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Eisner-Fellay T, Suris JC, Barrense-Dias Y. Adolescent behavioural risk screening in primary care: physician's point of view. Fam Pract 2024; 41:123-130. [PMID: 37972300 PMCID: PMC11017776 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmad106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite regular consultation between adolescents/young adults (AYA) and their physicians, they are not regularly screened for psychosocial risk behaviours. This study examines physicians' self-reported psychosocial risk behaviour screening in AYA. It aims to highlight which elements hinder or improve screening abilities. METHODOLOGY The design was a cross-sectional quantitative survey. Data were obtained through a self-reported questionnaire sent out to primary care physicians (PCP) in Switzerland in 2018. The target population consisted of 1,824 PCP (29% response rate). Participants were asked whether they screened youths from 3 age groups [10-14 y/o, 15-20 y/o, and 21-25y/o] for the HEEADSSS items during child well visits and routine checkups. Barriers to screening included primary consultation motive prioritization, insufficient time, patient compliance, reimbursement, lack of skills related to adolescent health, lack of referral options. Data were analysed first through a bivariate analysis using Chi-square tests then through a multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS The majority of physicians partook in preventive screening for 3-5 psychosocial risk elements. They reported the primary consultation motive as well as a lack of available time as having a high impact on their screening habits. Physician's experience and having discussed confidentiality were related to an increase in the number of topics addressed. Confidentiality remained a significant variable throughout all analyses. CONCLUSION Barriers such as lack of consultation time and prioritization issues were found by physicians to be critical but did not hinder screening habits. The main element impacting screening habits was assuring confidentiality and the second is self-efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taslina Eisner-Fellay
- Research Group on Adolescent Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Services, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joan-Carles Suris
- Research Group on Adolescent Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Services, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yara Barrense-Dias
- Research Group on Adolescent Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Services, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Hong JS, Choi J, Lawrence TI, Yan Y, Takahashi LM, Voisin DR. Pathways From Bullying Victimization to Suicidal Thoughts Among Urban African American Adolescents: Applying the General Strain Theory. J Nerv Ment Dis 2024; 212:159-165. [PMID: 38113933 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The present study explores the relationship between bullying victimization and suicidal thoughts among African American adolescents in urban neighborhoods. The study, which was guided by the general strain theory, proposed and tested potential pathways that link bullying victimization with suicidal thoughts through the mediators including emotional distress, low future orientation, hopelessness, and drug use. The study sample included 414 African American adolescents who were between ages 12 and 22 years and residing in low-income Chicago's South Side neighborhoods. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation, and path analyses were conducted. Bullying victimization was not significantly related to suicidal thoughts, although it was positively associated with emotional distress and drug use. The association between low future orientation and hopelessness was bidirectional. The study findings have implications for practice, which is important as resources to assist adolescents who are affected by violence tend to be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jungtae Choi
- College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Timothy I Lawrence
- Department of Educational Psychology, School of Education and Human Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Yueqi Yan
- Biostatistics and Data Support Center, Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California at Merced, Merced, California
| | - Lois M Takahashi
- Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Californias
| | - Dexter R Voisin
- Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Nielassoff E, Le Floch M, Avril C, Gohier B, Duverger P, Riquin E. Protective factors of suicidal behaviors in children and adolescents/young adults: A literature review. Arch Pediatr 2023; 30:607-616. [PMID: 37777349 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidal behaviors present a public health challenge in children and adolescents. Although the risk factors have long been well documented, protective factors have only been documented for a few years, and there has not been a literature review concerning the suicidal behaviors of children and adolescents since 2006. METHODS Relevant articles were collected using the Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases. Studies meeting the following inclusion criteria were included: age of participants from 6 to 19 years, qualitative and quantitative cohort or case-control studies, multivariate analysis studies, and studies with significant results for at least one protective factor. The methodology used in this review is based on the PRISMA criteria. RESULTS A total of 26 studies were included in this review, which highlights various individual and environmental protective factors. The results were too heterogeneous to perform a meta-analysis, and therefore the discussion is in the form of a narrative summary. High-quality relationships with family and in the school environment were the most frequently found protective factors. The presence of positive links with peers, with other adults, and with the culture of origin was also noted. On an individual level, self-esteem, emotional intelligence, and particular coping abilities were found to be the most important protective factors. CONCLUSION There are numerous important protective factors for suicidal behaviors in children and adolescents and also for adapting care to their needs. A future challenge will be to determine the best protective factors to be consolidated or strengthened using self-assessment tools that are already in use or being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Nielassoff
- Département de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, CHU d'Angers, France; Fondation de Santé des Étudiants de France, clinique de Sablé sur Sarthe, Sablé sur Sarthe, France
| | - Marine Le Floch
- Département de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, CHU d'Angers, France
| | - Clémence Avril
- Fondation de Santé des Étudiants de France, clinique de Sablé sur Sarthe, Sablé sur Sarthe, France
| | - Bénédicte Gohier
- Département de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, CHU d'Angers, France
| | - Philippe Duverger
- Département de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, CHU d'Angers, France; Univ. Angers, [CHU Angers], LPPL EA4638, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Elise Riquin
- Département de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, CHU d'Angers, France; Fondation de Santé des Étudiants de France, clinique de Sablé sur Sarthe, Sablé sur Sarthe, France; Univ. Angers, [CHU Angers], LPPL EA4638, F-49000 Angers, France.
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Oladunjoye AF, Li E, Aneni K, Onigu-Otite E. Cannabis use disorder, suicide attempts, and self-harm among adolescents: A national inpatient study across the United States. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292922. [PMID: 37847698 PMCID: PMC10581466 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is among the top three causes of adolescent mortality. There is a scarcity of research examining cannabis use and suicidal behavior in adolescents. OBJECTIVES To determine the association between cannabis use disorder (CUD) and suicide attempt/self-harm in a hospitalized sample of adolescents. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional observation study using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample collected over four years from January 1, 2016, through December 31, 2019. We included adolescents aged 10-19 hospitalized during the above period (N = 807,105). The primary outcome was suicide attempt/self-harm and the main predictor was CUD. The International Classification of Diseases Tenth Revision (ICD 10) diagnostic codes was used to identify a diagnosis of CUD, suicide attempt/self-harm, and other diagnoses included in the analyses. Adolescents diagnosed with CUD (n = 53,751) were compared to adolescents without CUD (n = 753,354). Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to determine the association between CUD and suicide attempts/self-harm. RESULTS 807,105 adolescent hospitalizations were analyzed, of which 6.9% had CUD. Adolescents with CUD were more likely to be older (17 years vs. 15 years), female (52% vs. 48%), have depression (44% vs. 17%), anxiety (32% vs. 13%), an eating disorder (1.9% vs. 1.2%), ADHD (16.3% vs. 9.1%), Conduct Disorder (4.1% vs. 1.3%), Alcohol Use Disorder (11.9% vs. 0.8%), Nicotine Use Disorder (31.1% vs. 4.1%), Cocaine Use Disorder (5.4% vs. 0.2%), Stimulant Use Disorder (0.8% vs. 0.4%) and report suicide attempts/self-harm (2.8% vs. 0.9%) [all ps<0.001]. After adjusting for potential confounders, CUD was associated with a higher risk of suicide attempts/self-harm (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.3-1.6, p <0.001). Post-hoc analyses showed the presence of depression moderated the association between CUD and suicide attempts/self-harm in that adolescents with CUD and depression had 2.4 times the odds of suicide attempt/self-harm compared to those with CUD but no depression after controlling for potential confounders (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence for the association between CUD and suicide risk among hospitalized adolescents and underscores the importance of recognizing and addressing co-occurring mental and substance use disorders along with CUD to mitigate suicide risk. Identifying high-risk adolescents in inpatient settings provides an opportunity for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeolu Funso Oladunjoye
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Elijah Li
- School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kammarauche Aneni
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Edore Onigu-Otite
