SS group was lower compared to controls (P=0.002). The total richness of genera for all groups was 339. The numbers of genera in SS group and in control group were 248 and 270, respectively. Some taxa with different prevalence and/or relative abundance were found between two groups. CONCLUSIONS SS affects the oral microbiota and SS patients carry a different and less diverse microorganism community compared with healthy subjects. Prednisone acetas is an influence on the oral microbiome. This study provides a basic data on the oral flora in SS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoran Li
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, 111 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Zou
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, 111 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, 111 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lindi Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, 111 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, 111 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaojun Ding
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, 111 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Youcheng Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, 111 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Albrecht K, Callhoff J, Westhoff G, Dietrich T, Dörner T, Zink A. The Prevalence of Dental Implants and Related Factors in Patients with Sjögren Syndrome: Results from a Cohort Study. J Rheumatol 2016; 43:1380-5. [PMID: 27134257 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.151167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate prevalence and patient-reported outcomes of dental implants in patients with Sjögren syndrome (SS). METHODS A total of 205 female patients from an observational cohort study answered oral health questionnaires about periodontal signs and symptoms, dentures, dental implants, comorbidities, and therapies that may interfere with bone remodeling. Data were compared with the reports of 87 female healthy controls. RESULTS The patients were older than the controls (58 ± 12 and 54 ± 14 yrs, respectively) and differed substantially in the prevalence of self-reported gingivitis (60% and 35%), self-reported periodontitis (19% and 8%), and in the numbers of remaining teeth (21 ± 7 and 24 ± 5). Patients more frequently had removable prostheses (36% compared with 23%) and dental implants (16% compared with 7%). The 32 patients with SS with dental implants had a mean number of 3.1 ± 2.0 implants. Notably, for patients with implants, their oldest existing implant survived for a mean period of 4.9 ± 5.4 years. A total of 5 of 104 (4.8%) implants in the patients and none of the 14 implants in the controls had to be removed. A total of 75% of the patients were highly satisfied with the implants and 97% would recommend them to other patients with SS. CONCLUSION A substantial portion of patients with SS have dental complications and require subsequent implants. The majority were satisfied with the implants and would recommend them to other patients. The high implant survival rate may encourage patients, rheumatologists, and dentists to consider dental implants for the treatment of patients with SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katinka Albrecht
- From the Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; The School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.K. Albrecht, MD, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; J. Callhoff, MSc, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; G. Westhoff*, Dipl. Psych, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; T. Dietrich, Dr. Med, Dr. Med. Dent, MPH, Professor, The School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; T. Dörner, MD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine; A. Zink, MPH, Professor, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre.
| | - Johanna Callhoff
- From the Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; The School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.K. Albrecht, MD, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; J. Callhoff, MSc, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; G. Westhoff*, Dipl. Psych, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; T. Dietrich, Dr. Med, Dr. Med. Dent, MPH, Professor, The School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; T. Dörner, MD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine; A. Zink, MPH, Professor, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre
| | - Gisela Westhoff
- From the Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; The School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.K. Albrecht, MD, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; J. Callhoff, MSc, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; G. Westhoff*, Dipl. Psych, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; T. Dietrich, Dr. Med, Dr. Med. Dent, MPH, Professor, The School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; T. Dörner, MD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine; A. Zink, MPH, Professor, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre
| | - Thomas Dietrich
- From the Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; The School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.K. Albrecht, MD, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; J. Callhoff, MSc, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; G. Westhoff*, Dipl. Psych, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; T. Dietrich, Dr. Med, Dr. Med. Dent, MPH, Professor, The School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; T. Dörner, MD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine; A. Zink, MPH, Professor, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre
| | - Thomas Dörner
- From the Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; The School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.K. Albrecht, MD, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; J. Callhoff, MSc, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; G. Westhoff*, Dipl. Psych, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; T. Dietrich, Dr. Med, Dr. Med. Dent, MPH, Professor, The School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; T. Dörner, MD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine; A. Zink, MPH, Professor, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre
