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Ramirez-Franco J, Debreux K, Sangiardi M, Belghazi M, Kim Y, Lee SH, Lévêque C, Seagar M, El Far O. The downregulation of Kv 1 channels in Lgi1 -/-mice is accompanied by a profound modification of its interactome and a parallel decrease in Kv 2 channels. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 196:106513. [PMID: 38663634 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In animal models of LGI1-dependent autosomal dominant lateral temporal lobe epilepsy, Kv1 channels are downregulated, suggesting their crucial involvement in epileptogenesis. The molecular basis of Kv1 channel-downregulation in LGI1 knock-out mice has not been elucidated and how the absence of this extracellular protein induces an important modification in the expression of Kv1 remains unknown. In this study we analyse by immunofluorescence the modifications in neuronal Kv1.1 and Kv1.2 distribution throughout the hippocampal formation of LGI1 knock-out mice. We show that Kv1 downregulation is not restricted to the axonal compartment, but also takes place in the somatodendritic region and is accompanied by a drastic decrease in Kv2 expression levels. Moreover, we find that the downregulation of these Kv channels is associated with a marked increase in bursting patterns. Finally, mass spectrometry uncovered key modifications in the Kv1 interactome that highlight the epileptogenic implication of Kv1 downregulation in LGI1 knock-out animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Ramirez-Franco
- INSERM UMR_S 1072, Unité de Neurobiologie des canaux Ioniques et de la Synapse, Aix-Marseille Université, 13015 Marseille, France.
| | - Kévin Debreux
- INSERM UMR_S 1072, Unité de Neurobiologie des canaux Ioniques et de la Synapse, Aix-Marseille Université, 13015 Marseille, France
| | - Marion Sangiardi
- INSERM UMR_S 1072, Unité de Neurobiologie des canaux Ioniques et de la Synapse, Aix-Marseille Université, 13015 Marseille, France
| | - Maya Belghazi
- Marseille Protéomique (MaP), Plateforme Protéomique IMM, CNRS FR3479, Aix-Marseille Université, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Yujin Kim
- Department of Physiology, Cell Physiology Lab, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Suk-Ho Lee
- Department of Physiology, Cell Physiology Lab, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Christian Lévêque
- INSERM UMR_S 1072, Unité de Neurobiologie des canaux Ioniques et de la Synapse, Aix-Marseille Université, 13015 Marseille, France
| | - Michael Seagar
- INSERM UMR_S 1072, Unité de Neurobiologie des canaux Ioniques et de la Synapse, Aix-Marseille Université, 13015 Marseille, France
| | - Oussama El Far
- INSERM UMR_S 1072, Unité de Neurobiologie des canaux Ioniques et de la Synapse, Aix-Marseille Université, 13015 Marseille, France.
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2
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Nakazawa K, Chauvin B, Mangenot S, Bertin A. Reconstituted in vitro systems to reveal the roles and functions of septins. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs259448. [PMID: 37815088 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Septins are essential cytoskeletal proteins involved in key cellular processes and have also been implicated in diseases from cancers to neurodegenerative pathologies. However, they have not been as thoroughly studied as other cytoskeletal proteins. In vivo, septins interact with other cytoskeletal proteins and with the inner plasma membrane. Hence, bottom-up in vitro cell-free assays are well suited to dissect the roles and behavior of septins in a controlled environment. Specifically, in vitro studies have been invaluable in describing the self-assembly of septins into a large diversity of ultrastructures. Given that septins interact specifically with membrane, the details of these septin-membrane interactions have been analyzed using reconstituted lipid systems. In particular, at a membrane, septins are often localized at curvatures of micrometer scale. In that context, in vitro assays have been performed with substrates of varying curvatures (spheres, cylinders or undulated substrates) to probe the sensitivity of septins to membrane curvature. This Review will first present the structural properties of septins in solution and describe the interplay of septins with cytoskeletal partners. We will then discuss how septins interact with biomimetic membranes and induce their reshaping. Finally, we will highlight the curvature sensitivity of septins and how they alter the mechanical properties of membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koyomi Nakazawa
- Physico Chimie Curie , Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 168, Sorbonne Université, 11 Rue Pierre et Paris Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Brieuc Chauvin
- Physico Chimie Curie , Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 168, Sorbonne Université, 11 Rue Pierre et Paris Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Mangenot
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes , Université de Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 7057, 45 Rue des Saint Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Bertin
- Physico Chimie Curie , Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 168, Sorbonne Université, 11 Rue Pierre et Paris Curie, 75005 Paris, France
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3
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Werner B, Yadav S. Phosphoregulation of the septin cytoskeleton in neuronal development and disease. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2023; 80:275-289. [PMID: 36127729 PMCID: PMC10025170 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Septins are highly conserved GTP-binding proteins that oligomerize and form higher order structures. The septin cytoskeleton plays an important role in cellular organization, intracellular transport, and cytokinesis. Kinase-mediated phosphorylation of septins regulates various aspects of their function, localization, and dynamics. Septins are enriched in the mammalian nervous system where they contribute to neurodevelopment and neuronal function. Emerging research has implicated aberrant changes in septin cytoskeleton in several human diseases. The mechanisms through which aberrant phosphorylation by kinases contributes to septin dysfunction in neurological disorders are poorly understood and represent an important question for future research with therapeutic implications. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the diversity of kinases that interact with and phosphorylate mammalian septins, delineates how phosphoregulation impacts septin dynamics, and describes how aberrant septin phosphorylation contributes to neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey Werner
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Smita Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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4
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Neuronal-specific septin-3 binds Atg8/LC3B, accumulates and localizes to autophagosomes during induced autophagy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:471. [PMID: 35932293 PMCID: PMC9356936 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04488-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In synapses that show signs of local apoptosis and mitochondrial stress and undergo neuro-immunological synapse pruning, an increase in the levels of the presynaptic protein, neuronal-specific septin-3 can be observed. Septin-3 is a member of the septin GTPase family with the ability to form multimers and contribute to the cytoskeleton. However, the function of septin-3 remains elusive. Here, we provide evidence that septin-3 is capable of binding the most-studied autophagy protein Atg8 homolog microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B), besides another homolog, GABA receptor-associated protein-like 2 (GABARAPL2). Moreover, we demonstrate that colocalization of septin-3 and LC3B increases upon chemical autophagy induction in primary neuronal cells. Septin-3 is accumulated in primary neurons upon autophagy enhancement or blockade, similar to autophagy proteins. Using electron microscopy, we also show that septin-3 localizes to LC3B positive membranes and can be found at mitochondria. However, colocalization results of septin-3 and the early mitophagy marker PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) do not support that binding of septin-3 to mitochondria is mitophagy related. We conclude that septin-3 correlates with synaptic/neuronal autophagy, binds Atg8 and localizes to autophagic membranes that can be enhanced with chemical autophagy induction. Based on our results, elevated septin-3 levels might indicate enhanced or impeded autophagy in neurons.