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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Muslić L, Rukavina T, Markelić M, Musić Milanović S. Substance Use, Internet Risk Behavior, and Depressive Symptoms as Predictors of Self-harm Thoughts in Adolescents: Insights from the 2019 ESPAD Survey in Croatia. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023:10.1007/s10578-023-01574-1. [PMID: 37491681 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01574-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Self-harm has become a nonspecific symptom of mental distress that is most prevalent in the adolescent population. Since it is often a hidden problem, it is important to focus on preventing it. This study used the data from the Croatian leg of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs to assess certain risk factors and possible protective factors for self-harm thoughts among 16-year-olds in Croatia. Using binary logistic regression, we identified that being female, having less family support and less parental knowledge of adolescents' activities, more frequent cannabis use, more compulsive Internet use and more frequent depressive symptoms significantly increased the likelihood of self-harm thoughts in this sample. Identifying factors that lead to thoughts of self-harm may open a potential space for self-harm prevention before those thoughts progress into behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljiljana Muslić
- Division for Health Promotion, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Rockefeller St. 7, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tina Rukavina
- Division for Health Promotion, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Rockefeller St. 7, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Martina Markelić
- Division for Health Promotion, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Rockefeller St. 7, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Musić Milanović
- Division for Health Promotion, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Rockefeller St. 7, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
- Andrija Štampar School of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Rockefeller St. 4, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
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Lee H, Lee BG. Associations Between Gender-Specific Substance Use Patterns and Mental Health Among Adolescents in the Republic of Korea: A Latent Class Analysis. J Addict Nurs 2023; 34:186-196. [PMID: 37669338 DOI: 10.1097/jan.0000000000000529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although gender differences in adolescent substance use are complex and substance use accompanies mental health problems, most previous studies have focused on gender-specific association between single substance use and mental health. This study aimed to investigate gender-specific substance use patterns and to examine their association with mental health characteristics. METHODS Nationally representative data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey collected in 2018 were analyzed. To identify substance use patterns among male adolescents (n = 30,463) and female adolescents (n = 29,577), multiple-group latent class analysis was conducted using eight substance use indicators. In addition, we conducted a latent class analysis with covariates to examine the association between substance use patterns and mental health characteristics. RESULTS Among both gender samples, the four-class model best fit the data: nonusers (86.4%), frequent smokers (2.9%), risky drinkers (7.1%), and heavy tobacco and alcohol users with lifetime heated tobacco product use (3.6%) for male adolescents, and nonusers (89.8%), frequent smokers (0.5%), risky drinkers (8.0%), and heavy tobacco and alcohol users with a drunkenness episode (1.7%) for female adolescents. Depression, suicidal plans, and suicidal attempts predicted the latent class model for both genders. In addition, stress level predicted the latent class model for female adolescents. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that homogeneous patterns of substance use by gender are differentially associated with mental health problems. Therefore, health professionals should develop interventions tailored to gender-specific substance use patterns, taking into account the mental health characteristics of each pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haein Lee
- Haein Lee, PhD, RN, and Bo Gyeong Lee, PhD, RN, College of Nursing, Daegu Catholic University, Republic of Korea
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Zahran S, Janssen I. Compositional associations of time spent in sleep, screen time, and physical activity with polysubstance use in adolescents. Addict Behav 2023; 144:107755. [PMID: 37247594 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study of grade 6-10 students used compositional analysis to examine the relationship between the movement behavior composition (time in sleep, screen time, and physical activity) and polysubstance use (frequency of using cigarettes, alternative tobacco products, alcohol, cannabis, and illicit drugs). In grades 6-8 students and grades 9-10 girls: 1) sleep was negatively associated with polysubstance use, 2) screen time was positively associated with polysubstance use, and 3) reallocating physical activity or screen time into sleep was associated with lower polysubstance use. In grades 9-10 boys, reallocating 60 min/day from physical activity into screen time or sleep was associated with greater polysubstance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Zahran
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Ian Janssen
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.
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Koumoula A, Marchionatti LE, Caye A, Karagiorga VE, Balikou P, Lontou K, Arkoulaki V, Simioni A, Serdari A, Kotsis K, Basta M, Kapsimali E, Mitropoulou A, Klavdianou N, Zeleni D, Mitroulaki S, Botzaki A, Gerostergios G, Samiotakis G, Moschos G, Giannopoulou I, Papanikolaou K, Aggeli K, Scarmeas N, Koulouvaris P, Emanuele J, Schuster K, Karyotaki E, Kalikow L, Pronoiti K, Gosmann NP, Schafer JL, Merikangas KR, Szatmari P, Cuijpers P, Georgiades K, Milham MP, Corcoran M, Burke S, Koplewicz H, Salum GA. The science of child and adolescent mental health in Greece: a nationwide systematic review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023:10.1007/s00787-023-02213-9. [PMID: 37179505 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02213-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Evidence-based information is essential for effective mental health care, yet the extent and accessibility of the scientific literature are critical barriers for professionals and policymakers. To map the necessities and make validated resources accessible, we undertook a systematic review of scientific evidence on child and adolescent mental health in Greece encompassing three research topics: prevalence estimates, assessment instruments, and interventions. We searched Pubmed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, and IATPOTEK from inception to December 16th, 2021. We included studies assessing the prevalence of conditions, reporting data on assessment tools, and experimental interventions. For each area, manuals informed data extraction and the methodological quality were ascertained using validated tools. This review was registered in protocols.io [68583]. We included 104 studies reporting 533 prevalence estimates, 223 studies informing data on 261 assessment instruments, and 34 intervention studies. We report the prevalence of conditions according to regions within the country. A repository of locally validated instruments and their psychometrics was compiled. An overview of interventions provided data on their effectiveness. The outcomes are made available in an interactive resource online [ https://rpubs.com/camhi/sysrev_table ]. Scientific evidence on child and adolescent mental health in Greece has now been cataloged and appraised. This timely and accessible compendium of up-to-date evidence offers valuable resources for clinical practice and policymaking in Greece and may encourage similar assessments in other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Koumoula
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Lauro Estivalete Marchionatti
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56Th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Arthur Caye
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56Th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vasiliki Eirini Karagiorga
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56Th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Panagiota Balikou
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Katerina Lontou
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Vicky Arkoulaki
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - André Simioni
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56Th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Aspasia Serdari
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kotsis
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Maria Basta
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Efi Kapsimali
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Andromachi Mitropoulou
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Nikanthi Klavdianou
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Domna Zeleni
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Sotiria Mitroulaki
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Anna Botzaki
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Giorgos Gerostergios
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Giorgos Samiotakis
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Giorgos Moschos
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Ioanna Giannopoulou
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Papanikolaou
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Agia Sophia Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Aggeli
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Panagiotis Koulouvaris
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Jill Emanuele
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56Th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Kenneth Schuster
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56Th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Eirini Karyotaki
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Department of Clinical Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lily Kalikow
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Katerina Pronoiti
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Natan Pereira Gosmann
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56Th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Julia Luiza Schafer
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56Th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Kathleen R Merikangas
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katholiki Georgiades
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences & Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Michael P Milham
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56Th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Mimi Corcoran
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56Th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Sarah Burke
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56Th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Harold Koplewicz
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56Th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Giovanni Abrahão Salum
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, New York, USA.