| | - Angela Zink
- From the Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; The School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.K. Albrecht, MD, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; J. Callhoff, MSc, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; G. Westhoff*, Dipl. Psych, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre; T. Dietrich, Dr. Med, Dr. Med. Dent, MPH, Professor, The School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; T. Dörner, MD, Professor, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Medicine; A. Zink, MPH, Professor, Epidemiology Unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre
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van der Meulen TA, Harmsen HJM, Bootsma H, Spijkervet FKL, Kroese FGM, Vissink A. The microbiome-systemic diseases connection. Oral Dis 2016; 22:719-734. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- TA van der Meulen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - HJM Harmsen
- Department of Medical Microbiology; University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - H Bootsma
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology; University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - FKL Spijkervet
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - FGM Kroese
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology; University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - A Vissink
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
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Terzulli M, Ruiz LC, Kugadas A, Masli S, Gadjeva M. TSP-1 Deficiency Alters Ocular Microbiota: Implications for Sjögren's Syndrome Pathogenesis. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2015; 31:413-8. [PMID: 26352162 PMCID: PMC4575514 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2015.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The potential role of commensals as triggering factors that promote inflammation in dry eye disease has not been explored. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether ocular microbiota changes with the onset of dry eye disease in thrombospondin-1-deficient (TSP-1(-/-)) mice, a strain that develops Sjögren's syndrome-like disease. METHODS Conjunctival swabs were collected from TSP-1(-/-) and C57BL/6 mice and analyzed for bacterial presence. Opsonophagocytosis of the bacterial conjunctival isolates derived from the aged TSP-1(-/-) mice by neutrophils derived from either TSP-1(-/-) or C57BL/6 bone marrow was evaluated. The bactericidal activities of TSP-1-derived peptide were examined. RESULTS We found that in TSP-1(-/-) mice, the conjunctival colonization with Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci sp (CNS) species was significantly increased with aging and preceded that of the wild-type C57BL/6 control mice. This correlated with increased neutrophil infiltration into the conjunctiva of the TSP-1(-/-) mice, suggesting that TSP-1 plays a significant role in regulating immunity to commensals. Accordingly, the TSP-1(-/-) PMNs opsonophagocytozed the ocular commensals less efficiently than the TSP-1-sufficient neutrophils. Furthermore, a TSP-1-derived peptide, 4N1K, exhibited significant antimicrobial activity when compared to a control peptide against commensal sp. CONCLUSION These studies illustrate that alterations in the commensal frequency occur in the early stages of development of Sjögren's-like pathology and suggest that interventions that limit commensal outgrowth such as the use of TSP-1-derived peptides could be used for treatment during the early stages of the disease to reduce the commensal burden and ensuing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marielle Terzulli
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Abirami Kugadas
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sharmila Masli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Mihaela Gadjeva
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Ahola K, Saarinen A, Kuuliala A, Leirisalo-Repo M, Murtomaa H, Meurman JH. Impact of rheumatic diseases on oral health and quality of life. Oral Dis 2014; 21:342-8. [PMID: 25158802 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the effects of rheumatic diseases on oral symptoms, health habits, and quality of life in subjects with and without rheumatic diseases. The hypothesis was that patients with rheumatic diseases have more oral symptoms impairing their quality of life than healthy controls. METHODS A questionnaire was mailed to a random sample of 1500 members of the Finnish Rheumatism Association, including those with and without rheumatic diseases. We focused on symptoms of the mouth and temporomandibular area, and health habits. Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP14) was used to evaluate the oral health-related quality of life. We analyzed differences between subjects with and without rheumatic diseases, controlled for age, gender, smoking, and non-rheumatic chronic diseases. RESULTS Completed questionnaires were received from 995 participants (response rate 66%). Of them, 564 reported rheumatic disease, 431 were used as controls. The patients reported significantly more all orofacial symptoms than controls. Severe dry mouth was reported by 19.6% of patients and 2.9% of controls (P < 0.001), and temporomandibular joint symptoms by 59.2% and 27.2% (P < 0.001), respectively. In the OHIP-14 questionnaire, the mean total score was significantly higher in patients (8.80 ± 11.15) than in controls (3.93 ± 6.60; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The study hypothesis was confirmed by showing that the patients with rheumatic diseases reported oral discomfort and reduced quality of life more often when compared with controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ahola
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Terminal RFLP analysis to determine the oral microbiota with hyposalivation. Arch Microbiol 2014; 196:489-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-014-0987-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Napeñas JJ, Rouleau TS. Oral Complications of Sjögren's Syndrome. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2014; 26:55-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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González S, Sung H, Sepúlveda D, González MJ, Molina C. Oral manifestations and their treatment in Sjögren′s syndrome. Oral Dis 2013; 20:153-61. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S González