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5
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Gönczi M, Ráduly Z, Szabó L, Fodor J, Telek A, Dobrosi N, Balogh N, Szentesi P, Kis G, Antal M, Trencsenyi G, Dienes B, Csernoch L. Septin7 is indispensable for proper skeletal muscle architecture and function. eLife 2022; 11:e75863. [PMID: 35929607 PMCID: PMC9355566 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Today septins are considered as the fourth component of the cytoskeleton, with the Septin7 isoform playing a critical role in the formation of higher-order structures. While its importance has already been confirmed in several intracellular processes of different organs, very little is known about its role in skeletal muscle. Here, using Septin7 conditional knockdown (KD) mouse model, the C2C12 cell line, and enzymatically isolated adult muscle fibers, the organization and localization of septin filaments are revealed, and an ontogenesis-dependent expression of Septin7 is demonstrated. KD mice displayed a characteristic hunchback phenotype with skeletal deformities, reduction in in vivo and in vitro force generation, and disorganized mitochondrial networks. Furthermore, knockout of Septin7 in C2C12 cells resulted in complete loss of cell division while KD cells provided evidence that Septin7 is essential for proper myotube differentiation. These and the transient increase in Septin7 expression following muscle injury suggest that it may be involved in muscle regeneration and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónika Gönczi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Zsolt Ráduly
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - László Szabó
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - János Fodor
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Andrea Telek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Nóra Dobrosi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Norbert Balogh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Péter Szentesi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Gréta Kis
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Miklós Antal
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - György Trencsenyi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Beatrix Dienes
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - László Csernoch
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
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6
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Voglewede MM, Zhang H. Polarity proteins: Shaping dendritic spines and memory. Dev Biol 2022; 488:68-73. [PMID: 35580729 PMCID: PMC9953585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The morphogenesis and plasticity of dendritic spines are associated with synaptic strength, learning, and memory. Dendritic spines are highly compartmentalized structures, which makes proteins involved in cellular polarization and membrane compartmentalization likely candidates regulating their formation and maintenance. Indeed, recent studies suggest polarity proteins help form and maintain dendritic spines by compartmentalizing the spine neck and head. Here, we review emerging evidence that polarity proteins regulate dendritic spine plasticity and stability through the cytoskeleton, scaffolding molecules, and signaling molecules. We specifically analyze various polarity complexes known to contribute to different forms of cell polarization processes and examine the essential conceptual context linking these groups of polarity proteins to dendritic spine morphogenesis, plasticity, and cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huaye Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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7
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Chen KR, Wang HY, Liao YH, Sun LH, Huang YH, Yu L, Kuo PL. Effects of Septin-14 Gene Deletion on Adult Cognitive/Emotional Behavior. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:880858. [PMID: 35571367 PMCID: PMC9100402 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.880858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While various septin GTPases have been reported for their physiological functions, their roles in orchestrating complex cognitive/emotional functions in adult mammals remained scarcely explored. A comprehensive behavioral test battery was administered to two sexes of 12-week-old Septin-14 (SEPT14) knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. The sexually dimorphic effects of brain SEPT14 KO on inhibitory avoidance (IA) and hippocampal mGluR5 expression were noticed with greater IA latency and elevated mGluR5 level exclusively in male KO mice. Moreover, SEPT14 KO appeared to be associated with stress-provoked anxiety increase in a stress-related navigation task regardless of animals’ sexes. While male and female WT mice demonstrated comparable cell proliferation in the dorsal and ventral hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), both sexes of SEPT14 KO mice had increased cell proliferation in the ventral DG. Finally, male and female SEPT14 KO mice displayed dampened observational fear conditioning magnitude and learning-provoked corticosterone secretion as compared to their same-sex WT mice. These results, taken together, prompt us to conclude that male, but not female, mice lacking the Septin-14 gene may exhibit increased aversive emotion-related learning and dorsal/ventral hippocampal mGluR5 expressions. Moreover, deletion of SEPT14 may be associated with elevated ventral hippocampal DG cell proliferation and stress-provoked anxiety-like behavior, while dampening vicarious fear conditioning magnitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ru Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yu Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Han Liao
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Han Sun
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Lung Yu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
- Lung Yu,
| | - Pao-Lin Kuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Pao-Lin Kuo,
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8
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Szuba A, Bano F, Castro-Linares G, Iv F, Mavrakis M, Richter RP, Bertin A, Koenderink GH. Membrane binding controls ordered self-assembly of animal septins. eLife 2021; 10:63349. [PMID: 33847563 PMCID: PMC8099429 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Septins are conserved cytoskeletal proteins that regulate cell cortex mechanics. The mechanisms of their interactions with the plasma membrane remain poorly understood. Here, we show by cell-free reconstitution that binding to flat lipid membranes requires electrostatic interactions of septins with anionic lipids and promotes the ordered self-assembly of fly septins into filamentous meshworks. Transmission electron microscopy reveals that both fly and mammalian septin hexamers form arrays of single and paired filaments. Atomic force microscopy and quartz crystal microbalance demonstrate that the fly filaments form mechanically rigid, 12- to 18-nm thick, double layers of septins. By contrast, C-terminally truncated septin mutants form 4-nm thin monolayers, indicating that stacking requires the C-terminal coiled coils on DSep2 and Pnut subunits. Our work shows that membrane binding is required for fly septins to form ordered arrays of single and paired filaments and provides new insights into the mechanisms by which septins may regulate cell surface mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Szuba
- AMOLF, Department of Living Matter, Biological Soft Matter group, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Fouzia Bano
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Bragg Centre for Materials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard Castro-Linares
- AMOLF, Department of Living Matter, Biological Soft Matter group, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Francois Iv
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Manos Mavrakis
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Ralf P Richter
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Bragg Centre for Materials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Aurélie Bertin
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Gijsje H Koenderink
- AMOLF, Department of Living Matter, Biological Soft Matter group, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
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9