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56Th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Ilia S, Sakapeti E, Briassoulis P, Gerostergios G, Vgontzas A, Briassoulis G. Suicidality Prevalence in a Pediatric Psychiatric Clinic: Relation to Social and Environmental Risk Factors. CHILDREN 2023; 10:children10030558. [PMID: 36980115 PMCID: PMC10047874 DOI: 10.3390/children10030558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Suicidality is a growing public health problem in children and adolescents. The aim of this retrospective data analysis study was to estimate the prevalence of suicidality in pediatric patients admitted to an academic Pediatric Psychiatric Clinic (PPC) and to analyze social and environmental risk factors associated with suicide. Suicidal ideation was assessed by the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview. Using established psychometric scales, social and stressful events were analyzed. During the four-year study, 249 episodes of care were experienced by 152 individuals (mean age 15.2 ± 2 years, girls/boys 107/45). Twenty-eight patients (11.2%) were admitted from the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit and the Department of Pediatrics, 162 (65.1%) from the Pediatric Emergency Department, and 59 (23.7%) from other Hospitals (p = 0.003). A significant longitudinal increase in admissions to PPC, with increasing trends of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and suicidality, was recorded. Suicidal behavior, bullying, internet addiction, friends quarreling, and family problems were risk factors for suicide attempts and suicidality. Our results have implications for prevention programs, highlighting an increasing need for care for suicide attempts and suicidal ideation, related to specific stressful events and contextual socio-environmental status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Ilia
- Postgraduate Program “Emergency and Intensive Care in Children Adolescents and Young Adults”, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Evangelia Sakapeti
- Postgraduate Program “Emergency and Intensive Care in Children Adolescents and Young Adults”, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Briassoulis
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
- Attikon University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - George Gerostergios
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Alexandros Vgontzas
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Briassoulis
- Postgraduate Program “Emergency and Intensive Care in Children Adolescents and Young Adults”, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2810-394675
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Cannabis smoking increases the risk of suicide ideation and suicide attempt in young individuals of 11-21 years: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 153:90-98. [PMID: 35810604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cannabis is the most frequently consumed drug around the world. Its use has been associated with increased suicide behaviors; nonetheless, the association of cannabis smoking and suicide behaviors in adolescents has not yet been established. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the risk of suicide attempt, suicidal ideation or suicide planning in individuals of 11-21 years of age who smoke cannabis. METHODS We performed an online searched using PubMed, EBSCO and Science Direct databases, up to July 2021. We calculated odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals to evaluate the association between suicide attempt, suicidal ideation or suicide planning and cannabis smoking in individuals of 11-21 years of age. RESULTS Twenty studies reported suicide attempts in 34,859 young individuals, suicidal ideation in 26, 937 individuals, and suicide planning in 9054 young individuals. We found an increased risk of suicide attempt in cannabis smokers than in non-cannabis users (OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.78-3.05; Z p value; <0.0001; I2 = 97.12%), as well as a significant association between cannabis smoking and suicidal ideation (OR: 2.04; 95%CI: 1.64-2.53; Z p value: <0.001; I2: 94.88) and suicide planning (OR: 1.674; 95% CI: 1.554-1.804; Z p value: 0.000; I2: 92.609). Subgroup analyses showed that American teens have an increased risk of suicidal ideation; the meta-regression analysis revealed that age was negatively associated with the risk of suicide attempt. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis shows that cannabis smoking increased the risk of suicide attempt, suicidal ideation and suicide planning in young individuals of 11-21 years of age. The high risk of suicide behaviors could vary depending on the population studied; therefore, more studies are necessary to corroborate the risk of presenting suicide behaviors in individuals of 11-21 years of age who smoke cannabis.
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Suicide ideation and/or attempt with substance use and associated factors among the youth in northwest Ethiopia, community-based. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:507. [PMID: 35902853 PMCID: PMC9331079 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04157-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance use is referring to the use of psychoactive substances like chat, cigarettes, alcohol, and others. The use of substances particularly (alcohol, chat, and cigarette) is a major mental health burden in developing countries including Ethiopia among youth. Suicide ideation and an attempt are thinking or trying to kill oneself that facilitates the act of a person intentionally causing his or her death. Suicide is one of the most serious mental health problems and has a great social impact in the world as it is currently the third leading cause of death for youth. Youth is defined as the period of life between childhood and maturity with an age interval of (15-25). METHOD A cross-sectional study design was used to assess the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts with substance use among youth in northwest Ethiopia. Multi-stage sampling techniques of stratified with simple random sample ware used. In the first stage, substance users are selected then as the second stage among substance users the burden of suicide behavior is assessed. ASIST, DASS-21, and other tools were used to assess suicidal behavior with substance use and associated factors. Data were edited, purified, and entered into Epi-data version 4.6 before being exported to the statistical package for social sciences version 20 for analysis of bi-variables to see the associations' p-value < 0.2 and multi-variables to identify the associated variables with a p-value of < 0.05 AOR and CI also done. RESULTS From a total of 372 substance user participants over all prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt among youth was 54(14.5%) with 95% CI of (11.0,18.0) and 37(9.9%) with 95% CI (7.0, 13.0) respectively. Being female [AOR =2.36;95% CI:(1.19, 4.68)], poor social support [AOR =3.03; 95% CI: (1.11, 8.25)], and anxiety [AOR = 3.82: 95% CI; (1.96, 7.46)]. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS The prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt among substance users was 14.5 and 9.9% respectively therefore, immediate interventional actions needed to be administered to decrease the burden of suicide by reducing substance use and other associated factors.
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Baer MM, Tull MT, Gratz KL. Substance Use Frequency Relates to Suicidal Ideation Through Perceived Burdensomeness and to Suicide Attempts Through Capability for Suicide. Arch Suicide Res 2022; 26:1520-1540. [PMID: 34529923 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2021.1931595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although substance use has been linked to both suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, the factors underlying these relations remain unclear. The Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide (ITS) provides a framework for understanding how substance use may increase suicide risk. The purpose of the current study was to examine if frequency of substance use is indirectly related to suicidal ideation and suicide attempts through core ITS variables (i.e., burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and suicide capability). METHODS An online sample of Mechanical Turk workers (N = 365) completed measures assessing substance use frequency, burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, suicide capability, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. RESULTS After controlling for relevant clinical and demographic covariates, substance use frequency was indirectly related to suicidal ideation through burdensomeness but not thwarted belongingness. Substance use frequency was indirectly related to suicide attempts through suicide capability only. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design precludes conclusions about the precise nature and direction of the relations examined. The use of a community sample limits generalizability to more severe substance using samples. CONCLUSIONS Results highlight the relevance of distinct ITS factors in the relation between substance use frequency and both suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Results may inform specific targets for novel interventions aimed at reducing suicide risk among substance-using individuals.HighlightsSubstance use frequency was indirectly related to SI through burdensomeness.Substance use frequency was not indirectly related to SI through thwarted belongingness.Substance use frequency was indirectly related to SA only through suicide capability.
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Chassman S, Barman-Adhikari A, Hsu HT, Ferguson KM, Narendorf SC, Maria DS, Shelton J, Petering R, Bender K. Prevalence and Correlates of Illicit Substance Use Among Young Adults Experiencing Homelessness in Seven Cities Across the United States. JOURNAL OF DRUG ISSUES 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/00220426211049355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Young adults experiencing homelessness (YAEH) engage in substantially higher substance use rates than housed young adults. This current study builds on previous research by investigating the prevalence of and salient correlates of illicit substance use across a seven-city sample. Methods This study used the Homeless Youth Risk and Resiliency Survey (HYRRS) dataset, n=1426 Young adults experiencing homelessness to study patterns and correlates of illicit substance use. Results Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess correlates of substance use. Study site, age, gender identity, sexual orientation, history of suicidal ideation, use of specific substances, and trading sex for drugs were associated with five types of illicit substance use (ecstasy, cocaine, crack, methamphetamine, and injection drug use). Conclusion Findings indicate that substance use interventions for YAEH must be multifaceted, addressing illicit and multiple substance use, along with the myriad factors associated with substance use among this at-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hsun-Ta Hsu
- School of Social Work, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | | - Sarah C. Narendorf
- Graduate College of Social Work, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Diane Santa Maria
- Department of Research, Cizik School of Nursing, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jama Shelton
- Silberman School of Social Work at Hunter College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Kimberly Bender
- Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
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Barbosa JMA, Ribeiro CCC, Batista RFL, Brondani MA, Simões VMF, Bettiol H, Barbieri MA, Coelho SJDDDAC, Silva AAMD. Behavioral risk factors for noncommunicable diseases associated with depression and suicide risk in adolescence. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2022; 38:e00055621. [DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00055621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and mental disorders cooccur in adulthood, which is why their determinants and common risk factors should be addressed at an early age. Therefore, we estimated the association of the major risk factors for NCDs with depression and suicide risk by structural equation modeling considering pathways triggered by social vulnerability or mediated by obesity. This population-based study included 2,515 Brazilian adolescents. The following exposures were the major risk factors for NCDs: substance use behaviors (variable deduced from alcohol, tobacco, and drug use), physical inactivity, and components of unhealthy eating markers (added sugar and saturated fat). Obesity was assessed using the fat mass index. The outcomes were depression and suicide risk. Depression was associated with substance use behaviors (SC = 0.304; p < 0.001), added sugar (SC = 0.094; p = 0.005), and females (SC = 0.310; p < 0.001). Suicide risk was also associated with substance use behaviors (SC = 0.356; p < 0.001), added sugar (SC = 0.100; p = 0.012), and females (SC = 0.207; p < 0.001). In adolescents, these associations may help explain the cluster of NCDs and mental disorders in adulthood.