- Oral Pathology Department; Faculty of Dentistry; Mayor University; Santiago Chile
| | - H Sung
- Faculty of Medicine; Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM); University of Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - D Sepúlveda
- Faculty of Medicine; Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM); University of Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - MJ González
- Faculty of Medicine; Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM); University of Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - C Molina
- Oral Pathology Department; Faculty of Dentistry; Mayor University; Santiago Chile
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Almståhl A, Lingström P, Eliasson L, Carlén A. Fermentation of sugars and sugar alcohols by plaque Lactobacillus strains. Clin Oral Investig 2012; 17:1465-70. [PMID: 22956128 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-012-0832-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to analyse the ability of Lactobacillus strains isolated from supragingival plaque of subjects with hyposalivation and from healthy controls to ferment sugars and sugar alcohols. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty strains isolated from interproximal plaque from subjects with radiation-induced hyposalivation (25 strains), subjects with primary Sjögren's syndrome (16 strains) and from subjects with normal salivary secretion rate (9 strains) were tested. Growth and pH were determined after 24 and 48 h of anaerobic incubation in vials containing basal media with 1 % of glucose, fructose, sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol or xylitol. RESULTS No differences between strains isolated from hyposalivated subjects and controls were detected. All strains lowered the pH to <5.0 from fructose and the majority of the strains from glucose and sucrose. A pH of <5.5 was seen for 52 % of the strains using mannitol, 50 % using sorbitol and 36 % using xylitol. The ability to produce acids from sugars and sugar alcohols was highest among strains of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus paracasei and lowest among Lactobacillus fermentum strains. CONCLUSION A large number of Lactobacillus strains are able to ferment not only sugars but also the sugar substitutes mannitol, sorbitol and xylitol to pH levels critical for enamel demineralisation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our findings suggest that products containing mannitol, sorbitol and/or xylitol may contribute to the acidogenic potential of the dental plaque and especially in hyposalivated subjects with high numbers of lactobacilli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annica Almståhl
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 450, 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Almståhl A, Carlén A, Eliasson L, Lingström P. Lactobacillus species in supragingival plaque in subjects with hyposalivation. Arch Oral Biol 2010; 55:255-9. [PMID: 20149344 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2009] [Revised: 01/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of the study was to analyse the frequency of different Lactobacillus species in relation to the pH-lowering potential of the plaque. METHODS Ten subjects with radiation-induced hyposalivation (RT group) and 10 subjects with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS group) and matched controls with normal salivary secretion were included. Lactobacillus species were selected from their growth on Rogosa agar and identified by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism using HaeIII and HpaII restriction enzymes. RESULTS Lactobacilli were isolated from 14 subjects (6 RT, 3 pSS, 5 controls). The most prevalent species were Lactobacillus fermentum (7 subjects), Lactobacillus casei (7 subjects) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus (6 subjects). L. fermentum and L. casei were the most prevalent species in anterior sites and L. rhamnosus and L. fermentum in posterior sites. In anterior sites, hyposalivated subjects with high Lactobacillus counts had an increased plaque acidogenicity compared to those with low counts. In posterior sites, subjects with high Lactobacillus counts had a lower final pH compared with those with low counts. CONCLUSION There were large intra- and inter-individual variations in frequencies of Lactobacillus species and Lactobacillus counts, but no specific species could be related to plaque acidogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annica Almståhl
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 450, S-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND In small studies, investigators have described oral features and their sequelae in primary Sjögren syndrome (PSS), but they have not provided a full picture of the aspects and implications of oral involvement. The authors describe what is, to their knowledge, the first large-scale evaluation to do so. In addition, they report data regarding utilization and cost of dental care among patients with PSS. METHODS The authors surveyed patients with primary Sjögren syndrome as identified by their physicians (PhysR-PSS), patient-members of the Sjögren's Syndrome Foundation (SSF-PSS) and control subjects who did not have PSS. They made comparisons between the three groups. RESULTS Subjects were 277 patients with PhysR-PSS, 1,225 patients with SSF-PSS and 606 control subjects. More than 96 percent of those in the patient groups experienced oral problems. An oral complaint was the initial symptom in more than one-half of the patients. Xerostomia-associated signs and symptoms were common and severe, as evidenced by scores on an inventory of sicca symptoms. These patients' rate of dental care utilization was high, and the care was costly. CONCLUSIONS Oral and dental disease in PSS is extensive and persistent and represents a significant burden of illness. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Oral symptoms and signs are common in patients with PSS. Early recognition of the significance of these findings by oral specialists could accelerate diagnosis and minimize oral morbidities.
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