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Györffy BA, Tóth V, Török G, Gulyássy P, Kovács RÁ, Vadászi H, Micsonai A, Tóth ME, Sántha M, Homolya L, Drahos L, Juhász G, Kékesi KA, Kardos J. Synaptic mitochondrial dysfunction and septin accumulation are linked to complement-mediated synapse loss in an Alzheimer's disease animal model. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:5243-5258. [PMID: 32034429 PMCID: PMC7671981 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03468-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic functional disturbances with concomitant synapse loss represent central pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. Excessive accumulation of cytotoxic amyloid oligomers is widely recognized as a key event that underlies neurodegeneration. Certain complement components are crucial instruments of widespread synapse loss because they can tag synapses with functional impairments leading to their engulfment by microglia. However, an exact understanding of the affected synaptic functions that predispose to complement-mediated synapse elimination is lacking. Therefore, we conducted systematic proteomic examinations on synaptosomes prepared from an amyloidogenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (APP/PS1). Synaptic fractions were separated according to the presence of the C1q-tag using fluorescence-activated synaptosome sorting and subjected to proteomic comparisons. The results raised the decline of mitochondrial functions in the C1q-tagged synapses of APP/PS1 mice based on enrichment analyses, which was verified using flow cytometry. Additionally, proteomics results revealed extensive alterations in the level of septin protein family members, which are known to dynamically form highly organized pre- and postsynaptic supramolecular structures, thereby affecting synaptic transmission. High-resolution microscopy investigations demonstrated that synapses with considerable amounts of septin-3 and septin-5 show increased accumulation of C1q in APP/PS1 mice compared to the wild-type ones. Moreover, a strong positive correlation was apparent between synaptic septin-3 levels and C1q deposition as revealed via flow cytometry and confocal microscopy examinations. In sum, our results imply that deterioration of synaptic mitochondrial functions and alterations in the organization of synaptic septins are associated with complement-dependent synapse loss in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs A Györffy
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vilmos Tóth
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Török
- Molecular Cell Biology Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Centre of Excellence, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Gulyássy
- MS Proteomics Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Réka Á Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Henrietta Vadászi
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Micsonai
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Melinda E Tóth
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Miklós Sántha
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Homolya
- Molecular Cell Biology Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Centre of Excellence, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Drahos
- MS Proteomics Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Juhász
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- CRU Hungary Ltd., Göd, Hungary
| | - Katalin A Kékesi
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Kardos
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
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10
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Ageta-Ishihara N, Kinoshita M. Developmental and postdevelopmental roles of septins in the brain. Neurosci Res 2020; 170:6-12. [PMID: 33159992 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Morphogenetic processes during brain development and postdevelopmental remodeling of neural architecture depend on the exquisite interplay between the microtubule- and actin-based cytoskeletal systems. Accumulation of evidence indicates cooperative roles of another cytoskeletal system composed of the septin family. Here we overview experimental findings on mammalian septins and their hypothetical roles in the proliferation of neural progenitor cells, neurite development, synapse formation and regulations. The diverse, mostly unexpected phenotypes obtained from gain- and loss-of-function mutants point to unknown molecular network to be elucidated, which may underlie pathogenetic processes of infectious diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Ageta-Ishihara
- Division of Biological Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Science, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
| | - Makoto Kinoshita
- Division of Biological Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Science, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
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11
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Lindhout FW, Kooistra R, Portegies S, Herstel LJ, Stucchi R, Snoek BL, Altelaar AFM, MacGillavry HD, Wierenga CJ, Hoogenraad CC. Quantitative mapping of transcriptome and proteome dynamics during polarization of human iPSC-derived neurons. eLife 2020; 9:e58124. [PMID: 32940601 PMCID: PMC7498259 DOI: 10.7554/elife.58124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of neuronal stem cells into polarized neurons is a well-coordinated process which has mostly been studied in classical non-human model systems, but to what extent these findings are recapitulated in human neurons remains unclear. To study neuronal polarization in human neurons, we cultured hiPSC-derived neurons, characterized early developmental stages, measured electrophysiological responses, and systematically profiled transcriptomic and proteomic dynamics during these steps. The neuron transcriptome and proteome shows extensive remodeling, with differential expression profiles of ~1100 transcripts and ~2200 proteins during neuronal differentiation and polarization. We also identified a distinct axon developmental stage marked by the relocation of axon initial segment proteins and increased microtubule remodeling from the distal (stage 3a) to the proximal (stage 3b) axon. This developmental transition coincides with action potential maturation. Our comprehensive characterization and quantitative map of transcriptome and proteome dynamics provides a solid framework for studying polarization in human neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feline W Lindhout
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Robbelien Kooistra
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Sybren Portegies
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Lotte J Herstel
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Riccardo Stucchi
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Basten L Snoek
- Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - AF Maarten Altelaar
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Harold D MacGillavry
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Corette J Wierenga
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Casper C Hoogenraad
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, IncSan FranciscoUnited States
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12
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Gönczi M, Dienes B, Dobrosi N, Fodor J, Balogh N, Oláh T, Csernoch L. Septins, a cytoskeletal protein family, with emerging role in striated muscle. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2020; 42:251-265. [PMID: 31955380 PMCID: PMC8332580 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-020-09573-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Appropriate organization of cytoskeletal components are required for normal distribution and intracellular localization of different ion channels and proteins involved in calcium homeostasis, signal transduction, and contractile function of striated muscle. Proteins of the contractile system are in direct or indirect connection with the extrasarcomeric cytoskeleton. A number of other molecules which have essential role in regulating stretch-, voltage-, and chemical signal transduction from the surface into the cytoplasm or other intracellular compartments are already well characterized. Sarcomere, the basic contractile unit, is comprised of a precisely organized system of thin (actin), and thick (myosin) filaments. Intermediate filaments connect the sarcomeres and other organelles (mitochondria and nucleus), and are responsible for the cellular integrity. Interacting proteins have a very diverse function in coupling of the intracellular assembly components and regulating the normal physiological function. Despite the more and more intense investigations of a new cytoskeletal protein family, the septins, only limited information is available regarding their expression and role in striated, especially in skeletal muscles. In this review we collected basic and specified knowledge regarding this protein group and emphasize the importance of this emerging field in skeletal muscle biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónika Gönczi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4012, Hungary
| | - Beatrix Dienes
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4012, Hungary
| | - Nóra Dobrosi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4012, Hungary
| | - János Fodor
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4012, Hungary
| | - Norbert Balogh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4012, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4012, Hungary
| | - Tamás Oláh
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - László Csernoch
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4012, Hungary.