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Adewuya AO, Oladipo EO. Prevalence and associated factors for suicidal behaviours (ideation, planning, and attempt) among high school adolescents in Lagos, Nigeria. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2020; 29:1503-1512. [PMID: 31858265 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-019-01462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To plan effective school-based adolescent suicide prevention strategies, there is need for valid epidemiology data. The aim of this study was to estimate the current (1 month) prevalence and associated factors of suicidal behaviours (ideation, planning, and attempt) amongst secondary school adolescents in Lagos, Nigeria. A total of 9441 adolescents (4684 males and 4757 females) with mean age 15.61 years (SD 1.49) recruited from 47 public senior secondary schools self-completed questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic, family, school, physical health, and mental health-related variables. Suicidal behaviours (ideation, planning, and attempt) in the past 1 month were also assessed. The weighted 1-month prevalence for suicidal ideation was 6.1% (95% CI 5.5-6.7), suicidal planning was 4.4% (95% CI 3.8-4.9), and suicidal attempt was 2.8% (95% CI 2.4-3.2). The factors significantly associated with suicidal behaviours included being female, not staying with the mother, maternal drinking, witnessing domestic violence, past and present academic difficulties, having no close friend in school and having problems relating with peers and teachers. Also, presence of chronic physical illnesses, depression, anxiety, behavioural disorders, and psychotic-like experiences were associated with adolescent suicidal behaviour. We have shown that a substantial percentage of adolescent have suicidal behaviours, and that there were demographic, family, school, physical health, and psychological health-related factors. We believe that our findings will be important when planning suicide prevention services that could be incorporated into the school mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiodun O Adewuya
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria. .,Centre for Mental Health Research and Initiative (CEMHRI), Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Eniola O Oladipo
- Centre for Mental Health Research and Initiative (CEMHRI), Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
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Suicidal Behaviors Among Ukrainian College Students: the Role of Substance Use, Religion, and Depression. Int J Ment Health Addict 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-020-00333-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Votaw VR, Geyer R, Rieselbach MM, McHugh RK. The epidemiology of benzodiazepine misuse: A systematic review. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 200:95-114. [PMID: 31121495 PMCID: PMC6639084 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzodiazepine misuse is a growing public health problem, with increases in benzodiazepine-related overdose deaths and emergency room visits in recent years. However, relatively little attention has been paid to this emergent problem. We systematically reviewed epidemiological studies on benzodiazepine misuse to identify key findings, limitations, and future directions for research. METHODS PubMed and PsychINFO databases were searched through February 2019 for peer-reviewed publications on benzodiazepine misuse (e.g., use without a prescription; at a higher frequency or dose than prescribed). Eligibility criteria included human studies that focused on the prevalence, trends, correlates, motives, patterns, sources, and consequences of benzodiazepine misuse. RESULTS The search identified 1970 publications, and 351 articles were eligible for data extraction and inclusion. In 2017, benzodiazepines and other tranquilizers were the third most commonly misused illicit or prescription drug in the U.S. (approximately 2.2% of the population). Worldwide rates of misuse appear to be similar to those reported in the U.S. Factors associated with misuse include other substance use, receipt of a benzodiazepine prescription, and psychiatric symptoms and disorders. Benzodiazepine misuse encompasses heterogeneous presentations of motives, patterns, and sources. Moreover, misuse is associated with myriad poor outcomes, including mortality, HIV/HCV risk behaviors, poor self-reported quality of life, criminality, and continued substance use during treatment. CONCLUSIONS Benzodiazepine misuse is a worldwide public health concern that is associated with a number of concerning consequences. Findings from the present review have implications for identifying subgroups who could benefit from prevention and treatment efforts, critical points for intervention, and treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria R. Votaw
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, MSC 03-2220, Albuquerque, NM, USA,Corresponding author: Victoria R. Votaw, Clinical Psychology Ph.D. Student Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Logan Hall, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131,
| | - Rachel Geyer
- Division of Alcohol and Drug Abuse, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Maya M. Rieselbach
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - R. Kathryn McHugh
- Division of Alcohol and Drug Abuse, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, USA
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Karanikola M, Zisimou P, Nystazaki M, Koutrouba A, Severinsson E. Association between illegal use of substances and suicidal behavior in school students: An integrative review of empirical data. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2019; 32:80-101. [PMID: 30912247 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Investigation of the association between type of suicidal behavior and type and frequency of illegal use of substances (IUS) among school students (aged between 12 and 18 years), with a focus on gender differences. DESIGN AND METHODS A systematic review in PubMed, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and Scopus was performed. Identified articles were published between 2007 and 2018. RESULTS Twenty empirical studies confirmed the association between IUS and suicidality, strongly differentiated between males and females, highlighting the importance of gender-specific mediating factors. CONCLUSIONS Mental health nurses need to document gender factors, frequency, and motivation of IUS when screening adolescents experiencing suicidal behavior and IUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Karanikola
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Prodromoula Zisimou
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Maria Nystazaki
- Psychiatric Clinic of Ag. Anargiroi Hospital, Department of Nursing, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Koutrouba
- Department of Nursing, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Elisabeth Severinsson
- Centre for Women's, Family and Child Health, Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
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Cannabis use and suicide attempts among 86,254 adolescents aged 12–15 years from 21 low- and middle-income countries. Eur Psychiatry 2018; 56:8-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackground: Evidence suggests that cannabis use may be associated with suicidality in adolescence. Nevertheless, very few studies have assessed this association in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In this cross-sectional survey, we investigated the association of cannabis use and suicidal attempts in adolescents from 21 LMICs, adjusting for potential confounders.Method: Data from the Global school-based Student Health Survey was analyzed in 86,254 adolescents from 21 countries [mean (SD) age = 13.7 (0.9) years; 49.0% girls]. Suicide attempts during past year and cannabis during past month and lifetime were assessed. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted.Results: The overall prevalence of past 30-day cannabis use was 2.8% and the age-sex adjusted prevalence varied from 0.5% (Laos) to 37.6% (Samoa), while the overall prevalence of lifetime cannabis use was 3.9% (range 0.5%–44.9%). The overall prevalence of suicide attempts during the past year was 10.5%. Following multivariable adjustment to potential confounding variables, past 30-day cannabis use was significantly associated with suicide attempts (OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.42–2.91). Lifetime cannabis use was also independently associated with suicide attempts (OR = 2.30; 95% CI: 1.74–3.04).Conclusion: Our data indicate that cannabis use is associated with a greater likelihood for suicide attempts in adolescents living in LMICs. The causality of this association should be confirmed/refuted in prospective studies to further inform public health policies for suicide prevention in LMICs.
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Berardelli I, Corigliano V, Hawkins M, Comparelli A, Erbuto D, Pompili M. Lifestyle Interventions and Prevention of Suicide. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:567. [PMID: 30459660 PMCID: PMC6232529 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past years, there has been a growing interest in the association between lifestyle psychosocial interventions, severe mental illness, and suicide risk. Patients with severe mental disorders have higher mortality rates, poor health states, and higher suicide risk compared to the general population. Lifestyle behaviors are amenable to change through the adoption of specific psychosocial interventions, and several approaches have been promoted. The current article provides a comprehensive review of the literature on lifestyle interventions, mental health, and suicide risk in the general population and in patients with psychiatric disorders. For this purpose, we investigated lifestyle behaviors and lifestyle interventions in three different age groups: adolescents, young adults, and the elderly. Several lifestyle behaviors including cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and sedentary lifestyle are associated with suicide risk in all age groups. In adolescents, growing attention has emerged on the association between suicide risk and internet addiction, cyberbullying and scholastic and family difficulties. In adults, psychiatric symptoms, substance and alcohol abuse, weight, and occupational difficulties seems to have a significant role in suicide risk. Finally, in the elderly, the presence of an organic disease and poor social support are associated with an increased risk of suicide attempt. Several factors may explain the association between lifestyle behaviors and suicide. First, many studies have reported that some lifestyle behaviors and its consequences (sedentary lifestyle, cigarette smoking underweight, obesity) are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and with poor mental health. Second, several lifestyle behaviors may encourage social isolation, limiting the development of social networks, and remove individuals from social interactions; increasing their risk of mental health problems and suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Berardelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Corigliano
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michael Hawkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Comparelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Denise Erbuto
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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The SDQ dysregulation profile is associated with self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in adolescents evaluated at a clinical setting. REVISTA DE PSIQUIATRIA Y SALUD MENTAL 2018; 12:242-250. [PMID: 30291037 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicidal ideation, suicidal behavior, and non-suicidal self-injury behavior are serious public health problems among adolescents. A significant proportion of adolescents evaluated in clinical settings meet criteria for the dysregulation profile (DP). DP is characterized by restlessness, irritability, "affective storms", mood instability, and aggression in a disproportionate grade to the situation. This DP might be related to increased risk of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors. METHODS Two hundred and thirty-nine adolescents from the Child and Adolescent Outpatient Psychiatric Services of the Jimenez Diaz Foundation, Madrid, were assessed with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire-Dysregulation Profile, the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview and socio-demographic questionnaires. RESULTS Logistic regression showed that DP adolescents were at increased risk for suicide plans, gestures, and suicide attempts. They also tended to present more self-injurious behaviors than adolescents without DP. CONCLUSIONS Our results point to the role of self-regulatory problems in the presence of suicide plans, suicide gestures, suicide attempts, and in non-suicidal self-injury behavior. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the relationship between the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire-Dysregulation Profile and self-injurious thoughts and behaviors.
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Roderick E, Penney J, Murrells T, Dargan PI, Norman IJ. Epidemiology of adolescent substance use in Norfolk schools. QJM 2018; 111:699-706. [PMID: 30016528 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcy153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pattern of alcohol and substance use is changing, with the introduction of novel psychoactive substances, the internet as a means of acquisition and variations in drug purity and price. Alcohol and substance use among adolescents is associated with behavioural, mental health, health and social difficulties; arising at a vulnerable period in their development. Little is known about adolescent substance use in the UK, especially in rural areas. AIM To investigate the prevalence of substance use amongst young people, aged 16-21 years, in Norfolk schools. DESIGN Cross sectional questionnaire survey. METHOD Pupils from two, sixth form colleges in Norfolk answered a self-report questionnaire designed to measure prevalence, age of onset and frequency of use for alcohol, tobacco, illicit substances including new psychoactive substances as well as demographic data. RESULTS A total of 482 students completed the survey (68% participation rate). Life-time use of alcohol was reported by 442 (91.7%) students and over half the pupils had tried tobacco (52.5%, n=253). About 40.7% reported cannabis use and nearly one-fifth (18.9%, n=91) reported using 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA); 41.1% (n=198) students reported using 'any drug' and 23.2% (n=112) 'using an illicit drug other than cannabis' and 8.7% (n=42) reported the use of a novel psychoactive substance. CONCLUSION The most widely used substances were alcohol, tobaccos and cannabis; in keeping with European trends. Over the past decade a decline in alcohol and drug use by adolescents has been seen in the UK. However, since 2010 this decline has slowed with an increase in substance use noted in the past 2 years. This study provides evidence to support this trend. The findings demonstrate differences between the use of substances by pupils in this Norfolk sample compared to national surveys and more urbanized areas. These regional differences can be used to assist the development of local interventions targeting substance use among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Roderick
- Department of Mental Health Nursing, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Penney
- Department of Mental Health Nursing, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK
| | - T Murrells
- Adult Nursing, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P I Dargan
- Clinical Toxicology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's Health Partners, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - I J Norman
- Department of Mental Health Nursing, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK
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Brown RC, Straub J, Bohnacker I, Plener PL. Increasing Knowledge, Skills, and Confidence Concerning Students' Suicidality Through a Gatekeeper Workshop for School Staff. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1233. [PMID: 30079042 PMCID: PMC6062960 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Around one-third of adolescents in Germany report a lifetime history of suicide ideation. School staff (e.g., teachers or school social workers) can serve as gatekeepers to identify adolescents at risk and transfer them to appropriate mental health professionals. The aim of this study was to evaluate a gatekeeper training for school staff. Methods: A total of N = 603 school social workers, school psychologists, and teachers participated in one of 33 1.5-day workshops. Knowledge, attitudes, confidence in skills, and perceived knowledge were assessed at pre and post workshops and at 6-month follow-up (FU). Behavioral changes were assessed via self-report at FU. Results: Knowledge, perceived knowledge, and confidence in own skills concerning suicidality increased significantly from pre- to post-assessment and was still significantly increased at 6-month FU. Attitudes toward suicidal adolescents were neutral to positive before the workshop and remained un-changed at FU. Overall, participants were very satisfied with the workshop. Although participants stated to be motivated to make behavioral changes at 6-month FU, they reported obstacles such as lack of resources and support from school administration. Discussion: This 1.5-day gatekeeper workshop was effective in enhancing knowledge and confidence in school staff regarding suicidality. Future workshops would benefit from ongoing supervision and inclusion of school administration in order to facilitate long-term changes on a behavioral level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C. Brown
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Joana Straub
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Isabelle Bohnacker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Paul L. Plener
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire -Dysregulation Profile, Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Behaviors and the Mediating Role of Stressful Life Events. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 21:E22. [PMID: 29897027 DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2018.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors are self-injurious behaviors inflicted without intending death. Literature has shown the relationship between stressful life events (SLE) and NSSI behaviors. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire-Dysregulation Profile (SDQ-DP) is defined as an index of self-regulatory problems, related to higher risk for suicidal ideation and attempts in adolescents. In this study the relationship between SDQ-DP and NSSI behaviors, mediated by SLE in a clinical sample of children and adolescents is analyzed. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 239 subjects (aged from 11 to 17) to test the mediation model. SDQ-DP significantly correlates with NSSI behaviors (Wald = 6.5477, p = .0105); SDQ-DP significantly correlates with SLE (T = 5.7229, p < .001); SLE significantly correlates NSSI behaviors, and the relation remains significant whilst controlling for SDQ-DP (Wald = 4.1715, p = .041); the relation between SDQ-DP and NSSI behaviors stops being significant whilst controlling for the potential mediator (SLE) (Wald = 2.9951, p = .0835). Study of indirect effect supports the mediation model (.0585 CI [.0016, .1266]). Findings are compatible with the complete mediation scenario. These results point out the importance of self-regulatory problems in coping strategies with regards to SLE and the development of NSSI behaviors.
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Wang PW, Yen CF. Adolescent substance use behavior and suicidal behavior for boys and girls: a cross-sectional study by latent analysis approach. BMC Psychiatry 2017; 17:392. [PMID: 29216850 PMCID: PMC5721537 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-017-1546-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent suicidal behavior may consist of different symptoms, including suicidal ideation, suicidal planning and suicidal attempts. Adolescent substance use behavior may contribute to adolescent suicidal behavior. However, research on the relationships between specific substance use and individual suicidal behavior is insufficient, as adolescents may not use only one substance or develop only one facet of suicidal behavior. Latent variables permit us to describe the relationships between clusters of related behaviors more accurately than studying the relationships between specific behaviors. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore how adolescent substance use behavior contributes to suicidal behavior using latent variables representing adolescent suicidal and substance use behaviors. METHOD A total of 13,985 adolescents were recruited using a stratified random sampling strategy. The participants indicated whether they had experienced suicidal ideation, planning and attempts and reported their cigarette, alcohol, ketamine and MDMA use during the past year. Latent analysis was used to examine the relationship between substance use and suicidal behavior. RESULTS Adolescents who used any one of the above substances exhibited more suicidal behavior. The results of latent variables analysis revealed that adolescent substance use contributed to suicidal behavior and that boys exhibited more severe substance use behavior than girls. However, there was no gender difference in the association between substance use and suicidal behavior. CONCLUSION Substance use behavior in adolescents is related to more suicidal behavior. In addition, the contribution of substance use to suicidal behavior does not differ between genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Wei Wang
- 0000 0004 0620 9374grid.412027.2Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807 Taiwan ,0000 0000 9476 5696grid.412019.fDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fang Yen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan. .,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Huang YH, Liu HC, Tsai FJ, Sun FJ, Huang KY, Chiu YC, Huang YH, Huang YP, Liu SI. Correlation of impulsivity with self-harm and suicidal attempt: a community study of adolescents in Taiwan. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e017949. [PMID: 29217724 PMCID: PMC5728252 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate differences and similarities in risk factors for deliberate self-harm (DSH) and suicidal attempt (SA), and the role of impulsivity among a group of community adolescents. SETTING This is a cross-sectional study conducted at high schools in Northern Taiwan. DATA AND PARTICIPANTS We recruited grade 1 students from 14 high schools. A total of 5879 participants (mean age 16.02 years, female adolescents: 57.7%) completed the online assessment. OUTCOME MEASURES Participants completed online questionnaires about sociodemographic data, suicidality, history of DSH and SA, depressed mood, self-esteem, social support, family discord, impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Version 11 (BIS-11)) and the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs. A subsample was interviewed about lifetime SA, and the results were compared with those from the online questionnaires. RESULTS In our sample, 25% of the students had lifetime DSH and 3.5% had lifetime SA. Two hundred and seventy-two students received face-to-face interviews. The concordance between the online questionnaires and interviews in terms of ascertaining cases of SA was moderate (concordance rate 82.76%; kappa value 0.59). Similar risk factors for DSH/SA among the whole sample included female gender, lower academic performance, depression, substance use (tobacco and alcohol) and low self-esteem. The BIS-11 score was correlated with DSH. Factor 3 score of the BIS-11 (novelty seeking) was correlated with DSH in both boys and girls, whereas factor 2 score (lack of self-control) was correlated with SA in boys. Social support was a protective factor against SA among the female adolescents. Gender modulated the association of impulsivity and DSH/SA. Associations between impulsivity and DSH and SA were particularly strong among boys. CONCLUSIONS Risk factors for DSH and SA were similar, but not identical. Early identification of those at risk and appropriate interventions may be helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsin Huang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Suicide Prevention Centre, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Suicide Prevention Centre, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ju Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ju Sun