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13
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Qiu R, Runxiang Q, Geng A, Liu J, Xu CW, Menon MB, Gaestel M, Lu Q. SEPT7 Interacts with KIF20A and Regulates the Proliferative State of Neural Progenitor Cells During Cortical Development. Cereb Cortex 2019; 30:3030-3043. [PMID: 31813992 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Balanced proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are critical for brain development, but how the process is regulated and what components of the cell division machinery is involved are not well understood. Here we report that SEPT7, a cell division regulator originally identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, interacts with KIF20A in the intercellular bridge of dividing NPCs and plays an essential role in maintaining the proliferative state of NPCs during cortical development. Knockdown of SEPT7 in NPCs results in displacement of KIF20A from the midbody and early neuronal differentiation. NPC-specific inducible knockout of Sept7 causes early cell cycle exit, precocious neuronal differentiation, and ventriculomegaly in the cortex, but surprisingly does not lead to noticeable cytokinesis defect. Our data uncover an interaction of SEPT7 and KIF20A during NPC divisions and demonstrate a crucial role of SEPT7 in cell fate determination. In addition, this study presents a functional approach for identifying additional cell fate regulators of the mammalian brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runxiang Qiu
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Qiu Runxiang
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Anqi Geng
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.,Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jiancheng Liu
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - C Wilson Xu
- Balto Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South Pasadena, CA 91030, USA
| | - Manoj B Menon
- Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany.,Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New-Delhi 110016, India
| | - Matthias Gaestel
- Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Qiang Lu
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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14
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Falk J, Boubakar L, Castellani V. Septin functions during neuro-development, a yeast perspective. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2019; 57:102-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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15
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Cannon KS, Woods BL, Crutchley JM, Gladfelter AS. An amphipathic helix enables septins to sense micrometer-scale membrane curvature. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:1128-1137. [PMID: 30659102 PMCID: PMC6446858 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201807211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The basis of curvature sensing by the septin cytoskeleton is unknown. Cannon et al. now identify a conserved amphipathic helix that is necessary for recruitment of septins to sites of micrometer-scale curvature in vitro and in vivo. Cell shape is well described by membrane curvature. Septins are filament-forming, GTP-binding proteins that assemble on positive, micrometer-scale curvatures. Here, we examine the molecular basis of curvature sensing by septins. We show that differences in affinity and the number of binding sites drive curvature-specific adsorption of septins. Moreover, we find septin assembly onto curved membranes is cooperative and show that geometry influences higher-order arrangement of septin filaments. Although septins must form polymers to stay associated with membranes, septin filaments do not have to span micrometers in length to sense curvature, as we find that single-septin complexes have curvature-dependent association rates. We trace this ability to an amphipathic helix (AH) located on the C-terminus of Cdc12. The AH domain is necessary and sufficient for curvature sensing both in vitro and in vivo. These data show that curvature sensing by septins operates at much smaller length scales than the micrometer curvatures being detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin S Cannon
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Benjamin L Woods
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
| | - John M Crutchley
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Amy S Gladfelter
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC .,Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA
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16
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Gaiardo RB, Abreu TF, Tashima AK, Telles MM, Cerutti SM. Target Proteins in the Dorsal Hippocampal Formation Sustain the Memory-Enhancing and Neuroprotective Effects of Ginkgo biloba. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1533. [PMID: 30666208 PMCID: PMC6330356 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that standardized extracts of Ginkgo biloba (EGb) modulate fear memory formation, which is associated with CREB-1 (mRNA and protein) upregulation in the dorsal hippocampal formation (dHF), in a dose-dependent manner. Here, we employed proteomic analysis to investigate EGb effects on different protein expression patterns in the dHF, which might be involved in the regulation of CREB activity and the synaptic plasticity required for long-term memory (LTM) formation. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 6/group) and were submitted to conditioned lick suppression 30 min after vehicle (12% Tween 80) or EGb (0.25, 0.50, and 1.00 g⋅kg-1) administration (p.o). All rats underwent a retention test session 48 h after conditioning. Twenty-four hours after the test session, the rats were euthanized via decapitation, and dHF samples were removed for proteome analysis using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, followed by peptide mass fingerprinting. In agreement with our previous data, no differences in the suppression ratios (SRs) were identified among the groups during first trial of CS (conditioned stimulus) presentation (P > 0.05). Acute treatment with 0.25 g⋅kg-1 EGb significantly resulted in retention of original memory, without prevent acquisition of extinction within-session. In addition, our results showed, for the first time, that 32 proteins were affected in the dHF following treatment with 0.25, 0.50, and 1.00 g⋅kg-1 doses of EGb, which upregulated seven, 19, and five proteins, respectively. Additionally, EGb downregulated two proteins at each dose. These proteins are correlated with remodeling of the cytoskeleton; the stability, size, and shape of dendritic spines; myelin sheath formation; and composition proteins of structures found in the membrane of the somatodendritic and axonal compartments. Our findings suggested that EGb modulates conditioned suppression LTM through differential protein expression profiles, which may be a target for cognitive enhancers and for the prevention or treatment of neurocognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Barretta Gaiardo
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Farmacologia Celular e Comportamental, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
| | - Thiago Ferreira Abreu
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Keiji Tashima
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Marques Telles
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Fisiologia Metabólica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
| | - Suzete Maria Cerutti
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Farmacologia Celular e Comportamental, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
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17
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Effect of SEPT6 on the biological behavior of hepatic stellate cells and liver fibrosis in rats and its mechanism. J Transl Med 2019; 99:17-36. [PMID: 30315255 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0133-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are key effectors during the development of liver fibrosis. Septin 6 (SEPT6) is a highly evolutionarily conserved GTP-binding protein that regulates various cell biological behaviors. The expression and function of SEPT6 in HSCs remain unknown. Here we demonstrate that SEPT6 expression is significantly elevated following the activation of primary rat HSCs, the human hepatic stellate cell line LX-2 and the rat hepatic stellate cell line HSC-T6, as well as in both human and rat fibrotic liver tissue. In vitro, the overexpression of SEPT6 promoted HSCs activation, proliferation, cell cycle progression and migration and inhibited HSCs apoptosis. In contrast, knockdown of SEPT6 exerted the opposite effects on HSCs. Mechanistically, SEPT6 exerted its pro-fibrogenic effect by promoting the expression of TGF-β1 and the phosphorylation of Smad2, Smad3, extracellular-signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, stress-activated protein kinase-2, and protein kinase B. However, in HSC-T6 cells, blockade of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway by SB431542 significantly decreased the expression of α-smooth muscle actin, cyclin D1, BCL2, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9, which had been enhanced by SEPT6 overexpression. In vivo, adenovirus-mediated SEPT6 inhibition attenuated thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis in rats by decreasing the deposition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). SEPT6 inhibition decreased the proliferation capacity of HSCs and induced apoptosis of HSCs. Collectively, our results reveal that SEPT6 regulates various biological behaviors in HSCs through TGF-β1/Smad, mitogen-activated protein kinases and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathways, thus promoting liver fibrosis.
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18
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Akhmetova KA, Chesnokov IN, Fedorova SA. [Functional Characterization of Septin Complexes]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2018; 52:155-171. [PMID: 29695686 DOI: 10.7868/s0026898418020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Septins belong to a family of conserved GTP-binding proteins found in majority of eukaryotic species except for higher plants. Septins form nonpolar complexes that further polymerize into filaments and associate with cell membranes, thus comprising newly acknowledged cytoskeletal system. Septins participate in a variety of cell processes and contribute to various pathophysiological states, including tumorigenesis and neurodegeneration. Here, we review the structural and functional properties of septins and the regulation of their dynamics with special emphasis on the role of septin filaments as a cytoskeletal system and its interaction with actin and microtubule cytoskeletons. We also discuss how septins compartmentalize the cell by forming local protein-anchoring scaffolds and by providing barriers for the lateral diffusion of the membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Akhmetova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia.,University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35294 USA.,Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - I N Chesnokov
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35294 USA
| | - S A Fedorova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia.,Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia.,
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19