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yang Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taiwan Adventist Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsun Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yo-Ping Huang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Ing Liu
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Suicide Prevention Centre, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Park S, Kim J. Latent class analysis of substance use and predictors of latent class membership among adolescents in the Republic of Korea. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2017.1333162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunhee Park
- College of Nursing Science, East-West Nursing Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghee Kim
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Arribas-Ibar E, Suelves JM, Sanchez-Niubò A, Domingo-Salvany A, T. Brugal M. Suicidal behaviours in male and female users of illicit drugs recruited in drug treatment facilities. GACETA SANITARIA 2017; 31:292-298. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Polydrug use by European adolescents in the context of other problem behaviours. NORDIC STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS 2017. [DOI: 10.2478/nsad-2014-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Previous studies of the association between polydrug use and other risk behaviours have generally been limited to specific substances and a small number of behaviours. The aim of this study is to obtain better insight into polydrug use (comprising legal and illegal substances: tobacco, alcohol, tranquillisers/sedatives, cannabis, and other illegal drugs) and its association with co-occurring problem behaviours drawn from various broad domains (sexual, aggressive, delinquent, school achievement, relationships) among European adolescents. Methods Data were obtained from 101,401 16-year-old students from 35 European countries participating in the 2011 ESPAD survey. Associations between polydrug use and other problem behaviours were examined by multinomial and binary logistic regression analyses. Results Tranquillisers/sedatives appeared among the commonest combinations in the polydrug use pattern, especially for females. A strong trend was found between levels of involvement with polydrug use and other problem behaviours for both genders. The highest associations with polydrug use were for problems with the police, risky sexual behaviour and skipping school. Gender differences showed higher prevalences among boys than girls of problem behaviours of aggressive, antisocial type, while girls prevailed over boys in relationship problems. Conclusion An incremental relationship exists between the level of involvement with polydrug use and the co-occurrence of problem behaviours. Preventative interventions should consider the misuse of tranquillisers/sedatives within the context of polydrug use by adolescents and expand their target groups towards multiple problem behaviours.
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New indicators to compare and evaluate harmful drug use among adolescents in 38 European countries. NORDIC STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS 2017. [DOI: 10.2478/nsad-2014-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims New trends in drug consumption reveal increasing polydrug use. Epidemiological indicators in the current use are based on the prevalence and the associated potential harm of a single “main” substance. We propose new indicators to evaluate frequency and potential harm of polydrug use. The indicators are used to compare drug use among countries based on survey data on adolescents' substance use in 38 European countries. Methods The approach is based on analysis of the frequency of use in the various population samples: lifetime use, twelve months use or last thirty days, depending on available data, and on the risk of harm for the substances used. Two indicators are provided: the frequency of use score (FUS) by summing the frequency of use of each substance, and the polydrug use score (PDS) that weight all the substances used by their risk. Results The indicators FUS and PDS were calculated and the distribution functions were used to characterise substance use across ESPAD countries. The analysis shows important differences in poly-substance use severity among countries presenting similar prevention policies. Conclusions Systematic analysis of substance use and the related risk are of paramount interest. The proposed indicators are designed to better monitor and understand consequences of polydrug use and to measure the resulting risk at country or population level. The indicators may also be used to assess the effects of policy interventions.
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Haskuka M, Arenliu A, Kelmendi K. The relationship between substance use and suicidal behaviour among adolescents in selected European countries: A test of normalisation theory. DRUGS: EDUCATION, PREVENTION AND POLICY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09687637.2017.1308468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mytaher Haskuka
- University of Prishtina, Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Psychology, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Aliriza Arenliu
- University of Prishtina, Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Psychology, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Kaltrina Kelmendi
- University of Prishtina, Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Psychology, Pristina, Kosovo
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Cheng HG, Anthony JC. A new era for drinking? Epidemiological evidence on adolescent male-female differences in drinking incidence in the United States and Europe. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2017; 52:117-126. [PMID: 27915406 PMCID: PMC5233577 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-016-1318-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We seek answers to three questions about adolescent risk of starting to drink alcoholic beverages: (1) in new United States (US) data, can we reproduce a recently discovered female excess risk? (2) has a female excess risk emerged in European countries? and (3) might the size of country-level female-male differences (FMD) be influenced by macro-level gender equality and development processes? METHODS Estimates are from US and European surveys of adolescents, 2010-2014. For US estimates, newly incident drinking refers to consuming the first full drink during the 12-month interval just prior to assessment. For all countries, lifetime cumulative incidence of drinking refers to any drinking before assessment of the sampled 15-16 years. RESULTS Cumulative meta-analysis summary estimates from the US show a highly reproducible female excess in newly incident drinking among 12-17 years (final estimated female-male difference in risk, FMD = 2.1%; 95% confidence interval = 1.5%, 2.7%). Several European countries show female excess risk, estimated as lifetime cumulative incidence of drinking onsets before age 17 years. At the country level, the observed magnitude of FMD in risk is positively associated with the Gender Development Index (especially facets related to education and life expectancy of females relative to males), and with residence in a higher income European country. CONCLUSIONS New FMD estimates support reproducibility of a female excess risk in the US. In Europe, evidence of a female excess is modest. Educational attainment, life expectancies, and income merit attention in future FMD research on suspected macro-level processes that influence drinking onsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui G Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - James C Anthony
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have reported a positive association between smoking and suicide, but the results are inconsistent. This meta-analysis was carried out to estimate the association between smoking and suicidal ideation, suicide plan, suicide attempt, and suicide death. METHODS Major electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect were searched until May 2015. The reference lists of included studies were screened too. Epidemiological studies addressing the association between smoking and suicidal behaviors were enrolled. The heterogeneity across studies was explored by Q-test and I2 statistic. The possibility of publication bias was assessed using Begg's and Egger's tests and Trim & Fill analysis. The results were reported based on risk ratio (RR) and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a random-effects model. RESULTS We identified a total of 8062 references and included 63 studies with 8,063,634 participants. Compared to nonsmokers, the current smokers were at higher risk of suicidal ideation (OR = 2.05; 95% CI: 1.53, 2.58; 8 studies; I2 = 80.8%; P<0.001), suicide plan (OR = 2.36; 95% CI: 1.69, 3.02; 6 studies; I2 = 85.2%; P<0.001), suicide attempt (OR = 2.84; 95% CI: 1.49, 4.19; 5 studies; I2 = 89.6%; (P<0.001), and suicide death (RR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.64, 2.02; 14 studies; I2 = 49.7%; P = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS There is sufficient evidence that smoking is associated with an increased risk of suicidal behaviors. Therefore, smoking is a contributing factor for suicide. Although this association does not imply causation, however, smoking prevention and cessation should be the target of suicide prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Poorolajal
- Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nahid Darvishi
- Psychological Counseling Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Smith BC, Armelie AP, Boarts JM, Brazil M, Delahanty DL. PTSD, Depression, and Substance Use in Relation to Suicidality Risk among Traumatized Minority Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Youth. Arch Suicide Res 2016; 20:80-93. [PMID: 26756389 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2015.1004484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Youths who are lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) are more likely than heterosexuals to commit suicide. Substance use, PTSD, and depression are independent risk factors for suicidality; however, the extent to which these factors interact to predict suicidality is unclear. The current study examined the association between substance use, PTSD symptoms (PTSS), depressive symptoms, and suicidality in a sample of 68 traumatized minority LGB youths. Participants were recruited from an LGBT community center and completed a packet of questionnaires. Substance use and depressive symptoms were positively associated with prior suicide attempts. A significant three-way interaction revealed that substance use interacted with both PTSS and depressive symptoms to increase the odds of attempted suicide. Results underscore the importance of integrating substance use components into PTSD/depression treatment to reduce suicide risk in LGB youth.