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Piniella D, Martínez-Blanco E, Ibáñez I, Bartolomé-Martín D, Porlan E, Díez-Guerra J, Giménez C, Zafra F. Identification of novel regulatory partners of the glutamate transporter GLT-1. Glia 2018; 66:2737-2755. [PMID: 30394597 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We used proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) to find proteins that potentially interact with the major glial glutamate transporter, GLT-1, and we studied how these interactions might affect its activity. GTPase Rac1 was one protein identified, and interfering with its GTP/GDP cycle in mixed primary rat brain cultures affected both the clustering of GLT-1 at the astrocytic processes and the transport kinetics, increasing its uptake activity at low micromolar glutamate concentrations in a manner that was dependent on the effector kinase PAK1 and the actin cytoskeleton. Interestingly, the same manipulations had a different effect on another glial glutamate transporter, GLAST, inhibiting its activity. Importantly, glutamate acts through metabotropic receptors to stimulate the activity of Rac1 in astrocytes, supporting the existence of cross-talk between extracellular glutamate and the astrocytic form of the GLT-1 regulated by Rac1. CDC42EP4/BORG4 (a CDC42 effector) was also identified in the BioID screen, and it is a protein that regulates the assembly of septins and actin fibers, influencing the organization of the cytoskeleton. We found that GLT-1 interacts with septins, which reduces its lateral mobility at the cell surface. Finally, the G-protein subunit GNB4 dampens the activity of GLT-1, as revealed by its response to the activator peptide mSIRK, both in heterologous systems and in primary brain cultures. This effect occurs rapidly and thus, it is unlikely to depend on cytoskeletal dynamics. These novel interactions shed new light on the events controlling GLT-1 activity, thereby helping us to better understand how glutamate homeostasis is maintained in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Piniella
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Facultad de Ciencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,IdiPAZ, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Martínez-Blanco
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Facultad de Ciencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,IdiPAZ, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ibáñez
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Facultad de Ciencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,IdiPAZ, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Bartolomé-Martín
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Facultad de Ciencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,IdiPAZ, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Porlan
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Facultad de Ciencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,IdiPAZ, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Díez-Guerra
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Facultad de Ciencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cecilio Giménez
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Facultad de Ciencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,IdiPAZ, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Zafra
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Facultad de Ciencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,IdiPAZ, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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20
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Vissa A, Giuliani M, Froese CD, Kim MS, Soroor F, Kim PK, Trimble WS, Yip CM. Single‐molecule localization microscopy of septin bundles in mammalian cells. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2018; 76:63-72. [DOI: 10.1002/cm.21481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Vissa
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular ResearchUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Maximiliano Giuliani
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular ResearchUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Carol D. Froese
- Program in Cell BiologyThe Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Moshe S. Kim
- Program in Cell BiologyThe Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Forooz Soroor
- Program in Cell BiologyThe Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Peter K. Kim
- Program in Cell BiologyThe Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - William S. Trimble
- Program in Cell BiologyThe Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Christopher M. Yip
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular ResearchUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
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21
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Baltussen LL, Rosianu F, Ultanir SK. Kinases in synaptic development and neurological diseases. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 84:343-352. [PMID: 29241837 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal morphogenesis and synapse development is essential for building a functioning nervous system, and defects in these processes are associated with neurological disorders. Our understanding of molecular components and signalling events that contribute to neuronal development and pathogenesis is limited. Genes associated with neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases provide entry points for elucidating molecular events that contribute to these conditions. Several protein kinases, enzymes that regulate protein function by phosphorylating their substrates, are genetically linked to neurological disorders. Identifying substrates of these kinases is key to discovering their function and providing insight for possible therapies. In this review, we describe how various methods for kinase-substrate identification helped elucidate kinase signalling pathways important for neuronal development and function. We describe recent advances on roles of kinases TAOK2, TNIK and CDKL5 in neuronal development and the converging pathways of LRRK2, PINK1 and GAK in Parkinson's Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas L Baltussen
- Kinases and Brain Development Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Flavia Rosianu
- Kinases and Brain Development Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Sila K Ultanir
- Kinases and Brain Development Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom.
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22
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23
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Zhu Y, Zhuo J, Li C, Wang Q, Liu X, Ye L. Regulatory network analysis of hypertension and hypotension microarray data from mouse model. Clin Exp Hypertens 2018; 40:631-636. [PMID: 29400567 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2017.1416120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to identify the potential genes related to blood pressure regulation and screen target genes for high blood pressure (BPH) and low blood pressure (BPL) treatment. The GSE19817 microarray dataset, which included the aorta, liver, heart, and kidney samples from BPH, BPL, and normotensive mice, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed based on the entire expression profile. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened, followed by pathway enrichment analysis. Finally, gene regulatory networks were constructed based on BPH-related and BPL-related DEGs in the aorta, liver, heart, and kidney samples. As a result, DEGs were screened within their respective tissues due to high heterogeneity of different tissues. Totally, 2,726 BPH-related DEGs and 2,472 BPL-related DEGs were screened, which were mainly enriched in pathways such as immune response. The topology data of gene regulatory networks constructed by DEGs in the heart, kidney, and liver were similar than that in aorta. Finally, among BPH-related DEGs, Sept6 and Pigx were found in the top 10 differentially regulated DEGs by comparing the BPH-related DEGs of the aorta with the DEGs of the other 3 tissues in the regulatory network. Although among the top 10 differentially regulated BPL-related DEGs, no common differentially regulated DEGs were found, Wif1, Urb2, and Gtf2ird1 were found among the top ten DEGs in the three tissues other than the kidney tissue. Sept6 and Pigx might participate in the pathogenesis of BPH, whereas Gtf2ird1, Urb2, and Wif1 might be critical target genes for BPL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhu
- a Department of Cardiology , Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan City , China
| | - Jingming Zhuo
- a Department of Cardiology , Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan City , China
| | - Chunmei Li
- a Department of Cardiology , Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan City , China
| | - Qian Wang
- a Department of Cardiology , Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan City , China
| | - Xuefei Liu
- a Department of Cardiology , Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan City , China
| | - Lin Ye
- a Department of Cardiology , Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan City , China
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24
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Zhang N, Liu L, Fan N, Zhang Q, Wang W, Zheng M, Ma L, Li Y, Shi L. The requirement of SEPT2 and SEPT7 for migration and invasion in human breast cancer via MEK/ERK activation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:61587-61600. [PMID: 27557506 PMCID: PMC5308674 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Septins are a novel class of GTP-binding cytoskeletal proteins evolutionarily conserved from yeast to mammals and have now been found to play a contributing role in a broad range of tumor types. However, their functional importance in breast cancer remains largely unclear. Here, we demonstrated that pharmaceutical inhibition of global septin dynamics would greatly suppress proliferation, migration and invasiveness in breast cancer cell lines. We then examined the expression and subcellular distribution of the selected septins SEPT2 and SEPT7 in breast cancer cells, revealing a rather variable localization of the two proteins with cell cycle progression. To determine the role of both septins in mediating malignant behavior of cancer cells, we used RNA silencing to specifically deplete endogenous SEPT2 or SEPT7 in highly invasive breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Our findings showed that SEPT2/7 depletion had virtually identical inhibitory effects on cellular proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. Moreover, the opposite performance in migration and invasion was observed after enforced expression of SEPT2/7 in the same cell line. We further demonstrated MEK/ERK activation, but not other MAPKs and AKT, was positively correlated with the protein levels of SEPT2 and SEPT7. Additionally, in SEPT2/7-overexpressing cells, the MEK specific inhibitor U0126 was able to correct the high active status of MEK/ERK while normalizing the increased invasive behaviors of these cells. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that SEPT2 and SEPT7 are involved in breast carcinogenesis and may serve as valuable therapeutic targets for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianzhu Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Lu Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Ning Fan
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Weijie Wang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Mingnan Zheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116033, Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Lingfei Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Lei Shi
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, P.R.China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, P.R.China
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25
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The Unsolved Problem of How Cells Sense Micron-Scale Curvature. Trends Biochem Sci 2017; 42:961-976. [PMID: 29089160 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Membrane curvature is a fundamental feature of cells and their organelles. Much of what we know about how cells sense curved surfaces comes from studies examining nanometer-sized molecules on nanometer-scale curvatures. We are only just beginning to understand how cells recognize curved topologies at the micron scale. In this review, we provide the reader with an overview of our current understanding of how cells sense and respond to micron-scale membrane curvature.
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26
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Interaction of Recombinant Gallus gallus SEPT5 and Brain Proteins of H5N1-Avian Influenza Virus-Infected Chickens. Proteomes 2017; 5:proteomes5030023. [PMID: 28895884 PMCID: PMC5620540 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes5030023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Septin forms a conserved family of cytoskeletal guanosine triphosphate (GTP) binding proteins that have diverse roles in protein scaffolding, vesicle trafficking, and cytokinesis. The involvement of septins in infectious viral disease pathogenesis has been demonstrated by the upregulation of SEPT5 protein and its mRNA in brain tissues of H5N1-infected chickens, thus, providing evidence for the potential importance of this protein in the pathogenesis of neurovirulence caused by the avian influenza virus. In this study, cloning, expression, and purification of Gallus gallus SEPT5 protein was performed in Escherichia coli. The SEPT5 gene was inserted into the pRSETB expression vector, transformed in the E. coli BL21 (DE3) strain and the expression of SEPT5 protein was induced by IPTG. The SEPT5 protein was shown to be authentic as it was able to be pulled down by a commercial anti-SEPT5 antibody in a co-immunoprecipitation assay. In vivo aggregation of the recombinant protein was limited by cultivation at a reduced temperature of 16 °C. Using co-immunoprecipitation techniques, the purified recombinant SEPT5 protein was used to pull down host’s interacting or binding proteins, i.e., proteins of brains of chickens infected with the H5N1 influenza virus. Interacting proteins, such as CRMP2, tubulin proteins, heat-shock proteins and other classes of septins were identified using LCMS/MS. Results from this study suggest that the codon-optimized SEPT5 gene can be efficiently expressed in the E. coli bacterial system producing authentic SEPT5 protein, thus, enabling multiple host’s proteins to interact with the SEPT5 protein.
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27
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Boubakar L, Falk J, Ducuing H, Thoinet K, Reynaud F, Derrington E, Castellani V. Molecular Memory of Morphologies by Septins during Neuron Generation Allows Early Polarity Inheritance. Neuron 2017; 95:834-851.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Armijo-Weingart L, Gallo G. It takes a village to raise a branch: Cellular mechanisms of the initiation of axon collateral branches. Mol Cell Neurosci 2017; 84:36-47. [PMID: 28359843 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of axon collateral branches from the pre-existing shafts of axons is an important aspect of neurodevelopment and the response of the nervous system to injury. This article provides an overview of the role of the cytoskeleton and signaling mechanisms in the formation of axon collateral branches. Both the actin filament and microtubule components of the cytoskeleton are required for the formation of axon branches. Recent work has begun to shed light on how these two elements of the cytoskeleton are integrated by proteins that functionally or physically link the cytoskeleton. While a number of signaling pathways have been determined as having a role in the formation of axon branches, the complexity of the downstream mechanisms and links to specific signaling pathways remain to be fully determined. The regulation of intra-axonal protein synthesis and organelle function are also emerging as components of signal-induced axon branching. Although much has been learned in the last couple of decades about the mechanistic basis of axon branching we can look forward to continue elucidating this complex biological phenomenon with the aim of understanding how multiple signaling pathways, cytoskeletal regulators and organelles are coordinated locally along the axon to give rise to a branch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Armijo-Weingart
- Shriners Pediatric Research Center, Temple University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, 3500 North Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States
| | - Gianluca Gallo
- Shriners Pediatric Research Center, Temple University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, 3500 North Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States.
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29
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Hannan MA, Mohibbullah M, Hong YK, Moon IS. Proteomic Analysis of the Neurotrophic Effect of Gelidium amansii in Primary Cultured Neurons. J Med Food 2017; 20:279-287. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2016.3848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Abdul Hannan
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mohibbullah
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ki Hong
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University Graduate School of Medicine, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
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30
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Yadav S, Oses-Prieto JA, Peters CJ, Zhou J, Pleasure SJ, Burlingame AL, Jan LY, Jan YN. TAOK2 Kinase Mediates PSD95 Stability and Dendritic Spine Maturation through Septin7 Phosphorylation. Neuron 2017; 93:379-393. [PMID: 28065648 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Abnormalities in dendritic spines are manifestations of several neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diseases. TAOK2 is one of the genes in the 16p11.2 locus, copy number variations of which are associated with autism and schizophrenia. Here, we show that the kinase activity of the serine/threonine kinase encoded by TAOK2 is required for spine maturation. TAOK2 depletion results in unstable dendritic protrusions, mislocalized shaft-synapses, and loss of compartmentalization of NMDA receptor-mediated calcium influx. Using chemical-genetics and mass spectrometry, we identified several TAOK2 phosphorylation targets. We show that TAOK2 directly phosphorylates the cytoskeletal GTPase Septin7, at an evolutionary conserved residue. This phosphorylation induces translocation of Septin7 to the spine, where it associates with and stabilizes the scaffolding protein PSD95, promoting dendritic spine maturation. This study provides a mechanistic basis for postsynaptic stability and compartmentalization via TAOK2-Sept7 signaling, with implications toward understanding the potential role of TAOK2 in neurological deficits associated with the 16p11.2 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Yadav
- Departments of Physiology, Biochemistry, and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Juan A Oses-Prieto
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Christian J Peters
- Departments of Physiology, Biochemistry, and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Programs in Neuroscience and Developmental Biology, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Samuel J Pleasure
- Department of Neurology, Programs in Neuroscience and Developmental Biology, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Alma L Burlingame
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Lily Y Jan
- Departments of Physiology, Biochemistry, and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Yuh-Nung Jan
- Departments of Physiology, Biochemistry, and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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31
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Kähne T, Richter S, Kolodziej A, Smalla KH, Pielot R, Engler A, Ohl FW, Dieterich DC, Seidenbecher C, Tischmeyer W, Naumann M, Gundelfinger ED. Proteome rearrangements after auditory learning: high-resolution profiling of synapse-enriched protein fractions from mouse brain. J Neurochem 2016; 138:124-38. [PMID: 27062398 PMCID: PMC5089584 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Learning and memory processes are accompanied by rearrangements of synaptic protein networks. While various studies have demonstrated the regulation of individual synaptic proteins during these processes, much less is known about the complex regulation of synaptic proteomes. Recently, we reported that auditory discrimination learning in mice is associated with a relative down-regulation of proteins involved in the structural organization of synapses in various brain regions. Aiming at the identification of biological processes and signaling pathways involved in auditory memory formation, here, a label-free quantification approach was utilized to identify regulated synaptic junctional proteins and phosphoproteins in the auditory cortex, frontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum of mice 24 h after the learning experiment. Twenty proteins, including postsynaptic scaffolds, actin-remodeling proteins, and RNA-binding proteins, were regulated in at least three brain regions pointing to common, cross-regional mechanisms. Most of the detected synaptic proteome changes were, however, restricted to individual brain regions. For example, several members of the Septin family of cytoskeletal proteins were up-regulated only in the hippocampus, while Septin-9 was down-regulated in the hippocampus, the frontal cortex, and the striatum. Meta analyses utilizing several databases were employed to identify underlying cellular functions and biological pathways. Data are available via ProteomeExchange with identifier PXD003089. How does the protein composition of synapses change in different brain areas upon auditory learning? We unravel discrete proteome changes in mouse auditory cortex, frontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum functionally implicated in the learning process. We identify not only common but also area-specific biological pathways and cellular processes modulated 24 h after training, indicating individual contributions of the regions to memory processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilo Kähne