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Jiraporncharoen W, Likhitsathian S, Lerssrimongkol C, Jiraniramai S, Siriluck L, Angkurawaranon C. Sedative use: its association with harmful alcohol use, harmful tobacco use and quality of life among health care workers in Thailand. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/14659891.2015.1042081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Poorolajal J, Haghtalab T, Farhadi M, Darvishi N. Substance use disorder and risk of suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and suicide death: a meta-analysis. J Public Health (Oxf) 2015; 38:e282-e291. [PMID: 26503486 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdv148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This meta-analysis addressed the association between substance use disorder (SUD) and suicide outcomes based on current evidence. METHODS We searched PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus until May 2015. We also searched the reference lists of included studies and Psycinfo website. We included observational (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional) studies addressing the association between SUD and suicide. Our outcomes of interest were suicide ideation, suicide attempt and suicide death. For each outcome, we calculated the odds ratio (OR) or risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) based on the random-effects model. RESULTS We identified a total of 12 413 references and included 43 studies with 870 967 participants. There was a significant association between SUD and suicidal ideation: OR 2.04 (95% CI: 1.59, 2.50; I2 = 88.8%, 16 studies); suicide attempt OR 2.49 (95% CI: 2.00, 2.98; I2 = 94.3%, 24 studies) and suicide death OR 1.49 (95% CI: 0.97, 2.00; I2 = 82.7%, 7 studies). CONCLUSIONS Based on current evidence, there is a strong association between SUD and suicide outcomes. However, evidence based on long-term prospective cohort studies is limited and needs further investigation. Moreover, further evidence is required to assess and compare the association between suicide outcomes and different types of illicit drugs, dose-response relationship and the way they are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Poorolajal
- Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Tahereh Haghtalab
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Hamadan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mehran Farhadi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Bu-ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nahid Darvishi
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Hamadan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamadan, Iran
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Co-occurrence between mental distress and poly-drug use: a ten year prospective study of patients from substance abuse treatment. Addict Behav 2015; 48:71-8. [PMID: 26004857 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Longitudinal research investigating psychiatric trajectories among patients with poly-drug use patterns remains relatively scant, even though this specific population is at elevated risk for multiple negative outcomes. The present study examined temporal associations between poly-drug use (i.e. heroin, cannabis, tranquilizers, and amphetamines) and mental distress over a 10-year period. METHODS A clinical cohort of 481 patients was recruited from substance use treatment facilities in Norway, and prospectively interviewed 1, 2, 7 and 10years after the initial data collection at treatment admission. At each assessment participants completed a questionnaire addressing their substance use and mental distress. Longitudinal growth models were used to examine whether, and if so, how, levels of drug use were associated with the level and rate of change in mental distress over time. RESULTS Results from the longitudinal growth models showed a co-occurrence between active poly-drug use and mental distress, such that there was a dose-response effect where mental distress increased both in magnitude and over time with the number of drugs used. Reduction in mental distress during the 10-year study period was evident only in the no-drug use condition. Use of multiple drugs and mental distress appear strongly co-related over time. CONCLUSIONS Pre-treatment assessment should carefully identify individuals manifesting poly-drug use and mental disorders. Treatment and follow-up services should be tailored to their specific needs.
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Karki S, Länsimies H, Laukkanen E, Pirskanen M, Pietilä AM. Substance use by adolescents in the Western Developmental Region of Nepal. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/14659891.2015.1005182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suyen Karki
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland,
| | | | - Eila Laukkanen
- Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland,
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland, and
| | | | - Anna-Maija Pietilä
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland,
- Kuopio Social and Health Care Services, Kuopio, Finland
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Thompson EA, Connelly CD, Thomas-Jones D, Eggert LL. School difficulties and co-occurring health risk factors: substance use, aggression, depression, and suicidal behaviors. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2014; 26:74-84. [PMID: 23351110 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Effective prevention requires understanding vulnerable populations, early signs of health risks, and the impact of social contexts. We tested a model of co-occurring mental health risks among at-risk youth experiencing school difficulties. METHODS We analyzed data from a random sample of 336 at-risk youth, grades 9-12, who completed a comprehensive risk/protective factors assessment. FINDINGS Simultaneously controlling for correlations among health risks, we observed systematic associations among risk factors, with generally consistent patterns for males and females. CONCLUSIONS The findings underscore the importance of developing interventions that incorporate contextual influences and of identifying common adaptable strategies for attenuating co-occurring health risks for at-risk youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Adams Thompson
- Reconnecting Youth Prevention Research Program, Psychosocial and Community Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Blasco-Fontecilla H, Jaussent I, Olié E, Béziat S, Guillaume S, Artieda-Urrutia P, Baca-Garcia E, de Leon J, Courtet P. A cross-sectional study of major repeaters: a distinct phenotype of suicidal behavior. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2014; 16:14m01633. [PMID: 25664212 DOI: 10.4088/pcc.14m01633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The characterization of major repeaters (individuals with ≥ 5 lifetime suicide attempts) is a neglected area of research. Our aim was to establish whether or not major repeaters are a distinctive suicidal phenotype, taking into account a wide range of potential competing risks including sociodemographic characteristics, personal and familial history, psychiatric diagnoses, and personality traits. METHOD This cross-sectional study included 372 suicide attempters admitted to a specialized unit for suicide attempters in Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France, between October 12, 2000, and June 10, 2010. Logistic regression models controlling for potential confounders were used. RESULTS When compared with subjects who attempted suicide < 5 times, major repeaters were more likely to be female (odds ratio [OR] = 5.54; 95% CI, 1.41-21.81), to have a lower educational level (OR = 5.1; 95% CI, 1.55-17.2), to have lifetime diagnoses of anorexia nervosa (OR = 3.45; 95% CI, 1.10-10.84) and substance dependence (OR = 5.00; 95% CI, 1.37-18.27), and to have lower levels of anger expressed outward (OR = 0.17; 95% CI, 0.06-0.47) and higher levels of trait anger (OR = 2.82; 95% CI, 1.18-6.75). Major repeaters had significantly higher suicide risk (lethality) scores (OR = 2.14; 95% CI, 1.08-4.23). CONCLUSION Major repeaters are a distinctive suicidal phenotype characterized by a distinctive sociodemographic (ie, female gender, low education) and clinical profile (ie, trait anger, substance dependence, anorexia nervosa). If our results are replicated, specific preventive plans should be tailored to major repeaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilario Blasco-Fontecilla
- Department of Psychiatry, IDIPHIM-Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (Drs Blasco-Fontecilla and Artieda-Urrutia); CIBERSAM (Dr Blasco-Fontecilla), Madrid, Spain; Inserm, U1061 and Université Montpellier I (Drs Jaussent, Olié, Guillaume, and Courtet and Ms Béziat), Montpellier, France; Psychiatric Emergency and Post Emergency Department, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France (Drs Guillaume, Olié, and Courtet); Department of Psychiatry, IIS-FJD, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain (Dr Baca-Garcia); and Mental Health Research Center, Eastern State Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky (Dr de Leon)
| | - Isabelle Jaussent
- Department of Psychiatry, IDIPHIM-Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (Drs Blasco-Fontecilla and Artieda-Urrutia); CIBERSAM (Dr Blasco-Fontecilla), Madrid, Spain; Inserm, U1061 and Université Montpellier I (Drs Jaussent, Olié, Guillaume, and Courtet and Ms Béziat), Montpellier, France; Psychiatric Emergency and Post Emergency Department, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France (Drs Guillaume, Olié, and Courtet); Department of Psychiatry, IIS-FJD, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain (Dr Baca-Garcia); and Mental Health Research Center, Eastern State Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky (Dr de Leon)
| | - Emilie Olié
- Department of Psychiatry, IDIPHIM-Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (Drs Blasco-Fontecilla and Artieda-Urrutia); CIBERSAM (Dr Blasco-Fontecilla), Madrid, Spain; Inserm, U1061 and Université Montpellier I (Drs Jaussent, Olié, Guillaume, and Courtet and Ms Béziat), Montpellier, France; Psychiatric Emergency and Post Emergency Department, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France (Drs Guillaume, Olié, and Courtet); Department of Psychiatry, IIS-FJD, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain (Dr Baca-Garcia); and Mental Health Research Center, Eastern State Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky (Dr de Leon)