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical School, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Richter
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical School, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Angela Kolodziej
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Smalla
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Pielot
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Frank W Ohl
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela C Dieterich
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical School, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze Seidenbecher
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Tischmeyer
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Naumann
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical School, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Eckart D Gundelfinger
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany.,Molecular Neuroscience, Medical School, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany
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32
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Kedracka-Krok S, Swiderska B, Jankowska U, Skupien-Rabian B, Solich J, Dziedzicka-Wasylewska M. Stathmin reduction and cytoskeleton rearrangement in rat nucleus accumbens in response to clozapine and risperidone treatment - Comparative proteomic study. Neuroscience 2015; 316:63-81. [PMID: 26708747 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The complex network of anatomical connections of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) makes it an interface responsible for the selection and integration of cognitive and affective information to modulate appetitive or aversively motivated behaviour. There is evidence for NAc dysfunction in schizophrenia. NAc also seems to be important for antipsychotic drug action, but the biochemical characteristics of drug-induced alterations within NAc remain incompletely characterized. In this study, a comprehensive proteomic analysis was performed to describe the differences in the mechanisms of action of clozapine (CLO) and risperidone (RIS) in the rat NAc. Both antipsychotics influenced the level of microtubule-regulating proteins, i.e., stathmin, and proteins of the collapsin response mediator protein family (CRMPs), and only CLO affected NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2 and septin 6. Both antipsychotics induced changes in levels of other cytoskeleton-related proteins. CLO exclusively up-regulated proteins involved in neuroprotection, such as glutathione synthetase, heat-shock 70-kDa protein 8 and mitochondrial heat-shock protein 75. RIS tuned cell function by changing the pattern of post-translational modifications of some proteins: it down-regulated the phosphorylated forms of stathmin and dopamine and the cyclic AMP-regulated phosphoprotein (DARPP-32) isoform but up-regulated cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5). RIS modulated the level and phosphorylation state of synaptic proteins: synapsin-2, synaptotagmin-1 and adaptor-related protein-2 (AP-2) complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kedracka-Krok
- Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Department of Structural Biology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
| | - B Swiderska
- Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - U Jankowska
- Department of Structural Biology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - B Skupien-Rabian
- Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - J Solich
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Dziedzicka-Wasylewska
- Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
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33
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Abstract
Septins are GTP-binding proteins that form filaments and higher-order structures on the cell cortex of eukaryotic cells and associate with actin and microtubule cytoskeletal networks. When assembled, septins coordinate cell division and contribute to cell polarity maintenance and membrane remodeling. These functions manifest themselves via scaffolding of cytosolic proteins and cytoskeletal networks to specific locations on membranes and by forming diffusional barriers that restrict lateral diffusion of proteins embedded in membranes. Notably, many neurodegenerative diseases and cancers have been characterized as having misregulated septins, suggesting that their functions are relevant to diverse diseases. Despite the importance of septins, little is known about what features of the plasma membrane influence septin recruitment and alternatively, how septins influence plasma membrane properties. Septins have been localized to the cell cortex at the base of cilia, the mother-bud neck of yeast, and branch points of filamentous fungi and dendritic spines, in cleavage furrows, and in retracting membrane protrusions in mammalian cells. These sites all possess some degree of curvature and are likely composed of distinct lipid pools. Depending on the context, septins may act alone or in concert with other cytoskeletal elements to influence and sense membrane properties. The degree to which septins react to and/or induce changes in shape and lipid composition are discussed here. As septins are an essential player in basic biology and disease, understanding the interplay between septins and the plasma membrane is critical and may yield new and unexpected functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Bridges
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Amy S Gladfelter
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
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34
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Maqueshudul Haque Bhuiyan M, Mohibbullah M, Hannan MA, Hong YK, Choi JS, Choi IS, Moon IS. Undaria pinnatifida Promotes Spinogenesis and Synaptogenesis and Potentiates Functional Presynaptic Plasticity in Hippocampal Neurons. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 43:529-42. [PMID: 25967666 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Reductions in neurotrophic factors are implicated in synaptic dysfunction in the central nervous system, but exogenous neurotrophic factors with potential effects on neuritic regeneration and synaptic reconstruction could offer therapeutic and preventive strategies for treating memory-related neurological disorders. In an earlier effort to identify natural neurotrophic agents, we found that the ethanol extract of the edible marine alga Undaria pinnatifida (UPE) had promising effects on the neuritogenesis of cultured hippocampal neurons. Here, we further investigated the ability of UPE to promote spinogenesis and synaptogenesis in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons. It was found that UPE triggered significant increase in numbers of dendritic filopodia and spines, promoted the formation of excitatory and inhibitory synapses, and potentiated synaptic transmission by increasing the sizes of reserve vesicle pools at presynaptic terminals. These findings indicate a substantial role for UPE in the morphological and functional maturation of neurons and suggest that UPE is a possible therapeutic preventative measure and treatment for neurodegenerative diseases, such as those involving cognitive disorders and memory impairments.
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35
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Dolat L, Hu Q, Spiliotis ET. Septin functions in organ system physiology and pathology. Biol Chem 2014; 395:123-41. [PMID: 24114910 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2013-0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human septins comprise a family of 13 genes that encode for >30 protein isoforms with ubiquitous and tissue-specific expressions. Septins are GTP-binding proteins that assemble into higher-order oligomers and filamentous polymers, which associate with cell membranes and the cytoskeleton. In the last decade, much progress has been made in understanding the biochemical properties and cell biological functions of septins. In parallel, a growing number of studies show that septins play important roles for the development and physiology of specific tissues and organs. Here, we review the expression and function of septins in the cardiovascular, immune, nervous, urinary, digestive, respiratory, endocrine, reproductive, and integumentary organ systems. Furthermore, we discuss how the tissue-specific functions of septins relate to the pathology of human diseases that arise from aberrations in septin expression.
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36
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Lee H, Cho SJ, Moon IS. The non-canonical effect of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine kinase on the formation of neuronal dendrites. Mol Cells 2014; 37:248-56. [PMID: 24625575 PMCID: PMC3969046 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2014.2354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
N-acetylglucosamine kinase (GlcNAc kinase or NAGK; EC 2.7.1.59) is a N-acetylhexosamine kinase that belong to the sugar kinase/heat shock protein 70/actin superfamily. In this study, we investigated both the expression and function of NAGK in neurons. Immunohistochemistry of rat brain sections showed that NAGK was expressed at high levels in neurons but at low levels in astrocytes. Immunocytochemistry of rat hippocampal dissociate cultures confirmed these findings and showed that NAGK was also expressed at low levels in oligodendrocytes. Furthermore, several NAGK clusters were observed in the nucleoplasm of both neuron and glia. The overexpression of EGFP- or RFP (DsRed2)-tagged NAGK in rat hippocampal neurons (DIV 5-9) increased the complexity of dendritic architecture by increasing the numbers of primary dendrites and dendritic branches. In contrast, knockdown of NAGK by shRNA resulted in dendrite degeneration, and this was prevented by the co-expression of RFP-tagged NAGK. These results suggest that the upregulation of dendritic complexity is a non-canonical function of NAGK.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyunSook Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 780-714,
Korea
| | - Sun-Jung Cho
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 780-714,
Korea
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 780-714,
Korea
- Dongguk Medical Institute, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 780-714,
Korea
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37
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Gelidium amansii promotes dendritic spine morphology and synaptogenesis, and modulates NMDA receptor-mediated postsynaptic current. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2014; 50:445-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-013-9721-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38
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Nechipurenko IV, Doroquez DB, Sengupta P. Primary cilia and dendritic spines: different but similar signaling compartments. Mol Cells 2013; 36:288-303. [PMID: 24048681 PMCID: PMC3837705 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-013-0246-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary non-motile cilia and dendritic spines are cellular compartments that are specialized to sense and transduce environmental cues and presynaptic signals, respectively. Despite their unique cellular roles, both compartments exhibit remarkable parallels in the general principles, as well as molecular mechanisms, by which their protein composition, membrane domain architecture, cellular interactions, and structural and functional plasticity are regulated. We compare and contrast the pathways required for the generation and function of cilia and dendritic spines, and suggest that insights from the study of one may inform investigations into the other of these critically important signaling structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna V. Nechipurenko
- Department of Biology and National Center for Behavioral Genomics, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - David B. Doroquez
- Department of Biology and National Center for Behavioral Genomics, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Piali Sengupta
- Department of Biology and National Center for Behavioral Genomics, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
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39
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Gallo G. Mechanisms underlying the initiation and dynamics of neuronal filopodia: from neurite formation to synaptogenesis. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 301:95-156. [PMID: 23317818 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407704-1.00003-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Filopodia are finger-like cellular protrusions found throughout the metazoan kingdom and perform fundamental cellular functions during development and cell migration. Neurons exhibit a wide variety of extremely complex morphologies. In the nervous system, filopodia underlie many major morphogenetic events. Filopodia have roles spanning the initiation and guidance of neuronal processes, axons and dendrites to the formation of synaptic connections. This chapter addresses the mechanisms of the formation and dynamics of neuronal filopodia. Some of the major lessons learned from the study of neuronal filopodia are (1) there are multiple mechanisms that can regulate filopodia in a context-dependent manner, (2) that filopodia are specialized subcellular domains, (3) that filopodia exhibit dynamic membrane recycling which also controls aspects of filopodial dynamics, (4) that neuronal filopodia contain machinery for the orchestration of the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton, and (5) localized protein synthesis contributes to neuronal filopodial dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Gallo
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Center for Neural Repair and Rehabilitation, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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40
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolan Beise
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
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41
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Moon IS, Lee H, Walikonis RS. Septin 6 localizes to microtubules in neuronal dendrites. Cytotechnology 2012; 65:179-86. [PMID: 22717660 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-012-9477-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In neuronal dendrites, septins localize to the base of the spine, a unique position which is sandwiched between the microtubule (MT)-rich dendritic shaft and the actin filament-rich spine. Here, we provide evidence for the association of SEPT6 with MTs in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. In normal cultures, SEPT6 clusters localized to MTs, but not to actin clusters. Only MT-disrupting agents (vincristine and nocodazole), but not microfilament-disrupting one (latrunculin A), induced the redistribution of SEPT6 to the disrupted MTs. The nascent MT fibers that were recovered from vincristine or nocodazole treatments also accompanied SEPT6. Blocking MT disruption by Taxol prevented such phenomena, proving that the redistribution of SEPT6 was due to the MT disruption. Our results indicate that SEPT6 complexes at the base of the dendritic spine are associated with MTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk Medical Institute, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 780-714, Korea,
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42
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Septin-driven coordination of actin and microtubule remodeling regulates the collateral branching of axons. Curr Biol 2012; 22:1109-15. [PMID: 22608511 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2012.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Revised: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Axon branching is fundamental to the development of the peripheral and central nervous system. Branches that sprout from the axon shaft are termed collateral or interstitial branches. Collateral branching of axons requires the formation of filopodia from actin microfilaments (F-actin) and their engorgement with microtubules (MTs) that splay from the axon shaft. The mechanisms that drive and coordinate the remodeling of actin and MTs during branch morphogenesis are poorly understood. Septins comprise a family of GTP-binding proteins that oligomerize into higher-order structures, which associate with membranes and the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton. Here, we show that collateral branching of axons requires SEPT6 and SEPT7, two interacting septins. In the axons of sensory neurons, both SEPT6 and SEPT7 accumulate at incipient sites of filopodia formation. We show that SEPT6 localizes to axonal patches of F-actin and increases the recruitment of cortactin, a regulator of Arp2/3-mediated actin polymerization, triggering the emergence of filopodia. Conversely, SEPT7 promotes the entry of axonal MTs into filopodia, enabling the formation of collateral branches. Surprisingly, septins provide a novel mechanism for the collateral branching of axons by coordinating the remodeling of the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton.
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Hall PA, Russell SEH. Mammalian septins: dynamic heteromers with roles in cellular morphogenesis and compartmentalization. J Pathol 2011; 226:287-99. [PMID: 21990096 DOI: 10.1002/path.3024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The septins are a family of GTP-binding proteins, evolutionarily conserved from yeast through to mammals, with roles in multiple core cellular functions. Here we provide an overview of our current knowledge of septin structure and function and focus mainly on mammalian septins, but gain much insight by drawing on knowledge of septins in other organisms. We describe their genomic and transcriptional complexity: a complexity manifest also in the diversity of scaffold structures that septins can form. Septin complexes can act to localize interacting proteins at specific intracellular locales and can also define membrane compartments by defining diffusion barriers. By such activities, septins can contribute to the definition of spatial asymmetry and cell polarity and we suggest a potential role in stem cell biology. Finally, we review the evidence that septins contribute to various disease states and argue that it is a breakdown in the tight regulation of their expression (particularly of individual isoforms), and also their inherent ability to oligomerize, which is pathogenic. Study of the perturbation of septin complex formation in disease will provide valuable insights into septin biology and will be a fertile ground for study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Hall
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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The emerging functions of septins in metazoans. EMBO Rep 2011; 12:1118-26. [PMID: 21997296 DOI: 10.1038/embor.2011.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Septins form a subfamily of highly related GTP-binding proteins conserved from eukaryotic protists to mammals. In most cases, septins function in close association with cell membranes and the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton to regulate a wide variety of key cellular processes. Further underscoring their importance, septin abnormalities are associated with several human diseases. Remarkably, septins have the ability to polymerize into assemblies of different sizes in vitro and in vivo. In cells, these structures act in the formation of diffusion barriers and scaffolds that maintain subcellular polarity. Here, we focus on the emerging roles of vertebrate septins in ciliogenesis, neurogenesis, tumorigenesis and host-pathogen interactions, and discuss whether unifying themes underlie the molecular function of septins in health and disease.
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