| | - Severine Béziat
- Department of Psychiatry, IDIPHIM-Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (Drs Blasco-Fontecilla and Artieda-Urrutia); CIBERSAM (Dr Blasco-Fontecilla), Madrid, Spain; Inserm, U1061 and Université Montpellier I (Drs Jaussent, Olié, Guillaume, and Courtet and Ms Béziat), Montpellier, France; Psychiatric Emergency and Post Emergency Department, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France (Drs Guillaume, Olié, and Courtet); Department of Psychiatry, IIS-FJD, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain (Dr Baca-Garcia); and Mental Health Research Center, Eastern State Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky (Dr de Leon)
| | - Sebastien Guillaume
- Department of Psychiatry, IDIPHIM-Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (Drs Blasco-Fontecilla and Artieda-Urrutia); CIBERSAM (Dr Blasco-Fontecilla), Madrid, Spain; Inserm, U1061 and Université Montpellier I (Drs Jaussent, Olié, Guillaume, and Courtet and Ms Béziat), Montpellier, France; Psychiatric Emergency and Post Emergency Department, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France (Drs Guillaume, Olié, and Courtet); Department of Psychiatry, IIS-FJD, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain (Dr Baca-Garcia); and Mental Health Research Center, Eastern State Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky (Dr de Leon)
| | - Paula Artieda-Urrutia
- Department of Psychiatry, IDIPHIM-Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (Drs Blasco-Fontecilla and Artieda-Urrutia); CIBERSAM (Dr Blasco-Fontecilla), Madrid, Spain; Inserm, U1061 and Université Montpellier I (Drs Jaussent, Olié, Guillaume, and Courtet and Ms Béziat), Montpellier, France; Psychiatric Emergency and Post Emergency Department, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France (Drs Guillaume, Olié, and Courtet); Department of Psychiatry, IIS-FJD, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain (Dr Baca-Garcia); and Mental Health Research Center, Eastern State Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky (Dr de Leon)
| | - Enrique Baca-Garcia
- Department of Psychiatry, IDIPHIM-Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (Drs Blasco-Fontecilla and Artieda-Urrutia); CIBERSAM (Dr Blasco-Fontecilla), Madrid, Spain; Inserm, U1061 and Université Montpellier I (Drs Jaussent, Olié, Guillaume, and Courtet and Ms Béziat), Montpellier, France; Psychiatric Emergency and Post Emergency Department, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France (Drs Guillaume, Olié, and Courtet); Department of Psychiatry, IIS-FJD, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain (Dr Baca-Garcia); and Mental Health Research Center, Eastern State Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky (Dr de Leon)
| | - Jose de Leon
- Department of Psychiatry, IDIPHIM-Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (Drs Blasco-Fontecilla and Artieda-Urrutia); CIBERSAM (Dr Blasco-Fontecilla), Madrid, Spain; Inserm, U1061 and Université Montpellier I (Drs Jaussent, Olié, Guillaume, and Courtet and Ms Béziat), Montpellier, France; Psychiatric Emergency and Post Emergency Department, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France (Drs Guillaume, Olié, and Courtet); Department of Psychiatry, IIS-FJD, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain (Dr Baca-Garcia); and Mental Health Research Center, Eastern State Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky (Dr de Leon)
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Department of Psychiatry, IDIPHIM-Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (Drs Blasco-Fontecilla and Artieda-Urrutia); CIBERSAM (Dr Blasco-Fontecilla), Madrid, Spain; Inserm, U1061 and Université Montpellier I (Drs Jaussent, Olié, Guillaume, and Courtet and Ms Béziat), Montpellier, France; Psychiatric Emergency and Post Emergency Department, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France (Drs Guillaume, Olié, and Courtet); Department of Psychiatry, IIS-FJD, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain (Dr Baca-Garcia); and Mental Health Research Center, Eastern State Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky (Dr de Leon)
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Benjet C, Borges G, Méndez E, Casanova L, Medina-Mora ME. Adolescent alcohol use and alcohol use disorders in Mexico City. Drug Alcohol Depend 2014; 136:43-50. [PMID: 24438842 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence, sex, age distribution, and socio-demographic correlates of any alcohol use, consumption patterns, and any alcohol use disorder in a representative sample of Mexican adolescents. METHODS 3005 youth (52.1% female) aged 12-17 from a stratified multistage area probability sample were representative of adolescents residing in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area. Alcohol use and disorder and their socio-demographic correlates were evaluated with the World Mental Health adolescent version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Data were post-stratified to the total Mexico City adolescent population. RESULTS 59% has used alcohol, this proportion increasing significantly with age. By age 17, 82.5% has used alcohol. Consumption patterns are mostly of low/moderate quantity or infrequent high quantity. Lifetime DSM-IV alcohol use disorder criteria are met by 3.8%, reaching 8.1% for 16-17 years-olds. While males have greater frequency and quantity of drinking, there are no gender differences for alcohol use disorders. Non-school attending youth have twice the odds of a lifetime (OR=2.0, 95% CI=1.13-3.53) and 12-month disorder (OR=2.1, 95% CI=1.10-4.15). Low parental monitoring is associated with 1.72 times the odds of a lifetime disorder (95% CI=1.10-2.68). CONCLUSIONS Over a third of 12 year-olds had ever drunk an alcoholic beverage in their lifetime suggesting that the prevention of alcohol use and disorders must begin in late childhood. Initiatives to foment parental monitoring and to prevent, identify, and treat alcohol use problems in non-school attending youth in particular should be a priority for the wellbeing of Mexico City adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Benjet
- Department of Epidemiological and Psychosocial Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente, Calzada México Xochimilco 101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Mexico City 14370, Mexico.
| | - Guilherme Borges
- Department of Epidemiological and Psychosocial Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente, Calzada México Xochimilco 101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Enrique Méndez
- Department of Epidemiological and Psychosocial Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente, Calzada México Xochimilco 101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Leticia Casanova
- Department of Epidemiological and Psychosocial Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente, Calzada México Xochimilco 101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - María Elena Medina-Mora
- Department of Epidemiological and Psychosocial Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente, Calzada México Xochimilco 101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
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Arenliu A, Kelmendi K, Haskuka M, Halimi T, Canhasi E. Drug use and reported suicide ideation and attempt among Kosovar adolescents. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2013. [DOI: 10.3109/14659891.2013.820803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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White AM, MacInnes E, Hingson RW, Pan IJ. Hospitalizations for suicide-related drug poisonings and co-occurring alcohol overdoses in adolescents (ages 12-17) and young adults (ages 18-24) in the United States, 1999-2008: results from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2013; 43:198-212. [PMID: 23356834 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Drug poisoning is the leading method of suicide-related deaths among females and third among males in the United States. Alcohol can increase the severity of drug poisonings, yet the prevalence of alcohol overdoses in suicide-related drug poisonings (SRDP) remains unclear. Data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample was examined to determine rates of inpatient hospital stays for SRDP and co-occurring alcohol overdoses in adolescents (ages 12-17) and young adults (ages 18-24) between 1999 and 2008. Among adolescents, there were 14,615 hospitalizations for drug poisonings in 2008, of which 72% (10,462) were suicide-related at a cost of $43 million. Rates of SRDP in this age group decreased between 1999 and 2008. The prevalence of co-occurring alcohol overdoses increased from 5% in 1999 to 7% in 2008. Among young adults, there were 32,471 hospitalizations for drug poisonings in 2008, of which 64% (20,746) were suicide-related at a cost of $110 million. Rates of SRDP did not change significantly between 1999 and 2008. The prevalence of co-occurring alcohol overdoses increased from 14% in 1999 to 20% in 2008. Thus, while rates of SRDP decreased for adolescents and remained unchanged for young adults, the prevalence of co-occurring alcohol overdoses increased for both age groups. Such hospitalizations provide important opportunities to employ intervention techniques to prevent further suicide attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M White
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-9304, USA.
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Rothenberger A. One problem is the risk of the next: a vote for early detection and preventive intervention of coexisting psychopathology. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2012; 21:417-9. [PMID: 22864598 PMCID: PMC3411297 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-012-0302-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aribert Rothenberger
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medicine Göttingen, von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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